# Dictionary_data_final

word: UPPERCUT
russian_word: апперкот
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈʌpəkʌt
phonetics_text: ˈʌpəkʌt
definition:
a punch delivered with an upwards motion and the arm bent.|an upward batting stroke, typically resulting in a fly ball.


word: UPPERMOST
russian_word: самый верхний
example: the uppermost windows
definition: highest in place, rank, or importance.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈʌpəməʊst
phonetics_text: ˈʌpəməʊst
synonyms:
highest|furthest up|loftiest|top|topmost|most elevated|predominant|most important|of greatest importance|to the fore|foremost|dominant|preponderant|principal|leading|greatest|chief|main|paramount|major


word: UPPISH
russian_word: наглый
example: she sensed that her accent made her sound uppish
definition: arrogantly self-assertive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈʌpɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈʌpɪʃ
synonyms:
arrogant|bumptious|self-assertive|bullish|overweening|presumptuous|pushy|throwing one's weight about|throwing one's weight around|overconfident|conceited|affected|snobbish|cocksure|cocky|brash|smug|haughty|supercilious|disdainful|lofty|patronizing|self-important|high-handed|cavalier|imperious|domineering|dictatorial|overbearing|lordly|peremptory|pompous|officious|blustering|boastful|opinionated|bold|forward|insolent|hoity-toity|high and mighty|stuck-up|toffee-nosed|chesty|pushful|hubristic|pissy


word: UPRIGHT
russian_word: вертикально
example: an upright posture|an upright member of the community
definition: (of a person) sitting or standing with the back straight.|strictly honourable or honest.
antonyms: dishonourable|crooked
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ˈʌprʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈʌprʌɪt
synonyms:
honest|honourable|upstanding|respectable|reputable|high-minded|law-abiding|right-minded|worthy|moral|ethical|righteous|decent|good|virtuous|principled|high-principled|of principle|proper|correct|just|noble|incorruptible|anti-corruption|conscientious

origin:
Old English upriht, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch oprecht and German aufrecht (see up, right).


word: UPRIGHTNESS
russian_word: честность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌprʌɪtnəs
phonetics_text: ˈʌprʌɪtnəs
example:
steadying himself, he slowly managed to achieve a state of relative uprightness|there is a general lack of uprightness in these postmodern times

definition:
the state of being in a vertical position.|the condition or quality of being honourable or honest; rectitude.

synonyms:
rectitude|decency|integrity|principle|honesty|honour|honourableness|upstandingness|respectability|high-mindedness|right-mindedness|worthiness|morality|righteousness|goodness|virtue|moral virtue|ethics|principles|correctness|probity|trustworthiness|truthfulness|good character|scrupulousness|nobility|conscientiousness|incorruptibility|fairness|equity|justice


word: UPRISING
russian_word: восстание
example: an armed uprising
definition: an act of resistance or rebellion; a revolt.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌprʌɪzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈʌprʌɪzɪŋ
synonyms:
rebellion|revolt|insurrection|mutiny|revolution|insurgence|insurgency|rising|rioting|riot|civil disobedience|civil disorder|unrest|anarchy|fighting in the streets|coup|regime change|coup d'état|jacquerie|putsch


word: UPROAR
russian_word: шум
example: the room was in an uproar
definition: a loud and impassioned noise or disturbance.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌprɔː
phonetics_text: ˈʌprɔː
synonyms:
turmoil|disorder|confusion|chaos|commotion|disturbance|tumult|turbulence|mayhem|pandemonium|havoc|bedlam|all hell broken loose|noise|din|clamour|hubbub|racket|row|clangour|babble|shouting|yelling|babel|bangarang|hullabaloo|rumpus

origin:
early 16th century: from Middle Dutch uproer, from op ‘up’ + roer ‘confusion’, associated with roar.


word: UPROARIOUS
russian_word: шумный
example: an uproarious party
definition: characterized by or provoking loud noise or uproar.
antonyms: quiet|tame
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ʌpˈrɔːrɪəs
phonetics_text: ʌpˈrɔːrɪəs
synonyms:
disorderly|tumultuous|riotous|unruly|wild|unrestrained|rip-roaring|rollicking|boisterous|roisterous|noisy|loud|rowdy|rackety|clamorous|rumbustious|rambunctious|robustious


word: UPROOT
russian_word: выкорчевывать
antonyms: plant
synonyms: pull up|root out|take out|rip out/up|tear up by the roots|grub out/up|deracinate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ʌpˈruːt
phonetics_text: ʌpˈruːt
example:
the elephant's trunk is powerful enough to uproot trees|my father travelled constantly and uprooted his family several times

definition:
pull (something, especially a tree or plant) out of the ground.|move (someone) from their home or a familiar location.


word: UPS AND DOWNS
russian_word: превратности судьбы
example: I have my ups and downs
definition: a succession of both good and bad experiences.
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
vicissitudes|uncertainties|inconstancy|instability|unpredictability|chanciness|fickleness|variability|changeability|fluctuation|vacillation|alteration|changes|reversal|reverse|downturn


word: UPSCALE
russian_word: высококлассные
example: Hawaii's upscale boutique hotels
definition: relatively expensive and designed to appeal to affluent consumers; upmarket.
antonyms: tacky|inferior
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: ˈʌpskeɪl
phonetics_text: ˈʌpskeɪl|ʌpˈskeɪl
synonyms:
deluxe|high-end|choice|exclusive|select|top-end|luxurious|superior|premier|upper-class|elite|top|classy|ritzy|prime|chi-chi|premium|first-rate|high-quality|top-quality|high-grade|five-star|finest|expensive|high-priced|upmarket|posh


word: UPSET
russian_word: расстройство
example: the accusation upset her|he upset a tureen of soup|the dam will upset the ecological balance
antonyms: put at ease
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
definition:
make (someone) unhappy, disappointed, or worried.|knock (something) over.|cause disorder in; disrupt.|shorten and thicken the end or edge of (a metal bar, wheel rim, or other object), especially by hammering or pressure when heated.

synonyms:
distress|trouble|perturb|disturb|discompose|unsettle|disconcert|discountenance|dismay|disquiet|worry|bother|inconvenience|agitate|fluster|throw|ruffle|unnerve|shake|frighten|alarm|anger|annoy|irritate|vex|irk|fret|pester|harass|torment|plague|hurt|grieve|hassle|peeve|bug|get someone|miff|hack off|wind up|get at|nark|get across|get on someone's wick|tick off|bum out


word: UPSHIFT
russian_word: переключении на более высокую
definition: change to a higher gear in a motor vehicle.|increase.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈʌpʃɪft
phonetics_text: ˈʌpʃɪft
example:
I caught a flash of the driver hand as he upshifted|stricter driving laws that upshifted the penalties for drunk-driving


word: UPSHOT
russian_word: результат
example: the upshot of the meeting was that he was on the next plane to New York
definition: the final or eventual outcome or conclusion of a discussion, action, or series of events.
antonyms: cause|origin
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌpʃɒt
phonetics_text: ˈʌpʃɒt
synonyms:
result|consequence|outcome|out-turn|sequel|effect|reaction|repercussion|reverberations|ramification|end|end result|conclusion|termination|culmination|denouement|corollary|concomitant|aftermath|fruit(s)|product|produce|by-product|sequelae|pay-off|issue|success


word: UPSILON
russian_word: ипсилон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌpˈsʌɪlən
phonetics_text: ʌpˈsʌɪlən|juːpˈsʌɪlən|ˈʊpsɪlɒn|ˈjuːpsɪlɒn
definition:
the twentieth letter of the Greek alphabet ( Υ, υ ), transliterated as ‘u’ or (chiefly in English words derived through Latin) as ‘y’.

origin:
Greek, literally ‘slender U’, from psilos ‘slender’, referring to the need to distinguish upsilon from the diphthong oi : in late Greek the two had the same pronunciation.


word: UPSTAGE
russian_word: в глубине сцены
part_of_speech: verb|adverb|adjective
phonetic: ʌpˈsteɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ʌpˈsteɪdʒ
example:
they were totally upstaged by their co-star in the film|when he tried to upstage her she sauntered down to the front of the stage

definition:
divert attention from (someone) towards oneself.|(of an actor) move towards the back of a stage to make (another actor) face away from the audience.


word: UPSTANDING
russian_word: вертикальный
example: an upstanding member of the community|upstanding feathered plumes
definition: honest; respectable.|standing up; erect.
antonyms: dishonourable|crooked
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ʌpˈstandɪŋ
phonetics_text: ʌpˈstandɪŋ
synonyms:
honest|honourable|upright|respectable|reputable|high-minded|law-abiding|right-minded|worthy|moral|ethical|righteous|decent|good|virtuous|principled|high-principled|of principle|proper|correct|just|noble|incorruptible|anti-corruption|conscientious


word: UPSTART
russian_word: выскочка
example: the upstarts who dare to challenge the legitimacy of his rule
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌpstɑːt
phonetics_text: ˈʌpstɑːt
definition:
a person who has risen suddenly in rank or importance, especially one who behaves arrogantly.|a series of movements on the parallel or asymmetric bars, by which a gymnast swings to a position in which their body is supported by their arms above the bar, especially at the start of a routine.

synonyms:
parvenu(e)|arriviste|nouveau riche|vulgarian|status seeker|social climber|the new rich|new money|would-be|wannabe


word: UPSTATE
russian_word: северная часть штата
example: upstate New York
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ˈʌpsteɪt
phonetics_text: ˈʌpsteɪt
definition:
situated or occurring in the northern part of a state, especially the northern part of New York State as contrasted with New York City.


word: UPSTREAM
russian_word: вверх по течению
example: a lone motor cruiser rumbled upstream
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: ˈʌpstriːm
phonetics_text: ˈʌpstriːm
definition:
in the opposite direction from that in which a stream or river flows; nearer to the source.|in or towards the part of a sequence of genetic material where transcription takes place earlier than at a given point.|at a stage in the process of gas or oil extraction and production before the raw material is ready for refining.


word: UP TO
russian_word: вплоть до
example:
I could reach just up to his waist|the process is expected to take up to two years|I was not up to her standards|it was up to them to gauge the problem|what's he been up to?

definition:
as far as.|indicating a maximum amount.|good enough for.|the responsibility or choice of (someone).|occupied or busy with.


word: UPTURN
russian_word: подъем
example: an upturn in the economy
definition: an improvement or upward trend, especially in economic conditions or someone's fortunes.
antonyms: fall|slump|downturn
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
increase|rise|jump|leap|surge|upswing|upsurge|boost|acceleration|escalation|soaring|step up|improvement|recovery|revival|rally|pickup|comeback|resurgence|renewal|reinvigoration|advancement|betterment|a turn for the better


word: URAEMIA
russian_word: уремия
origin: mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek ouron ‘urine’ + haima ‘blood’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈriːmɪə
phonetics_text: jʊˈriːmɪə
definition:
a raised level in the blood of urea and other nitrogenous waste compounds that are normally eliminated by the kidneys.


word: URAEUS
russian_word: Урей
origin: mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek ouraios, representing the Egyptian word for ‘cobra’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈriːəs
phonetics_text: jʊˈriːəs
definition:
a representation of a sacred serpent as an emblem of supreme power, worn on the headdresses of ancient Egyptian deities and sovereigns.


word: URANINITE
russian_word: уранинит
origin: late 19th century: from urano-2 + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈranɪnʌɪt
phonetics_text: jʊˈranɪnʌɪt
definition:
a black, grey, or brown mineral which consists mainly of uranium dioxide and is the chief ore of uranium.


word: URANIUM
russian_word: уран
origin: late 18th century: modern Latin, from Uranus: compare with tellurium.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈreɪnɪəm
phonetics_text: jʊˈreɪnɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 92, a dense grey radioactive metal used as a fuel in nuclear reactors.


word: URBAN
russian_word: городской
example: the urban population|hip-hop's traditionally urban vibe
antonyms: rural
origin: early 17th century: from Latin urbanus, from urbs, urb- ‘city’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːb(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈəːb(ə)n
definition:
in, relating to, or characteristic of a town or city.|denoting or relating to popular dance music associated with black performers.

synonyms:
built-up|town|city|inner-city|densely populated|townified|citified|metropolitan|suburban|non-rural|municipal|civic|borough|towny|townish|oppidan


word: URBANE
russian_word: вежливый
example: they are charming and urbane
definition: (of a person) courteous and refined in manner.
antonyms: uncouth|unsophisticated|boorish
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense ‘urban’): from French urbain or Latin urbanus (see urban).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: əːˈbeɪn
phonetics_text: əːˈbeɪn
synonyms:
suave|sophisticated|debonair|worldly|elegant|cultivated|cultured|civilized|well bred|worldly-wise|glib|smooth|slick|polished|refined|poised|self-possessed|dignified|courteous|polite|civil|well mannered|gentlemanly|gallant|courtly|charming|affable|tactful|diplomatic|media-savvy|cool|mannerly


word: URBANITY
russian_word: учтивость
example: that polished urbanity of his|a picture of banal urbanity
definition: courteousness and refinement of manner.|urban life.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: əːˈbanɪti
phonetics_text: əːˈbanɪti
synonyms:
suaveness|sophistication|worldliness|elegance|cultivation|culture|civilization|breeding|smoothness|polish|refinement|poise|self-possession|dignity|courtesy|politeness|civility|mannerliness|manners|gentlemanliness|gallantry|courtliness|graciousness|charm|affability|tact|diplomacy|soft skills|cool|couth

origin:
mid 16th century: from French urbanité or Latin urbanitas, from urbanus ‘belonging to the city’ (see urban).


word: URCHIN
russian_word: еж
example: he was surrounded by a dozen street urchins in rags
definition: a young child who is poorly or raggedly dressed.|short for sea urchin.|a hedgehog.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːtʃɪn
phonetics_text: ˈəːtʃɪn
synonyms:
mischievous child|imp|monkey|Puck|rascal|rogue|minx|mischief-maker|prankster|ragamuffin|guttersnipe|waif|stray|tearaway|scamp|scallywag|brat|whippersnapper|horror|varmint|scarecrow|perisher|pickle|tinker|hellion|jackanapes|rip|gamin|gamine|mudlark|scapegrace|street Arab|wastrel|tatterdemalion

origin:
Middle English hirchon, urchon  ‘hedgehog’, from Old Northern French herichon, based on Latin hericius ‘hedgehog’.


word: UREA
russian_word: мочевина
origin: early 19th century: modern Latin, from French urée, from Greek ouron ‘urine’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈriːə
phonetics_text: jʊˈriːə|ˈjʊərɪə
definition:
a colourless crystalline compound which is the main nitrogenous breakdown product of protein metabolism in mammals and is excreted in urine.


word: URETER
russian_word: мочеточник
definition: the duct by which urine passes from the kidney to the bladder or cloaca.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈriːtə
phonetics_text: jʊˈriːtə|ˈjʊərɪtə
origin:
late 16th century: from French uretère or modern Latin ureter, from Greek ourētēr, from ourein ‘urinate’.


word: URETHANE
russian_word: уретан
origin: mid 19th century: from French uréthane (see urea, ethane).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərɪθeɪn
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərɪθeɪn|jʊˈrɛθeɪn
definition:
a synthetic crystalline compound used in making pesticides and fungicides, and formerly as an anaesthetic.


word: URETHRA
russian_word: уретра
origin: mid 17th century: from late Latin, from Greek ourēthra, from ourein ‘urinate’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈriːθrə
phonetics_text: jʊˈriːθrə
definition:
the duct by which urine is conveyed out of the body from the bladder, and which in male vertebrates also conveys semen.


word: URGENCY
russian_word: срочность
definition: importance requiring swift action.|an earnest and persistent quality; insistence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːdʒ(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈəːdʒ(ə)nsi
example:
the discovery of the ozone hole gave urgency to the issue of CFCs|Emilia heard the urgency in his voice

synonyms:
importance|top priority|imperativeness|weight|weightiness|gravity|necessity|exigency|seriousness|momentousness|cruciality|extremity|hurry|haste


word: URGENT
russian_word: срочный
example: an urgent demand for more state funding|she needs urgent treatment
antonyms: trivial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːdʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈəːdʒ(ə)nt
definition:
requiring immediate action or attention.|(of an action or event) done or arranged in response to an urgent situation.

synonyms:
acute|grave|pressing|dire|desperate|critical|crucial|sore|serious|intense|crying|burning|compelling|drastic|extreme|life-and-death|great|very great|terrible|parlous

origin:
late 15th century: from Old French, from Latin urgent- ‘pressing, driving’, from the verb urgere (see urge).


word: URIDINE
russian_word: уридин
origin: early 20th century: from ur(acil) + -ide + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərɪdiːn
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərɪdiːn
definition:
a compound formed by partial hydrolysis of RNA. It is a nucleoside containing uracil linked to ribose.


word: URINAL
russian_word: писсуар
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈrʌɪn(ə)l
phonetics_text: jʊˈrʌɪn(ə)l|ˈjʊərɪn(ə)l
definition:
a bowl or other receptacle, typically attached to a wall in a public toilet, into which men may urinate.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a glass container for the medical inspection of urine): via Old French from Latin urinal, from urina (see urine).


word: URINALYSIS
russian_word: анализ мочи
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjʊərɪˈnalɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌjʊərɪˈnalɪsɪs
definition:
analysis of urine by physical, chemical, and microscopical means to test for the presence of disease, drugs, etc.


word: URINATE
russian_word: мочиться
definition: discharge urine; pass water.
origin: late 16th century: from medieval Latin urinat- ‘urinated’, from the verb urinare .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈjʊərɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərɪneɪt
synonyms:
pass water|go to the toilet|go to the lavatory|relieve oneself|wet one's bed/pants|wet oneself|cock/lift its leg|go|do it|have/take a leak|shake hands with an old friend|answer the call of nature|pee|pee oneself|pee one's pants|piddle|have a piddle|widdle|have a widdle|tinkle|have a tinkle|go to the loo|wee|have a wee|wee-wee|have a Jimmy (Riddle)|have a slash|have a wazz|spend a penny|whiz|take a whiz|micturate|piss|have a piss


word: URINE
russian_word: моча
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin urina .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərɪn
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərɪn|ˈjʊərʌɪn
definition:
a watery, typically yellowish fluid stored in the bladder and discharged through the urethra. It is one of the body's chief means of eliminating excess water and salt, and also contains nitrogen compounds such as urea and other waste substances removed from the blood by the kidneys.


word: URN
russian_word: урна
example: a tea urn
origin: late Middle English: from Latin urna ; related to urceus ‘pitcher’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: əːn
phonetics_text: əːn
definition:
a tall, rounded vase with a stem and base, especially one used for storing the ashes of a cremated person.|a large metal container with a tap, in which tea or coffee is made and kept hot, or water for making such drinks is boiled.


word: UROKINASE
russian_word: урокиназного
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjʊərə(ʊ)ˈkʌɪneɪz
phonetics_text: ˌjʊərə(ʊ)ˈkʌɪneɪz
definition:
an enzyme produced in the kidneys which promotes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and can be used to dissolve blood clots.


word: UROLOGIST
russian_word: уролог
example: he will have to wait two months to see a urologist
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈrɒlədʒɪst
phonetics_text: jʊˈrɒlədʒɪst
definition:
a doctor who specializes in the study or treatment of the function and disorders of the urinary system.


word: UROLOGY
russian_word: урология
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈrɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: jʊˈrɒlədʒi
definition:
the branch of medicine and physiology concerned with the function and disorders of the urinary system.


word: UROPOD
russian_word: Уропод
origin: late 19th century: from uro-2 ‘tail’ + Greek pous, pod- ‘foot’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərə(ʊ)pɒd
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərə(ʊ)pɒd
definition:
the sixth and last pair of abdominal appendages of lobsters and related crustaceans, forming part of the tail fan.


word: UROSTYLE
russian_word: уростиль
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərə(ʊ)stʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərə(ʊ)stʌɪl
definition:
a long bone formed from fused vertebrae at the base of the vertebral column in some lower vertebrates, especially frogs and toads.


word: URUSHIOL
russian_word: урушиол
origin: early 20th century: from Japanese urushi ‘Japanese lacquer’ + -ol.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʊˈruːʃɪɒl
phonetics_text: ʊˈruːʃɪɒl
definition:
an oily liquid which is the main constituent of Japanese lacquer and is responsible for the irritant properties of poison ivy and other plants. It consists of a mixture of catechol derivatives.


word: US
russian_word: нам
example: let us know|give us a kiss
part_of_speech: pronoun
phonetic: ʌs
phonetics_text: ʌs
definition:
used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself and one or more other people as the object of a verb or preposition.|me.

origin:
Old English ūs, accusative and dative of we, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch ons and German uns .


word: USABLE
russian_word: годный к употреблению
example: usable information
definition: able or fit to be used.
antonyms: unusable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈjuːzəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈjuːzəb(ə)l
synonyms:
available for use|utilizable|disposable|at someone's disposal|ready for use|fit for use|working|in working order|functioning|functional|serviceable|workable|operational|operative|running|up and running|viable|feasible|practicable|negotiable|passable|navigable


word: USANCE
russian_word: срок переводного векселя
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, from the base of the verb user ‘to use’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːz(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈjuːz(ə)ns
definition:
another term for usage.|the time allowed for the payment of foreign bills of exchange, according to law or commercial practice.


word: USE
russian_word: использовать
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
she used her key to open the front door|we have used all the available funds|this road used to be a dirt track|she was used to getting what she wanted|I could use another cup of coffee

definition:
take, hold, or deploy (something) as a means of accomplishing or achieving something; employ.|take or consume (an amount) from a limited supply.|describing an action or situation that was done repeatedly or existed for a period in the past.|be or become familiar with (someone or something) through experience.|one would like or benefit from.

synonyms:
utilize|make use of|avail oneself of|employ|work|operate|wield|ply|apply|manoeuvre|manipulate|put to use|put into service|find a use for|resort to|exercise|exert|bring into play|practise|implement|draw on

phonetic:
Middle English: the noun from Old French us, from Latin usus, from uti ‘to use’; the verb from Old French user, based on Latin uti .


word: USEFUL
russian_word: полезный
example: aspirins are useful for headaches
definition: able to be used for a practical purpose or in several ways.
antonyms: useless|disadvantageous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈjuːsfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈjuːsfʊl|ˈjuːsf(ə)l
synonyms:
functional|practical|handy|neat|convenient|utilitarian|utility|helpful|applicable|serviceable|of use|of service|nifty|beneficial|advantageous|worthwhile|profitable|gainful|rewarding|productive|constructive|effective|efficacious|valuable|fruitful|of help|of assistance


word: USEFULNESS
russian_word: полезность
example: faults that affect the book's usefulness
definition: the quality or fact of being useful.
antonyms: uselessness|disadvantage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːsf(ʊ)lnəs
phonetics_text: ˈjuːsf(ʊ)lnəs
synonyms:
functionality|practicality|serviceability|fitness|adequacy|handiness|neatness|convenience|utility|use|effectiveness|efficacy|value|worth|merit|success|benefits|advantages|helpfulness|good|avail|help|assistance|niftiness


word: USELESS
russian_word: бесполезный
example: a piece of useless knowledge
definition: not fulfilling or not expected to achieve the intended purpose or desired outcome.
antonyms: useful|beneficial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈjuːsləs
phonetics_text: ˈjuːsləs
synonyms:
futile|pointless|purposeless|impractical|vain|in vain|to no purpose|to no avail|unavailing|bootless|nugatory|hopeless|unusable|ineffectual|inefficacious|impotent|fruitless|unprofitable|profitless|unproductive|unachievable|Sisyphean|unworkable|broken|kaput|unserviceable|junky|inutile


word: USER
russian_word: пользователь
definition: a person who uses or operates something.|the continued use or enjoyment of a right.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːzə
phonetics_text: ˈjuːzə
example:
the user should press return and a message will be displayed|any oral permission given within the prescription period would negative user as of right


word: USHER
russian_word: судебный пристав
synonyms: attendant|escort|guide|doorkeeper|commissionaire|aide|lackey|flunkey
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈʌʃə
phonetics_text: ˈʌʃə
definition:
a person who shows people to their seats, especially in a cinema or theatre or at a wedding.|an assistant teacher.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a doorkeeper): from Anglo-Norman French usser, from medieval Latin ustiarius, from Latin ostiarius, from ostium ‘door’.


word: USQUEBAUGH
russian_word: в `иски
definition: whisky.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌskwɪbɔː
phonetics_text: ˈʌskwɪbɔː
origin:
late 16th century: from Irish and Scottish Gaelic uisge beatha ‘water of life’; compare with whisky.


word: USUAL
russian_word: обычный
example: he carried out his usual evening routine
definition: habitually or typically occurring or done; customary.
antonyms: unusual|strange|exceptional
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈjuːʒʊəl
phonetics_text: ˈjuːʒʊəl
synonyms:
habitual|customary|accustomed|wonted|normal|routine|regular|constant|standard|typical|established|recognized|set|fixed|settled|stock|conventional|traditional|orthodox|accepted|expected|predictable|familiar|average|general|ordinary|everyday|daily|quotidian

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin usualis, from Latin usus ‘a use’ (see use).


word: USUALLY
russian_word: обычно
example: he usually arrives home about one o'clock
definition: under normal conditions; generally.
antonyms: exceptionally
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈjuːʒʊəli
phonetics_text: ˈjuːʒʊəli
synonyms:
normally|generally|habitually|customarily|standardly|routinely|regularly|typically|ordinarily|commonly|conventionally|traditionally|historically|as a rule|as a general rule|in general|in the general run of things|by and large|more often than not|almost always|in the main|mainly|mostly|for the most part|most of the time|on the whole


word: USUCAPTION
russian_word: узукапия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjuːzjʊˈkapʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌjuːzjʊˈkapʃ(ə)n
definition:
the acquisition of a title or right to property by uninterrupted and undisputed possession for a prescribed term.

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin usucaptio(n- ), from usucapere ‘acquire by prescription’, from usu ‘by use’ + capere ‘take’.


word: USUFRUCT
russian_word: узуфрукт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːzjʊfrʌkt
phonetics_text: ˈjuːzjʊfrʌkt
definition:
the right to enjoy the use and advantages of another's property short of the destruction or waste of its substance.

origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin usufructus, from Latin usus (et) fructus ‘use (and) enjoyment’, from usus ‘a use’ + fructus ‘fruit’.


word: USURP
russian_word: узурпировать
example: Richard usurped the throne
definition: take (a position of power or importance) illegally or by force.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: jʊˈzəːp
phonetics_text: jʊˈzəːp|jʊˈsəːp
synonyms:
seize|take over|expropriate|take possession of|take|appropriate|steal|wrest|arrogate|commandeer|annex|assume|lay claim to

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘appropriate a right wrongfully’): from Old French usurper, from Latin usurpare ‘seize for use’.


word: USURY
russian_word: ростовщичество
example: the medieval prohibition on usury
definition: the action or practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of interest.
synonyms: extortionate moneylending|payday lending|loan-sharking|shylocking
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːʒ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈjuːʒ(ə)ri
origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French usurie, or from medieval Latin usuria, from Latin usura, from usus ‘a use’ (see use).


word: UTENSIL
russian_word: посуда
example: kitchen utensils
definition: a tool, container, or other article, especially for household use.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈtɛns(ə)l
phonetics_text: juːˈtɛns(ə)l
synonyms:
implement|tool|instrument|device|apparatus|gadget|appliance|machine|contrivance|contraption|mechanism|aid|gimmick|gizmo|hardware|equipment|gear|kit|tackle|paraphernalia|things|bits

origin:
late Middle English (denoting domestic implements or vessels collectively): from Old French utensile, from medieval Latin, neuter of Latin utensilis ‘usable’, from uti ‘to use’ (see use).


word: UTERINE
russian_word: утробный
example: uterine contractions
definition: relating to the uterus or womb.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈjuːtərɪn
phonetics_text: ˈjuːtərɪn|ˈjuːtərʌɪn
origin:
late Middle English: from uterus + -ine1, or, in the sense ‘born of the same mother’, from late Latin uterinus .


word: UTERUS
russian_word: матка
origin: Latin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːt(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈjuːt(ə)rəs
definition:
the organ in the lower body of a woman or female mammal where offspring are conceived and in which they gestate before birth; the womb.


word: UTILITARIAN
russian_word: утилитарный
example: a utilitarian building|a utilitarian theorist
antonyms: decorative
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: jʊˌtɪlɪˈtɛːrɪən
phonetics_text: jʊˌtɪlɪˈtɛːrɪən
definition:
designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive.|relating to or adhering to the doctrine of utilitarianism.

synonyms:
practical|functional|serviceable|useful|sensible|effective|efficient|(suited) to the purpose|pragmatic|realistic|utility|working|workaday|handy|neat|ordinary|down-to-earth|plain|unadorned|undecorative|unpretentious|unsentimental|soulless|hard-wearing|durable|lasting|long-lasting|tough|strong|robust|wear-resistant


word: UTILITY
russian_word: утилита
origin: late Middle English: from Old French utilite, from Latin utilitas, from utilis ‘useful’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: juːˈtɪlɪti
phonetics_text: juːˈtɪlɪti
example:
he had a poor opinion of the utility of book learning|a handy utility for converting one graphics file type to another

definition:
the state of being useful, profitable, or beneficial.|an organization supplying the community with electricity, gas, water, or sewerage.|a utility program.|a utility vehicle.

synonyms:
usefulness|use|advantage|benefit|value|help|helpfulness|profitability|convenience|practicality|effectiveness|efficacy|avail|service|serviceableness|advantageousness|feasibility|viability|workability|practicability|possibility|mileage


word: UTILIZE
russian_word: использовать
example: vitamin C helps your body utilize the iron present in your diet
definition: make practical and effective use of.
origin: early 19th century: from French utiliser, from Italian utilizzare, from utile (see utile1).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈjuːtɪlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈjuːtɪlʌɪz
synonyms:
make use of|put to use|use|employ|avail oneself of|have recourse to|resort to|look to|bring into service|press into service|take advantage of|exploit|milk|tap|turn to account|bring into play|bring into effective action|deploy


word: UTMOST
russian_word: все возможное
example: a matter of the utmost importance
definition: most extreme; greatest.
antonyms: least possible|very little
origin: Old English ūt(e)mest ‘outermost’ (see out, -most).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈʌtməʊst
phonetics_text: ˈʌtməʊst
synonyms:
greatest|maximum|greatest possible|highest|most|most extreme|greatest amount of|uttermost|maximal|extreme|supreme|paramount|superlative|enormous|major


word: UTOPIA
russian_word: утопия
example: misplaced faith in political utopias has led to ruin
definition: an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect.
antonyms: hell on earth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈtəʊpɪə
phonetics_text: juːˈtəʊpɪə
synonyms:
ideal place|paradise|heaven|heaven on earth|Eden|Garden of Eden|Shangri-La|Elysium|the Elysian Fields|Happy Valley|seventh heaven|idyll|nirvana|bliss|Arcadia|Arcady|Erewhon

origin:
mid 16th century: based on Greek ou ‘not’ + topos ‘place’; the word was first used in the book Utopia (1516) by Sir Thomas More.


word: UTOPIAN
russian_word: утопический
example: a utopian ideology
definition: modelled on or aiming for a state in which everything is perfect; idealistic.
antonyms: materialistic|real-life|realistic|practicable|down-to-earth
origin: mid 16th century: from utopia + -an.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: juːˈtəʊpɪən
phonetics_text: juːˈtəʊpɪən
synonyms:
unworldly|non-materialistic|non-material|immaterial|progressive|reforming|socialist|ideal|paradisal|heavenly|idyllic|blissful|divine|sublime|Elysian|perfect|Arcadian|Erewhonian|Edenic|paradisiacal|paradisaical|paradisical|idealistic|visionary|perfectionist|romantic|idealized|fairy-tale|quixotic|starry-eyed|fanciful|unrealistic|impracticable


word: UTOPIANISM
russian_word: утопизм
example: the political settlement was brought about by misguided utopianism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈtəʊpɪənɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: juːˈtəʊpɪənɪz(ə)m
definition:
the belief in or pursuit of a state in which everything is perfect, typically regarded as unrealistic or idealistic.


word: UTTER
russian_word: произнести
example: Charlotte stared at her in utter amazement
definition: complete; absolute.
antonyms: partial
origin: Old English ūtera, ūttra ‘outer’, comparative of ūt ‘out’; compare with outer.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈʌtə
phonetics_text: ˈʌtə
synonyms:
complete|total|absolute|thorough|perfect|downright|out-and-out|outright|thoroughgoing|all-out|sheer|positive|prize|rank|pure|dyed-in-the-wool|deep-dyed|real|veritable|consummate|categorical|unmitigated|unqualified|unadulterated|unalloyed|unconditional|unequivocal|full|unlimited|limitless|infinite|ultimate|right|proper|arrant


word: UTTERANCE
russian_word: высказывание
example: he whispered, as if to lend his utterances an added confidentiality
definition: a spoken word, statement, or vocal sound.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌt(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈʌt(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
remark|comment|word|expression|statement|observation|declaration|pronouncement|reflection|thought|opinion


word: UTTERLY
russian_word: крайне
example: he looked utterly ridiculous
definition: completely and without qualification; absolutely.
antonyms: partly|partially|somewhat
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈʌtəli
phonetics_text: ˈʌtəli
synonyms:
completely|totally|absolutely|entirely|wholly|fully|thoroughly|quite|altogether|one hundred per cent|downright|outright|unqualifiedly|in all respects|unconditionally|perfectly|implicitly|unrestrictedly|really|veritably|categorically|consummately|undisputedly|unmitigatedly|wholeheartedly|radically|stark|just|to the hilt|to the core|all the way|to the maximum extent|extremely|infinitely|unlimitedly|limitlessly|ultimately|clean|plumb|dead|bang|totes|bigly


word: UTTERMOST
russian_word: предельный
example: the uttermost parts of the earth
definition: furthest, greatest, or most extreme; utmost.
antonyms: least possible|very little
origin: late Middle English: from utter1 + -most.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈʌtəməʊst
phonetics_text: ˈʌtəməʊst
synonyms:
greatest|maximum|greatest possible|highest|most|most extreme|greatest amount of|maximal|extreme|supreme|paramount|superlative|enormous|major


word: UVEA
russian_word: сосудистая оболочка глазного яблока
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːvɪə
phonetics_text: ˈjuːvɪə
definition:
the pigmented layer of the eye, lying beneath the sclera and cornea, and comprising the iris, choroid, and ciliary body.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the choroid layer of the eye): from medieval Latin, from Latin uva ‘grape’.


word: UVULAR
russian_word: язычковый
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈjuːvjʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈjuːvjʊlə
definition:
(of a sound) articulated with the back of the tongue and the uvula, as r in French and q in Arabic.|relating to the uvula.


word: VACANCY
russian_word: вакансия
definition: an unoccupied position or job.|empty space.|lack of intelligence or understanding.
antonyms: intelligence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪk(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈveɪk(ə)nsi
example:
a vacancy for a shorthand typist|Cathy stared into vacancy, seeing nothing|vacancy, vanity, and inane deception

synonyms:
opening|position|vacant position|situation|situation vacant|post|job|day job|opportunity|job opportunity|placement|place|niche|slot|berth


word: VACANT
russian_word: свободный
example: 40 per cent of the offices are still vacant|a vacant stare
definition: (of a place) not occupied; empty.|having or showing no intelligence or interest.
antonyms: full|occupied|open
origin: Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin vacant- ‘remaining empty’, from the verb vacare .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈveɪk(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈveɪk(ə)nt
synonyms:
empty|unoccupied|unfilled|free|available|not in use|unused|unengaged|uninhabited|untenanted|tenantless|to let|for sale|on the market|abandoned|deserted|up for grabs


word: VACATE
russian_word: освобождать
definition: leave (a place that one previously occupied).|cancel or annul (a judgement, contract, or charge).
antonyms: occupy|inhabit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: veɪˈkeɪt
phonetics_text: veɪˈkeɪt|vəˈkeɪt
example:
rooms must be vacated by noon on the last day of your holiday|the Justices vacated a ruling by the federal appeals court

synonyms:
leave|get out of|move out of|evacuate|quit|go away from|depart from|exit from|withdraw from|pull out of|abandon|desert|relinquish|forsake

origin:
mid 17th century (as a legal term, also in the sense ‘make ineffective’): from Latin vacat- ‘left empty’, from the verb vacare .


word: VACATION
russian_word: отпуск
example: the Easter vacation|his marriage was the reason for the vacation of his fellowship
antonyms: occupation
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n|veɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a fixed holiday period between terms in universities and law courts.|the action of leaving something one previously occupied.

synonyms:
quitting|evacuation|abandonment|desertion|relinquishment|leaving|departure from|exit from|withdrawal from

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin vacatio(n- ), from vacare ‘be unoccupied’ (see vacate).


word: VACCINE
russian_word: вакцина
example: there is no vaccine against the virus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvaksiːn
phonetics_text: ˈvaksiːn|ˈvaksɪn
definition:
a substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases, prepared from the causative agent of a disease, its products, or a synthetic substitute, treated to act as an antigen without inducing the disease.

origin:
late 18th century: from Latin vaccinus, from vacca ‘cow’ (because of the early use of the cowpox virus against smallpox).


word: VACILLATE
russian_word: колебаться
example: I vacillated between teaching and journalism
definition: waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive.
antonyms: resolute
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvasɪleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvasɪleɪt
synonyms:
dither|be indecisive|be irresolute|be undecided|be uncertain|be unsure|be doubtful|waver|teeter|temporize|hesitate|oscillate|fluctuate|keep changing one's mind|haver|hum and haw|swither|dilly-dally|shilly-shally|blow hot and cold|irresolute|hesitant|tentative|dithering|wavering|teetering|fluctuating|ambivalent|divided|doubtful|unsure|uncertain|in two minds|undecided|indefinite|unresolved|undetermined|dilly-dallying|shilly-shallying|iffy|blowing hot and cold

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘sway unsteadily’): from Latin vacillat- ‘swayed’, from the verb vacillare .


word: VACILLATION
russian_word: шатание
example: the First Minister's vacillation over the affair
definition: the inability to decide between different opinions or actions; indecision.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vasɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vasɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
dithering|indecision|indecisiveness|irresoluteness|uncertainty|unsureness|doubt|wavering|teetering|temporization|hesitation|oscillation|fluctuation|inconstancy|havering|humming and hawing|swither|dilly-dallying|shilly-shallying|blowing hot and cold


word: VACUITY
russian_word: бессодержательность
example: he denounced what he considered the frivolity or vacuity of much contemporary painting
definition: lack of thought or intelligence; empty-headedness.|empty space; emptiness.
antonyms: intelligence|depth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈkjuːɪti
phonetics_text: vəˈkjuːɪti
synonyms:
empty-headedness|lack of thought|lack of intelligence|brainlessness|denseness|thickness|vacuousness|vacancy|inaneness|inanity|stupidity


word: VACUOLE
russian_word: вакуоль
origin: mid 19th century: from French, diminutive of Latin vacuus ‘empty’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvakjʊəʊl
phonetics_text: ˈvakjʊəʊl
definition:
a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.


word: VACUOUS
russian_word: пустой
example: a vacuous smile
definition: having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence; mindless.|empty.
antonyms: expressive|meaningful|thinking|intelligent
origin: mid 17th century (in the sense ‘empty of matter’): from Latin vacuus ‘empty’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvakjʊəs
phonetics_text: ˈvakjʊəs
synonyms:
blank|vacant|expressionless|deadpan|inscrutable|inexpressive|poker-faced|emotionless|impassive|absent|absent-minded|uninterested|empty|glassy|stony|wooden|motionless|lifeless|inanimate|empty-headed|unintelligent|without thought|brainless|dense|dull-witted|thick|inane|stupid|brain-dead


word: VACUUM CLEANER
russian_word: пылесос
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an electrical apparatus that by means of suction collects dust and small particles from floors and other surfaces.


word: VADE MECUM
russian_word: путеводитель
example: his book is an excellent vade mecum for writers
definition: a handbook or guide that is kept constantly at hand for consultation.
origin: early 17th century: modern Latin, literally ‘go with me’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɑːdi ˈmeɪkəm
phonetics_text: ˌvɑːdi ˈmeɪkəm|ˌveɪdi ˈmeɪkəm|ˌvɑːdi ˈmiːkəm|ˌveɪdi ˈmiːkəm
synonyms:
handbook|companion|manual|guide|guidebook|reference book|instruction book|ABC|primer|bible|enchiridion


word: VAGABOND
russian_word: бродяга
definition: a person who wanders from place to place without a home or job.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: ˈvaɡəbɒnd
phonetics_text: ˈvaɡəbɒnd
synonyms:
itinerant|wanderer|nomad|wayfarer|traveller|gypsy|rover|tramp|vagrant|drifter|transient|migrant|homeless person|derelict|beachcomber|down-and-out|beggar|knight of the road|bird of passage|rolling stone|hobo|bagman|knockabout|overlander|sundowner|whaler|bag lady|bum|bindlestiff|outie|derro

origin:
Middle English (originally denoting a criminal): from Old French, or from Latin vagabundus, from vagari ‘wander’.


word: VAGARY
russian_word: каприз
example: the vagaries of the weather
definition: an unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or in someone's behaviour.
origin: late 16th century (also as a verb in the sense ‘roam’): from Latin vagari ‘wander’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪɡ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈveɪɡ(ə)ri
synonyms:
quirk|idiosyncrasy|peculiarity|oddity|eccentricity|unpredictability|fluctuation|foible|whim|whimsy|notion|conceit|caprice|fancy|kink|crotchet|hang-up|thing|megrim|singularity


word: VAGINA
russian_word: влагалище
origin: late 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘sheath, scabbard’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈdʒʌɪnə
phonetics_text: vəˈdʒʌɪnə
definition:
the muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women and most female mammals.|a sheath formed round a stem by the base of a leaf.

synonyms:
vulva|front bottom|lady parts|cunt|pussy|twat|snatch|honeypot|punani|muff|tail|fanny|quim|minge|clunge|box|beaver|jelly roll|cooze|pum-pum


word: VAGINISMUS
russian_word: вагинизм
origin: mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Latin vagina (see vagina).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvadʒɪˈnɪzməs
phonetics_text: ˌvadʒɪˈnɪzməs
definition:
painful spasmodic contraction of the vagina in response to physical contact or pressure, especially during sexual intercourse.


word: VAGOTOMY
russian_word: ваготомия
example: some of these patients had had vagotomy in the past
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: veɪˈɡɒtəmi
phonetics_text: veɪˈɡɒtəmi
definition:
a surgical operation in which one or more branches of the vagus nerve are cut, typically to reduce the rate of gastric secretion (e.g. in treating peptic ulcers).


word: VAGRANT
russian_word: бродяга
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French vagarant ‘wandering about’, from the verb vagrer .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈveɪɡr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈveɪɡr(ə)nt
definition:
a person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place and lives by begging.

synonyms:
tramp|drifter|down-and-out|derelict|beggar|itinerant|wanderer|nomad|wayfarer|traveller|gypsy|rover|vagabond|transient|migrant|homeless person|beachcomber|knight of the road|bird of passage|rolling stone|hobo|bagman|knockabout|overlander|sundowner|whaler|streety|bag lady|bum|bindlestiff|outie|derro


word: VAGUE
russian_word: расплывчатый
example: many patients suffer vague symptoms
definition: of uncertain, indefinite, or unclear character or meaning.
antonyms: clear|precise|firm|sharpness
origin: mid 16th century: from French, or from Latin vagus ‘wandering, uncertain’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: veɪɡ
phonetics_text: veɪɡ
synonyms:
indistinct|indefinite|indeterminate|unclear|hazy|cloudy|fuzzy|misty|lacking definition|blurred|blurry|out of focus|murky|foggy|faint|shadowy|dim|obscure|nebulous|shapeless|formless|unformed|amorphous|nebulose|uncertain|undecided|yet to be decided|unsure|unsettled|unknown|unestablished|unconfirmed|unresolved|unascertained|pending|outstanding|in the balance|up in the air|speculative|absent-mindedness|forgetfulness|disorganization|dreaminess|inattention|abstraction|wool-gathering|empty-headedness|giddiness|confusion|befuddlement


word: VAGUELY
russian_word: неясно
example: he vaguely remembered talking to her once|he looked vaguely familiar
definition: in a way that is uncertain, indefinite or unclear; roughly.|slightly.
antonyms: exactly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈveɪɡli
phonetics_text: ˈveɪɡli
synonyms:
roughly|more or less|approximately|nearly|just about|practically|virtually|as near as dammit|for all practical purposes|to all intents and purposes|plus-minus|pretty much


word: VAGUENESS
russian_word: неопределенность
example: Sue worries about the vagueness of the plans
definition: lack of certainty or distinctness.
antonyms: sharpness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪɡnəs
phonetics_text: ˈveɪɡnəs
synonyms:
fuzziness|blurriness|indeterminateness|indefiniteness|lack of focus|lack of definition|obscurity|haziness|cloudiness|mistiness|murkiness|fogginess|faintness|shadowiness|dimness|nebulosity|nebulousness|shapelessness|formlessness|amorphousness


word: VAGUS
russian_word: блуждающий нерв
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin (see vague).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪɡəs
phonetics_text: ˈveɪɡəs
definition:
each of the tenth pair of cranial nerves, supplying the heart, lungs, upper digestive tract, and other organs of the chest and abdomen.


