# Dictionary_data_final

word: IDEALISM
russian_word: идеализм
example: the idealism of youth
antonyms: realism|cynicism|defeatism
synonyms: utopianism|wishful thinking|romanticism|fantasizing|quixotism|daydreaming|impracticability
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɪəlɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɪəlɪz(ə)m|ʌɪˈdiːəlɪz(ə)m
definition:
the unrealistic belief in or pursuit of perfection.|any of various systems of thought in which the objects of knowledge are held to be in some way dependent on the activity of mind.

origin:
late 18th century (in idealism (sense 2)): from French idéalisme or German Idealismus, from late Latin idealis (see ideal).


word: IDEALIST
russian_word: идеалист
antonyms: realist|cynic|defeatist
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɪəlɪst
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɪəlɪst
example:
they were idealists and visionaries, in love with the work they had undertaken|Hegel described himself as an absolute idealist

definition:
a person who is guided more by ideals than by practical considerations.|a person who believes in the theory of idealism.

synonyms:
utopian|visionary|wishful thinker|pipe-dreamer|fantasist|fantasizer|romantic|romanticist|romancer|castle-builder|Walter Mitty|Don Quixote|dreamer|daydreamer|impractical person|unrealistic person|fantast|reverist


word: IDEALIZE
russian_word: идеализировать
example: we idealize the life of a student
definition: regard or represent as perfect or better than in reality.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ʌɪˈdiːəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdiːəlʌɪz
synonyms:
romanticize|romance|be unrealistic about|paint a rosy picture of|glamorize|idolize|apotheosize|deify


word: IDEALLY
russian_word: идеально
definition: preferably; in an ideal world.|in the best possible way; perfectly.
antonyms: in practice|in reality
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɪəl(l)i
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɪəl(l)i|ʌɪˈdiːəl(l)i
example:
ideally, you should exercise for 30 minutes every day|her experience makes her ideally suited to the job

synonyms:
in a perfect world|in a utopia|preferably|if possible|for preference|by preference|from choice|by choice|as a matter of choice|much rather|rather|all things being equal|theoretically|hypothetically|in theory|in principle|on paper|en principe


word: IDEATE
russian_word: вызывать в воображении
example: he is part of a team that ideates branding strategies
definition: form an idea of; imagine or conceive.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈʌɪdɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪdɪeɪt
origin:
late 17th century: from medieval Latin ideat- ‘formed as an idea’, from the verb ideare, from Latin idea (see idea).


word: IDEMPOTENT
russian_word: идемпотент
origin: late 19th century: from Latin idem ‘same’ + potent1.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌʌɪdɛmˈpəʊt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌʌɪdɛmˈpəʊt(ə)nt|ʌɪˈdɛmpət(ə)nt
definition:
denoting an element of a set which is unchanged in value when multiplied or otherwise operated on by itself.


word: IDENTICAL
russian_word: идентичный
example: four girls in identical green outfits|an identical proposition
definition: similar in every detail; exactly alike.|expressing an identity.
antonyms: different|unlike
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɛntɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɛntɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
similar|alike|(exactly) the same|indistinguishable|uniform|twin|interchangeable|undifferentiated|homogeneous|of a piece|cut from the same cloth|corresponding|correspondent|commensurate|equivalent|matching|like|parallel|analogous|comparable|cognate|equal|like (two) peas in a pod|much of a muchness

origin:
late 16th century (in identical (sense 2)): from medieval Latin identicus, from late Latin identitas (see identity).


word: IDENTIFIABLE
russian_word: опознаваемый
example: there are no easily identifiable features on the shoreline
definition: able to be recognized; distinguishable.
antonyms: unrecognizable|inconspicuous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ʌɪdɛntɪˈfʌɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ʌɪdɛntɪˈfʌɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
distinguishable|recognizable|known|noticeable|perceptible|discernible|appreciable|detectable|observable|perceivable|visible|notable|measurable|distinct|marked|conspicuous|unmistakable|clear|apparent|evident|sensible


word: IDENTIFICATION
russian_word: идентификация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ʌɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
each child was tagged with a number for identification|children's identification with story characters|the lesser value attributed to humility is often due to the mistaken identification of humility with lowness

definition:
the action or process of identifying someone or something or the fact of being identified.|a person's sense of identity with someone or something.|the association or linking of one thing with another.

synonyms:
recognition|singling out|picking out|spotting|pointing out|pinpointing|naming|placing|discerning|distinguishing|discovery|finding|location|fingering

origin:
mid 17th century: originally from medieval Latin identificat- ‘identified’, from the verb identificare ; later from identify.


word: IDENTIFIER
russian_word: идентификатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɛntɪfʌɪə
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɛntɪfʌɪə
example:
the new NHS number is to be known as the ‘unique patient identifier’|the identifier of one's neighbour with oneself

definition:
a person or thing that identifies someone or something.|a person who identifies with something or someone.


word: IDENTIFY
russian_word: идентифицировать
antonyms: distinguish
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɛntɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɛntɪfʌɪ
example:
the judge ordered that the girl should not be identified|he was equivocal about being identified too closely with the peace movement

definition:
establish or indicate who or what (someone or something) is.|associate someone or something closely with; regard as having strong links with.

synonyms:
recognize|single out|pick out|spot|point out|pinpoint|pin down|put one's finger on|put a name to|name|place|know|know again|know by sight|discern|distinguish|discover|find|locate|remember|recall|recollect|call to mind|put the finger on|finger

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘treat as being identical with’): from medieval Latin identificare, from late Latin identitas (see identity) + Latin -ficare (from facere ‘make’).


word: IDENTIKIT
russian_word: фоторобот
example: police have compiled an identikit of the suspect
origin: 1950s: blend of identity and kit1.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɛntɪkɪt
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɛntɪkɪt
definition:
a picture of a person, especially one sought by the police, reconstructed from typical facial features according to witnesses' descriptions.


word: IDENTITY
russian_word: идентичность
antonyms: mismatch
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɛntɪti
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɛntɪti
example:
he knows the identity of the bombers|an identity between the company's own interests and those of the local community

definition:
the fact of being who or what a person or thing is.|a close similarity or affinity.|a transformation that leaves an object unchanged.|the equality of two expressions for all values of the quantities expressed by letters, or an equation expressing this, e.g. ( x + 1)2 = x 2 + 2 x + 1.

synonyms:
name|specification|identification|recognition|naming|singling out|picking out|pinpointing|placing|discerning|distinguishing|fingering

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘quality of being identical’): from late Latin identitas, from Latin idem ‘same’.


word: IDENTITY CARD
russian_word: удостоверение личности
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a card carrying the holder's photograph, name, date of birth, and other personal details, serving as official proof of their identity.


word: IDEOGRAM
russian_word: идеограмма
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek idea ‘form’ + -gram1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪdɪə(ʊ)ɡram
phonetics_text: ˈɪdɪə(ʊ)ɡram|ˈʌɪdɪə(ʊ)ɡram
definition:
a character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. Examples include numerals and Chinese characters.


word: IDEOLOGICAL
russian_word: идеологический
example: the ideological struggle that underpinned the cold war
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌʌɪdɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌʌɪdɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
definition:
based on or relating to a system of ideas and ideals, especially concerning economic or political theory and policy.


word: IDEOLOGUE
russian_word: идеолог
definition: an adherent of an ideology, especially one who is uncompromising and dogmatic.
origin: early 19th century: from French idéologue ; see also ideology.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪdɪəlɒɡ
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪdɪəlɒɡ|ˈɪdɪəlɒɡ
example:
he doesn't consider himself a political ideologue, preferring to arrive at conclusions pragmatically


word: IDEOLOGY
russian_word: идеология
example: the ideology of democracy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌʌɪdɪˈɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌʌɪdɪˈɒlədʒi
definition:
a system of ideas and ideals, especially one which forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.|the science of ideas; the study of their origin and nature.

synonyms:
beliefs|ideas|ideals|principles|doctrine|creed|credo|teaching|dogma|theory|thesis|tenets|canon(s)|conviction(s)|persuasion|opinions|position|ethics|morals

origin:
late 18th century (in ideology (sense 2)): from French idéologie, from Greek idea ‘form, pattern’ + -logos (denoting discourse or compilation).


word: IDES
russian_word: иды
origin: late Old English: from Old French, from Latin idus (plural), of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪdz
phonetics_text: ʌɪdz
definition:
(in the ancient Roman calendar) a day falling roughly in the middle of each month (the 15th day of March, May, July, and October, and the 13th of other months) from which other dates were calculated.


word: IDIOCY
russian_word: идиотизм
example: the idiocy of decimating yew forests
definition: extremely stupid behaviour.
antonyms: sense
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪdɪəsi
phonetics_text: ˈɪdɪəsi
synonyms:
stupidity|folly|foolishness|foolhardiness|madness|insanity|lunacy|silliness|brainlessness|thoughtlessness|senselessness|lack of sense|indiscretion|irresponsibility|injudiciousness|imprudence|rashness|recklessness|ineptitude|inaneness|inanity|irrationality|illogicality|absurdity|nonsense|ludicrousness|ridiculousness|fatuousness|fatuity|asininity|pointlessness|meaninglessness|futility|fruitlessness|craziness|daftness

origin:
early 16th century (originally denoting low intelligence): from idiot, probably on the pattern of pairs such as lunatic, lunacy .


word: IDIOGRAPHIC
russian_word: идиографические
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈɡrafɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈɡrafɪk
definition:
relating to the study or discovery of particular scientific facts and processes, as distinct from general laws.


word: IDIOM
russian_word: идиома
example: they were both working in a neo-impressionist idiom
synonyms: expression|idiomatic expression|turn of phrase|set phrase|fixed expression|phrase|locution
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪdɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈɪdɪəm
definition:
a group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words (e.g. over the moon, see the light ).|a characteristic mode of expression in music or art.

origin:
late 16th century: from French idiome, or via late Latin from Greek idiōma ‘private property, peculiar phraseology’, from idiousthai ‘make one's own’, from idios ‘own, private’.


word: IDIOMATIC
russian_word: идиоматический
example: he spoke fluent, idiomatic English|a short Bach piece containing lots of idiomatic motifs
antonyms: unidiomatic
synonyms: natural|native-speaker|grammatical|correct|vernacular|colloquial|everyday|conversational
origin: early 18th century: from Greek idiōmatikos ‘peculiar, characteristic’, from idiōma (see idiom).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪdɪəˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɪdɪəˈmatɪk
definition:
using, containing, or denoting expressions that are natural to a native speaker.|appropriate to the style of art or music associated with a particular period, individual, or group.


word: IDIOPATHIC
russian_word: идиопатический
example: idiopathic epilepsy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈpaθɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈpaθɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting any disease or condition which arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown.


word: IDIOPATHY
russian_word: идиопатия
definition: a disease or condition which arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪdɪˈɒpəθi
phonetics_text: ˌɪdɪˈɒpəθi
origin:
late 17th century: from modern Latin idiopathia, from Greek idiopatheia, from idios ‘own, private’ + -patheia ‘suffering’.


word: IDIOSYNCRASY
russian_word: идиосинкразия
example: one of his little idiosyncrasies was always preferring to be in the car first
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈsɪŋkrəsi
phonetics_text: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)ˈsɪŋkrəsi
definition:
a mode of behaviour or way of thought peculiar to an individual.|an abnormal physical reaction by an individual to a food or drug.

origin:
early 17th century (originally in the sense ‘physical constitution peculiar to an individual’): from Greek idiosunkrasia, from idios ‘own, private’ + sun ‘with’ + krasis ‘mixture’.


word: IDIOSYNCRATIC
russian_word: идиосинкразический
example: she emerged as one of the great, idiosyncratic talents of the nineties
definition: relating to idiosyncrasy; peculiar or individual.
origin: late 18th century: from idiosyncrasy, on the pattern of Greek sunkratikos ‘mixed together’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)sɪŋˈkratɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɪdɪə(ʊ)sɪŋˈkratɪk
synonyms:
distinctive|individual|characteristic|distinct|distinguishing|peculiar|individualistic|different|typical|special|specific|representative|unique|personal|private|essential|eccentric|unconventional|uncommon|abnormal|irregular|aberrant|anomalous|odd|off-centre|quirky|queer|strange|weird|bizarre|outlandish|freakish|extraordinary|singular


word: IDIOT
russian_word: идиот
definition: a stupid person.
antonyms: genius
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪdɪət
phonetics_text: ˈɪdɪət
synonyms:
fool|halfwit|nincompoop|dunce|dolt|ignoramus|cretin|imbecile|dullard|moron|simpleton|clod|dope|ninny|chump|dimwit|nitwit|goon|dumbo|dummy|dum-dum|dumb-bell|loon|jackass|bonehead|fathead|numbskull|blockhead|dunderhead|chucklehead|knucklehead|muttonhead|pudding-head|thickhead|wooden-head|airhead|pinhead|lamebrain|pea-brain|birdbrain|zombie|jerk|nerd|dipstick|donkey|noodle|nit|twit|numpty|ass|clot|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|git|wazzock|divvy|nerk|twerp|twonk|charlie|mug|muppet|nyaff|balloon|sumph|gowk|gobdaw|schmuck|bozo|boob|lamer|turkey|schlepper|chowderhead|dumbhead|dumbass|goofball|goof|goofus|galoot|dork|lummox|klutz|putz|schlemiel|sap|gink|cluck|clunk|ding-dong|dingbat|wiener|weeny|dip|simp|spud|coot|palooka|poop|squarehead|yo-yo|dingleberry|wing nut|drongo|dill|alec|galah|nong|bogan|poon|boofhead|mompara|tomfool|noddy|clodpole|loggerhead|spoony|mooncalf|knobhead|asshat

origin:
Middle English (denoting a person of low intelligence): via Old French from Latin idiota ‘ignorant person’, from Greek idiōtēs ‘private person, layman, ignorant person’, from idios ‘own, private’.


word: IDIOTIC
russian_word: идиотский
example: I was able to hum its idiotic theme tune
definition: very stupid.
antonyms: sensible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪdɪˈɒtɪk
phonetics_text: ɪdɪˈɒtɪk
synonyms:
stupid|silly|foolish|half-witted|witless|brainless|mindless|thoughtless|imprudent|incautious|irresponsible|injudicious|indiscreet|unwise|unintelligent|unreasonable|ill-advised|ill-considered|impolitic|rash|reckless|foolhardy|absurd|senseless|pointless|nonsensical|inane|fatuous|ridiculous|laughable|risible|derisible|dumb|dim|dim-witted|dopey|damfool|half-baked|hare-brained|crackbrained|pea-brained|wooden-headed|thickheaded|nutty|mad|crazy|dippy|cuckoo|screwy|wacky|barmy|daft|dotty|batty|gormless|glaikit|dumb-ass|chowderheaded|dotish


word: IDLE
russian_word: холостой
example: idle students|he did not want to waste valuable time in idle chatter
definition: (of a person) avoiding work; lazy.|without purpose or effect; pointless.
antonyms: industrious
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: ˈʌɪd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪd(ə)l
synonyms:
lazy|indolent|slothful|work-shy|shiftless|loafing|inactive|inert|sluggish|lethargic|languorous|listless|torpid|remiss|negligent|slack|lax|lackadaisical|impassive|good-for-nothing|do-nothing|leisurely|bone idle|fainéant|otiose

origin:
Old English īdel  ‘empty, useless’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ijdel ‘vain, frivolous, useless’ and German eitel ‘bare, worthless’.


word: IDLENESS
russian_word: безделье
example: he was punished for his idleness at school
definition: laziness; indolence.
antonyms: industry|activity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪdlnəs
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪdlnəs
synonyms:
laziness|indolence|slothfulness|sloth|shiftlessness|inertia|sluggishness|lethargy|languor|torpidity|torpor|remissness|negligence|slackness|laxity|fainéance|otiosity|hebetude|inactivity|inaction|dormancy|unemployment|rest|repose


word: IDLER
russian_word: бездельник
antonyms: workaholic|swot
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪdlə
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪdlə
definition:
a person who avoids work or spends time in an aimless or lazy way.|a pulley that transmits no power but guides or stretches a belt or rope.

synonyms:
loafer|layabout|good-for-nothing|ne'er-do-well|do-nothing|lounger|shirker|sluggard|slugabed|slug|laggard|malingerer|waster|slacker|cyberslacker|slob|lazybones|slowcoach|skiver|slowpoke|wastrel|fainéant


word: IDOCRASE
russian_word: везувиан
origin: early 19th century: from Greek eidos ‘form’ + krasis ‘mixture’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪdə(ʊ)kreɪz
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪdə(ʊ)kreɪz|ˈʌɪdə(ʊ)kreɪs
definition:
a mineral consisting of a silicate of calcium, magnesium, and aluminium, occurring typically as dark-green to brown prisms in metamorphosed limestone.


word: IDOL
russian_word: идол
definition: an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪd(ə)l
synonyms:
icon|god|image|likeness|fetish|totem|statue|figure|figurine|doll|carving|graven image|false god|effigy|golden calf

origin:
Middle English: from Old French idole, from Latin idolum ‘image, form’ (used in ecclesiastical Latin in the sense ‘idol’), from Greek eidōlon, from eidos ‘form, shape’.


word: IDOLATER
russian_word: идолопоклонник
definition: a person who worships an idol or idols.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɒlətə
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɒlətə
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French idolatre, based on Greek eidōlolatrēs, from eidōlon (see idol) + -latrēs ‘worshipper’.


word: IDOLATROUS
russian_word: идолопоклоннический
example: idolatrous religions
definition: relating to or practising idolatry; idol-worshipping.
antonyms: vilifying
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɒlətrəs
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɒlətrəs
synonyms:
idol-worshipping|icon-worshipping|fetishistic|pagan|heathen|heretical|infidel|sacrilegious|idolizing|adulatory|adoring|reverential|glorifying|uncritical|lionizing|worshipping|worshipful|hero-worshipping


word: IDOLATRY
russian_word: идолопоклонство
definition: the worship of idols.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪˈdɒlətri
phonetics_text: ʌɪˈdɒlətri
synonyms:
idol worship|idolatrism|fetishism|iconolatry|icon worship|paganism|heathenism|heresy|sacrilege|ungodliness

origin:
Middle English: from Old French idolatrie, based on Greek eidōlolatreia, from eidōlon (see idol) + -latreia ‘worship’.


word: IDOLIZE
russian_word: боготворить
example: he idolized his mother
definition: admire, revere, or love greatly or excessively.
antonyms: vilify
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈʌɪd(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪd(ə)lʌɪz
synonyms:
hero-worship|worship|revere|venerate|deify|lionize|adulate|adore|stand in awe of|reverence|look up to|admire|exalt|love|dote upon|put on a pedestal


word: IDYLL
russian_word: идиллия
example: the rural idyll remains strongly evocative in most industrialized societies
antonyms: hell on earth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪdɪl
phonetics_text: ˈɪdɪl
definition:
an extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque period or situation, typically an idealized or unsustainable one.

synonyms:
perfect time|ideal time|wonderful time|moment of bliss|honeymoon|paradise|heaven|heaven on earth|utopia|fairyland|Garden of Eden|Shangri-La|Arcadia|Arcady|Erewhon

origin:
late 16th century (in the Latin form): from Latin idyllium, from Greek eidullion, diminutive of eidos ‘form, picture’.


word: IDYLLIC
russian_word: идиллический
example: an attractive hotel in an idyllic setting
definition: like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.
antonyms: hellish
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈdɪlɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈdɪlɪk
synonyms:
perfect|ideal|idealized|wonderful|blissful|halcyon|happy|heavenly|paradisal|utopian|Elysian|peaceful|picturesque|pastoral|rural|rustic|bucolic|unspoiled|Arcadian|sylvan


word: IF
russian_word: если
antonyms: unless
origin: Old English gif, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch of and German ob .
part_of_speech: conjunction|noun
phonetic: ɪf
phonetics_text: ɪf
example:
if you have a complaint, write to the director|if it takes me seven years, I shall do it|he asked if we would like some coffee|if I could just use the phone, I'll get a taxi|that's a jolly long walk, if you don't mind my saying so|well, if it isn't Frank!|the new leaders have little if any control

definition:
(introducing a conditional clause) on the condition or supposition that; in the event that.|despite the possibility that; no matter whether.|(often used in indirect questions) whether.|expressing a polite request.|expressing an opinion.|expressing surprise or regret.|(with implied reservation) and perhaps not.

synonyms:
on condition that|provided (that)|providing (that)|presuming (that)|supposing (that)|assuming (that)|on the assumption that|allowing (that)|as long as|given that|with/on the understanding that|if and only if|contingent on|in the event that|allowing that


word: IGNIMBRITE
russian_word: игнимбритов
origin: 1930s: from Latin ignis ‘fire’ + imber, imbr- ‘shower of rain, storm cloud’ + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪɡnɪmbrʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪɡnɪmbrʌɪt
definition:
a volcanic rock consisting essentially of pumice fragments, formed by the consolidation of material deposited by pyroclastic flows.


word: IGNITE
russian_word: воспламеняться
example: furniture can give off lethal fumes when it ignites
definition: catch fire or cause to catch fire.
antonyms: go out|extinguish
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈnʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈnʌɪt
synonyms:
catch fire|catch|burst into flames|be set off|erupt|explode|burn up|burn|flame up|kindle|light|set fire to|set on fire|set alight|set burning|fire|inflame|touch off|set/put a match to

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘make intensely hot’): from Latin ignire ‘set on fire’, from ignis ‘fire’.


word: IGNITION
russian_word: зажигание
example: three minutes after ignition, the flames were still growing
definition: the action of setting something on fire or starting to burn.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 17th century (denoting the heating of a substance to the point of combustion or chemical change): from medieval Latin ignitio(n- ), from the verb ignire ‘set on fire’ (see ignite).


word: IGNOBLE
russian_word: подлый
example: ignoble feelings of intense jealousy
definition: not honourable in character or purpose.|of humble origin or social status.
antonyms: noble
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪɡˈnəʊb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈnəʊb(ə)l
synonyms:
dishonourable|unworthy|base|shameful|contemptible|despicable|shabby|abject|low|sordid|degraded|corrupt|mean|wrong|improper|unprincipled|unchivalrous|uncharitable|discreditable|blameworthy|reprehensible

origin:
late Middle English (in ignoble (sense 2)): from French, or from Latin ignobilis, from in- ‘not’ + gnobilis, older form of nobilis ‘noble’.


word: IGNOMINIOUS
russian_word: постыдный
example: no other party risked ignominious defeat
definition: deserving or causing public disgrace or shame.
antonyms: glorious
origin: late Middle English: from French ignominieux, or Latin ignominiosus, from ignominia (see ignominy).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪɡnəˈmɪnɪəs
phonetics_text: ˌɪɡnəˈmɪnɪəs
synonyms:
humiliating|undignified|embarrassing|mortifying|shameful|disgraceful|dishonourable|discreditable|ignoble|inglorious|abject|sorry|wretched|miserable|pitiful|humiliatory


word: IGNOMINY
russian_word: позор
example: the ignominy of being imprisoned
definition: public shame or disgrace.
antonyms: honour
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪɡnəmɪni
phonetics_text: ˈɪɡnəmɪni
synonyms:
shame|humiliation|embarrassment|mortification|disgrace|dishonour|stigma|disrepute|discredit|degradation|abasement|opprobrium|obloquy|scandal|infamy|indignity|ignobility|loss of face

origin:
mid 16th century: from French ignominie or Latin ignominia, from in- ‘not’ + a variant of nomen ‘name’.


word: IGNORAMUS
russian_word: невежда
example: assume that your examiner is an ignoramus and explain everything to him
definition: an ignorant or stupid person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪɡnəˈreɪməs
phonetics_text: ˌɪɡnəˈreɪməs
synonyms:
fool|idiot|halfwit|nincompoop|blockhead|buffoon|dunce|dolt|cretin|imbecile|dullard|moron|simpleton|clod|dope|ninny|chump|dimwit|nitwit|goon|dumbo|dummy|dum-dum|dumb-bell|loon|jackass|bonehead|fathead|numbskull|dunderhead|chucklehead|knucklehead|muttonhead|pudding-head|thickhead|wooden-head|airhead|pinhead|lamebrain|pea-brain|birdbrain|zombie|jerk|nerd|dipstick|donkey|noodle|nit|numpty|twit|clot|ass|goat|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|git|wazzock|divvy|nerk|twerp|charlie|mug|muppet|nyaff|balloon|sumph|gowk|gobdaw|schmuck|bozo|boob|lamer|turkey|schlepper|chowderhead|dumbhead|dumbass|goofball|goof|goofus|galoot|dork|lummox|klutz|putz|schlemiel|sap|meatball|gink|cluck|clunk|ding-dong|dingbat|wiener|weeny|dip|simp|spud|coot|palooka|poop|squarehead|yo-yo|dingleberry|wing nut|drongo|dill|alec|galah|nong|bogan|poon|boofhead|mompara|tomfool|noddy|clodpole|loggerhead|spoony|mooncalf|knobhead|asshat

origin:
late 16th century (as the endorsement made by a grand jury on an indictment considered backed by insufficient evidence to bring before a petty jury): Latin, literally ‘we do not know’ (in legal use ‘we take no notice of it’), from ignorare (see ignore). The modern sense may derive from the name of a character in George Ruggle's Ignoramus (1615), a satirical comedy exposing lawyers' ignorance.


word: IGNORANCE
russian_word: невежество
example: he acted in ignorance of basic procedures
definition: lack of knowledge or information.
antonyms: knowledge|education
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin ignorantia, from ignorant- ‘not knowing’ (see ignorant).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪɡn(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪɡn(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
incomprehension|unawareness|unconsciousness|inexperience|innocence|unfamiliarity with|lack of enlightenment about|lack of knowledge about|lack of information about|cluelessness|nescience|lack of knowledge|lack of education|unenlightenment|benightedness|lack of intelligence|unintelligence|stupidity|foolishness|idiocy|denseness|brainlessness|mindlessness|slow-wittedness|thickness|dimness|dumbness|dopiness|doziness


word: IGNORANT
russian_word: невежественный
antonyms: educated|knowledgeable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪɡn(ə)r(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪɡn(ə)r(ə)nt
example:
he was told constantly that he was ignorant and stupid|this ignorant, pin-brained receptionist|they could be very ignorant and he had no intention of getting involved in an argument just now

definition:
lacking knowledge or awareness in general; uneducated or unsophisticated.|discourteous or rude.|angry or quick-tempered.

synonyms:
uneducated|unknowledgeable|untaught|unschooled|untutored|untrained|illiterate|unlettered|unlearned|unread|uninformed|unenlightened|unscholarly|unqualified|benighted|backward|inexperienced|unworldly|unsophisticated|unintelligent|stupid|simple|empty-headed|mindless|pig-ignorant|thick|airheaded|dense|dumb|dim|dopey|wet behind the ears|slow on the uptake|dead from the neck up|a brick short of a load|dozy|divvy|daft|not the full shilling|(as) thick as two short planks|glaikit|chowderheaded|dumb-ass|dotish|dof|hebete

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin ignorant- ‘not knowing’, from the verb ignorare (see ignore).


word: IGNORE
russian_word: игнорировать
example: he ignored her outraged question
definition: refuse to take notice of or acknowledge; disregard intentionally.
antonyms: pay attention to|acknowledge|obey
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈnɔː
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈnɔː
synonyms:
disregard|take no notice of|pay no attention to|pay no heed to|pass over|shut one's eyes to|be oblivious to|turn a blind eye to|turn a deaf ear to|brush aside|shrug off|push aside|never mind|look the other way|snub|slight|spurn|shun|disdain|look right through|look past|turn one's back on|give someone the cold shoulder|cold-shoulder|freeze out|steer clear of|send to Coventry|give someone the brush-off|cut|cut dead|knock back|give someone the go-by|blank|set aside|take no account of|veto|break|contravene|fail to comply with|fail to observe|disobey|breach|defy|flout|fly in the face of|omit|leave out|bypass|overlook|neglect|exclude|skip

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘be ignorant of’): from French ignorer or Latin ignorare ‘not know, ignore’, from in- ‘not’ + gno-, a base meaning ‘know’. Current senses date from the early 19th century.


word: IGUANA
russian_word: игуана
origin: mid 16th century: from Spanish, from Arawak iwana .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈɡwɑːnə
phonetics_text: ɪˈɡwɑːnə
definition:
a large arboreal tropical American lizard with a spiny crest along the back and greenish coloration.


word: IGUANODON
russian_word: игуанодона
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈɡwɑːnədɒn
phonetics_text: ɪˈɡwɑːnədɒn
definition:
a large partly bipedal herbivorous dinosaur of the early to mid Cretaceous period, with a broad stiff tail and the thumb developed into a spike.

origin:
modern Latin, from iguana + Greek odous, odont- ‘tooth’ (because its teeth resemble those of the iguana).


word: IKAT
russian_word: икат
example: ikat weaving
origin: 1930s: Malay, literally ‘fasten, tie’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːkat
phonetics_text: ˈiːkat|ɪˈkat
definition:
fabric made using an Indonesian decorative technique in which warp or weft threads, or both, are tie-dyed before weaving.


word: ILEOSTOMY
russian_word: илеостомия
origin: late 19th century: from ileum + Greek stoma ‘mouth’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪlɪˈɒstəmi
phonetics_text: ˌɪlɪˈɒstəmi
definition:
a surgical operation in which a damaged part is removed from the ileum and the cut end diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall.


word: ILIACUS
russian_word: повздошная мышца
origin: early 17th century: from late Latin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlʌɪəkəs
phonetics_text: ɪˈlʌɪəkəs
definition:
a triangular muscle which passes from the pelvis through the groin on either side and, together with the psoas, flexes the hip.


word: ILIUM
russian_word: подвздошная кость
definition: the large broad bone forming the upper part of each half of the pelvis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪlɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈɪlɪəm
origin:
late Middle English (originally in the Greek form ilion, and denoting the ileum): from Latin, singular of ilia ‘flanks, entrails’. Current senses date from the late 16th century.


word: ILK
russian_word: род
example: the veiled suggestions that reporters of his ilk seem to be so good at
definition: a type of person or thing similar to one already referred to.
origin: Old English ilca ‘same’, of Germanic origin; related to alike.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪlk
phonetics_text: ɪlk
synonyms:
type|sort|class|category|group|set|bracket|genre|kidney|grain|species|race|strain|vintage|make|model|brand|stamp|variety|family


word: ILL
russian_word: плохо
example: he was taken ill with food poisoning|ill judgement dogs the unsuccessful
definition: suffering from an illness or disease or feeling unwell.|poor in quality.
antonyms: well|healthy
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ɪl
phonetics_text: ɪl
synonyms:
unwell|sick|not (very) well|ailing|poorly|sickly|peaky|afflicted|indisposed|infirm|liverish|out of sorts|not oneself|not in good shape|not up to par|under/below par|bad|in a bad way|bedridden|invalided|on the sick list|valetudinarian|queasy|nauseous|nauseated|weak|feeble|frail|diseased|infected|off colour|under the weather|not up to snuff|laid up|funny|peculiar|iffy|crummy|lousy|rough|groggy|green around the gills|at death's door|like death warmed up|ropy|grotty|dicky|wabbit|crook|queer|seedy|crappy

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘wicked’, ‘malevolent’, ‘harmful’, and ‘difficult’): from Old Norse illr ‘evil, difficult’, of unknown origin.


word: ILL AT EASE
russian_word: сконфуженный
definition: uncomfortable or embarrassed.
antonyms: at ease|comfortable
phonetic: ˌɪl ət ˈiːz
phonetics_text: ˌɪl ət ˈiːz
synonyms:
awkward|uneasy|uncomfortable|self-conscious|out of place|unnatural|inhibited|gauche|strained|embarrassed|shy|bashful|blushing|retiring|shrinking|unsure|uncertain|unsettled|hesitant|faltering|restless|restive|fidgety|unrelaxed|disquieted|disturbed|discomfited|troubled|worried|anxious|on edge|edgy|nervous|tense|on tenterhooks|apprehensive|distrustful|nervy|fazed|discombobulated|twitchy|on pins and needles|jittery|antsy|unquiet


word: ILLATION
russian_word: вывод
definition: the action of inferring or drawing a conclusion.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin illatio(n- ), from illat- ‘brought in’, from the verb inferre (see infer).


word: ILLATIVE
russian_word: выражающий заключение
origin: late 16th century: from Latin illativus, from illat- ‘brought in’ (see illation).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈleɪtɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈleɪtɪv
definition:
of the nature of or stating an inference.|relating to or denoting a case of nouns in some languages used to express motion into something.


word: ILL-BRED
russian_word: дурно воспитанный
example: this officer was so ill-bred that he could not distinguish between claret and burgundy
definition: badly brought up or rude.
antonyms: well bred|genteel
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪlˈbrɛd
phonetics_text: ˌɪlˈbrɛd
synonyms:
ill-mannered|bad-mannered|rude|unmannerly|impolite|discourteous|uncivil|boorish|churlish|loutish|vulgar|common|coarse|crass|gross|uncouth|crude|unpolished|uncivilized|ungentlemanly|unladylike|unsophisticated|unrefined|ungallant|indelicate|indecorous|unseemly|yobbish|ignorant|plebby|cloddish|common as muck


word: ILL-DISPOSED
russian_word: недружелюбный
example: this fact was ignored by ill-disposed critics
definition: unfriendly or unsympathetic.
antonyms: well disposed|friendly
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
hostile|antagonistic|unfriendly|unsympathetic|antipathetic|inimical|unfavourable|opposing|opposed|averse|contrary|at odds|anti|down on


word: ILLEGAL
russian_word: незаконный
example: illegal drugs
definition: contrary to or forbidden by law, especially criminal law.
antonyms: legal|lawful|legitimate
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈliːɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈliːɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
unlawful|illicit|illegitimate|against the law|criminal|lawbreaking|actionable|felonious|unlicensed|unauthorized|unsanctioned|unwarranted|unofficial|outlawed|banned|forbidden|barred|prohibited|interdicted|proscribed|not allowed|not permitted|contraband|black-market|under the counter|bootleg|malfeasant|verboten|crooked|shady|bent|dodgy|non licet|foul|against the rules|unfair|unsporting|unsportsmanlike|below the belt|dirty|dishonourable|dishonest|underhand|cheating

origin:
early 17th century: from French illégal or medieval Latin illegalis, from Latin in- ‘not’ + legalis ‘according to the law’.


word: ILLEGIBLE
russian_word: неразборчивый
example: his handwriting is totally illegible
definition: not clear enough to be read.
antonyms: legible|clear
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlɛdʒɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛdʒɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unreadable|indecipherable|unintelligible|hard to read|scrawled|scribbled|squiggly|crabbed|hieroglyphic|obscure|clear as mud


word: ILLEGITIMACY
russian_word: незаконность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪməsi
phonetics_text: ɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪməsi
example:
she talks with anger about the illegitimacy of the election|the citizens refuse to believe Buckingham's stories about the princes' illegitimacy

definition:
the state of not being in accordance with accepted standards or rules; lack of authorization by the law.|the state of being born to parents not lawfully married to each other.


word: ILLEGITIMATE
russian_word: незаконнорожденный
example: defending workers against illegitimate managerial practices
antonyms: legitimate|lawful
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət
phonetics_text: ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət
definition:
not authorized by the law; not in accordance with accepted standards or rules.|(of a child) born of parents not lawfully married to each other.

synonyms:
illegal|unlawful|illicit|against the law|criminal|lawbreaking|actionable|felonious|unlicensed|unauthorized|unsanctioned|unwarranted|unofficial|banned|forbidden|barred|prohibited|outlawed|interdicted|proscribed|not allowed|not permitted|against the rules|contraband|black-market|under the counter|bootleg|fraudulent|corrupt|dishonest|dishonourable|verboten|malfeasant|crooked|shady|bent|dodgy

origin:
mid 16th century: from late Latin illegitimus (from in- ‘not’ + legitimus ‘lawful’), suggested by legitimate.


word: ILL-FATED
russian_word: злополучный
example: an ill-fated expedition
definition: destined to fail or have bad luck.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪlˈfeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˌɪlˈfeɪtɪd
synonyms:
doomed|blighted|condemned|damned|cursed|ill-starred|ill-omened|jinxed|unlucky|luckless|unfortunate|hapless|unhappy|star-crossed


word: ILL-HUMOURED
russian_word: в дурном настроении
example: a querulous and ill-humoured little man
definition: bad-tempered; irritable.
antonyms: good-humoured|amiable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪlˈhjuːməd
phonetics_text: ˌɪlˈhjuːməd
synonyms:
bad-tempered|ill-tempered|short-tempered|hot-tempered|quick-tempered|in a (bad) mood|cross|irritable|irascible|tetchy|testy|crotchety|touchy|thin-skinned|scratchy|cantankerous|curmudgeonly|peevish|fractious|waspish|prickly|peppery|pettish|shrewish|grumpy|grouchy|crabbed|crabby|disagreeable|volatile|splenetic|dyspeptic|choleric|bilious|liverish|cross-grained|as cross as two sticks|snappish|snappy|chippy|on a short fuse|short-fused|shirty|stroppy|narky|ratty|eggy|like a bear with a sore head|cranky|ornery|peckish|soreheaded|snaky|waxy|miffy


word: ILLIBERAL
russian_word: ограниченный
antonyms: liberal
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlɪb(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪb(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
opposed to liberal principles; restricting freedom of thought or behaviour.|uncultured or unrefined.|not generous; mean.

synonyms:
intolerant|narrow-minded|unenlightened|puritanical|fundamentalist|reactionary|alt-right|conservative|hidebound|undemocratic|anti-democratic|authoritarian|strict|repressive|totalitarian|despotic|tyrannical|draconian|oppressive|fascist

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘vulgar, ill-bred’): from French illibéral, from Latin illiberalis ‘mean, sordid’, from in- ‘not’ + liberalis (see liberal).


word: ILLICIT
russian_word: незаконный
example: illicit drugs
definition: forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
antonyms: licit|legal|above board
origin: early 16th century: from French, or from Latin illicitus, from in- ‘not’ + licitus (see licit).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlɪsɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪsɪt
synonyms:
illegal|unlawful|illegitimate|against the law|outlawed|banned|forbidden|prohibited|interdicted|proscribed|not allowed|not permitted|criminal|lawbreaking|actionable|felonious|unlicensed|unauthorized|unsanctioned|unwarranted|unofficial|contraband|black-market|under the counter|bootleg|malfeasant|verboten|non licet|taboo|ruled out|impermissible|not acceptable|unacceptable|against the rules|secret|clandestine|furtive|sly|haram|tapu


word: ILLIMITABLE
russian_word: беспредельный
example: the illimitable human capacity for evil
definition: without limits or an end.
antonyms: limited
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlɪmɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪmɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
limitless|unlimited|without limits|unbounded|endless|unending|never-ending|without end|infinite|immeasurable|inestimable


word: ILLITE
russian_word: иллит
origin: 1930s: from Illinois + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪlʌɪt
definition:
a clay mineral of a group resembling micas, with a lattice structure which does not expand on absorption of water.


word: ILLITERACY
russian_word: неграмотность
example: the ineffective educational system meant that illiteracy was widespread
definition: the inability to read or write.
antonyms: literacy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɪt(ə)rəsi
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪt(ə)rəsi
synonyms:
illiterateness|inability to read or write|ignorance|unawareness|inexperience|unenlightenment|benightedness|lack of knowledge|lack of education|cluelessness|nescience


word: ILL-JUDGED
russian_word: непредусмотрительный
example: an ill-judged decision
definition: lacking careful consideration; unwise.
antonyms: judicious|well thought out
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
ill-considered|ill-thought-out|ill-conceived|unwise|imprudent|incautious|injudicious|misguided|ill-advised|impolitic|inexpedient|foolhardy|foolish|rash|hasty|overhasty|short-sighted|thoughtless|unthinking|careless|reckless|spur of the moment


word: ILLNESS
russian_word: болезнь
example: he died after a long illness
definition: a disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind.
antonyms: good health
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪlnəs
phonetics_text: ˈɪlnəs
synonyms:
sickness|disease|ailment|disorder|complaint|malady|affliction|attack|infection|contagion|disability|indisposition|ill health|poor health|infirmity|valetudinarianism|bug|virus|lurgy|wog


word: ILLOCUTION
russian_word: иллокуция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪləˈkjuːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɪləˈkjuːʃ(ə)n
definition:
an act of speaking or writing which in itself effects or constitutes the intended action, e.g. ordering, warning, or promising.


word: ILLOGICAL
russian_word: нелогичный
example: an illogical fear of the supernatural
definition: lacking sense or clear, sound reasoning.
antonyms: logical
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
irrational|unreasonable|unsound|unreasoned|unfounded|groundless|unjustifiable|unjustified|incorrect|erroneous|wrong|invalid|spurious|faulty|flawed|fallacious|unscientific|inconsistent|unproved|specious|sophistic|casuistic|absurd|preposterous|untenable|implausible|impossible|beyond belief|senseless|meaningless|nonsensical|insane|ridiculous|idiotic|stupid|foolish|silly|inane|imbecilic|crazy|off beam|way out|full of holes|daft|barmy|backasswards


word: ILL-STARRED
russian_word: невезучий
example: an ill-starred expedition
definition: destined to fail or have many difficulties; unlucky.
antonyms: destined for success|blessed
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
ill-fated|doomed|blighted|ill-omened|foredoomed|infelicitous|unlucky|unfortunate|hapless|luckless|bedevilled|damned|inauspicious|unpropitious|unpromising|ominous|jinxed|star-crossed


word: ILL-TEMPERED
russian_word: брюзгливый
definition: irritable or grumpy.
antonyms: good-tempered|amiable
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
bad-tempered|short-tempered|hot-tempered|quick-tempered|ill-humoured|moody|in a (bad) mood|cross|annoyed|irritable|irascible|tetchy|testy|crotchety|touchy|crusty|thin-skinned|scratchy|cantankerous|curmudgeonly|peevish|fractious|waspish|shrewish|prickly|peppery|sharp|pettish|grumpy|grouchy|crabbed|crabby|disagreeable|volatile|splenetic|dyspeptic|choleric|bilious|liverish|cross-grained|as cross as two sticks|snappish|snappy|chippy|on a short fuse|short-fused|shirty|stroppy|narky|ratty|eggy|like a bear with a sore head|cranky|ornery|peckish|soreheaded|snaky|waxy|miffy


word: ILL-TREAT
russian_word: плохо обращаться
example: her mother had ill-treated her when she was young
definition: act cruelly towards (a person or animal).
antonyms: pamper
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌɪlˈtriːt
phonetics_text: ˌɪlˈtriːt
synonyms:
abuse|mistreat|maltreat|treat badly|ill-use|misuse|victimize|manhandle|handle roughly|mishandle|maul|molest|harm|injure|damage|knock about|knock around


word: ILLUMINATE
russian_word: освещать
antonyms: darken
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈl(j)uːmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈl(j)uːmɪneɪt
example:
a flash of lightning illuminated the house|placing the events of the 1930s in a broader historical context helps to illuminate their significance|this is a carefully written, large-format manuscript illuminated by Leonardo Bellini

definition:
make (something) visible or bright by shining light on it; light up.|help to clarify or explain.|decorate (a page or letter in a manuscript) by hand with gold, silver, or coloured designs.

synonyms:
light|light up|throw light on|cast light upon|brighten|make brighter|shine on|flood with light|floodlight|irradiate|illumine

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin illuminat- ‘illuminated’, from the verb illuminare, from in- ‘upon’ + lumen, lumin- ‘light’.


word: ILLUMINATED
russian_word: освещенный
example: a large illuminated sign|an important collection of medieval illuminated manuscripts
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈluːmɪneɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪˈluːmɪneɪtɪd
definition:
lit with bright lights.|(of a manuscript) having pages or letters decorated by hand with gold, silver, or coloured designs.


word: ILLUMINATI
russian_word: интеллектуалы
example: some mysterious standard known only to the illuminati of the organization
definition: people claiming to possess special enlightenment or knowledge of something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌl(j)uːmɪˈnɑːti
phonetics_text: ɪˌl(j)uːmɪˈnɑːti
origin:
late 16th century: plural of Italian illuminato or Latin illuminatus ‘enlightened’, past participle of illuminare (see illuminate).


word: ILLUMINATION
russian_word: освещение
definition: lighting or light.|the art of illuminating a manuscript.|clarification.
antonyms: darkness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌl(j)uːmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌl(j)uːmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
example:
higher levels of illumination are needed for reading|these books form the most sustained analysis and illumination of the subject

synonyms:
light|lighting|radiance|gleam|glitter|brilliance|glow|glare|dazzle|flash|shimmer|shining|gleaming|glowing|irradiation|luminescence|incandescence|fluorescence|phosphorescence|illumining|irradiance|lucency|lambency|effulgence|refulgence|coruscation|fulguration

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from late Latin illuminatio(n- ), from the verb illuminare (see illuminate).


word: ILLUSION
russian_word: иллюзия
example: stripes embellish the surface to create the illusion of various wood-grain textures
definition: an instance of a wrong or misinterpreted perception of a sensory experience.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈluːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈluːʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
mirage|hallucination|apparition|phantasm|phantom|vision|spectre|fantasy|figment of the imagination|will-o'-the-wisp|trick of the light|ignis fatuus

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘deceiving, deception’): via Old French from Latin illusio(n- ), from illudere ‘to mock’, from in- ‘against’ + ludere ‘play’.


word: ILLUSIONISM
russian_word: иллюзионизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈluːʒ(ə)nɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪˈluːʒ(ə)nɪz(ə)m
definition:
the principle or technique by which artistic representations are made to resemble real objects or to give an appearance of space by the use of perspective.


word: ILLUSIVE
russian_word: иллюзорный
example: an illusive haven
definition: deceptive; illusory.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈluːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈluːsɪv
origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin illusivus, from Latin illus- ‘mocked’, from the verb illudere (see illusion).


word: ILLUSORY
russian_word: иллюзорный
example: she knew the safety of her room was illusory
definition: based on illusion; not real.
antonyms: real|genuine
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈluːs(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪˈluːs(ə)ri
synonyms:
delusory|delusional|delusive|illusionary|imagined|imaginary|fancied|non-existent|unreal|hallucinatory|sham|hollow|deceptive|deceiving|false|fallacious|fake|bogus|mistaken|erroneous|misleading|misguided|untrue|specious|fanciful|notional|chimerical|illusive|Barmecide


word: ILLUSTRATE
russian_word: иллюстрировать
definition: provide (a book, newspaper, etc.) with pictures.|serve as an example of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪləstreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪləstreɪt
example:
the guide is illustrated with full-colour photographs|the World Cup illustrated what high standards our players must achieve

synonyms:
decorate|adorn|ornament|embellish|accompany|provide artwork for|with illustrations|with pictures|with drawings|with sketches|pictorial|decorated|adorned|ornamented|embellished

origin:
early 16th century (in the sense ‘illuminate, shed light on’): from Latin illustrat- ‘lit up’, from the verb illustrare, from in- ‘upon’ + lustrare ‘illuminate’.


word: ILLUSTRATION
russian_word: иллюстрация
example: an illustration of a yacht|by way of illustration, I refer to the following case
definition: a picture illustrating a book, newspaper, etc.|the action or fact of illustrating something.
antonyms: text
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪləˈstreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪləˈstreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
picture|drawing|sketch|figure|graphic|plate|print|engraving|etching|cut|woodcut|linocut|photogravure|duotone|halftone

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘illumination; spiritual or intellectual enlightenment’): via Old French from Latin illustratio(n- ), from the verb illustrare (see illustrate).


word: ILLUSTRATIVE
russian_word: иллюстративный
example: this timetable is provided for illustrative purposes only|the illustrative arts
definition: serving as an example or explanation.|relating to pictorial illustration.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪləstrətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈɪləstrətɪv|ɪˈlʌstrətɪv
synonyms:
exemplifying|explanatory|explaining|elucidatory|elucidative|explicative|expository|interpretative|illuminative|exegetic|evincive


word: ILLUSTRIOUS
russian_word: прославленный
example: his illustrious predecessor
definition: well known, respected, and admired for past achievements.
antonyms: unknown|obscure
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin illustris ‘clear, bright’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlʌstrɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪˈlʌstrɪəs
synonyms:
eminent|distinguished|acclaimed|noted|notable|noteworthy|prominent|pre-eminent|foremost|leading|paramount|prestigious|important|significant|influential|lionized|renowned|famous|famed|well known|celebrated|esteemed|honoured|respected|exalted|venerable|august|highly regarded|well thought of|of distinction|of repute|of high standing|splendid|brilliant|remarkable|outstanding|great|noble|glorious|grand|lofty


word: ILL WILL
russian_word: враждебность
example: he didn't bear his estranged wife any ill will
definition: animosity or bitterness.
antonyms: goodwill
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
animosity|hostility|enmity|acrimony|animus|hatred|hate|loathing|detestation|antipathy|ill feeling|bad blood|antagonism|unfriendliness|unkindness|aversion|dislike|spite|spitefulness|rancour|resentment|hard feelings|bitterness|venom|poison|bile|vitriol|malice|malevolence|odium|disrelish


word: IMAGE
russian_word: изображение
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from Latin imago ; related to imitate.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɪmɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪdʒ
example:
her work juxtaposed images from serious and popular art|she strives to project an image of youth|he uses the image of a hole to describe emotional emptiness

definition:
a representation of the external form of a person or thing in art.|the general impression that a person, organization, or product presents to the public.|a simile or metaphor.

synonyms:
likeness|resemblance|depiction|portrayal|representation|statue|statuette|sculpture|bust|effigy|figure|figurine|doll|carving|painting|picture|portrait|drawing|sketch|artist's impression


word: IMAGERY
russian_word: образность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmɪdʒ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪdʒ(ə)ri
example:
Tennyson uses imagery to create a lyrical emotion|the impact of computer-generated imagery on contemporary art

definition:
visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.|visual images collectively.