word: VAIL
russian_word: склонять
definition: take off or lower (one's hat or crown) as a token of respect or submission.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: veɪl
phonetics_text: veɪl
origin:
Middle English (originally in the sense ‘lower (one's eyes, weapon, banner, etc.) as a sign of submission’): shortening of obsolete avale, from Old French avaler ‘to lower’, from a val ‘down’ (literally ‘in the valley’).


word: VAIN
russian_word: тщеславный
example: their flattery made him vain|a vain attempt to tidy up the room
antonyms: modest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: veɪn
phonetics_text: veɪn
definition:
having or showing an excessively high opinion of one's appearance, abilities, or worth.|producing no result; useless.

synonyms:
conceited|narcissistic|self-loving|in love with oneself|self-admiring|self-regarding|wrapped up in oneself|self-absorbed|self-obsessed|self-centred|egotistic|egotistical|egoistic|egocentric|egomaniac|proud|haughty|arrogant|boastful|swaggering|imperious|overweening|cocky|affected|vainglorious|peacockish|think too highly of oneself|think a lot of oneself

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘devoid of real worth’): via Old French from Latin vanus ‘empty, without substance’.


word: VAINLY
russian_word: тщетно
example: I stared at myself vainly in the mirror|I was vainly trying to get to sleep
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈveɪnli
phonetics_text: ˈveɪnli
definition:
with an excessively high opinion of one's appearance, abilities, or worth.|in a way that produces no result; to no avail.


word: VALANCE
russian_word: балдахин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈval(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈval(ə)ns
definition:
a length of decorative drapery attached to the canopy or frame of a bed in order to screen the structure or the space beneath it.

origin:
late Middle English: perhaps Anglo-Norman French, from a shortened form of Old French avaler ‘descend’ (see vail).


word: VALENCY
russian_word: валентность
example: carbon always has a valency of 4
origin: early 17th century: from late Latin valentia ‘power, competence’, from valere ‘be well or strong’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪl(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈveɪl(ə)nsi
definition:
the combining power of an element, especially as measured by the number of hydrogen atoms it can displace or combine with.


word: VALENTINE
russian_word: Валентин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvaləntʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈvaləntʌɪn
definition:
a card sent, often anonymously, on St Valentine's Day, 14 February, to a person one loves or is attracted to.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a person chosen (sometimes by lot) as a sweetheart or special friend): from Old French Valentin, from Latin Valentinus .


word: VALERIAN
russian_word: валериана
definition: a Eurasian plant which typically bears clusters of small pink or white flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈlɪərɪən
phonetics_text: vəˈlɪərɪən
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French valeriane, from medieval Latin valeriana (herba ), apparently the feminine of Valerianus ‘of Valerius’ (a personal name).


word: VALET
russian_word: камердинер
example: he handed his keys to the parking valet
synonyms: manservant|man|personal attendant|gentleman's gentleman|Jeeves|valet de chambre|batman
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvalɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvalɪt|ˈvaleɪ
definition:
a man's personal male attendant, who is responsible for his clothes and appearance.|a person employed to clean or park cars.

origin:
late 15th century (denoting a footman acting as an attendant to a horseman): from French; related to vassal.


word: VALETUDINARIAN
russian_word: болезненный
definition: a person who is unduly anxious about their health.
synonyms: hypochondriac|neurotic|invalid|valetudinary|malade imaginaire|melancholico
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˌvalɪtjuːdɪˈnɛːrɪən
phonetics_text: ˌvalɪtjuːdɪˈnɛːrɪən
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin valetudinarius ‘in ill health’ (from valetudo ‘health’, from valere ‘be well’) + -an.


word: VALIANT
russian_word: доблестный
example: she made a valiant effort to hold her anger in check
definition: possessing or showing courage or determination.
antonyms: cowardly|irresolute
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvalɪənt
phonetics_text: ˈvalɪənt
synonyms:
brave|fearless|courageous|valorous|plucky|intrepid|heroic|stout-hearted|lionhearted|manly|manful|bold|daring|audacious|gallant|confident|spirited|stout|undaunted|dauntless|doughty|mettlesome|unalarmed|unflinching|unshrinking|unblenching|unabashed|undismayed|determined|stalwart|staunch|indomitable|resolute|steadfast|firm|unyielding|unbending|unfaltering|unswerving|unwavering|stubborn|dogged|rock-ribbed|game|gutsy|spunky|ballsy

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘robust, well-built’): from Old French vailant, based on Latin valere ‘be strong’.


word: VALID
russian_word: действительный
example: a valid criticism
definition: (of an argument or point) having a sound basis in logic or fact; reasonable or cogent.
origin: late 16th century: from French valide or Latin validus ‘strong’, from valere ‘be strong’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvalɪd
phonetics_text: ˈvalɪd
synonyms:
well founded|sound|well grounded|reasonable|rational|logical|justifiable|defensible|defendable|supportable|sustainable|maintainable|workable|arguable|able to hold water|plausible|telling|viable|bona fide|cogent|effective|powerful|convincing|credible|believable|substantial|forceful|strong|weighty|authoritative|reliable|vindicable


word: VALIDATE
russian_word: утверждать
example: all analytical methods should be validated in respect of accuracy
definition: check or prove the validity or accuracy of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvalɪdeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvalɪdeɪt
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘make legally valid’): from medieval Latin validat- ‘made legally valid’, from the verb validare, from Latin validus (see valid).


word: VALIDITY
russian_word: срок действия
example: one might question the validity of our data
definition: the quality of being logically or factually sound; soundness or cogency.
antonyms: invalidity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈlɪdɪti
phonetics_text: vəˈlɪdɪti
synonyms:
soundness|reasonableness|rationality|logic|justifiability|defensibility|sustainability|plausibility|viability|bona fides|effectiveness|cogency|power|credibility|believability|force|strength|weight|foundation|substance|substantiality|authority|reliability


word: VALISE
russian_word: чемодан
definition: a small travelling bag or suitcase.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈliːz
phonetics_text: vəˈliːz
origin:
early 17th century: from French, from Italian valigia ; compare with medieval Latin valesia, of unknown origin.


word: VALKYRIE
russian_word: валькирия
origin: from Old Norse Valkyrja, literally ‘chooser of the slain’, from valr ‘the slain’ + kyrja ‘chooser’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: valˈkɪəri
phonetics_text: valˈkɪəri|ˈvalkɪri
definition:
each of Odin's twelve handmaids who conducted the slain warriors of their choice from the battlefield to Valhalla.


word: VALLEY
russian_word: долина
example: the Thames Valley
origin: Middle English: from Old French valee, based on Latin vallis, valles ; compare with vale1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvali
phonetics_text: ˈvali
definition:
a low area of land between hills or mountains, typically with a river or stream flowing through it.|an internal angle formed by the intersecting planes of a roof, or by the slope of a roof and a wall.

synonyms:
dale|vale|hollow|depression|hole|basin|gully|gorge|pass|ravine|canyon|rift|gap|combe|slade|dene|clough|glen|strath|nullah|kloof|vega|wadi|dell|dingle


word: VALOUR
russian_word: доблесть
example: the medals are awarded for acts of valour
definition: great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
antonyms: cowardice
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvalə
phonetics_text: ˈvalə
synonyms:
bravery|courage|fearlessness|courageousness|braveness|intrepidity|intrepidness|pluck|pluckiness|nerve|backbone|spine|heroism|stout-heartedness|manliness|manfulness|audacity|boldness|gallantry|daring|spirit|fortitude|mettle|dauntlessness|doughtiness|hardihood|guts|spunk|bottle|ballsiness|cojones|sand|moxie|balls

origin:
Middle English (denoting worth derived from personal qualities or rank): via Old French from late Latin valor, from valere ‘be strong’.


word: VALUE
russian_word: значение
origin: Middle English: from Old French, feminine past participle of valoir ‘be worth’, from Latin valere .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvaljuː
phonetics_text: ˈvaljuː
example:
your support is of great value|they internalize their parents' rules and values|the mean value of x|the artist has used adjacent colour values as the landscape recedes

definition:
the regard that something is held to deserve; the importance, worth, or usefulness of something.|principles or standards of behaviour; one's judgement of what is important in life.|the numerical amount denoted by an algebraic term; a magnitude, quantity, or number.|the relative duration of the sound signified by a note.|the meaning of a word or other linguistic unit.|the relative degree of lightness or darkness of a particular colour.

synonyms:
merit|worth|usefulness|use|utility|practicality|advantage|desirability|benefit|gain|profit|good|service|help|helpfulness|assistance|effectiveness|efficacy|avail|importance|significance|point|sense|mileage


word: VALUELESS
russian_word: бесполезный
example: cherished but valueless heirlooms
definition: having no value; worthless.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvaljʊləs
phonetics_text: ˈvaljʊləs
synonyms:
worthless|of no (financial) value|of little/negligible value|trifling|inferior|substandard|second-rate|third-rate|poor-quality|low-quality|low-grade|cheap|shoddy|trashy|tawdry|gimcrack|twopenny-halfpenny|Brummagem|would fetch nothing|rubbishy|pointless|useless|to no purpose|(of) no use|unprofitable|profitless|futile|vain|in vain|to no avail|to no effect|fruitless|senseless|unproductive|purposeless|idle|ineffective|unavailing|nugatory|unrewarding|thankless|bootless


word: VALVE
russian_word: клапан
example: a valve shuts off the flow from the boiler when the water is hot enough
origin: late Middle English (denoting a leaf of a folding or double door): from Latin valva .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: valv
phonetics_text: valv
definition:
a device for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe, duct, etc., especially an automatic device allowing movement in one direction only.|each of the halves of the hinged shell of a bivalve mollusc or brachiopod, or of the parts of the compound shell of a barnacle.


word: VAMP
russian_word: вамп
example: the title track has an overlong vamp|heavy lace-ups with basket weave in the vamp
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vamp
phonetics_text: vamp
definition:
(in jazz and popular music) a short, simple introductory passage, usually repeated several times until otherwise instructed.|the upper front part of a boot or shoe.

origin:
Middle English (denoting the foot of a stocking): shortening of Old French avantpie, from avant ‘before’ + pie ‘foot’. The musical sense of the verb developed from the general sense ‘improvise’.


word: VAMPIRE
russian_word: вампир
origin: mid 18th century: from French, from Hungarian vampir, perhaps from Turkish uber ‘witch’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvampʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈvampʌɪə
definition:
(in European folklore) a corpse supposed to leave its grave at night to drink the blood of the living by biting their necks with long pointed canine teeth.|a small bat that feeds on the blood of mammals or birds using its two sharp incisor teeth and anticoagulant saliva, found mainly in tropical America.|(in a theatre) a small spring trapdoor used for sudden disappearances from a stage.


word: VAN
russian_word: фургон
example: delivery vans can't pull in and are holding up the traffic behind them
origin: early 19th century: shortening of caravan.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: van
phonetics_text: van
definition:
a medium-sized motor vehicle, typically without side windows in the rear part, for transporting goods.


word: VANADINITE
russian_word: ванадинит
origin: mid 19th century: from vanadium + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈnadɪnʌɪt
phonetics_text: vəˈnadɪnʌɪt
definition:
a rare reddish-brown mineral consisting of a vanadate and chloride of lead, typically occurring as an oxidation product of lead ores.


word: VANADIUM
russian_word: ванадий
origin: mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Old Norse Vanadis (a name of the Scandinavian goddess Freya).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈneɪdɪəm
phonetics_text: vəˈneɪdɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 23, a hard grey metal of the transition series, used to make alloy steels.


word: VANDAL
russian_word: вандал
example: the rear window of the car was smashed by vandals
origin: from Latin Vandalus, of Germanic origin. vandal (sense 1) dates from the mid 17th century.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvand(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvand(ə)l
definition:
a person who deliberately destroys or damages property belonging to others.|a member of a Germanic people that ravaged Gaul, Spain, Rome (455), and North Africa in the 4th–5th centuries.

synonyms:
hooligan|hoodlum|thug|lout|delinquent|ruffian|rowdy|troublemaker|tearaway|tough|rough|bruiser|roughneck|bovver boy|lager lout|chav|hoodie|hood|goon|keelie|ned|roughie|hoon


word: VANDYKE
russian_word: кружевной воротник с зубцами
example: with his moustache and Vandyke he is practically unrecognizable
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: vanˈdʌɪk
phonetics_text: vanˈdʌɪk
definition:
a broad lace or linen collar with an edge deeply cut into large points (in imitation of a style frequently depicted in portraits by Sir Anthony Van Dyck), fashionable in the 18th century.|a neat, pointed beard.


word: VANE
russian_word: флюгер
origin: late Middle English: dialect variant of obsolete fane ‘banner’, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: veɪn
phonetics_text: veɪn
definition:
a broad blade attached to a rotating axis or wheel which pushes or is pushed by wind or water and forms part of a machine or device such as a windmill, propeller, or turbine.


word: VANG
russian_word: Ванг
definition: each of two guy ropes running from the end of a gaff to the deck.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vaŋ
phonetics_text: vaŋ
origin:
mid 18th century: variant of obsolete fang, denoting a gripping device, from Old Norse fang ‘grasp’, of Germanic origin.


word: VANGUARD
russian_word: авангард
example: the experimental spirit of the modernist vanguard
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvanɡɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈvanɡɑːd
definition:
a group of people leading the way in new developments or ideas.|the foremost part of an advancing army or naval force.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the foremost part of an army): shortening of Old French avan(t)garde, from avant ‘before’ + garde ‘guard’.


word: VANILLA
russian_word: ваниль
example: vanilla ice cream
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: vəˈnɪlə
phonetics_text: vəˈnɪlə
definition:
a substance obtained from vanilla pods or produced artificially and used to flavour foods or to impart a fragrant scent to cosmetic preparations.|a tropical climbing orchid that has fragrant flowers and long podlike fruit.

origin:
mid 17th century: from Spanish vainilla ‘pod’, diminutive of vaina ‘sheath, pod’, from Latin vagina ‘sheath’. The spelling change was due to association with French vanille .


word: VANISH
russian_word: исчезать
example: Moira vanished without trace
definition: disappear suddenly and completely.|become zero.
antonyms: appear|materialize
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvanɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈvanɪʃ
synonyms:
disappear|vanish into thin air|be lost to sight/view|be/become invisible|evaporate|dissipate|disperse|fade|fade away|melt away|evanesce|recede from view|withdraw|depart|leave|go away

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French e(s)vaniss-, lengthened stem of e(s)vanir, from Latin evanescere ‘die away’.


word: VANITY
russian_word: тщеславие
example: it flattered his vanity to think I was in love with him|the vanity of human wishes
antonyms: modesty
origin: Middle English: from Old French vanite, from Latin vanitas, from vanus ‘empty’ (see vain).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvanɪti
phonetics_text: ˈvanɪti
definition:
excessive pride in or admiration of one's own appearance or achievements.|the quality of being worthless or futile.|a dressing table.

synonyms:
conceit|conceitedness|self-conceit|narcissism|self-love|self-admiration|self-regard|self-absorption|self-obsession|self-centredness|egotism|egoism|egocentrism|egomania|pride|haughtiness|arrogance|boastfulness|swagger|imperiousness|cockiness|pretension|affectation|airs|show|ostentation|vainglory|braggadocio


word: VANQUISH
russian_word: побеждать
example: he successfully vanquished his rival
definition: defeat thoroughly.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvaŋkwɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈvaŋkwɪʃ
synonyms:
conquer|defeat (utterly)|beat (hollow)|trounce|annihilate|triumph over|win a resounding victory over|be victorious over|best|get the better of|worst|bring someone to their knees|overcome|overwhelm|subdue|subjugate|put down|quell|quash|crush|repress|rout|lick|hammer|clobber|thrash|paste|pound|pulverize|crucify|demolish|destroy|drub|give someone a drubbing|cane|wipe the floor with|walk all over|give someone a hiding|take to the cleaners|blow someone out of the water|make mincemeat of|murder|massacre|slaughter|flatten|turn inside out|tank|stuff|blow out|cream|shellac|skunk|slam|own

origin:
Middle English: from Old French vencus, venquis (past participle and past tense of veintre ), vainquiss- (lengthened stem of vainquir ), from Latin vincere ‘conquer’.


word: VANTAGE
russian_word: преимущество
example: from my vantage point I could see into the front garden
definition: a place or position affording a good view of something.
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, shortening of Old French avantage ‘advantage’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɑːntɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈvɑːntɪdʒ
synonyms:
point of view|viewpoint|standpoint|stance|stand|view|opinion|position|way of thinking|frame of mind|outlook|perspective|angle|slant


word: VAPID
russian_word: пресный
example: tuneful but vapid musical comedies
definition: offering nothing that is stimulating or challenging; bland.
antonyms: lively|colourful|exciting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvapɪd
phonetics_text: ˈvapɪd
synonyms:
insipid|uninspired|colourless|uninteresting|feeble|flat|dead|dull|boring|tedious|tired|unexciting|uninspiring|unimaginative|lifeless|zestless|spiritless|sterile|anaemic|tame|bloodless|jejune|vacuous|bland|stale|trite|pallid|wishy-washy|watery|tasteless|milk-and-water|flavourless

origin:
mid 17th century (used originally in description of drinks as ‘lacking in flavour’): from Latin vapidus .


word: VAPORIZER
russian_word: испаритель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪpərʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ˈveɪpərʌɪzə
definition:
a device that generates a particular substance in the form of vapour, especially for medicinal inhalation.


word: VAPOUR
russian_word: пар
example: dense clouds of smoke and toxic vapour|a fit of the vapours
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈveɪpə
phonetics_text: ˈveɪpə
definition:
a substance diffused or suspended in the air, especially one normally liquid or solid.|a sudden feeling of faintness or nervousness or a state of depression.

synonyms:
haze|mist|spray|steam|water vapour|condensation|smoke|fumes|exhalation|fog|smog|murk|cloud|cloudiness|drizzle|dampness|humidity|mistiness|Scotch mist|clag

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin vapor ‘steam, heat’. The current verb sense dates from the early 17th century.


word: VAPOURWARE
russian_word: подвохе
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪpəwɛː
phonetics_text: ˈveɪpəwɛː
definition:
software or hardware that has been advertised but is not yet available to buy, either because it is only a concept or because it is still being written or designed.


word: VARIABLE
russian_word: переменная
example: the quality of hospital food is highly variable|the drill has variable speed
definition: not consistent or having a fixed pattern; liable to change.|able to be changed or adapted.
antonyms: constant|uniform
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin variabilis, from variare (see vary).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
changeable|changing|varying|shifting|fluctuating|irregular|wavering|vacillating|inconstant|inconsistent|fluid|floating|unsteady|uneven|unstable|unsettled|movable|mutable|protean|chameleonic|unfixed|fitful|capricious|temperamental|fickle|kaleidoscopic|volatile|unpredictable|undependable|unreliable|up and down|blowing hot and cold|peaky|changeful|variational


word: VARIANCE
russian_word: дисперсия
example: her light tone was at variance with her sudden trembling
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin variantia ‘difference’, from the verb variare (see vary).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪəns
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪəns
definition:
the fact or quality of being different, divergent, or inconsistent.|an official dispensation from a rule or regulation, typically a building regulation.

synonyms:
difference|variation|discrepancy|dissimilarity|disagreement|conflict|divergence|deviation|contrast|distinction|contradiction|imbalance|incongruity|inconsistent|at odds|not in keeping|out of keeping|out of line|out of step|in opposition|conflicting|clashing|disagreeing|in disagreement|differing|contrary|incompatible|contradictory|irreconcilable|incongruous|discrepant


word: VARIANT
russian_word: вариант
example: clinically distinct variants of malaria
antonyms: standard form|identical form|standard|identical
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪənt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪənt
definition:
a form or version of something that differs in some respect from other forms of the same thing or from a standard.

synonyms:
variation|form|alternative|alternative form|other form|different form|derived form|development|adaptation|alteration|modification|revision|revised version|transformation|permutation|transfiguration|metamorphosis|mutant|deviant|rogue|aberration|other|different|divergent|disparate|derived|adapted|modified|revised|altered|aberrant

origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective in the sense ‘tending to vary’): from Old French, literally ‘varying’, present participle of varier (see vary). The noun dates from the mid 19th century.


word: VARIATE
russian_word: мерный
origin: late 19th century: from Latin variatus ‘diversified’, past participle of variare (see vary).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪət
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪət
definition:
a quantity having a numerical value for each member of a group, especially one whose values occur according to a frequency distribution.


word: VARIATION
russian_word: изменение
example: regional variations in house prices|hurling is an Irish variation of hockey
antonyms: constant|uniformity|standardization
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛːrɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɛːrɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a change or slight difference in condition, amount, or level, typically within certain limits.|a different or distinct form or version of something.

synonyms:
difference|dissimilarity|disparity|inequality|contrast|discrepancy|imbalance|dissimilitude|differential|distinction|change|alteration|modification|varying|variety|variability|diversification|deviation|variance|divergence|departure|fluctuation|tolerance

origin:
late Middle English (denoting variance or conflict): from Old French, or from Latin variatio(n- ), from the verb variare (see vary).


word: VARICOSE
russian_word: варикозный
example: varicose veins
origin: late Middle English: from Latin varicosus, from varix (see varix).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvarɪkəʊs
phonetics_text: ˈvarɪkəʊs|ˈvarɪkəs|ˈvarɪkəʊz
definition:
(of a vein, especially in the leg) swollen, twisted, and lengthened, as a result of poor circulation.


word: VARIED
russian_word: разнообразный
example: the phenomena were very varied
definition: incorporating a number of different types or elements; showing variation or variety.
antonyms: uniform
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪd
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪd
synonyms:
diverse|assorted|diversified|differing|miscellaneous|mixed|motley|sundry|jumbled|haphazard|heterogeneous|manifold|wide-ranging|disparate|variegated|multifarious


word: VARIEGATED
russian_word: пестрый
example: variegated yellow bricks
definition: exhibiting different colours, especially as irregular patches or streaks.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪəɡeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪəɡeɪtɪd
origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin variegat- ‘made varied’ (from the verb variegare, from varius ‘diverse’) + -ed2.


word: VARIETAL
russian_word: сортовой
example: the pure varietal character of the grape|varietal names
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: vəˈrʌɪət(ə)l
phonetics_text: vəˈrʌɪət(ə)l
definition:
(of a wine or grape) made from or belonging to a single specified variety of grape.|relating to or forming a variety.


word: VARIETY
russian_word: разнообразие
example: it's the variety that makes my job so enjoyable
antonyms: uniformity
origin: late 15th century: from French variété or Latin varietas, from varius (see various).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈrʌɪəti
phonetics_text: vəˈrʌɪəti
definition:
the quality or state of being different or diverse; the absence of uniformity or monotony.|a taxonomic category that ranks below subspecies (where present) or species, its members differing from others of the same subspecies or species in minor but permanent or heritable characteristics. Varieties are more often recognized in botany, in which they are designated in the style Apium graveolens var. dulce.

synonyms:
diversity|variation|diversification|multifariousness|heterogeneity|variegation|many-sidedness|change|difference


word: VARIFOCAL
russian_word: с переменным фокусным расстоянием
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌvɛːrɪˈfəʊk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌvɛːrɪˈfəʊk(ə)l
definition:
denoting a lens that allows an infinite number of focusing distances for near, intermediate, and far vision.


word: VARIOMETER
russian_word: вариометр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛːrɪˈɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌvɛːrɪˈɒmɪtə
definition:
a device for indicating an aircraft's rate of climb or descent.|an inductor whose total inductance can be varied by altering the relative position of two coaxial coils connected in series, or by permeability tuning, and so usable to tune an electric circuit.|an instrument for measuring variations in the intensity of the earth's magnetic field.


word: VARIORUM
russian_word: издание с примечаниями различных комментаторов
definition: (of an edition of an author's works) having notes by various editors or commentators.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌvɛːrɪˈɔːrəm
phonetics_text: ˌvɛːrɪˈɔːrəm
origin:
early 18th century: genitive plural of varius ‘diverse’, from Latin editio cum notis variorum ‘edition with notes by various (commentators)’.


word: VARIOUS
russian_word: различный
example: various people arrived late
definition: more than one; several.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin varius ‘changing, diverse’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: determiner|adjective|pronoun
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪəs
synonyms:
numerous|many|several|copious|abundant|profuse|countless|innumerable|large number of|multiplicity of


word: VARIX
russian_word: варикозно расширенный сосуд
origin: late Middle English: from Latin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛːrɪks
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːrɪks
definition:
a varicose vein.|each of the ridges on the shell of a gastropod mollusc, marking a former position of the aperture.


word: VARLET
russian_word: слуга
definition: a man or boy acting as an attendant or servant.|a dishonest or unprincipled man.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɑːlɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɑːlɪt
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, variant of valet ‘attendant’ (see valet). The sense ‘rogue’ dates from the mid 16th century.


word: VARNISH
russian_word: лак
example: several coats of varnish
synonyms: lacquer|lac|shellac|japan|enamel|glaze|polish|oil|resin|wax
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɑːnɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈvɑːnɪʃ
definition:
resin dissolved in a liquid for applying on wood, metal, or other materials to form a hard, clear, shiny surface when dry.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French vernis, from medieval Latin veronix ‘fragrant resin, sandarac’ or medieval Greek berenikē, probably from Berenice, a town in Cyrenaica.


word: VARVE
russian_word: донные отложения
origin: early 20th century; from Swedish varv ‘layer’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɑːv
phonetics_text: vɑːv
definition:
a pair of thin layers of clay and silt of contrasting colour and texture which represent the deposit of a single year (summer and winter) in a lake. Such layers can be measured to determine the chronology of glacial sediments.


word: VARY
russian_word: меняться
example: the properties vary in price
definition: differ in size, amount, degree, or nature from something else of the same general class.
antonyms: agree|be static
origin: Middle English: from Old French varier or Latin variare, from varius ‘diverse’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɛːri
phonetics_text: ˈvɛːri
synonyms:
differ|be different|be unlike|be dissimilar|range|extend|stretch|reach|cover|go|run|pass|fluctuate|rise and fall|go up and down|change|alter|shift|swing|waver|oscillate|see-saw|yo-yo


word: VASCULUM
russian_word: сосуд малых размеров
origin: late 18th century: from Latin, diminutive of vas ‘vessel’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvaskjʊləm
phonetics_text: ˈvaskjʊləm
definition:
a container used by botanists when collecting plants, typically in the form of a flattened cylindrical metal case with a lengthwise opening, carried by a shoulder strap.


word: VASE
russian_word: ваза
origin: late Middle English: from French, from Latin vas ‘vessel’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɑːz
phonetics_text: vɑːz
definition:
a decorative container without handles, typically made of glass or china and used as an ornament or for displaying cut flowers.


word: VASECTOMY
russian_word: вазэктомия
example: he couldn't have made Caroline pregnant, because he'd had a vasectomy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈsɛktəmi
phonetics_text: vəˈsɛktəmi
definition:
the surgical cutting and sealing of part of each vas deferens, typically as a means of sterilization.


word: VASOPRESSIN
russian_word: вазопрессин
origin: 1920s: blend of vasopressor and -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌveɪzəʊˈprɛsɪn
phonetics_text: ˌveɪzəʊˈprɛsɪn
definition:
a pituitary hormone which acts to promote the retention of water by the kidneys and increase blood pressure.


word: VASOVAGAL
russian_word: вазовагальный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌveɪzəʊˈveɪɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌveɪzəʊˈveɪɡ(ə)l
definition:
relating to or denoting a temporary fall in blood pressure, with pallor, fainting, sweating, and nausea, caused by overactivity of the vagus nerve, especially as a result of stress.


word: VASSAL
russian_word: вассал
definition: a holder of land by feudal tenure on conditions of homage and allegiance.
antonyms: freeman|lord
synonyms: villein|liege|liegeman|man|bondsman|vavasour|serf|helot|slave|thrall|subject
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvas(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvas(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin vassallus ‘retainer’, of Celtic origin; compare with vavasour.


word: VAST
russian_word: огромный
example: a vast plain full of orchards
definition: of very great extent or quantity; immense.
antonyms: tiny
origin: late Middle English: from Latin vastus ‘void, immense’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: vɑːst
phonetics_text: vɑːst
synonyms:
huge|extensive|expansive|broad|wide|boundless|immeasurable|limitless|infinite|enormous|gigantic|very big|very large|great|giant|massive|colossal|mammoth|immense|tremendous|mighty|stupendous|monumental|epic|prodigious|mountainous|monstrous|titanic|towering|elephantine|king-sized|king-size|gargantuan|Herculean|Brobdingnagian|substantial|hefty|bulky|weighty|heavy|gross|mega|monster|whopping|whopping great|thumping|thumping great|humongous|jumbo|hulking|bumper|astronomical|astronomic|whacking|whacking great|ginormous


word: VAT
russian_word: НДС
example: a vat of hot tar
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vat
phonetics_text: vat
definition:
a large tank or tub used to hold liquid, especially in industry.|a water-insoluble dye, such as indigo, that is applied to a fabric in a reducing bath which converts it to a soluble form, the colour being obtained on subsequent oxidation in the fabric fibres.

synonyms:
tub|tank|cistern|bin|drum|canister|basin|steeper|boiler|vessel|receptacle|container|holder|storage chamber|repository|reservoir|barrel|butt|cask|keg|tun|kid|kier|keeve

origin:
Middle English: southern and western dialect variant of obsolete fat  ‘container’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vat and German Fass .


word: VATICINATE
russian_word: предсказывать
example: he vaticinated a period of peace for the continent
definition: foretell the future.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vaˈtɪsɪneɪt
phonetics_text: vaˈtɪsɪneɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin vaticinat- ‘prophesied’, from the verb vaticinari, from vates ‘prophet’.


word: VAUDEVILLE
russian_word: водевиль
example: his comedic roots are in vaudeville
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɔːdəvɪl
phonetics_text: ˈvɔːdəvɪl
definition:
a type of entertainment popular chiefly in the US in the early 20th century, featuring a mixture of speciality acts such as burlesque comedy and song and dance.

origin:
mid 18th century: from French, earlier vau de ville (or vire ), said to be a name given originally to songs composed by Olivier Basselin, a 15th-century fuller born in Vau de Vire in Normandy.


word: VAULT
russian_word: хранилище
example: a Gothic ribbed vault|a wine vault
synonyms: arched roof|arched ceiling|dome|arch
origin: Middle English: from Old French voute, based on Latin volvere ‘to roll’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɔːlt
phonetics_text: vɔːlt
definition:
a roof in the form of an arch or a series of arches, typical of churches and other large, formal buildings.|a large room or chamber used for storage, especially an underground one.


word: VAUNT
russian_word: превозносить
example: he was initially vaunted by the West for his leadership of the country
definition: boast about or praise (something), especially excessively.
antonyms: criticized|unsung
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: vɔːnt
phonetics_text: vɔːnt
synonyms:
acclaim|esteem|revere|extol|celebrate|boast about|brag about|make much of|crow about|gloat over|give oneself airs about|exult in|parade|flaunt|show off|flourish|show off about|flash|laud|acclaimed|celebrated|admired|highly rated|lionized|revered|honoured|esteemed|exalted|lauded|extolled|flaunted|touted|well thought of|well received|acknowledged|eminent|great|distinguished|prestigious|illustrious|pre-eminent|venerable|august|estimable|of note|noted|notable|of repute|of high standing|considerable|famous|renowned|well known

origin:
late Middle English: the noun a shortening of obsolete avaunt  ‘boasting, a boast’; the verb (originally in the sense ‘use boastful language’) from Old French vanter, from late Latin vantare, based on Latin vanus ‘vain, empty’.


word: VAVASOUR
russian_word: подвассал
definition: a vassal owing allegiance to a great lord and having other vassals under him.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvavəsʊə
phonetics_text: ˈvavəsʊə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French vavas(s)our, from medieval Latin vavassor, perhaps from vassus vassorum ‘vassal of vassals’.


word: VECTOR
russian_word: вектор
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin, literally ‘carrier’, from vehere ‘convey’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɛktə
phonetics_text: ˈvɛktə
definition:
a quantity having direction as well as magnitude, especially as determining the position of one point in space relative to another.|an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another.|a course to be taken by an aircraft.


word: VECTORIAL
russian_word: векторный
example: a unidirectional vectorial orientation|methods to reduce vectorial capacity of mosquitoes
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɛkˈtɔːrɪəl
phonetics_text: vɛkˈtɔːrɪəl
definition:
relating to a vector.|relating to the transmission of a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another.


word: VECTORIZE
russian_word: векторизовать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɛktərʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈvɛktərʌɪz
example:
the following example shows how we'd go about vectorizing the algorithm|this map was vectorized into a graphic image

definition:
represent as or transform into a vector.|represent (an image) using lines to construct the outlines of objects.


word: VEDETTE
russian_word: торпедный катер
example: he's now a big-time TV vedette
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈdɛt
phonetics_text: vɪˈdɛt
definition:
a mounted sentry positioned beyond an army's outposts to observe the movements of the enemy.|a leading star of stage, screen, or television.

origin:
late 17th century: from French, literally ‘scout’, from an alteration of southern Italian veletta, perhaps based on Spanish velar ‘keep watch’.


word: VEENA
russian_word: Вина
origin: Sanskrit vīṇā .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈviːnə
phonetics_text: ˈviːnə
definition:
an Indian stringed instrument, with four main and three auxiliary strings. The southern type has a lute-like body; the older northern type has a tubular body and a gourd fitted to each end as a resonator.


word: VEER
russian_word: травить
example: an oil tanker that had veered off course
definition: change direction suddenly.
origin: late 16th century: from French virer, perhaps from an alteration of Latin gyrare (see gyrate).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: vɪə
phonetics_text: vɪə
synonyms:
swerve|career|skew|swing|sheer|weave|wheel|change direction|change course|go off course|deviate|be deflected|diverge|turn (aside)|branch off|curve|twist|bend|curl|incline|swivel|zigzag|tack|divagate


word: VEGAN
russian_word: строгий вегетарианец
example: I'm a strict vegan
origin: 1940s: from veg- in vegetarian + -an.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈviːɡ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈviːɡ(ə)n
definition:
a person who does not eat any food derived from animals and who typically does not use other animal products.


word: VEGANISM
russian_word: строгое вегетарианство
example: he believes the rise of veganism is raising awareness about animal cruelty
origin: 1940s: from vegan + -ism.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈviːɡ(ə)nɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈviːɡ(ə)nɪz(ə)m
definition:
the practice of eating only food not derived from animals and typically of avoiding the use of other animal products.


word: VEGETABLE
russian_word: овощной
example: fresh fruit and vegetables|I thought I'd sort of flop back and be a vegetable for a bit
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛdʒtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛdʒtəb(ə)l|ˈvɛdʒɪtəb(ə)l
definition:
a plant or part of a plant used as food, such as a cabbage, potato, turnip, or bean.|a person with a dull or inactive life.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘growing as a plant’): from Old French, or from late Latin vegetabilis ‘animating’, from Latin vegetare (see vegetate). The noun dates from the late 16th century.


word: VEGETAL
russian_word: растительный
example: a vegetal aroma|vegetal cells
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛdʒɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛdʒɪt(ə)l
definition:
relating to plants.|relating to that pole of the ovum or embryo that contains the less active cytoplasm, and frequently most of the yolk, in the early stages of development.

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin vegetalis, from Latin vegetare ‘animate’. vegetal (sense 2) dates from the early 20th century.


word: VEGETARIAN
russian_word: вегетарианец
origin: mid 19th century: formed irregularly from vegetable + -arian.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: vɛdʒɪˈtɛːrɪən
phonetics_text: vɛdʒɪˈtɛːrɪən
definition:
a person who does not eat meat or fish, and sometimes other animal products, especially for moral, religious, or health reasons.


word: VEGETATE
russian_word: прозябать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt
example:
if she left him alone, he'd sit in front of the television and vegetate|he advised that seeds be sent in a vegetating condition

definition:
live or spend a period of time in a dull, inactive, unchallenging way.|(of a plant or seed) grow; sprout.

synonyms:
do nothing|idle|be inactive|languish|laze (about)|laze (around)|lounge (about)|lounge (around)|loll (about)|loll (around)|loaf (about)|loaf (around)|slouch (about)|slouch (around)|go to seed|degenerate|moulder|stagnate|hang around|hang about|hang round|veg out|mooch about|mooch around|slummock|bum around|bat around|lollygag

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin vegetat- ‘enlivened’, from the verb vegetare, from vegetus ‘active’, from vegere ‘be active’.


word: VEGETATION
russian_word: растительность
example: the chalk cliffs are mainly sheer with little vegetation
synonyms: plants|plant life|flora|greenery|foliage|herbage|verdure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛdʒɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɛdʒɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
plants considered collectively, especially those found in a particular area or habitat.|the action or process of vegetating.

origin:
mid 16th century (in vegetation (sense 2)): from medieval Latin vegetatio(n- ) ‘power of growth’, from the verb vegetare (see vegetate).


word: VEGETATIVE
russian_word: вегетативный
example: vegetative spores|diverse vegetative types
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv|ˈvɛdʒɪteɪtɪv
definition:
relating to or denoting reproduction or propagation achieved by asexual means, either naturally (budding, rhizomes, runners, bulbs, etc.) or artificially (grafting, layering, or taking cuttings).|relating to vegetation or plant life.|(of a person) alive but comatose and without apparent brain activity or responsiveness.

origin:
late Middle English (in vegetative (sense 2)): from Old French vegetatif, -ive or medieval Latin vegetativus (see vegetate).


word: VEGGIE
russian_word: вегетарианец
definition: a vegetable.|a vegetarian.
origin: early 20th century: abbreviation.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛdʒi
phonetics_text: ˈvɛdʒi
example:
eat a balanced diet of fruits and veggies, whole grains, fish, and a little meat|stall upon stall of octopus, eel, tuna, and every other fish under the sea was too much for the veggies of the group


word: VEHEMENCE
russian_word: горячность
example: the vehemence of his reaction
definition: great forcefulness or intensity of feeling or expression.
antonyms: mildness|apathy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈviːɪm(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈviːɪm(ə)ns
synonyms:
passion|force|forcefulness|ardour|fervour|spirit|spiritedness|urgency|strength|forcibleness|emphasis|vigour|intensity|violence|earnestness|eagerness|keenness|enthusiasm|zeal|zealousness|fanaticism|vociferousness|outspokenness|forthrightness|insistence


word: VEHEMENT
russian_word: неистовый
example: her voice was low but vehement
definition: showing strong feeling; forceful, passionate, or intense.
antonyms: mild|apathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈviːɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈviːɪm(ə)nt
synonyms:
passionate|forceful|ardent|impassioned|heated|spirited|urgent|fervent|fervid|strong|forcible|powerful|emphatic|vigorous|animated|intense|violent|fierce|earnest|eager|keen|enthusiastic|zealous|fanatical|loud|noisy|clamorous|vocal|vociferous|outspoken|strident|forthright|insistent

origin:
late Middle English (describing pain or temperature, in the sense ‘intense, high in degree’): from French véhément or Latin vehement- ‘impetuous, violent’, perhaps from an unrecorded adjective meaning ‘deprived of mind’, influenced by vehere ‘carry’.


word: VEHICLE
russian_word: автомобиль
origin: early 17th century: from French véhicule or Latin vehiculum, from vehere ‘carry’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈviːɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈviːɪk(ə)l
example:
the vehicle was sent skidding across the road|I use paint as a vehicle for my ideas|a vehicle for a star who was one of Hollywood's hottest properties

definition:
a thing used for transporting people or goods, especially on land, such as a car, lorry, or cart.|a thing used to express, embody, or fulfil something.|a film, television programme, song, etc. that is intended to display the leading performer to the best advantage.|a privately controlled company through which an individual or organization conducts a particular kind of business, especially investment.

synonyms:
automobile|motor vehicle|motorized vehicle|means of transport|conveyance|machine|wheels|heap|crate|jalopy|auto|hooptie


word: VEIL
russian_word: вуаль
example: a white bridal veil|a veil of mist and snow lay over the landscape
synonyms: face covering|veiling|mantilla|yashmak|purdah
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French veil(e ), from Latin vela, plural of velum (see velum).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: veɪl
phonetics_text: veɪl
definition:
a piece of fine material worn by women to protect or conceal the face.|a thing that serves to cover, conceal, or disguise.|a membrane which is attached to the immature fruiting body of some toadstools and ruptures in the course of development, either ( universal veil ) enclosing the whole fruiting body or ( partial veil ) joining the edges of the cap to the stalk.


word: VEIN
russian_word: вена
example: gold-bearing quartz veins|he closes his article in a somewhat humorous vein
synonyms: layer|lode|seam|stratum|stratification|bed|deposit|accumulation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: veɪn
phonetics_text: veɪn
definition:
any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood towards the heart.|a fracture in rock containing a deposit of minerals or ore and typically having an extensive course underground.|a distinctive quality, style, or tendency.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French veine, from Latin vena . The earliest senses were ‘blood vessel’ and ‘small natural underground channel of water’.


word: VELUM
russian_word: парус
origin: mid 18th century: from Latin, literally ‘sail, curtain, covering, veil’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈviːləm
phonetics_text: ˈviːləm
definition:
a membrane or membranous structure, typically covering another structure or partly obscuring an opening.


word: VELAR
russian_word: велярный
origin: early 18th century: from Latin velaris, from velum (see velum).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈviːlə
phonetics_text: ˈviːlə
definition:
relating to a veil or velum.|(of a speech sound) pronounced with the back of the tongue near the soft palate, as in k and g in English.


word: VELCRO
russian_word: липучка
origin: 1960s: from French velours croché ‘hooked velvet’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɛlkrəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈvɛlkrəʊ
definition:
a fastener for clothes or other items, consisting of two strips of thin plastic sheet, one covered with tiny loops and the other with tiny flexible hooks, which adhere when pressed together and can be separated when pulled apart.


word: VELD
russian_word: вельд
origin: Afrikaans, from Dutch, literally ‘field’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛlt
phonetics_text: vɛlt
definition:
open, uncultivated country or grassland in southern Africa. It is conventionally divided by altitude into highveld, middleveld, and lowveld.


word: VELITATION
russian_word: стычка
definition: a slight skirmish or controversy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛlɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌvɛlɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin velitatio(n- ), from velitari ‘to skirmish’, from veles, velit- ‘light-armed skirmisher’.


word: VELOUR
russian_word: велюр
example: velour curtains
definition: a plush woven fabric resembling velvet, used for soft furnishings, casual clothing,and hats.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈlʊə
phonetics_text: vəˈlʊə
origin:
early 18th century: from French velours ‘velvet’, from Old French velour, from Latin villosus ‘hairy’, from villus (see velvet).


word: VELVET
russian_word: бархат
example: an armchair covered in velvet
definition: a closely woven fabric of silk, cotton, or nylon, that has a thick short pile on one side.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛlvɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛlvɪt
origin:
Middle English: from Old French veluotte, from velu ‘velvety’, from medieval Latin villutus, from Latin villus ‘tuft, down’.


word: VENAL
russian_word: продажный
example: local customs officers are notoriously venal
definition: showing or motivated by susceptibility to bribery; corrupt.
antonyms: honourable|honest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈviːn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈviːn(ə)l
synonyms:
corrupt|corruptible|bribable|open to bribery|purchasable|buyable|grafting|dishonest|fraudulent|dishonourable|untrustworthy|unscrupulous|unprincipled|mercenary|avaricious|grasping|rapacious|bent|crooked|warped|shady|simoniacal|simoniac

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘available for purchase’, referring to merchandise or a favour): from Latin venalis, from venum ‘thing for sale’.


word: VEND
russian_word: продавать
example: there was a man vending sticky cakes and ices
definition: offer (small items) for sale, either from a stall or from a slot machine.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vɛnd
phonetics_text: vɛnd
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘be sold’): from French vendre or Latin vendere ‘sell’, from venum ‘something for sale’ + a variant of dare ‘give’.


word: VENDACE
russian_word: ряпушка
origin: mid 18th century: from obsolete French vendese, from a base related to Welsh gwyn ‘white’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛndɪs
phonetics_text: ˈvɛndɪs
definition:
an edible whitefish found in lakes in northern Europe. In Britain it is now confined to two lakes in the English Lake District.


word: VENDETTA
russian_word: вендетта
origin: mid 19th century: from Italian, from Latin vindicta ‘vengeance’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛnˈdɛtə
phonetics_text: vɛnˈdɛtə
definition:
a blood feud in which the family of a murdered person seeks vengeance on the murderer or the murderer's family.


word: VENDING MACHINE
russian_word: торговый автомат
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛndɪŋməʃiːn
phonetics_text: ˈvɛndɪŋməʃiːn
definition:
a machine that dispenses small articles such as food, drinks, or cigarettes when a coin or token is inserted.


word: VENDOR
russian_word: продавец
example: an Italian ice-cream vendor
definition: a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street.
origin: late 16th century: from Anglo-Norman French vendour (see vend).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛndə
phonetics_text: ˈvɛndə|ˈvɛndɔː
synonyms:
seller|salesperson|salesman|saleswoman|dealer|trader|tradesman|retailer|shopkeeper|shopman|shop girl|shop boy|sales assistant|assistant|wholesaler|merchant|trafficker|purveyor|supplier|stockist|marketer|marketeer|sales representative|door-to-door salesman|travelling salesman|commercial traveller|tout|barrow boy|broker|agent|representative|negotiator|sales clerk|clerk|storekeeper|counter-jumper|rep|knight of the road|runner|pusher|chandler|pedlar|hawker|huckster|crier|colporteur


word: VENEER
russian_word: шпон
example: a fine-grained veneer
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vɪˈnɪə
phonetics_text: vɪˈnɪə
definition:
a thin decorative covering of fine wood applied to a coarser wood or other material.|a crown in which the restoration is placed over the prepared surface of a natural crown.