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘statuary, carved images collectively’): from Old French imagerie, from imager ‘make an image’, from image (see image).


word: IMAGINABLE
russian_word: воображаемый
example: the most spectacular views imaginable
definition: possible to be thought of or believed.
antonyms: unimaginable|inconceivable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmadʒɪnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmadʒɪnəb(ə)l
synonyms:
thinkable|conceivable|supposable|believable|credible|creditable|comprehensible|possible|plausible|feasible|tenable|under the sun|cogitable

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin imaginabilis, from Latin imaginare ‘form an image of, represent’, from imago, imagin- ‘image’.


word: IMAGINARY
russian_word: мнимый
example: Chris had imaginary conversations with her
antonyms: real|actual
origin: late Middle English: from Latin imaginarius, from imago, imagin- ‘image’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmadʒɪn(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪˈmadʒɪn(ə)ri
definition:
existing only in the imagination.|(of a number or quantity) expressed in terms of the square root of a negative number (usually the square root of −1, represented by i or j ).

synonyms:
unreal|non-existent|fictional|fictitious|pretend|make-believe|mythical|mythological|legendary|storybook|fanciful|fantastic|made-up|dreamed-up|invented|concocted|fabricated|fancied|illusory|illusive|figmental|hallucinatory|phantasmal|phantasmic|dreamy|dreamlike|shadowy|unsubstantial|chimerical|ethereal|virtual|notional|hypothetical|theoretical|assumed|supposed|suppositious|visionary


word: IMAGINATION
russian_word: воображение
example: she'd never been blessed with a vivid imagination
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌmadʒɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌmadʒɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the faculty or action of forming new ideas, or images or concepts of external objects not present to the senses.

synonyms:
imaginative faculty|creative power|fancy|mind's eye|interest|fascination|attention|passion|curiosity|preoccupation

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin imaginatio(n- ), from the verb imaginari ‘picture to oneself’, from imago, imagin- ‘image’.


word: IMAGINATIVE
russian_word: образный
example: making imaginative use of computer software
definition: having or showing creativity or inventiveness.
antonyms: unimaginative|pedestrian
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmadʒɪnətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈmadʒɪnətɪv
synonyms:
creative|visionary|inspired|insightful|inventive|resourceful|ingenious|enterprising|original|innovative|innovatory|individual|unorthodox|unconventional|nonconformist|unusual|out of the ordinary|off-centre|fanciful|whimsical|blue-sky


word: IMAGINE
russian_word: вообразить
definition: form a mental image or concept of.|suppose or assume.
antonyms: doubt
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmadʒɪn
phonetics_text: ɪˈmadʒɪn
example:
she imagined him at his desk, his head in his hands|after Ned died, everyone imagined that Mabel would move away

synonyms:
visualize|envisage|envision|picture|form a picture of|see in the mind's eye|conjure up|conceptualize|dream about|fantasize about|dream up|think up|conceive|think of|plan|project|scheme

origin:
Middle English: from Old French imaginer, from Latin imaginare ‘form an image of, represent’ and imaginari ‘picture to oneself’, both from imago, imagin- ‘image’.


word: IMAGING
russian_word: томография
example: medical imaging
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ
definition:
the process of making a visual representation of something by scanning it with a detector or electromagnetic beam.


word: IMAGISM
russian_word: имажинизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmɪdʒɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪdʒɪz(ə)m
definition:
a movement in early 20th-century English and American poetry which sought clarity of expression through the use of precise images. The movement derived in part from the aesthetic philosophy of T. E. Hulme and involved Ezra Pound, James Joyce, Amy Lowell, and others.


word: IMAGO
russian_word: имаго
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈmeɪɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ɪˈmeɪɡəʊ
definition:
the final and fully developed adult stage of an insect, typically winged.|an unconscious idealized mental image of someone, especially a parent, which influences a person's behaviour.

origin:
late 18th century (in imago (sense 1)): modern Latin use of Latin imago ‘image’. imago (sense 2) dates from the early 20th century.


word: IMBALANCE
russian_word: дисбаланс
example: tension is generated by the imbalance of power
definition: lack of proportion or relation between corresponding things.
antonyms: balance|parity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbal(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbal(ə)ns
synonyms:
disparity|variance|unevenness|polarity|contrast|variation|disproportion|lopsidedness|misproportion|lack of harmony|lack of relation|gulf|breach|split|gap


word: IMBECILE
russian_word: слабоумный
definition: a stupid person.
antonyms: genius
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɪmbɪsiːl
phonetics_text: ˈɪmbɪsiːl
synonyms:
fool|idiot|cretin|moron|dolt|halfwit|dunce|dullard|simpleton|nincompoop|blockhead|ignoramus|clod|dope|thickhead|ninny|chump|dimwit|dummy|dum-dum|dumb-bell|jackass|bonehead|fathead|numbskull|dunderhead|airhead|pinhead|lamebrain|pea-brain|birdbrain|dipstick|donkey|noodle|nit|nitwit|twit|numpty|ass|clot|muppet|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|wazzock|divvy|bozo|turkey|goofus|dumbhead|dumbass|knobhead|asshat

origin:
mid 16th century (as an adjective in the sense ‘physically weak’): via French from Latin imbecillus, literally ‘without a supporting staff’, from in- (expressing negation) + baculum ‘stick, staff’. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.


word: IMBIBE
russian_word: впитывать
example: they were imbibing far too many pitchers of beer
definition: drink (alcohol).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbʌɪb
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbʌɪb
synonyms:
drink|consume|sup|sip|quaff|swallow|down|guzzle|gulp (down)|swill|lap|slurp|swig|knock back|sink|neck|chug|drink alcohol|take strong drink|indulge|tipple|booze|hit the bottle|take to the bottle|knock a few back|wet one's whistle|bevvy|bend one's elbow|wassail|tope

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘absorb or cause to absorb moisture’ and ‘take into solution’): from Latin imbibere, from in- ‘in’ + bibere ‘to drink’.


word: IMBRICATE
russian_word: класть внахлестку
definition: (of scales, sepals, plates, etc.) having adjacent edges overlapping.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘shaped like a pantile’): from Latin imbricat-, ‘covered with roof tiles’, from the verb imbricare, from imbrex, imbric- ‘roof tile’ (from imber ‘shower of rain’).


word: IMBROGLIO
russian_word: путаница
example: the abdication imbroglio of 1936
definition: an extremely confused, complicated, or embarrassing situation.
origin: mid 18th century: Italian, from imbrogliare ‘confuse’; related to embroil.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbrəʊlɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbrəʊlɪəʊ
synonyms:
complicated situation|complication|complexity|problem|difficulty|predicament|plight|trouble|entanglement|confusion|muddle|mess|quandary|dilemma|bind|jam|pickle|fix|scrape|corner|tight corner|hole|sticky situation|mare's nest|hot water|deep water


word: IMBUE
russian_word: внушить
example: his works are invariably imbued with a sense of calm and serenity
definition: inspire or permeate with (a feeling or quality).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbjuː
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbjuː
synonyms:
permeate|saturate|diffuse|suffuse|pervade|impregnate|inject|inculcate|instil|ingrain|inspire|inform|fill|charge|load

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘saturate’): from French imbu ‘moistened’, from Latin imbutus, past participle of imbuere ‘moisten’.


word: IMIDAZOLE
russian_word: имидазол
origin: late 19th century: from imide + azo- + -ole.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmɪˈdeɪzəʊl
phonetics_text: ˌɪmɪˈdeɪzəʊl|ɪˈmɪdəzəʊl
definition:
a colourless crystalline compound with mildly basic properties, present as a substituent in the amino acid histidine.


word: IMIDE
russian_word: имид
origin: mid 19th century: from French, arbitrary alteration of amide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈɪmʌɪd
definition:
an organic compound containing the group —CONHCO—, related to ammonia by replacement of two hydrogen atoms by acyl groups.


word: IMITATE
russian_word: подражать
example: his style was imitated by many other writers
definition: take or follow as a model.
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin imitat- ‘copied’, from the verb imitari ; related to imago ‘image’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪmɪteɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪteɪt
synonyms:
emulate|copy|take as a model|model oneself on|take as a pattern|pattern oneself on/after|follow the example of|take as an example|take as a role model|take after|follow|echo|parrot|follow suit|rip off


word: IMITATION
russian_word: имитация
example: a child learns to speak by imitation|an imitation sub-machine gun
synonyms: emulation|copying|following|echoing|parroting
origin: late Middle English: from Latin imitatio(n- ), from the verb imitari (see imitate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of using someone or something as a model.|a thing intended to simulate or copy something else.


word: IMITATIVE
russian_word: подражательный
example: the derring-do of our film heroes inspired us to imitative feats
synonyms: similar|like|mimicking|mimetic|mimic|parrot-like|copycat
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪmɪtətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪtətɪv
definition:
copying or following a model or example.|(of a word) reproducing a natural sound (e.g. fizz ) or pronounced in a way that is thought to correspond to the appearance or character of the object or action described (e.g. blob ).


word: IMITATOR
russian_word: имитатор
example: the show's success has sparked off many imitators
definition: someone who copies the behaviour or actions of another.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmɪteɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪteɪtə
synonyms:
copier|copyist|emulator|follower|mimic|plagiarist|ape|parrot|echo|copycat|epigone|impersonator|impressionist|mimicker|parodist|caricaturist|lampooner|lampoonist


word: IMMACULATE
russian_word: безупречный
example: an immaculate white suit
definition: perfectly clean, neat, or tidy.|uniformly coloured without spots or other marks.
antonyms: dirty|grubby|bad|damaged
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmakjʊlət
phonetics_text: ɪˈmakjʊlət
synonyms:
clean|spotless|pristine|unsoiled|unstained|unsullied|speckless|ultra-clean|whiter than white|snowy white|lily white|shining|shiny|gleaming|neat|tidy|neat and tidy|spick and span|neat as a new pin|squeaky clean|as clean as a whistle|perfect|mint|as good as new|flawless|faultless|without blemish|unblemished|unimpaired|unspoiled|undamaged|unmarred|excellent|impeccable|prime|peak|tip-top|A1

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘free from moral stain’): from Latin immaculatus, from in- ‘not’ + maculatus ‘stained’ (from macula ‘spot’).


word: IMMATERIAL
russian_word: нематериальный
example: the difference in our ages is immaterial|we have immaterial souls
definition: unimportant under the circumstances; irrelevant.|spiritual, rather than physical.
antonyms: important|significant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪməˈtɪərɪəl
phonetics_text: ɪməˈtɪərɪəl
synonyms:
irrelevant|unimportant|inconsequential|insignificant|of no matter/moment|of little account|beside the point|not to the point|neither here nor there|inapposite|not pertinent|not germane|trivial|trifling|petty|superficial|peripheral|tangential|extraneous

origin:
late Middle English (in immaterial (sense 2)): from late Latin immaterialis, from in- ‘not’ + materialis ‘relating to matter’.


word: IMMATURE
russian_word: незрелый
example: many of the fish caught are immature
definition: not fully developed.
antonyms: ripe|mature
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪməˈtjʊə
phonetics_text: ˌɪməˈtjʊə|ˌɪməˈtjɔː
synonyms:
unripe|not ripe|not mature|not matured|unmellowed|undeveloped|unformed|imperfect|unfinished|incomplete|crude|raw|green

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘premature’, referring to death): from Latin immaturus ‘untimely, unripe’, from in- ‘not’ + maturus ‘ripe’ (see mature).


word: IMMATURITY
russian_word: незрелость
example: the immaturity of the immune system in very young children makes them especially vulnerable
definition: the state of being immature or not fully grown.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪməˈtʃɔːrɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪməˈtʃɔːrɪti|ˌɪməˈtʃʊərɪti|ˌɪməˈtjɔːrɪti|ˌɪməˈtjʊərɪti
synonyms:
unripeness|greenness|sourness|newness|rawness|crudeness|crudity|imperfection|incompleteness|lack of completion|lack of development|childishness|babyishness|infantilism|juvenility|puerility|lack of experience|inexperience|unworldliness|naivety|ingenuousness


word: IMMEASURABLE
russian_word: неизмеримый
example: immeasurable suffering
definition: too large, extensive, or extreme to measure.
antonyms: few
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɛʒ(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɛʒ(ə)rəb(ə)l
synonyms:
incalculable|inestimable|innumerable|unfathomable|fathomless|indeterminable|measureless|untold|limitless|boundless|unbounded|unlimited|illimitable|infinite|cosmic|endless|never-ending|interminable|inexhaustible|bottomless|vast|immense|great|abundant|no end of|myriad|innumerous|unnumberable


word: IMMEDIACY
russian_word: непосредственность
example: email works because it has the immediacy of a scribbled memo
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈmiːdɪəsi
phonetics_text: ɪˈmiːdɪəsi
definition:
the quality of bringing one into direct and instant involvement with something, giving rise to a sense of urgency or excitement.


word: IMMEDIATE
russian_word: непосредственный
example: the authorities took no immediate action|no changes are envisaged in the immediate future
antonyms: delayed|gradual
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmiːdɪət
phonetics_text: ɪˈmiːdɪət
definition:
occurring or done at once; instant.|nearest in time, relationship, or rank.|(of knowledge or reaction) gained or shown without reasoning; intuitive.

synonyms:
instant|instantaneous|on-the-spot|prompt|swift|speedy|rapid|quick|expeditious|sudden|hurried|hasty|precipitate|abrupt|lightning|whirlwind|overnight|snappy|p.d.q. (pretty damn quick)|fleet|rathe|alacritous

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘nearest in space or order’): from Old French immediat, or from late Latin immediatus, from in- ‘not’ + mediatus ‘intervening’, past participle of mediare (see mediate).


word: IMMEDIATELY
russian_word: немедленно
example: I rang immediately for an ambulance|she was sitting immediately behind me
definition: at once; instantly.|without any intervening time or space.
part_of_speech: adverb|conjunction
phonetic: ɪˈmiːdɪətli
phonetics_text: ɪˈmiːdɪətli
synonyms:
straight away|at once|right away|right now|instantly|now|directly|promptly|forthwith|this/that (very) minute|this/that instant|there and then|here and now|in a flash|without delay|without hesitation|without further ado|post-haste|quickly|as fast as possible|fast|speedily|with all speed|as soon as possible|ASAP|tout de suite|pronto|double quick|in double quick time|p.d.q. (pretty damn quick)|toot sweet|ekdam|straightway|instanter|forthright


word: IMMEMORIAL
russian_word: незапамятных
example: an immemorial custom
definition: originating in the distant past; very old.
antonyms: recent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmɪˈmɔːrɪəl
phonetics_text: ɪmɪˈmɔːrɪəl
synonyms:
ancient|old|very old|age-old|antediluvian|timeless|dateless|archaic|long-standing|long-lived|time-worn|time-honoured|ancestral|traditional|atavistic|of yore|rooted in the past

origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin immemorialis, from in- ‘not’ + memorialis ‘relating to the memory’.


word: IMMENSE
russian_word: огромный
example: the cost of restoration has been immense
definition: extremely large or great, especially in scale or degree.
antonyms: tiny
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɛns
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɛns
synonyms:
huge|vast|massive|enormous|gigantic|colossal|cosmic|great|very large|very big|extensive|expansive|monumental|towering|mountainous|tremendous|prodigious|substantial|giant|elephantine|monstrous|mammoth|titanic|Brobdingnagian|king-size|king-sized|mega|monster|whopping|whopping great|thumping|thumping great|humongous|jumbo|hulking|whacking|whacking great|ginormous

origin:
late Middle English: via French from Latin immensus ‘immeasurable’, from in- ‘not’ + mensus ‘measured’ (past participle of metiri ).


word: IMMENSELY
russian_word: очень
definition: to a great extent; extremely.
antonyms: slightly|by no means
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈmɛnsli
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɛnsli
synonyms:
extremely|very|exceedingly|exceptionally|especially|extraordinarily|tremendously|vastly|hugely|abundantly|intensely|acutely|singularly|significantly|distinctly|outstandingly|uncommonly|unusually|decidedly|particularly|eminently|supremely|highly|remarkably|really|truly|mightily|thoroughly|to a fault|in the extreme|extra|all that|to a great extent|most|so|unco|très|right|terrifically|awfully|fearfully|terribly|devilishly|majorly|seriously|mega|ultra|oh-so|stinking|mucho|damn|damned|bigly|devilish|hellish|frightfully|ever so|well|bloody|dead|dirty|jolly|fair|real|mighty|powerful|awful|plumb|darned|way|bitching|lekker|exceeding


word: IMMERSE
russian_word: погружать
example: immerse the paper in water for twenty minutes|she immersed herself in her work
definition: dip or submerge in a liquid.|involve oneself deeply in a particular activity.
synonyms: submerge|plunge|dip|dunk|duck|sink|douse|souse|soak|drench|imbue|saturate|cover|rinse|wet
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈməːs
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːs
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin immers- ‘dipped into’, from the verb immergere, from in- ‘in’ + mergere ‘to dip’.


word: IMMERSION
russian_word: погружение
origin: late 15th century: from late Latin immersio(n- ), from immergere ‘dip into’ (see immerse).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈməːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːʃ(ə)n
example:
his back was still raw from immersion in the icy Atlantic sea|a week's immersion in the culinary heritage of Puglia

definition:
the action of immersing someone or something in a liquid.|deep mental involvement in something.|the disappearance of a celestial body in the shadow of or behind another.


word: IMMERSIVE
russian_word: погружения
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɜːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɜːsɪv
definition:
(of a computer display or system) generating a three-dimensional image which appears to surround the user.


word: IMMIGRANT
russian_word: иммигрант
example: they found it difficult to expel illegal immigrants
definition: a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmɪɡr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪɡr(ə)nt
synonyms:
newcomer|settler|incomer|new arrival|migrant|emigrant|non-native|foreigner|foreign national|alien|outsider|stranger|naturalized citizen|expatriate|expat

origin:
late 18th century: from Latin immigrant- ‘immigrating’, from the verb immigrare, on the pattern of emigrant .


word: IMMIGRATE
russian_word: иммигрировать
example: an Australian who immigrated to Britain in 1982
definition: come to live permanently in a foreign country.
synonyms: migrate|move overseas|move abroad|relocate|resettle|defect
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪmɪɡreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪɡreɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin immigrat- ‘immigrated’, from the verb immigrare, from in- ‘into’ + migrare ‘migrate’.


word: IMMINENT
russian_word: неизбежный
example: they were in imminent danger of being swept away
definition: about to happen.|overhanging.
antonyms: remote
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪmɪnənt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmɪnənt
synonyms:
impending|at hand|close|near|approaching|fast approaching|coming|forthcoming|on the way|about to happen|upon us|in store|in the offing|in the pipeline|on the horizon|in the air|in the wind|brewing|looming|looming large|threatening|menacing|expected|anticipated|on the cards

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin imminent- ‘overhanging, impending’, from the verb imminere, from in- ‘upon, towards’ + minere ‘to project’.


word: IMMITIGABLE
russian_word: неумолимый
example: the pain was immitigable
definition: unable to be made less severe or serious.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɪtɪɡəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɪtɪɡəb(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from late Latin immitigabilis, from in- ‘not’ + mitigabilis ‘able to be mitigated’.


word: IMMOBILE
russian_word: неподвижный
example: she sat immobile for a long time
definition: not moving; motionless.
antonyms: moving
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from Latin immobilis, from in- ‘not’ + mobilis (see mobile).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈməʊbʌɪl
phonetics_text: ɪˈməʊbʌɪl
synonyms:
motionless|unmoving|without moving|still|stock-still|static|stationary|at rest|at a standstill|dormant|rooted to the spot|fixed to the spot|rigid|frozen|stiff|riveted|transfixed|like a statue|as if turned to stone|not moving a muscle|immobilized


word: IMMOBILIZE
russian_word: фиксировать
example: the car had been immobilized by a wheel clamp
definition: prevent (something or someone) from moving or operating as normal.
origin: late 19th century: from French immobiliser, from immobile (see immobile).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈməʊbɪlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈməʊbɪlʌɪz
synonyms:
put out of action|disable|prevent from moving/working|make inoperative|render inactive|inactivate|deactivate|paralyse|cripple|bring to a standstill|bring to a halt|halt|stop|clamp|wheel-clamp|disenable


word: IMMODERATE
russian_word: неумеренный
example: immoderate drinking
definition: not sensible or restrained; excessive.
antonyms: moderate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɒd(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɒd(ə)rət
synonyms:
excessive|heavy|intemperate|unrestrained|unrestricted|uncontrolled|unlimited|unbridled|uncurbed|self-indulgent|overindulgent|imprudent|reckless|wild|undue|inordinate|unreasonable|unjustified|unwarranted|uncalled for|outrageous|egregious|extravagant|lavish|prodigal|profligate|wanton|dissipative

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin immoderatus, from in- ‘not’ + moderatus ‘reduced, controlled’ (past participle of moderare ).


word: IMMODERATION
russian_word: неумеренность
example: he paid a high price for his immoderation
definition: the quality of being excessive and lacking in restraint; overindulgence.
antonyms: moderation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌmɒd(ə)ˈreɪʃn
phonetics_text: ɪˌmɒd(ə)ˈreɪʃn
synonyms:
excess|excessiveness|intemperance|intemperateness|lack of restraint|lack of self-control|self-gratification|self-indulgence|overindulgence|overconsumption|lavishness|extravagance|decadence|profligacy|wantonness|dissipation|dissoluteness|dissolution


word: IMMODEST
russian_word: нескромный
example: his immodest personality
definition: lacking humility or decency.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɒdɪst
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɒdɪst
synonyms:
indecorous|improper|indecent|indelicate|indiscreet|immoral|forward|bold|brazen|impudent|unblushing|unchaste|unvirtuous|shameless|loose|wanton|fresh|cheeky|naughty|saucy

origin:
late 16th century: from French immodeste or Latin immodestus, from in- ‘not’ + modestus (see modest).


word: IMMOLATE
russian_word: жертвовать
example: Chinese kings would immolate vast numbers of animals
definition: kill or offer as a sacrifice, especially by burning.
synonyms: sacrifice|offer up|offer as a sacrifice|kill as a sacrifice|kill|slaughter|burn
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪməleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪməleɪt
origin:
mid 16th century (earlier (late Middle English) as immolation ): from Latin immolat- ‘sprinkled with sacrificial meal’, from the verb immolare, from in- ‘upon’ + mola ‘meal’.


word: IMMORAL
russian_word: безнравственный
example: unseemly and immoral behaviour
definition: not conforming to accepted standards of morality.
antonyms: moral|ethical|chaste
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɒr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɒr(ə)l
synonyms:
unethical|bad|morally wrong|wrongful|wicked|evil|unprincipled|unscrupulous|dishonourable|dishonest|unconscionable|iniquitous|disreputable|fraudulent|corrupt|depraved|vile|villainous|nefarious|base|unfair|underhand|devious|sinful|impure|unchaste|unvirtuous|shameless|degenerate|debauched|abandoned|dissolute|reprobate|perverted|indecent|lewd|licentious|wanton|bawdy|lustful|promiscuous|shady|low-down|dodgy|crooked|not cricket|miscreant


word: IMMORALITY
russian_word: безнравственность
example: he believed his father had been punished by God for his immorality
definition: the state or quality of being immoral; wickedness.
antonyms: morality|chastity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪməˈralɪti
phonetics_text: ɪməˈralɪti
synonyms:
wickedness|immoral behaviour|badness|evil|vileness|iniquity|corruption|dishonesty|dishonourableness|sinfulness|sin|impurity|unchastity|depravity|vice|turpitude|degeneracy|debauchery|dissolution|perversion|indecency|lewdness|licentiousness|lustfulness|wantonness|promiscuity|shamelessness|shadiness|crookedness


word: IMMORTAL
russian_word: бессмертный
example: our mortal bodies are inhabited by immortal souls
definition: living forever; never dying or decaying.
antonyms: mortal
origin: late Middle English: from Latin immortalis, from in- ‘not’ + mortalis (see mortal).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈmɔːt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɔːt(ə)l
synonyms:
undying|never dying|deathless|eternal|ever living|everlasting|never-ending|endless|perpetual|lasting|enduring|constant|abiding|imperishable|indestructible|inextinguishable|unfading|immutable|indissoluble|sempiternal|perdurable


word: IMMORTALITY
russian_word: бессмертие
example: eating the fruit gave the gods immortality
definition: the ability to live forever; eternal life.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmɔːˈtalɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmɔːˈtalɪti
synonyms:
eternal life|everlasting life|deathlessness|everlastingness|endlessness|perpetuity|indestructibility|imperishability|timelessness|legendary status|durability|permanence


word: IMMORTALIZE
russian_word: увековечить
example: he will be forever immortalized in the history books
definition: confer enduring fame upon.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmɔːtəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɔːtəlʌɪz
synonyms:
commemorate|memorialize|keep alive the memory of|eternalize|perpetuate|preserve|enshrine|celebrate|pay tribute to|pay homage to|honour|salute|exalt|laud|glorify|eternize


word: IMMORTELLE
russian_word: бессмертник
origin: French (feminine adjective), literally ‘everlasting’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmɔːˈtɛl
phonetics_text: ˌɪmɔːˈtɛl
definition:
another term for everlasting (sense 2 of the noun).|a Caribbean tree of the pea family, with a spiny trunk and clusters of red, orange, or pinkish flowers.


word: IMMOVABLE
russian_word: неподвижный
example: all immovable objects have graffiti sprayed on them
definition: not able to be moved.|(of a person) not yielding to argument or pressure.
antonyms: mobile
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈmuːvəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmuːvəb(ə)l
synonyms:
fixed|secure|stable|rooted|riveted|moored|anchored|braced|set firm|set fast|fast|firm|stuck|jammed|stiff|unbudgeable


word: IMMUNE
russian_word: иммунный
example: they were naturally immune to hepatitis B|they are immune from legal action
antonyms: susceptible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmjuːn
phonetics_text: ɪˈmjuːn
definition:
resistant to a particular infection or toxin owing to the presence of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.|protected or exempt, especially from an obligation or the effects of something.

synonyms:
resistant|not subject|not liable|unsusceptible|not vulnerable|not open|not exposed|protected from|safe from|secure against|not in danger of|exempt from|clear of|free from|unaffected by|proof against|freed from|absolved from|released from|excused from|relieved of|spared from|excepted from|exempted from|let off

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘free from (a liability’)): from Latin immunis ‘exempt from public service or charge’, from in- ‘not’ + munis ‘ready for service’. Senses relating to physiological resistance date from the late 19th century.


word: IMMUNITY
russian_word: иммунитет
antonyms: susceptibility to
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈmjuːnɪti
phonetics_text: ɪˈmjuːnɪti
example:
immunity to typhoid seems to have increased spontaneously|the rebels were given immunity from prosecution

definition:
the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.|protection or exemption from something, especially an obligation or penalty.

synonyms:
resistance to|resilience to|non-susceptibility to|lack of susceptibility to|protection from|ability to fight off|ability to withstand|ability to counteract|defences against|immunization against|inoculation against

origin:
late Middle English: in the sense ‘exemption (from a liability’): from Latin immunitas, from immunis (see immune).


word: IMMUNIZE
russian_word: иммунизировать
example: the vaccine is used to immunize children against measles
definition: make (a person or animal) immune to infection, typically by inoculation.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪmjʊnʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɪmjʊnʌɪz
synonyms:
vaccinate|inoculate|inject|protect from|shield from|safeguard from|give someone a jab|give someone a shot


word: IMMUNOASSAY
russian_word: иммунологический анализ
example: these general principles can be applied to all immunoassays
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmjʊnəʊˈaseɪ
phonetics_text: ˌɪmjʊnəʊˈaseɪ|ɪˌmjuːnəʊˈaseɪ
definition:
a procedure for detecting or measuring specific proteins or other substances through their properties as antigens or antibodies.


word: IMMUNOBLOTTING
russian_word: иммуноблотинга
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmjʊnəʊblɒtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɪmjʊnəʊblɒtɪŋ|ɪˈmjuːnəʊblɒtɪŋ
definition:
a technique for analysing or identifying proteins in a mixture, involving separation by electrophoresis followed by staining with antibodies.


word: IMMUNODIFFUSION
russian_word: иммунодиффузия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmjʊnəʊdɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɪmjʊnəʊdɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n|ɪˌmjuːnəʊdɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
definition:
a technique for detecting or measuring antibodies and antigens by their precipitation when diffused together through a gel or other medium.


word: IMMUNOGLOBULIN
russian_word: иммуноглобулин
example: she was given intravenous immunoglobulin
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmjʊnəʊˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn
phonetics_text: ˌɪmjʊnəʊˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn|ɪˌmjuːnəʊˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn
definition:
any of a class of proteins present in the serum and cells of the immune system, which function as antibodies.


word: IMMUNOSORBENT
russian_word: иммуноферментный
part_of_speech: adjective
definition:
relating to or denoting techniques making use of the absorption of antibodies by insoluble preparations of antigens.


word: IMMURE
russian_word: заточать
example: her brother was immured in a lunatic asylum
definition: enclose or confine (someone) against their will.
origin: late 16th century: from French emmurer or medieval Latin immurare, from in- ‘in’ + murus ‘wall’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmjʊə
phonetics_text: ɪˈmjʊə|ɪˈmjɔː
synonyms:
confine|intern|shut up|lock up|incarcerate|imprison|jail|put away|put behind bars|put under lock and key|hold captive|hold prisoner|coop up|mew up|fence in|wall in|close in|detain|keep|hold|trap


word: IMMUTABLE
russian_word: непреложный
example: an immutable fact
definition: unchanging over time or unable to be changed.
antonyms: variable
origin: late Middle English: from Latin immutabilis, from in- ‘not’ + mutabilis (see mutable).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmjuːtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈmjuːtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unchangeable|fixed|set|rigid|inflexible|unyielding|unbending|permanent|entrenched|established|well established|unshakeable|irremovable|indelible|ineradicable|unchanging|unchanged|changeless|unvarying|unvaried|undeviating|static|constant|lasting|abiding|enduring|persistent|perpetual


word: IMP
russian_word: чертенок
definition: a small, mischievous devil or sprite.
synonyms: demon|little devil|devil|fiend|hobgoblin|goblin|elf|sprite|puck|bugbear|cacodemon
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪmp
phonetics_text: ɪmp
origin:
Old English impa, impe  ‘young shoot, scion’, impian  ‘to graft’, based on Greek emphuein ‘to implant’. In late Middle English, the noun denoted a descendant, especially of a noble family, and later a child of the devil or a person regarded as such; hence a ‘little devil’ or mischievous child (early 17th century).


word: IMPACT
russian_word: воздействие
definition: the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.|a marked effect or influence.
synonyms: collision|crash|smash|clash|bump|bang|knock|jolt|thump|whack|thwack|slam|smack|contact
part_of_speech: noun|verb
example:
there was the sound of a third impact|our regional measures have had a significant impact on unemployment

phonetic:
early 17th century (as a verb in the sense ‘press closely, fix firmly’): from Latin impact- ‘driven in’, from the verb impingere (see impinge).


word: IMPAIR
russian_word: ухудшать
example: a noisy job could permanently impair their hearing
definition: weaken or damage (something, especially a faculty or function).
antonyms: improve|enhance
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛː
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛː
synonyms:
damage|harm|diminish|reduce|weaken|lessen|decrease|blunt|impede|hinder|mar|spoil|disable|undermine|compromise|threaten|foul up|put the kibosh on|vitiate

origin:
Middle English enpeire, from Old French empeirier, based on late Latin pejorare (from Latin pejor ‘worse’). The current spelling is due to association with words derived from Latin beginning with im- .


word: IMPALE
russian_word: пронзать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpeɪl
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpeɪl
example:
his head was impaled on a pike and exhibited for all to see|the impaled arms of her husband and her father

definition:
transfix or pierce with a sharp instrument.|display (a coat of arms) side by side with another on the same shield, separated by a vertical line.

synonyms:
stick|skewer|spear|spike|pin|transfix|pierce|stab|run through|bayonet|harpoon|lance|gore|disembowel|puncture|perforate|transpierce

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘enclose with stakes or pales’): from French empaler or medieval Latin impalare, from Latin in- ‘in’ + palus ‘a stake’.


word: IMPALPABLE
russian_word: неосязаемый
example: an impalpable ghost
definition: unable to be felt by touch.
antonyms: palpable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpalpəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpalpəb(ə)l
synonyms:
intangible|insubstantial|incorporeal|unable to be touched|imperceptible to the touch|indefinable|elusive|hard to define/describe|undescribable|immaterial|unbodied|discarnate

origin:
early 16th century: from French, or from late Latin impalpabilis, from in- ‘not’ + palpabilis (see palpable).


word: IMPART
russian_word: передавать
example: the teachers imparted a great deal of knowledge to their pupils
definition: make (information) known.
antonyms: keep to oneself
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɑːt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɑːt
synonyms:
communicate|pass on|convey|transmit|relay|relate|recount|set forth|present|tell|make known|make public|go public with|report|announce|proclaim|spread|disseminate|circulate|promulgate|broadcast|disclose|reveal|divulge|bring into the open|let on about|tell all about|blab|spill|discover|unbosom

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘give a share of’): from Old French impartir, from Latin impartire, from in- ‘in’ + pars, part- ‘part’.


word: IMPARTIAL
russian_word: беспристрастный
example: the minister cannot be impartial in the way that a judge would be
definition: treating all rivals or disputants equally.
antonyms: biased|partisan
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɑːʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɑːʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
unbiased|unprejudiced|neutral|non-partisan|non-discriminatory|anti-discrimination|disinterested|uninvolved|uncommitted|detached|dispassionate|objective|open-minded|equitable|even-handed|fair|fair-minded|just|without favouritism|free from discrimination|with no axe to grind|without fear or favour|on the fence


word: IMPASSIBLE
russian_word: нечувствительный
example: belief in an impassible God
definition: incapable of suffering or feeling pain.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpasɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpasɪb(ə)l
origin:
Middle English: via Old French from ecclesiastical Latin impassibilis, from Latin in- ‘not’ + passibilis (see passible).


word: IMPASSION
russian_word: глубоко волновать
example: her body had once pleased and impassioned him
definition: make passionate.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpaʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpaʃ(ə)n
origin:
late 16th century: from Italian impassionnare, from im- (expressing intensive force) + passione ‘passion’, from Christian Latin passio (see passion).


word: IMPASSIONED
russian_word: страстный
example: she made an impassioned plea for help
definition: filled with or showing great emotion.
antonyms: half-hearted
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpaʃ(ə)nd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpaʃ(ə)nd
synonyms:
emotional|heartfelt|wholehearted|full-hearted|from the heart|earnest|sincere|fervent|fervid|ardent|vehement|intense|burning|urgent|passionate|feverish|frantic|emotive|zealous|perfervid|passional


word: IMPASSIVE
russian_word: бесстрастный
example: his cold, impassive face
definition: not feeling or showing emotion.
antonyms: expressive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpasɪv
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpasɪv
synonyms:
expressionless|unexpressive|inexpressive|inscrutable|blank|deadpan|poker-faced|straight-faced|dispassionate|stony|wooden|unresponsive|empty|vacant|glazed|fixed|lifeless


word: IMPASTO
russian_word: наложение красок густым слоем
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpastəʊ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpastəʊ
definition:
the process or technique of laying on paint or pigment thickly so that it stands out from a surface.

origin:
late 18th century: from Italian, from impastare, from im- ‘upon’ + pasta ‘a paste’, from late Latin.


word: IMPATIENCE
russian_word: нетерпение
example: she crumpled up the pages in a burst of impatience
definition: the tendency to be impatient; irritability or restlessness.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpeɪʃns
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpeɪʃns
synonyms:
restlessness|restiveness|frustration|agitation|nervousness|edginess|jitteriness|excitability|eagerness|keenness|avidity|hunger|greed|longing|yearning|irritability|testiness|tetchiness|snappiness|irascibility|querulousness|peevishness|intolerance|disgruntlement|exasperation|annoyance|pique|discontent|dissatisfaction|displeasure|abruptness|brusqueness|shortness|curtness|aggravation


word: IMPATIENS
russian_word: Импатиенс
definition: a plant of a genus that includes busy Lizzie and its many hybrids.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpatɪɛnz
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpatɪɛnz
origin:
modern Latin, from Latin, literally ‘impatient’ (because the capsules of the plant readily burst open when touched).


word: IMPATIENT
russian_word: нетерпеливый
example: an impatient motorist blaring his horn|they are impatient for change
definition: having or showing a tendency to be quickly irritated or provoked.|restlessly eager.
antonyms: pleased
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt
synonyms:
irritated|annoyed|angry|testy|tetchy|snappy|cross|crabby|moody|grumpy|querulous|fretful|peevish|peeved|piqued|discontented|displeased|disgruntled|intolerant|short-tempered|quick-tempered|abrupt|curt|brusque|terse|short|aggravated|grouchy|narked|narky|ratty|eggy|shirty

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘lacking patience’ and ‘unbearable’): via Old French from Latin impatient- ‘not bearing, impatient’, from in- ‘not’ + pati ‘suffer, bear’.


word: IMPEACH
russian_word: оспаривать
example: there is no desire to impeach the privileges of the House of Commons
antonyms: acquit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpiːtʃ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpiːtʃ
definition:
(especially in the US) charge (the holder of a public office) with misconduct.|call into question the integrity or validity of (a practice).

synonyms:
indict|charge|accuse|bring a charge against|bring a case against|lay charges against|prefer charges against|arraign|take to court|put on trial|bring to trial|prosecute|have the law on

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘hinder, prevent’; earlier as empeche ): from Old French empecher ‘impede’, from late Latin impedicare ‘catch, entangle’ (based on pedica ‘a fetter’, from pes, ped- ‘foot’). Compare with impede.


word: IMPEACHMENT
russian_word: импичмент
example: the prosecutor's detailed impeachment of the character witness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpiːtʃmənt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpiːtʃmənt
definition:
(especially in the US) a charge of misconduct made against the holder of a public office.|the action of calling into question the integrity or validity of something.


word: IMPECCABLE
russian_word: безупречный
example: he had impeccable manners
definition: in accordance with the highest standards; faultless.
antonyms: imperfect|sinful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛkəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛkəb(ə)l
synonyms:
flawless|faultless|unblemished|spotless|stainless|untarnished|perfect|exemplary|ideal|model|virtuous|pure|moral|sinless|upright|irreproachable|unimpeachable|blameless|guiltless|above suspicion|beyond reproach|beyond criticism|incorrupt|uncorrupted|squeaky clean|whiter than white|lily white|as pure as the driven snow

origin:
mid 16th century (in the theological sense): from Latin impeccabilis, from in- ‘not’ + peccare ‘to sin’.


word: IMPECUNIOUS
russian_word: безденежный
example: a titled but impecunious family
definition: having little or no money.
antonyms: wealthy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːnɪəs
phonetics_text: ˌɪmpɪˈkjuːnɪəs
synonyms:
penniless|penurious|in penury|poor|impoverished|indigent|insolvent|moneyless|hard up|poverty-stricken|needy|in need|in want|destitute|poor as a church mouse|without a sou|in straitened circumstances|on one's beam ends|unable to make ends meet|on the breadline|broke|flat broke|strapped for cash|cleaned out|strapped|on one's uppers|skint|boracic|stony broke|in Queer Street|stone broke|pauperized|beggared

origin:
late 16th century: from in-1 ‘not’ + obsolete pecunious ‘having money, wealthy’ (from Latin pecuniosus, from pecunia ‘money’).


word: IMPEDANCE
russian_word: импеданс
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpiːd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpiːd(ə)ns
definition:
the effective resistance of an electric circuit or component to alternating current, arising from the combined effects of ohmic resistance and reactance.


word: IMPEDE
russian_word: препятствовать
example: the sap causes swelling which can impede breathing
definition: delay or prevent (someone or something) by obstructing them; hinder.
antonyms: facilitate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpiːd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpiːd
synonyms:
hinder|obstruct|hamper|handicap|hold back|hold up|delay|interfere with|disrupt|retard|slow|slow down|brake|put a brake on|restrain|fetter|shackle|hamstring|cramp|cripple|block|check|bar|curb|stop|thwart|frustrate|balk|foil|derail|stand in the way of|stymie|foul up|screw up|scupper|bork|cumber

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin impedire ‘shackle the feet of’, based on pes, ped- ‘foot’. Compare with impeach.


word: IMPEDIMENT
russian_word: препятствие
example: a serious impediment to scientific progress
antonyms: benefit
origin: late Middle English: from Latin impedimentum, from impedire (see impede).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛdɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛdɪm(ə)nt
definition:
a hindrance or obstruction in doing something.|a defect in a person's speech, such as a lisp or stammer.

synonyms:
hindrance|obstruction|obstacle|barrier|bar|handicap|block|check|curb|brake|restraint|restriction|limitation|encumbrance|deterrent|drawback|setback|difficulty|problem|issue|snag|catch|hitch|stumbling block|fly in the ointment|hiccup|facer|spanner in the works|monkey wrench in the works|cumber


word: IMPEDIMENTA
russian_word: войсковое имущество
example: she collected her briefcase and other impedimenta
definition: equipment for an activity or expedition, especially when considered as bulky or an encumbrance.
origin: early 17th century: from Latin, plural of impedimentum ‘impediment’, from impedire (see impede).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˌpɛdɪˈmɛntə
phonetics_text: ɪmˌpɛdɪˈmɛntə
synonyms:
paraphernalia|trappings|equipment|accoutrements|appurtenances|accessories|bits and pieces|bits and bobs|odds and ends|things|tackle|effects|possessions|belongings|goods|movables|baggage|luggage|rubbish|stuff|gear|traps|junk|clobber|gubbins|odds and sods|equipage


word: IMPEL
russian_word: побуждать
example: financial difficulties impelled him to desperate measures
definition: drive, force, or urge (someone) to do something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛl
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛl
synonyms:
force|compel|constrain|oblige|necessitate|require|demand|make|urge|exhort|press|apply pressure|pressure|pressurize|drive|push|spur|prod|goad|incite|prompt|persuade|inspire

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘propel’): from Latin impellere, from in- ‘towards’ + pellere ‘to drive’.


word: IMPELLER
russian_word: крыльчатка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛlə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛlə
definition:
the rotating part of a centrifugal pump, compressor, or other machine designed to move a fluid by rotation.


word: IMPEND
russian_word: надвигаться
example: it seemed certain that some great trial of strength impended between the opponents
definition: (of an event regarded as threatening or significant) be about to happen.
origin: late 16th century: from Latin impendere, from in- ‘towards, upon’ + pendere ‘hang’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛnd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛnd
synonyms:
imminent|at hand|close|close at hand|near|nearing|approaching|coming|forthcoming|upcoming|to come|on the way|about to happen|upon us|in store|in the offing|in the pipeline|on the horizon|in the air|in the wind|brewing|looming|looming large|threatening|menacing|on the cards


word: IMPENETRABLE
russian_word: непроницаемый
example: a dark, impenetrable forest|her expression was impenetrable
definition: impossible to pass through or enter.|impossible to understand.
antonyms: accessible|sparse
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛnɪtrəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛnɪtrəb(ə)l
synonyms:
impassable|unpassable|inaccessible|unnavigable|untraversable|pathless|trackless|untrodden|dense|thick|overgrown|jungly|jungle-like|thickset

origin:
late Middle English: via French from Latin impenetrabilis, from in- ‘not’ + penetrabilis ‘able to be pierced’, from the verb penetrare (see penetrate).


word: IMPENITENT
russian_word: нераскаявшийся
example: impenitent elitists
definition: not feeling shame or regret about one's actions or attitudes.
antonyms: penitent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛnɪt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛnɪt(ə)nt
synonyms:
unrepentant|unrepenting|without regret/remorse|uncontrite|remorseless|unremorseful|shameless|unashamed|unblushing|unapologetic|unabashed|brazen|conscienceless

origin:
late Middle English: from ecclesiastical Latin impaenitent- ‘not repenting’, from Latin in- ‘not’ + paenitere ‘repent’.


word: IMPERATIVE
russian_word: императив
example: immediate action was imperative|the bell pealed again, a final imperative call
definition: of vital importance; crucial.|giving an authoritative command; peremptory.
antonyms: unimportant|optional
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛrətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛrətɪv
synonyms:
vitally important|of vital importance|all-important|vital|crucial|critical|essential|of the essence|a matter of life and death|of great consequence|necessary|indispensable|exigent|pressing|urgent|required|compulsory|mandatory|obligatory

origin:
late Middle English (as a grammatical term): from late Latin imperativus (literally ‘specially ordered’, translating Greek prostatikē enklisis ‘imperative mood’), from imperare ‘to command’, from in- ‘towards’ + parare ‘make ready’.


word: IMPERATOR
russian_word: император
origin: Latin, from imperare ‘to order, command’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmpəˈrɑːtɔː
phonetics_text: ˌɪmpəˈrɑːtɔː
definition:
commander (a title conferred under the Republic on a victorious general and under the Empire on the emperor).


word: IMPERCEPTIBLE
russian_word: незаметный
example: his head moved in an almost imperceptible nod
definition: so slight, gradual, or subtle as not to be perceived.
antonyms: obvious|noticeable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmpəˈsɛptɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmpəˈsɛptɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unnoticeable|undetectable|indistinguishable|indiscernible|unapparent|inappreciable|invisible|inaudible|impalpable|unobtrusive|impossible to detect|slight|small|subtle|faint|fine|inconsequential|negligible|tiny|minute|minuscule|microscopic|nanoscopic|infinitesimal|indistinct|unclear|obscure|vague|indefinite|shadowy|hard to make out

origin:
late Middle English: from French, or from medieval Latin imperceptibilis, from in- ‘not’ + perceptibilis, from the verb percipere (see perceive).


word: IMPERFECT
russian_word: несовершенный
example: an imperfect grasp of English
antonyms: perfect|complete|fluent
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːfɪkt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːfɪkt
definition:
not perfect; faulty or incomplete.|(of a tense) denoting a past action in progress but not completed at the time in question.|(of a cadence) ending on the dominant chord.|(of a gift, title, etc.) transferred without all the necessary conditions or requirements being met.

synonyms:
faulty|flawed|defective|shoddy|unsound|unsaleable|unsellable|unfit|inferior|second-rate|below par|below standard|substandard|damaged|impaired|blemished|broken|cracked|torn|scratched|deformed|warped|shabby|inoperative|malfunctioning|not functioning|not working|out of order|in a state of disrepair|not up to snuff|not up to scratch|tenth-rate|crummy|lousy|duff|ropy|rubbish|not much cop|incomplete|abridged|not whole|not entire|partial|unfinished|half-done|deficient|lacking|wanting|unpolished|unrefined|patchy|rough|crude|disjointed|faltering|halting|hesitant|rudimentary|limited|non-fluent

origin:
Middle English imparfit, imperfet, from Old French imparfait, from Latin imperfectus, from in- ‘not’ + perfectus (see perfect). The spelling change in the 16th century was due to association with the Latin form.


word: IMPERFECTION
russian_word: несовершенство
example: the imperfections and injustices in our political system
definition: a fault, blemish, or undesirable feature.
antonyms: strength
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmpəˈfɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmpəˈfɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
defect|fault|flaw|deformity|discoloration|disfigurement|crack|break|scratch|chip|dent|pit|notch|nick|blemish|stain|spot|mark|streak|failing|deficiency|weakness|weak point|weak spot|shortcoming|fallibility|frailty|infirmity|foible|inadequacy|limitation|Achilles heel|chink in one's armour|hang-up

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin imperfectio(n- ), from imperfectus (see imperfect).


word: IMPERFECTIVE
russian_word: несовершенный
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪmpəˈfɛktɪv
phonetics_text: ɪmpəˈfɛktɪv
definition:
relating to or denoting an aspect of verbs in Slavic languages that expresses action without reference to its completion.


word: IMPERFORATE
russian_word: заращенный
example: unicellular spores of these parasites have an imperforate wall
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːf(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːf(ə)rət
definition:
lacking the normal opening; not perforated.|(of a postage stamp or a block or sheet of stamps) lacking perforations, especially as an error.


word: IMPERIAL
russian_word: имперский
example: Britain's imperial past
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɪərɪəl
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɪərɪəl
definition:
relating to an empire.|relating to or denoting the system of non-metric weights and measures (the ounce, pound, stone, inch, foot, yard, mile, acre, pint, gallon, etc.) formerly used for all measures in the UK, and still used for some.|(of a size of paper, in the UK) measuring 762 × 559 mm (30 × 22 inches).

synonyms:
royal|regal|monarchal|monarchial|monarchical|sovereign|kingly|queenly|princely|majestic|imperatorial

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin imperialis, from imperium ‘command, authority, empire’; related to imperare ‘to command’. Compare with emperor, empire, also with imperious.


word: IMPERIALISM
russian_word: империализм
example: the struggle against imperialism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɪərɪəlɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɪərɪəlɪz(ə)m
definition:
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means.


word: IMPERIL
russian_word: подвергать опасности
example: they advised against tax increases for fear of imperilling the recovery
definition: put at risk of being harmed, injured, or destroyed.
origin: late Middle English: from peril, probably on the pattern of endanger .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛrɪl
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛrɪl|ɪmˈpɛr(ə)l
synonyms:
endanger|jeopardize|risk|put at risk|put in danger|expose to danger|put in jeopardy|expose|leave vulnerable|put someone's life on the line|threaten|pose a threat to|be a danger to|be detrimental to|damage|injure|harm|do harm to|peril


word: IMPERIOUS
russian_word: властный
example: his imperious demands
definition: arrogant and domineering.
antonyms: meek
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɪərɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɪərɪəs
synonyms:
peremptory|high-handed|commanding|imperial|overbearing|overweening|domineering|authoritarian|dictatorial|authoritative|lordly|officious|assertive|dominating|bullish|forceful|bossy|arrogant|pushy|high and mighty|throwing one's weight around|pushful

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin imperiosus, from imperium ‘command, authority, empire’; related to imperare ‘to command’. Compare with imperial.


word: IMPERISHABLE
russian_word: нетленный
example: imperishable truths
definition: enduring forever.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛrɪʃəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛrɪʃəb(ə)l
synonyms:
enduring|everlasting|undying|deathless|immortal|timeless|ageless|perennial|lasting|long-lasting|indestructible|inextinguishable|ineradicable|unfading|undiminished|permanent|never-ending|never dying|without end|sempiternal|perdurable


word: IMPERMANENT
russian_word: непостоянный
example: life has value precisely because it is transient and impermanent
definition: not permanent.
antonyms: permanent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːmənənt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːmənənt
synonyms:
temporary|non-permanent|not permanent|transient|transitory|passing|fleeting|momentary|ephemeral|fugitive|fading|short-lived|short-term|short|brief|here today and gone tomorrow|evanescent|fugacious


word: IMPERMEABLE
russian_word: непроницаемый
example: an impermeable membrane
definition: not allowing fluid to pass through.
antonyms: permeable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːmɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːmɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
watertight|waterproof|damp-proof|water-resistant|water-repellent|airtight|tight|sealed|hermetically sealed|closed|impenetrable|impregnable|inviolable|resistant|imperviable

origin:
late 17th century: from French imperméable, or from late Latin impermeabilis, from in- ‘not’ + permeabilis (see permeable).


word: IMPERSONAL
russian_word: безличный
example: the impersonal power of a government|he gradually came to believe in an impersonal God
antonyms: biased|warm|emotional
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːs(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːs(ə)n(ə)l
definition:
not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings.|not existing as a person.|(of a verb) used only with a formal subject (in English usually it ) and expressing an action not attributable to a definite subject (as in it is snowing ).

synonyms:
neutral|unbiased|non-partisan|non-discriminatory|unprejudiced|unswayed|objective|detached|disinterested|dispassionate|free from discrimination|without favouritism|with no axe to grind|without fear or favour|fair|just|equitable|balanced|even-handed|aloof|distant|remote|reserved|withdrawn|unemotional|unfeeling|unsentimental|passionless|cold|cool|frigid|unresponsive|indifferent|unconcerned|formal|stiff|rigid|wooden|starchy|stilted|restrained|self-controlled|matter-of-fact|businesslike|clinical|stand-offish|gelid

origin:
late Middle English (in impersonal (sense 3)): from late Latin impersonalis, from Latin in- ‘not’ + personalis (see personal).


word: IMPERSONATE
russian_word: олицетворять
example: it's a very serious offence to impersonate a police officer
definition: pretend to be (another person) for entertainment or fraud.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːs(ə)neɪt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːs(ə)neɪt
synonyms:
imitate|mimic|do an impression of|ape|parody|caricature|burlesque|travesty|mock|satirize|lampoon|masquerade as|pose as|pass oneself off as|profess to be|purport to be|represent oneself as|take off|do|spoof|send up|make like|monkey|personate

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘personify’): from in-2 ‘into’ + Latin persona ‘person’, on the pattern of incorporate .


word: IMPERSONATION
russian_word: олицетворение
example: he did an impersonation of Fred Astaire
definition: an act of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˌpəːsəˈneɪʃn
phonetics_text: ɪmˌpəːsəˈneɪʃn|ɪmˌpəːsnˈeɪʃn
synonyms:
impression|imitation|parody|caricature|mockery|burlesque|travesty|lampoon|pastiche|take-off|send-up|spoof|personation


word: IMPERTINENCE
russian_word: дерзость
example: they gasped at the impertinence of the suggestion
definition: lack of respect; rudeness.
antonyms: politeness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːt(ə)nəns
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːt(ə)nəns|ɪmˈpəːtɪnəns
synonyms:
rudeness|insolence|impoliteness|unmannerliness|bad manners|lack of civility|discourtesy|discourteousness|disrespectfulness|incivility|impudence|cheek|cheekiness|audacity|temerity|effrontery|nerve|gall|boldness|brazenness|brashness|shamelessness|presumptuousness|presumption|forwardness|brass|brass neck|neck|face|front|cockiness|sauce|snash|sass|sassiness|nerviness|chutzpah|hide|crust|malapertness|procacity|assumption


word: IMPERTINENT
russian_word: дерзкий
example: an impertinent question|talk of ‘rhetoric’ and ‘strategy’ is impertinent to this process
definition: not showing proper respect; rude.|not pertinent to a particular matter; irrelevant.
antonyms: polite
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːtɪnənt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːtɪnənt
synonyms:
rude|insolent|impolite|unmannerly|ill-mannered|bad-mannered|uncivil|discourteous|disrespectful|impudent|cheeky|audacious|bold|brazen|brash|shameless|presumptuous|forward|pert|tactless|undiplomatic|unsubtle|personal|brass-necked|fresh|flip|saucy|sassy|nervy|malapert|contumelious|mannerless

origin:
late Middle English (in impertinent (sense 2)): from Old French, or from late Latin impertinent- ‘not having reference to’, from Latin in- ‘not’ + pertinere ‘pertain’.