origin:
early 18th century (earlier as fineer ): from German furni(e)ren, from Old French fournir ‘furnish’.


word: VENEPUNCTURE
russian_word: прокол вены
origin: 1920s: from Latin vena ‘vein’ + puncture.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛnɪˌpʌŋ(k)tʃə
phonetics_text: ˈvɛnɪˌpʌŋ(k)tʃə|ˈviːnɪˌpʌŋ(k)tʃə
definition:
the puncture of a vein as part of a medical procedure, typically to withdraw a blood sample or for an intravenous injection.


word: VENERABLE
russian_word: почтенный
example: a venerable statesman
definition: accorded a great deal of respect, especially because of age, wisdom, or character.
antonyms: disreputable|dishonourable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛn(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛn(ə)rəb(ə)l
synonyms:
respected|venerated|revered|reverenced|worshipped|honoured|esteemed|hallowed|august|distinguished|acclaimed|celebrated|lionized|renowned|illustrious|glorious|legendary|famed|eminent|pre-eminent|great|elevated|prominent|notable|noted|respectable|reputable|decent|honourable|worthy|exemplary

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin venerabilis, from the verb venerari (see venerate).


word: VENERATE
russian_word: чтить
example: Philip of Beverley was venerated as a saint
definition: regard with great respect; revere.
antonyms: despise
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɛnəreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛnəreɪt
synonyms:
revere|reverence|respect|worship|adulate|hallow|deify|idolize|hold sacred|exalt|honour|esteem|look up to|think highly of|pay homage to|pay tribute to|adore|praise|extol|aggrandize|lionize|hold in awe|stand in awe of|marvel at|value|put on a pedestal|magnify|laud|revered|respected|esteemed|honoured|hallowed|holy|sacred

origin:
early 17th century (earlier (Middle English) as veneration ): from Latin venerat- ‘adored, revered’, from the verb venerari .


word: VENERATION
russian_word: почитание
example: the traditional veneration of saints
definition: great respect; reverence.
antonyms: disrespect
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
reverence|respect|worship|adoration|homage|exaltation|adulation|glorification|extolment|idolization|devotion|honour|esteem|regard|high regard|praise|respectfulness|worshipfulness|obeisance|submission|deference|awe|laudation|magnification


word: VENEREAL DISEASE
russian_word: венерическая болезнь
example: gonorrhoea is the commonest venereal disease
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈnɪərɪəl ˌdɪziːz
phonetics_text: vɪˈnɪərɪəl ˌdɪziːz
definition:
a disease typically contracted by sexual intercourse with a person already infected; a sexually transmitted disease.


word: VENETIAN
russian_word: венецианский
example: a Venetian painter of the Renaissance
definition: relating to Venice or its people.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: vɪˈniːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɪˈniːʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French Venicien, assimilated to medieval Latin Venetianus, from Latin Venetia ‘Venice’.


word: VENGEANCE
russian_word: месть
example: voters are ready to wreak vengeance on all politicians
definition: punishment inflicted or retribution exacted for an injury or wrong.
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from venger, vengier ‘avenge’, from Latin vindicare ‘vindicate’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛn(d)ʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈvɛn(d)ʒ(ə)ns
synonyms:
revenge|avengement|retribution|retributive justice|retaliation|requital|reprisal|counterstroke|comeback|nemesis|satisfaction|tit for tat|measure for measure|blow for blow|quid pro quo|lex talionis|comeuppance|a taste of one's own medicine|ultion|a Roland for an Oliver


word: VENGEFUL
russian_word: мстительный
example: a vengeful ex-con
definition: seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury.
antonyms: forgiving|benevolent
origin: late 16th century: from obsolete venge ‘avenge’ (see vengeance), on the pattern of revengeful .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛn(d)ʒfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈvɛn(d)ʒfʊl|ˈvɛn(d)ʒf(ə)l
synonyms:
vindictive|revengeful|out for revenge|avenging|unforgiving|resentful|grudge-bearing|bitter|acrimonious|malefic|maleficent


word: VENISON
russian_word: оленина
example: venison steaks
definition: meat from a deer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛnɪs(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈvɛnɪs(ə)n|ˈvɛnɪz(ə)n
origin:
Middle English: from Old French veneso(u)n, from Latin venatio(n- ) ‘hunting’, from venari ‘to hunt’.


word: VENOM
russian_word: яд
example: snake venoms have different effects
synonyms: poison|toxin|bane|toxicant
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛnəm
phonetics_text: ˈvɛnəm
definition:
a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes, spiders, and scorpions and typically injected into prey or aggressors by biting or stinging.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French venim, variant of venin, from an alteration of Latin venenum ‘poison’.


word: VENOMOUS
russian_word: ядовитый
example: a leading expert on venomous snakes
antonyms: harmless|innocuous
origin: Middle English: from Old French venimeux, from venim (see venom).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛnəməs
phonetics_text: ˈvɛnəməs
definition:
(of an animal, especially a snake) secreting venom; capable of injecting venom by means of a bite or sting.

synonyms:
poisonous|toxic|noxious|dangerous|harmful|deadly|lethal|death-dealing|life-threatening|fatal|mortal|terminal|killing|deathly|nocuous|mephitic|baneful


word: VENT
russian_word: выход
example: remove any debris blocking the vents|children give vent to their anger in various ways
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vɛnt
phonetics_text: vɛnt
definition:
an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass out of or into a confined space.|the release or expression of a strong emotion, energy, etc.

synonyms:
outlet|inlet|opening|aperture|vent hole|hole|gap|orifice|space|cavity|cleft|slit|pore|port|duct|flue|shaft|channel|well|passage|air passage|airway|blowhole|breather

origin:
late Middle English: partly from French vent ‘wind’, from Latin ventus, reinforced by French évent, from éventer ‘expose to air’, based on Latin ventus ‘wind’.


word: VENTIL
russian_word: вентиль
definition: a valve in a wind instrument.|a shutter for regulating the airflow in an organ.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛntɪl
phonetics_text: ˈvɛntɪl
origin:
late 19th century: from German, from Italian ventile, from medieval Latin ventile ‘sluice’, from Latin ventus ‘wind’.


word: VENTILATE
russian_word: проветривать
synonyms: aerate|air|oxygenate|air-condition|fan|freshen|refresh|cool
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɛntɪleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛntɪleɪt
example:
ventilate the greenhouse well|he used the club to ventilate an ongoing complaint|the patient was sedated and ventilated|I pull out a gun and ventilate her dinner companion

definition:
cause air to enter and circulate freely in (a room, building, etc.).|discuss or examine (an opinion, issue, or complaint) in public.|subject to artificial respiration.|kill (someone) by shooting.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘winnow, scatter’): from Latin ventilat- ‘blown, winnowed’, from the verb ventilare, from ventus ‘wind’. Sense 1 dates from the mid 18th century.


word: VENTILATION
russian_word: вентиляция
example: ventilation of the mines had long been mechanized
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.|public discussion or examination of an opinion, issue, or complaint.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘current of air’): from Old French, or from Latin ventilatio(n- ), from the verb ventilare (see ventilate). ventilation (sense 1) dates from the mid 17th century.


word: VENTILATOR
russian_word: вентилятор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛntɪleɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈvɛntɪleɪtə
definition:
an appliance or aperture for ventilating a room or other space.|an appliance for artificial respiration; a respirator.


word: VENTRILOQUIST
russian_word: чревовещатель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛnˈtrɪləkwɪst
phonetics_text: vɛnˈtrɪləkwɪst
definition:
a person, especially an entertainer, who can make their voice appear to come from somewhere else, typically a dummy of a person or animal.

origin:
mid 17th century: from modern Latin ventriloquium (from Latin venter ‘belly’ + loqui ‘speak’) + -ist.


word: VENTRILOQUIZE
russian_word: чревовещать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vɛnˈtrɪləkwʌɪz
phonetics_text: vɛnˈtrɪləkwʌɪz
example:
with practice, anyone can ventriloquize|instead of having their preferences ventriloquized by fathers, husbands, or brothers, suffragists wanted to express their own political opinions

definition:
produce sounds in the manner of a ventriloquist; use ventriloquism.|voice (the thoughts) of another person.


word: VENTRIPOTENT
russian_word: прожорливый
definition: having a large belly.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɛnˈtrɪpət(ə)nt
phonetics_text: vɛnˈtrɪpət(ə)nt
origin:
early 17th century: from French, from medieval Latin ventripotent-, from Latin venter ‘belly’ + potent- ‘being powerful, being able’, from the verb posse .


word: VENUE
russian_word: место встречи
example: the club is the city's main venue for live music
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛnjuː
phonetics_text: ˈvɛnjuː
definition:
the place where something happens, especially an organized event such as a concert, conference, or sports competition.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a thrust or bout in fencing; also in the Law sense): from Old French, literally ‘a coming’, feminine past participle of venir ‘come’ from Latin venire .


word: VERACIOUS
russian_word: правдивый
example: a veracious account
definition: speaking or representing the truth.
antonyms: untrue|dishonest
origin: late 17th century: from Latin verax, verac- (from verus ‘true’) + -ious.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəˈreɪʃəs
phonetics_text: vəˈreɪʃəs
synonyms:
true|accurate|veritable|correct|errorless|unerring|exact|precise|factual|literal|realistic|authentic|faithful|close|strict|just|unelaborated|unvarnished|truthful|honest|sincere|frank|candid|honourable|reputable|trustworthy|trusty|reliable|dependable|scrupulous|upright|upstanding|ethical|moral|righteous|virtuous|decent|good|on the nail|spot on


word: VERACITY
russian_word: достоверность
example: officials expressed doubts concerning the veracity of the story
definition: conformity to facts; accuracy.
antonyms: falsity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈrasɪti
phonetics_text: vəˈrasɪti
synonyms:
truthfulness|truth|accuracy|accurateness|correctness|exactness|precision|preciseness|realism|authenticity|faithfulness|fidelity|reputability|honesty|sincerity|trustworthiness|reliability|dependability|scrupulousness|ethics|morality|righteousness|virtuousness|decency|goodness|probity

origin:
early 17th century: from French véracité or medieval Latin veracitas, from verax ‘speaking truly’ (see veracious).


word: VERAPAMIL
russian_word: верапамил
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈrapəmɪl
phonetics_text: vəˈrapəmɪl
definition:
a synthetic compound which acts as a calcium antagonist and is used to treat angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias.

origin:
1960s: from v(al)er(onitr)il(e)  (from valeric acid + nitrile), with the insertion of -apam- (of unknown origin).


word: VERATRINE
russian_word: Вератрин
origin: early 19th century: from French vératrine, from Latin veratrum ‘hellebore’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛrətriːn
phonetics_text: ˈvɛrətriːn|ˈvɛrətrɪn
definition:
a poisonous substance consisting of a mixture of alkaloids which occurs in the seeds of sabadilla and related plants.


word: VERB
russian_word: глагол
origin: late Middle English: from Old French verbe or Latin verbum ‘word, verb’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vəːb
phonetics_text: vəːb
definition:
a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence, such as hear, become, happen.


word: VERBAL
russian_word: вербальный
example: the root of the problem is visual rather than verbal|a verbal adjective
definition: relating to or in the form of words.|relating to or derived from a verb.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvəːb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəːb(ə)l
origin:
late 15th century (describing a person who deals with words rather than things): from French, or from late Latin verbalis, from verbum ‘word’ (see verb).


word: VERBALIZE
russian_word: выражать словами
example: they are unable to verbalize their real feelings|the dangers of verbalizing about art
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvəːb(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈvəːb(ə)lʌɪz
definition:
express (ideas or feelings) in words, especially by speaking out loud.|speak, especially at length and with little real content.|make (a word, especially a noun) into a verb.


word: VERBATIM
russian_word: дословно
example: subjects were instructed to recall the passage verbatim
definition: in exactly the same words as were used originally.
antonyms: loosely|imprecisely|loose|imprecise
origin: late 15th century: medieval Latin, from Latin verbum ‘word’. Compare with literatim.
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: vəːˈbeɪtɪm
phonetics_text: vəːˈbeɪtɪm
synonyms:
word for word|letter for letter|line for line|to the letter|literally|exactly|precisely|in every detail|closely|faithfully|religiously|rigorously|punctiliously|strictly|literatim|literal|exact|direct|precise|close|faithful|undeviating|strict|unadulterated|unabridged|unvarnished|unembellished


word: VERBENA
russian_word: вербена
origin: modern Latin, from Latin, literally ‘sacred bough’, in medieval Latin‘vervain’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəːˈbiːnə
phonetics_text: vəːˈbiːnə
definition:
a chiefly American herbaceous plant which bears heads of bright showy flowers, widely cultivated as a garden ornamental.


word: VERBIAGE
russian_word: словоблудие
origin: early 18th century: from French, from obsolete verbeier ‘to chatter’, from verbe ‘word’ (see verb).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːbɪɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈvəːbɪɪdʒ
example:
the basic idea here, despite all the verbiage, is simple|we need to look at how the rule should be applied, based on the verbiage

definition:
excessively lengthy or technical speech or writing.|the way in which something is expressed; wording or diction.

synonyms:
verbosity|verboseness|padding|wordiness|prolixity|prolixness|superfluity|redundancy|long-windedness|lengthiness|protractedness|discursiveness|expansiveness|digressiveness|convolution|circumlocution|circuitousness|rambling|wandering|meandering|waffle|waffling|wittering|flannel|logorrhoea


word: VERBOSE
russian_word: многословный
example: much academic language is obscure and verbose
definition: using or expressed in more words than are needed.
antonyms: succinct|laconic
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin verbosus, from verbum ‘word’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəːˈbəʊs
phonetics_text: vəːˈbəʊs
synonyms:
wordy|loquacious|garrulous|talkative|voluble|orotund|expansive|babbling|blathering|prattling|prating|jabbering|gushing|effusive|long-winded|lengthy|protracted|prolix|periphrastic|circumlocutory|circuitous|tautological|repetitious|redundant|tortuous|indirect|convoluted|diffuse|discursive|digressive|rambling|wandering|meandering|mouthy|gabby|windy|gassy|talky|with the gift of the gab|yakking|big-mouthed|wittering|gobby|multiloquent|multiloquous|ambagious|logorrhoeic|pleonastic


word: VERBOSITY
russian_word: многословие
example: a critic with a reputation for verbosity
definition: the fact or quality of using more words than needed; wordiness.
antonyms: brevity|taciturnity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈbɒsɪti
phonetics_text: vəˈbɒsɪti
synonyms:
wordiness|verboseness|loquacity|garrulity|talkativeness|volubility|expansiveness|babbling|blathering|prattling|prating|jabbering|gushing|long-windedness|lengthiness|protractedness|verbiage|prolixity|periphrasis|tautology|circumlocution|convolution|redundancy|diffuseness|discursiveness|digressiveness|the gift of the gab|big mouth|mouthiness|gassiness|gabbiness|windiness|blah-blah|gobbledygook|wittering|waffling|orotundity|logorrhoea|multiloquence|pleonasm|perissology


word: VERDANT
russian_word: зеленый
example: verdant valleys
definition: (of countryside) green with grass or other rich vegetation.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvəːd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvəːd(ə)nt
synonyms:
green|leafy|grassy|grass-covered|lush|rich|flourishing|thriving|teeming|prolific|rampant|overgrown|dense|thick|jungle-like|jungly|verdurous|viridescent|virid|graminaceous|gramineous

origin:
late 16th century: perhaps from Old French verdeant, present participle of verdoier ‘be green’, based on Latin viridis ‘green’.


word: VERDICT
russian_word: вердикт
example: the jury returned a verdict of not guilty
definition: a decision on an issue of fact in a civil or criminal case or an inquest.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːdɪkt
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdɪkt
synonyms:
judgement|adjudication|adjudgement|decision|finding|ruling|resolution|pronouncement|decree|order|settlement|result|conclusion|opinion|prognosis|conviction|assumption|presumption|sentence|punishment|resolve|determination

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French verdit, from Old French veir ‘true’ (from Latin verus ) + dit (from Latin dictum ‘saying’).


word: VERDIGRIS
russian_word: ярь-медянка
origin: Middle English: from Old French verte-gres, earlier vert de Grece ‘green of Greece’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːdɪɡriː
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdɪɡriː|ˈvəːdɪɡriːs
definition:
a bright bluish-green encrustation or patina formed on copper or brass by atmospheric oxidation, consisting of basic copper carbonate.


word: VERGE
russian_word: грань
example: they came down to the verge of the lake|I was on the verge of tears
definition: an edge or border.|an extreme limit beyond which something specified will happen.
antonyms: centre|middle
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vəːdʒ
phonetics_text: vəːdʒ
synonyms:
edge|border|margin|side|brink|rim|lip|limit|boundary|outskirts|perimeter|periphery|borderline|frontier|end|extremity|termination|fringes|bounds|limits|confines|bourn|marge|skirt

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin virga ‘rod’. The current verb sense dates from the late 18th century.


word: VERGENCE
russian_word: сходимости
example: a zone of opposing fold vergence
origin: 1980s: common element of convergence and divergence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːdʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdʒ(ə)ns
definition:
the simultaneous movement of the pupils of the eyes towards or away from one another during focusing.|the direction in which a fold is inclined or overturned.


word: VERGER
russian_word: церковный служитель
origin: Middle English (in verger (sense 2)): from Anglo-Norman French (see verge2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːdʒə
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdʒə
definition:
an official in a church who acts as a caretaker and attendant.|an officer who carries a rod before a bishop or dean as a symbol of office.


word: VERIFICATION
russian_word: проверка
example: the verification of official documents
definition: the process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
confirmation|substantiation|corroboration|attestation|affirmation|validation|authentication|endorsement|accreditation|ratification|establishment|certification|evidence|proof|support|witness|testament|documentation

origin:
early 16th century: from Old French or from medieval Latin verificatio(n- ), from the verb verificare (see verify).


word: VERIFY
russian_word: проверить
example: his conclusions have been verified by later experiments
definition: make sure or demonstrate that (something) is true, accurate, or justified.
antonyms: refute
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɛrɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈvɛrɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
substantiate|confirm|prove|show to be true|corroborate|back up|support|uphold|evidence|establish|demonstrate|demonstrate the truth of|show|show beyond doubt|attest to|testify to|validate|authenticate|endorse|certify|accredit|ratify|warrant|vouch for|bear out|bear witness to|give credence to|give force to|give/lend weight to|justify|vindicate|make sure|make certain|check|pin down|suss out

origin:
Middle English (as a legal term): from Old French verifier, from medieval Latin verificare, from verus ‘true’.


word: VERISIMILITUDE
russian_word: правдоподобие
example: the detail gives the novel some verisimilitude
definition: the appearance of being true or real.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd
phonetics_text: ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin verisimilitudo, from verisimilis ‘probable’, from veri (genitive of verus ‘true’) + similis ‘like’.


word: VERITABLE
russian_word: настоящий
example: the early 1970s witnessed a veritable price explosion
definition: used for emphasis, often to qualify a metaphor.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛrɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛrɪtəb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from verite ‘truth’ (see verity). Early senses included ‘true’ and ‘speaking the truth’, later ‘genuine, actual’.


word: VERJUICE
russian_word: кислый сок
origin: Middle English: from Old French vertjus, from vert ‘green’ + jus ‘juice’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːdʒuːs
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdʒuːs
definition:
a sour juice obtained from crab apples, unripe grapes, or other fruit, used in cooking and formerly in medicine.


word: VERMICELLI
russian_word: вермишель
origin: Italian, plural of vermicello, diminutive of verme ‘worm’, from Latin vermis .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvəːmɪˈtʃɛli
phonetics_text: ˌvəːmɪˈtʃɛli|ˌvɛːmɪˈtʃɛli|ˌvəːmɪˈsɛli
definition:
pasta in the form of long slender threads.|shreds of chocolate used to decorate cakes or other sweet foods.


word: VERMICULAR
russian_word: червеобразный
definition: like a worm in form or movement; vermiform.|denoting or caused by intestinal worms.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəˈmɪkjʊlə
phonetics_text: vəˈmɪkjʊlə
origin:
late 17th century: from medieval Latin vermicularis, from Latin vermiculus, diminutive of vermis ‘worm’.


word: VERMICULITE
russian_word: вермикулит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈmɪkjʊlʌɪt
phonetics_text: vəˈmɪkjʊlʌɪt
definition:
a yellow or brown mineral found as an alteration product of mica and other minerals, used for insulation or as a moisture-retentive medium for growing plants.

origin:
early 19th century: from Latin vermiculari ‘be full of worms’ (because on expansion due to heat, it shoots out forms resembling small worms) + -ite1.


word: VERMICULTURE
russian_word: вермикультуры
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːmɪkʊlʃə
phonetics_text: ˈvəːmɪkʊlʃə
definition:
the cultivation of earthworms, especially in order to use them to convert organic waste into fertilizer.


word: VERMILION
russian_word: киноварь
definition: a brilliant red pigment made from mercury sulphide (cinnabar).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈmɪljən
phonetics_text: vəˈmɪljən
origin:
Middle English: from Old French vermeillon, from vermeil, from Latin vermiculus, diminutive of vermis ‘worm’.


word: VERMIN
russian_word: паразиты
example: killed as vermin or game, the pumas have gone
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːmɪn
phonetics_text: ˈvəːmɪn
definition:
wild animals that are believed to be harmful to crops, farm animals, or game, or which carry disease, e.g. rodents.

origin:
Middle English (originally denoting animals such as reptiles and snakes): from Old French, based on Latin vermis ‘worm’.


word: VERMOUTH
russian_word: вермут
origin: from French vermout, from German Wermut ‘wormwood’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːməθ
phonetics_text: ˈvəːməθ|vəˈmuːθ
definition:
a red or white wine flavoured with aromatic herbs, chiefly made in France and Italy and drunk mixed with gin.


word: VERNACULAR
russian_word: родной
antonyms: formal language|Latin
origin: early 17th century: from Latin vernaculus ‘domestic, native’ (from verna ‘home-born slave’) + -ar1.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: vəˈnakjʊlə
phonetics_text: vəˈnakjʊlə
example:
he wrote in the vernacular to reach a larger audience|buildings in which Gothic merged into farmhouse vernacular

definition:
the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region.|architecture concerned with domestic and functional rather than public or monumental buildings.

synonyms:
everyday language|spoken language|colloquial speech|native speech|conversational language|common parlance|non-standard language|jargon|-speak|cant|slang|idiom|argot|patois|dialect|regional language|local tongue|regionalism|localism|provincialism|lingo|local lingo|patter|geekspeak|idiolect


word: VERNATION
russian_word: расположение листа в почке
definition: the arrangement of bud scales or young leaves in a leaf bud before it opens.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəːˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vəːˈneɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late 18th century: from modern Latin vernatio(n-), from Latin vernare ‘to grow (as in the spring)’, from vernus (see vernal).


word: VERNIER
russian_word: нониус
origin: mid 18th century: named after Pierre Vernier (1580–1637), French mathematician.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːnɪə
phonetics_text: ˈvəːnɪə
definition:
a small movable graduated scale for obtaining fractional parts of subdivisions on a fixed main scale of a barometer, sextant, or other measuring instrument.


word: VERNISSAGE
russian_word: вернисаж
definition: a private view of paintings before public exhibition.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛːnɪˈsɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ˌvɛːnɪˈsɑːʒ
origin:
French, literally ‘varnishing’, originally referring to the day prior to an exhibition when artists were allowed to retouch and varnish hung work.


word: VERONICA
russian_word: вероника
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈrɒnɪkə
phonetics_text: vəˈrɒnɪkə
definition:
a herbaceous plant of north temperate regions, typically with upright stems bearing narrow pointed leaves and spikes of blue or purple flowers.|a cloth supposedly impressed with an image of Christ's face.|the movement of a matador's cape away from a charging bull.

origin:
early 16th century: from medieval Latin, from the given name Veronica . veronica (sense 2, sense 3) are with reference to St Veronica (see Veronica, St); sense 3 is said to be by association of the attitude of the matador with the depiction of St Veronica holding out a cloth to Christ.


word: VERSAL
russian_word: версальна
origin: late 19th century: from Latin vers- ‘turned’ + -al, influenced by verse.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvəːs(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəːs(ə)l
definition:
relating to a style of ornate capital letter used to start a verse, paragraph, etc., in a manuscript, typically built up by inking between pen strokes and with long, rather flat serifs.


word: VERSATILE
russian_word: разносторонний
example: a versatile sewing machine
definition: able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities.|changeable; inconstant.
antonyms: inflexible|limited
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvəːsətʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈvəːsətʌɪl
synonyms:
adaptable|flexible|all-round|multifaceted|multitalented|multiskilled|many-sided|resourceful|protean|adjustable|variable|convertible|alterable|modifiable|multipurpose|all-purpose|handy|polytropic|flexile

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘inconstant, fluctuating’): from French, or from Latin versatilis, from versat- ‘turned about, revolved’, from the verb versare, frequentative of vertere ‘to turn’.


word: VERSE
russian_word: стих
example: a lament in verse
definition: writing arranged with a metrical rhythm, typically having a rhyme.
antonyms: prose
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vəːs
phonetics_text: vəːs
synonyms:
poetry|versification|metrical composition|rhythmical composition|rhyme|rhyming|balladry|doggerel|poems|lyrics|rhymes|poesy|Parnassus|poem|piece of poetry|lyric|sonnet|ode|limerick|composition|piece of doggerel|ditty|song|jingle|lay|ballad|tenson|verselet

origin:
Old English fers, from Latin versus ‘a turn of the plough, a furrow, a line of writing’, from vertere ‘to turn’; reinforced in Middle English by Old French vers, from Latin versus .


word: VERSED
russian_word: сведущий
example: a solicitor well versed in employment law
definition: experienced or skilled in; knowledgeable about.
antonyms: unfamiliar with
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəːst
phonetics_text: vəːst
synonyms:
acquainted with|conversant with|familiar with|informed about|knowledgeable about|well informed about|instructed in|skilled in|proficient in|at home with|no stranger to|au fait with|au courant with|apprised of|abreast of|up to date with|in touch with|well up on|in the know about|genned up on|clued in on|clued up on|plugged into|switched on to

origin:
early 17th century: from French versé or Latin versatus, past participle of versari ‘be engaged in’.


word: VERSICLE
russian_word: Стих
origin: Middle English: from Old French versicule or Latin versiculus, diminutive of versus (see verse).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːsɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəːsɪk(ə)l
definition:
a short sentence said or sung by the minister in a church service, to which the congregation gives a response.


word: VERSION
russian_word: версия
example: a revised version of the paper was produced for a later meeting|he told her his version of events
synonyms: sort|kind|type|variety|genre|class|category|style|form|brand|make|model|design
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvəːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈvəːʃ(ə)n
definition:
a particular form of something differing in certain respects from an earlier form or other forms of the same type of thing.|an account of a matter from a particular person's point of view.|the manual turning of a fetus in the uterus to make delivery easier.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘translation’): from French, or from medieval Latin versio(n- ), from Latin vertere ‘to turn’.


word: VERSO
russian_word: оборотная сторона
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin verso (folio) ‘on the turned (leaf)’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːsəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈvəːsəʊ
definition:
a left-hand page of an open book, or the back of a loose document.|the reverse of something such as a coin or painting.


word: VERTEBRA
russian_word: позвонок
example: the needle is inserted between two of the vertebrae
origin: early 17th century: from Latin, from vertere ‘to turn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːtɪbrə
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtɪbrə
definition:
each of the series of small bones forming the backbone, having several projections for articulation and muscle attachment, and a hole through which the spinal cord passes.


word: VERTEBRATE
russian_word: позвоночный
origin: early 19th century: from Latin vertebratus ‘jointed’, from vertebra (see vertebra).
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvəːtɪbrət
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtɪbrət
definition:
an animal of a large group distinguished by the possession of a backbone or spinal column, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.


word: VERTEX
russian_word: вершина
definition: the highest point; the top or apex.|each angular point of a polygon, polyhedron, or other figure.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, ‘whirlpool, crown of a head, vertex’, from vertere ‘to turn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːtɛks
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtɛks
synonyms:
apex|peak|tip|top|mountaintop|summit|pinnacle|crest|brow|crown|height|highest point|acme|zenith|apogee


word: VERTICAL
russian_word: вертикальный
example: the vertical axis
antonyms: horizontal|flat
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvəːtɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtɪk(ə)l
definition:
at right angles to a horizontal plane; in a direction, or having an alignment, such that the top is directly above the bottom.|involving different levels or stages of a hierarchy or process.|relating to the crown of the head.|denoting a point at the zenith or the highest point of something.

synonyms:
upright|erect|perpendicular|plumb|straight (up and down)|on end|standing|upstanding|bolt upright|upended|sheer|steep|sharp|precipitous|bluff|vertiginous|rampant|acclivitous|declivitous|scarped

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘directly overhead’): from French, or from late Latin verticalis, from vertex (see vertex).


word: VERTICALLY
russian_word: вертикально
example: the wheel hangs vertically from a wire|vertically integrated companies
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvəːtɪkli
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtɪkli
definition:
at right angles to a horizontal plane; aligned in such a way that the top is directly above the bottom.|in a way that involves different levels or stages of a hierarchy or process.


word: VERTIGO
russian_word: головокружение
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, ‘whirling’, from vertere ‘to turn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːtɪɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtɪɡəʊ
definition:
a sensation of whirling and loss of balance, associated particularly with looking down from a great height, or caused by disease affecting the inner ear or the vestibular nerve; giddiness.

synonyms:
dizziness|giddiness|light-headedness|loss of balance|loss of equilibrium|spinning/swimming of the head|fear of heights|acrophobia|mirligoes|wooziness|sturdy|turnsick|vertiginousness


word: VERVAIN
russian_word: вербена
origin: late Middle English: from Old French verveine, from Latin verbena (see verbena).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːveɪn
phonetics_text: ˈvəːveɪn
definition:
a widely distributed herbaceous plant with small blue, white, or purple flowers and a long history of use as a magical and medicinal herb.


word: VERVE
russian_word: пыл
example: Kollo sings with supreme verve and flexibility
definition: vigour and spirit or enthusiasm.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəːv
phonetics_text: vəːv
synonyms:
enthusiasm|vigour|energy|pep|dynamism|go|elan|vitality|vivacity|buoyancy|liveliness|animation|sprightliness|zest|sparkle|effervescence|fizz|spirit|spiritedness|ebullience|life|dash|brio|fervour|gusto|eagerness|keenness|passion|zeal|relish|feeling|ardour|fire|fieriness|drive|forcefulness|force|strength|determination|motivation|push|vehemence|fanaticism|zing|zip|vim|punch|get-up-and-go|pizzazz|oomph|feistiness

origin:
late 17th century (denoting special talent in writing): from French, ‘vigour’, earlier ‘form of expression’, from Latin verba ‘words’.


word: VERY
russian_word: очень
example: a very large amount
definition: in a high degree.
antonyms: slightly|sort of|not particularly
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛri
phonetics_text: ˈvɛri
synonyms:
extremely|exceedingly|exceptionally|especially|tremendously|immensely|vastly|hugely|extraordinarily|extra|excessively|overly|over|abundantly|inordinately|singularly|significantly|distinctly|outstandingly|uncommonly|unusually|decidedly|particularly|eminently|supremely|highly|remarkably|really|truly|mightily|thoroughly|all that|to a great extent|most|so|too|unco|très|right|terrifically|awfully|terribly|devilishly|madly|majorly|seriously|desperately|mega|ultra|oh-so|too-too|stinking|mucho|damn|damned|too … for words|devilish|hellish|frightfully|ever so|well|bloody|dead|dirty|jolly|fair|real|mighty|powerful|awful|plumb|darned|way|bitching|mad|lekker|exceeding|sore

origin:
Middle English (as an adjective in the sense ‘real, genuine’): from Old French verai, based on Latin verus ‘true’.


word: VESICANT
russian_word: нарывной
definition: tending to cause blistering.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɛsɪkənt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛsɪkənt|ˈviːsɪkənt
origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin vesicant- ‘forming pustules’, from the verb vesicare, from vesica ‘bladder’.


word: VESICLE
russian_word: пузырек
origin: late 16th century: from French vésicule or Latin vesicula, diminutive of vesica ‘bladder’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛsɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛsɪk(ə)l|ˈviːsɪk(ə)l
definition:
a small fluid-filled bladder, sac, cyst, or vacuole within the body.|an air-filled swelling in a plant, especially a seaweed.|a small cavity in volcanic rock, produced by gas bubbles.


word: VESPERS
russian_word: вечерня
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛspəz
phonetics_text: ˈvɛspəz
definition:
a service of evening prayer in the Divine Office of the Western Christian Church (sometimes said earlier in the day).

origin:
late 15th century: from Old French vespres ‘evensong’, from Latin vesperas (accusative plural), on the pattern of matutinas ‘matins’.


word: VESPERTILIONID
russian_word: гладконосых
origin: late 19th century: from modern Latin Vespertilionidae (plural), from Latin vespertilio ‘bat’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɛspətɪlɪˈɒnɪd
phonetics_text: ˌvɛspətɪlɪˈɒnɪd
definition:
a bat of a large family ( Vespertilionidae ) that includes most of the typical insectivorous bats of northern temperate regions.


word: VESSEL
russian_word: судно
synonyms: boat|sailing boat|ship|yacht|craft|watercraft|barque|keel
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛs(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɛs(ə)l
definition:
a ship or large boat.|a hollow container, especially one used to hold liquid, such as a bowl or cask.|a duct or canal holding or conveying blood or other fluid.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French vessel(e ), from late Latin vascellum, diminutive of vas ‘vessel’.


word: VEST
russian_word: жилет
example: a running vest
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vɛst
phonetics_text: vɛst
definition:
an undergarment worn on the upper part of the body, typically having no sleeves.|a garment worn on the upper part of the body for a particular purpose.|a waistcoat or sleeveless jacket.

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): from Old French vestu ‘clothed’, past participle of vestir, from Latin vestire ; the noun (early 17th century, denoting a loose outer garment) from French veste, via Italian from Latin vestis ‘garment’.


word: VESTAL VIRGIN
russian_word: весталка
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
(in ancient Rome) a virgin consecrated to Vesta and vowed to chastity, sharing the charge of maintaining the sacred fire burning on the goddess's altar.


word: VESTIBULAR
russian_word: вестибулярный
example: disorders of vestibular function
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɛˈstɪbjʊlə
phonetics_text: vɛˈstɪbjʊlə
definition:
relating to a vestibule, particularly that of the inner ear, or more generally to the sense of balance.


word: VESTIBULE
russian_word: вестибюль
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛstɪbjuːl
phonetics_text: ˈvɛstɪbjuːl
definition:
an antechamber, hall, or lobby next to the outer door of a building.|a chamber or channel opening into another.

synonyms:
entrance hall|hall|hallway|entrance|porch|portico|foyer|reception area|lobby|anteroom|antechamber|outer room|waiting room

origin:
early 17th century (denoting the space in front of the main entrance of a classical Roman or Greek building): from French, or from Latin vestibulum ‘entrance court’.


word: VESTIGE
russian_word: рудимент
example: the last vestiges of colonialism
origin: late Middle English: from French, from Latin vestigium ‘footprint’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛstɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈvɛstɪdʒ
definition:
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists.|a part or organ of an organism which has become reduced or functionless in the course of evolution.

synonyms:
remnant|remainder|fragment|relic|echo|indication|sign|trace|mark|print|imprint|impression|legacy|reminder|memento|souvenir|token|trophy|remains|leftovers|leavings|evidence|residue|memorandum|memory|remembrancer


word: VESTIGIAL
russian_word: рудиментарный
antonyms: well developed
synonyms: remaining|surviving|residual|leftover|lingering|persisting|abiding|lasting|enduring
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɛˈstɪdʒɪəl
phonetics_text: vɛˈstɪdʒɪəl|vɛˈstɪdʒ(ə)l
example:
he felt a vestigial flicker of anger from last night|the vestigial wings of kiwis are entirely hidden

definition:
forming a very small remnant of something that was once greater or more noticeable.|(of an organ or part of the body) degenerate, rudimentary, or atrophied, having become functionless in the course of evolution.


word: VESTMENT
russian_word: облачение
example: a priest in green vestments came and preached a long sermon
definition: a chasuble or other robe worn by the clergy or choristers during services.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛs(t)m(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvɛs(t)m(ə)nt
origin:
Middle English: from Old French vestiment, from Latin vestimentum, from vestire ‘clothe’ (see vest).


word: VESTRY
russian_word: ризница
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛstri
phonetics_text: ˈvɛstri
definition:
a room or building attached to a church, used as an office and for changing into ceremonial vestments.

origin:
late Middle English: probably from an Anglo-Norman French alteration of Old French vestiarie, from Latin vestiarium .


word: VETCH
russian_word: вика
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French veche, from Latin vicia .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛtʃ
phonetics_text: vɛtʃ
definition:
a widely distributed scrambling herbaceous plant of the pea family, which is cultivated as a silage or fodder crop.


word: VETERAN
russian_word: ветеран
example: a veteran of two world wars
definition: a person who has had long experience in a particular field.
antonyms: novice|apprentice|recruit
origin: early 16th century: from French vétéran or Latin veteranus, from vetus ‘old’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛt(ə)r(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈvɛt(ə)r(ə)n
synonyms:
retired soldier|old hand|old-timer|old stager|past master|doyen|authority|master|grandmaster|master hand|expert|virtuoso|maestro|pro|ace|hotshot|old warhorse|long-serving|seasoned|mature|old|established|hardened|adept|consummate|well versed|well trained|practised|experienced|worldly-wise|qualified|proficient|professional|battle-scarred|crack|mean


word: VETIVER
russian_word: ветивер
origin: mid 19th century: from French vétiver, from Tamil veṭṭivēr, from vēr ‘root’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɛtɪvə
phonetics_text: ˈvɛtɪvə
definition:
a fragrant extract or essential oil obtained from the root of an Indian grass, used in perfumery and aromatherapy.


word: VETO
russian_word: вето
example: neither state was given a veto over amendments to the Act
definition: a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a lawmaking body.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈviːtəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈviːtəʊ
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘I forbid’, used by Roman tribunes of the people when opposing measures of the Senate.


word: VET
russian_word: ветеринар
example: proposals for vetting large takeover bids
definition: make a careful and critical examination of (something).
origin: mid 19th century: abbreviation of veterinary or veterinarian.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vɛt
phonetics_text: vɛt
synonyms:
screen|assess|evaluate|appraise|weigh up|examine|look over|review|consider|scrutinize|study|inspect|investigate|censor|check|redact|check out|check up on|probe|research|look into|delve into|dig into|search into|give something a/the once-over|size up


word: VEX
russian_word: досаждать
example: the memory of the conversation still vexed him
definition: make (someone) feel annoyed, frustrated, or worried, especially with trivial matters.
antonyms: mollify|appease
origin: late Middle English: from Old French vexer, from Latin vexare ‘shake, disturb’.
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic: vɛks
phonetics_text: vɛks
synonyms:
annoy|irritate|infuriate|anger|incense|inflame|enrage|irk|chagrin|exasperate|madden|pique|provoke|nettle|disturb|upset|perturb|discompose|put out|try|try someone's patience|get on someone's nerves|bother|trouble|worry|agitate|harass|harry|fuss|fluster|ruffle|hound|rankle with|nag|torment|pain|distress|tease|frustrate|chafe|grate|fret|gall|outrage|displease|offend|disgust|dissatisfy|disquiet|rub up the wrong way|mither|peeve|aggravate|miff|bug|bite|eat|hassle|rile|get to|hack off|make someone's blood boil|make someone see red|get someone's goat|get someone's hackles up|make someone's hackles rise|get someone's back up|get someone's dander up|drive up the wall|drive bananas|needle|be a pain in the neck|ruffle someone's feathers|get in someone's hair|get under someone's skin|give someone a hard time|nark|get on someone's wick|give someone the hump|wind up|get across|get up someone's nose|tick off|ride|rankle|gravel|bum out|piss off|get on someone's tits


word: VEXATION
russian_word: досада
example: Jenna bit her lip in vexation
definition: the state of being annoyed, frustrated, or worried.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin vexatio(n- ), from vexare (see vex).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɛkˈseɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɛkˈseɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
annoyance|irritation|irritability|exasperation|anger|rage|fury|temper|bad temper|hot temper|wrath|spleen|chagrin|pique|crossness|indignation|displeasure|discontent|dissatisfaction|disgruntlement|ill humour|peevishness|petulance|testiness|tetchiness|gall|resentment|umbrage|perturbation|discomposure|worry|agitation|harassment|needling|aggravation|being rubbed up the wrong way|crabbiness|stroppiness|ire|choler


word: VEXATIOUS
russian_word: сутяжнический
example: the vexatious questions posed by software copyrights
definition: causing or tending to cause annoyance, frustration, or worry.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɛkˈseɪʃəs
phonetics_text: vɛkˈseɪʃəs
synonyms:
annoying|vexing|irritating|irksome|displeasing|infuriating|maddening|exasperating|provoking|galling|rankling|grating|jarring|harassing|harrying|bothersome|tiresome|troublesome|niggling|upsetting|perturbing|worrying|worrisome|concerning|trying|taxing|distressing|traumatic|unsettling|unpleasant|difficult|awkward|problematic|inconvenient|lamentable|deplorable|aggravating


word: VEXED
russian_word: раздосадованный
example: the vexed question of how much money the government is going to spend|I'm very vexed with you!
definition: (of a problem or issue) difficult and much debated; problematic.|annoyed, frustrated, or worried.
antonyms: undisputed|resolved
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɛkst
phonetics_text: ˈvɛkst
synonyms:
disputed|in dispute|contested|in contention|contentious|debated|debatable|open to debate|open to question|questionable|at issue|open to doubt|controversial|moot|unresolved|unsettled|up in the air|undecided|yet to be decided|undetermined|unconcluded|ongoing|problematic|problematical|taxing|knotty|thorny|ticklish|delicate|sticky|dicey|hairy|iffy|dodgy


word: VIABLE
russian_word: жизнеспособный
example: the proposed investment was economically viable
definition: capable of working successfully; feasible.
antonyms: impracticable
origin: early 19th century: from French, from vie ‘life’, from Latin vita .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
workable|feasible|practicable|practical|applicable|usable|manageable|operable|operational|possible|within reach|within reason|likely|achievable|attainable|accomplishable|realizable|reasonable|sensible|realistic|logical|useful|of use|serviceable|suitable|expedient|effective|valid|tenable|sound|well advised|well thought out|well grounded|judicious|level-headed|wise|doable


word: VIADUCT
russian_word: виадук
origin: early 19th century: from Latin via ‘way’, on the pattern of aqueduct .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪədʌkt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪədʌkt
definition:
a long bridge-like structure, typically a series of arches, carrying a road or railway across a valley or other low ground.


word: VIAL
russian_word: флакон
origin: Middle English: alteration of phial.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəl
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəl
definition:
a small container, typically cylindrical and made of glass, used especially for holding liquid medicines.


word: VIATICUM
russian_word: деньги или провизия на дорогу
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin, neuter of viaticus, from via ‘road’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈatɪkəm
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈatɪkəm
definition:
the Eucharist as given to a person near or in danger of death.|a supply of provisions or an official allowance of money for a journey.


word: VIBE
russian_word: Вибе
example: we've been picking up some bad vibes on that guy
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vʌɪb
phonetics_text: vʌɪb
definition:
a person's emotional state or the atmosphere of a place as communicated to and felt by others.|another term for vibraphone.


word: VIBRANT
russian_word: яркий
example: a vibrant cosmopolitan city|Rose was vibrant with anger
definition: full of energy and life.|quivering; pulsating.
antonyms: spiritless|listless|dull
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvʌɪbr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪbr(ə)nt
synonyms:
spirited|lively|full of life|full of spirit|high-spirited|energetic|sprightly|vigorous|vital|full of vim and vigour|animated|sparkling|coruscating|effervescent|vivacious|dynamic|flamboyant|electrifying|dazzling|stimulating|exciting|dashing|passionate|fiery|determined|peppy|zippy|full of beans|feisty|spunky|have-a-go|ballsy

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘moving rapidly, vibrating’): from Latin vibrant- ‘shaking to and fro’, from the verb vibrare (see vibrate).


word: VIBRAPHONE
russian_word: виброфон
origin: 1920s: from vibrato + -phone.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪbrəfəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪbrəfəʊn
definition:
a musical percussion instrument with a double row of tuned metal bars, each above a tubular resonator containing a motor-driven rotating vane, giving a vibrato effect.


word: VIBRATE
russian_word: вибрировать
example: the cabin started to vibrate
definition: move continuously and rapidly to and fro.|(of a pendulum) swing to and fro.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vʌɪˈbreɪt
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈbreɪt
synonyms:
quiver|shake|tremble|quaver|waver|shiver|shudder|judder|jiggle|wobble|rock|undulate|move|heave|convulse|jerk|jolt|jar|oscillate|vacillate|swing|sway|move to and fro|swing back and forth|swing backwards and forwards|wave|agitate|waggle|wag|wigwag