word: IMPERTURBABLE
russian_word: невозмутимый
example: an imperturbable tranquillity
definition: unable to be upset or excited; calm.
antonyms: edgy|excitable
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin imperturbabilis, from in- ‘not’ + perturbare (see perturb).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪmpəˈtəːbəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪmpəˈtəːbəb(ə)l
synonyms:
self-possessed|composed|collected|calm|cool|and collected|as cool as a cucumber|cool-headed|self-controlled|poised|tranquil|serene|relaxed|easy-going|unexcitable|even-tempered|placid|sedate|phlegmatic|unperturbed|unflustered|untroubled|unbothered|unruffled|undismayed|unagitated|undisturbed|unmoved|nonchalant|at ease|unflappable|unfazed|together|laid-back|nonplussed|equanimous


word: IMPERVIOUS
russian_word: непроницаемый
example: an impervious layer of basaltic clay|he worked, apparently impervious to the heat
definition: not allowing fluid to pass through.|unable to be affected by.
antonyms: permeable
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin impervius (from in- ‘not’ + pervius ‘pervious’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəːvɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəːvɪəs
synonyms:
impermeable|impenetrable|impregnable|waterproof|watertight|water-resistant|water-repellent|sealed|hermetically sealed|imperviable


word: IMPETRATE
russian_word: вымолить
example: a slight testimonial which I thought fit to impetrate from that worthy nobleman
definition: request fervently; beg for.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪmpətreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpətreɪt
origin:
late 15th century: from Latin impetrat- ‘brought to pass’, from the verb impetrare (based on patrare ‘bring to pass’).


word: IMPETUOUS
russian_word: стремительный
example: she might live to rue this impetuous decision
definition: acting or done quickly and without thought or care.
antonyms: cautious|considered
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɛtjʊəs
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɛtjʊəs
synonyms:
impulsive|rash|hasty|overhasty|reckless|heedless|foolhardy|incautious|imprudent|injudicious|ill-conceived|ill-considered|unplanned|unreasoned|unthought-out|unthinking|spontaneous|impromptu|spur-of-the-moment|precipitate|precipitous|headlong|hurried|rushed

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French impetueux, from late Latin impetuosus, from impetere ‘to attack’.


word: IMPETUS
russian_word: импульс
example: hit the booster coil before the flywheel loses all its impetus
definition: the force or energy with which a body moves.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmpɪtəs
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpɪtəs
synonyms:
momentum|propulsion|impulsion|impelling force|motive force|driving force|drive|thrust|continuing motion|energy|force|power|push|steam|strength

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin, ‘assault, force’, from impetere ‘assail’, from in- ‘towards’ + petere ‘seek’.


word: IMPIETY
russian_word: непочтительность
example: he blamed the fall of the city on the impiety of the people
definition: lack of piety or reverence.
antonyms: piety|faith|good deed
origin: Middle English: from Old French impiete or Latin impietas, from impius ‘impious’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpʌɪɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpʌɪɪti
synonyms:
godlessness|ungodliness|unholiness|irreligion|sinfulness|sin|vice|immorality|unrighteousness|sacrilege|profaneness|irreverence|disrespect|apostasy|atheism|agnosticism|paganism|heathenism|non-belief|disbelief|unbelief|scepticism|doubt|transgression|wrongdoing|evil-doing|wrong|misdeed|misdemeanour|bad deed|act of wickedness|immoral act|fall from grace|profanity|blasphemy


word: IMPINGE
russian_word: посягать
example: several factors impinge on market efficiency
definition: have an effect, especially a negative one.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɪn(d)ʒ
synonyms:
affect|have an effect on|have a bearing on|touch|influence|exert influence on|make an impression on|make an impact on|leave a mark on

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin impingere ‘drive something in or at’, from in- ‘into’ + pangere ‘fix, drive’. The word originally meant ‘thrust at forcibly’, then ‘come into forcible contact’; hence ‘encroach’ (mid 18th century).


word: IMPIOUS
russian_word: нечестивый
example: the emperor's impious attacks on the Church
definition: showing a lack of respect for God or religion.
antonyms: pious
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin impius (from in- ‘not’ + pius : see pious) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpʌɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpʌɪəs|ˈɪmpɪəs
synonyms:
godless|ungodly|unholy|irreligious|sinful|immoral|unrighteous|sacrilegious|profane|blasphemous|irreverent|disrespectful|apostate|atheistic|non-theistic|agnostic|pagan|heathen|faithless|non-believing|unbelieving|disbelieving|doubting|nullifidian


word: IMPISH
russian_word: шаловливый
example: he had an impish look about him
definition: inclined to do slightly naughty things for fun; mischievous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪmpɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpɪʃ
synonyms:
mischievous|naughty|wicked|devilish|rascally|roguish|prankish|playful|waggish|mischief-making|full of mischief|troublemaking|sportive|elfin|elflike|elfish|elvish|pixieish|pixie-like|puckish|arch


word: IMPLACABLE
russian_word: непримиримый
example: he was an implacable enemy of Ted's
definition: unable to be appeased or placated.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin implacabilis, from in- ‘not’ + placabilis (see placable).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈplakəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplakəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unappeasable|unpacifiable|unplacatable|unmollifiable|unforgiving|unsparing|grudge-holding|inexorable|intransigent|adamant|determined|unshakeable|unswerving|unwavering|inflexible|unyielding|unbending|uncompromising|unrelenting|relentless|ruthless|remorseless|merciless|pitiless|heartless|cruel|hard|harsh|stern|steely|tough


word: IMPLANT
russian_word: имплантат
example: electrodes had been implanted in his brain
definition: insert or fix (tissue or an artificial object) in a person's body, especially by surgery.
antonyms: extract
synonyms: insert|embed|bury|lodge|place|put in place|install|introduce|graft|engraft
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic:
late Middle English: from late Latin implantare ‘engraft’, from Latin in- ‘into’ + plantare ‘to plant’.


word: IMPLAUSIBLE
russian_word: невероятный
example: this is a blatantly implausible claim
definition: (of an argument or statement) not seeming reasonable or probable; failing to convince.
antonyms: plausible|convincing
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈplɔːzɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɔːzɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unlikely|not likely|improbable|questionable|doubtful|debatable|hard to believe|unconvincing|far-fetched|unrealistic|incredible|unbelievable|unimaginable|inconceivable|fantastic|fanciful|ridiculous|absurd|preposterous|hard to swallow|cock and bull|tall


word: IMPLEMENT
russian_word: осуществлять
example: garden implements
part_of_speech: noun|verb
definition:
a tool, utensil, or other piece of equipment that is used for a particular purpose.|performance of an obligation.

synonyms:
tool|utensil|instrument|device|apparatus|contrivance|gadget|contraption|appliance|machine|labour-saving device|gizmo

phonetic:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘article of furniture, equipment, or dress’): partly from medieval Latin implementa (plural), partly from late Latin implementum ‘filling up, fulfilment’, both from Latin implere ‘fill up’ (later ‘employ’), from in- ‘in’ + Latin plere ‘fill’. The verb dates from the early 18th century.


word: IMPLEMENTATION
russian_word: реализация
example: she was responsible for the implementation of the plan
definition: the process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmplɪmɛnˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmplɪmɛnˈteɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
execution|application|carrying out|carrying through|performance|enactment|administration|fulfilment|fulfilling|discharge|accomplishment|achievement|realization|contrivance|prosecution|effecting|enforcement|imposition|effectuation


word: IMPLICATE
russian_word: впутывать
antonyms: absolve
synonyms: incriminate|compromise|involve|connect|embroil|enmesh|ensnare|expose|inculpate
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
he was implicated in a price-fixing scandal|by saying that coffee would keep her awake, Mary implicated that she didn't want any

definition:
show (someone) to be involved in a crime.|convey (a meaning) indirectly through what one says, rather than stating it explicitly.

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin implicatus ‘folded in’, past participle of implicare (see imply). The original sense was ‘entwine’; compare with employ and imply. The earliest modern (implicate (sense 2 of the verb)), dates from the early 17th century.


word: IMPLICATION
russian_word: вывод
example: the implication is that no one person at the bank is responsible|our implication in the problems
antonyms: explicit statement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the conclusion that can be drawn from something although it is not explicitly stated.|the action or state of being involved in something.

synonyms:
suggestion|inference|insinuation|innuendo|hint|intimation|imputation|indication|connotation|overtone|undertone|hidden meaning|secondary meaning

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘entwining, being entwined’): from Latin implicatio(n- ), from the verb implicare (see implicate).


word: IMPLICATURE
russian_word: импликатура
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmplɪˌkətʃə
phonetics_text: ˈɪmplɪˌkətʃə|ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪtʃə
definition:
the action of implying a meaning beyond the literal sense of what is explicitly stated, for example saying the frame is nice and implying I don't like the picture in it.


word: IMPLICIT
russian_word: неявный
antonyms: explicit|direct
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈplɪsɪt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɪsɪt
example:
comments seen as implicit criticism of the policies|the values implicit in the school ethos|an implicit faith in God

definition:
suggested though not directly expressed.|always to be found in; essentially connected with.|with no qualification or question; absolute.|(of a function) not expressed directly in terms of independent variables.

synonyms:
implied|indirect|inferred|understood|hinted|suggested|deducible|unspoken|unexpressed|undeclared|unstated|unsaid|tacit|unacknowledged|silent|taken for granted|taken as read|assumed|inherent|latent|underlying|inbuilt|incorporated|fundamental

origin:
late 16th century: from French implicite or Latin implicitus, later form of implicatus ‘entwined’, past participle of implicare (see imply).


word: IMPLICITLY
russian_word: косвенным образом
example: she implicitly suggested that he was responsible for the error|he trusted Sarah implicitly
definition: in a way that is not directly expressed; tacitly.|without qualification: absolutely.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪmˈplɪsɪtli
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɪsɪtli
synonyms:
completely|absolutely|totally|wholeheartedly|utterly|unconditionally|unreservedly|without reservation|without reserve|without qualification|one hundred per cent|all the way


word: IMPLODE
russian_word: взрываться
example: both the windows had imploded
definition: collapse or cause to collapse violently inwards.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpləʊd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpləʊd
origin:
late 19th century: from in-2 ‘within’ + Latin plodere, plaudere ‘to clap’, on the pattern of explode .


word: IMPLORE
russian_word: умолять
example: he implored her to change her mind
definition: beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something.
origin: early 16th century: from French implorer or Latin implorare ‘invoke with tears’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈplɔː
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɔː
synonyms:
plead with|beg|entreat|beseech|appeal to|pray|ask|request|solicit|supplicate|importune|call on|exhort|urge|enjoin|press|push|petition|encourage|bid|obtest|obsecrate|impetrate


word: IMPLOSIVE
russian_word: имплозийный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpləʊsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpləʊsɪv
definition:
formed by implosion; tending to implode.|denoting a type of consonant produced in the glottis with an ingressive air flow.


word: IMPLY
russian_word: подразумевать
example: salesmen who use jargon to imply superior knowledge
definition: indicate the truth or existence of (something) by suggestion rather than explicit reference.
antonyms: explicit|direct
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈplʌɪ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplʌɪ
synonyms:
implicit|indirect|hinted|suggested|insinuated|deducible|inferred|understood|oblique|unspoken|unexpressed|undeclared|unstated|unsaid|tacit|unacknowledged|not spelt out|silent|taken for granted|taken as read|assumed|insinuate|suggest|hint|intimate|implicate|say indirectly|indicate|give someone to understand|give someone to believe|convey the impression|signal|make out

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French emplier, from Latin implicare, from in- ‘in’ + plicare ‘to fold’. The original sense was ‘entwine’; in the 16th and 17th centuries the word also meant ‘employ’. Compare with employ and implicate.


word: IMPOLITE
russian_word: невежливый
example: it would have been impolite to refuse
definition: not having or showing good manners; rude.
antonyms: polite
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmpəˈlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪmpəˈlʌɪt
synonyms:
rude|bad-mannered|ill-mannered|unmannerly|discourteous|uncivil|disrespectful|inconsiderate|boorish|churlish|ill-bred|ungentlemanly|unladylike|ungracious|ungallant|insolent|impudent|impertinent|cheeky|pert|audacious|brassy|offensive|insulting|derogatory|loutish|rough|crude|unrefined|indelicate|indecorous|brash|vulgar|ignorant|fresh|lippy|malapert|contumelious|underbred|mannerless

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘unpolished’): from Latin impolitus, from in- ‘not’ + politus (see polite).


word: IMPOLITIC
russian_word: неразумный
example: it was impolitic to pay the slightest tribute to the enemy
definition: failing to possess or display prudence; unwise.
antonyms: prudent|wise
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɒlɪtɪk
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɒlɪtɪk
synonyms:
imprudent|unwise|injudicious|incautious|irresponsible|ill-judged|ill-advised|misguided|ill-considered|careless|rash|reckless|foolhardy|foolish|short-sighted|undiplomatic|indiscreet|indelicate|tactless


word: IMPORT
russian_word: импорт
definition: bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale.|indicate or signify.
antonyms: export
synonyms: buy from abroad|bring from abroad|bring in|buy in|ship in|source from abroad
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
supermarkets may no longer import cheap jeans from Bulgaria|having thus seen, what is imported in a Man's trusting his Heart

phonetic:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘signify’): from Latin importare ‘bring in’ (in medieval Latin ‘imply, mean, be of consequence’), from in- ‘in’ + portare ‘carry’.


word: IMPORTANCE
russian_word: важность
example: the importance of a good education
definition: the state or fact of being of great significance or value.
antonyms: unimportance|insignificance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)ns
synonyms:
significance|momentousness|import|consequence|note|noteworthiness|substance|value|seriousness|graveness|gravity|weightiness|urgency|power|influence|authority|sway|weight|dominance|prominence|eminence|pre-eminence|notability|worth|account|prestige|high rank|status|standing|stature|superiority|mark|fame|renown|greatness|grandness|clout|pull

origin:
early 16th century: from French, from medieval Latin importantia, from important- ‘being of consequence’, from the verb importare (see import).


word: IMPORTANT
russian_word: важный
example: important habitats for wildlife
definition: of great significance or value.
antonyms: unimportant|inessential|irrelevant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)nt
synonyms:
main|chief|principal|key|major|salient|prime|dominant|foremost|supreme|predominant|paramount|overriding|cardinal|crucial|vital|indispensable|critical|essential|significant|urgent|central|fundamental|basic|number-one|of value|valuable|valued|useful|of use|beneficial|necessary|of the essence|of concern|of interest|relevant|pertinent|material|germane

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin important- ‘being of consequence’, from the verb importare (see import).


word: IMPORTANTLY
russian_word: важно
definition: used to emphasize a significant point.|in a manner designed to draw attention to one's importance.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)ntli
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɔːt(ə)ntli
example:
a non-drinking, non-smoking, and, importantly, non-political sportsman|Kruger strutted forward importantly


word: IMPORTATION
russian_word: импорт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmpɔːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmpɔːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
example:
manufacturers fought to restrict the importation of cheap foreign goods|his avid importation of ideas from European and Asian thinkers

definition:
the bringing of goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.|the introduction of an idea from a different place or context.


word: IMPORTER
russian_word: импортер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɔːtə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɔːtə
example:
the EU is the largest importer of agricultural products from developing countries|people in underdeveloped regions have become clever importers of new knowledge

definition:
a person or organization that brings goods or services into a country from abroad for sale.|a person who introduces an idea from a different place or context.


word: IMPORTUNATE
russian_word: назойливый
example: importunate creditors
definition: persistent, especially to the point of annoyance.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɔːtjʊnət
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɔːtjʊnət
synonyms:
persistent|insistent|tenacious|persevering|dogged|unremitting|unrelenting|tireless|indefatigable|stubborn|intransigent|obstinate|obdurate|pressing|urgent|demanding|entreating|nagging|exacting|clamorous|clamant|aggressive|high-pressure|pushy|exigent|pertinacious|suppliant

origin:
early 16th century: from Latin importunus ‘inconvenient, unseasonable’, based on Portunus, the name of the god who protected harbours (from portus ‘harbour’); compare with opportune.


word: IMPORTUNE
russian_word: домогаться
example: reporters importuned him with pointed questions
definition: harass (someone) persistently for or to do something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌɪmpɔːˈtjuːn
phonetics_text: ˌɪmpɔːˈtjuːn
synonyms:
beg|beseech|entreat|implore|plead with|appeal to|apply to|call on|supplicate|solicit|petition|enjoin|harass|pester|beset|press|dun|badger|bother|torment|plague|hound|nag|harry|go on at|harp on at|mither|hassle|bug|obsecrate

origin:
mid 16th century: from French importuner or medieval Latin importunari, from Latin importunus ‘inconvenient, unseasonable’ (see importunate).


word: IMPOSE
russian_word: налагать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpəʊz
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəʊz
example:
the decision was theirs and was not imposed on them by others|she realized that she had imposed on Mark's kindness

definition:
force (an unwelcome decision or ruling) on someone.|take advantage of someone by demanding their attention or commitment.|arrange (pages of type) so as to be in the correct order after printing and folding.

synonyms:
foist|force|thrust|inflict|obtrude|press|urge|saddle someone with|land someone with|lumber someone with

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘impute’): from French imposer, from Latin imponere ‘inflict, deceive’ (from in- ‘in, upon’ + ponere ‘put’), but influenced by impositus ‘inflicted’ and Old French poser ‘to place’.


word: IMPOSING
russian_word: внушительный
example: an imposing 17th-century manor house
definition: grand and impressive in appearance.
antonyms: unimposing|modest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpəʊzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpəʊzɪŋ
synonyms:
impressive|striking|arresting|eye-catching|dramatic|spectacular|staggering|stunning|awesome|awe-inspiring|remarkable|formidable|splendid|grand|majestic|august|lofty|stately|dignified|resplendent


word: IMPOSITION
russian_word: введение
example: the imposition of martial law|I'd like to see you, if that wouldn't be too much of an imposition
origin: late Middle English: from Latin impositio(n- ), from the verb imponere (see impose).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmpəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmpəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action or process of imposing something or of being imposed.|a thing that is imposed, in particular an unfair or unwelcome demand or burden.|the imposing of pages of type.

synonyms:
imposing|foisting|forcing|inflicting|obtruding|pressing|levying|charging|exacting|application|applying|enforcement|enforcing|setting|establishment|fixing|laying|introduction|institution|decreeing|ordainment|enactment|promulgation|slapping|clapping


word: IMPOSSIBILITY
russian_word: невозможность
example: the impossibility of finding reliable staff
definition: the state or fact of being impossible.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˌpɒsɪˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmˌpɒsɪˈbɪlɪti
origin:
late Middle English: from French impossibilite or Latin impossibilitas, from impossibilis, from in- ‘not’ + possibilis (see possible).


word: IMPOSSIBLE
russian_word: невозможное
example: a seemingly impossible task
definition: not able to occur, exist, or be done.
antonyms: possible|easy|attainable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɒsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɒsɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
not possible|out of the question|not worth considering|unfeasible|impractical|impracticable|non-viable|unworkable|beyond one|unthinkable|unimaginable|inconceivable|paradoxical|illogical|irrational|undoable|like herding cats|unattainable|unachievable|unobtainable|hopeless|implausible|far-fetched|forlorn|vain|incredible|unbelievable|absurd|ludicrous|ridiculous|laughable|risible|preposterous|outlandish|outrageous|wild|hare-brained

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin impossibilis, from in- ‘not’ + possibilis (see possible).


word: IMPOST
russian_word: импост
example: some of the labels are used for the purpose of collecting Customs duty or other imposts
definition: a tax or similar compulsory payment.|the weight carried by a horse as a handicap.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmpəʊst
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpəʊst
origin:
mid 16th century: from French (earlier form of impôt ), from medieval Latin impostus, from Latin impositus, past participle of imponere (see impose).


word: IMPOSTOR
russian_word: самозванец
example: the charity has warned anyone approached by the impostor to contact police immediately
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɒstə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɒstə
definition:
a person who pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others, especially for fraudulent gain.

synonyms:
impersonator|masquerader|pretender|deceiver|hoaxer|fake|fraud|sham|humbug|charlatan|quack|mountebank|trickster|fraudster|swindler|hoodwinker|bluffer|deluder|duper|cheat|cheater|defrauder|exploiter|rogue|wolf in sheep's clothing|phoney|con man|con artist|flimflammer|flimflam man|confidence man/woman

origin:
late 16th century (in early use spelled imposture, and sometimes confused with imposture in meaning): from French imposteur, from late Latin impostor, contraction of impositor, from Latin imponere (see impose).


word: IMPOSTURE
russian_word: обман
example: I discovered the imposture as soon as her doppelgänger arrived
definition: an instance of pretending to be someone else in order to deceive others.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpɒstʃə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɒstʃə
synonyms:
misrepresentation|pretence|deceit|deception|duping|cheating|trickery|artifice|subterfuge|hoax|trick|ruse|dodge|blind|wile|fraudulence|fraud|swindling|charlatanry|quackery|con|con trick|scam|sting|flimflam|kidology|wheeze|codology

origin:
mid 16th century: via French from late Latin impostura, from Latin imposit- ‘imposed upon’, from the verb imponere (see impose).


word: IMPOTENCE
russian_word: импотенция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmpət(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpət(ə)ns
example:
people speak constantly of their social and political impotence|few men suffering from impotence feel confident enough to ask their GP for advice

definition:
inability to take effective action; helplessness.|inability in a man to achieve an erection or orgasm.


word: IMPOTENT
russian_word: импотент
example: he was seized with an impotent anger|he was on medication which had made him impotent
antonyms: powerful|effective|strong
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪmpət(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpət(ə)nt
definition:
unable to take effective action; helpless or powerless.|(of a man) abnormally unable to achieve an erection or orgasm.

synonyms:
powerless|ineffective|ineffectual|inadequate|weak|useless|worthless|vain|futile|unavailing|unsuccessful|profitless|fruitless|impuissant|lame|feeble|effete|past it

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin impotent- ‘powerless’, from in- ‘not’ + potent- (see potent1).


word: IMPOUND
russian_word: конфисковать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpaʊnd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpaʊnd
example:
vehicles parked where they cause an obstruction will be impounded|the cattle were rounded up and impounded|it will impound a reservoir 130 miles long

definition:
seize and take legal custody of (something, especially a vehicle, goods, or documents) because of an infringement of a law.|shut up (domestic animals) in a pound or enclosure.|(of a dam) hold back (water).

synonyms:
confiscate|appropriate|take possession of|seize|commandeer|expropriate|requisition|sequester|sequestrate|take|distrain|disseize|attach|poind


word: IMPOVERISH
russian_word: обеднять
example: the wars had impoverished him
definition: make (a person or area) poor.
antonyms: make wealthy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpɒv(ə)rɪʃ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɒv(ə)rɪʃ
synonyms:
make poor|make penniless|reduce to penury|reduce to destitution|bring to ruin|bring someone to their knees|bankrupt|ruin|make insolvent|wipe out|clean out|break|cripple|pauperize|beggar

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as empoverish ): from Old French empoveriss-, lengthened stem of empoverir, based on povre ‘poor’.


word: IMPOVERISHED
russian_word: обедневший
example: impoverished villages
definition: (of a person or area) made poor.
antonyms: rich|wealthy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt
synonyms:
poor|poverty-stricken|penniless|penurious|destitute|indigent|impecunious|needy|pauperized|in want|in need|down and out|on the breadline|bankrupt|ruined|insolvent|wiped out|cleaned out|broken|without a penny to one's name|broke|flat broke|on one's uppers|strapped (for cash)|bust|hard up|without a bean|without a sou|as poor as a church mouse|on skid row|stony broke|skint|without a shot in one's locker|on one's beam ends|boracic (lint)|stone broke|without a red cent|beggared


word: IMPRACTICABLE
russian_word: невыполнимый
example: it was impracticable to widen the road here
definition: (of a course of action) impossible in practice to do or carry out.
antonyms: workable|feasible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpraktɪkəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpraktɪkəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unworkable|non-viable|impossible to carry out|unfeasible|inoperable|out of the question|not worth considering|unachievable|unattainable|unrealizable|impractical|undoable|like herding cats


word: IMPRECATION
russian_word: проклятие
example: I pushed my way through, screaming imprecations
definition: a spoken curse.
antonyms: bless
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmprɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmprɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
curse|malediction|anathema|hex|cess|execration|malison|ban|swear word|expletive|oath|profanity|four-letter word|obscenity|epithet|dirty word|swearing|cursing|blaspheming|blasphemy|sacrilege|bad language|foul language|strong language|colourful language|cuss word

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin imprecatio(n- ), from imprecari ‘invoke (evil)’, from in- ‘towards’ + precari ‘pray’.


word: IMPRECISE
russian_word: неточный
example: the witness could give only vague and imprecise descriptions
definition: lacking exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
antonyms: precise|narrow|exact
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmprɪˈsʌɪs
phonetics_text: ɪmprɪˈsʌɪs
synonyms:
vague|loose|indefinite|inexplicit|indistinct|non-specific|unspecific|coarse-grained|broad|general|sweeping|hazy|fuzzy|blurred|unfocused|woolly|nebulous|confused|ambiguous|equivocal|uncertain|non-committal|inexact|approximate|estimated|rough|inaccurate|incorrect|wrong|erroneous|wide of the mark|off target|out|ballpark


word: IMPREGNABLE
russian_word: неприступный
example: a massive and impregnable fortress
definition: (of a fortified position) unable to be captured or broken into.
antonyms: vulnerable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛɡnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛɡnəb(ə)l
synonyms:
invulnerable|impenetrable|unattackable|unassailable|inviolable|secure|strong|stout|safe|fortress-like|well fortified|well defended|invincible|unconquerable|unbeatable|indestructible

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French imprenable, from in- ‘not’ + prendre ‘take’ (from Latin prehendere ). The current spelling arose in the 16th century, perhaps influenced by Old French variants.