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘give out light or sound as if by vibration’): from Latin vibrat- ‘moved to and fro’, from the verb vibrare .


word: VIBRATION
russian_word: вибрация
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin vibratio(n- ), from the verb vibrare (see vibrate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈbreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈbreɪʃ(ə)n
example:
powerful vibrations from an earthquake|I picked up no unusual vibrations as to the envelope's contents

definition:
an instance of vibrating.|a person's emotional state, the atmosphere of a place, or the associations of an object, as communicated to and felt by others.

synonyms:
quiver|quivering|shake|shaking|shaking movement|quaver|quavering|quake|quaking|tremble|trembling|tremor|judder|shiver|shivering|shudder|shuddering|oscillation|vacillation|reverberation|resonance|throbbing|throb|vibrating|pulsation|pulsing|rumbling|rumble|beating|beat|drumming|drum|thumping|thump|thrumming|thrum|pounding|pound|palpitating|palpitation|hum|humming|murmur|murmuring|drone|droning|buzz|buzzing


word: VIBRATO
russian_word: вибрато
example: a clean, light sound without vibrato
origin: mid 19th century: Italian, past participle of vibrare ‘vibrate’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈbrɑːtəʊ
phonetics_text: vɪˈbrɑːtəʊ
definition:
a rapid, slight variation in pitch in singing or playing some musical instruments, producing a stronger or richer tone.


word: VIBRATOR
russian_word: вибратор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈbreɪtə
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈbreɪtə
definition:
a device used for massage or sexual stimulation.|a device for compacting concrete before it has set.|a reed in a reed organ.


word: VIBRIO
russian_word: вибрион
origin: modern Latin, from Latin vibrare ‘vibrate’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪbrɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪbrɪəʊ|ˈvʌɪbrɪəʊ
definition:
a water-borne bacterium of a group that includes some pathogenic kinds that cause cholera, gastroenteritis, and septicaemia.


word: VIBRISSAE
russian_word: вибриссы
origin: late 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘nostril hairs’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈbrɪsiː
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈbrɪsiː
definition:
long stiff hairs growing around the mouth or elsewhere on the face of many mammals, used as organs of touch; whiskers.


word: VIBURNUM
russian_word: калина
origin: modern Latin, from Latin, ‘wayfaring tree’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈbəːnəm
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈbəːnəm
definition:
a shrub or small tree of temperate and warm regions, typically bearing flat or rounded clusters of small white flowers.


word: VICAR
russian_word: викарий
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪkə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪkə
definition:
(in the Church of England) an incumbent of a parish where tithes formerly passed to a chapter or religious house or layperson.

origin:
Middle English: via Anglo-Norman French from Old French vicaire, from Latin vicarius ‘substitute’, from vic- ‘change, turn, place’ (compare with vice2).


word: VICARIOUS
russian_word: чужой
example: this catalogue brings vicarious pleasure in luxury living|a vicarious atonement
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin vicarius ‘substitute’ (see vicar) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɪˈkɛːrɪəs
phonetics_text: vɪˈkɛːrɪəs|vʌɪˈkɛːrɪəs
definition:
experienced in the imagination through the feelings or actions of another person.|acting or done for another.

synonyms:
indirect|second-hand|secondary|derivative|derived|at one remove|surrogate|substitute|substituted|by proxy|empathetic|empathic


word: VICE
russian_word: заместитель
example: an open sewer of vice and crime
definition: immoral or wicked behaviour.
antonyms: virtue|righteousness
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin vitium .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪs
phonetics_text: vʌɪs
synonyms:
immorality|wrongdoing|wrong|wickedness|badness|evil-doing|evil|iniquity|villainy|venality|impurity|corruption|corruptness|misconduct|sin|sinfulness|ungodliness|godlessness|unholiness|unrighteousness|profanity|depravity|degeneracy|turpitude|sordidity|perversion|pervertedness|dissolution|dissipation|debauchery|decadence|lasciviousness|lewdness|lechery|lecherousness|degradation|crime|transgression|offence|immoral act|evil act|act of wickedness|fall from grace|trespass|peccability|peccancy


word: VICEGERENT
russian_word: наместник
definition: a person exercising delegated power on behalf of a sovereign or ruler.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪsˈdʒɪər(ə)nt
phonetics_text: vʌɪsˈdʒɪər(ə)nt|vʌɪsˈdʒɛr(ə)nt
origin:
mid 16th century: from medieval Latin vicegerent- ‘(person) holding office’, from Latin vic- ‘office, place, turn’ + gerere ‘carry on, hold’.


word: VICEROYALTY
russian_word: наместничество
definition: the office, position, or authority of a viceroy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪsrɔɪəlti
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪsrɔɪəlti|vʌɪsˈrɔɪəlti
example:
by creating a viceroyalty, the tsar went beyond the policy of devolution which had operated under Ermolov


word: VICINITY
russian_word: окрестности
example: the number of people living in the immediate vicinity was small
definition: the area near or surrounding a particular place.
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense ‘proximity’): from Latin vicinitas, from vicinus ‘neighbour’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈsɪnɪti
phonetics_text: vɪˈsɪnɪti
synonyms:
surrounding district|surrounding area|neighbourhood|locality|locale|local area|area|district|region|quarter|sector|territory|domain|place|zone|environs|surroundings|surrounds|precincts|purlieus|this neck of the woods|locus|vicinage


word: VICIOUS
russian_word: порочный
example: a vicious assault|every soul on earth, virtuous or vicious, shall perish
definition: deliberately cruel or violent.|immoral.|(of language or a line of reasoning) imperfect; defective.
antonyms: gentle|kindly|benevolent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪʃəs
phonetics_text: ˈvɪʃəs
synonyms:
brutal|ferocious|savage|violent|dangerous|ruthless|remorseless|merciless|heartless|callous|cruel|harsh|cold-blooded|inhuman|fierce|barbarous|barbaric|brutish|bestial|bloodthirsty|bloody|fiendish|sadistic|monstrous|villainous|murderous|homicidal|heinous|atrocious|diabolical|terrible|dreadful|awful|grim|beastly|fell|sanguinary|malicious|malevolent|malignant|malign|spiteful|vindictive|venomous|poisonous|baleful|virulent|pernicious|backbiting|rancorous|caustic|mean|bitter|acrimonious|hostile|hate-filled|menacing|nasty|unpleasant|evil|defamatory|slanderous|bitchy|catty|malefic|maleficent

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘characterized by immorality’): from Old French vicious or Latin vitiosus, from vitium ‘vice’.


word: VICISSITUDE
russian_word: перемена
example: her husband's sharp vicissitudes of fortune|the vicissitude of the seasons
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd
phonetics_text: vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd|vʌɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd
definition:
a change of circumstances or fortune, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant.|alternation between opposite or contrasting things.

synonyms:
change|alteration|alternation|transformation|metamorphosis|transmutation|mutation|modification|transition|development|shift|switch|turn|reversal|reverse|downturn|inconstancy|instability|uncertainty|unpredictability|chanciness|fickleness|variability|changeability|fluctuation|vacillation|ups and downs

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘alternation’): from French, or from Latin vicissitudo, from vicissim ‘by turns’, from vic- ‘turn, change’.


word: VICTIMIZE
russian_word: преследовать
example: they are victimized by racism or discriminatory barriers
definition: single (someone) out for cruel or unjust treatment.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɪktɪmʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈvɪktɪmʌɪz
synonyms:
exploit|prey on|take advantage of|swindle|dupe|cheat|trick|hoodwink|double-cross|defraud|persecute|pick on|push around|lean on|bully|abuse|discriminate against|ill-treat|mistreat|maltreat|harass|hound|torment|terrorize|torture|punish unfairly|get at|have it in for|have a down on|be down on|give someone a hard time|hassle|needle|get on someone's back|make things hot for someone|take for a ride|con|diddle|rip off|fleece


word: VICTIMOLOGY
russian_word: виктимология
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪktɪˈmɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: vɪktɪˈmɒlədʒi
example:
specialists in victimology will gather to consider how best to help the victims of crime recover|they must reject victimology if they are to achieve their full potential

definition:
the study of the victims of crime and the psychological effects of their experience.|a mental attitude which tends to indulge and perpetuate the feeling of being a victim.


word: VICTOR
russian_word: Виктор
example: congratulations to the victors
antonyms: loser|vanquished
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French victo(u)r or Latin victor, from vincere ‘conquer’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪktə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪktə
definition:
a person who defeats an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition.|a code word representing the letter V, used in radio communication.

synonyms:
winner|champion|conqueror|vanquisher|conquering hero|hero|prizewinner|medallist|cup winner|prizeman|conquistador|victor ludorum|champ|top dog|number one


word: VICTORIA
russian_word: Виктория
example: Atlanta 's finest could promenade in phaetons, victorias and tallyhos pulled by gleaming horses
origin: late 19th century: named after Queen Victoria (see Victoria2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪkˈtɔːrɪə
phonetics_text: vɪkˈtɔːrɪə
definition:
a light four-wheeled horse-drawn carriage with a collapsible hood, seats for two passengers, and an elevated driver's seat in front.


word: VICTORIOUS
russian_word: победоносный
example: a victorious army
definition: having won a victory; triumphant.
antonyms: unsuccessful|defeated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɪkˈtɔːrɪəs
phonetics_text: vɪkˈtɔːrɪəs
synonyms:
triumphant|conquering|vanquishing|winning|champion|successful|top|first|second to none|prizewinning|cup-winning|undefeated|unbeaten|unconquered|unvanquished|unsubdued

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French victorious, from Latin victoriosus, from victoria (see victory).


word: VICTORY
russian_word: победа
example: an election victory
definition: an act of defeating an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition.
antonyms: defeat
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French victorie, from Latin victoria .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪkt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈvɪkt(ə)ri
synonyms:
success|triumph|conquest|win|successful outcome|positive result|favourable result|landslide|achievement|coup|game|set|and match|conquering|beating|overpowering|vanquishment|crushing|mastery|superiority|supremacy|pre-eminence|the upper hand|walkover|thrashing|trouncing


word: VICTUAL
russian_word: запасаться провизией
example: turkey and other savoury victuals were served
definition: food or provisions.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɪt(ə)l
synonyms:
food|food and drink|fare|cooking|cuisine|sustenance|nutriment|nourishment|nutrition|bread|daily bread|foodstuffs|refreshments|eatables|edibles|food supplies|provisions|rations|stores|staples|vivers|eats|grub|nosh|chow|scoff|tuck|nibbles|scran|chuck|viands|commons|meat|comestibles|provender|aliment|commissariat|pabulum|viaticum

origin:
Middle English: from Old French vitaille, from late Latin victualia, neuter plural of Latin victualis, from victus ‘food’; related to vivere ‘to live’. The pronunciation still represents the early spelling vittel ; later spelling has been influenced by the Latin form.


word: VIDE
russian_word: смотри
example: vide the comments cited in Schlosser
origin: Latin, ‘see!’, imperative of videre .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɪdeɪ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdeɪ|ˈviːdeɪ|ˈvʌɪdi
definition:
see; consult (used as an instruction in a text to refer the reader to a specified passage, book, author, etc., for further information).


word: VIDEO
russian_word: видео
origin: 1930s: from Latin videre ‘to see’, on the pattern of audio .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɪdɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdɪəʊ
example:
it's a great option for anyone looking to start using video to talk over the Net|she could post videos of the event on the internet

definition:
the recording, reproducing, or broadcasting of moving visual images.|a recording of moving visual images made digitally or on videotape.


word: VIDEOCONFERENCE
russian_word: видеоконференция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪdɪəʊˌkɒnf(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdɪəʊˌkɒnf(ə)r(ə)ns
definition:
a conference in which participants in different locations are able to communicate with each other in sound and vision.


word: VIDICON
russian_word: видикон
origin: 1950s: from the initial elements of video and iconoscope (an early television camera tube).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪdɪkɒn
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdɪkɒn
definition:
a small television camera tube in which the image is formed on a transparent electrode coated with photoconductive material, the current from which varies as it is scanned by a beam of low-speed electrons.


word: VIE
russian_word: соперничать
example: the athletes were vying for a place in the British team
definition: compete eagerly with someone in order to do or achieve something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vʌɪ
phonetics_text: vʌɪ
synonyms:
compete|contend|contest|struggle|fight|battle|cross swords|lock horns|jockey|jostle|grapple|wrestle|war|wage war|feud

origin:
mid 16th century: probably a shortening of obsolete envy, via Old French from Latin invitare ‘challenge’.


word: VIEW
russian_word: вид
example: the end of the tunnel came into view|a fine view of the castle|strong political views
synonyms: sight|perspective|field of vision|range of vision|vision|visibility|eyeshot
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vjuː
phonetics_text: vjuː
definition:
the ability to see something or to be seen from a particular place.|a sight or prospect, typically of attractive natural scenery, that can be taken in by the eye from a particular place.|a particular way of considering or regarding something; an attitude or opinion.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French vieue, feminine past participle of veoir ‘see’, from Latin videre . The verb dates from the early 16th century.


word: VIEWDATA
russian_word: видеоданные
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvjuːdeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈvjuːdeɪtə
definition:
a news and information service in which computer data is sent by a telephone link and displayed on a monitor.


word: VIEWER
russian_word: зритель
example: the viewer of paintings or sculpture|a slide viewer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvjuːə
phonetics_text: ˈvjuːə
definition:
a person who looks at or inspects something.|a device for looking at film transparencies or similar photographic images.

synonyms:
watcher|television watcher|spectator|onlooker|observer|non-participant|witness|eyewitness|looker-on|audience|crowd|couch potato|beholder


word: VIEWFINDER
russian_word: видоискатель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvjuːfʌɪndə
phonetics_text: ˈvjuːfʌɪndə
definition:
a device on a camera showing the field of view of the lens, used in framing and focusing the picture.


word: VIEWPOINT
russian_word: точка зрения
example: I do try to put over our viewpoint
definition: a position giving a good view.|a person's opinion or point of view.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvjuːpɔɪnt
phonetics_text: ˈvjuːpɔɪnt
synonyms:
way of thinking|point of view|view|frame of reference|outlook|perspective|angle|slant|standpoint|position|posture|stance|stand|attitude|opinion|belief|judgement|interpretation|thought|school of thought|mind|line|policy|ideas|thoughts|sentiments|feelings


word: VIGIL
russian_word: бдение
example: my birdwatching vigils lasted for hours
origin: Middle English (in vigil (sense 2)): via Old French from Latin vigilia, from vigil ‘awake’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪdʒɪl
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdʒɪl
definition:
a period of keeping awake during the time usually spent asleep, especially to keep watch or pray.|(in the Christian Church) the eve of a festival or holy day as an occasion of religious observance.


word: VIGILANCE
russian_word: бдительность
example: security duties that demand long hours of vigilance
definition: the action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
antonyms: inattentiveness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪdʒɪl(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdʒɪl(ə)ns
synonyms:
watchfulness|careful observation|surveillance|attentiveness|attention|alertness|guardedness|carefulness|care|caution|cautiousness|wariness|chariness|circumspection|prudence|heedfulness|heed|mindfulness

origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from Latin vigilantia, from vigilare ‘keep awake’, from vigil (see vigil).


word: VIGILANT
russian_word: бдительный
example: the burglar was spotted by vigilant neighbours
definition: keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
antonyms: negligent|inattentive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪdʒɪl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvɪdʒɪl(ə)nt
synonyms:
watchful|on the lookout|observant|sharp-eyed|keen-eyed|gimlet-eyed|eagle-eyed|hawk-eyed|with eyes like a hawk|with one's eyes open|attentive|paying attention|alert|on the alert|on one's toes|on the qui vive|awake|wide awake|unsleeping|on one's guard|on guard|concentrating|careful|cautious|wary|chary|circumspect|prudent|heedful|mindful|prepared|ready|beady-eyed|not missing a trick|on the ball|leery|regardful|Argus-eyed

origin:
late 15th century: from Latin vigilant- ‘keeping awake’, from the verb vigilare, from vigil (see vigil).


word: VIGILANTE
russian_word: бдительности
origin: mid 19th century: from Spanish, literally ‘vigilant’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪdʒɪˈlanti
phonetics_text: ˌvɪdʒɪˈlanti
definition:
a member of a self-appointed group of citizens who undertake law enforcement in their community without legal authority, typically because the legal agencies are thought to be inadequate.


word: VIGNETTE
russian_word: виньетка
example: a classic vignette of embassy life
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: viːˈnjɛt
phonetics_text: viːˈnjɛt|vɪˈnjɛt
definition:
a brief evocative description, account, or episode.|a small illustration or portrait photograph which fades into its background without a definite border.|a small ornamental design filling a space in a book or carving, typically based on foliage.

origin:
late Middle English (in vignette (sense 3 of the noun); also as an architectural term denoting a carved representation of a vine): from French, diminutive of vigne ‘vine’.


word: VIGOROUS
russian_word: энергичный
example: a tall, vigorous, and muscular man
definition: strong, healthy, and full of energy.
antonyms: frail|weak
origin: Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin vigorosus, from Latin vigor (see vigour).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪɡ(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈvɪɡ(ə)rəs
synonyms:
robust|healthy|in good health|hale and hearty|strong|strong as an ox/horse/lion|sturdy|fine|fit|in good condition|in tip-top condition|in good shape|in good trim|in good kilter|hardy|tough|athletic|strapping|able-bodied|bouncing|thriving|flourishing|blooming|energetic|lively|active|spry|sprightly|perky|playful|jaunty|vivacious|animated|spirited|high-spirited|dynamic|vibrant|full of life|vital|sparkling|effervescent|zestful|buoyant|tireless|indefatigable|go-getting|zippy|peppy|bouncy|upbeat|full of vim|full of beans|raring to go|bright-eyed and bushy-tailed|in the pink|fit as a fiddle|wick|chipper


word: VIGOROUSLY
russian_word: энергично
example: she shook her head vigorously
definition: in a way that involves physical strength, effort, or energy; strenuously.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvɪɡ(ə)rəsli
phonetics_text: ˈvɪɡ(ə)rəsli
synonyms:
strenuously|with great vigour|strongly|powerfully|potently|forcefully|with force|forcibly|energetically|aggressively|heartily|eagerly|with eagerness|enthusiastically|with enthusiasm|with great effort|with all one's might|with might and main|with a will|for dear life|for all one is worth|to the best of one's abilities|as best one can|all out|with a vengeance|fiercely|intensely|hard|as hard as possible|as hard as one can|with all the stops out|like the devil|like the deuce|at full tilt|like mad|like crazy|like nobody's business|like it's going out of style|like billy-o|hammer and tongs|going great guns


word: VIGOUR
russian_word: сила
example: I was 79, but still full of vigour and vitality
definition: physical strength and good health.
antonyms: weakness|listlessness|lethargy
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from Latin vigor, from vigere ‘be lively’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪɡə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪɡə
synonyms:
robustness|healthiness|good health|hardiness|strength|stamina|sturdiness|fitness|good shape|good trim|good condition|fine fettle|toughness|ruggedness|muscle|power|bloom|radiance|sap|energy|activity|liveliness|life|spryness|sprightliness|vitality|vivacity|vivaciousness|verve|animation|spiritedness|spirit|enthusiasm|fire|fieriness|fervour|ardour|zeal|passion|might|forcefulness|determination|intensity|dynamism|sparkle|effervescence|zest|dash|snap|spark|gusto|pep|bounce|exuberance|drive|push|elan|zip|zing|oomph|vim|go|get-up-and-go|punch|welly|thew|thewiness


word: VIHUELA
russian_word: виуэлы
origin: mid 19th century: Spanish.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈ(h)weɪlə
phonetics_text: vɪˈ(h)weɪlə
definition:
a type of early Spanish stringed musical instrument, in particular vihuela de mano, a type of guitar, and vihuela de arco, a type of viol.


word: VIKING
russian_word: викинг
origin: from Old Norse víkingr, from vík ‘creek’ or Old English wīc ‘camp, dwelling place’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪkɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪkɪŋ
definition:
any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of north-western Europe in the 8th–11th centuries.


word: VILAYET
russian_word: вилайет
origin: Turkish, from Arabic wilāya(t ) ‘government, administrative district’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈlɑːjɛt
phonetics_text: vɪˈlɑːjɛt
definition:
(in Turkey, and formerly in the Ottoman Empire) a major administrative district or province with its own governor.


word: VILE
russian_word: подлый
example: he has a vile temper
definition: extremely unpleasant.
antonyms: pleasant
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin vilis ‘of low value’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vʌɪl
phonetics_text: vʌɪl
synonyms:
foul|nasty|unpleasant|bad|disagreeable|horrid|horrible|dreadful|abominable|atrocious|offensive|obnoxious|odious|unsavoury|repulsive|off-putting|repellent|revolting|repugnant|disgusting|distasteful|loathsome|hateful|nauseating|sickening|base|low|mean|wretched|disgraceful|appalling|shocking|ugly|vulgar|sorry|shabby|shameful|dishonourable|execrable|heinous|abhorrent|deplorable|monstrous|wicked|evil|dark|dirty|vicious|iniquitous|sinful|corrupt|sordid|depraved|perverted|debased|reprobate|degenerate|debauched|dissolute|contemptible|despicable|reprehensible|diabolical|diabolic|devilish|fiendish|hellish|damnable|yucky|sick-making|gut-churning|icky|gross|godawful|low-down|rotten|sick|beastly|bogging|lousy|vomitous|noisome|scurvy|disgustful|loathly|egregious|flagitious|shitty


word: VILIFICATION
russian_word: поношение
example: the widespread vilification of politicians
definition: abusively disparaging speech or writing.
antonyms: praise
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪlɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌvɪlɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
condemnation|criticism|censure|castigation|denunciation|vituperation|abuse|flak|defamation|denigration|disparagement|obloquy|opprobrium|derogation|slander|revilement|reviling|calumny|calumniation|execration|excoriation|lambasting|upbraiding|a bad press|character assassination|attack|invective|libel|insults|aspersions|mud-slinging|bad-mouthing|tongue-lashing|stick|verbal|slagging off|contumely|animadversion|objurgation


word: VILIFY
russian_word: поносить
example: he has been vilified in the press
definition: speak or write about in an abusively disparaging manner.
antonyms: commend|lionize
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɪlɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
disparage|denigrate|defame|run down|revile|berate|belittle|abuse|insult|slight|attack|speak ill of|speak evil of|pour scorn on|cast aspersions on|criticize|censure|condemn|decry|denounce|pillory|lambast|fulminate against|rail against|inveigh against|malign|slander|libel|spread lies about|blacken the name/reputation of|sully the reputation of|give someone a bad name|bring someone into disrepute|discredit|stigmatize|traduce|calumniate|impugn|slur|do down|do a hatchet job on|take to pieces|pull apart|throw mud at|drag through the mud|have a go at|hit out at|jump on|lay into|tear into|knock|slam|pan|bash|hammer|roast|skewer|bad-mouth|throw brickbats at|rubbish|slag off|monster|slate|pummel|dump on|bag|contemn|derogate|vituperate|asperse|vilipend

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘lower in value’): from late Latin vilificare, from Latin vilis ‘of low value’ (see vile).


word: VILL
russian_word: пос
origin: early 17th century: from Anglo-Norman French, from Latin villa ‘country house’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪl
phonetics_text: vɪl
definition:
(in medieval England) the smallest administrative unit under the feudal system, consisting of a number of houses and their adjacent lands, roughly corresponding to the modern parish.


word: VILLA
russian_word: вилла
origin: early 17th century: from Italian, from Latin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪlə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlə
definition:
(especially in continental Europe) a large and luxurious country house in its own grounds.|a large country house of Roman times, having an estate and consisting of farm and residential buildings arranged around a courtyard.


word: VILLAGE
russian_word: деревня
example: pretty fishing villages
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin villa ‘country house’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪlɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlɪdʒ
definition:
a group of houses and associated buildings, larger than a hamlet and smaller than a town, situated in a rural area.|a select suburban shopping centre.


word: VILLAGIZATION
russian_word: деревням
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪlɪdʒʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌvɪlɪdʒʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
(in Africa and Asia) the concentration of the population in villages as opposed to scattered settlements.


word: VILLAIN
russian_word: злодей
example: a pantomime villain
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪlən
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlən
definition:
(in a film, novel, or play) a character whose evil actions or motives are important to the plot.|variant spelling of villein.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘a rustic, boor’): from Old French vilein, based on Latin villa (see villa).


word: VILLAINESS
russian_word: злодейка
example: she's portrayed as a glowering villainess, accompanied by ominous music as she enters
origin: late 16th century: from villain + -ess1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪlənɛs
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlənɛs
definition:
(in a film, novel, or play) a female character whose evil actions or motives are important to the plot.


word: VILLAINOUS
russian_word: злодейский
example: a villainous plot|a villainous smell
definition: relating to, constituting, or guilty of wicked or criminal behaviour.|extremely bad or unpleasant.
antonyms: good|virtuous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪlənəs
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlənəs
synonyms:
wicked|evil|iniquitous|sinful|nefarious|vile|foul|monstrous|shocking|outrageous|atrocious|abominable|reprehensible|hateful|detestable|despicable|odious|contemptible|horrible|heinous|execrable|diabolical|diabolic|fiendish|vicious|murderous|barbarous|black|dark|rotten|criminal|illicit|unlawful|illegal|illegitimate|lawless|felonious|indictable|transgressing|wrong|immoral|corrupt|degenerate|reprobate|sordid|depraved|dissolute|bad|base|dishonourable|dishonest|unscrupulous|unprincipled|underhand|roguish|crooked|bent|warped|low-down|stinking|dirty|shady|rascally|scoundrelly|beastly|not cricket|malfeasant|dastardly|egregious|flagitious


word: VILLAINY
russian_word: злодейство
example: the villainy of professional racketeers
definition: wicked or criminal behaviour.
origin: Middle English: from Old French vilenie, from vilein (see villain).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪləni
phonetics_text: ˈvɪləni
synonyms:
wickedness|badness|evil|evil-doing|sin|sinfulness|iniquity|vileness|baseness|wrong|wrongdoing|dishonesty|double-dealing|unscrupulousness|roguery|rascality|delinquency|disgrace|viciousness|degeneracy|depravity|dissolution|dissipation|immorality|turpitude|devilry|devilishness|heinousness|crime|vice|criminality|lawlessness|lawbreaking|corruption|venality|offence|misdeed|misconduct|transgression|crookedness|shadiness|malfeasance|knavery|deviltry


word: VILLANELLE
russian_word: Вилланелла
origin: late 19th century: from French, from Italian villanella (see villanella).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪləˈnɛl
phonetics_text: ˌvɪləˈnɛl
definition:
a pastoral or lyrical poem of nineteen lines, with only two rhymes throughout, and some lines repeated.


word: VILLEIN
russian_word: виллан
origin: Middle English: variant of villain.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪlən
phonetics_text: ˈvɪlən|ˈvɪleɪn
definition:
(in medieval England) a feudal tenant entirely subject to a lord or manor to whom he paid dues and services in return for land.


word: VILLUS
russian_word: ворсинка
origin: early 18th century: from Latin, literally ‘shaggy hair’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪləs
phonetics_text: ˈvɪləs
definition:
any of the fingerlike or threadlike projections from the surface of certain membranous structures, typically serving to increase surface area and facilitate the passage of fluid or nutrients.


word: VINAIGRETTE
russian_word: флакон с нюхательной солью
origin: French, diminutive of vinaigre ‘vinegar’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪnɪˈɡrɛt
phonetics_text: ˌvɪnɪˈɡrɛt|ˌvɪneɪˈɡrɛt
definition:
salad dressing of oil, wine vinegar, and seasoning.|a small ornamental bottle for holding smelling salts.


word: VINBLASTINE
russian_word: винбластин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪnˈblastiːn
phonetics_text: vɪnˈblastiːn
definition:
a cytotoxic compound of the alkaloid class obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used in the treatment of lymphomas.

origin:
1960s: from modern Latin Vinca (see vinca) + (leuco)blast (a cell from which a leucocyte develops) + -ine4.


word: VINCRISTINE
russian_word: винкристин
origin: 1960s: from modern Latin Vinca (see vinca) + a second element perhaps based on crista + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪnˈkrɪstiːn
phonetics_text: vɪnˈkrɪstiːn
definition:
a cytotoxic compound of the alkaloid class obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle and used to treat acute leukaemia and other cancers.


word: VINCULUM
russian_word: уздечка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪŋkjʊləm
phonetics_text: ˈvɪŋkjʊləm
definition:
a connecting band of tissue, such as that attaching a flexor tendon to the bone of a finger or toe.|a horizontal line drawn over a group of terms in a mathematical expression to indicate that they are to be operated on as a single entity by the preceding or following operator.

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘bond, tie’): from Latin, literally ‘bond’, from vincire ‘bind’. The term has been used in anatomy since the mid 19th century.


word: VINDICATE
russian_word: отстаивать
example: hospital staff were vindicated by the inquest verdict
definition: clear (someone) of blame or suspicion.
antonyms: convict|blame|incriminate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɪndɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɪndɪkeɪt
synonyms:
acquit|clear|absolve|free from blame|declare innocent|exonerate|exculpate|discharge|liberate|free|deliver|redeem|let off|let off the hook

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘deliver, rescue’): from Latin vindicat- ‘claimed, avenged’, from the verb vindicare, from vindex, vindic- ‘claimant, avenger’.


word: VINDICTIVE
russian_word: мстительный
example: the criticism was both vindictive and personalized
definition: having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge.
antonyms: forgiving
origin: early 17th century: from Latin vindicta ‘vengeance’ + -ive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɪnˈdɪktɪv
phonetics_text: vɪnˈdɪktɪv
synonyms:
vengeful|out for revenge|revengeful|avenging|unforgiving|grudge-bearing|resentful|ill-disposed|implacable|unrelenting|acrimonious|bitter|spiteful|mean|mean-spirited|rancorous|venomous|poisonous|malicious|malevolent|malignant|malign|evil|evil-intentioned|nasty|cruel|unkind|ill-natured|baleful|catty|bitchy|malefic|maleficent


word: VINEGAR
russian_word: уксус
origin: Middle English: from Old French vyn egre, based on Latin vinum ‘wine’ + acer ‘sour’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪnɪɡə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪnɪɡə
definition:
a sour-tasting liquid containing acetic acid, obtained by fermenting dilute alcoholic liquids, typically wine, cider, or beer, and used as a condiment or for pickling.


word: VINTAGE
russian_word: сбор винограда
example: 1982 is one of the best vintages of the century|rifles of various sizes and vintages
synonyms: year
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪntɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪntɪdʒ
definition:
the year or place in which wine, especially wine of high quality, was produced.|the time that something of quality was produced.

origin:
late Middle English: alteration (influenced by vintner) of earlier vendage, from Old French vendange, from Latin vindemia (from vinum ‘wine’ + demere ‘remove’).


word: VINTNER
russian_word: виноторговец
definition: a wine merchant.|a producer of wine; a winegrower.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪntnə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪntnə
origin:
late Middle English: via Anglo-Latin from Old French vinetier, from medieval Latin vinetarius, from Latin vinetum ‘vineyard’, from vinum ‘wine’.


word: VINYL
russian_word: винил
example: the vinyl is cut to size with a craft knife|a vinyl group
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin vinum ‘wine’ + -yl.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪn(ə)l
definition:
synthetic resin or plastic consisting of polyvinyl chloride or a related polymer, used for wallpapers and other covering materials and for records.|of or denoting the unsaturated hydrocarbon radical —CH=CH2, derived from ethylene by removal of a hydrogen atom.


word: VIOL
russian_word: виола
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəl
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəl
definition:
a musical instrument of the Renaissance and baroque periods, typically six-stringed, held vertically and played with a bow.

origin:
late 15th century (originally denoting a violin-like instrument): from Old French viele, from Provençal viola ; probably related to fiddle.


word: VIOLATE
russian_word: нарушать
example: they violated the terms of a ceasefire|he was accused of violating a tomb
antonyms: comply with
origin: late Middle English: from Latin violat- ‘treated violently’, from the verb violare .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəleɪt
definition:
break or fail to comply with (a rule or formal agreement).|treat (something sacred) with irreverence or disrespect.|rape or sexually assault (someone).

synonyms:
contravene|breach|commit a breach of|infringe|infract|break|transgress|overstep|not comply with|disobey|defy|flout|fly in the face of|rebel against|disregard|ignore|pay no heed to|take no notice of|set at naught


word: VIOLATION
russian_word: нарушение
example: the aircraft were in violation of UN resolutions
definition: the action of violating someone or something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪəˈleɪʃn
phonetics_text: vʌɪəˈleɪʃn
synonyms:
contravention|breach|infringement|infraction|breaking|transgression|non-observance|lack of compliance with|disobeying|disobedience|defiance|defying|flouting|flying in the face of|rebelling against|neglect|ignoring|paying no heed to|taking no notice of|invasion|interruption|trespass|intrusion|encroachment|disruption|disturbance|upset|rape|sexual assault|indecent assault|sexual abuse|abuse|molestation|molesting|interference|interfering|seduction|seducing|bedding|ravishing|ravishment|deflowering|defloration|defilement|dishonour|ruin|ruination


word: VIOLATOR
russian_word: нарушитель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəleɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəleɪtə
example:
a major crackdown on violators of immigration regulations|a violator of nature|Monica is able to name the violators of her body

definition:
a person who breaks or fails to comply with a rule or formal agreement.|a person who treats something with irreverence or disrespect.|a person who rapes or sexually assaults someone.


word: VIOLENCE
russian_word: насилие
example: violence erupted in protest marches|I was surprised at the violence of my feelings
antonyms: gentleness|kindness|weakness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəl(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəl(ə)ns
definition:
behaviour involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something.|strength of emotion or of a destructive natural force.

synonyms:
brutality|brute force|roughness|ferocity|fierceness|savagery|cruelty|sadism|barbarity|barbarousness|brutishness|murderousness|bloodthirstiness|ruthlessness|inhumanity|heartlessness|pitilessness|mercilessness|strong-arm tactics|ferity|forcefulness|force|full force|power|powerfulness|strength|might|destructiveness

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin violentia, from violent- ‘vehement, violent’ (see violent).


word: VIOLENT
russian_word: насильственный
example: a violent confrontation with riot police|violent dislike
antonyms: gentle|weak
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvʌɪəl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪəl(ə)nt
definition:
using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something.|(especially of an emotion or a destructive natural force) very strong or powerful.

synonyms:
brutal|vicious|savage|harsh|rough|aggressive|bullying|threatening|terrorizing|fierce|wild|intemperate|hot-headed|hot-tempered|bloodthirsty|ferocious|berserk|frenzied|in a frenzy|out of control|barbarous|barbaric|thuggish|cut-throat|homicidal|murderous|maniacal|rabid|inhuman|heartless|callous|ruthless|merciless|pitiless|cruel|radge|powerful|forceful|hard|sharp|smart|strong|vigorous|mighty|hefty|thunderous|destructive|damaging|painful|lethal|deadly|fatal|mortal|death-dealing

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘having a marked or powerful effect’): via Old French from Latin violent- ‘vehement, violent’.


word: VIOLENTLY
russian_word: яростно
example: I was once violently assaulted on a bus|he coughed violently
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvʌɪələntli
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪələntli
definition:
using physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something.|in a very strong or vigorous manner.


word: VIOLET
russian_word: фиолетовый
example: a beautiful blue with a tinge of violet
origin: Middle English: from Old French violette, diminutive of viole, from Latin viola ‘violet’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvʌɪələt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪələt
definition:
a herbaceous plant of temperate regions, typically having purple, blue, or white five-petalled flowers, one petal of which forms a landing pad for pollinating insects.|a bluish-purple colour seen at the end of the spectrum opposite red.


word: VIOLIN
russian_word: скрипка
origin: late 16th century: from Italian violino, diminutive of viola (see viola1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪəˈlɪn
phonetics_text: vʌɪəˈlɪn|ˈvʌɪəlɪn
definition:
a stringed musical instrument of treble pitch, played with a horsehair bow. The classical European violin was developed in the 16th century. It has four strings and a body of characteristic rounded shape, narrowed at the middle and with two f-shaped soundholes.


word: VIPER
russian_word: гадюка
origin: early 16th century: from French vipère or Latin vipera, from vivus ‘alive’ + parere ‘bring forth’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪpə
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪpə
definition:
a venomous snake with large hinged fangs, typically having a broad head and stout body, with dark patterns on a lighter background.


word: VIRAGO
russian_word: бой-баба
example: the campaigns of these indignant viragoes will come to naught
definition: a domineering, violent, or bad-tempered woman.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈrɑːɡəʊ
phonetics_text: vɪˈrɑːɡəʊ|vɪˈreɪɡəʊ
synonyms:
harridan|shrew|dragon|termagant|vixen|fishwife|witch|hellcat|she-devil|tartar|martinet|spitfire|hag|gorgon|fury|ogress|harpy|nag|trout|battleaxe|old bag|old bat|cow|bitch|targe|scold|Xanthippe

origin:
Old English (used only as the name given by Adam to Eve, following the Vulgate), from Latin ‘heroic woman, female warrior’, from vir ‘man’. The current sense dates from late Middle English.


word: VIRAL
russian_word: вирусный
example: a severe viral infection|a viral ad campaign
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪr(ə)l
definition:
of the nature of, caused by, or relating to a virus or viruses.|(of an image, video, piece of information, etc.) circulated rapidly and widely from one internet user to another.


word: VIRGA
russian_word: вирга
example: the ghostly apparition of virga—an indicator of violent downdraughts
origin: 1940s: from Latin, literally ‘rod, stripe’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːɡə
phonetics_text: ˈvəːɡə
definition:
a mass of streaks of rain appearing to hang under a cloud and evaporating before reaching the ground.


word: VIRGIN
russian_word: девственница
example: she's still a virgin|he's a political virgin
synonyms: maiden|unmarried girl|maid|vestal virgin|chaste woman|celibate|virgo intacta|vestal
origin: Middle English: from Old French virgine, from Latin virgo, virgin- .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvəːdʒɪn
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdʒɪn
definition:
a person who has never had sexual intercourse.|a person who is naive, innocent, or inexperienced in a particular context.|a female insect that produces eggs without being fertilized.


word: VIRGINAL
russian_word: девственный
example: virginal shyness
definition: being, relating to, or appropriate for a virgin.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvəːdʒɪn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəːdʒɪn(ə)l
synonyms:
chaste|virgin|celibate|abstinent|self-restrained|self-denying|unmarried|unwed|maiden|maidenly|pure|pure as the driven snow|virtuous|uncorrupted|incorrupt|undefiled|unblemished|unsullied|innocent|sinless|moral|decent|demure|vestal

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin virginalis, from virgo ‘young woman’. The musical instrument is perhaps so called because it was usually played by young women.


word: VIRGINITY
russian_word: девственность
example: I lost my virginity
definition: the state of never having had sexual intercourse.
origin: Middle English: from Old French virginite, from Latin virginitas, from virgo (see virgin).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈdʒɪnɪti
phonetics_text: vəˈdʒɪnɪti
synonyms:
chastity|maidenhood|chasteness|virtue|honour|purity|pureness|innocence|decency|virtuousness|respectability|dignity|modesty|lack of sin|sinlessness|spotlessness|celibacy|abstinence|self-restraint|self-denial|cherry|immaculateness


word: VIRIDESCENT
russian_word: зеленоватый
example: viridescent vegetation
definition: greenish or becoming green.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌvɪrɪˈdɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌvɪrɪˈdɛs(ə)nt
origin:
mid 19th century: from late Latin viridescent- ‘becoming green’, from the verb viridescere, from Latin viridis ‘green’.


word: VIRILE
russian_word: мужественный
example: he was a powerful, virile man
definition: having strength, energy, and a strong sex drive (typically used of a man).
antonyms: unmanly|effeminate|weak
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪrʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈvɪrʌɪl
synonyms:
manly|masculine|male|all-male|gallant|chivalrous|swashbuckling|valiant|valorous|courageous|brave|intrepid|fearless|stout-hearted|lionhearted|bold|heroic|daring|strong|tough|vigorous|robust|powerfully built|well made|well built|muscular|muscly|brawny|rugged|strapping|sturdy|hefty|husky|burly|solid|substantial|red-blooded|sexually potent|fertile|fecund|macho|laddish|butch|beefy|hunky|studly|ripped|shredded|buff|jacked

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘characteristic of a man’): from French viril or Latin virilis, from vir ‘man’.


word: VIRILITY
russian_word: мужественность
example: great importance is placed on a man's virility
definition: (in a man) the quality of having strength, energy, and a strong sex drive; manliness.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈrɪlɪti
phonetics_text: vɪˈrɪlɪti
synonyms:
manliness|masculinity|maleness|manfulness|manhood|machismo|gallantry|chivalry|valour|valiance|fearlessness|bravery|intrepidity|stout-heartedness|lionheartedness|boldness|daring|heroism|mettle|spirit|strength|vigour|toughness|robustness|powerful build|muscularity|muscle|brawniness|sturdiness|ruggedness|heftiness|huskiness|red-bloodedness|sexual potency|potency|sexuality|fertility|fecundity|laddishness|hunkiness|beefiness


word: VIRILIZATION
russian_word: вирилизация
example: excessive growth of body hair is a common symptom of virilization
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪrɪlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌvɪrɪlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the development of male physical characteristics (such as muscle bulk, body hair, and deep voice) in a female or precociously in a boy, typically as a result of excess androgen production.


word: VIROID
russian_word: вироид
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪrɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪrɔɪd
definition:
an infectious entity affecting plants, smaller than a virus and consisting only of nucleic acid without a protein coat.


word: VIRTUAL
russian_word: виртуальный
example: the virtual absence of border controls|virtual images
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvəːtʃʊ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtʃʊ(ə)l|ˈvəːtjʊəl
definition:
almost or nearly as described, but not completely or according to strict definition.|not physically existing as such but made by software to appear to do so.|relating to the points at which rays would meet if produced backwards.|relating to or denoting infinitesimal displacements of a point in a system.|denoting particles or interactions with extremely short lifetimes and (owing to the uncertainty principle) indefinitely great energies, postulated as intermediates in some processes.

synonyms:
effective|in effect|near|near enough|essential|practical|for all practical purposes|to all intents and purposes|in all but name|indirect|implied|implicit|unacknowledged|tacit

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘possessing certain virtues’): from medieval Latin virtualis, from Latin virtus ‘virtue’, suggested by late Latin virtuosus .


word: VIRTUALLY
russian_word: фактически
example: the disease destroyed virtually all the vineyards in Orange County
definition: nearly; almost.|by means of virtual reality techniques.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvəːtʃʊəli
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtʃʊəli
synonyms:
in effect|effectively|all but|more or less|practically|almost|nearly|close to|approaching|not far from|nearing|verging on|bordering on|well nigh|nigh on|just about|as good as|essentially|in essence|in practical terms|for all practical purposes|to all intents and purposes|in all but name|roughly|approximately|not quite|plus-minus|pretty much|pretty nearly|pretty well|as near as dammit


word: VIRTUE
russian_word: добродетель
example: paragons of virtue
antonyms: vice|iniquity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvəːtʃuː
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtʃuː|ˈvəːtjuː
definition:
behaviour showing high moral standards.|(in traditional Christian angelology) the seventh-highest order of the ninefold celestial hierarchy.

synonyms:
goodness|virtuousness|righteousness|morality|ethicalness|uprightness|upstandingness|integrity|dignity|rectitude|honesty|honourableness|honourability|honour|incorruptibility|probity|propriety|decency|respectability|nobility|nobility of soul/spirit|nobleness|worthiness|worth|good|trustworthiness|meritoriousness|irreproachableness|blamelessness|purity|pureness|lack of corruption|merit|principles|high principles|ethics

origin:
Middle English: from Old French vertu, from Latin virtus ‘valour, merit, moral perfection’, from vir ‘man’.


word: VIRTUOSITY
russian_word: виртуозность
example: a performance of considerable virtuosity
definition: great skill in music or another artistic pursuit.
antonyms: lack of skill
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvəːtʃʊˈɒsɪti
phonetics_text: ˌvəːtʃʊˈɒsɪti
synonyms:
skill|skilfulness|mastery|expertise|expertness|prowess|proficiency|ability|aptitude|adroitness|dexterity|deftness|excellence|brilliance|talent|genius|artistry|technique|art|creativity|flair|finish|polish|panache|finesse|wizardry|calibre|quality|professionalism|craftsmanship|handiness|workmanship|musicianship|éclat|know-how


word: VIRTUOSO
russian_word: виртуоз
example: a celebrated clarinet virtuoso
antonyms: beginner|amateur|duffer|inexpert|incompetent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvəːtʃʊˈəʊsəʊ
phonetics_text: ˌvəːtʃʊˈəʊsəʊ|ˌvəːtʃʊˈəʊzəʊ
definition:
a person highly skilled in music or another artistic pursuit.|a person with a special knowledge of or interest in works of art or curios.

synonyms:
genius|expert|master|master hand|artist|maestro|prodigy|marvel|adept|past master|specialist|skilled person|professional|doyen|authority|veteran|star|champion|wunderkind|hotshot|wizard|wiz|whizz|whizz-kid|alpha geek|ninja|buff|pro|ace|something else|something to shout about|something to write home about|dab hand|maven|crackerjack|proficient|skilful|accomplished|masterly|consummate|talented|gifted|adroit|dexterous|deft|able|good|competent|capable|efficient|experienced|polished|well versed|smart|clever|artful|impressive|outstanding|exceptional|exceptionally good|magnificent|supreme|first-rate|first-class|fine|brilliant|excellent|dazzling|bravura|superb|out of this world|stellar|mean|crack|A1|badass|shit-hot

origin:
early 17th century: from Italian, literally ‘learned, skilful’, from late Latin virtuosus (see virtuous).


word: VIRTUOUS
russian_word: добродетельный
example: she considered herself very virtuous because she neither drank nor smoked
definition: having or showing high moral standards.
antonyms: bad|sinful
origin: Middle English: from Old French vertuous, from late Latin virtuosus, from virtus ‘virtue’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvəːtʃʊəs
phonetics_text: ˈvəːtʃʊəs|ˈvəːtjʊəs
synonyms:
righteous|good|moral|morally correct|ethical|upright|upstanding|high-minded|right-minded|right-thinking|principled|exemplary|clean|law-abiding|lawful|irreproachable|blameless|guiltless|unimpeachable|just|honest|honourable|unbribable|incorruptible|anti-corruption|scrupulous|reputable|decent|respectable|noble|lofty|elevated|worthy|trustworthy|meritorious|praiseworthy|commendable|admirable|laudable|pure|pure as the driven snow|whiter than white|sinless|saintly|saintlike|godly|angelic|immaculate|impeccable|squeaky clean


word: VIRULENCE
russian_word: вирулентность
definition: the severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.|bitter hostility; rancour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪrʊl(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈvɪrʊl(ə)ns|ˈvɪrjʊl(ə)ns
example:
the proportion of birds which die depends on the virulence of the virus|he was clearly pained by the virulence of the attacks


word: VIRULENT
russian_word: опасный
definition: (of a disease or poison) extremely severe or harmful in its effects.|bitterly hostile.
antonyms: non-toxic|harmless|safe|non-contagious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪrʊl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvɪrʊl(ə)nt|ˈvɪrjʊl(ə)nt
example:
a virulent strain of influenza|his involvement with the temperance movement led to his virulent attack on the drink trade

synonyms:
poisonous|toxic|venomous|noxious|deadly|lethal|fatal|mortal|terminal|death-dealing|life-threatening|dangerous|harmful|injurious|pernicious|damaging|destructive|unsafe|contaminating|polluting|deathly|nocuous|mephitic|baneful|highly infectious|highly infective|highly contagious|infectious|infective|contagious|rapidly spreading|communicable|transmittable|transmissible|spreading|malignant|uncontrollable|pestilential|severe|extreme|violent|catching|pestiferous

origin:
late Middle English (originally describing a poisoned wound): from Latin virulentus, from virus ‘poison’ (see virus).


word: VIRUS
russian_word: вирус
example: the hepatitis B virus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪrəs
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪrəs
definition:
an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat, is too small to be seen by light microscopy, and is able to multiply only within the living cells of a host.|a piece of code which is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the venom of a snake): from Latin, literally ‘slimy liquid, poison’. The earlier medical sense, superseded by the current use as a result of improved scientific understanding, was ‘a substance produced in the body as the result of disease, especially one capable of infecting others’.


word: VISA
russian_word: виза
example: a tourist visa
origin: mid 19th century: via French from Latin visa, past participle (neuter plural) of videre ‘to see’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈviːzə
phonetics_text: ˈviːzə
definition:
an endorsement on a passport indicating that the holder is allowed to enter, leave, or stay for a specified period of time in a country.


word: VISCERA
russian_word: внутренности
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, plural of viscus (see viscus).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪs(ə)rə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪs(ə)rə
definition:
the internal organs in the main cavities of the body, especially those in the abdomen, e.g. the intestines.


word: VISCOELASTICITY
russian_word: вязкоупругое состояние
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪskəʊɛlaˈstɪsɪti
phonetics_text: ˌvɪskəʊɛlaˈstɪsɪti|ˌvɪskəʊiːlaˈstɪsɪti|ˌvɪskəʊɪlaˈstɪsɪti
definition:
the property of a substance of exhibiting both elastic and viscous behaviour, the application of stress causing temporary deformation if the stress is quickly removed but permanent deformation if it is maintained.


word: VISCOSE
russian_word: вискоза
origin: late 19th century: from late Latin viscosus, from Latin viscus ‘birdlime’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪskəʊz
phonetics_text: ˈvɪskəʊz|ˈvɪskəʊs
definition:
a viscous orange-brown solution obtained by treating cellulose with sodium hydroxide and carbon disulphide, used as the basis of manufacturing rayon fibre and transparent cellulose film.


word: VISCOSITY
russian_word: вязкость
example: cooling the fluid raises its viscosity
definition: the state of being thick, sticky, and semi-fluid in consistency, due to internal friction.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈskɒsɪti
phonetics_text: vɪˈskɒsɪti
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French viscosite or medieval Latin viscositas, from late Latin viscosus (see viscous).


word: VISCOUNT
russian_word: виконт
definition: a British nobleman ranking above a baron and below an earl.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪkaʊnt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪkaʊnt
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French visconte, from medieval Latin vicecomes, vicecomit- (see vice-, count2).


word: VISCOUS
russian_word: вязкий
example: viscous lava
definition: having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid; having a high viscosity.
antonyms: watery
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪskəs
phonetics_text: ˈvɪskəs
synonyms:
sticky|gummy|glue-like|gluey|adhesive|tacky|adhering|adherent|sticking|clinging|treacly|syrupy|glutinous|gelatinous|thick|viscid|pasty|mucous|mucoid|mucilaginous|jelly-like|slimy|gooey|gunky|gloopy|cloggy|icky|gloppy|viscoid

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French viscous or late Latin viscosus, from Latin viscum ‘birdlime’.


word: VISIBILITY
russian_word: видимость
example: a reduction in police presence and visibility on the streets
definition: the state of being able to see or be seen.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪzɪˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: vɪzɪˈbɪlɪti
origin:
late Middle English: from French visibilite or late Latin visibilitas, from Latin visibilis (see visible).


word: VISION
russian_word: зрение
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈvɪʒ(ə)n
example:
she had defective vision|the organization had lost its vision and direction|the idea came to him in a vision|madame was a vision in black velvet

definition:
the faculty or state of being able to see.|the ability to think about or plan the future with imagination or wisdom.|an experience of seeing someone or something in a dream or trance, or as a supernatural apparition.|a person or sight of unusual beauty.

synonyms:
eyesight|sight|power of sight|faculty of sight|ability to see|power of seeing|powers of observation|observation|perception|visual perception|eyes|field of vision|view|perspective

origin:
Middle English (denoting a supernatural apparition): via Old French from Latin visio(n- ), from videre ‘to see’.


word: VISIONARY
russian_word: провидец
example: a visionary leader|visionary dreams
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɪʒ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈvɪʒ(ə)n(ə)ri
definition:
thinking about or planning the future with imagination or wisdom.|relating to or having the ability to see visions in a dream or trance, or as a supernatural apparition.

synonyms:
inspired|imaginative|creative|inventive|insightful|ingenious|enterprising|innovative|perceptive|intuitive|far-sighted|prescient|discerning|penetrating|sharp|shrewd|wise|clever|talented|gifted|resourceful|idealistic|idealized|utopian|romantic|quixotic|impractical|unrealistic|unworkable|unfeasible|out of touch with reality|fairy-tale|fanciful|dreamy|ivory-towered|theoretical|hypothetical|starry-eyed|head-in-the-clouds


word: VISIONING
russian_word: концептуализация
example: they all agree on the importance of goal-setting and visioning
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the action of developing a plan, goal, or vision for the future.|the action or fact of seeing visions.


word: VISIT
russian_word: визит
example: I came to visit my grandmother|the mockery visited upon him by his schoolmates
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈvɪzɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɪzɪt
definition:
go to see and spend time with (someone) socially.|inflict (something harmful or unpleasant) on someone.

synonyms:
pay someone a call|pay someone a visit|pay a call on|pay a visit to|go to see|come to see|look in on|stay with|spend time with|be the guest of|stop by|drop by|pay a call|pay a visit|come to stay|call on|call in on|holiday with|visit with|go see|pop in on|drop in on|blow in on|drop round to see|look up

origin:
Middle English: from Old French visiter or Latin visitare ‘go to see’, frequentative of visare ‘to view’, from videre ‘to see’.


word: VISITANT
russian_word: гость
example: in the poem, the angels of death appeared as spectral visitants
definition: a supernatural being or agency; an apparition.|a visitor or guest.|a visitor.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪzɪt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈvɪzɪt(ə)nt
origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from Latin visitant- ‘going to see’, from the verb visitare (see visit).


word: VISITATION
russian_word: осмотр
antonyms: blessing
synonyms: apparition|appearance|manifestation|materialization|emergence|vision
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪzɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɪzɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
example:
visitations in the form of a child whimpering|the mother was uncooperative with visitation|the visitation will be held today at the funeral home|a visitation of the plague

definition:
the appearance of a divine or supernatural being.|an official visit of inspection, especially one by a bishop to a church in his diocese.|a divorced person's right to spend time with their children in the custody of a former spouse.|a gathering with the family of a deceased person before the funeral.|a disaster or difficulty regarded as a divine punishment.|the visit of the Virgin Mary to Elizabeth related in Luke 1:39–56.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin visitatio(n- ), from the verb visitare (see visit).


word: VISITING CARD
russian_word: визитная карточка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˌkɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ ˌkɑːd
definition:
a card bearing a person's name and address, sent or left in lieu of a formal social or business visit.


word: VISITOR
russian_word: посетитель
example: she's a frequent visitor to London
definition: a person visiting someone or somewhere, especially socially or as a tourist.
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French visitour, from Old French visiter (see visit).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪzɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪzɪtə
synonyms:
guest|caller|company|visitant|tourist|traveller|day tripper|sightseer|globetrotter|jet-setter|backpacker|voyager|tourer|explorer|pilgrim|foreigner|outsider|stranger|alien|holidaymaker|vacationer|vacationist|out-of-towner|emmet|grockle|tripper|excursionist


word: VISOR
russian_word: козырек
example: a plastic safety helmet with a transparent visor
definition: a movable part of a helmet that can be pulled down to cover the face.|a mask.
synonyms: eyeshade|shade|shield|guard
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪzə
origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French viser, from Old French vis ‘face’, from Latin visus (see visage).


word: VISTA
russian_word: перспектива
example: sweeping lawns and landscaped vistas
definition: a pleasing view.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪstə
phonetics_text: ˈvɪstə
synonyms:
view|prospect|panorama|aspect|perspective|spectacle|sight|scenery|landscape|seascape|riverscape|townscape|cityscape|snowscape|outlook

origin:
mid 17th century: from Italian, literally ‘view’, from visto ‘seen’, past participle of vedere ‘see’, from Latin videre .


word: VISUAL
russian_word: визуальный
example: visual perception
definition: relating to seeing or sight.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɪʒ(j)ʊəl
phonetics_text: ˈvɪʒ(j)ʊəl|ˈvɪzjʊəl
synonyms:
optical|seeing|optic|ocular|eye|vision|sight|visible|perceptible|perceivable|seeable|to be seen|discernible

origin:
late Middle English (originally describing a beam imagined to proceed from the eye and make vision possible): from late Latin visualis, from Latin visus ‘sight’, from videre ‘to see’. The current noun sense dates from the 1950s.


word: VISUALIZATION
russian_word: визуализация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪʒ(j)ʊəlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɪʒ(j)ʊəlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n|vɪzjʊəlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
video systems allow visualization of the entire gastrointestinal tract|the story uses descriptive language to aid visualization

definition:
the representation of an object, situation, or set of information as a chart or other image.|the formation of a mental image of something.


word: VISUALIZE
russian_word: визуализировать
example: it is not easy to visualize the future|the DNA was visualized by staining with ethidium bromide
definition: form a mental image of; imagine.|make (something) visible to the eye.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɪʒ(j)ʊəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈvɪʒ(j)ʊəlʌɪz|ˈvɪzjʊəlʌɪz
synonyms:
envisage|envision|conjure up|conjure up an image/picture of|picture in the mind's eye|picture|call to mind|see|imagine|evoke|fancy|dream about|dream up|fantasize about|conceptualize|conceive of|think about|contemplate|foresee|predict|forecast|anticipate


word: VITAL
russian_word: жизненно важный
example: secrecy is of vital importance|a beautiful, vital girl|the wound is vital
definition: absolutely necessary; essential.|full of energy; lively.|fatal.
antonyms: unimportant|peripheral|secondary
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪt(ə)l
synonyms:
essential|indispensable|crucial|key|necessary|needed|required|requisite|important|all-important|of the utmost importance|of great consequence|of the essence|critical|life-and-death|imperative|mandatory|urgent|pressing|burning|compelling|acute|paramount|pre-eminent|high-priority|significant|consequential|earth-shattering|world-shaking

origin:
late Middle English (describing the animating principle of living beings, also in vital (sense 2 of the adjective)): via Old French from Latin vitalis, from vita ‘life’. The sense ‘essential’ dates from the early 17th century.


word: VITALISM
russian_word: витализм
origin: early 19th century: from French vitalisme, or from vital + -ism.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈvʌɪt(ə)lɪz(ə)m
definition:
the theory that the origin and phenomena of life are dependent on a force or principle distinct from purely chemical or physical forces.


word: VITALITY
russian_word: жизнеспособность
example: changes that will give renewed vitality to our democracy
definition: the state of being strong and active; energy.
origin: late 16th century: from Latin vitalitas, from vitalis (see vital).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈtalɪti
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈtalɪti
synonyms:
liveliness|life|energy|animation|spirit|spiritedness|high-spiritedness|vivacity|exuberance|buoyancy|bounce|vibrancy|verve|vim|pep|brio|zest|zestfulness|sparkle|spark|effervescence|dynamism|passion|fire|vigour|forcefulness|ardour|zeal|relish|gusto|push|drive|punch|elan|zip|zing|fizz|get-up-and-go|oomph|pizzazz|feistiness


word: VITAMIN
russian_word: витамин
example: most people can get all the vitamins they need from a healthy diet
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪtəmɪn
phonetics_text: ˈvɪtəmɪn|ˈvʌɪtəmɪn
definition:
any of a group of organic compounds which are essential for normal growth and nutrition and are required in small quantities in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body.

origin:
early 20th century: from Latin vita ‘life’ + amine, because vitamins were originally thought to contain an amino acid.


word: VITELLINE
russian_word: желточный
example: the vitelline arteries
definition: relating to the yolk (or yolk sac) of an egg or embryo, or to yolk-producing organs.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɪˈtɛlʌɪn
phonetics_text: vɪˈtɛlʌɪn|vʌɪˈtɛlʌɪn|vɪˈtɛlɪn
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘coloured like egg yolk’): from medieval Latin vitellinus, from vitellus (see vitellus).


word: VITILIGO
russian_word: витилиго
origin: late 16th century: from Latin, literally ‘tetter’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɪtɪˈlʌɪɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˌvɪtɪˈlʌɪɡəʊ
definition:
a condition in which the pigment is lost from areas of the skin, causing whitish patches, often with no clear cause.


word: VITRIOL
russian_word: купорос
definition: bitter criticism or malice.|sulphuric acid.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪtrɪəl
phonetics_text: ˈvɪtrɪəl
example:
her mother's sudden gush of fury and vitriol|it was as if his words were spraying vitriol on her face

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the sulphate of various metals): from Old French, or from medieval Latin vitriolum, from Latin vitrum ‘glass’.


word: VITRIOLIC
russian_word: резкий
example: vitriolic attacks on the politicians
definition: filled with bitter criticism or malice.
antonyms: pleasant|kind
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌvɪtrɪˈɒlɪk
phonetics_text: ˌvɪtrɪˈɒlɪk
synonyms:
acrimonious|rancorous|bitter|caustic|mordant|acerbic|astringent|acid|acrid|trenchant|virulent|spiteful|crabbed|savage|venomous|poisonous|malicious|malignant|malign|pernicious|splenetic|nasty|mean|cruel|unkind|harsh|ill-natured|evil-intentioned|vindictive|scathing|searing|biting|barbed|wounding|stinging|tart|sharp|rapier-like|razor-edged|cutting|withering|sarcastic|sardonic|irascible|bitchy|catty|slashing|malefic|maleficent|acidulous|mordacious|squint-eyed


word: VITUPERATE
russian_word: поносить
definition: blame or insult (someone) in strong or violent language.
antonyms: praise
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin vituperat- ‘censured, disparaged’ (see vituperation).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vɪˈtjuːpəreɪt
phonetics_text: vɪˈtjuːpəreɪt|vʌɪˈtjuːpəreɪt
synonyms:
revile|rail against|inveigh against|fulminate against|attack|upbraid|berate|harangue|lambast|reprimand|castigate|chastise|rebuke|scold|chide|censure|condemn|damn|denounce|find fault with|run down|take to task|vilify|denigrate|calumniate|insult|abuse|curse|slander|smear|slam|knock|hammer|carpet|roast|skewer|crucify|read someone the Riot Act|lay into|tear a strip off|bawl out|give someone a dressing-down|tell off|bad-mouth|rubbish|slag off|slate|contemn|asperse|excoriate|vilipend


word: VITUPERATION
russian_word: брань
example: no one else attracted such vituperation from him
definition: bitter and abusive language.
antonyms: praise
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˌtjuːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɪˌtjuːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n|vʌɪˌtjuːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
revilement|invective|condemnation|castigation|chastisement|opprobrium|rebuke|scolding|criticism|flak|disapprobation|fault-finding|blame|reprimand|upbraiding|admonition|abuse|insults|curses|tongue-lashing|harangue|vilification|denunciation|obloquy|denouncement|denigration|disparagement|slander|slandering|libel|defamation|calumny|calumniation|evil-speaking|backbiting|malice|spite|spitefulness|vitriol|venom|slurs|aspersions|fulminations|slamming|knocking|bashing|mud-slinging|cattiness|bitchiness|bitching|bad-mouthing|rubbishing|slagging off|slating|stick|verbal|contumely|objurgation|animadversion|derogation

origin:
Middle English: from Old French or Latin, from Latin vituperat- ‘censured, disparaged’, from the verb vituperare, from vitium ‘fault’ + parare ‘prepare’.


word: VIVACIOUS
russian_word: живой
example: her vivacious and elegant mother
definition: attractively lively and animated (typically used of a woman).
antonyms: dull|listless
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin vivax, vivac- ‘lively, vigorous’ (from vivere ‘to live’) + -ious.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɪˈveɪʃəs
phonetics_text: vɪˈveɪʃəs|vʌɪˈveɪʃəs
synonyms:
lively|animated|full of life|spirited|high-spirited|effervescent|bubbling|bubbly|ebullient|buoyant|sparkling|scintillating|light-hearted|carefree|happy-go-lucky|jaunty|merry|happy|jolly|joyful|full of fun|full of the joys of spring|cheery|cheerful|perky|sunny|airy|breezy|bright|enthusiastic|irrepressible|vibrant|vivid|vital|zestful|energetic|dynamic|vigorous|full of vim and vigour|lusty|bright-eyed and bushy-tailed|bright and breezy|peppy|zingy|zippy|bouncy|upbeat|chirpy|full of beans|chipper|peart|gay


word: VIVACITY
russian_word: живость
example: he was struck by her vivacity, humour and charm
definition: (especially in a woman) the quality of being attractively lively and animated.
antonyms: listlessness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪˈvasɪti
phonetics_text: vɪˈvasɪti
synonyms:
liveliness|animation|effervescence|ebullience|sparkle|scintillation|spirit|spiritedness|high-spiritedness|high spirits|sprightliness|jauntiness|light-heartedness|gaiety|merriment|jollity|happiness|cheerfulness|perkiness|breeziness|brightness|enthusiasm|irrepressibility|vibrancy|vividness|vitality|life|verve|zeal|gusto|relish|zest|energy|dynamism|spark|fire|fieriness|vigour|vim|brio|dash|joie de vivre|elan|éclat|pep|zing|zip|bounce|chirpiness|go|get-up-and-go|oomph|pizzazz


word: VIVARIUM
russian_word: виварий
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌɪˈvɛːrɪəm
phonetics_text: vʌɪˈvɛːrɪəm|vɪˈvɛːrɪəm
definition:
an enclosure, container, or structure adapted or prepared for keeping animals under semi-natural conditions for observation or study or as pets; an aquarium or terrarium.

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘warren, fish pond’, from vivus ‘living’, from vivere ‘to live’.


word: VIVIANITE
russian_word: вивианит
origin: early 19th century: named after John H. Vivian (1785–1855), British mineralogist, + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪvɪənʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɪvɪənʌɪt
definition:
a mineral consisting of a phosphate of iron which occurs as a secondary mineral in ore deposits. It is colourless when fresh but becomes blue or green with oxidization.


word: VIVID
russian_word: яркий
example: memories of that evening were still vivid|the rhododendron bush provides a vivid splash of mauve
antonyms: vague|boring
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin vividus, from vivere ‘to live’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɪvɪd
phonetics_text: ˈvɪvɪd
definition:
producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind.|(of a colour) intensely deep or bright.|(of a person or animal) lively and vigorous.

synonyms:
graphic|evocative|realistic|true to life|lifelike|faithful|authentic|clear|crystal clear|detailed|lucid|striking|arresting|impressive|colourful|highly coloured|rich|dramatic|picturesque|lively|stimulating|interesting|fascinating|scintillating|memorable|unforgettable|powerful|stirring|affecting|emotive|moving|haunting


word: VIVIDLY
russian_word: живо
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvɪvɪdli
phonetics_text: ˈvɪvɪdli
example:
Margaret remembers vividly the day she received the grim news|flowers of different hues shining vividly in the bright sunshine

definition:
in a way that produces powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind.|in an intensely deep or bright manner.


word: VIVIFY
russian_word: оживлять
example: outings vivify learning for children
definition: make more lively or interesting; enliven.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvɪvɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈvɪvɪfʌɪ
origin:
late Middle English: from French vivifier, from late Latin vivificare, from Latin vivus ‘living’, from vivere ‘to live’.


word: VIVIPAROUS
russian_word: живородящий
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin viviparus (from vivus ‘alive’ + -parus ‘bearing’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɪˈvɪp(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: vɪˈvɪp(ə)rəs|vʌɪˈvɪp(ə)rəs
definition:
(of an animal) bringing forth live young which have developed inside the body of the parent.|(of a plant) reproducing from buds which form plantlets while still attached to the parent plant, or from seeds which germinate within the fruit.


word: VIVISECTION
russian_word: вивисекция
example: the abolition of vivisection
origin: early 18th century: from Latin vivus ‘living’, on the pattern of dissection .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɪvɪˈsɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vɪvɪˈsɛkʃ(ə)n
definition:
the practice of performing operations on live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research (used only by opponents of such work).


word: VIXEN
russian_word: мегера
example: an outrageous shaven-headed vixen
definition: a female fox.|a spirited or fierce woman, especially one seen as sexually attractive.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɪks(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈvɪks(ə)n
synonyms:
virago|harridan|shrew|dragon|termagant|cat|witch|hellcat|she-devil|tartar|martinet|spitfire|hag|gorgon|fury|ogress|harpy|nag|battleaxe|old bag|old bat|cow|bitch|targe|scold|Xanthippe

origin:
late Middle English fixen, perhaps from the Old English adjective fyxen ‘of a fox’. The v- is from the form of the word in southern English dialect.


word: VOCABULARY
russian_word: словарь
synonyms: lexicon|word stock|lexis
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: və(ʊ)ˈkabjʊləri
phonetics_text: və(ʊ)ˈkabjʊləri
example:
a comparison of the vocabularies of different languages|dance companies have their own vocabularies of movement

definition:
the body of words used in a particular language.|a range of artistic or stylistic forms, techniques, or movements.

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a list of words with definitions or translations): from medieval Latin vocabularius, from Latin vocabulum (see vocable).


word: VOCAL
russian_word: вокальный
antonyms: taciturn|reticent
synonyms: vocalized|voiced|spoken|said|uttered|expressed|articulated|oral|by mouth
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvəʊk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvəʊk(ə)l
example:
non-linguistic vocal effects like laughs and sobs|a four-part vocal composition|he was vocal in condemning the action

definition:
relating to the human voice.|(of music) consisting of or incorporating singing.|expressing opinions or feelings freely or loudly.

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin vocalis, from vox, voc- (see voice). Current senses of the noun date from the 1920s.


word: VOCALESE
russian_word: Вокализ
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvəʊkəˈliːz
phonetics_text: ˌvəʊkəˈliːz
definition:
a style of singing in which singers put words to jazz tunes, especially to previously improvised instrumental solos.


word: VOCALISE
russian_word: Вокализ
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˌvəʊkəˈliːz
phonetics_text: ˌvəʊkəˈliːz|ˈvəʊkəliːz
definition:
a singing exercise using individual syllables or vowel sounds to develop flexibility and control of pitch and tone.


word: VOCALIZE
russian_word: издавать звуки
example: the child vocalizes a number of distinct sounds
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvəʊk(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈvəʊk(ə)lʌɪz
definition:
utter (a sound or word).|change (a consonant) to a semivowel or vowel.|write (a language such as Hebrew) with vowel points.


word: VOCALLY
russian_word: устно
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvəʊk(ə)li
phonetics_text: ˈvəʊk(ə)li
example:
the performers did not project vocally as well they might have done|it's amazing how singers can be so vocally and musically disciplined|he vocally opposed the war

definition:
using the voice.|in a way that relates to singing.|by expressing opinions or feelings freely or loudly.


word: VOCATION
russian_word: призвание
example: not all of us have a vocation to be nurses or doctors
definition: a strong feeling of suitability for a particular career or occupation.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin vocatio(n- ), from vocare ‘to call’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: və(ʊ)ˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: və(ʊ)ˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
calling|life's work|mission|purpose|function|position|niche|profession|occupation|career|job|day job|work|employment|pursuit|trade|craft|business|line|line of work|speciality|specialty|province|sphere|walk of life|métier|line of country|game|thing|bag|racket


word: VOCATIVE
russian_word: звательный
origin: late Middle English: from Old French vocatif, -ive or Latin vocativus, from vocare ‘to call’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɒkətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈvɒkətɪv
definition:
relating to or denoting a case of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in Latin and other languages, used in addressing or invoking a person or thing.


word: VOCIFERATE
russian_word: горланить
example: he then began to vociferate loudly
definition: shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: və(ʊ)ˈsɪfəreɪt
phonetics_text: və(ʊ)ˈsɪfəreɪt
origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin vociferat- ‘exclaimed’, from the verb vociferari, from vox ‘voice’ + ferre ‘carry’.


word: VOCIFEROUS
russian_word: многоголосый
example: he was a vociferous opponent of the takeover
definition: expressing or characterized by vehement opinions; loud and forceful.
antonyms: silent|quiet
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: və(ʊ)ˈsɪf(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: və(ʊ)ˈsɪf(ə)rəs
synonyms:
vehement|outspoken|vocal|forthright|plain-spoken|frank|candid|open|uninhibited|direct|earnest|eager|enthusiastic|full-throated|vigorous|insistent|emphatic|demanding|clamorous|strident|loud|loud-mouthed|raucous|noisy|rowdy


word: VOGUE
russian_word: мода
example: the vogue is to make realistic films
definition: the prevailing fashion or style at a particular time.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: vəʊɡ
phonetics_text: vəʊɡ
synonyms:
fashion|mode|style|trend|taste|fad|fancy|passing fancy|craze|rage|enthusiasm|passion|infatuation|obsession|mania|fascination|fashionableness|modishness|popularity|currency|prevalence|favour|dernier cri|thing|trendiness|coolness|snazziness

origin:
late 16th century (in the vogue, denoting the foremost place in popular estimation): from French, from Italian voga ‘rowing, fashion’, from vogare ‘row, go well’.


word: VOICE
russian_word: голос
example: Meg raised her voice|a dissenting voice|the passive voice
origin: Middle English: from Old French vois, from Latin vox, voc- .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vɔɪs
phonetics_text: vɔɪs
definition:
the sound produced in a person's larynx and uttered through the mouth, as speech or song.|a particular opinion or attitude expressed.|the range of pitch or type of tone with which a person sings, such as soprano or tenor.|sound uttered with resonance of the vocal cords (used in the pronunciation of vowels and certain consonants).|a form or set of forms of a verb showing the relation of the subject to the action.

synonyms:
opinion|view|comment|feeling|wish|desire|vote|input|one's say|one's twopence worth|one's twopenn'orth


word: VOICED
russian_word: звонкий
example: a squeaky-voiced comedian|a commonly voiced concern amongst doctors|a voiced velar fricative
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vɔɪst
phonetics_text: vɔɪst
definition:
speaking or singing with a voice of a specified kind.|(of an opinion or attitude) expressed in a particular way.|(of a speech sound) uttered with resonance of the vocal cords (e.g. b, d, g ).


word: VOICELESS
russian_word: глухой
example: millions of Americans feel voiceless and powerless to bring positive change to the political system
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɔɪsləs
phonetics_text: ˈvɔɪsləs
definition:
not able to speak or express opinions.|(of a speech sound) uttered without resonance of the vocal cords (e.g. f, k, p, s, t ).


word: VOID
russian_word: пустота
antonyms: valid
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: vɔɪd
phonetics_text: vɔɪd
example:
the contract was void|void spaces surround the tanks|there is a danger that one of the opponents will be void in that suit

definition:
not valid or legally binding.|completely empty.|(in bridge and whist) having been dealt no cards in a particular suit.

synonyms:
invalid|null and void|null|nullified|cancelled|revoked|rescinded|abolished|inoperative|ineffective|not binding|not in force|non-viable|useless|worthless|nugatory|lapsed|expired|out of date|terminated|discontinued|unrenewed

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘unoccupied’): from a dialect variant of Old French vuide ; related to Latin vacare ‘vacate’; the verb partly a shortening of avoid, reinforced by Old French voider .


word: VOIVODE
russian_word: воевода
origin: late 16th century: from Bulgarian, Serbo-Croat, Czech vojvoda, Polish wojewoda .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɔɪvəʊd
phonetics_text: ˈvɔɪvəʊd
definition:
a local governor or ruler in central or eastern Europe, in particular a semi-independent ruler of Transylvania.


word: VOLANT
russian_word: проносящийся
example: newly volant young
definition: (of an animal) able to fly or glide.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvəʊlənt
phonetics_text: ˈvəʊlənt
origin:
mid 16th century (as a military term in the sense ‘capable of rapid movement’): from French, literally ‘flying’, present participle of voler, from Latin volare ‘to fly’.


word: VOLATILE
russian_word: летучий
antonyms: stable|calm
synonyms: evaporative|vaporous|vaporescent|explosive|eruptive|inflammable|unstable|labile
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɒlətʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈvɒlətʌɪl
example:
volatile solvents such as petroleum ether, hexane, and benzene|the political situation was becoming more volatile

definition:
(of a substance) easily evaporated at normal temperatures.|liable to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse.|(of a computer's memory) retaining data only as long as there is a power supply connected.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘creature that flies’, also, as a collective, ‘birds’): from Old French volatil or Latin volatilis, from volare ‘to fly’.


word: VOLATILITY
russian_word: изменчивость
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɒləˈtɪlɪti
phonetics_text: vɒləˈtɪlɪti
example:
the succession of new rulers contributed to the volatility of the situation|the volatility of chemicals in an indoor environment

definition:
liability to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse.|tendency of a substance to evaporate at normal temperatures.


word: VOLCANO
russian_word: вулкан
origin: early 17th century: from Italian, from Latin Volcanus ‘Vulcan’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ
phonetics_text: vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ
definition:
a mountain or hill, typically conical, having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapour, and gas are or have been erupted from the earth's crust.


word: VOLE
russian_word: полевка
origin: early 19th century (originally vole-mouse ): from Norwegian voll(mus) ‘field (mouse)’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəʊl
phonetics_text: vəʊl
definition:
a small, typically burrowing, mouse-like rodent with a rounded muzzle, found in both Eurasia and North America.


word: VOLITION
russian_word: воля
example: without conscious volition she backed into her office
definition: the faculty or power of using one's will.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈlɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vəˈlɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 17th century (denoting a decision or choice made after deliberation): from French, or from medieval Latin volitio(n- ), from volo ‘I wish’.


word: VOLK
russian_word: волк
origin: Dutch and Afrikaans.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɒlk
phonetics_text: fɒlk
definition:
a nation or people, in particular the Afrikaner people.|the German people (with reference to Nazi ideology).


word: VOLLEY
russian_word: залп
example: the infantry let off a couple of volleys|a forehand volley
origin: late 16th century: from French volée, based on Latin volare ‘to fly’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɒli
phonetics_text: ˈvɒli
definition:
a number of bullets, arrows, or other projectiles discharged at one time.|(in sport, especially tennis or soccer) a strike or kick of the ball made before it touches the ground.

synonyms:
barrage|cannonade|battery|blast|bombardment|broadside|salvo|fusillade|storm|hail|shower|cascade|rain|stream|deluge|torrent|avalanche|blitz|wall/curtain/barrier of fire


word: VOLLEYBALL
russian_word: волейбол
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɒlɪbɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈvɒlɪbɔːl
definition:
a game for two teams, usually of six players, in which a large ball is hit by hand over a high net, the aim being to score points by making the ball reach the ground on the opponent's side of the court.


word: VOLPLANE
russian_word: планировать
origin: early 20th century: from French vol plané, literally ‘glided flight’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɒlpleɪn
phonetics_text: ˈvɒlpleɪn
definition:
a controlled dive or downward flight at a steep angle, especially by an aeroplane with the engine shut off.


word: VOLT
russian_word: вольт
origin: late 19th century: named after A. Volta (see Volta, Alessandro).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəʊlt
phonetics_text: vəʊlt|vɒlt
definition:
the SI unit of electromotive force, the difference of potential that would carry one ampere of current against one ohm resistance.


word: VOLTE
russian_word: вольт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vɒlt
phonetics_text: vɒlt|vəʊlt
definition:
a sudden quick jump or other movement to escape a thrust, especially a swinging round of the rear leg to turn the body sideways.|a movement performed in dressage and classical riding, in which a horse describes a circle of 6 yards diameter.

origin:
late 17th century (as a fencing term): from French, from Italian volta ‘a turn’, from volgere ‘to turn’. volte (sense 2 of the noun) dates from the early 18th century.


word: VOLUBILITY
russian_word: разговорчивость
example: her legendary volubility deserted her
definition: the quality of talking fluently, readily, or incessantly; talkativeness.
antonyms: taciturnity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌvɒljʊˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ˌvɒljʊˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
talkativeness|loquaciousness|loquacity|garrulousness|garrulity|verboseness|long-windedness|wordiness|chattiness|effusiveness|profuseness|communicativeness|expansiveness|openness|lack of reserve|articulacy|articulateness|eloquence|fluency|glibness|mouthiness|gabbiness|windiness|gassiness|big mouth|gift of the gab|wittering|logorrhoea|multiloquence


word: VOLUBLE
russian_word: говорливый
example: a voluble game-show host
definition: (of a person) talking fluently, readily, or incessantly.
antonyms: taciturn|uncommunicative|mute
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvɒljʊb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvɒljʊb(ə)l
synonyms:
talkative|loquacious|garrulous|verbose|long-winded|wordy|chatty|chattery|gossipy|chattering|babbling|blathering|prattling|jabbering|effusive|gushing|forthcoming|conversational|communicative|expansive|open|unreserved|articulate|eloquent|fluent|glib|silver-tongued|mouthy|gabby|gassy|windy|talky|yakking|big-mouthed|with the gift of the gab|wittering|gobby|multiloquent|multiloquous

origin:
Middle English (in senses ‘rotating about an axis’ and ‘having a tendency to change’): from French, or from Latin volubilis, from volvere ‘to roll’. The modern meanings arose in the late 16th century.


word: VOLUME
russian_word: объем
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɒljuːm
phonetics_text: ˈvɒljuːm
example:
a biography of George Bernard Shaw in three volumes|the sewer could not cope with the volume of rainwater|he turned the volume up on the radio

definition:
a book forming part of a work or series.|the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container.|quantity or power of sound; degree of loudness.

synonyms:
capacity|cubic measure|size|magnitude|largeness|bigness|mass|bulk|extent|extensiveness|dimensions|proportions|measurements

origin:
late Middle English (originally denoting a roll of parchment containing written matter): from Old French volum(e ), from Latin volumen, volumin- ‘a roll’, from volvere ‘to roll’. An obsolete meaning ‘size or extent (of a book)’ gave rise to volume (sense 2).


word: VOLUMINOUS
russian_word: объемистый
example: a voluminous purple cloak|we all scribbled down voluminous notes
definition: (of clothes) very loose or full; having much fabric.|(of writing) very lengthy and detailed.
antonyms: tiny|tight-fitting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəˈljuːmɪnəs
phonetics_text: vəˈljuːmɪnəs
synonyms:
capacious|commodious|roomy|spacious|ample|full|big|large|sizeable|immense|vast|generous|billowing|baggy|loose-fitting|boyfriend|spacey

origin:
early 17th century: partly from late Latin voluminosus ‘having many coils’, partly from Latin volumen, volumin- (see volume).


word: VOLUNTARILY
russian_word: добровольно
example: he voluntarily attended a police station
definition: of one's own free will.
antonyms: under duress
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈvɒl(ə)ntrɪli
phonetics_text: ˈvɒl(ə)ntrɪli
synonyms:
of one's own free will|of one's own accord|of one's own volition|of one's own choice|of one's own choosing|by choice|by preference|willingly|readily|freely|intentionally|deliberately|on purpose|purposely|spontaneously|without being asked|without being forced|without hesitation|without reluctance|gladly|with pleasure|with good grace|eagerly|enthusiastically


word: VOLUNTARISM
russian_word: волюнтаризм
origin: mid 19th century: formed irregularly from voluntary.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɒləntərɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈvɒləntərɪz(ə)m
example:
some councils connected the twin themes of public spending cuts and the strong emphasis on voluntarism

definition:
the principle of relying on voluntary action (used especially with reference to the involvement of voluntary organizations in social welfare).|the doctrine that the will is a fundamental or dominant factor in the individual or the universe.


word: VOLUNTARY
russian_word: добровольный
example: we are funded by voluntary contributions|a voluntary helper
definition: done, given, or acting of one's own free will.|working, done, or maintained without payment.
antonyms: compulsory|obligatory
origin: late Middle English: from Old French volontaire or Latin voluntarius, from voluntas ‘will’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvɒlənt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈvɒlənt(ə)ri
synonyms:
optional|discretionary|at one's discretion|elective|non-compulsory|non-mandatory|not required|open|open to choice|volitional|up to the individual|permissive|discretional


word: VOLUNTEER
russian_word: волонтер
example: a call for volunteers to act as foster-parents|the railway is operated solely by volunteers
synonyms: subject|participant|case|client|patient|guinea pig
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˌvɒlənˈtɪə
phonetics_text: ˌvɒlənˈtɪə
definition:
a person who freely offers to take part in an enterprise or undertake a task.|a person who works for an organization without being paid.

origin:
late 16th century (as a noun, with military reference): from French volontaire ‘voluntary’. The change in the ending was due to association with -eer.


word: VOLUPTUOUS
russian_word: сладострастный
example: long curtains in voluptuous crimson velvet
antonyms: scrawny|plain
origin: late Middle English: from Old French voluptueux or Latin voluptuosus, from voluptas ‘pleasure’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəˈlʌptjʊəs
phonetics_text: vəˈlʌptjʊəs
definition:
curvaceous and sexually attractive (typically used of a woman).|relating to or characterized by luxury or sensual pleasure.

synonyms:
curvaceous|shapely|opulent|full-figured|well formed|well proportioned|Junoesque|ample|Rubensesque|buxom|full-bosomed|lush|luscious|seductive|alluring|sultry|sensuous|sexually attractive|curvy|busty|sexy|hot|slinky|beddable|thick|thicc|well turned|gainly|comely


word: VOLUTE
russian_word: спиральный
origin: mid 16th century: from French, or from Latin voluta, feminine past participle of volvere ‘to roll’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: vəˈl(j)uːt
phonetics_text: vəˈl(j)uːt
definition:
a spiral scroll characteristic of Ionic capitals and also used in Corinthian and composite capitals.|a deep-water marine mollusc with a thick colourful spiral shell which is prized by collectors.


word: VOLUTION
russian_word: завиток
definition: a rolling or revolving motion.|a single turn of a spiral or coil.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vəˈl(j)uːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: vəˈl(j)uːʃ(ə)n
origin:
late 15th century; from late Latin volutio(n- ), from Latin volut- ‘rolled’, from the verb volvere .


word: VOLVA
russian_word: Вельва
origin: mid 18th century: modern Latin, from Latin volvere ‘to roll, wrap round’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɒlvə
phonetics_text: ˈvɒlvə
definition:
(in certain fungi) a veil which encloses the fruiting body, often persisting after rupture as a sheath at the base of the stalk.


word: VOMIT
russian_word: рвота
example: the sickly stench made him want to vomit
definition: eject matter from the stomach through the mouth.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French vomite (noun) or Latin vomitus, from vomere ‘to vomit’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈvɒmɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvɒmɪt
synonyms:
be sick|spew|spew up|fetch up|heave|retch|reach|gag|get sick|throw up|puke|chunder|chuck up|hurl|pray to the porcelain god|do the technicolor yawn|keck|ralph|honk|shoot the cat|vom|boke|barf|spit up|upchuck|blow chunks|toss one's cookies|go for the big spit|play the whale|yodel|perk|regorge|purge|brake|cascade|egurgitate|regurgitate|bring up|heave up|cough up|reject|lose|sick up|void


word: VOMITORY
russian_word: рвотное
definition: a passage that allows people to enter or leave an auditorium or stadium.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈvɒmɪt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈvɒmɪt(ə)ri
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘medicine that induces vomiting’): from Latin vomitorius, based on vomere ‘to vomit’, partly as an anglicization of Latin vomitorium (see vomitorium).


word: VOODOO
russian_word: колдовской
example: they can use voodoo to help people
origin: early 19th century: from Louisiana French, from Kwa vodũ .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvuːduː
phonetics_text: ˈvuːduː
definition:
a religion practised in parts of the Caribbean and the southern US, combining elements of Roman Catholic ritual with traditional African magical and religious rites, and characterized by sorcery and spirit possession.


word: VORACIOUS
russian_word: ненасытный
example: a voracious appetite
definition: wanting or devouring great quantities of food.
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin vorax, vorac- (from vorare ‘devour’) + -ious.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vəˈreɪʃəs
phonetics_text: vəˈreɪʃəs
synonyms:
insatiable|unquenchable|unappeasable|prodigious|uncontrollable|uncontrolled|omnivorous|compulsive|gluttonous|greedy|rapacious|enthusiastic|eager|keen|avid|desirous|craving|hungry|ravenous|ravening|wolfish|piggish|hoggish|swinish|gutsy|gannet-like|insatiate|edacious|esurient


word: VORTICISM
russian_word: вортицизм
example: he made drawings and poems under the influence of Vorticism at the age of eighteen
origin: early 20th century: from Latin vortex, vortic- ‘eddy’ + -ism.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɔːtɪsɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈvɔːtɪsɪz(ə)m
definition:
a British artistic movement of 1914–15 influenced by cubism and futurism and favouring harsh, angular, machine-like forms.


word: VOTE
russian_word: голосование
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vəʊt
phonetics_text: vəʊt
definition:
a formal indication of a choice between two or more candidates or courses of action, expressed typically through a ballot or a show of hands.

synonyms:
ballot|poll|election|referendum|plebiscite|public vote|general election|local election|popular vote|straw poll|show of hands|voting|polling

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin votum ‘a vow, wish’, from vovere ‘to vow’. The verb dates from the mid 16th century.


word: VOTIVE
russian_word: исполненный по обету
example: votive offerings
definition: offered or consecrated in fulfilment of a vow.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈvəʊtɪv
phonetics_text: ˈvəʊtɪv
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin votivus, from votum (see vote). The original sense was ‘expressing a desire’, preserved in votive Mass.


word: VOUCH
russian_word: ручаться
example: the explosive used is of my own formulation, and I can vouch for its efficiency
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vaʊtʃ
phonetics_text: vaʊtʃ
definition:
assert or confirm as a result of one's own experience that something is true or accurately so described.

synonyms:
attest to|confirm|affirm|verify|swear to|testify to|bear witness to|bear out|back up|support|corroborate|substantiate|prove|uphold|show the truth of|give substance to|give credence to|second|endorse|certify|warrant|validate|give assurance of|answer for|be responsible for|be liable for|go/stand bail for|stick up for|throw one's weight behind

origin:
Middle English (as a legal term in the sense ‘summon a person to court to prove title to property’): from Old French voucher ‘summon’, based on Latin vocare ‘to call’.


word: VOUCHER
russian_word: ваучер
origin: early 17th century: from vouch.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvaʊtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈvaʊtʃə
definition:
a small printed piece of paper that entitles the holder to a discount, or that may be exchanged for goods or services.