word: IMPREGNATE
russian_word: пропитывать
definition: soak or saturate (something) with a substance.|make (a woman or female animal) pregnant.
synonyms: infuse|soak|steep|saturate|drench|permeate|suffuse|imbue|pervade|fill|load|charge
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪmprɛɡneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmprɛɡneɪt
example:
wood which had been impregnated with preservative|he was obliged to marry the woman he'd impregnated

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘fill’; earlier (Middle English) as impregnation ): from late Latin impregnat- ‘made pregnant’, from the verb impregnare .


word: IMPRESARIO
russian_word: импресарио
definition: a person who organizes and often finances concerts, plays, or operas.
origin: mid 18th century: from Italian, from impresa ‘undertaking’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmprɪˈsɑːrɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˌɪmprɪˈsɑːrɪəʊ
synonyms:
organizer|manager|producer|stage manager|promotor|publicist|showman|controller|arranger|fixer|financier|money man|director|conductor|maestro


word: IMPRESCRIPTIBLE
russian_word: неотъемлемый
example: inalienable and imprescriptible rights
definition: (of rights) not subject to being taken away by prescription or by lapse of time.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪmprɪˈskrɪptɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪmprɪˈskrɪptɪb(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from medieval Latin imprescriptibilis, from in- ‘not’ + Latin praescript- (from praescribere ‘prescribe’).


word: IMPRESS
russian_word: впечатление
antonyms: disappoint
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
they immediately impressed the judges|the company should impress the cards with a stamp|nobody impressed on me the need to save

definition:
make (someone) feel admiration and respect.|make a mark or design on (an object) using a stamp or seal.|fix an idea in the mind of (someone).|apply (an electric current or potential) from an external source.

synonyms:
make an impression on|have an impact on|influence|affect|leave a mark on|move|stir|rouse|excite|inspire|galvanize|dazzle|overcome|overwhelm|overpower|awe|overawe|take someone's breath away|take someone aback|amaze|astonish|feel admiration|feel respect|grab|stick in someone's mind

phonetic:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘apply with pressure’): from Old French empresser, from em- ‘in’ + presser ‘to press’, influenced by Latin imprimere (see imprint). impress1 (sense 1 of the verb) dates from the mid 18th century.


word: IMPRESSED
russian_word: впечатленный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛst
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛst
example:
I was very impressed with the results|the saddle was handsomely decorated with an impressed design of leaves and flowers|the total impressed voltage

definition:
feeling or showing admiration or respect for someone or something.|(of a mark) applied to something using pressure.|(of an electric current or potential) applied from an external source.


word: IMPRESSION
russian_word: впечатление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)n
example:
his first impressions of Manchester were very positive|he did an impression of Shirley Bassey|the impression of his body on the leaves

definition:
an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone, especially one formed without conscious thought or on the basis of little evidence.|an imitation of a person or thing, done to entertain.|a mark impressed on a surface.|the printing of a number of copies of a book, periodical, or picture for issue at one time.|an instance of a pop-up or other online advertisement being seen on an internet user's monitor.

synonyms:
feeling|sense|fancy|suspicion|sneaking suspicion|inkling|intuition|hunch|apprehension|notion|idea|thought|belief|opinion|conviction|funny feeling|gut feeling|feeling in one's bones|sixth sense|view|conception|image|picture|perception|judgement|verdict|estimation

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin impressio(n- ), from impress- ‘pressed in’, from the verb imprimere (see imprint).


word: IMPRESSIONABLE
russian_word: впечатлительный
example: children are highly impressionable and susceptible to advertising
definition: easily influenced.
antonyms: unimpressionable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)nəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)nəb(ə)l
synonyms:
easily influenced|easily led|suggestible|susceptible|receptive|persuadable|pliable|malleable|pliant|mouldable|vulnerable|exploitable|ingenuous|trusting|naive|credulous|gullible

origin:
mid 19th century: from French, from impressionner, from Latin impressio(n- ), from the verb imprimere ‘press into’ (see imprint).


word: IMPRESSIONISM
russian_word: импрессионизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)nɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)nɪz(ə)m
definition:
a style or movement in painting originating in France in the 1860s, characterized by a concern with depicting the visual impression of the moment, especially in terms of the shifting effect of light and colour.

origin:
from French impressionnisme, from impressionniste, originally applied unfavourably with reference to Monet's painting Impression: soleil levant (1872).


word: IMPRESSIONIST
russian_word: импрессионист
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)nɪst
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛʃ(ə)nɪst
definition:
a painter, writer, or composer who is an exponent of impressionism.|an entertainer who impersonates famous people.


word: IMPRESSIVE
russian_word: впечатляющий
example: an impressive view of the mountains
definition: evoking admiration through size, quality, or skill; grand, imposing, or awesome.
antonyms: unimpressive|ordinary|mediocre
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɛsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɛsɪv
synonyms:
magnificent|majestic|imposing|splendid|spectacular|grand|august|awe-inspiring|stirring|stunning|breathtaking|stately|monumental|palatial|noble|dignified|admirable|accomplished|expert|skilled|skilful|masterly|consummate|excellent|formidable|outstanding|first-class|first-rate|fine|great|mean|nifty|cracking|crack|stellar|ace|wizard|amazeballs|crackerjack|badass


word: IMPREST
russian_word: аванс
example: this petty cash is kept on the imprest system
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmprɛst
phonetics_text: ˈɪmprɛst
definition:
a fund used by a business for small items of expenditure and restored to a fixed amount periodically.

origin:
mid 16th century: from the earlier phrase in prest  ‘as a loan’, influenced by Italian or medieval Latin imprestare ‘lend’.


word: IMPRIMATUR
russian_word: санкция
example: the imprimatur for this edition was granted by Cardinal O'Casey
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, ‘let it be printed’, from the verb imprimere (see imprint).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmprɪˈmeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌɪmprɪˈmeɪtə|ˌɪmprɪˈmɑːtə|ˌɪmprɪˈmɑːtʊə
definition:
an official licence issued by the Roman Catholic Church to print an ecclesiastical or religious book.


word: IMPRINT
russian_word: отпечаток
example: tyre marks were imprinted in the snow|the bird thought I was its mother and imprinted on me
synonyms: stamp|punch|print|impress|mark|engrave|deboss|etch|emboss
part_of_speech: verb|noun
definition:
impress or stamp (a mark or outline) on a surface.|(of a young animal) come to recognize (another animal, person, or thing) as a parent or other object of habitual trust.

phonetic:
late Middle English (originally as emprint ): from Old French empreinter, based on Latin imprimere, from in- ‘into’ + premere ‘to press’.


word: IMPRISON
russian_word: сажать в тюрьму
example: he was imprisoned three times for his activities
definition: put or keep in prison or a place like a prison.
antonyms: free|release
origin: Middle English emprison, from Old French emprisoner, from em- ‘in’ + prison .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈprɪz(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɪz(ə)n
synonyms:
incarcerate|put in prison|send to prison|jail|lock up|take into custody|put under lock and key|put away|intern|confine|detain|hold prisoner|hold captive|hold|put into detention|put in chains|put in irons|clap in irons|send down|put behind bars|put inside|bang someone up|immure|incarcerated|in prison|in jail|jailed|locked up|in custody|under lock and key|interned|confined|detained|held prisoner|captive|held captive|in chains|in irons|clapped in irons|sent down|behind bars|doing time|inside|away|doing porridge|doing bird|banged up|immured


word: IMPRISONMENT
russian_word: лишение свободы
example: he was sentenced to two months' imprisonment
definition: the state of being imprisoned; captivity.
antonyms: freedom
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈprɪz(ə)nm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɪz(ə)nm(ə)nt
synonyms:
incarceration|internment|confinement|detention|custody|captivity|penal servitude|hard labour|time|porridge|bird|chokey|durance|duress


word: IMPROBABILITY
russian_word: невероятность
example: his belief in the improbability of war in Europe
definition: the quality of being improbable; unlikelihood.
antonyms: probability|certainty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˌprɒbəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmˌprɒbəˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
unlikelihood|implausibility|doubtfulness|uncertainty|dubiousness|unthinkability|inconceivability|incredibility


word: IMPROBABLE
russian_word: невероятный
example: this account of events was seen by the jury as most improbable
definition: not likely to be true or to happen.
antonyms: probable|certain
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɒbəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɒbəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unlikely|not likely|doubtful|dubious|debatable|questionable|uncertain|difficult to believe|implausible|far-fetched|fanciful|unthinkable|inconceivable|unimaginable|unimagined|incredible

origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from Latin improbabilis ‘hard to prove’, from in- ‘not’ + probabilis (see probable).


word: IMPROBITY
russian_word: бесчестность
definition: lack of honesty and moral integrity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈprəʊbɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprəʊbɪti|ɪmˈprɒbɪti
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin improbitas, from improbus ‘wicked’, from in- ‘not’ + probus ‘good’. Compare with probity.


word: IMPROMPTU
russian_word: экспромт
example: an impromptu press conference
definition: done without being planned, organized, or rehearsed.
antonyms: prepared|rehearsed
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈprɒm(p)tjuː
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɒm(p)tjuː
synonyms:
unrehearsed|unprepared|unscripted|extempore|extemporized|improvised|improvisational|improvisatory|improvisatorial|spontaneous|unstudied|unpremeditated|unarranged|unplanned|on the spot|snap|ad lib|ad hoc|thrown together|cobbled together|rough and ready|ad libitum|off-the-cuff|spur-of-the-moment|extemporaneous|spontaneously|without preparation|without rehearsal|on the spur of the moment|offhand|off the cuff|off the top of one's head|extemporaneously

origin:
mid 17th century (as an adverb): from French, from Latin in promptu ‘in readiness’, from promptus (see prompt).


word: IMPROPER
russian_word: неподходящий
example: the improper use of public funds
definition: not in accordance with accepted standards, especially of morality or honesty.
antonyms: acceptable|proper|decent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɒpə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɒpə
synonyms:
inappropriate|unacceptable|unsuitable|unprofessional|irregular|illegitimate|against the rules|unethical|corrupt|immoral|dishonest|dishonourable|unscrupulous|crooked|not cricket|indecent|risqué|off colour|indelicate|suggestive|naughty|ribald|earthy|Rabelaisian|smutty|dirty|filthy|vulgar|crude|rude|obscene|lewd|pornographic|blue|raunchy|steamy|near the knuckle/bone|nudge-nudge|fruity|saucy

origin:
late Middle English: from French impropre or Latin improprius, from in- ‘not’ + proprius ‘one's own, proper’.


word: IMPROPRIATE
russian_word: передавать церковные владения светским лицам
example: the rectory itself was impropriated to the convent
definition: grant (an ecclesiastical benefice) to a corporation or person as their property.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈprəʊprɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprəʊprɪeɪt
origin:
early 16th century: from Anglo-Latin impropriat- ‘appropriated’, from the verb impropriare, based on Latin proprius ‘one's own, proper’.


word: IMPROPRIETY
russian_word: неуместность
example: she was scandalized at the impropriety of the question
definition: failure to observe standards of honesty or modesty; improper behaviour or character.
antonyms: propriety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪmprəˈprʌɪəti
phonetics_text: ˌɪmprəˈprʌɪəti
synonyms:
wrongdoing|misconduct|dishonesty|corruption|unscrupulousness|illegitimacy|unprofessionalism|irregularity|inappropriateness|unseemliness|indecorousness|indiscretion|indelicacy|injudiciousness|indecency|immorality|unwholesomeness|immodesty|indecorum|bad taste|impoliteness|transgression|misdemeanour|offence|misdeed|improper act|sin|crime|felony|mistake|slip|error|blunder|lapse|peccadillo|trespass

origin:
early 17th century (also in the sense ‘inaccuracy’): from French impropriété or Latin improprietas, from improprius (see improper).


word: IMPROVE
russian_word: улучшать
example: efforts to improve relations between the countries
definition: make or become better.
antonyms: worsen|impair|deteriorate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpruːv
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpruːv
synonyms:
make better|better|ameliorate|upgrade|refine|enhance|boost|build on|help|raise|revamp|brush up|polish up|perk up|tweak|give a facelift to|meliorate|get better|become better|advance|progress|develop|make headway|come along|make progress|take steps forward|pick up|rally|make strides|look up

origin:
early 16th century (as emprowe or improwe ): from Anglo-Norman French emprower (based on Old French prou ‘profit’, ultimately from Latin prodest ‘is of advantage’); -owe was changed to -ove under the influence of prove. The original sense was ‘make a profit, increase the value of’; subsequently ‘make greater in amount or degree’.


word: IMPROVEMENT
russian_word: улучшение
example: an improvement in East–West relations
definition: an example of improving or being improved.
antonyms: deterioration
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpruːvm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpruːvm(ə)nt
synonyms:
advance|development|upgrade|change for the better|refinement|enhancement|furtherance|advancement|forwarding|boost|augmentation|raising|correction|rectification|rectifying|upgrading|amelioration|rally|recovery|upswing|breakthrough

origin:
late Middle English emprowement (in the sense ‘profitable management or use; profit’), from Anglo-Norman French, from emprower (see improve).


word: IMPROVIDENT
russian_word: непредусмотрительный
example: improvident and undisciplined behaviour
definition: not having or showing foresight; spendthrift or thoughtless.
antonyms: thrifty|cautious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈprɒvɪd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈprɒvɪd(ə)nt
synonyms:
spendthrift|thriftless|unthrifty|wasteful|prodigal|profligate|extravagant|squandering|uneconomical|free-spending|lavish|immoderate|excessive|shiftless|feckless|imprudent|irresponsible|incautious|careless|reckless|rash|impetuous|hasty|thoughtless


word: IMPROVISE
russian_word: импровизировать
example: he invited actors to improvise dialogue
definition: create and perform (music, drama, or verse) spontaneously or without preparation.
antonyms: prepared|rehearsed
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪmprəvʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɪmprəvʌɪz
synonyms:
extemporize|ad lib|speak impromptu|make it up as one goes along|think on one's feet|take it as it comes|speak off the cuff|play it by ear|busk it|wing it|impromptu|improvisational|improvisatory|unrehearsed|unprepared|unscripted|extempore|extemporized|spontaneous|unstudied|unpremeditated|unarranged|unplanned|on the spot|ad libitum|off-the-cuff|spur of the moment|improvisatorial

origin:
early 19th century (earlier (late 18th century) as improvisation ): from French improviser or its source, Italian improvvisare, from improvviso ‘extempore’, from Latin improvisus ‘unforeseen’, based on provisus, past participle of providere ‘make preparation for’.


word: IMPRUDENT
russian_word: неосторожный
example: it would be imprudent to leave her winter coat behind
definition: not showing care for the consequences of an action; rash.
antonyms: prudent|sensible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpruːd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpruːd(ə)nt
synonyms:
unwise|injudicious|incautious|unwary|ill-considered|ill-judged|ill-conceived|impolitic|misguided|ill-advised|thoughtless|unthinking|improvident|irresponsible|short-sighted|foolish|careless|hasty|overhasty|rash|reckless|heedless|foolhardy

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin imprudent- ‘not foreseeing’, from in- ‘not’ + prudent- (see prudent).


word: IMPUDENCE
russian_word: наглость
example: his arrogance and impudence had offended many
definition: the quality of being impudent; impertinence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmpjʊd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpjʊd(ə)ns
synonyms:
impertinence|insolence|effrontery|cheek|audacity|temerity|brazenness|shamelessness|immodesty|pertness|presumption|presumptuousness|disrespect|insubordination|irreverence|flippancy|bumptiousness|brashness|boldness|rudeness|impoliteness|ill manners|bad manners|unmannerliness|discourteousness|gall|ill breeding|freshness|cockiness|brass neck|sauce|sauciness|lip|mouth|face|nerve|sassiness|chutzpah|nerviness


word: IMPUDENT
russian_word: наглый
example: he could have strangled this impudent upstart
definition: not showing due respect for another person; impertinent.
antonyms: polite|respectful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪmpjʊd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpjʊd(ə)nt
synonyms:
impertinent|insolent|cheeky|audacious|brazen|shameless|immodest|pert|presumptuous|forward|disrespectful|insubordinate|irreverent|flippant|bumptious|brash|bold|bold as brass|rude|impolite|ill-mannered|bad-mannered|unmannerly|discourteous|insulting|ill-bred|fresh|cocky|brass-necked|saucy|lippy|mouthy|flip|sassy|nervy|malapert|contumelious

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘immodest, indelicate’): from Latin impudent-, from in- ‘not’ + pudent- ‘ashamed, modest’ (from pudere ‘be ashamed’).


word: IMPUGN
russian_word: оспаривать
example: the father does not impugn her capacity as a good mother
definition: dispute the truth, validity, or honesty of (a statement or motive); call into question.
antonyms: support
synonyms: call into question|challenge|question|dispute|query|take issue with|impeach
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpjuːn
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpjuːn
origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘assault, attack physically’): from Latin impugnare ‘assail’, from in- ‘towards’ + pugnare ‘fight’.


word: IMPULSE
russian_word: импульс
synonyms: urge|instinct|drive|compulsion|need|itch|whim|caprice|desire|fancy|notion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪmpʌls
phonetics_text: ˈɪmpʌls
example:
I had an almost irresistible impulse to giggle|an added impulse to this process of renewal|nerve impulses|ability to communicate motion by impulse

definition:
a sudden strong and unreflective urge or desire to act.|something that causes something to happen or happen more quickly; an impetus.|a pulse of electrical energy; a brief current.|a force acting briefly on a body and producing a finite change of momentum.

origin:
early 17th century (as a verb in the sense ‘give an impulse to’): the verb from Latin impuls- ‘driven on’, the noun from impulsus ‘impulsion’, both from the verb impellere (see impel).


word: IMPULSION
russian_word: импульс
example: the impulsion of the singers to govern the pace
definition: a strong urge to do something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpʌlʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpʌlʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘the action or an instance of impelling’): via Old French from Latin impulsio(n- ), from the verb impellere (see impel).


word: IMPULSIVE
russian_word: импульсивный
example: they'd married as impulsive teenagers|the approaching waves contain an impulsive component
definition: acting or done without forethought.|acting as an impulse.
antonyms: cautious|premeditated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpʌlsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpʌlsɪv
synonyms:
impetuous|spontaneous|hasty|passionate|emotional|uninhibited|unrepressed|abandoned|rash|reckless|foolhardy|madcap|devil-may-care|daredevil|hot-headed|wild|daring|adventurous|impromptu|snap|unpremeditated|spur-of-the-moment|extemporaneous|precipitate|headlong|incautious|imprudent|injudicious|sudden|quick|ill-considered|ill-thought-out|unplanned|thoughtless|unthinking

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘tending to impel’): from French impulsif, -ive or late Latin impulsivus, from Latin impuls- ‘driven onwards’ (see impulse). impulsive (sense 1) dates from the mid 18th century.


word: IMPUNITY
russian_word: безнаказанность
example: the impunity enjoyed by military officers implicated in civilian killings
definition: exemption from punishment or freedom from the injurious consequences of an action.
antonyms: liability|responsibility
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpjuːnɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpjuːnɪti
synonyms:
immunity|indemnity|exemption from punishment|freedom from punishment|exemption|non-liability|licence|amnesty|dispensation|pardon|reprieve|stay of execution|exoneration|privilege|special treatment|favouritism|carte blanche|unpunished|with no ill consequences|with no ill effects|without being punished|without punishment|scot-free

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin impunitas, from impunis ‘unpunished’, from in- ‘not’ + poena ‘penalty’ or punire ‘punish’.


word: IMPURE
russian_word: нечистый
example: an impure form of heroin|citizens suspected of harbouring impure thoughts
definition: mixed with foreign matter; adulterated.|morally wrong, especially in sexual matters.
antonyms: pure
synonyms: adulterated|mixed|combined|blended|alloyed|debased|degraded|defiled|admixed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpjʊə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpjʊə|ɪmˈpjɔː
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘dirty, containing offensive matter’): from Latin impurus, from in- ‘not’ + purus ‘pure’.


word: IMPURITY
russian_word: примесь
example: a struggle to rid the soul of sin and impurity
definition: the state or quality of being impure.
antonyms: purity|cleanliness|chastity
origin: late Middle English: from French impurite or Latin impuritas, from impurus (see impure).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈpjʊərɪti
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpjʊərɪti
synonyms:
adulteration|debasement|degradation|contamination|pollution|dirtiness|filthiness|uncleanliness|foulness|unwholesomeness|feculence|immorality|corruption|sin|sinfulness|vice|wickedness|dishonour|depravity|degeneracy|debauchery|dissolution|unchastity|lustfulness|lechery|lecherousness|lewdness|lasciviousness|prurience|obscenity|indecency|wantonness|ribaldry|smut|smuttiness|impropriety|crudity|crudeness|vulgarity|coarseness|grossness|concupiscence


word: IMPUTATION
russian_word: обвинение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmpjuːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmpjuːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
example:
there are grounds for inquiring into the imputations of misconduct against him|the imputation of interest will increase her taxable income

definition:
a charge or claim that someone has done something undesirable; an accusation.|the assignment of a value to something by inference from the value of the products or processes to which it contributes.


word: IMPUTE
russian_word: вменять
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpjuːt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpjuːt
example:
the crimes imputed to Richard|by imputing the interest rates they potentially introduce a measurement error

definition:
represent (something, especially something undesirable) as being done or possessed by someone; attribute.|assign (a value) to something by inference from the value of the products or processes to which it contributes.

synonyms:
attribute|ascribe|assign|credit|accredit|chalk up|connect with|associate with|lay on|lay at the door of|pin on|stick on

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French imputer, from Latin imputare ‘enter in the account’, from in- ‘in, towards’ + putare ‘reckon’.


word: IMPUTED
russian_word: вмененный
example: recovering the initial outlay plus imputed interest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈpjuːtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpjuːtɪd
definition:
(of a value) assigned to something by inference from the value of the products or processes to which it contributes; estimated.


word: IN
russian_word: в
antonyms: outside
synonyms: inside|within|in the middle of|within the bounds/confines of|surrounded by|enclosed by
part_of_speech: preposition|adverb|adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪn
phonetics_text: ɪn
example:
I'm living in London|they met in 1885|I'll see you in fifteen minutes|to be in love|I read it in a book|she works in publishing|say it in French|in planning public expenditure it is better to be prudent|a local income tax running at six pence in the pound

definition:
expressing the situation of something that is or appears to be enclosed or surrounded by something else.|expressing a period of time during which an event happens or a situation remains the case.|expressing the length of time before a future event is expected to happen.|(often followed by a noun without a determiner) expressing a state or condition.|expressing inclusion or involvement.|indicating someone's occupation or profession.|indicating the language or medium used.|as an integral part of (an activity).|expressing a value as a proportion of (a whole).

origin:
Old English in (preposition), inn, inne (adverb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German in (preposition), German ein (adverb), from an Indo-European root shared by Latin in and Greek en .


word: INABILITY
russian_word: неспособность
example: his inability to accept new ideas
definition: the state of being unable to do something.
antonyms: ability
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnəˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
lack of ability|incapability|incapacity|powerlessness|impotence|helplessness|incompetence|ineptitude|inaptitude|unfitness|ineffectiveness|uselessness|inefficacy|insufficiency


word: INACCESSIBLE
russian_word: недоступный
antonyms: accessible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnəkˈsɛsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnəkˈsɛsɪb(ə)l
example:
a remote and inaccessible cave|‘High’ culture is largely inaccessible to the masses|her unassailable, inaccessible image

definition:
unable to be reached.|(of language or an artistic work) difficult to understand or appreciate.|(of a person) not open to advances or influence; unapproachable.

synonyms:
unreachable|out of reach|beyond reach|cut-off|isolated|remote|in the middle of nowhere|in the back of beyond|out of the way|off the map|lonely|godforsaken|secluded|sequestered|unget-at-able|unapproachable

origin:
late Middle English: from French, or from late Latin inaccessibilis, from in- ‘not’ + accessibilis (see accessible).