synonyms:
coupon|token|ticket|document|certificate|licence|permit|carnet|pass|paper|card|form|deed|chit|slip|stub|docket|chitty|ducat|comp


word: VOUCHSAFE
russian_word: удостаивать
example: it is a blessing vouchsafed him by heaven
definition: give or grant (something) to (someone) in a gracious or condescending manner.
antonyms: withhold|refuse
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: vaʊtʃˈseɪf
phonetics_text: vaʊtʃˈseɪf
synonyms:
grant|give|accord|award|offer|hand|confer on|bestow on|yield to|cede to|favour with|deign|condescend|stoop|unbend|sink|lower oneself|humble oneself|demean oneself

origin:
Middle English: originally as the phrase vouch something safe on someone, i.e. ‘warrant the secure conferment of (something on someone)’.


word: VOW
russian_word: обет
definition: a solemn promise.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: vaʊ
phonetics_text: vaʊ
synonyms:
oath|pledge|promise|bond|covenant|commitment|avowal|profession|sworn statement|affirmation|attestation|assurance|word|word of honour|guarantee|troth|asseveration|averment

origin:
Middle English: from Old French vou, from Latin votum (see vote); the verb is from Old French vouer .


word: VOWEL
russian_word: гласный
origin: Middle English: from Old French vouel, from Latin vocalis (littera) ‘vocal (letter)’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvaʊəl
phonetics_text: ˈvaʊəl
definition:
a speech sound which is produced by comparatively open configuration of the vocal tract, with vibration of the vocal cords but without audible friction, and which is a unit of the sound system of a language that forms the nucleus of a syllable.


word: VOWELIZE
russian_word: вокализоваться
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈvaʊəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈvaʊəlʌɪz
definition:
supply (something such as a Hebrew or shorthand text) with vowel points or signs representing vowels.


word: VOXEL
russian_word: воксел
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvɒksɛl
phonetics_text: ˈvɒksɛl
definition:
(in computer-based modelling or graphic simulation) each of an array of elements of volume that constitute a notional three-dimensional space, especially each of an array of discrete elements into which a representation of a three-dimensional object is divided.

origin:
1970s: from the initial letters of volume and element, with the insertion of -x- for ease of pronunciation.


word: VOYAGE
russian_word: путешествие
example: his voyage to America
definition: a long journey involving travel by sea or in space.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈvɔɪɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈvɔɪɪdʒ
synonyms:
journey|trip|expedition|excursion|tour|hike|trek|tramp|safari|pilgrimage|quest|crusade|odyssey|crossing|cruise|sail|sailing|passage|flight|drive|travels|globetrotting|journeying|wandering|peregrination|itineration

origin:
Middle English (as a noun denoting a journey): from Old French voiage, from Latin viaticum ‘provisions for a journey’ (in late Latin ‘journey’).


word: VOYEUR
russian_word: вуайерист
example: he stood transfixed, a voyeur feasting on the swell of her buttocks
origin: early 20th century: from French, from voir ‘see’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vwʌɪˈjəː
phonetics_text: vwʌɪˈjəː|vɔɪˈjəː
definition:
a person who gains sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.


word: VOYEURISM
russian_word: половое извращение
example: internet sites dedicated to the act of voyeurism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vwʌɪˈjəːrɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: vwʌɪˈjəːrɪz(ə)m|vɔɪˈəːrɪz(ə)m
definition:
the practice of gaining sexual pleasure from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.


word: VOYEURISTIC
russian_word: подглядывания
example: women as objects of voyeuristic pleasure
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vwʌɪjəˈrɪstɪk
phonetics_text: vwʌɪjəˈrɪstɪk|vɔɪjəˈrɪstɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting sexual pleasure gained from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.


word: VOYEURISTICALLY
russian_word: подглядывать
example: he voyeuristically filmed their liaisons using a night-time camera
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: vwʌɪjəˈrɪstɪk(ə)li
phonetics_text: vwʌɪjəˈrɪstɪk(ə)li
definition:
in a way that relates to sexual pleasure derived from watching others when they are naked or engaged in sexual activity.


word: VULCANIAN
russian_word: кузнечный
definition: relating to or denoting a type of volcanic eruption marked by periodic explosive events.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: vʌlˈkeɪnɪən
phonetics_text: vʌlˈkeɪnɪən
origin:
early 17th century (in sense ‘relating to the Roman god Vulcan’): from Vulcano, a volcano in the Lipari Islands, Italy, named after the Roman god Vulcan .


word: VULGAR
russian_word: вульгарный
example: a vulgar check suit|a vulgar joke
antonyms: tasteful|restrained|genteel|decorous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvʌlɡə
phonetics_text: ˈvʌlɡə
definition:
lacking sophistication or good taste.|making explicit and offensive reference to sex or bodily functions; coarse and rude.|characteristic of or belonging to ordinary people.

synonyms:
tasteless|gross|crass|unrefined|tawdry|ostentatious|flamboyant|over-elaborate|overdone|showy|flashy|gaudy|garish|brassy|kitsch|tinselly|flaunting|glaring|brash|loud|harsh|flash|tacky|over the top|OTT|glitzy|swanky|impolite|ill-mannered|unmannerly|indecorous|unseemly|ill-bred|boorish|low|low-minded|uncouth|crude|rough|uncultured|uncultivated|unsophisticated|illiterate|uneducated|philistine|common|ordinary|low-born|plebeian|yobbish|loutish|plebby|ignorant|baseborn

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin vulgaris, from vulgus ‘common people’. The original senses were ‘used in ordinary calculations’ (surviving in vulgar fraction) and ‘in ordinary use, used by the people’ (surviving in vulgar tongue).


word: VULGARISM
russian_word: вульгарность
example: he was hurling vulgarisms at the crowd
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌlɡərɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈvʌlɡərɪz(ə)m
definition:
a word or expression that is considered inelegant, especially one that makes explicit and offensive reference to sex or bodily functions.


word: VULGARITY
russian_word: вульгарность
example: he was seen as the embodiment of the vulgarity of the 1980s
definition: the state or quality of being vulgar.
antonyms: tastefulness|restraint|gentility|decorum
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌlˈɡarɪti
phonetics_text: vʌlˈɡarɪti
synonyms:
tastelessness|bad taste|grossness|crassness|lack of refinement|tawdriness|flamboyance|flamboyancy|ostentation|excess|gaudiness|garishness|showiness|flashiness|brassiness|tinsel|kitsch|loudness|harshness|tackiness|swankiness|swank|glitziness|impoliteness|ill manners|bad manners|impropriety|indecorousness|uncouthness|crudeness|coarseness|roughness|commonness|lowness|unsophisticatedness|lack of sophistication|ignorance


word: VULGATE
russian_word: вульгата
example: I required a new, formal language in which to address him, not the vulgate
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌlɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈvʌlɡeɪt|ˈvʌlɡət
definition:
the principal Latin version of the Bible, prepared mainly by St Jerome in the late 4th century, and (as revised in 1592) adopted as the official text for the Roman Catholic Church.|common or colloquial speech.

origin:
from Latin vulgata (editio(n-)) ‘(edition) prepared for the public’, feminine past participle of vulgare, from vulgus ‘common people’.


word: VULNERABILITY
russian_word: уязвимость
example: conservation authorities have realized the vulnerability of the local population
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌln(ə)rəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: vʌln(ə)rəˈbɪlɪti
definition:
the quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally.


word: VULNERABLE
russian_word: уязвимый
example: we were in a vulnerable position
definition: exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally.
antonyms: well protected|invulnerable|resilient|immune to|above
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈvʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈvʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l
synonyms:
in danger|in peril|in jeopardy|at risk|endangered|unsafe|unprotected|ill-protected|unguarded|open to attack|attackable|assailable|exposed|wide open|undefended|unshielded|unfortified|unarmed|without arms|without weapons|defenceless|easily hurt/wounded/damaged|powerless|helpless|pregnable|impuissant|resistless|exposed to|open to|wide open to|liable to|prone to|prey to|susceptible to|subject to|not above|in danger of|at risk of|at the mercy of|an easy target for|easily affected by|in the firing line|susceptive of

origin:
early 17th century: from late Latin vulnerabilis, from Latin vulnerare ‘to wound’, from vulnus ‘wound’.


word: VULTURE
russian_word: гриф
example: the press are vultures
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French vultur, from Latin vulturius .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈvʌltʃə
phonetics_text: ˈvʌltʃə
definition:
a large bird of prey with the head and neck more or less bare of feathers, feeding chiefly on carrion and reputed to gather with others in anticipation of the death of a sick or injured animal or person.|a contemptible person who preys on or exploits others.


word: WACKY
russian_word: чокнутый
example: a wacky chase movie
definition: funny or amusing in a slightly odd or peculiar way.
antonyms: conventional|sensible
origin: mid 19th century (originally dialect): from the noun whack + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwaki
phonetics_text: ˈwaki
synonyms:
zany|madcap|offbeat|quirky|outlandish|eccentric|idiosyncratic|surreal|ridiculous|nonsensical|crazy|absurd|insane|far out|fantastic|bizarre|peculiar|weird|odd|strange|cranky|freakish|funny|amusing|comic|clownish|loopy|loony|mad|nutty|nuts|freaky|goofy|bonkers|crackpot|screwy|screwball|oddball|way-out|off-centre|off the wall|dippy|cuckoo|kinky|barmy|daft|dotty|batty|potty|kooky|wacko|bizarro


word: WAD
russian_word: пыж
example: a wad of lint-free rag|she held up a wad of greenbacks|tea and wads in some church hall
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɒd
phonetics_text: wɒd
definition:
a mass or lump of a soft material, used for padding, stuffing, or wiping.|a bundle or roll of paper or banknotes.|a bun, cake, sandwich, or other piece of food.

synonyms:
lump|mass|chunk|hunk|wedge|ball|clump|block|pat|brick|cube|bar|cake|slab|nugget|plug|pad|knob|glob|dollop|cluster|nub|bit|piece|portion|segment|gobbet|wodge|gob

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting wadding): perhaps related to Dutch watten, French ouate ‘padding, cotton wool’.


word: WADDING
russian_word: вата
example: a new generation of low-bulk polyester waddings
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒdɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɒdɪŋ
definition:
soft, thick material used to line garments or pack fragile items, especially cotton wool formed into a fleecy layer.

synonyms:
stuffing|filling|filler|packing|padding|lining|cushioning|quilting|reinforcement|buffer|protection|guard


word: WADDLE
russian_word: переваливаться
example: three geese waddled across the road
definition: walk with short steps and a clumsy swaying motion.
origin: late 16th century: perhaps a frequentative of wade.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɒd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwɒd(ə)l
synonyms:
toddle|dodder|wobble|totter|shamble|sway|rock|lurch|limp|shuffle|stumble|reel|stagger|duckwalk|walk like a duck|waggle


word: WADE
russian_word: пробираться
example: he waded out to the boat
definition: walk with effort through water or another liquid or viscous substance.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: weɪd
phonetics_text: weɪd
synonyms:
paddle|wallow|dabble|slop|squelch|trudge|plod|splosh|ford|cross|traverse|walk across|make one's way across

origin:
Old English wadan  ‘move onward’, also ‘penetrate’, from a Germanic word meaning ‘go (through)’, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin vadere ‘go’.


word: WADE IN
russian_word: набрасываться
example: the elderly man waded in and wrestled the robber to the floor
definition: make a vigorous attack or intervention.
synonyms:
move in|set to|set to work|pitch in|buckle down|go to it|plunge in|dive in|get stuck in|get cracking


word: WADE INTO
russian_word: резко критиковать
example: Seb waded into the melee and started to beat off the boys
definition: intervene in a situation or attack someone vigorously or forcefully.
synonyms:
attack|set upon|assault|launch oneself at|weigh into|fly at|let fly at|turn on|round on|lash out at|hit out at|fall on|jump on/at|lunge at|charge|rush|storm|lay into|light into|tear into|lace into|pitch into|beat up|have a go at|get involved in|intervene in|get to work on|set to work on|tackle


word: WADER
russian_word: болотные сапоги
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪdə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪdə
definition:
a wading bird of the order Charadriiformes, which comprises the sandpipers, plovers, and related birds.|high waterproof boots, or a waterproof garment for the legs and body, used especially by anglers when fishing.


word: WADE THROUGH
russian_word: одолевать
example: they could just click it up on screen rather than have to wade through some hefty document
definition: read laboriously through a long piece of writing.
synonyms:
work one's way|plough|plod|trawl|proceed with difficulty|labour|toil away at|plug away at|peruse|study|browse|leaf|flick|skim|look|thumb|slog


word: WADI
russian_word: вади
origin: early 17th century: from Arabic wādī .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɑːdi
phonetics_text: ˈwɑːdi|ˈwɒdi
definition:
(in certain Arabic-speaking countries) a valley, ravine, or channel that is dry except in the rainy season.


word: WAFER
russian_word: вафля
example: wafers of smoked salmon
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈweɪfə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪfə
definition:
a thin, light, crisp biscuit, especially one of a kind eaten with ice cream.|a thin piece of something.

origin:
late Middle English: from an Anglo-Norman French variant of Old French gaufre (see goffer), from Middle Low German wāfel ‘waffle’; compare with waffle2.


word: WAFFLE
russian_word: вафельный
example: he waffled on about his problems|Joseph had been waffling over where to go
definition: speak or write at length in a vague or trivial manner.|fail to make up one's mind.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɒf(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwɒf(ə)l
synonyms:
prattle|chatter|babble|ramble|jabber|gibber|gabble|gab|burble|run on|mutter|mumble|prate|drivel|bleat|cackle|hum and haw|blather|rabbit|witter|natter|flannel

origin:
late 17th century (originally in the sense ‘yap, yelp’): frequentative of dialect waff ‘yelp’, of imitative origin.


word: WAFT
russian_word: взмах
example: the smell of stale fat wafted out from the cafe
definition: (with reference to a scent, sound, etc.) pass or cause to pass gently through the air.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɒft
phonetics_text: wɒft|wɑːft
synonyms:
drift|float|glide|whirl|travel|be carried|be borne|be conveyed|be transported|convey|transport|transmit|carry|bear|blow|puff

origin:
early 16th century (in the sense ‘escort a ship’): back-formation from obsolete wafter (used only by opponents of the practice) ‘armed convoy vessel’, from Low German, Dutch wachter, from wachten ‘to guard’. A sense ‘convey by water’ gave rise to the current use of the verb.


word: WAG
russian_word: шутник
example: his tail began to wag
definition: (especially with reference to an animal's tail) move or cause to move rapidly to and fro.
origin: Middle English (as a verb): from the Germanic base of Old English wagian ‘to sway’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: waɡ
phonetics_text: waɡ
synonyms:
swing|sway|shake|move to and fro|swish|switch|quiver|twitch|flutter|waver|whip|oscillate|vibrate|undulate


word: WAGE
russian_word: заработная плата
example: we were struggling to get better wages
definition: a fixed regular payment earned for work or services, typically paid on a daily or weekly basis.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: weɪdʒ
phonetics_text: weɪdʒ
synonyms:
pay|payment|remuneration|salary|emolument|stipend|fee|allowance|honorarium|income|revenue|yield|profit|gain|reward|compensation|recompense|reimbursement|earnings|takings|proceeds

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French and Old Northern French, of Germanic origin; related to gage1 and wed.


word: WAGER
russian_word: ставка
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈweɪdʒə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪdʒə
example:
a total of $770,700 was wagered by fans at other sites on the track|I'll wager she makes that trip to Virginia

definition:
risk (a sum of money or valued item) against someone else's on the basis of the outcome of an unpredictable event; bet.|used to express certainty.

synonyms:
bet|gamble|lay a wager|place/make/lay a bet|lay odds|put money on|stake|pledge|risk|venture|hazard|chance|speculate|put one's shirt on|punt

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘solemn pledge’): from Anglo-Norman French wageure, from wager ‘to wage’.


word: WAGGISH
russian_word: комичный
example: a waggish riposte
definition: humorous in a playful, mischievous, or facetious manner.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwaɡɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈwaɡɪʃ
synonyms:
playful|roguish|impish|mischievous|puckish|joking|jokey|jesting|jocular|jolly|merry|in fun|in jest|facetious|witty|amusing|entertaining|funny|droll|comic|comical|chucklesome|tongue-in-cheek|light-hearted|high-spirited|frivolous|bantering|flippant|flip|glib|whimsical|teasing|arch|frolicsome|sportive|jocose


word: WAGGLE
russian_word: покачивание
example: his arm waggled
definition: move or cause to move with short quick movements from side to side or up and down.
origin: late 16th century: frequentative of wag1.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwaɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwaɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
wag|shake|wiggle|wobble|wave|quiver|jerk|twitch|flutter|jiggle|joggle|bobble|brandish|flourish|flail about


word: WAGON
russian_word: вагон
example: a timber wagon
origin: late 15th century: from Dutch wagen ; related to wain.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwaɡ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈwaɡ(ə)n
definition:
a vehicle used for transporting goods or another specified purpose.|an unpleasant or disliked woman.


word: WAGONETTE
russian_word: экипаж с двумя продольными сиденьями
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: waɡəˈnɛt
phonetics_text: waɡəˈnɛt
definition:
a four-wheeled horse-drawn pleasure vehicle, typically open, with facing side seats and one or two seats arranged crosswise in front.


word: WAGTAIL
russian_word: трясогузка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwaɡteɪl
phonetics_text: ˈwaɡteɪl
definition:
a slender Eurasian and African songbird with a long tail that is frequently wagged up and down, typically living by water.


word: WAIF
russian_word: бродяга
example: she is foster mother to various waifs and strays
definition: a homeless, neglected, or abandoned person, especially a child.
synonyms: ragamuffin|street urchin|guttersnipe|abandoned infant|foundling|orphan|stray|outcast|gamin|mudlark
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: weɪf
phonetics_text: weɪf
origin:
late Middle English: from an Anglo-Norman French variant of Old Northern French gaif, probably of Scandinavian origin. Early use was often in waif and stray, as a legal term denoting a piece of property found and, if unclaimed, falling to the lord of the manor.


word: WAIL
russian_word: вой
example: Christopher let out a wail
definition: a prolonged high-pitched cry of pain, grief, or anger.
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse; related to woe.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: weɪl
phonetics_text: weɪl
synonyms:
howl|bawl|yowl|keening|cry|cry of grief|cry of pain|lament|lamentation|sob|moan|groan|shriek|scream|yelp|bellow|roar|caterwaul|whine|complaint|whimper|ululation


word: WAIN
russian_word: телега
definition: a wagon or cart.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: weɪn
phonetics_text: weɪn
origin:
Old English wæg(e)n, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wagen and German Wagen, also to way and weigh1.


word: WAINSCOT
russian_word: деревянная стенная панель
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈweɪnskət
phonetics_text: ˈweɪnskət|ˈweɪnskɒt
definition:
an area of wooden panelling on the lower part of the walls of a room.|a drab yellowish to brown-coloured European moth.

origin:
Middle English: from Middle Low German wagenschot, apparently from wagen ‘wagon’ + schot, probably meaning ‘partition’. wainscot (sense 2 of the noun) dates from the early 19th century.


word: WAIST
russian_word: талия
example: he put an arm around her waist
origin: late Middle English: apparently representing an Old English word from the Germanic root of wax2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: weɪst
phonetics_text: weɪst
definition:
the part of the human body below the ribs and above the hips, often narrower than the areas above and below.|a narrow part in the middle of something, such as a violin or hourglass.|a blouse or bodice.


word: WAISTCOAT
russian_word: жилет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt
phonetics_text: ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt|ˈwɛskɪt
definition:
a close-fitting waist-length garment, typically having no sleeves or collar and buttoning down the front, worn especially by men over a shirt and under a jacket.


word: WAISTLINE
russian_word: талия
example: eliminating inches from the waistline
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪs(t)lʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈweɪs(t)lʌɪn
definition:
the measurement around a person's body at the waist.|an imaginary line around a car or other vehicle at the level of the bottom of the windows.


word: WAIT
russian_word: ждать
example: I rang the bell and waited|I can't wait to tell Nick what happened
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: weɪt
phonetics_text: weɪt
definition:
stay where one is or delay action until a particular time or event.|used to indicate that one is eagerly impatient to do something or for something to happen.

synonyms:
stand by|hold back|be patient|bide one's time|hang fire|mark time|kill time|waste time|cool one's heels|kick one's heels|twiddle one's thumbs|pause|stop|cease|halt|discontinue|rest|hold on|hang around|hang about|sit tight|hold one's horses|sweat it out|await|look/watch out|anticipate|expect|be ready|be in readiness|long for|hope for|count the days until

origin:
Middle English: from Old Northern French waitier, of Germanic origin; related to wake1. Early senses included ‘lie in wait (for’), ‘observe carefully’, and ‘be watchful’.


word: WAITER
russian_word: официант
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪtə
definition:
a man whose job is to serve customers at their tables in a restaurant.|a person who waits for a time, event, or opportunity.|a small tray; a salver.

synonyms:
server|waitress|stewardess|steward|attendant|head waitress/waiter|hostess|host|wine steward|wine waiter|butler|servant|page|flunkey|waitperson|carhop|garçon|maître d'hôtel|sommelier (des vins)


word: WAITING
russian_word: ожидание
example: years of waiting|waiting staff
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪtɪŋ
definition:
the action of staying where one is or delaying action until a particular time or event.|the action or occupation of working as a waiter or waitress.|official attendance at court.


word: WAITING ROOM
russian_word: приемная
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a room provided for the use of people who are waiting to be seen by a doctor or dentist or who are waiting in a station for a bus or train.


word: WAIT ON
russian_word: являться результатом
example:
she was the waitress who usually waited on him at the cafe|a maid was appointed to wait on her|they will wait on a Supreme Court ruling|wait on, I've an important message for you

definition:
serve food or drink to someone in a restaurant, cafe, bar, etc.|act as an attendant to someone.|stay where one is or delay action until someone arrives or is ready, or until a particular time or event.|refrain from doing something until something else happens.

synonyms:
serve|attend to|tend|cater for/to|act as a waitress/waiter to|accommodate|minister to|take care of|look after|see to|succour|pander to


word: WAIT UP
russian_word: дожидаться
example: I'll be back late. Don't wait up for me|the kids bound out of sight, and I shout ‘Wait up!’
synonyms: stay awake|stay up|keep vigil
definition:
not go to bed until someone arrives or something happens.|go more slowly or stop until someone catches up.


word: WAIVE
russian_word: отказываться
example: he will waive all rights to the money
definition: refrain from insisting on or using (a right or claim).
antonyms: claim|pursue
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: weɪv
phonetics_text: weɪv
synonyms:
relinquish|renounce|give up|abandon|reject|surrender|yield|cede|do without|dispense with|set/put aside|abdicate|abjure|sacrifice|refuse|turn down|spurn|sign away

origin:
Middle English (originally as a legal term relating to removal of the protection of the law): from an Anglo-Norman French variant of Old French gaiver ‘allow to become a waif, abandon’.


word: WAIVER
russian_word: отказ
example: their acquiescence could amount to a waiver
definition: an act or instance of waiving a right or claim.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪvə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪvə
synonyms:
renunciation|surrender|repudiation|rejection|relinquishment|abdication|disavowal|refusal|disaffirmation|dispensation|abandonment|deferral|disclaimer|abjuration


word: WAKE
russian_word: разбудить
example: she woke up feeling better|we waked Jim last night
definition: emerge or cause to emerge from sleep; stop sleeping.|hold a vigil beside (someone who has died).
antonyms: sleep|fall asleep
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: weɪk
phonetics_text: weɪk
synonyms:
awake|awaken|waken (up)|rouse|stir|come to|come around|get up|get out of bed|bestir oneself|get going|come alive|show signs of life|arise|waken|arouse|bring to|bring around|knock up

origin:
Old English (recorded only in the past tense wōc ), also partly from the weak verb wacian ‘remain awake, hold a vigil’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch waken and German wachen ; compare with watch.


word: WAKEBOARDING
russian_word: вейкбординг
origin: 1990s: from wake2, on the pattern of surfboarding .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪkbɔːdɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪkbɔːdɪŋ
definition:
the sport of riding on a short, wide board resembling a surfboard and performing acrobatic maneuvers while being towed behind a motorboat.


word: WAKEN
russian_word: будить
example: she knew he would waken in an hour or so
definition: another term for wake1 (sense 1 of the verb).
antonyms: sleep|fall asleep
origin: Old English wæcnan ‘be aroused’, of Germanic origin; related to wake1.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈweɪk(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈweɪk(ə)n
synonyms:
wake|wake up|awake|awaken|waken up|rouse|stir|come to|come around|get up|get out of bed|bestir oneself|get going|come alive|show signs of life|arise|arouse|bring to|bring around|knock up


word: WALE
russian_word: полоса
example: a skirt of mid-wale cotton corduroy
origin: late Old English walu ‘stripe, weal’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: weɪl
phonetics_text: weɪl
definition:
a ridge on a textured woven fabric such as corduroy.|a horizontal wooden strip fitted as strengthening to a boat's side.|a horizontal band around a woven basket.


word: WALK
russian_word: ходить
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɔːk
phonetics_text: wɔːk
example:
I walked across the lawn|he walked her home to her door|customers have to leave a deposit to ensure the beer glasses don't walk|he was in place as the male lead but walked at the eleventh hour|the ghosts of Bannockburn walked abroad|walk humbly with your God

definition:
move at a regular pace by lifting and setting down each foot in turn, never having both feet off the ground at once.|guide, accompany, or escort (someone) on foot.|(of a thing) go missing or be stolen.|abandon or suddenly withdraw from a job or commitment.|(of a batsman) leave the field without waiting to be given out by the umpire.|reach first base automatically after not hitting at four balls pitched outside the strike zone.|(of a ghost) be visible; appear.|live or behave in a particular way.

synonyms:
stroll|saunter|amble|wend one's way|trudge|plod|hike|tramp|trek|march|stride|troop|patrol|step out|wander|ramble|tread|prowl|footslog|promenade|roam|traipse|stretch one's legs|go for a walk|take the air|advance|proceed|move|go|make one's way|mosey|pootle|yomp|perambulate|go by/on foot|travel on foot|foot it|be a pedestrian|go by/on Shanks's pony|hoof it

origin:
Old English wealcan  ‘roll, toss’, also ‘wander’, of Germanic origin. The sense ‘move about’, and specifically ‘go about on foot’, arose in Middle English.


word: WALKABOUT
russian_word: Прогулка
example: the prime minister went on an impromptu walkabout
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːkəbaʊt
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːkəbaʊt
definition:
an informal stroll among a crowd conducted by an important visitor.|a journey (originally on foot) undertaken by an Australian Aboriginal in order to live in the traditional manner.


word: WALK AWAY
russian_word: уходить
example: they can walk away from the deal and leave the other person stranded
definition:
casually or irresponsibly withdraw from a situation in which one is involved or for which one is responsible.


word: WALKER
russian_word: ходунки
example: he was a keen walker
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːkə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːkə
definition:
a person who walks, especially for exercise or enjoyment.|a device for helping a baby learn to walk, consisting of a harness set into a frame on wheels.

synonyms:
hiker|rambler|wayfarer|traveller|roamer|rover|footslogger|pedestrian|person on foot|foot traveller|stroller|tramper


word: WALKING STICK
russian_word: трость
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a stick with a curved handle used for support when walking.|a long, slender, slow-moving insect that resembles a twig. In many species, it appears that there are no males and that the females lay fertile eggs without mating.


word: WALK INTO
russian_word: попасть
example:
I had walked into a situation from which there was no escape|no one has the right to walk straight into a well-paid job for life

definition:
become involved in something through ignorance or carelessness.|achieve a state or position easily or undeservedly.


word: WALK OUT
russian_word: выходить
example: he had walked out in a temper|you were walking out with Tom
definition: depart or leave suddenly or angrily.|go for walks when courting or dating someone.
synonyms:
leave suddenly|make a sudden departure|get up and go|storm off/out|flounce out|push off|depart|leave|get out|absent oneself|take wing|take off


word: WALKOVER
russian_word: легкая победа
example: a 12–2 walkover
antonyms: struggle
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːkəʊvə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːkəʊvə
definition:
an easy victory.|a somersault in which a gymnast performs a handstand and then slowly moves the feet backward and down to the floor, or first arches back into a handstand and then slowly moves the feet forward and down to the floor.

synonyms:
easy victory|runaway victory|rout|landslide|triumph|game|set|and match|gift|piece of cake|kid's stuff|child's play|doddle|pushover|cinch|breeze|sitter|picnic|like taking candy from a baby|thrashing|whitewash|shoo-in|cake walk|duck soup|snip|piece of piss

origin:
early 19th century: with reference to a horse race in which the winner, through the absence of competitors, has no need to race but can just walk over the finish line.


word: WALKWAY
russian_word: аллея
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːkweɪ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːkweɪ
definition:
a passage or path for walking along, especially a raised passageway connecting different sections of a building or a wide path in a park or garden.


word: WALL
russian_word: стена
origin: Old English, from Latin vallum ‘rampart’, from vallus ‘stake’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɔːl
phonetics_text: wɔːl
example:
a garden wall|police investigating the murders met a wall of silence from witnesses|the wall of the stomach

definition:
a continuous vertical brick or stone structure that encloses or divides an area of land.|a thing regarded as a protective or restrictive barrier.|the membranous outer layer or lining of an organ or cavity.|the rock enclosing a lode or seam.|another term for wall brown.

synonyms:
barrier|partition|room divider|enclosure|screen|panel|separator|palisade|dam|dyke|fortification|rampart|barricade|parapet|bulwark|stockade|bailey|breastwork


word: WALLAH
russian_word: хозяин
example: a rickshaw-wallah
definition: a person concerned or involved with a specified thing or business.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒlə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒlə
origin:
from the Hindi suffix -vālā ‘doer’ (commonly interpreted in the sense ‘fellow’), from Sanskrit pālaka ‘keeper’.


word: WALLBOARD
russian_word: стеновая панель
example: install waterproof wallboard around a shower
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːlbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːlbɔːd
definition:
a type of board made from wood pulp, plaster, or other material, used for covering walls and ceilings.


word: WALLET
russian_word: бумажник
definition: a pocket-sized flat folding case for holding money and plastic cards.
synonyms: notecase|purse|pouch|pochette|billfold|pocketbook
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒlɪt
phonetics_text: ˈwɒlɪt
origin:
late Middle English (denoting a bag for provisions): probably via Anglo-Norman French from a Germanic word related to well2. The current sense (originally US) dates from the mid 19th century.


word: WALLFLOWER
russian_word: дама без кавалера
example: I felt like a miserable wallflower at a boisterous party
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːlflaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːlflaʊə
definition:
a southern European plant with fragrant yellow, orange-red, dark red, or brown flowers that bloom in early spring.|a person who has no one to dance with or who feels shy, awkward, or excluded at a party.


word: WALLOP
russian_word: поколотить
example: they walloped the back of his head with a stick
definition: strike or hit very hard.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɒləp
phonetics_text: ˈwɒləp
synonyms:
hit|strike|beat|batter|thump|pound|attack|assault|knock|rap|smack|thwack|slap|pummel|punch|rain blows on|belabour|hammer|cudgel|thrash|bang|drub|welt|cuff|crack|buffet|box someone's ears|bash|clobber|clout|clip|whack|belt|tan|biff|bop|lay into|pitch into|lace into|let someone have it|sock|lam|whomp|stick one on|slosh|boff|bust|slug|light into|whale|dong|quilt|smite|swinge

origin:
Middle English (as a noun denoting a horse's gallop): from Old Northern French walop (noun), waloper (verb), perhaps from a Germanic phrase meaning ‘run well’, from the bases of well1 and leap. Compare with gallop. From ‘gallop’ the senses ‘bubbling noise of a boiling liquid’ and then ‘sound of a clumsy movement’ arose, leading to the current senses.


word: WALLOPER
russian_word: нечто огромное
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒləpə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒləpə
definition:
a person or thing that wallops someone or something.|a strikingly large person or thing.|a policeman.


word: WALLOW
russian_word: валяться
example: there were watering places where buffalo liked to wallow|I was wallowing in the luxury of the hotel
antonyms: eschew
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɒləʊ
phonetics_text: ˈwɒləʊ
definition:
(chiefly of large mammals) roll about or lie in mud or water, especially to keep cool or avoid biting insects.|(of a person) indulge in an unrestrained way in (something that one finds pleasurable).

synonyms:
loll about|loll around|lie about|lie around|tumble about|tumble around|splash about|splash around|slosh|wade|paddle|slop|squelch|welter|splosh

origin:
Old English walwian  ‘to roll about’, of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin volvere ‘to roll’.


word: WALLY
russian_word: растяпа
example: I must have looked a total wally but I didn't care
definition: a silly or inept person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒli
phonetics_text: ˈwɒli
origin:
1960s: perhaps a shortened form of the given name Walter. There are many theories of the origin: one story tells of a Wally who became separated from companions at a 1960s pop festival; the name, announced many times over a loudspeaker, was taken up as a chant by the crowd.


word: WALNUT
russian_word: грецкий орех
origin: late Old English walh-hnutu, from a Germanic compound meaning ‘foreign nut’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːlnʌt
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːlnʌt
definition:
the large wrinkled edible seed of a deciduous tree, consisting of two halves contained within a hard shell which is enclosed in a green fruit.|the tall tree which produces walnuts, with compound leaves and valuable ornamental timber that is used chiefly in cabinetmaking and gun stocks.


word: WALRUS
russian_word: морж
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːlrəs
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːlrəs|ˈwɒlrəs
definition:
a large gregarious marine mammal related to the eared seals, having two large downward-pointing tusks and found in the Arctic Ocean.

origin:
early 18th century: probably from Dutch walrus, perhaps by an inversion of elements (influenced by walvis ‘whale fish’) of Old Norse hrosshvalr ‘horse whale’.


word: WALTZ
russian_word: вальс
example: he thought the waltz the most difficult dance to master
origin: late 18th century: from German Walzer, from walzen ‘revolve’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɔːl(t)s
phonetics_text: wɔːl(t)s|wɒl(t)s
definition:
a dance in triple time performed by a couple, who as a pair turn rhythmically round and round as they progress around the dance floor.


word: WAMPUM
russian_word: ожерелье из раковин
example: strings of wampum
origin: from Algonquian wampumpeag, from wap ‘white’ + umpe ‘string’ + the plural suffix -ag .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒmpəm
phonetics_text: ˈwɒmpəm
definition:
small cylindrical beads traditionally made by some North American Indian peoples from shells, strung together and worn as decoration or used as money.


word: WAN
russian_word: Ван
example: she was looking wan and bleary-eyed
definition: (of a person's complexion or appearance) pale and giving the impression of illness or exhaustion.
antonyms: flushed|ruddy
origin: Old English wann ‘dark, black’, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: wɒn
phonetics_text: wɒn
synonyms:
pale|pallid|ashen|white|white as a sheet|grey|anaemic|jaundiced|colourless|bloodless|waxen|chalky|milky|pasty|pasty-faced|whey-faced|peaky|sickly|tired-looking|washed out|sallow|drained|drawn|sapped|ghostly|deathly|deathlike|bleached|etiolated


word: WAND
russian_word: палочка
example: he waves the computer wand over the special barcode
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse vǫndr, probably of Germanic origin and related to wend and wind2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɒnd
phonetics_text: wɒnd
definition:
a long, thin stick or rod.|a handheld electronic device which can be passed over a barcode to read the encoded data.|one of the suits in some tarot packs, corresponding to batons in others.

synonyms:
baton|stick|staff|pole|bar|dowel|rod|stake|club|truncheon|mace|sceptre|twig|cane|birch|switch|sprig|withe|withy|caduceus


word: WANDER
russian_word: блуждать
origin: Old English wandrian, of West Germanic origin; related to wend and wind2.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɒndə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒndə
example:
I wandered through the narrow streets|please don't wander off again|he had married her and he was not going to be allowed to wander

definition:
walk or move in a leisurely or aimless way.|move slowly away from a fixed point or place.|be unfaithful to one's regular sexual partner.

synonyms:
stroll|amble|saunter|walk|dawdle|potter|ramble|maunder|meander|roam|rove|range|knock about|knock around|drift|coast|gallivant|gad about|prowl|mill about|mill round|mill around|trek|trudge|stretch one's legs|stravaig|traipse|mosey|tootle|mooch|bimble|peregrinate


word: WANDERER
russian_word: странник
example: he is a longtime seaman, a rootless wanderer
definition: a person who travels aimlessly; a traveller.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒnd(ə)rə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒnd(ə)rə
synonyms:
traveller|rambler|hiker|wayfarer|migrant|globetrotter|roamer|rover|itinerant|rolling stone|nomad|gypsy|tramp|drifter|tinker|vagabond|vagrant|homeless person|displaced person|dosser|bag lady|hobo|bum|bird of passage


word: WANE
russian_word: убыль
example: confidence in the dollar waned
antonyms: wax
synonyms: disappear|decrease|diminish|dwindle
origin: Old English wanian ‘lessen’, of Germanic origin; related to Latin vanus ‘vain’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: weɪn
phonetics_text: weɪn
definition:
(of the moon) have a progressively smaller part of its visible surface illuminated, so that it appears to decrease in size.|(of a state or feeling) decrease in vigour or extent; become weaker.


word: WANGLE
russian_word: хитрость
example: I wangled an invitation to her party
definition: manage to obtain (something) by persuading or cleverly manipulating someone.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwaŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwaŋɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
contrive|manipulate|manoeuvre|engineer|devise|orchestrate|fix|arrange|direct|conduct|handle|work|pull off|scheme|plot|acquire|attain|achieve|bring about|net|win|grab|hook|finagle|swing|fiddle

origin:
late 19th century (first recorded as printers' slang): of unknown origin; perhaps based on the verb waggle.


word: WANT
russian_word: хотеть
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɒnt
phonetics_text: wɒnt
example:
I want an apple|you don't want to believe everything you hear|you shall want for nothing while you are with me

definition:
have a desire to possess or do (something); wish for.|should or need to do something.|lack something desirable or essential.

synonyms:
desire|wish for|hope for|fancy|have a fancy for|take a fancy to|have an inclination for|care for|like|set one's heart on|long for|yearn for|pine for|sigh for|crave|hanker after|hunger for|thirst for|lust after|cry out for|be desperate for|itch for|covet|need|be bent on|have a yen for|be dying for

origin:
Middle English: the noun from Old Norse vant, neuter of vanr ‘lacking’; the verb from Old Norse vanta ‘be lacking’. The original notion of ‘lack’ was early extended to ‘need’ and from this developed the sense ‘desire’.


word: WANTING
russian_word: желая
example: they weren't wanting in confidence
definition: lacking in a required or necessary quality.
antonyms: sufficient|acceptable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɒntɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɒntɪŋ
synonyms:
deficient|inadequate|lacking|insufficient|imperfect|not up to standard/par|not good enough|disappointing|unsatisfying|unacceptable|not acceptable|not up to expectations|leaving much to be desired|flawed|faulty|defective|impaired|unsound|substandard|inferior|second-rate|poor|shabby|shoddy|patchy|sketchy|limited|restricted|incomplete|unfinished|unpolished|unrefined|not much cop|without|devoid of|bereft of|bankrupt of|destitute of|empty of|deprived of|free from/of|in need of|deficient in|low on|short on|minus|sans


word: WANTON
russian_word: бессмысленный
antonyms: justifiable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɒntən
phonetics_text: ˈwɒntən
example:
sheer wanton vandalism|her cheeks burned as she recalled how forward she had been, how wanton|where wanton ivy twines

definition:
(of a cruel or violent action) deliberate and unprovoked.|sexually unrestrained or having many casual sexual relationships (typically used of a woman).|growing profusely; luxuriant.

synonyms:
deliberate|wilful|malicious|malevolent|spiteful|vicious|wicked|evil|cruel|unprovoked|unmotivated|motiveless|arbitrary|groundless|unjustifiable|unjustified|needless|unnecessary|uncalled for|gratuitous|senseless|pointless|purposeless|aimless|useless|meaningless|empty|vacuous

origin:
Middle English wantowen  ‘rebellious, lacking discipline’, from wan-  ‘badly’ + Old English togen  ‘trained’ (related to team and tow1).


word: WANTONLY
russian_word: бесцельно
definition: in a deliberate and unprovoked way.|in a lustful or sexually unrestrained way.|profusely.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈwɒntənli
phonetics_text: ˈwɒntənli
example:
they wantonly destroyed property|she pressed herself against him wantonly|bushes and trees grew wantonly, spilling and tumbling over one another


word: WAPENTAKE
russian_word: окружной суд
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒp(ə)nteɪk
phonetics_text: ˈwɒp(ə)nteɪk|ˈwap(ə)nteɪk
definition:
(in the UK) a subdivision of certain northern and midland English counties, corresponding to a hundred in other counties.

origin:
late Old English wǣpen(ge)tæc, from Old Norse vápnatak, from vápn ‘weapon’ + taka ‘take’, perhaps with reference to voting in an assembly by a show of weapons.


word: WAQF
russian_word: вакф
definition: an endowment made by a Muslim to a religious, educational, or charitable cause.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: vʌkf
phonetics_text: vʌkf
origin:
from Arabic, literally ‘stoppage, immobilization (of ownership of property)’, from waqafa ‘come to a standstill’.


word: WAR
russian_word: война
example: Japan declared war on Germany
definition: a state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups within a country.
antonyms: peace|truce|ceasefire|harmony
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɔː
phonetics_text: wɔː
synonyms:
conflict|warfare|combat|fighting|struggle|armed conflict|action|military action|bloodshed|contest|tussle|battle|skirmish|fight|clash|confrontation|engagement|affray|encounter|collision|offensive|attack|blitz|siege|campaign|crusade|feud|vendetta|strife|hostility|enmity|antagonism|discord|disunity|animus|ill will|bad blood|hostilities

origin:
late Old English werre, from an Anglo-Norman French variant of Old French guerre, from a Germanic base shared by worse.


word: WARBLE
russian_word: трель
example: larks were warbling in the trees
definition: (of a bird) sing softly and with a succession of constantly changing notes.
synonyms: trill|sing|chirp|chirrup|chirr|cheep|twitter|tweet|whistle|chatter|squeak|pipe|peep
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (as a noun in the sense ‘melody’): from Old Northern French werble (noun), werbler (verb), of Germanic origin; related to whirl.


word: WARBLER
russian_word: певчая птица
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːblə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːblə
definition:
any of a number of small insectivorous songbirds that typically have a warbling song.|a person who sings in a trilling or quavering voice.


word: WARD
russian_word: подопечный
antonyms: guardian
synonyms: room|compartment|department|unit|area
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɔːd
phonetics_text: wɔːd
example:
a children's ward|the second most marginal ward in Westminster|for the last three years, the boy has been my ward|I saw them keeping ward at one of those huge gates

definition:
a separate room in a hospital, typically one allocated to a particular type of patient.|an administrative division of a city or borough that typically elects and is represented by a councillor or councillors.|a child or young person under the care and control of a guardian appointed by their parents or a court.|any of the internal ridges or bars in a lock which prevent the turning of any key which does not have grooves of corresponding form or size.|the action of keeping a lookout for danger.|an area of ground enclosed by the encircling walls of a fortress or castle.

origin:
Old English weard  (in ward (sense 5 of the noun), also ‘body of guards’), weardian  ‘keep safe, guard’, of Germanic origin; reinforced in Middle English by Old Northern French warde (noun), warder (verb) ‘guard’.


word: WARDEN
russian_word: начальник
example: the warden of a nature reserve
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːd(ə)n
definition:
a person responsible for the supervision of a particular place or activity or for enforcing the regulations associated with it.

synonyms:
superintendent|supervisor|steward|overseer|caretaker|janitor|porter|custodian|watchman|concierge|doorman|ranger|keeper|guardian|protector|preserver|curator

origin:
Middle English (originally denoting a guardian or protector): from Anglo-Norman French and Old Northern French wardein, variant of Old French guarden ‘guardian’.


word: WARDER
russian_word: стражник
definition: a guard in a prison.
synonyms: prison officer|guard|jailer|(prison) warden|keeper|sentry|captor|wardress|screw|turnkey
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːdə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːdə
origin:
late Middle English (denoting a watchman or sentinel): from Anglo-Norman French wardere, from Old Northern French warder ‘to guard’. The current sense dates from the mid 19th century.


word: WARD OFF
russian_word: отвращать
example: she put up a hand as if to ward him off
definition: prevent someone or something from harming or affecting one.
synonyms:
fend off|drive back|keep off|stave off|repel|repulse|beat back|rout|put to flight|chase away|send packing|parry|avert|deflect|block|turn aside|defend oneself against|guard against|evade|avoid|dodge|rebuff|rebut|keep at bay|keep at arm's length|oppose|resist|prevent|hinder|obstruct|impede|foil|frustrate|thwart|check|balk|stop|head off


word: WARDROBE
russian_word: гардероб
definition: a large, tall cupboard or recess in which clothes may be hung or stored.
synonyms: clothes cupboard|cupboard|cabinet|locker|storage room|closet
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːdrəʊb
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːdrəʊb
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘private chamber’): from Old Northern French warderobe, variant of Old French garderobe (see garderobe).


word: WAREHOUSE
russian_word: склад
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɛːhaʊs
phonetics_text: ˈwɛːhaʊs
definition:
a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods may be stored prior to their distribution for sale.

synonyms:
storeroom|storehouse|store|depot|depository|repository|stockroom|magazine|granary|silo|godown|lock-up|garner


word: WAREHOUSING
russian_word: складирование
example: both sites are now used for cargo handing and warehousing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛəhaʊzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɛəhaʊzɪŋ
definition:
the action or process of storing goods in a warehouse.|the building up of a holding of shares in a company by buying numerous small lots of shares in the names of nominees, in order to make a takeover bid while remaining anonymous.


word: WARFARE
russian_word: война
example: guerrilla warfare
definition: engagement in or the activities involved in war or conflict.
antonyms: peace|harmony
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːfɛː
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːfɛː
synonyms:
fighting|war|combat|conflict|armed conflict|struggle|military action|hostilities|bloodshed|battles|skirmishes|campaigning|passage of/at arms|strife|hostility|enmity|antagonism|discord


word: WARFARIN
russian_word: варфарин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːfərɪn
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːfərɪn
definition:
a water-soluble compound with anticoagulant properties, used as a rat poison and in the treatment of thrombosis.

origin:
1950s: from the initial letters of Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation + -arin on the pattern of coumarin .


word: WARILY
russian_word: осторожно
example: they walk warily down the street, terrified of being caught
definition: cautiously; carefully.
antonyms: recklessly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈwɛːrɪli
phonetics_text: ˈwɛːrɪli
synonyms:
carefully|with care|cautiously|gingerly|circumspectly|charily|guardedly|on one's guard|on the alert|on the lookout|on the qui vive|attentively|heedfully|watchfully|vigilantly|observantly|alertly|cannily|hesitantly|timidly|timorously


word: WARINESS
russian_word: осторожность
example: her mother's wariness of computers
definition: caution about possible dangers or problems.
antonyms: recklessness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛːrɪnəs
phonetics_text: ˈwɛːrɪnəs
synonyms:
caution|carefulness|care|circumspection|prudence|guardedness|alertness|attention|heed|heedfulness|watchfulness|vigilance|observance|awareness|mindfulness|canniness|hesitance|hesitancy|hesitation|timidness|timidity|timorousness


word: WARLIKE
russian_word: воинственный
example: a warlike clan
definition: disposed towards or threatening war; hostile.
antonyms: peaceable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɔːlʌɪk
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːlʌɪk
synonyms:
aggressive|belligerent|warmongering|warring|bellicose|pugnacious|combative|bloodthirsty|hawkish|gung-ho|jingoistic|sabre-rattling|hostile|threatening|inimical|violent|quarrelsome|militaristic|militant|martial|soldierly|sanguinary


word: WARLOCK
russian_word: колдун
definition: a man who practises witchcraft; a sorcerer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːlɒk
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːlɒk
synonyms:
sorcerer|wizard|male witch|(black) magician|diviner|occultist|enchanter|necromancer|spellcaster|thaumaturge|pishogue|magus|mage

origin:
Old English wǣrloga  ‘traitor, scoundrel, monster’, also ‘the Devil’, from wǣr  ‘covenant’ + an element related to lēogan ‘belie, deny’. From its application to the Devil, the word was transferred in Middle English to a person in league with the Devil, and hence a sorcerer. It was chiefly Scots until given wider currency by Sir Walter Scott.


word: WARM
russian_word: теплый
antonyms: cold|cool|chilly|chilled
part_of_speech: adjective|verb|noun
phonetic: wɔːm
phonetics_text: wɔːm
example:
a warm September evening|they exchanged warm, friendly smiles|her fair colouring suited soft, warm shades

definition:
of or at a fairly or comfortably high temperature.|having or showing enthusiasm, affection, or kindness.|(of a colour) containing red, yellow, or orange tones.|(of a scent or trail) fresh; strong.

synonyms:
hot|warming|cosy|snug|comfortable|mellow|homely|comfy|toasty|snuggly|balmy|summery|sultry|mild|temperate|pleasant|agreeable|sunny|bright|fine|heated|tepid|lukewarm|chambré

origin:
Old English wearm (adjective), werman, wearmian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German warm, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin formus ‘warm’ and Greek thermos ‘hot’.


word: WARMBLOOD
russian_word: теплокровный
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a horse of a breed that is a cross between an Arab or similar breed and another breed of the draught or pony type.


word: WARMLY
russian_word: тепло
example: the sun shone warmly|they were greeted warmly by the locals|warmly coloured, intimate interiors
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈwɔːmli
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːmli
definition:
in a way that gives out warmth; with comfortable heat.|in a way that shows friendliness towards a person or enthusiasm for an idea or project.|with colours containing red, yellow, or orange tones.


word: WARM UP
russian_word: воодушевлять
example: the band were warming up|can you warm the soup up for me?|on stage, Miles was warming up the crowd
antonyms: calm down
definition:
prepare for physical exertion or a performance by exercising or practising gently beforehand.|reheat previously cooked food.|entertain an audience so as to make them more receptive to the main act.

synonyms:
limber up|loosen up|stretch|work out|exercise|get into condition|get into shape|practise|prepare|get ready|rehearse


word: WARM-UP
russian_word: разминка
example: the pre-match warm-up
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːmʌp
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːmʌp
definition:
a period or act of preparation for a match, performance, or exercise session, involving gentle exercise or practice.


word: WARN
russian_word: предупреждать
example: his father had warned him of what might happen
definition: inform someone in advance of a possible danger, problem, or other unpleasant situation.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: wɔːn
phonetics_text: wɔːn
synonyms:
notify|alert|apprise|give notice|inform|tell|let someone know|make someone aware|give a warning to|give fair warning to|forewarn|put someone on notice/guard|remind|raise/sound the alarm|tip off|put wise

origin:
Old English war(e)nian, wearnian, from a West Germanic base meaning ‘be cautious’; compare with ware2.


word: WARNING
russian_word: предупреждение
example: police issued a warning about fake £20 notes
definition: a statement or event that warns of something or that serves as a cautionary example.
origin: Old English war(e)nung (see warn, -ing1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːnɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːnɪŋ
synonyms:
example|deterrent|lesson|caution|exemplar|message|moral|admonition|remonstrance|injunction|reprimand|censure|caveat|dressing-down|talking-to|ticking off|telling-off|carpeting


word: WARP
russian_word: основа
antonyms: straighten|keep shape
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɔːp
phonetics_text: wɔːp
example:
moisture had warped the box|crew and passengers helped warp the vessels through the shallow section|cotton string will be warped on the loom in the rug-weaving process|the main canal may be cut so as to warp the lands on each side of it

definition:
make or become bent or twisted out of shape, typically as a result of the effects of heat or damp.|(with reference to a ship) move or be moved along by hauling on a rope attached to a stationary object ashore.|(in weaving) arrange (yarn) so as to form the warp of a piece of cloth.|cover (land) with a deposit of alluvial soil by natural or artificial flooding.

synonyms:
buckle|twist|bend|distort|deform|misshape|malform|curve|make/become crooked/curved|flex|bow|arch|contort|gnarl|kink|wrinkle

origin:
Old English weorpan (verb), wearp (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch werpen and German werfen ‘to throw’. Early verb senses included ‘throw’ and ‘hit with a missile’; the sense ‘bend’ dates from late Middle English. The noun was originally a term in weaving (see warp (sense 2 of the noun)).


word: WARPAGE
russian_word: коробление
example: the warpage of the wood increased as the temperature increased
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːpɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːpɪdʒ
definition:
the extent or result of being bent or twisted out of shape, typically as a result of the effects of heat or damp.


word: WARPATH
russian_word: тропа войны
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːpɑːθ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːpɑːθ
example:
he has has escalated his warpath against his perceived enemies|their warpath has reached the shores of the Pacific

definition:
a hostile or confrontational course of action.|a route taken by North American Indians heading towards a battle with an enemy.


word: WARRANT
russian_word: ордер
example: magistrates issued a warrant for his arrest|there is no warrant for this assumption
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɒr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈwɒr(ə)nt
definition:
a document issued by a legal or government official authorizing the police or another body to make an arrest, search premises, or carry out some other action relating to the administration of justice.|justification or authority for an action, belief, or feeling.|an official certificate of appointment issued to an officer of lower rank than a commissioned officer.

synonyms:
authorization|written order|licence|permit|official document|writ|order|summons|subpoena|mandate|decree|fiat|edict|papers

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘protector’ and ‘safeguard’, also, as a verb, ‘keep safe from danger’): from variants of Old French guarant (noun), guarantir (verb), of Germanic origin; compare with guarantee.


word: WARRANTY
russian_word: гарантия
example: the car comes with a three-year warranty|you have no warranty for such an audacious doctrine
synonyms: guarantee|assurance|promise|commitment|covenant|undertaking|agreement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒr(ə)nti
phonetics_text: ˈwɒr(ə)nti
definition:
a written guarantee, issued to the purchaser of an article by its manufacturer, promising to repair or replace it if necessary within a specified period of time.|justification or grounds for an action or belief.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French warantie, variant of garantie (see guaranty). Early use was as a legal term denoting a covenant annexed to a conveyance of property, in which the vendor affirmed the security of the title.


word: WARREN
russian_word: кроличий садок
definition: a network of interconnecting rabbit burrows.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒr(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈwɒr(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from an Anglo-Norman French and Old Northern French variant of Old French garenne ‘game park’, of Gaulish origin.


word: WARRING
russian_word: воюющих
example: warring factions
definition: (of two or more people or groups) in conflict with each other.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɔːrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːrɪŋ
synonyms:
opposing|conflicting|clashing|at war|contending|fighting|battling|quarrelling|pugnacious|quarrelsome|aggressive|belligerent|militant|martial|warlike|warmongering|competing|hostile|rival|at loggerheads|at daggers drawn|at each other's throats


word: WARRIOR
russian_word: воин
synonyms: fighter|soldier|fighting man|serviceman|combatant
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒrɪə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒrɪə
example:
the warrior heroes of ancient Greece|I really love the warrior pose —it makes me feel centred and strong

definition:
(especially in former times) a brave or experienced soldier or fighter.|any of a number of standing poses in yoga in which the legs are held apart and the arms are stretched outwards.

origin:
Middle English: from Old Northern French werreior, variant of Old French guerreior, from guerreier ‘make war’, from guerre ‘war’.


word: WARY
russian_word: осторожный
example: dogs which have been mistreated often remain very wary of strangers
definition: feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems.
antonyms: unwary|inattentive|trustful
origin: late 15th century: from ware2 + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɛːri
phonetics_text: ˈwɛːri
synonyms:
cautious|careful|circumspect|on one's guard|chary|alert|on the alert|on the lookout|on the qui vive|prudent|attentive|heedful|watchful|vigilant|observant|wide awake|on one's toes|cagey|suspicious|distrustful|mistrustful|sceptical|doubtful|dubious|guarded|leery


word: WASABI
russian_word: васаби
origin: early 20th century: from Japanese.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wəˈsɑːbi
phonetics_text: wəˈsɑːbi
definition:
a Japanese plant with a thick green root which tastes like strong horseradish and is used in cooking, especially in powder or paste form as an accompaniment to raw fish.


word: WASH
russian_word: мыть
antonyms: dirty|soil
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɒʃ
phonetics_text: wɒʃ
example:
Auntie Lou had washed all their clothes|floods washed away the bridges|the walls were washed with shades of umber|charm won't wash with this crew

definition:
clean with water and, typically, soap or detergent.|(of flowing water) carry (someone or something) in a particular direction.|brush with a thin coat of dilute paint or ink.|seem convincing or genuine.

synonyms:
clean|cleanse|sponge|scrub|wipe|scour|lave|mop|hose down|squeegee|sluice (down)|swill (down)|douse|swab (down)|flush|disinfect|launder|rinse (out)|dry-clean|shampoo|lather

origin:
Old English wæscan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wassen, German waschen, also to water.


word: WASHBOARD
russian_word: стиральная доска
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒʃbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈwɒʃbɔːd
definition:
a board made of ridged wood or a sheet of corrugated zinc, used when washing clothes as a surface against which to scrub them.|a board fixed along the side of a boat to prevent water from spilling in over the edge.


word: WASHDAY
russian_word: день стирки
example: Monday was washday
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒʃdeɪ
phonetics_text: ˈwɒʃdeɪ
definition:
a day on which a household's clothes, bed linen, etc. are washed, especially when the same day each week.


word: WASH DOWN
russian_word: окатывать водой
definition: wash or clean something thoroughly.|accompany or follow food with a drink.
example:
walls were washed down, floors scrubbed, carpets beaten, and chimneys swept|the meat and bread were washed down with a jug of ale


word: WASH DRAWING
russian_word: акварель
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a picture or sketch made by laying on washes of watercolour, typically in monochrome, over a pen or pencil drawing.


word: WASHER
russian_word: шайба
example: a glass washer|I'll get you a cold washer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒʃə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒʃə
definition:
a person or device that washes something.|a small flat metal, rubber, or plastic ring fixed between two joining surfaces or between a nut and a bolt to spread the pressure or act as a spacer or seal.|a facecloth.


word: WASHOUT
russian_word: смыв
example: last summer was a bit of a washout here|chores like repairing washouts in the gravel access road
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒʃaʊt
phonetics_text: ˈwɒʃaʊt
definition:
an event or period that is spoiled by constant or heavy rain.|a breach in a road or railway track caused by flooding.|the removal of material or a substance from the body or a part of it, especially by washing with a fluid.


word: WASH OUT
russian_word: мыть
example:
I head over to the sink so I can wash out the cup|the game was washed out|some sections of road had been washed out|a lot of them had washed out of pilot training

definition:
clean the inside of a container or vessel with water.|cause an event to be postponed or cancelled because of rain.|(of a flood or downpour) damage or destroy a road.|be excluded from a course or position after a failure to meet the required standards.


word: WASH OVER
russian_word: переливаться через край
example: a deep feeling of sadness washed over her
definition: (of a feeling) affect someone suddenly.
synonyms:
affect|rush over/through|thrill through|race over|surge through|course through|flood over|flow over|sweep over|flutter through


word: WASHSTAND
russian_word: умывальник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒʃstand
phonetics_text: ˈwɒʃstand
definition:
a piece of furniture formerly used to hold a jug, bowl, or basin for the purpose of washing one's hands and face.


word: WASP
russian_word: оса
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɒsp
phonetics_text: wɒsp
definition:
a social winged insect which has a narrow waist and a sting and is typically yellow with black stripes. It constructs a paper nest from wood pulp and raises the larvae on a diet of insects.|a solitary winged insect with a narrow waist, mostly distantly related to the social wasps and including many parasitic kinds.

origin:
Old English wæfs, wæps, wæsp, of West Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin vespa ; perhaps related to weave1 (from the weblike form of its nest).


word: WASPISH
russian_word: язвительный
example: he had a waspish tongue
definition: readily expressing anger or irritation.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɒspɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈwɒspɪʃ
synonyms:
irritable|touchy|testy|irascible|cross|snappish|cantankerous|splenetic|short-tempered|ill-tempered|bad-tempered|foul-tempered|moody|crabbed|crotchety|grumpy|huffy|petulant|peevish|querulous|angry|sharp|ratty|grouchy|mardy


word: WASSAIL
russian_word: пирушка
example: a mighty bowl of wassail in which the apples were hissing and bubbling
definition: spiced ale or mulled wine drunk during celebrations for Twelfth Night and Christmas Eve.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɒseɪl
phonetics_text: ˈwɒseɪl|ˈwɒs(ə)l|ˈwas(ə)l
origin:
Middle English wæs hæil  ‘be in (good) health!’: from Old Norse ves heill (compare with hail2). The drinking formula wassail (and the reply drinkhail ‘drink good health’) were probably introduced by Danish-speaking inhabitants of England, and then spread, so that by the 12th century the usage was considered by the Normans to be characteristic of Englishmen.


word: WASTAGE
russian_word: потери
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪstɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪstɪdʒ
example:
the wastage of natural resources|120 staff were lost through natural wastage|the wastage of muscle tissue

definition:
the action or process of losing or destroying something by using it carelessly or extravagantly.|the reduction in the size of a workforce as a result of voluntary resignation or retirement rather than enforced redundancy.|the weakening or deterioration of a part of the body, typically as a result of illness or lack of use.


word: WASTE
russian_word: отходы
antonyms: conserve
part_of_speech: verb|adjective|noun
phonetic: weɪst
phonetics_text: weɪst
example:
we can't afford to waste electricity|she was visibly wasting away|he seized their cattle and wasted their country|the years were wasting

definition:
use or expend carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose.|(of a person or a part of the body) become progressively weaker and more emaciated.|devastate or ruin (a place).|(of time) pass away.

synonyms:
squander|fritter away|misspend|misuse|spend recklessly|throw away|lavish|be wasteful with|dissipate|spend like water|throw around like confetti|go through|run through|exhaust|drain|deplete|burn up|use up|consume|blow|splurge

origin:
Middle English: from Old Northern French wast(e ) (noun), waster (verb), based on Latin vastus ‘unoccupied, uncultivated’.


word: WASTED
russian_word: впустую
example: wasted fuel|her wasted arm|he looked kind of wasted
antonyms: sober
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈweɪstɪd
phonetics_text: ˈweɪstɪd
definition:
used or expended carelessly or to no purpose.|(of a person or a part of the body) weak or emaciated.|under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs.

synonyms:
squandered|misspent|misdirected|misused|dissipated|frittered away|pointless|useless|unnecessary|needless|not needed|blown|splurged|missed|lost|past|forfeited|neglected|bungled|gone|gone by the board|down the drain


word: WASTEFUL
russian_word: расточительный
example: wasteful energy consumption
antonyms: thrifty|frugal
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈweɪstfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈweɪstfʊl|ˈweɪstf(ə)l
definition:
(of a person, action, or process) using or expending something of value carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose.

synonyms:
prodigal|profligate|uneconomical|extravagant|lavish|excessive|careless|imprudent|improvident|reckless|thriftless|spendthrift|squandering|needless|useless|not needed|squandered


word: WASTREL
russian_word: расточитель
example: I have no intention of seeing my dues gambled away by your wastrel of a son
definition: a wasteful or good-for-nothing person.|a waif; a neglected child.
origin: late 16th century (denoting a strip of waste land): from the verb waste + -rel.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪstr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈweɪstr(ə)l
synonyms:
spendthrift|prodigal|profligate|squanderer|big spender|idler|loafer|good-for-nothing|drone|ne'er-do-well|do-nothing|layabout|slob|lounger|shirker|sluggard|slug|laggard|slugabed|waster|loser|slacker|lazybones|skiver


word: WATCH
russian_word: смотреть
antonyms: ignore|disregard
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɒtʃ
phonetics_text: wɒtʃ
example:
Lucy watched him go|most women watch their diet during pregnancy|she watched whole nights in the church

definition:
look at or observe attentively over a period of time.|exercise care, caution, or restraint about.|remain awake for the purpose of religious observance.

synonyms:
observe|view|look at|eye|gaze at|stare at|gape at|peer at|contemplate|survey|feast one's eyes on|watch like a hawk|keep a weather eye on|inspect|scrutinize|scan|examine|study|take in|take stock of|glance at|see|notice|spot|glimpse|spy|catch sight of|lay one's eyes on|perceive|witness|ogle|leer at|make eyes at|pay attention to|regard|attend|take note of|mark|check out|get a load of|recce|eyeball|not take one's eyes off|take a dekko at|take a butcher's at|behold

origin:
Old English wæcce  ‘watchfulness’, wæccende  ‘remaining awake’; related to wake1. The sense ‘small timepiece’ probably developed by way of a sense ‘alarm device attached to a clock’.


word: WATCHER
russian_word: наблюдатель
example: a badger-watcher
definition: a person who observes something attentively or regularly.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈwɒtʃə
synonyms:
onlooker|spectator|observer|viewer|looker-on|witness|eyewitness|fly on the wall|sightseer|bystander|passer-by|non-participant|spy|rubberneck|beholder


word: WATCHFUL
russian_word: бдительный
example: they attended dances under the watchful eye of their father
definition: watching someone or something closely; alert and vigilant.
antonyms: inattentive|careless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɒtʃfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈwɒtʃfʊl|ˈwɒtʃf(ə)l
synonyms:
observant|alert|vigilant|attentive|perceptive|awake|wakeful|aware|heedful|sharp|sharp-eyed|keen-eyed|eagle-eyed|hawk-eyed|gimlet-eyed|with one's eyes open|on the lookout|on the qui vive|wary|cautious|careful|suspicious|circumspect|chary|with one's eyes skinned/peeled


word: WATCHMAN
russian_word: ночной сторож
example: a night watchman
definition: a man employed to look after an empty building, especially at night.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒtʃmən
phonetics_text: ˈwɒtʃmən
synonyms:
security guard|security man|guard|custodian|doorman|caretaker|janitor|superintendent|warden|steward|curator


word: WATCHWORD
russian_word: лозунг
example: on all educational fronts, innovation was the watchword
definition: a word or phrase expressing a person's or group's core aim or belief.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒtʃwəːd
phonetics_text: ˈwɒtʃwəːd
synonyms:
guiding principle|slogan|motto|maxim|axiom|mantra|truism|catchword|catchphrase|catchline|sound bite|byword|battle/rallying cry|formula|refrain|saying|buzzword


word: WATER
russian_word: воды
antonyms: land
synonyms: aqua|H2O|Adam's ale
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɔːtə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtə
example:
sodium chloride dissolves in water|the lawns ran down to the water's edge|drinking alcohol will make you need to pass water more often|I think my waters have broken

definition:
a colourless, transparent, odourless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms.|a stretch or area of water, such as a river, sea, or lake.|urine.|the amniotic fluid surrounding a fetus in the womb, especially as discharged in a flow shortly before birth.|the quality of transparency and brilliance shown by a diamond or other gem.|capital stock that represents a book value greater than the true assets of a company.

origin:
Old English wæter (noun), wæterian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch water, German Wasser, from an Indo-European root shared by Russian voda (compare with vodka), also by Latin unda ‘wave’ and Greek hudōr ‘water’.


word: WATERCOLOUR
russian_word: акварель
example: a self-portrait in watercolour
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəkʌlə
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəkʌlə
definition:
artists' paint made with a water-soluble binder such as gum arabic, and thinned with water rather than oil, giving a transparent colour.


word: WATERCRAFT
russian_word: гидроциклов
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔtəkraːft
phonetics_text: ˈwɔtəkraːft
definition:
a boat or other vessel that travels on water.|skill in sailing and other activities which take place on water.


word: WATERFALL
russian_word: водопад
synonyms: cascade|cataract|shower|torrent|outpouring|white water|chute|falls|rapids|force|linn
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəfɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəfɔːl
definition:
a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a precipice or steep incline.


word: WATERING CAN
russian_word: лейка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtərɪŋ kɑːn
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtərɪŋ kɑːn
definition:
a portable water container with a long spout and a detachable perforated cap, used for watering plants.


word: WATER LILY
russian_word: кувшинка
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an ornamental aquatic plant with large round floating leaves and large, typically cup-shaped, floating flowers.


word: WATERLINE
russian_word: ватерлиния
example: line the waterline with the black eyeliner
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəlʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəlʌɪn
definition:
the level normally reached by the water on the side of a ship.|a linear watermark in paper.|the rim of the upper or lower eyelid between the lashes and the eye itself (especially with reference to the application of eye make-up).


word: WATERLOG
russian_word: заболачивать
example: the open roof allowed rain to waterlog the field
definition: saturate with water; make (something) waterlogged.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəlɒɡ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəlɒɡ
origin:
mid 18th century (originally in the sense ‘make (a ship) unmanageable by flooding’): from water + the verb log1.


word: WATERMARK
russian_word: водяной знак
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəmɑːk
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəmɑːk
definition:
a faint design made in some paper during manufacture that is visible when held against the light and typically identifies the maker.


word: WATERMELON
russian_word: арбуз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəmɛlən
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəmɛlən
definition:
the large fruit of a plant of the gourd family, with smooth green skin, red pulp, and watery juice.|the African plant which yields watermelons.


word: WATER NYMPH
russian_word: русалка
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
(in folklore and classical mythology) a nymph inhabiting or presiding over water, especially a naiad or nereid.


word: WATER PIPE
russian_word: водопроводная труба
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a pipe for conveying water.|a pipe for smoking tobacco, cannabis, etc., that draws the smoke through water to cool it.


word: WATERPROOF
russian_word: водонепроницаемый
example: a waterproof hat
definition: impervious to water.
antonyms: leaky
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəpruːf
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəpruːf
synonyms:
watertight|water-repellent|water-resistant|weatherproof|damp-proof|impermeable|impervious|coated|proofed|rubberized|waxed


word: WATER-REPELLENT
russian_word: водоотталкивающий
example: a new water-repellent leather
part_of_speech: adjective
definition:
not easily penetrated by water, especially as a result of being treated for such a purpose with a surface coating.


word: WATERSHED
russian_word: водораздел
example: these works were a watershed in the history of music
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəʃɛd
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəʃɛd
definition:
an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.|an event or period marking a turning point in a situation.

origin:
early 19th century: from water + shed in the sense ‘ridge of high ground’ (related to shed2), suggested by German Wasserscheide .


word: WATERSKI
russian_word: водные лыжи
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəskiː
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəskiː
definition:
each of a pair of skis enabling the wearer to skim the surface of the water when towed by a motorboat.


word: WATERSPOUT
russian_word: водяной смерч
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəspaʊt
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəspaʊt
definition:
a rotating column of water and spray formed by a whirlwind occurring over the sea or other body of water.


word: WATERTIGHT
russian_word: водонепроницаемый
example: a watertight compartment|their alibis are watertight
antonyms: leaky
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɔːtətʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtətʌɪt
definition:
closely sealed, fastened, or fitted so that no water enters or passes through.|(of an argument or account) unable to be disputed or questioned.

synonyms:
waterproof|water-repellent|water-resistant|weatherproof|damp-proof|impermeable|impervious|sealed|hermetically sealed|coated|proofed|rubberized


word: WATERWAY
russian_word: водный путь
example: the canal was a very successful commercial waterway
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɔːtəweɪ
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːtəweɪ
definition:
a river, canal, or other route for travel by water.|a channel at the outer edge of a deck of a boat that allows water to run off.


word: WATERY
russian_word: водянистый
example: a watery fluid
definition: consisting of, containing, or resembling water.
antonyms: solid|dry
origin: Old English wæterig (see water, -y1).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɔːt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈwɔːt(ə)ri
synonyms:
liquid|fluid|liquefied|aqueous|hydrous|wet|damp|moist|sodden|soggy|squelchy|soft|saturated|waterlogged|marshy|boggy|swampy|fenny|miry|muddy|oozy


word: WATT
russian_word: ватт
origin: late 19th century: named after James Watt (see Watt, James).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɒt
phonetics_text: wɒt
definition:
the SI unit of power, equivalent to one joule per second, corresponding to the rate of consumption of energy in an electric circuit where the potential difference is one volt and the current one ampere.


word: WATTLE
russian_word: плетень
origin: Old English watul, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɒt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwɒt(ə)l
definition:
a material for making fences, walls, etc., consisting of rods or stakes interlaced with twigs or branches.|an acacia.


word: WAVE
russian_word: волна
synonyms: gesture|gesticulate|signal|sign|beckon|indicate|motion|nod|bid
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: weɪv
phonetics_text: weɪv
example:
he waved to me from the train|the flag waved in the wind|her hair had been carefully waved for the evening

definition:
move one's hand to and fro in greeting or as a signal.|move to and fro with a swaying motion while remaining fixed to one point.|style (hair) so that it curls slightly.

origin:
Old English wafian (verb), from the Germanic base of waver; the noun by alteration (influenced by the verb) of Middle English wawe ‘(sea) wave’.


word: WAVELENGTH
russian_word: длина волны
example: a range of wavelengths|when we met we hit it off immediately—we're on the same wavelength
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪvlɛŋ(k)θ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪvlɛŋ(k)θ|ˈweɪvlɛn(t)θ
definition:
the distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave.|a person's ideas and way of thinking, especially as it affects their ability to communicate with others.


word: WAVY
russian_word: волнистый
example: she had long, wavy hair
definition: having a form or edge that smoothly curves in and out.
antonyms: straight
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈweɪvi
phonetics_text: ˈweɪvi
synonyms:
curling|curly|curvy|curving|curved|undulating|meandering|winding|squiggly|rippled|crinkly|kinked|zigzag


word: WAX
russian_word: воск
example: he didn't get on wax until 1959
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: waks
phonetics_text: waks
definition:
a sticky yellowish mouldable substance secreted by honeybees as the material of a honeycomb; beeswax.|used in reference to records.

origin:
Old English wæx, weax, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch was and German Wachs . The verb dates from late Middle English.


word: WAXEN
russian_word: восковой
example: a canopy of waxen, creamy blooms|a waxen effigy
definition: having a smooth, pale, translucent surface or appearance like that of wax.|made of wax.
antonyms: ruddy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwaks(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈwaks(ə)n
synonyms:
pallid|pale|pasty|wan|ashen|colourless|anaemic|bloodless|washed out|ashy|chalky|chalk white|white|grey|whitish|waxy|blanched|drained|ghastly|sickly|sallow|as white as a sheet/ghost|deathly pale|milky|creamy|cream|ivory|milk white|alabaster


word: WAXING
russian_word: воском
example: a reddish afterburn from waxing|the latest waxing by the band
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwaksɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwaksɪŋ
definition:
the process of removing unwanted hair from a part of the body by applying wax and peeling off the wax and hairs together.|a sound recording.


word: WAY
russian_word: способ
part_of_speech: noun|adverb
phonetic: weɪ
phonetics_text: weɪ
example:
I hated their way of cooking potatoes|No. 3, Church Way|the national vote split three ways|the dinghy lost way and drifted towards the shore

definition:
a method, style, or manner of doing something; an optional or alternative form of action.|a road, track, or path for travelling along.|parts into which something divides or is divided.|a person's occupation or line of business.|forward motion or momentum of a ship or boat through water.|a sloping structure down which a new ship is launched.

synonyms:
method|course of action|process|procedure|technique|system|plan|strategy|scheme|means|mechanism|routine|manner|approach|route|road|modus operandi

origin:
Old English weg, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch weg and German Weg, from a base meaning ‘move, carry’.


word: WAYFARER
russian_word: путник
definition: a person who travels on foot.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪfɛːrə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪfɛːrə
synonyms:
traveller|journeyer|nomad|migrant|gypsy|vagabond|vagrant|itinerant|drifter|walker|hiker|rambler|wanderer|roamer|rover|backpacker|footslogger


word: WAYFARING
russian_word: странствующий
example: a wayfaring stranger
definition: (of a person) travelling on foot.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈweɪˌfɛːrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪˌfɛːrɪŋ
synonyms:
travelling|journeying|walking|hiking|rambling|touring|wandering|roaming|roving|drifting|nomadic|itinerant|peripatetic|migratory|migrating|floating|on the move/go/wing


word: WAYLAY
russian_word: подстерегать
example: he waylaid me on the stairs
definition: stop or interrupt (someone) and detain them in conversation or trouble them in some other way.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: weɪˈleɪ
phonetics_text: weɪˈleɪ
synonyms:
ambush|hold up|attack|assail|rob|lie in wait for|lay a trap for|trap|entrap|mug|stick up|accost|detain|intercept|take aside|stop and talk to|pounce on|swoop down on|importune|buttonhole


word: WAY OF LIFE
russian_word: образ жизни
example: the rural way of life
definition: the typical pattern of behaviour of a person or group.
phonetic: ˌweɪ əv ˈlʌɪf
phonetics_text: ˌweɪ əv ˈlʌɪf
synonyms:
culture|civilization|society|lifestyle|customs|traditions|heritage|habits|ways|mores|values|way of living|manner of living|life|situation|position|state|station|condition|set of circumstances|fate|lot


word: WAY-OUT
russian_word: новейший
example: teachers were accused of espousing way-out ideologies and teaching methods
definition: extremely unconventional, unusual, or avant-garde.
antonyms: normal|ordinary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: weɪˈaʊt
phonetics_text: weɪˈaʊt
synonyms:
unconventional|off-centre|outlandish|eccentric|quirky|aberrant|unusual|crazy|absurd|bizarre|mad|strange|weird|freakish|peculiar|odd|uncommon|avant-garde|far out|offbeat|oddball|wacky|screwy|nutty|rum|batty|bizarro|off the wall


word: WAYWARD
russian_word: своенравный
example: a wayward adolescent
definition: difficult to control or predict because of wilful or perverse behaviour.
antonyms: well behaved|docile
origin: late Middle English: shortening of obsolete awayward ‘turned away’; compare with froward.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈweɪwəd
phonetics_text: ˈweɪwəd
synonyms:
wilful|self-willed|headstrong|stubborn|obstinate|obdurate|perverse|contrary|rebellious|defiant|uncooperative|refractory|recalcitrant|unruly|wild|ungovernable|unmanageable|unpredictable|capricious|whimsical|fickle|inconstant|changeable|erratic|intractable|difficult|impossible|intolerable|unbearable|fractious|disobedient|insubordinate|undisciplined|contumacious


word: WE
russian_word: мы
example: shall we have a drink?|in this section we discuss the reasons for this decision|how are we today?
origin: Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wij and German wir .
part_of_speech: pronoun
phonetic: wiː
phonetics_text: wiː
definition:
used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself and one or more other people considered together.|used in formal contexts for or by a royal person, or by a writer or editor, to refer to himself or herself.|used condescendingly to refer to the person being addressed.


word: WEAK
russian_word: слабый
antonyms: strong
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: wiːk
phonetics_text: wiːk
example:
she was recovering from flu, and was very weak|the salamander's tail may be broken off at a weak spot near the base|a weak light from a single street lamp

definition:
lacking the power to perform physically demanding tasks; having little physical strength or energy.|liable to break or give way under pressure; easily damaged.|lacking intensity or brightness.|denoting a class of verbs in Germanic languages that form the past tense and past participle by addition of a suffix (in English, typically -ed ).|relating to or denoting the weakest of the known kinds of force between particles, which acts only at distances less than about 10−15 cm, is very much weaker than the electromagnetic and the strong interactions, and conserves neither strangeness, parity, nor isospin.

synonyms:
frail|feeble|puny|fragile|delicate|weakly|infirm|sick|sickly|shaky|debilitated|incapacitated|ailing|indisposed|decrepit|enervated|tired|fatigued|exhausted|spent|worn out|weedy

origin:
Old English wāc  ‘pliant’, ‘of little worth’, ‘not steadfast’, reinforced in Middle English by Old Norse veikr, from a Germanic base meaning ‘yield, give way’.


word: WEAKEN
russian_word: ослаблять
example: fault lines had weakened and shattered the rocks
definition: make or become weaker in power, resolve, or physical strength.
antonyms: strengthen|increase|boost|intensify|bolster|stand firm
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈwiːk(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈwiːk(ə)n
synonyms:
enfeeble|debilitate|incapacitate|sap one's strength|enervate|tire|exhaust|wear out|wither|erode|diminish|destroy|reduce|decrease|lessen|moderate|temper|sap|dilute|water down|thin|blunt|mitigate|deplete|soften (up)|abate|dwindle|ease up|let up|trail off|wane|ebb|subside|peter out|melt away|fizzle out|taper off|tail off|grow dim|grow faint|decline|deteriorate|degenerate|shrivel|wilt|languish|falter|impair|undermine|compromise|invalidate|refute|rebut|negate|discredit|relent|give in|acquiesce|yield|give way|accede|succumb|come round|consent|assent|agree|soften|bend|ease off


word: WEAK-MINDED
russian_word: слабовольный
definition: lacking determination, emotional strength, or intellectual capacity.
antonyms: strong-willed|intelligent
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
irresolute|weak-willed|weak|impressionable|spineless|indecisive|unassertive|persuadable|persuasible|submissive|compliant|pusillanimous|foolish|simple|feeble-minded|witless|mindless|brainless|stupid|idiotic


word: WEAKNESS
russian_word: слабость
antonyms: strength|vigour|resolve|power
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːknəs
phonetics_text: ˈwiːknəs
example:
the country's weakness in international dealings|you must recognize your product's strengths and weaknesses|you're his one weakness—he should never have met you

definition:
the state or condition of being weak.|a disadvantage or fault.|a person or thing that one is unable to resist or likes excessively.

synonyms:
frailty|feebleness|enfeeblement|puniness|fragility|delicateness|delicacy|weakliness|infirmity|sickness|sickliness|shakiness|debility|incapacity|indisposition|decrepitude|enervation|fatigue|exhaustion|tiredness|weediness|spinelessness|timidity|cravenness|cowardliness|pusillanimity|timorousness|indecisiveness|indecision|irresolution|ineffectuality|uselessness|ineptness|ineptitude|effeteness|meekness|tameness|powerlessness|ineffectiveness|impotence|faint-heartedness|chicken-heartedness|inadequacy|defectiveness|faultiness|deficiency|imperfection|unconvincingness|untenability|tenuousness|implausibility|unsatisfactoriness|slightness|poverty|thinness|transparency|unsoundness|flimsiness|lameness|hollowness|indistinctness|muffledness|mutedness|faintness|lowness|low intensity|dimness|paleness|wanness|dullness


word: WEALTH
russian_word: богатство
antonyms: poverty|privation
origin: Middle English welthe, from well1 or weal2, on the pattern of health .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɛlθ
phonetics_text: wɛlθ
example:
he used his considerable wealth to bribe officials|the tables and maps contain a wealth of information

definition:
an abundance of valuable possessions or money.|a plentiful supply of a particular desirable thing.|well-being.

synonyms:
affluence|prosperity|opulence|riches|means|substance|luxury|well-being|plenty|deep pockets|Mammon|money|cash|lucre|capital|principal|treasure|fortune|finance|assets|possessions|resources|effects|goods|funds|valuables|property|stock|reserves|securities|holdings|belongings|chattels|ill-gotten gains|wherewithal|dough|bread|pelf


word: WEALTHY
russian_word: богатый
example: the wealthy nations of the world
definition: having a great deal of money, resources, or assets; rich.
antonyms: poor|impoverished
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɛlθi
phonetics_text: ˈwɛlθi
synonyms:
rich|affluent|moneyed|cash rich|well off|with deep pockets|well-to-do|prosperous|comfortable|opulent|propertied|of means|of substance|in clover|plutocratic|silk-stocking|multi-crore|minted|well heeled|rolling in it/money|in the money|made of money|filthy rich|stinking rich|loaded|flush|on easy street|quids in|worth a packet/bundle|financial|oofy


word: WEAPONIZE
russian_word: боеприпас
definition: adapt for use as a weapon.|install weapons in.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈwɛpənʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈwɛpənʌɪz
example:
they had produced and weaponized many deadly biological agents, including anthrax|critics see this effort to weaponize space as profoundly dangerous for national security


word: WEAR
russian_word: носить
synonyms: be dressed in|be clothed in|have on|sport|dress in|clothe oneself in|put on|don
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɛː
phonetics_text: wɛː
example:
he was wearing a dark suit|the track has been worn down in part to bare rock|spinning long stories, wearing half the day|the environmental health people wouldn't wear it

definition:
have (something) on one's body as clothing, decoration, or protection.|damage, erode, or destroy by friction or use.|pass (a period of time) in some activity.|tolerate; accept.

origin:
Old English werian, of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin vestis ‘clothing’.


word: WEAR AWAY
russian_word: стирать
example:
over time the sharp edges would wear away|the winter is wearing away, thank God, and everything will be alive again

definition:
become gradually smaller or smoother through use or contact over a long period.|(of a period of time) pass by.


word: WEARINESS
russian_word: усталость
example: he began to feel weariness|growing war-weariness
definition: extreme tiredness; fatigue.|reluctance to see or experience any more of something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪərɪnɪs
phonetics_text: ˈwɪərɪnɪs
synonyms:
tiredness|fatigue|exhaustion|prostration|overtiredness|collapse|jet lag|sleepiness|drowsiness|somnolence|doziness|lethargy|lassitude|languor|languidness|debility|enervation|listlessness|sluggishness|lifelessness|torpor|inertia


word: WEARING
russian_word: ношение
example: it would be a lot less wearing if we could work together amicably
definition: mentally or physically tiring.
antonyms: refreshing|relaxing
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɛərɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɛərɪŋ
synonyms:
tiring|exhausting|wearying|fatiguing|enervating|draining|sapping|stressful|weary|crushing|demanding|exacting|taxing|trying|challenging|burdensome|arduous|gruelling|punishing|grinding|onerous|difficult|hard|tough|heavy|laborious|back-breaking|crippling|strenuous|rigorous|uphill


word: WEARISOME
russian_word: утомительный
example: they have schedules and inventories that tell them in wearisome detail what they should look for
definition: causing one to feel tired or bored.
antonyms: refreshing|interesting|enjoyable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɪərɪs(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈwɪərɪs(ə)m
synonyms:
tiring|exhausting|wearying|fatiguing|enervating|draining|sapping|stressful|wearing|crushing|demanding|exacting|taxing|trying|challenging|burdensome|arduous|gruelling|punishing|grinding|onerous|difficult|hard|tough|heavy|laborious|back-breaking|crippling|strenuous|rigorous|uphill|tiresome|irksome|weary|boring|dull|tedious|monotonous|humdrum|prosaic|unexciting|uninteresting


word: WEAR OFF
russian_word: стирать
example: the effects of the drug were wearing off
definition: lose effectiveness or intensity.
synonyms:
fade|dwindle|diminish|lessen|decrease|wane|ebb|subside|weaken|lose intensity|lose strength|peter out|melt away|fizzle out|pall|taper off|tail off|grow faint|grow dim|evaporate|disappear|vanish|die|come to nothing|come to a halt|come to an end|run out|lose its effectiveness/effect


word: WEAR OUT
russian_word: истощать
example: the type was used again and again until it wore out|an hour of this wandering wore him out
definition: be used until no longer in good condition or working order.|exhaust someone.
synonyms:
deteriorate|become worn|show signs of wear|come to the end of its life|become useless|wear thin|fray|become threadbare|go into holes|go through|wear through


word: WEARY
russian_word: утомленный
example: he gave a long, weary sigh|she was weary of their constant arguments
antonyms: energetic|fresh
origin: Old English wērig, wǣrig, of West Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: ˈwɪəri
phonetics_text: ˈwɪəri
definition:
feeling or showing extreme tiredness, especially as a result of excessive exertion.|reluctant to see or experience any more of; tired of.

synonyms:
tired|tired out|worn out|exhausted|fatigued|overtired|sleepy|drowsy|wearied|sapped|dog-tired|spent|drained|jet-lagged|played out|debilitated|prostrate|enervated|jaded|low|all in|done (in/up)|dead|dead beat|dead tired|dead on one's feet|asleep on one's feet|ready to drop|fagged out|burnt out|bushed|worn to a frazzle|shattered|knackered|whacked|pooped|tuckered out


word: WEASEL
russian_word: ласка
example: he was a double-crossing weasel
origin: Old English wesle, wesule, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch wezel and German Wiesel .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwiːz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwiːz(ə)l
definition:
a small, slender carnivorous mammal related to, but smaller than, the stoat.|a deceitful or treacherous person.

synonyms:
scoundrel|wretch|rogue|swine|bastard|creep|louse|rat|toad|snake|snake in the grass|serpent|viper|skunk|dog|cur|scumbag|heel|nasty piece of work|bad lot|rat fink|sleeveen|dingo|hound|rotter|bounder|cad|blackguard|dastard|knave|varlet|shit|son of a bitch|SOB|sod


word: WEATHER
russian_word: погода
example: if the weather's good we can go for a walk
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɛðə
phonetics_text: ˈwɛðə
definition:
the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as regards heat, cloudiness, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.

synonyms:
meteorological conditions|atmospheric conditions|meteorology|climate|temperature|humidity|cloud cover|wind speed|atmospheric pressure|elements|forecast|outlook|met|met report

origin:
Old English weder, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch weer and German Wetter, probably also to the noun wind1.


word: WEATHERBOARD
russian_word: наветренный борт
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɛðəbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈwɛðəbɔːd
definition:
each of a series of horizontal boards nailed to outside walls with edges overlapping to keep out the rain.


word: WEATHERSTRIP
russian_word: наличник
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɛðəstrɪp
phonetics_text: ˈwɛðəstrɪp
definition:
a strip of rubber, metal, or other material used to seal the edges of a door or window against rain and wind.


word: WEAVE
russian_word: ткать
example: textiles woven from linen or wool|he weaves colourful, cinematic plots
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wiːv
phonetics_text: wiːv
definition:
form (fabric or a fabric item) by interlacing long threads passing in one direction with others at a right angle to them.|make (a complex story or pattern) from a number of interconnected elements.

synonyms:
entwine|lace|work|twist|knit|interlace|intertwine|interwork|intertwist|interknit|twist together|criss-cross|braid|twine|plait

origin:
Old English wefan, of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek huphē ‘web’ and Sanskrit ūrṇavābhi ‘spider’, literally ‘wool-weaver’. The current noun sense dates from the late 19th century.


word: WEAVER
russian_word: ткач
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːvə
phonetics_text: ˈwiːvə
definition:
a person who weaves fabric.|a songbird of tropical Africa and Asia, related to the sparrows and building elaborately woven nests.


word: WEB
russian_word: сеть
example: he found himself caught up in a web of bureaucracy
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɛb
phonetics_text: wɛb
definition:
a network of fine threads constructed by a spider from fluid secreted by its spinnerets, used to catch its prey.|a complex system of interconnected elements.|a membrane between the toes of a swimming bird or other aquatic animal.|a roll of paper used in a continuous printing process.|a piece of woven fabric.