word: INACCURACY
russian_word: неточность
example: a weapon of notorious inaccuracy
definition: the quality or state of not being accurate.
antonyms: accuracy|correctness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈakjʊrəsi
phonetics_text: ɪnˈakjʊrəsi
synonyms:
incorrectness|inexactness|inexactitude|imprecision|erroneousness|mistakenness|fallaciousness|faultiness


word: INACCURATE
russian_word: неточный
example: false or inaccurate descriptions of goods
definition: not accurate.
antonyms: accurate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈakjʊrət
phonetics_text: ɪnˈakjʊrət
synonyms:
inexact|imprecise|incorrect|wrong|erroneous|faulty|imperfect|flawed|defective|unsound|unreliable|out|adrift|wide of the mark|off target|fallacious|false|mistaken|untrue|not true|not right|falsified|distorted|garbled|off beam|full of holes


word: INACTION
russian_word: бездействие
example: future generations will condemn us for inaction
definition: lack of action where some is expected or appropriate.
antonyms: action
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈakʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
inactivity|passivity|non-intervention|neglect|negligence|disregard|apathy|inertia|indolence|laziness|idleness|sloth|slothfulness|sluggishness|lethargy|torpor


word: INACTIVATE
russian_word: инактивировать
example: household bleach does not inactivate the virus
definition: make inactive or inoperative.
antonyms: activate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈaktɪveɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈaktɪveɪt
synonyms:
disable|deactivate|render inactive|make inoperative|prevent from working|halt|stop|immobilize|scupper


word: INACTIVE
russian_word: неактивный
example: an inactive lifestyle
definition: not engaging in or involving any or much physical activity.
antonyms: active
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈaktɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈaktɪv
synonyms:
idle|indolent|lazy|lifeless|slothful|lethargic|inert|slow|sluggish|stagnant|dozy|unenergetic|listless|languishing|vegetating|torpid|immobile


word: INACTIVITY
russian_word: бездействие
example: don't suddenly take up violent exercise after years of inactivity
definition: the state of being inactive; idleness.
antonyms: activity|action
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnakˈtɪvɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪnakˈtɪvɪti
synonyms:
idleness|indolence|laziness|lifelessness|slothfulness|shiftlessness|lethargy|inertia|slowness|sluggishness|stagnancy|doziness|listlessness|immobility|dolce far niente|inaction|passivity|dormancy|non-intervention|laissez-faire|neglect|negligence|disregard|apathy


word: IN ACTUAL FACT
russian_word: в действительности
example: people talk as if he was a monster—in actual fact he was a very kind guy
definition: used to emphasize a comment that modifies or contradicts a previous statement.
synonyms:
really|in fact|in actuality|in point of fact|as a matter of fact|in reality|actually|in truth|if truth be told|to tell the truth|indeed|truly|in sooth|verily|in the concrete


word: IN ADDITION
russian_word: кроме того
example: members of the board were paid a small allowance in addition to their normal salary
definition: as an extra person or thing.
synonyms:
additionally|as well|what's more|besides|furthermore|moreover|also|into the bargain|to boot|as well as|on top of|along with|plus|over and above|other than|apart from|excepting|with the exception of|excluding|not including|barring|bar|save (for)|omitting|leaving out|not to mention|to say nothing of


word: INADEQUACY
russian_word: неадекватность
example: the inadequacy of available resources
definition: the state or quality of being inadequate; lack of the quantity or quality required.
antonyms: abundance|surplus|competence|strong point
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈadɪkwəsi
phonetics_text: ɪnˈadɪkwəsi
synonyms:
insufficiency|deficiency|scantness|scarcity|scarceness|sparseness|dearth|paucity|poverty|shortage|want|lack|undersupply|paltriness|meagreness|niggardliness|sketchiness|incompleteness|limitedness|restrictedness|exiguity|exiguousness|incompetence|incapability|unfitness|ineffectiveness|ineffectuality|inefficiency|inefficacy|inexpertness|lack of skill|lack of proficiency|ineptness|uselessness|hopelessness|impotence|powerlessness|amateurishness|inferiority|unsatisfactoriness|substandardness|shortcoming|defect|fault|failing|weakness|weak point|limitation|flaw|imperfection|Achilles heel|loophole


word: INADEQUATE
russian_word: недостаточный
example: these labels prove to be wholly inadequate
definition: lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose.
antonyms: adequate|sufficient|competent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈadɪkwət
phonetics_text: ɪnˈadɪkwət
synonyms:
insufficient|not enough|deficient|poor|scant|scanty|scarce|sparse|too little|too few|short|in short supply|paltry|meagre|niggardly|skimpy|sketchy|incomplete|restricted|limited|measly|pathetic|piddling|exiguous|incompetent|incapable|unsatisfactory|not good enough|no good|found wanting|not up to scratch|lacking|leaving much to be desired|unfit|ineffective|ineffectual|inefficient|unskilful|inexpert|inept|unproficient|amateurish|substandard|bad|hopeless|useless|inferior|impotent|powerless|not up to snuff|lousy|duff|not much cop|no great shakes|half-arsed|half-assed


word: INADMISSIBLE
russian_word: недопустимый
definition: (especially of evidence in court) not accepted as valid.|not to be allowed or tolerated.
antonyms: admissible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnədˈmɪsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnədˈmɪsɪb(ə)l
example:
he held that such evidence was inadmissible|an inadmissible interference in the affairs of the Church

synonyms:
not allowable|invalid|not acceptable|unacceptable|unallowable|impermissible|disallowed|forbidden|prohibited|precluded|inappropriate|inapplicable|inapposite|irrelevant|immaterial|impertinent|not germane|beside the point


word: INADVERTENT
russian_word: неумышленный
example: an inadvertent administrative error occurred that resulted in an overpayment
definition: not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning.
antonyms: deliberate|intentional
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnədˈvəːt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌɪnədˈvəːt(ə)nt
synonyms:
unintentional|unintended|accidental|unpremeditated|unplanned|unmeant|innocent|uncalculated|unconscious|unthinking|unwitting|involuntary|chance|coincidental|careless|thoughtless

origin:
mid 17th century (earlier (late Middle English) as inadvertence ): from in-1 ‘not’ + Latin advertent- ‘turning the mind to’ (from the verb advertere ).


word: INADVERTENTLY
russian_word: ненароком
example: his name had been inadvertently omitted from the list
definition: without intention; accidentally.
antonyms: deliberately
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˌɪnədˈvəːt(ə)ntli
phonetics_text: ˌɪnədˈvəːt(ə)ntli
synonyms:
accidentally|by accident|unintentionally|unwittingly|unawares|without noticing|in all innocence|by mistake|mistakenly


word: INADVISABLE
russian_word: нецелесообразный
example: it would be inadvisable to involve more than one architect
definition: likely to have unfortunate consequences; unwise.
antonyms: shrewd|wise
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnədˈvʌɪzəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnədˈvʌɪzəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unwise|ill-advised|imprudent|ill-judged|ill-considered|injudicious|impolitic|inexpedient|foolish|incautious|misguided|misconceived|wrong-headed|silly|thoughtless|foolhardy


word: INALIENABLE
russian_word: неотъемлемый
example: the shareholders have the inalienable right to dismiss directors
definition: not subject to being taken away from or given away by the possessor.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈeɪlɪənəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈeɪlɪənəb(ə)l
synonyms:
inviolable|absolute|sacrosanct|unchallengeable|unassailable|untransferable|non-transferable|non-negotiable|inherent|imprescriptible|indefeasible


word: INAMORATO
russian_word: любовник
example: her days were spent dallying with her inamorato
definition: a person's male lover.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌnaməˈrɑːtəʊ
phonetics_text: ɪˌnaməˈrɑːtəʊ
origin:
late 16th century: Italian, literally ‘enamoured’, past participle of the verb inamorare (now innamorare ), based on Latin amor ‘love’.


word: INANE
russian_word: бессмысленный
example: don't badger people with inane questions
definition: lacking sense or meaning; silly.
antonyms: intelligent|sensible
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin inanis ‘empty, vain’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈneɪn
phonetics_text: ɪˈneɪn
synonyms:
silly|foolish|stupid|fatuous|idiotic|absurd|ridiculous|ludicrous|laughable|risible|imbecilic|moronic|cretinous|unintelligent|witless|asinine|pointless|senseless|frivolous|nonsensical|brainless|mindless|thoughtless|vacuous|vapid|empty-headed|childish|puerile|infantile|jejune|dumb|dim|half-baked|damfool|daft|divvy|gormless|glaikit|dumb-ass|dof


word: INANIMATE
russian_word: неодушевленный
example: inanimate objects like stones
definition: not alive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈanɪmət
phonetics_text: ɪnˈanɪmət
origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin inanimatus ‘lifeless’, from in- ‘not’ + animatus (see animate).


word: INANITION
russian_word: истощение
example: the members of the rear party died of inanition
definition: exhaustion caused by lack of nourishment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnəˈnɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɪnəˈnɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin inanitio(n- ), from Latin inanire ‘make empty’, from inanis ‘empty, vain’.


word: IN ANY EVENT
russian_word: так или иначе
example: in any event, I was not in a position to undertake such a task
definition: whatever happens or may have happened.
synonyms:
regardless|regardless of what happens|whatever happens|come what may|no matter what|at any rate|in any case|anyhow|anyway|even so|still|nevertheless|nonetheless|still and all|anyways|howbeit|natheless


word: INAPPLICABLE
russian_word: неприменимо
example: the details are likely to be inapplicable to other designs
definition: not relevant or appropriate.
antonyms: relevant|applicable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈaplɪkəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈaplɪkəb(ə)l|ɪnəˈplɪkəb(ə)l
synonyms:
irrelevant|immaterial|not germane|not pertinent|unrelated|unconnected|extraneous|beside the point|nothing to do with it|inadmissible|inappropriate|inapposite|inapt|impertinent


word: INAPPOSITE
russian_word: неуместный
example: the Shakespearean allusions are inapposite
definition: out of place; inappropriate.
antonyms: appropriate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈapəzɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈapəzɪt
synonyms:
inappropriate|unsuitable|inapt|out of place|infelicitous|misplaced|misguided|ill-considered|ill-judged|ill-advised|irrelevant|immaterial|not germane|not pertinent|inapplicable|impertinent


word: INAPPRECIABLE
russian_word: незначительный
example: they are few in number and those numbers are inappreciable
definition: too small or insignificant to be valued or perceived.|too valuable to be properly estimated.
antonyms: considerable|significant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnəˈpriːʃəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnəˈpriːʃəb(ə)l|ˌɪnəˈpriːʃɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
imperceptible|barely perceptible|minute|tiny|minuscule|slight|small|infinitesimal|microscopic|nanoscopic|insignificant|inconsequential|unimportant|immaterial|negligible|petty|trivial|trifling|minor|paltry|of no account|not worth mentioning|not worth bothering about|piddling|piffling|exiguous


word: INAPPROPRIATE
russian_word: неуместно
example: there are penalties for inappropriate behaviour
definition: not suitable or proper in the circumstances.
antonyms: appropriate|suitable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnəˈprəʊprɪət
phonetics_text: ɪnəˈprəʊprɪət
synonyms:
unsuitable|unfitting|ill-suited|unseemly|unbecoming|unprofessional|unfit|unbefitting|indecorous|improper|lacking in propriety|ungentlemanly|unladylike|incongruous|out of place|out of keeping|wrong|amiss|inapposite|inapt|inexpedient|inadvisable|injudicious|ill-advised|ill-judged|ill-considered|infelicitous|unfortunate|regrettable|misguided|misplaced|ill-timed|untimely|inopportune|undue|untoward|tactless|tasteless|in poor/bad taste|undesirable|out of order|malapropos


word: INAPT
russian_word: неподходящий
example: a more inapt name I cannot imagine
definition: not suitable or appropriate in the circumstances.
antonyms: appropriate|suitable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈapt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈapt
synonyms:
unsuitable|unfitting|ill-suited|unseemly|unbecoming|unprofessional|unfit|unbefitting|indecorous|improper|lacking in propriety|ungentlemanly|unladylike|inappropriate|out of place|out of keeping|wrong|amiss|inapposite|incongruous|inexpedient|inadvisable|injudicious|ill-advised|ill-judged|ill-considered|infelicitous|unfortunate|regrettable|misguided|misplaced|ill-timed|untimely|inopportune|undue|untoward|tactless|tasteless|in poor/bad taste|undesirable|out of order|malapropos


word: IN ARREARS
russian_word: отставший
example: two out of three tenants are in arrears|she finished ten metres in arrears
antonyms: in credit
synonyms: behind|behindhand|late|overdue|in the red|in default|in debt
definition:
behind with paying money that is owed.|(of a competitor in a sports race or match) having a lower score or weaker performance than other competitors.


word: INARTICULATE
russian_word: невнятный
example: an inarticulate man of action
definition: unable to express one's ideas or feelings clearly or easily.|without joints or articulations.
antonyms: articulate|silver-tongued
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɑːˈtɪkjʊlət
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɑːˈtɪkjʊlət
synonyms:
tongue-tied|lost for words|at a loss for words|unable to express oneself|unable to get a word out|poorly spoken|mute|dumb|speechless|mumchance

origin:
early 17th century: from in-1 ‘not’ + the adjective articulate; the sense ‘not clearly pronounced’ corresponds to that of late Latin inarticulatus .


word: INATTENTION
russian_word: невнимательность
example: a moment of inattention which could have cost lives
definition: lack of attention; distraction.
antonyms: attention|concentration|care
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnəˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnəˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
lack of concentration|distraction|inattentiveness|preoccupation|absent-mindedness|daydreaming|dreaminess|reverie|wool-gathering|abstraction|staring into space|obliviousness|brown study|brain fart|negligence|neglect|neglectfulness|disregard|slackness|remissness|laxness|forgetfulness|carelessness|thoughtlessness|heedlessness|indifference|unconcern|inconsideration|oscitation


word: INATTENTIVE
russian_word: невнимательный
example: a particularly dull and inattentive pupil
definition: not paying attention to something.
antonyms: attentive|alert
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnəˈtɛntɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnəˈtɛntɪv
synonyms:
not concentrating|distracted|lacking concentration|preoccupied|absent-minded|daydreaming|dreamy|dreaming|wool-gathering|lost in thought|off in a world of one's own|in a brown study|with one's head in the clouds|abstracted|distrait|oblivious|not with us|unheeding|miles away


word: INAUDIBLE
russian_word: неслышный
example: inaudible pulses of high-frequency sound
definition: unable to be heard.
antonyms: audible
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin inaudibilis, from in- ‘not’ + audibilis (see audible).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɔːdɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɔːdɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unheard|not heard|out of earshot|hard to hear|hard to make out|indistinct|imperceptible|faint|muted|soft|low|muffled|stifled|whispered|muttered|murmured|mumbled


word: INAUGURATE
russian_word: открывать
example: he inaugurated a new policy of trade and exploration
definition: begin or introduce (a system, policy, or period).
antonyms: end|wind up
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈnɔːɡjʊreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɔːɡjʊreɪt
synonyms:
initiate|begin|start|institute|launch|start off|set in motion|get going|get under way|get off the ground|establish|originate|put in place|lay the foundations of|lay the first stone of|lay the cornerstone of|bring up the curtain on|bring in|usher in|kick off|commence

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin inaugurat- ‘interpreted as omens (from the flight of birds)’, based on augurare ‘to augur’.


word: INAUGURATION
russian_word: инаугурация
example: the inauguration of an independent prosecution service
definition: the beginning or introduction of a system, policy, or period.
antonyms: demise|winding up|closure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌnɔːɡjʊˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌnɔːɡjʊˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
initiation|institution|setting up|launch|establishment|foundation|founding|origination|formation|beginning|start|inception|commencement|installation|instatement|induction|swearing in|investiture|coronation|enthronement|crowning|opening|dedication|consecration|unveiling


word: INAUSPICIOUS
russian_word: неблагоприятный
example: following this inauspicious start the British, outnumbered, withdrew
definition: not conducive to success; unpromising.
antonyms: promising|auspicious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs
phonetics_text: ɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs
synonyms:
unpromising|unpropitious|unfavourable|adverse|unfortunate|infelicitous|unhappy|ill-omened|ominous|ill-fated|ill-starred|untoward|untimely|inopportune|disadvantageous|discouraging|disheartening|gloomy|bleak|black|bad|sinistrous|unchancy


word: INBOUND
russian_word: входящий
example: authorities set up roadblocks to stop all inbound traffic on tunnels and bridges
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: ˈɪnbaʊnd
phonetics_text: ˈɪnbaʊnd
definition:
travelling towards a particular place, especially when returning to the original point of departure.


word: INBRED
russian_word: врожденный
example: inbred dogs will be more likely to have some genetic maladies
definition: produced by inbreeding.|existing from birth.
antonyms: acquired|learned
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈbrɛd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈbrɛd|ˈɪnbrɛd
synonyms:
innate|congenital|existing from birth|inherent|inherited|hereditary|in the family|in one's genes|bred in the bone|inborn|natural|native|constitutional|deep-seated|deep-rooted|ingrained|in one's blood|inbuilt|instinctive|instinctual|unlearned|connate|connatural


word: INBUILT
russian_word: встроенный
example: the body's inbuilt ability to heal itself
definition: existing as an original or essential part of something or someone.
antonyms: add-on
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪnbɪlt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnbɪlt
synonyms:
built-in|integral|incorporated|inherent|intrinsic|innate|ingrained|congenital|natural|native|basic|fundamental|essential|deep-rooted|connatural|connate


word: IN BULK
russian_word: оптом
example: retail multiples buy in bulk|sugar is imported in bulk and bagged on the island
definition:
(of goods) in large quantities and generally at a reduced price.|(of a cargo or commodity) not packaged; loose.


word: INCALCULABLE
russian_word: неисчислимый
example: an archive of incalculable value|the odds against such an event are incalculable
definition: too great to be calculated or estimated.|not able to be calculated or estimated.
antonyms: limited
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkalkjʊləb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkalkjʊləb(ə)l
synonyms:
inestimable|indeterminable|untold|immeasurable|uncountable|incomputable|not to be reckoned|infinite|endless|without end|limitless|measureless|boundless|fathomless|bottomless|cosmic|enormous|immense|huge|vast|innumerable|countless|without number|numberless|multitudinous|innumerous|unnumberable|unnumbered|unsummed


word: INCANDESCENT
russian_word: лампа накаливания
example: plumes of incandescent liquid rock|she felt an incandescent love for life
definition: emitting light as a result of being heated.|full of strong emotion; passionate.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkanˈdɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnkanˈdɛs(ə)nt
synonyms:
white-hot|intensely hot|red-hot|burning|fiery|on fire|blazing|ablaze|aflame|glowing|aglow|radiant|bright|brilliant|dazzling|shining|luminous|gleaming|glowy|fervid|ardent|rutilant|lucent|candescent|fervent

origin:
late 18th century: from French, from Latin incandescent- ‘glowing’, from the verb incandescere, from in- (expressing intensive force) + candescere ‘become white’ (from candidus ‘white’).


word: INCANTATION
russian_word: заклинание
example: an incantation to raise the dead
definition: a series of words said as a magic spell or charm.
synonyms: chant|invocation|conjuration|magic spell|magic formula|rune|abracadabra|open sesame|hex|mojo|makutu
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkanˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnkanˈteɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin incantatio(n- ), from incantare ‘chant, bewitch’ (see incant).


word: INCAPABLE
russian_word: неспособный
example: Wilson blushed and was incapable of speech|the pilot may become incapable from the lack of oxygen
definition: unable to do or achieve (something).|unable to behave rationally or manage one's affairs.
antonyms: capable of|able to
synonyms: unable to|not capable of|lacking the ability to|not equipped to|lacking the experience to
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkeɪpəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkeɪpəb(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from late Latin incapabilis, from in- ‘not’ + capabilis (see capable).


word: INCAPACITATE
russian_word: выводить из строя
example: he was incapacitated by a heart attack
definition: prevent from functioning in a normal way.
antonyms: fit
origin: mid 17th century: from incapacity + -ate3.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌɪnkəˈpasɪteɪt
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkəˈpasɪteɪt
synonyms:
disabled|debilitated|indisposed|unfit|immobilized|paralysed|out of action|out of commission|hors de combat|laid up


word: INCAPACITY
russian_word: неспособность
example: they can be sacked only for incapacity or misbehaviour|they are not subject to any legal incapacity
definition: physical or mental inability to do something or to manage one's affairs.|legal disqualification.
antonyms: ability|capability
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkəˈpasɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnkəˈpasɪti
synonyms:
disability|incapability|inability|debility|impairment|indisposition|unfitness|powerlessness|impotence|helplessness|weakness|incompetence|inadequacy|ineffectiveness|ineffectuality|inefficiency

origin:
early 17th century: from French incapacité or late Latin incapacitas, from in- (expressing negation) + capacitas (see capacity).


word: INCARCERATE
russian_word: заключать в тюрьму
example: many are incarcerated for property offences
definition: imprison or confine.
antonyms: free|release
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkɑːsəreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɑːsəreɪt
synonyms:
imprison|put in prison|send to prison|jail|lock up|take into custody|put under lock and key|put away|intern|confine|detain|hold|put into detention|immure|put in chains|clap in irons|hold prisoner|hold captive|send down|put behind bars|put inside|bang someone up|shut away|shut up|coop up|cage

origin:
mid 16th century (earlier (late Middle English) as incarceration ): from medieval Latin incarcerat- ‘imprisoned’, from the verb incarcerare, from in- ‘into’ + Latin carcer ‘prison’.


word: INCARCERATION
russian_word: лишение свободы
example: the public would not be served by her incarceration
definition: the state of being confined in prison; imprisonment.
antonyms: freedom
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
imprisonment|internment|confinement|detention|custody|captivity|restraint|penal servitude|hard labour|time|porridge|chokey|durance|duress


word: INCARNADINE
russian_word: алый
example: an incarnadine rose
definition: a bright crimson or pinkish-red colour.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkɑːnədʌɪn
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɑːnədʌɪn
origin:
late 16th century: from French incarnadin(e ), from Italian incarnadino, variant of incarnatino ‘flesh colour’, based on Latin incarnare (see incarnate).


word: INCARNATE
russian_word: воплощенный
example: God incarnate
definition: (especially of a deity or spirit) embodied in human form.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
synonyms:
in human form|in the flesh|in physical form|in bodily form|made flesh|made manifest|corporeal|physical|fleshly|embodied

phonetic:
late Middle English: from ecclesiastical Latin incarnat- ‘made flesh’, from the verb incarnare, from in- ‘into’ + caro, carn- ‘flesh’.


word: INCARNATION
russian_word: воплощение
example: Rama was Vishnu's incarnation on earth|in my next incarnation, I'd like to be the Minister of Fun
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkɑːˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnkɑːˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a person who embodies in the flesh a deity, spirit, or quality.|(with reference to reincarnation) each of a series of earthly lifetimes.

synonyms:
embodiment|personification|exemplification|type|epitome|manifestation|bodily form|representation in the flesh|avatar

origin:
Middle English (as a term in Christian theology): via Old French from ecclesiastical Latin incarnatio(n- ), from the verb incarnare (see incarnate).


word: INCAUTIOUS
russian_word: неосторожный
example: he blames incautious borrowing during the boom
definition: (of a person or an action) heedless of potential problems or risks.
antonyms: cautious|circumspect
origin: mid 17th century: on the pattern of Latin incautus .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɔːʃəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɔːʃəs
synonyms:
rash|unwise|careless|heedless|thoughtless|reckless|unthinking|imprudent|misguided|ill-advised|ill-judged|injudicious|impolitic|unguarded|foolhardy|foolish|unwary|unwatchful|off-guard|inattentive|unobservant|asleep on the job|asleep at the wheel|leading with one's chin


word: INCENDIARY
russian_word: зажигательный
example: incendiary bombs|incendiary rhetoric
definition: (of a device or attack) designed to cause fires.|tending to stir up conflict.
antonyms: conciliatory
synonyms: combustible|flammable|inflammable|fire-producing|fire-raising
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛndɪəri
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛndɪəri
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin incendiarius, from incendium ‘conflagration’, from incendere ‘set fire to’.


word: INCENSE
russian_word: ладан
example: the sharp lingering sweetness of incense
definition: a gum, spice, or other substance that is burned for the sweet smell it produces.
synonyms: perfume|fragrance|scent|aroma|bouquet|redolence|balm
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɪnsɛns
phonetics_text: ˈɪnsɛns
origin:
Middle English (originally as encense ): from Old French encens (noun), encenser (verb), from ecclesiastical Latin incensum ‘something burnt, incense’, neuter past participle of incendere ‘set fire to’, from in- ‘in’ + the base of candere ‘to glow’.


word: INCENSORY
russian_word: кадильница
definition: another term for censer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnsɛns(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈɪnsɛns(ə)ri
origin:
early 17th century (denoting a burnt offering, or an altar for it): from medieval Latin incensorium, from incensum (see incense1).


word: INCENTIVE
russian_word: стимул
example: give farmers an incentive to improve their land
definition: a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something.
antonyms: deterrent|disincentive
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛntɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛntɪv
synonyms:
inducement|motivation|motive|reason|stimulus|stimulant|spur|impetus|encouragement|impulse|incitement|goad|provocation|attraction|lure|bait|carrot|sweetener|come-on|premium|douceur

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin incentivum ‘something that sets the tune or incites’, from incantare ‘to chant or charm’.


word: INCEPTION
russian_word: начало
example: she has been on the board since its inception two years ago
definition: the establishment or starting point of an institution or activity.
antonyms: end
origin: late Middle English: from Latin inceptio(n- ), from incipere ‘begin’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛpʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
establishment|institution|foundation|founding|formation|initiation|setting up|origination|constitution|inauguration|opening|beginning|start|starting point|outset|birth|dawn|genesis|origin|rise|debut|day one|kick-off|commencement


word: INCEPTIVE
russian_word: зарождающийся
example: the inceptive period of the program
definition: relating to or marking the beginning of something; initial.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛptɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛptɪv
origin:
early 17th century (as a noun): from late Latin inceptivus, from incept- ‘begun’, from the verb incipere .


word: INCERTITUDE
russian_word: неопределенность
example: some schools broke down under the stresses of policy incertitude
definition: a state of uncertainty or hesitation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsəːtɪtjuːd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsəːtɪtjuːd
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin incertitudo, from in- (expressing negation) + certitudo (see certitude).


word: INCESSANT
russian_word: непрерывный
example: the incessant beat of the music
definition: (of something regarded as unpleasant) continuing without pause or interruption.
antonyms: intermittent|occasional
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛs(ə)nt
synonyms:
ceaseless|unceasing|constant|continual|unabating|interminable|endless|unending|never-ending|everlasting|eternal|perpetual|continuous|non-stop|uninterrupted|unbroken|ongoing|unremitting|persistent|relentless|unrelenting|unrelieved|sustained|unflagging|unwearying|untiring|recurrent

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin incessant-, from in- ‘not’ + Latin cessant- ‘ceasing’ (from the verb cessare ).


word: INCESSANTLY
russian_word: беспрестанно
example: she talked about him incessantly
definition: without interruption; constantly.
antonyms: occasionally
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛsntli
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛsntli
synonyms:
constantly|continually|all the time|non-stop|without stopping|without a break|interminably|unremittingly|round the clock|ceaselessly|endlessly|without cessation|unceasingly|perpetually|24/7


word: INCEST
russian_word: кровосмешение
definition: sexual relations between people classed as being too closely related to marry each other.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnsɛst
phonetics_text: ˈɪnsɛst
origin:
Middle English: from Latin incestus, incestum ‘unchastity, incest’, from in- ‘not’ + castus ‘chaste’.


word: INCESTUOUS
russian_word: кровосмесительный
example: the child of an incestuous relationship|the incestuous nature of literary journalism
origin: early 16th century: from late Latin incestuosus, from Latin incestus (see incest).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈsɛstjʊəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɛstjʊəs
definition:
involving or guilty of incest.|(of human relations) excessively close and resistant to outside influence.


word: INCH
russian_word: дюйм
example: the toy train is four inches long|more than four inches of rain is expected
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: ɪn(t)ʃ
definition:
a unit of linear measure equal to one twelfth of a foot (2.54 cm).|(as a unit of rainfall) a quantity that would cover a horizontal surface to a depth of one inch, equivalent to 253.7 cubic metres per hectare.

origin:
late Old English ynce, from Latin uncia ‘twelfth part’, from unus ‘one’ (probably denoting a unit). Compare with ounce1.