synonyms:
mesh|netting|net|lattice|latticework|lacework|interlacing|webbing|tissue|gauze|gossamer|chiffon|fabric|material|textile|fibre

origin:
Old English web(b)  ‘woven fabric’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch web, also to weave1. Early use of the verb was in the sense ‘weave fabric on a loom’.


word: WEBBED
russian_word: перепончатый
example: a heavy webbed strap
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: wɛbd
phonetics_text: wɛbd
definition:
(of the feet of a swimming bird or other aquatic animal) having the toes connected by a membrane.|(of a band or strip of tough material) made from webbing or similar fabric.


word: WEBBING
russian_word: тесьма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛbɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɛbɪŋ
example:
webbing straps|just when the ball is about to go past him, he leaps up and snags it in the webbing of his glove

definition:
strong, closely woven fabric used for making items such as straps and belts, and for supporting the seats of upholstered chairs.|the part of a baseball glove between the thumb and forefinger.


word: WEBER
russian_word: Вебер
origin: late 19th century: named after W. E. Weber (see Weber, Wilhelm Eduard).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈveɪbə
phonetics_text: ˈveɪbə
definition:
the SI unit of magnetic flux, causing the electromotive force of one volt in a circuit of one turn when generated or removed in one second.


word: WEBMAIL
russian_word: веб-почты
example: stolen cookies can be used by hackers to hijack the corresponding webmail or other online accounts
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛbmeɪl
phonetics_text: ˈwɛbmeɪl
definition:
an email system in which a user can access their emails via a browser on any computer or device that is connected to the internet.


word: WEBSITE
russian_word: сайт
example: for more information, please visit our website
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛbsʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈwɛbsʌɪt
definition:
a set of related web pages located under a single domain name, typically produced by a single person or organization.


word: WEBWORM
russian_word: мотылек
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛbwəːm
phonetics_text: ˈwɛbwəːm
definition:
a caterpillar which spins a web in which to rest or feed. When present in large numbers it can become a serious pest.


word: WED
russian_word: ср
definition: get married to.|combine (two factors or qualities, especially desirable ones).
antonyms: divorce|separate|jilt
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: wɛd
phonetics_text: wɛd
example:
he was to wed the king's daughter|in this album he weds an excellent programme with a distinctive vocal style

synonyms:
marry|get/be married|be wed|become husband and wife|become man and wife|plight/pledge one's troth|tie the knot|walk down the aisle|take the plunge|get spliced|get hitched|get yoked|say ‘I do’|become espoused|get/be married to|be wed to|take as one's wife/husband|lead to the altar|get hitched to|get spliced to|tie the knot with|make an honest woman of|espouse|wive

origin:
Old English weddian, from the Germanic base of Scots wed ‘a pledge’; related to Latin vas ‘surety’, also to gage1.


word: WEDDED
russian_word: преданный
example: they're celebrating 25 years of wedded bliss
definition: relating to marriage.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɛdɪd
phonetics_text: ˈwɛdɪd
synonyms:
married|matrimonial|marital|conjugal|connubial|nuptial|marriage|wedding|spousal|hymeneal|epithalamic


word: WEDDING
russian_word: свадьба
definition: a marriage ceremony, especially considered as including the associated celebrations.
origin: Old English weddung (see wed, -ing1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛdɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɛdɪŋ
synonyms:
marriage|marriage ceremony|wedding ceremony|nuptial ceremony|marriage service|wedding service|marriage rites|wedding rites|matrimony|holy matrimony|nuptials|union|big day|espousal(s)


word: WEDGE
russian_word: клин
example: the door was secured by a wedge|he invested his wedge in stocks and shares
synonyms: tapered block|chock|door stop
origin: Old English wecg (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wig .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɛdʒ
phonetics_text: wɛdʒ
definition:
a piece of wood, metal, etc. having one thick end and tapering to a thin edge, that is driven between two objects or parts of an object to secure or separate them.|a golf club with a low, angled face for maximum loft.|a shoe with a fairly high heel forming a solid block with the sole.|money or earnings.


word: WEDLOCK
russian_word: брак
definition: the state of being married.
synonyms: marriage|matrimony|holy matrimony|married state|union|conjugal bond
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛdlɒk
phonetics_text: ˈwɛdlɒk
origin:
late Old English wedlāc  ‘marriage vow’, from wed  ‘pledge’ (related to wed) + the suffix -lāc (denoting action).


word: WEDNESDAY
russian_word: среда
example: a report goes before the councillors on Wednesday
definition: the day of the week before Thursday and following Tuesday.
part_of_speech: noun|adverb
phonetic: ˈwɛnzdeɪ
phonetics_text: ˈwɛnzdeɪ|ˈwɛnzdi
origin:
Old English Wōdnesdæg  ‘day of Odin’, named after the Germanic god Odin or Woden, the supreme god; translation of late Latin Mercurii dies, Odin being equated with the Roman god Mercury. Compare with Dutch woensdag .


word: WEE
russian_word: крошечный
example: when I was just a wee bairn
definition: little.
antonyms: big|major
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: wiː
phonetics_text: wiː
synonyms:
little|small|tiny|minute|miniature|small-scale|compact|mini|undersized|diminutive|dwarf|midget|Lilliputian|infinitesimal|microscopic|nanoscopic|minuscule|bijou|toy|trivial|trifling|negligible|insignificant|unimportant|minor|of no account|of no consequence|of no importance|not worth bothering about|not worth mentioning|inconsequential|minimal|inappreciable|imperceptible|nugatory|petty|teeny|teeny-weeny|teensy|teensy-weensy|itsy-bitsy|half-pint|dinky|piddling|piffling|titchy|little-bitty|vest-pocket

origin:
Middle English (originally a noun use in Scots, usually as a little wee ‘a little bit’): from Old English wēg(e) (see wey).


word: WEED
russian_word: сорняк
origin: Old English wēod (noun), wēodian (verb), of unknown origin; related to Dutch wieden (verb).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wiːd
phonetics_text: wiːd
example:
keep the seedlings clear of weeds|he thought party games were for weeds and wets|my tiny bay weed could jump like a stag

definition:
a wild plant growing where it is not wanted and in competition with cultivated plants.|a contemptibly feeble person.|a leggy, loosely built horse.


word: WEED OUT
russian_word: отбирать
example: we must raise the level of research and weed out the poorest work
definition: remove an inferior or unwanted component of a group or collection.
synonyms:
isolate|separate out|set apart|put to one side|divide|segregate|sort out|sift out|winnow out|filter out|sieve|eliminate|get rid of|remove|dispense with|shed|dump|lose


word: WEEDY
russian_word: слабый
example: a weedy path led to the gate|he was small and weedy
definition: containing or covered with many weeds.|(of a person) thin and physically weak in appearance.
antonyms: burly
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwiːdi
phonetics_text: ˈwiːdi
synonyms:
puny|feeble|weak|frail|delicate|underdeveloped|thin|undersized|slight|slightly built|skinny|scrawny|a slip of a …|pint-sized


word: WEEK
russian_word: неделя
example: the course lasts sixteen weeks
definition: a period of seven days.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wiːk
phonetics_text: wiːk
origin:
Old English wice, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch week and German Woche, from a base probably meaning ‘sequence, series’.


word: WEEN
russian_word: надеяться
example: he, I ween, is no sacred personage
definition: be of the opinion; think or suppose.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: wiːn
phonetics_text: wiːn
origin:
Old English wēnan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wanen ‘imagine’, German wähnen ‘suppose wrongly’, also to wish.


word: WEENIE
russian_word: препона
example: newer programming languages are a favorite of the tech weenies
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːni
phonetics_text: ˈwiːni
definition:
a frankfurter or similar sausage.|a man's penis.|a weak, socially inept, or boringly studious person.


word: WEEP
russian_word: плакать
example: a grieving mother wept over the body of her daughter|she rubbed the sore, making it weep
definition: shed tears.|exude liquid.
antonyms: laugh|rejoice
origin: Old English wēpan (verb), of Germanic origin, probably imitative.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wiːp
phonetics_text: wiːp
synonyms:
cry|shed tears|sob|snivel|whimper|whine|mewl|bawl|lament|grieve|mourn|keen|wail|greet|boohoo|blub|blubber|pule


word: WEEPER
russian_word: плакса
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːpə
phonetics_text: ˈwiːpə
definition:
a person who weeps.|another term for weepy.|mourning clothes, in particular a man's crape hatband or a widow's black crape veil and white cuffs.|long side whiskers worn without a beard.


word: WEEPING
russian_word: плач
example: a Victorian tombstone that depicted a weeping woman
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwiːpɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwiːpɪŋ
definition:
shedding tears.|used in names of tree and shrub varieties with drooping branches, e.g. weeping cherry.


word: WEEPY
russian_word: плаксивый
example: seeing a bride always made her feel weepy
definition: tearful; inclined to weep.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈwiːpi
phonetics_text: ˈwiːpi
synonyms:
tearful|in tears|crying|weeping|sobbing|wailing|snivelling|whimpering|close to tears|on the verge of tears|with tears in one's eyes|emotional|upset|distressed|sad|unhappy|greeting|teary|blubbing|blubbering|lachrymose|larmoyant


word: WEEVIL
russian_word: долгоносик
origin: Old English wifel ‘beetle’, from a Germanic base meaning ‘move briskly’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːv(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwiːv(ə)l|ˈwiːvɪl
definition:
a small beetle with an elongated snout, the larvae of which typically develop inside seeds, stems, or other plant parts. Many are pests of crops or stored foodstuffs.


word: WEFT
russian_word: уток
example: weft threads
origin: Old English weft(a), of Germanic origin; related to weave1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɛft
phonetics_text: wɛft
definition:
(in weaving) the crosswise threads on a loom that are passed over and under the warp threads to make cloth.


word: WEIGH
russian_word: весить
antonyms: ignore|take on trust
synonyms: measure the weight of
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: weɪ
phonetics_text: weɪ
example:
weigh yourself on the day you begin the diet|the consequences of the move would need to be very carefully weighed

definition:
find out how heavy (someone or something) is, typically using scales.|assess the nature or importance of, especially with a view to a decision or action.

origin:
Old English wegan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wegen ‘weigh’, German bewegen ‘move’, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin vehere ‘convey’. Early senses included ‘transport from one place to another’ and ‘raise up’.


word: WEIGH DOWN
russian_word: тяготить
example: my waders and fishing gear weighed me down
definition: (of something heavy and cumbersome) impede or hold down someone.
synonyms:
burden|weight|saddle|charge|overload|overburden|overwhelm|encumber|hamper|handicap|tax|strain|trammel


word: WEIGH ON
russian_word: тяготить
example: his unhappiness would weigh on my mind so much
definition: be depressing or burdensome to someone.
synonyms:
oppress|lie heavy on|press down on|burden|be a burden on/to|weigh down|cast down|hang over|gnaw at|prey on|prey on someone's mind|trouble|worry|beset|bother|disturb|upset|get someone down|depress|distress|grieve|haunt|nag|torment|afflict|perturb|plague|obsess|take over|take control of


word: WEIGH OUT
russian_word: развесить
example:
she weighed out two ounces of loose tobacco|he weighed out at 7 stone 8 pounds and rode a perfectly judged race

definition:
measure and take a portion of a particular weight from a larger quantity of a substance.|(of a jockey) be weighed before a race.


word: WEIGHT
russian_word: вес
synonyms: heaviness|mass|load|burden|pressure|force|poundage|tonnage|avoirdupois
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: weɪt
phonetics_text: weɪt
example:
he was at least fifteen stone in weight|the herbalist spooned the powder on to scales with tiny brass weights|a recommendation by the committee will carry great weight

definition:
a body's relative mass or the quantity of matter contained by it, giving rise to a downward force; the heaviness of a person or thing.|a piece of metal known to weigh a definite amount and used on scales to determine how heavy an object or quantity of a substance is.|the ability of someone or something to influence decisions or actions.|the surface density of cloth, used as a measure of its quality.

origin:
Old English (ge)wiht, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wicht and German Gewicht . The form of the word has been influenced by weigh1.


word: WEIGHTING
russian_word: взвешивание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪtɪŋ
example:
each score is then multiplied by the appropriate weighting, giving a weighted score|they will give due weighting to quality as well as price

definition:
allowance or adjustment made in order to take account of special circumstances or compensate for a distorting factor.|emphasis or priority.


word: WEIGHTLIFTING
russian_word: тяжелая атлетика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪtlɪftɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈweɪtlɪftɪŋ
definition:
the sport or activity of lifting barbells or other heavy weights. There are two standard lifts in modern weightlifting: the single-movement lift from floor to extended position (the snatch ), and the two-movement lift from floor to shoulder position, and from shoulders to extended position (the clean and jerk ).


word: WEIRD
russian_word: странный
example: weird, inhuman sounds
definition: suggesting something supernatural; unearthly.|connected with fate.
antonyms: normal|ordinary
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: wɪəd
phonetics_text: wɪəd
synonyms:
uncanny|eerie|unnatural|preternatural|supernatural|unearthly|other-worldly|unreal|ghostly|mysterious|mystifying|strange|abnormal|unusual|eldritch|creepy|spooky|freaky|rum

origin:
Old English wyrd  ‘destiny’, of Germanic origin. The adjective (late Middle English) originally meant ‘having the power to control destiny’, and was used especially in the Weird Sisters, originally referring to the Fates, later the witches in Shakespeare's Macbeth ; the latter use gave rise to the sense ‘unearthly’ (early 19th century).


word: WEIRDO
russian_word: чудак
example: the streets are dangerous and there are too many weirdos around
definition: a person whose dress or behaviour seems strange or eccentric.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪədəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈwɪədəʊ
synonyms:
eccentric|oddity|unorthodox person|individualist|individual|nonconformist|free spirit|bohemian|maverick|deviant|pervert|misfit|dropout|oddball|freak|character|weirdie|crackpot|loony|nut|nutcase|head case|sicko|perv|one-off|odd bod|odd/queer fish|nutter|wacko|wack|screwball|kook|wing nut|wackadoo|wackadoodle|case|card


word: WELCOME
russian_word: добро пожаловать
example: you will receive a warm welcome
definition: an instance or manner of greeting someone.
antonyms: farewell|rebuff
part_of_speech: noun|exclamation|verb|adjective
phonetic: ˈwɛlkəm
phonetics_text: ˈwɛlkəm
synonyms:
greeting|salutation|hail|welcoming|reception|warm reception|favourable reception|acceptance|hospitality|red carpet|fáilte

origin:
Old English wilcuma  ‘a person whose coming is pleasing’, wilcumian (verb), from wil- ‘desire, pleasure’ + cuman ‘come’. The first element was later changed to wel- ‘well’, influenced by Old French bien venu or Old Norse velkominn .


word: WELD
russian_word: сварной шов
example: steel plates were being welded|cross-curricular themes would weld the curriculum together
antonyms: separate
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɛld
phonetics_text: wɛld
definition:
join together (metal parts) by heating the surfaces to the point of melting with a blowpipe, electric arc, or other means, and uniting them by pressing, hammering, etc.|cause to combine and form a harmonious or effective whole.

synonyms:
fuse|unite|bond|connect|stick|join|link|attach|bind|seal|amalgamate|knit|splice|meld|melt|blend|solder|cement|glue|gum|paste

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘become united’): alteration (probably influenced by the past participle) of well2 in the obsolete sense ‘melt or weld heated metal’.


word: WELFARE
russian_word: благосостояние
antonyms: hardship
origin: Middle English: from the adverb well1 + the verb fare.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛlfɛː
phonetics_text: ˈwɛlfɛː
example:
they don't give a damn about the welfare of their families|the protection of rights to education, housing, and welfare

definition:
the health, happiness, and fortunes of a person or group.|statutory procedure or social effort designed to promote the basic physical and material well-being of people in need.

synonyms:
well-being|health|good health|happiness|comfort|security|safety|protection|prosperity|profit|good|success|fortune|good fortune|advantage|interest|prosperousness|successfulness


word: WELL
russian_word: хорошо
definition: in a good or satisfactory way.|in a thorough manner.|very probably; in all likelihood.
antonyms: poorly
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective|exclamation
phonetic: wɛl
phonetics_text: wɛl
example:
the whole team played well|add the mustard and lemon juice and mix well|being short of breath may well be the first sign of asthma

synonyms:
skilfully|with skill|ably|competently|proficiently|adeptly|adroitly|deftly|dexterously|effectively|expertly|with expertise|admirably|excellently|consummately|professionally

origin:
Old English wel(l), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wel and German wohl ; probably also to the verb will1. Vowel lengthening in Middle English gave rise to the current Scots form weel.


word: WELL-BEING
russian_word: процветание
example: an improvement in the patient's well-being
definition: the state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɛlˈbiːɪŋ
phonetics_text: wɛlˈbiːɪŋ
synonyms:
welfare|health|good health|happiness|comfort|security|safety|protection|prosperity|profit|good|success|fortune|good fortune|advantage|interest|prosperousness|successfulness


word: WELL-TO-DO
russian_word: зажиточный
example: a well-to-do family
definition: wealthy; prosperous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: wɛltəˈduː
phonetics_text: wɛltəˈduː
synonyms:
wealthy|rich|affluent|moneyed|cash rich|with deep pockets|well off|prosperous|opulent|substantial|comfortable|propertied|of means|of substance|rolling in money|rolling in it|in the money|loaded|stinking rich|filthy rich|well heeled|flush|made of money|quids in|worth a packet|worth a bundle|on easy street|oofy


word: WELSH
russian_word: валлийский
example: banks began welshing on their agreement not to convert dollar reserves into gold
definition: fail to honour (a debt or obligation incurred through a promise or agreement).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: wɛlʃ
phonetics_text: wɛlʃ
origin:
mid 19th century: of uncertain origin; perhaps from Welsh, on account of the formerly alleged dishonesty of Welsh people.


word: WELT
russian_word: рант
example: let me give it a welt with my hammer
origin: late Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɛlt
phonetics_text: wɛlt
definition:
a leather rim sewn round the edge of a shoe upper to which the sole is attached.|a red, raised mark or scar; a weal.|a heavy blow.


word: WELTERWEIGHT
russian_word: полусреднем
origin: early 19th century: welter of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛltəweɪt
phonetics_text: ˈwɛltəweɪt
definition:
a weight in boxing and other sports intermediate between lightweight and middleweight. In the amateur boxing scale it ranges from 63.5–67 kg.


word: WEN
russian_word: жировик
example: the great wen of London
origin: Old English wen(n), of unknown origin; compare with Low German wehne ‘tumour, wart’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɛn
phonetics_text: wɛn
definition:
a boil or other swelling or growth on the skin, especially a sebaceous cyst.|a very large or overcrowded city.


word: WENCH
russian_word: девка
example: in the new film about Columbus, she plays the token buxom wench
definition: a girl or young woman.|a prostitute.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɛn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: wɛn(t)ʃ
origin:
Middle English: abbreviation of obsolete wenchel  ‘child, servant, prostitute’; perhaps related to Old English wancol  ‘unsteady, inconstant’.


word: WEND
russian_word: венд
example: they wended their way across the city
definition: go in a specified direction, typically slowly or by an indirect route.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: wɛnd
phonetics_text: wɛnd
synonyms:
meander|make one's way|wind one's way|find one's way|pick one's way|wander|potter|amble|stroll|saunter|drift|roam|breeze|float|cruise|swan|waltz|traipse|trog|go|proceed|travel|move|pass|walk|journey|perambulate|mosey|toddle|truck|bat

origin:
Old English wendan  ‘to turn, depart’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German wenden, also to wind2.


word: WEREWOLF
russian_word: оборотень
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛːwʊlf
phonetics_text: ˈwɛːwʊlf|ˈwɪəːwʊlf|ˈwəːwʊlf
definition:
(in folklore) a person who changes for periods of time into a wolf, typically when there is a full moon.

origin:
late Old English werewulf ; the first element has usually been identified with Old English wer  ‘man’. In modern use the word has been revived through folklore studies.


word: WEST
russian_word: запад
antonyms: the East
synonyms: the Occident
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|adverb
phonetic: wɛst
phonetics_text: wɛst
example:
the evening sun glowed from the west|it will become windy in the west|West butts in with a bid of three spades

definition:
the direction towards the point of the horizon where the sun sets at the equinoxes, on the left-hand side of a person facing north, or the part of the horizon lying in this direction.|the western part of the world or of a specified country, region, or town.|the player sitting to the right of North and partnering East.

origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German west, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek hesperos, Latin vesper ‘evening’.


word: WESTERN
russian_word: западный
example: there will be showers in some western areas|Western society
origin: Old English westerne (see west, -ern).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈwɛst(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈwɛst(ə)n
definition:
situated in the west, or directed towards or facing the west.|living in or originating from the West, in particular Europe or the United States.


word: WESTERNIZE
russian_word: европеизировать
example: the agreement provided for the legal system to be westernized
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈwɛstənʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈwɛstənʌɪz
definition:
cause (a country, person, or system) to adopt or be influenced by the cultural, economic, or political systems of Europe and North America.


word: WESTERNIZING
russian_word: западничество
example: Catherine the Great continued Peter's westernizing policies
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɛstənʌɪzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɛstənʌɪzɪŋ
definition:
causing a country, person, or system to adopt or be influenced by the cultural, economic, or political systems of Europe and North America.


word: WET
russian_word: влажный
example: she followed, slipping on the wet rock|they thought the cadets were a bit wet
antonyms: dry
origin: Old English wǣt (adjective and noun), wǣtan (verb); related to water.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb|noun
phonetic: wɛt
phonetics_text: wɛt
definition:
covered or saturated with water or another liquid.|showing a lack of forcefulness or strength of character; feeble.|(of a country or region or of its legislation) allowing the free sale of alcoholic drink.

synonyms:
damp|dampened|moist|moistened|soaked|drenched|saturated|wet through|sopping/dripping/wringing wet|sopping|dripping|soggy|waterlogged|squelchy|marshy|boggy|swampy|miry|claggy


word: WET BLANKET
russian_word: зануда
example: don't be a wet blanket
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a person who spoils other people's fun by failing to join in with or by disapproving of their activities.


word: WETNESS
russian_word: влажность
antonyms: dryness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛtnəs
phonetics_text: ˈwɛtnəs
example:
the pale brown of the rock was blotched with wetness|a profession which regards loyalty as weakness and decency as wetness

definition:
the state or condition of being covered or saturated with water or another liquid; dampness.|a lack of forcefulness or strength of character; feebleness.

synonyms:
moisture|moistness|dampness|damp|condensation|steam|vapour|humidity|mugginess|clamminess|dankness|sogginess|wateriness|wet|water|liquid


word: WETSUIT
russian_word: гидрокостюм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛtsuːt
phonetics_text: ˈwɛtsuːt
definition:
a close-fitting rubber garment typically covering the entire body, worn for warmth in water sports or diving.


word: WET
russian_word: влажный
example: he wetted a finger and flicked through the pages
definition: cover or touch with liquid; moisten.
antonyms: dry
origin: Old English wǣt (adjective and noun), wǣtan (verb); related to water.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: wɛt
phonetics_text: wɛt
synonyms:
dampen|damp|moisten|humidify|sprinkle|spray|splash|soak|saturate|waterlog|flood|deluge|douse|souse|drench|hose down|water|irrigate|ret|drouk|sop


word: WHACK
russian_word: удар
example: his attacker whacked him on the head
definition: strike forcefully with a sharp blow.
origin: early 18th century: imitative, or perhaps an alteration of thwack.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wak
phonetics_text: wak
synonyms:
hit|beat|strike|punch|knock|rap|smack|slap|thump|thwack|crack|cudgel|thrash|bang|drub|welt|cuff|buffet|pummel|box someone's ears|bash|clobber|clout|clip|wallop|belt|tan|biff|bop|lay into|pitch into|lace into|let someone have it|sock|lam|whomp|stick one on|slosh|boff|bust|slug|light into|whale|dong|quilt|smite|swinge


word: WHACKER
russian_word: наглая ложь
example: don't humour this guy, he's a whacker
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwakə
phonetics_text: ˈwakə
definition:
a person or thing that strikes something forcefully.|a person who is stupid or annoying (used as a general term of abuse).

origin:
early 19th century (in sense ‘a heavy blow’): from whack + -er1. Sense 2 is a back formation from wacky.


word: WHACKING
russian_word: бить
example: she poured us two whacking drinks
definition: very large.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwakɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwakɪŋ
synonyms:
huge|massive|enormous|gigantic|very big|very large|great|giant|colossal|mammoth|vast|immense|tremendous|mighty|stupendous|monumental|epic|prodigious|mountainous|monstrous|titanic|towering|elephantine|king-sized|king-size|gargantuan|Herculean|Brobdingnagian|substantial|extensive|hefty|bulky|weighty|heavy|gross|mega|monster|whopping|whopping great|thumping|thumping great|humongous|jumbo|hulking|bumper|astronomical|astronomic|whacking great|ginormous


word: WHALE
russian_word: кит
synonyms: cetacean|leviathan
origin: Old English hwæl, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: weɪl
phonetics_text: weɪl
definition:
a very large marine mammal with a streamlined hairless body, a horizontal tail fin, and a blowhole on top of the head for breathing.


word: WHALEBONE
russian_word: китовый ус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪlbəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈweɪlbəʊn
definition:
an elastic horny substance which grows in a series of thin parallel plates in the upper jaw of some whales and is used by them to strain plankton from the seawater.


word: WHALER
russian_word: китобойное судно
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈweɪlə
phonetics_text: ˈweɪlə
definition:
a whaling ship.|any of a number of large slender-bodied sharks.|a tramp, especially one who follows the course of a river.


word: WHAMMY
russian_word: сглаз
example: the third whammy was the degradation of the financial system|I've come to put the whammy on them
definition: an event with a powerful and unpleasant effect; a blow.|an evil or unlucky influence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwami
phonetics_text: ˈwami
origin:
1940s: from the noun wham + -y1; associated from the 1950s with the cartoon strip Li'l Abner, in which the hillbilly Evil-Eye Fleegle could ‘shoot a whammy’ (to put a curse on somebody) by pointing a finger with one eye open, and a ‘double whammy’ with both eyes open.


word: WHANG
russian_word: ударять
example: the cheerleader whanged on a tambourine
definition: make or produce a loud noise.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: waŋ
phonetics_text: waŋ
origin:
late 17th century (in the sense ‘strike as if with a thong’): variant of thong; senses describing noise are imitative.


word: WHARF
russian_word: причал
definition: a level quayside area to which a ship may be moored to load and unload.
origin: late Old English hwearf, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɔːf
phonetics_text: wɔːf
synonyms:
quay|pier|dock|berth|landing stage|landing place|landing|jetty|harbour|dockyard|yard|marina|waterfront


word: WHAT
russian_word: что
example: what is your name?|what we need is a commitment|what some people do for a crust!
part_of_speech: pronoun|determiner|adverb
phonetic: wɒt
phonetics_text: wɒt
definition:
asking for information specifying something.|the thing or things that (used in specifying something).|(in exclamations) emphasizing something surprising or remarkable.

origin:
Old English hwæt, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wat and German was, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin quod .


word: WHATNOT
russian_word: всякая всячина
example: little flashing digital displays, electric zooms and whatnots
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɒtnɒt
phonetics_text: ˈwɒtnɒt
definition:
used to refer to an item or items that are not identified but are felt to have something in common with items already named.|a stand with shelves for small objects.


word: WHEAT
russian_word: пшеница
origin: Old English hwǣte of Germanic origin; related to Dutch weit, German Weizen, also to white.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wiːt
phonetics_text: wiːt
definition:
a cereal which is the most important kind grown in temperate countries, the grain of which is ground to make flour for bread, pasta, pastry, etc.


word: WHEATEAR
russian_word: каменка-попутчик
origin: late 16th century: apparently from white (assimilated to wheat) + arse (assimilated to ear2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːtɪə
phonetics_text: ˈwiːtɪə
definition:
a mainly Eurasian and African songbird related to the chats, with black and buff or black and white plumage and a white rump.


word: WHEATGRASS
russian_word: пырей
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːtɡrɑːs
phonetics_text: ˈwiːtɡrɑːs
definition:
any of various creeping grasses, especially couch grass.|the young shoots of the wheat plant Triticum aestivum, preparations of which are credited with various health-giving properties.


word: WHEEDLE
russian_word: подольщаться
example: she wheedled her way on to the guest list
definition: use flattery or coaxing in order to persuade someone to do something or give one something.
origin: mid 17th century: perhaps from German wedeln ‘cringe, fawn’, from Wedel ‘tail, fan’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈwiːd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwiːd(ə)l
synonyms:
coax|cajole|inveigle|lure|induce|blarney|entice|charm|tempt|beguile|flatter|persuade|influence|sway|win someone over|bring someone round|prod|talk|convince|make|get|press|prevail on|get round|argue|reason|urge|pressure|pressurize|bring pressure to bear on|coerce|sweet-talk|soft-soap|twist someone's arm|smooth-talk|butter someone up


word: WHEEL
russian_word: колесо
example: a chair on wheels|she's got wheels now|a small wheel of Brie
synonyms: disc|hoop|ring|circle
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wiːl
phonetics_text: wiːl
definition:
a circular object that revolves on an axle and is fixed below a vehicle or other object to enable it to move easily over the ground.|a machine or structure having a wheel as its essential part.|a car.|a thing resembling a wheel, in particular a cheese made in the form of a shallow disc.|an instance of wheeling; a turn or rotation.|short for big wheel (sense 2).|a set of short lines, typically five in number and rhyming, concluding the stanza of a poem.

origin:
Old English hwēol (noun), of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Sanskrit cakra ‘wheel, circle’ and Greek kuklos ‘circle’.


word: WHEELBARROW
russian_word: тачка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːlbarəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈwiːlbarəʊ
definition:
a small cart with a single wheel at the front and two supporting legs and two handles at the rear, used typically for carrying loads in building work or gardening.


word: WHEELCHAIR
russian_word: инвалидное кресло
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːltʃɛː
phonetics_text: ˈwiːltʃɛː
definition:
a chair fitted with wheels for use as a means of transport by a person who is unable to walk as a result of illness, injury, or disability.


word: WHEELER
russian_word: Уилер
example: a huge sixteen-wheeler truck
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːlə
phonetics_text: ˈwiːlə
definition:
a vehicle having a specified number of wheels.|a wheelwright.|a horse harnessed next to the wheels of a cart and behind a leading horse.


word: WHEELHOUSE
russian_word: рулевая рубка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːlhaʊs
phonetics_text: ˈwiːlhaʊs
example:
as the campaign swings to the south, that should be right in his wheelhouse|Oakland's closer Street left a fastball in Bonds' wheelhouse with two outs

definition:
a part of a boat or ship serving as a shelter for the person at the wheel.|one's area of interest or expertise.|the part of a batter's strike zone most likely to produce a home run.|a stone-built circular house with inner partition walls radiating like the spokes of a wheel, found in western and northern Scotland and dating chiefly from about 100 BC to AD 100.


word: WHEELIE
russian_word: мусорная
example: a boy cavorted around on a dirt bike doing wheelies
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwiːli
phonetics_text: ˈwiːli
definition:
a trick or manoeuvre whereby a bicycle or motorcycle is ridden for a short distance with the front wheel raised off the ground.


word: WHEEZE
russian_word: хрип
example: the illness often leaves her wheezing
synonyms: breathe audibly/noisily|gasp|whistle|hiss|rasp|croak|pant|cough
origin: late Middle English: probably from Old Norse hvæsa ‘to hiss’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wiːz
phonetics_text: wiːz
definition:
breathe with a whistling or rattling sound in the chest, as a result of obstruction in the air passages.


word: WHELK
russian_word: прыщ
definition: a predatory marine mollusc with a heavy pointed spiral shell, some kinds of which are edible.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɛlk
phonetics_text: wɛlk
origin:
Old English wioloc, weoloc, of unknown origin; the spelling with wh- was perhaps influenced by whelk2.


word: WHELP
russian_word: щенок
example: too high and mighty to call her ‘Mam’—isn't that so, whelp?
origin: Old English hwelp (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch welp and German Welf .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɛlp
phonetics_text: wɛlp
definition:
a puppy.|a boy or young man (often as a disparaging form of address).|a set of projections on the barrel of a capstan or windlass.


word: WHENCE
russian_word: откуда
example: whence does Parliament derive this power?
definition: from what place or source.
part_of_speech: adverb|adverb
phonetic: wɛns
phonetics_text: wɛns
origin:
Middle English whennes, from earlier whenne (from Old English hwanon, of Germanic origin) + -s3 (later respelled -ce to denote the unvoiced sound).


word: WHEREWITHAL
russian_word: необходимые средства
example: they lacked the wherewithal to pay
definition: the money or other means needed for a particular purpose.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɛːwɪðɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈwɛːwɪðɔːl
synonyms:
money|ready money|cash|capital|finance(s)|resources|funds|reserves|means|ability|capability|dough|bread|loot|shekels|moolah|the necessary|wad|boodle|dibs|gelt|ducats|rhino|gravy|scratch|stuff|oof|dosh|brass|lolly|spondulicks|wonga|ackers|the ready|readies|dinero|greenbacks|simoleons|bucks|jack|mazuma|Oscar|splosh|green|tin|l.s.d.|kale|rocks|shinplasters|pelf


word: WHET
russian_word: точить
example: she took out her dagger and began to whet its blade in even, rhythmic strokes
definition: sharpen the blade of (a tool or weapon).
antonyms: blunt
synonyms: sharpen|hone|put an edge on|strop|grind|file|edge|acuminate
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɛt
phonetics_text: wɛt
origin:
Old English hwettan, of Germanic origin; related to German wetzen, based on an adjective meaning ‘sharp’.


word: WHETHER OR NO
russian_word: во всяком случае
definition: whether or not.|in any case.
example:
the only issue arising would be whether or no the publication was defamatory|God help us, whether or no!


word: WHIFF
russian_word: дуновение
example: I caught a whiff of eau de cologne|whiffs of smoke emerged from the boiler
synonyms: faint smell|brief smell|trace|sniff|scent|odour|aroma
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɪf
phonetics_text: wɪf
definition:
a smell that is only smelt briefly or faintly.|a puff or breath of air or smoke.|(chiefly in baseball or golf) an unsuccessful attempt to hit the ball.

origin:
late 16th century (originally in the senses ‘gust of wind’ and ‘inhalation of tobacco smoke’, also, as a verb, ‘blow with a slight gust’): imitative.


word: WHIG
russian_word: виг
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɪɡ
phonetics_text: wɪɡ
definition:
a member of the British reforming and constitutional party that sought the supremacy of Parliament and was eventually succeeded in the 19th century by the Liberal Party.|a supporter of the American side during the War of American Independence.|a 17th-century Scottish Presbyterian.|denoting a historian who interprets history as the continuing and inevitable victory of progress over reaction.

origin:
mid 17th century (in Whig (sense 3)): probably a shortening of Scots whiggamore, the nickname of 17th-century Scottish rebels, from whig ‘to drive’ + mare1.


word: WHILE
russian_word: в то время как
example: we chatted for a while|he starts to draw, talking the while
definition: a period of time.|at the same time; meanwhile.
part_of_speech: noun|conjunction|adverb|verb|preposition
phonetic: wʌɪl
phonetics_text: wʌɪl
synonyms:
time|spell|stretch|stint|span|season|interval|period|period of time|length of time|duration|run|phase|stage|term|patch

origin:
Old English hwīl  ‘period of time’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch wijl, German Weile ; the conjunction is an abbreviation of Old English thā hwīle the ‘the while that’.


word: WHILST
russian_word: в то время как
definition: during the time that; at the same time as.|whereas (indicating a contrast).
origin: late Middle English: from whiles + -t as in against.
part_of_speech: conjunction|adverb
phonetic: wʌɪlst
phonetics_text: wʌɪlst
example:
Michael runs the island co-operative whilst Mary runs the pub|some employers have a relaxed dress code, whilst others insist on formal attire


word: WHIM
russian_word: каприз
example: she bought it on a whim
origin: late 17th century: of unknown origin. whim (sense 2) (mid 18th century) is a transferred use.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: wɪm
phonetics_text: wɪm
definition:
a sudden desire or change of mind, especially one that is unusual or unexplained.|a windlass for raising ore or water from a mine.

synonyms:
impulse|urge|notion|fancy|whimsy|foible|idea|caprice|conceit|vagary|kink|megrim|crotchet|craze|fad|passion|inclination|bent|freak|maggot|humour|whim-wham|capriciousness|volatility|fickleness|idiosyncrasy|eccentricity|unpredictability


word: WHIMBREL
russian_word: средний кроншнеп
origin: mid 16th century: from whimper or synonymous dialect whimp (imitative of the bird's call) + -rel.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪmbr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwɪmbr(ə)l
definition:
a small migratory curlew of northern Eurasia and northern Canada, with a striped crown and a trilling call.


word: WHIMSICAL
russian_word: причудливый
example: a whimsical sense of humour|the whimsical arbitrariness of autocracy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈwɪmzɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈwɪmzɪk(ə)l
definition:
playfully quaint or fanciful, especially in an appealing and amusing way.|acting or behaving in a capricious manner.

synonyms:
fanciful|playful|mischievous|waggish|quaint|fantastic|unusual|curious|droll|eccentric|quirky|offbeat|idiosyncratic|unconventional|outlandish|peculiar|queer|bizarre|weird|odd|freakish|freaky|dotty


word: WHIMSY
russian_word: прихоть
definition: playfully quaint or fanciful behaviour or humour.|a whim.
origin: early 17th century (in the sense ‘caprice’): probably based on whim-wham.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪmzi
phonetics_text: ˈwɪmzi
example:
the film is an awkward blend of whimsy and moralizing|a clean slate on which to enter information in the form that suits your whimsy


word: WHINE
russian_word: скулить
example: the dog gave a small whine
definition: a long, high-pitched complaining cry.
synonyms: whimper|wail|cry|mewl|groan|moan|howl|yowl
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wʌɪn
phonetics_text: wʌɪn
origin:
Old English hwīnan  ‘whistle through the air’, related to whinge. The noun dates from the mid 17th century.


word: WHINGE
russian_word: хныкать
example: stop whingeing and get on with it!
definition: complain persistently and in a peevish or irritating way.
origin: late Old English hwinsian, of Germanic origin; related to German winseln ; compare with whine.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: wɪn(d)ʒ
synonyms:
complain|grouse|grouch|grumble|whine|moan|carp|mutter|murmur|whisper|mither|twine|gripe|bellyache|bitch|beef


word: WHIP
russian_word: кнут
example: a grass whip|I just got new wheels for my whip
synonyms: lash|scourge|thong|strap|belt|crop|switch|birch|cane|cat-o'-nine-tails|cat|knout
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: wɪp
phonetics_text: wɪp
definition:
a strip of leather or length of cord fastened to a handle, used for flogging or beating a person or for urging on an animal.|an official of a political party appointed to maintain parliamentary discipline among its members, especially so as to ensure attendance and voting in debates.|a dessert consisting of cream or eggs beaten into a light fluffy mass with fruit, chocolate, or other ingredients.|short for whipper-in.|a slender, unbranched shoot or plant.|a scythe for cutting specified crops.|a rope-and-pulley hoisting apparatus.|a car.

origin:
Middle English: probably from Middle Low German and Middle Dutch wippen ‘swing, leap, dance’, from a Germanic base meaning ‘move quickly’. The noun is partly from the verb, reinforced by Middle Low German wippe ‘quick movement’.


word: WHIPCORD
russian_word: бечевка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪpkɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈwɪpkɔːd
definition:
thin, tough, tightly twisted cord used for making the flexible end part of whips.|a closely woven ribbed worsted fabric, used for making garments such as jodhpurs.


word: WHIPLASH
russian_word: бечева плети
example: suffering from whiplash, he spent weeks with his neck in a collar
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈwɪplaʃ
phonetics_text: ˈwɪplaʃ
definition:
the flexible part of a whip or something resembling it.|injury caused by a severe jerk to the head, typically in a car accident.


word: WHIPPET
russian_word: гончая
origin: early 17th century: partly from obsolete whippet ‘move briskly’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪpɪt
phonetics_text: ˈwɪpɪt
definition:
a dog of a small, slender breed originally produced as a cross between the greyhound and the terrier or spaniel, bred for racing.


word: WHIPPING
russian_word: побои
example: she saw scars on his back from the whippings
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪpɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈwɪpɪŋ
definition:
a thrashing or beating with a whip or similar implement.|cord or twine used to bind or cover a rope.

synonyms:
lashing|flogging|scourging|flagellation|switching|birching|strapping|belting|caning|thrashing|tanning|hiding|beating|leathering|the lash|the scourge|the birch|the switch|the cane


word: WHIP UP
russian_word: взбивать
example:
Dad had managed to whip himself up into a fantastic rage|we tried hard to whip up interest in the products|he whipped up some salad dressing in the kitchen

definition:
deliberately excite or provoke someone.|stimulate a particular feeling in someone.|make or prepare something, typically food, very quickly.


word: WHIPWORM
russian_word: власоглав
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪpwəːm
phonetics_text: ˈwɪpwəːm
definition:
a parasitic nematode worm with a stout posterior and slender anterior part, especially one that infests the intestines of domestic animals.


word: WHIR
russian_word: шум
example: the ceiling fans whirred in the smoky air
definition: (of something rapidly rotating or moving to and fro) make a low, continuous, regular sound.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wəː
phonetics_text: wəː
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘move with a whirring sound’): probably of Scandinavian origin; compare with whirl.


word: WHIRL
russian_word: вихрь
example: leaves whirled in eddies of wind
definition: move or cause to move rapidly round and round.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wəːl
phonetics_text: wəːl
synonyms:
rotate|turn|turn round|go round|revolve|circle|wheel|orbit|pivot|swivel|gyrate|spin|roll|twirl|pirouette|birl

origin:
Middle English: the verb probably from Old Norse hvirfla ‘turn about’; the noun partly from Middle Low German, Middle Dutch wervel ‘spindle’, or from Old Norse hvirfill ‘circle’, from a Germanic base meaning ‘rotate’.


word: WHIRLIGIG
russian_word: юла
origin: late Middle English: from whirl + obsolete gig ‘whipping top’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwəːlɪɡɪɡ
phonetics_text: ˈwəːlɪɡɪɡ
definition:
a toy that spins round, for example a top or windmill.|a small black predatory beetle which swims rapidly in circles on the surface of still or slow-moving water and dives when alarmed.


word: WHIRLPOOL
russian_word: джакузи
synonyms: eddy|vortex|maelstrom|swirl|whirl|suckhole|Charybdis
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwəːlpuːl
phonetics_text: ˈwəːlpuːl
definition:
a quickly rotating mass of water in a river or sea into which objects may be drawn, typically caused by the meeting of conflicting currents.|a heated pool in which hot aerated water is continuously circulated.


word: WHIRLWIND
russian_word: вихрь
definition: a column of air moving rapidly round and round in a cylindrical or funnel shape.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwəːlwɪnd
phonetics_text: ˈwəːlwɪnd
synonyms:
tornado|hurricane|typhoon|cyclone|tropical storm|tropical cyclone|vortex|dust devil|waterspout|twister|willy-willy


word: WHISK
russian_word: метелка
example: he whisked her off to Paris for a few days
origin: late Middle English: of Scandinavian origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: wɪsk
phonetics_text: wɪsk
definition:
take or move (someone or something) somewhere suddenly and quickly.|beat or stir (a substance, especially cream or eggs) with a light, rapid movement.

synonyms:
speed|hurry|rush|catapult|sweep|hurtle|shoot|pull|snatch|pluck|tug|jerk|take|remove|whip|yank|dash|tear|dart|hasten|scurry|scuttle|scamper|sprint|race|run|hare|bolt|bound|fly|gallop|career|charge|pound|streak|whizz|zoom|go like lightning|go hell for leather|go like the wind|flash|double|pelt|scoot|hotfoot it|belt|zip|go like a bat out of hell|go like the clappers|bomb|bucket|leg it|wheech|boogie|hightail it|barrel|get the lead out|cut along|post|hie


word: WHISKER
russian_word: бакенбарды
example: they won the election by a whisker
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪskə
phonetics_text: ˈwɪskə
definition:
a long projecting hair or bristle growing from the face or snout of many mammals.|a very small amount.|a single crystal of a material in the form of a filament with no dislocations.

origin:
late Middle English (originally denoting a bundle of feathers, twigs, etc., used for whisking): from the verb whisk + -er1.


word: WHISKY
russian_word: виски
example: a bottle of whisky
synonyms: the water of life|usquebaugh|usque|screigh|screech|red-eye
origin: early 18th century: abbreviation of obsolete whiskybae, variant of usquebaugh.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈwɪski
phonetics_text: ˈwɪski
definition:
a spirit distilled from malted grain, especially barley or rye.|a code word representing the letter W, used in radio communication.


word: WHISPER
russian_word: шепот
example: Alison was whispering in his ear
definition: speak very softly using one's breath rather than one's throat, especially for the sake of secrecy.
antonyms: shout
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈwɪspə
phonetics_text: ˈwɪspə
synonyms:
murmur|mutter|mumble|speak/say softly|speak/say in muted tones|speak/say in hushed tones|speak/say sotto voce|breathe|purr|say under one's breath

origin:
Old English hwisprian, of Germanic origin; related to German wispeln, from the imitative base of whistle.