word: INCHMEAL
russian_word: мало-помалу
example: inchmeal, he advanced up the slope
definition: by inches; little by little.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈɪntʃmiːl
phonetics_text: ˈɪntʃmiːl
origin:
mid 16th century: from inch1 + -meal from Old English mǣlum, in the sense ‘measure, quantity taken at one time’.


word: INCHOATE
russian_word: незавершенный
example: a still inchoate democracy
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin inchoatus, past participle of inchoare, variant of incohare ‘begin’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkəʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkəʊeɪt|ˈɪnkəʊeɪt|ɪnˈkəʊət
definition:
just begun and so not fully formed or developed; rudimentary.|(of an offence, such as incitement or conspiracy) anticipating or preparatory to a further criminal act.


word: INCHOATIVE
russian_word: начинательный
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkəʊətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkəʊətɪv
definition:
denoting an aspect of a verb expressing the beginning of an action, typically one occurring of its own accord.


word: INCIDENCE
russian_word: падение
example: an increased incidence of cancer|the point of incidence of the beam
synonyms: occurrence|prevalence|commonness|rate|frequency|amount|degree|quantity|extent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnsɪd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪnsɪd(ə)ns
definition:
the occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease, crime, or other undesirable thing.|the intersection of a line, or something moving in a straight line, such as a beam of light, with a surface.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a casual or subordinate event): from Old French, or from medieval Latin incidentia, from Latin incidere ‘fall upon, happen to’ (see incident). incidence (sense 1) dates from the early 19th century.


word: INCIDENT
russian_word: инцидент
example: several amusing incidents
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɪnsɪd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnsɪd(ə)nt
definition:
an instance of something happening; an event or occurrence.|a privilege, burden, or right attaching to an office, estate, or other holding.

synonyms:
event|occurrence|occasion|episode|experience|happening|proceeding|eventuality|affair|business|adventure|exploit|escapade|deed|feat|matter|circumstance|fact|development

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin incident- ‘falling upon, happening to’, from the verb incidere, from in- ‘upon’ + cadere ‘to fall’.


word: INCIDENTAL
russian_word: случайный
definition: happening as a minor accompaniment to something else.|happening as a result of (an activity).
antonyms: crucial|essential
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnsɪˈdɛnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnsɪˈdɛnt(ə)l
example:
for the fieldworker who deals with real problems, paperwork is incidental|the ordinary risks incidental to a fireman's job

synonyms:
less important|of less importance|secondary|subsidiary|subordinate|ancillary|auxiliary|minor|peripheral|background|by-the-way|by-the-by|non-essential|inessential|unimportant|insignificant|inconsequential|unnecessary|trivial|trifling|negligible|petty|tangential|extrinsic|extraneous|dispensable|expendable

origin:
early 17th century: originally from medieval Latin incidentalis, from Latin incident- ‘falling upon, happening to’ (from the verb incidere ).


word: INCIDENTALLY
russian_word: между прочим
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnsɪˈdɛnt(ə)li
phonetics_text: ɪnsɪˈdɛnt(ə)li
example:
incidentally, it was many months before the whole truth was discovered|the infection was discovered only incidentally at post-mortem examination

definition:
used to add a further comment or a remark unconnected to the current subject; by the way.|in an incidental manner; as a chance occurrence.

synonyms:
by the way|by the by(e)|in passing|en passant|speaking of which|while on the subject|parenthetically|BTW|as it happens


word: INCINERATE
russian_word: сжигать
example: waste packaging is to be incinerated rather than buried in landfills
definition: destroy (something, especially waste material) by burning.
synonyms: burn|burn up|reduce to ashes|consume by fire|carbonize|cremate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈsɪnəreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɪnəreɪt
origin:
late 15th century: from medieval Latin incinerat- ‘burnt to ashes’, from the verb incinerare, from in- ‘into, towards’ + cinis, ciner- ‘ashes’.


word: INCINERATOR
russian_word: мусоросжигательная печь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsɪnəreɪtə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɪnəreɪtə
definition:
an apparatus for burning waste material, especially industrial waste, at high temperatures until it is reduced to ash.


word: INCIPIENT
russian_word: зарождающийся
example: he could feel incipient anger building up
definition: beginning to happen or develop.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈsɪpɪənt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsɪpɪənt
origin:
late 16th century (as a noun denoting a beginner): from Latin incipient- ‘undertaking, beginning’, from the verb incipere, from in- ‘into, towards’ + capere ‘take’.


word: INCISE
russian_word: надрезать
example: a button incised with a skull
definition: mark or decorate (an object or surface) with a cut or cuts.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈsʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsʌɪz
origin:
mid 16th century: from French inciser, from Latin incis- ‘cut into, engraved’, from the verb incidere, from in- ‘into’ + caedere ‘to cut’.


word: INCISIVE
russian_word: острый
example: she was an incisive critic|the most incisive move of a tight match
antonyms: rambling|vague
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈsʌɪsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsʌɪsɪv
definition:
(of a person or mental process) intelligently analytical and clear-thinking.|(of an action) quick and direct.

synonyms:
penetrating|acute|sharp|sharp-witted|razor-sharp|keen|rapier-like|astute|shrewd|trenchant|piercing|perceptive|insightful|percipient|perspicacious|discerning|analytical|intelligent|canny|clever|smart|quick|concise|succinct|pithy|to the point|crisp|clear|punchy|on the ball|heads-up|argute|sapient

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘cutting, penetrating’): from medieval Latin incisivus, from Latin incidere ‘cut into’ (see incise).


word: INCISOR
russian_word: резец
origin: late 17th century: from medieval Latin, literally ‘cutter’, from Latin incis- (see incise).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsʌɪzə
definition:
a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting. In humans there are four incisors in each jaw.


word: INCITE
russian_word: подстрекать
example: they conspired to incite riots
definition: encourage or stir up (violent or unlawful behaviour).
antonyms: suppress|dissuade|deter
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈsʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsʌɪt
synonyms:
stir up|whip up|work up|encourage|fan the flames of|stoke up|fuel|kindle|ignite|inflame|stimulate|instigate|provoke|excite|arouse|awaken|waken|inspire|trigger|spark off|ferment|foment|agitate for/against|cause|generate|bring about|enkindle|egg on|urge|goad|spur on|drive on|push|prod|prompt|induce|impel|motivate|make|influence|rouse|sting|prick|put up to|root on|procure

origin:
late 15th century (earlier (late Middle English) as incitation ): from French inciter, from Latin incitare, from in- ‘towards’ + citare ‘rouse’.


word: INCITEMENT
russian_word: подстрекательство
example: this amounted to an incitement to commit murder
definition: the action of provoking unlawful behaviour or urging someone to behave unlawfully.
antonyms: suppression|discouragement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈsʌɪtm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsʌɪtm(ə)nt
synonyms:
egging on|urging|goading|spurring on|motivation|persuasion|inducement|instigation|encouragement|stirring up|whipping up|stoking up|kindling|fuelling|stimulation|provocation|arousing|rousing|fomentation|enkindling


word: INCIVILITY
russian_word: невежливость
example: absenteeism and incivility were not tolerated
definition: rude or unsociable speech or behaviour.
antonyms: politeness|good manners
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnsɪˈvɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnsɪˈvɪlɪti
synonyms:
rudeness|discourtesy|discourteousness|impoliteness|lack of politeness|bad manners|ill-manneredness|lack of manners|unmannerliness|disrespect|disrespectfulness|boorishness|uncouthness|lack of refinement|ungraciousness|lack of social grace|ungentlemanly behaviour|unladylike behaviour|insolence|impertinence|impudence

origin:
mid 16th century: from French incivilité or late Latin incivilitas, from Latin incivilis, from in- ‘not’ + civilis ‘of a citizen’ (see civil).


word: INCLEMENT
russian_word: суровый
example: walkers should be prepared for inclement weather
definition: (of the weather) unpleasantly cold or wet.
antonyms: fine|mild|sunny
origin: early 17th century: from French inclément or Latin inclement-, from in- ‘not’ + clement- ‘clement’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈklɛm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈklɛm(ə)nt
synonyms:
cold|chilly|bitter|bleak|raw|wintry|freezing|snowy|icy|wet|rainy|drizzly|damp|stormy|blustery|wild|rough|squally|tempestuous|windy|unpleasant|bad|foul|nasty|filthy|severe|extreme|harsh|adverse


word: INCLINATION
russian_word: наклон
example: John was a scientist by training and inclination|changes in inclination of the line on the graph
antonyms: aversion|disinclination
origin: late Middle English: from Latin inclinatio(n- ), from inclinare ‘bend towards’ (see incline).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnklɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnklɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a person's natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way; a disposition.|the fact or degree of sloping.|the angle at which a straight line or plane is inclined to another.

synonyms:
tendency|propensity|proclivity|leaning|predisposition|disposition|predilection|weakness|proneness|desire|wish|readiness|impulse|bent|list|humour|velleity


word: INCLINE
russian_word: наклон
antonyms: disinclined
synonyms: disposed|minded|of a mind|willing|ready|prepared|predisposed
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
he was inclined to accept the offer|she's inclined to gossip with complete strangers|the bunker doors incline outwards

definition:
be favourably disposed towards or willing to do something.|have a tendency to do something.|lean or turn away from a given plane or direction, especially the vertical or horizontal.

phonetic:
Middle English (originally in the sense ‘bend (the head or body) towards something’; formerly also as encline ): from Old French encliner, from Latin inclinare, from in- ‘towards’ + clinare ‘to bend’.


word: INCLUDE
russian_word: включать
definition: comprise or contain as part of a whole.|make part of a whole or set.
antonyms: exclude|omit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkluːd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkluːd
example:
the price includes dinner, bed, and breakfast|we have included some hints for beginners in this section

synonyms:
incorporate|comprise|encompass|cover|embrace|involve|take in|number|contain|consist of|be made up of|be composed of|comprehend

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘shut in’): from Latin includere, from in- ‘into’ + claudere ‘to shut’.


word: INCLUSION
russian_word: включение
antonyms: exclusion|omission
synonyms: incorporation|addition|insertion|introduction|involvement|taking in|encompassing
origin: early 17th century: from Latin inclusio(n- ), from includere ‘shut in’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkluːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkluːʒ(ə)n
example:
they have been selected for inclusion in the scheme|we value and promote diversity and inclusion in every aspect of our business

definition:
the action or state of including or of being included within a group or structure.|the practice or policy of providing equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized, such as those who have physical or mental disabilities and members of other minority groups.|a body or particle of distinct composition embedded in a rock or other material.


word: INCLUSIVE
russian_word: включительно
antonyms: exclusive
origin: late 16th century: from medieval Latin inclusivus, from Latin includere (see include).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkluːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkluːsɪv
example:
menus stating fully inclusive prices|only an inclusive peace process will end the conflict|this is a testament to the inclusive environment fostered at our school

definition:
including all the services or items normally expected or required.|not excluding any of the parties or groups involved in something.|aiming to provide equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized, such as those having physical or mental disabilities or belonging to other minority groups.

synonyms:
all-in|all-inclusive|with everything included|comprehensive|in toto|overall|full|all-round|across the board|umbrella|blanket|catch-all|all-encompassing|all-embracing|without exception


word: INCLUSIVENESS
russian_word: включенность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkluːsɪvnəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkluːsɪvnəs
example:
the most useful feature of the book is probably its inclusiveness|the school promotes an attitude of tolerance and inclusiveness

definition:
the quality of covering or dealing with a range of subjects or areas.|the practice or policy of providing equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized, such as those having physical or mental disabilities or belonging to other minority groups.


word: INCLUSIVITY
russian_word: Сопричастность
example: you will need a thorough understanding of inclusivity and the needs of special education pupils
origin: 1920s (in the general sense ‘inclusiveness’): from inclusive + -ity, on the pattern of exclusivity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌkluːˈsɪvəti
phonetics_text: ɪnˌkluːˈsɪvəti
definition:
the practice or policy of providing equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalized, such as those having physical or mental disabilities or belonging to other minority groups.


word: INCOGNITO
russian_word: инкогнито
example: in order to observe you have to be incognito
definition: (of a person) having one's true identity concealed.
synonyms: disguised|camouflaged|unrecognized|unidentified|incog
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtəʊ
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtəʊ
origin:
mid 17th century: from Italian, literally ‘unknown’, from Latin incognitus, from in- ‘not’ + cognitus (past participle of cognoscere ‘know’).


word: INCOHERENT
russian_word: бессвязный
example: he screamed some incoherent threat
antonyms: coherent|lucid|intelligible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkə(ʊ)ˈhɪər(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnkə(ʊ)ˈhɪər(ə)nt
definition:
(of spoken or written language) expressed in an incomprehensible or confusing way; unclear.|(of waves) having no definite or stable phase relationship.

synonyms:
unclear|confused|muddled|unintelligible|incomprehensible|hard to follow|disjointed|disconnected|unconnected|disordered|mixed up|garbled|jumbled|scrambled|rambling|wandering|discursive|disorganized|uncoordinated|illogical|inarticulate|mumbled|muttered|stuttered|stammered|slurred|inchoate


word: INCOMBUSTIBLE
russian_word: негорючий
example: an incombustible floor construction
antonyms: flammable|inflammable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkəmˈbʌstɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkəmˈbʌstɪb(ə)l
definition:
(especially of a building material or component) consisting or made of material that does not burn if exposed to fire.

synonyms:
non-flammable|non-combustible|not inflammable|unburnable|fireproof|fire-resistant|fire-retardant|flameproof|flame-resistant|flame-retardant|heatproof|ovenproof|non-flam|asbestine

origin:
late 15th century: from medieval Latin incombustibilis, from in- ‘not’ + combustibilis (see combustible).


word: INCOME
russian_word: доход
example: he has a nice home and an adequate income
definition: money received, especially on a regular basis, for work or through investments.
antonyms: expenditure|outgoings
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnkʌm
phonetics_text: ˈɪnkʌm
synonyms:
earnings|salary|pay|remuneration|wages|stipend|emolument|revenue|receipts|takings|profits|gains|proceeds|turnover|yield|dividend|incomings|money received|means|take

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘entrance, arrival’, now only Scots): in early use from Old Norse innkoma, later from in + come. The current sense dates from the late 16th century.


word: INCOMER
russian_word: пришелец
example: an English incomer to Orkney
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnkʌmə
phonetics_text: ˈɪnkʌmə
definition:
a person who has come to live in an area in which they have not grown up, especially in a close-knit rural community.


word: INCOMMENSURABLE
russian_word: несоизмеримый
example: the two types of science are incommensurable and thus cannot be integrated
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɪnkəˈmɛnʃ(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkəˈmɛnʃ(ə)rəb(ə)l|ˌɪnkəˈmɛnsjərəb(ə)l
definition:
not able to be judged by the same standards; having no common standard of measurement.|(of numbers) in a ratio that cannot be expressed as a ratio of integers.

origin:
mid 16th century (in the mathematical sense): from late Latin incommensurabilis, from in- ‘not’ + commensurabilis (see commensurable).


word: INCOMMENSURATE
russian_word: несоразмерный
example: man's influence on the earth's surface seems incommensurate with his scale
definition: out of keeping or proportion with.|another term for incommensurable (sense 1 of the adjective).
antonyms: proportional
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkəˈmɛnʃ(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkəˈmɛnʃ(ə)rət|ˌɪnkəˈmɛnsjərət
synonyms:
out of proportion to|not in proportion to|disproportionate to|relatively too large/small for|not appropriate for|out of keeping with|at odds with|insufficient|inadequate|excessive|inordinate|unreasonable|uncalled for|undue|unfair


word: IN COMMISSION
russian_word: уполномоченный
example: a reduced number of ships were retained in commission
definition: in use or in service.
synonyms:
in service|in use|in employment|in action|working|functioning|functional|operative|going|running|up and running|in operation|in working order


word: INCOMMODE
russian_word: беспокоить
example: they are incommoded by the traffic
definition: inconvenience (someone).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnkəˈməʊd
phonetics_text: ɪnkəˈməʊd
origin:
late 16th century: from French incommoder or Latin incommodare, from in- ‘not’ + commodus ‘convenient’.


word: INCOMMUNICABLE
russian_word: непередаваемый
example: the pain of separation took the form of an incommunicable depression
definition: not able to be communicated to others.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkəˈmjuːnɪkəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkəˈmjuːnɪkəb(ə)l
synonyms:
indescribable|inexpressible|unutterable|unspeakable|undefinable|ineffable|beyond words|beyond description|overwhelming|intense|profound

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘incommunicative’): from late Latin incommunicabilis ‘not to be imparted’, from in- ‘not’ + communicabilis (see communicable).


word: INCOMMUNICADO
russian_word: инкоммуникадо
example: they were separated and detained incommunicado
definition: not able, wanting, or allowed to communicate with other people.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkəmjuːnɪˈkɑːdəʊ
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkəmjuːnɪˈkɑːdəʊ
origin:
mid 19th century: from Spanish incomunicado, past participle of incomunicar ‘deprive of communication’.


word: INCOMPARABLE
russian_word: несравненный
definition: without an equal in quality or extent; matchless.|unable to be compared; totally different.
antonyms: ordinary|commonplace
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒmp(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒmp(ə)rəb(ə)l
example:
the incomparable beauty of Venice|censorship still exists, but now it's incomparable with what it was

synonyms:
without equal|beyond compare|unparalleled|matchless|peerless|without peer|unmatched|without match|without parallel|beyond comparison|second to none|in a class of its own|unequalled|unrivalled|inimitable|nonpareil|transcendent|superlative|surpassing|unsurpassed|unsurpassable|supreme|top|outstanding|consummate|unique|singular|rare|perfect|par excellence|hors concours|one-in-a-million|unexampled

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin incomparabilis, from in- ‘not’ + comparabilis (see comparable).


word: INCOMPARABLY
russian_word: несравненно
example: this beach is incomparably superior to the others on the island
definition: immeasurably; by far.
antonyms: slightly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒmp(ə)rəbli
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒmp(ə)rəbli|ˌɪnkəmˈparəbli
synonyms:
far and away|by far|infinitely|immeasurably|beyond compare|beyond comparison|easily|inimitably|unbeatably|supremely|superlatively|transcendently|uniquely


word: INCOMPATIBLE
russian_word: несовместимо
example: she declined the offer because it was incompatible with her values
definition: (of two things) so different in nature as to be incapable of coexisting.
antonyms: compatible|complementary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkəmˈpatɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkəmˈpatɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
irreconcilable|conflicting|opposed|opposite|contradictory|antagonistic|antipathetic|clashing|inharmonious|discordant|mutually exclusive

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin incompatibilis, from in- ‘not’ + compatibilis (see compatible).


word: INCOMPETENCE
russian_word: некомпетентность
example: allegations of professional incompetence
definition: inability to do something successfully; ineptitude.
antonyms: competence|prowess
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒmpɪt(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒmpɪt(ə)ns
synonyms:
ineptitude|ineptness|inability|lack of ability|incapability|incapacity|lack of skill|lack of proficiency|amateurishness|inexpertness|clumsiness|ineffectiveness|inadequacy|deficiency|inefficiency|ineffectuality|ineffectualness|insufficiency|cack-handedness|ham-fistedness|uselessness|hopelessness


word: INCOMPETENT
russian_word: некомпетентный
example: a forgetful and utterly incompetent assistant
definition: not having or showing the necessary skills to do something successfully.
antonyms: competent|skilful
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒmpɪt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒmpɪt(ə)nt
synonyms:
inept|unskilful|unskilled|inexpert|amateurish|unprofessional|lacking ability|bungling|blundering|clumsy|unproficient|inadequate|substandard|inferior|ineffective|deficient|inefficient|ineffectual|no good|not good enough|wanting|lacking|leaving much to be desired|incapable|unfitted|unfit|unsuitable|unqualified|useless|pathetic|cack-handed|ham-fisted|not up to it|a dead loss|not up to scratch|not up to snuff|not much cop|half-arsed

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘not legally competent’): from French, or from late Latin incompetent-, from in- ‘not’ + Latin competent- ‘being fit or proper’ (see competent).


word: INCOMPLETE
russian_word: неполный
example: incomplete carvings of cattle
definition: not having all the necessary or appropriate parts.
antonyms: full
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkəmˈpliːt
phonetics_text: ɪnkəmˈpliːt
synonyms:
deficient|insufficient|imperfect|defective|partial|patchy|sketchy|fragmentary|fragmented|scrappy|bitty|lacking|wanting|not entire|not whole|not total|abridged|shortened|qualified|restricted

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin incompletus, from Latin in- ‘not’ + completus ‘filled, finished’ (see complete).


word: INCOMPLETION
russian_word: незавершенность
example: humans with their profound sense of incompletion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkəmˈpliːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnkəmˈpliːʃ(ə)n
definition:
the state of lacking something or of having failed to complete something.|a forward pass which is not caught.


word: INCOMPREHENSIBLE
russian_word: непостижимый
example: a language which is incomprehensible to anyone outside the office
definition: not able to be understood; not intelligible.
antonyms: intelligible|comprehensible|understandable|clear
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unintelligible|indecipherable|incoherent|inarticulate|impossible to understand|impenetrable|unclear|beyond comprehension|beyond one|beyond one's grasp|unfathomable|unaccountable|inexplicable|inscrutable|baffling|bewildering|mystifying|puzzling|confusing|perplexing|abstruse|obscure|opaque|esoteric|recondite|arcane|mysterious|Delphic|complicated|complex|involved|intricate|over one's head|all Greek to someone|double Dutch|wildering

origin:
late Middle English (earlier than comprehensible ): from Latin incomprehensibilis, from in- ‘not’ + comprehensibilis (see comprehensible).


word: INCONCEIVABLE
russian_word: непостижимый
example: they behaved with inconceivable cruelty
definition: not capable of being imagined or grasped mentally; unbelievable.
antonyms: likely
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈsiːvəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈsiːvəb(ə)l
synonyms:
beyond belief|unbelievable|extremely difficult to believe|scarcely credible|incredible|unthinkable|unimaginable|unimagined|extremely unlikely|not in the least likely|extremely implausible|extremely doubtful|impossible|out of the question|preposterous|ridiculous|ludicrous|absurd|incomprehensible|hard to swallow|mind-boggling


word: IN CONCERT
russian_word: заодно
example: we must take action in concert with our European partners|they saw Pink Floyd in concert
definition: acting jointly.|(of music or a performer) giving a public performance; live.
antonyms: alone|independently
synonyms:
together|jointly|in combination|in collaboration|in cooperation|in league|shoulder to shoulder|side by side|cooperatively|concertedly|in unison


word: INCONCLUSIVE
russian_word: неубедительный
example: three years of inconclusive negotiations
definition: not leading to a firm conclusion or result; not ending doubt or dispute.
antonyms: conclusive|open-and-shut
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈkluːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈkluːsɪv
synonyms:
indecisive|proving nothing|resolving nothing|leaving matters open|indefinite|indeterminate|undetermined|unresolved|unproved|unsettled|still open to question|still open to doubt|debatable|unconfirmed|not yet established|moot|vague|ambiguous|up in the air|left hanging


word: INCONGRUENT
russian_word: инконгруэнтный
definition: incongruous; incompatible.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒŋɡrʊənt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒŋɡrʊənt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin incongruent-, from in- ‘not’ + congruent- ‘meeting together’ (see congruent).


word: INCONGRUITY
russian_word: несоответствие
example: the incongruity of his fleshy face and skinny body disturbed her
definition: the state of being incongruous; incompatibility.
antonyms: appropriateness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnkɒŋˈɡruːɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkɒŋˈɡruːɪti
synonyms:
inappropriateness|incongruousness|unsuitability|lack of harmony|discordance|inharmoniousness|dissonance|incompatibility|inconsistency|difference|disparity|discrepancy|irreconcilability|strangeness|oddity|absurdity|bizarreness|extraneousness


word: INCONGRUOUS
russian_word: несоответственный
example: the duffel coat looked incongruous with the black dress she wore underneath
definition: not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects of something.
antonyms: appropriate|harmonious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒŋɡrʊəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒŋɡrʊəs
synonyms:
out of place|out of keeping|inappropriate|unsuitable|unsuited|not in harmony|discordant|dissonant|conflicting|clashing|jarring|wrong|at odds|in opposition|contrary|contradictory|irreconcilable|strange|odd|absurd|bizarre|off-key|extraneous|like a fish out of water|sticking/standing out a mile|disconsonant|ill-matched|ill-assorted|mismatched|unharmonious|inconsistent|incompatible|different|dissimilar|contrasting|disparate|discrepant

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin incongruus (from in- ‘not’ + congruus ‘agreeing, suitable’, from the verb congruere ) + -ous.


word: IN CONJUNCTION
russian_word: вместе
example: herbal medicine was used in conjunction with acupuncture and massage
definition: together.
antonyms: separately
synonyms:
together|jointly|conjointly|in cooperation|cooperatively|in collaboration|in partnership|in combination|as one|in unison|in concert|concertedly|with one accord|in league|in alliance|in collusion|side by side|hand in hand|hand in glove|shoulder to shoulder|cheek by jowl|in cahoots


word: INCONNU
russian_word: белорыбицы
origin: early 19th century: French, literally ‘unknown’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈãkɒnuː
phonetics_text: ˈãkɒnuː|ˌãkɒˈn(j)uː
definition:
an unknown person or thing.|an edible predatory freshwater whitefish related to the salmon, native to Eurasian and North American lakes close to the Arctic Circle.


word: INCONSEQUENT
russian_word: непоследовательный
example: people say the most stupid, inconsequent things when surprised
definition: not connected or following logically; irrelevant.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒnsɪkw(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒnsɪkw(ə)nt
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin inconsequent-, from in- ‘not’ + consequent- ‘overtaking, following closely’ (see consequent).


word: INCONSEQUENTIAL
russian_word: несущественный
example: they talked about inconsequential things
definition: not important or significant.
antonyms: significant|important
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkɒnsɪˈkwɛnʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkɒnsɪˈkwɛnʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
insignificant|unimportant|of little/no importance|of little/no consequence|of little/no account|of no moment|neither here nor there|incidental|inessential|non-essential|immaterial|irrelevant|negligible|inappreciable|inconsiderable|slight|minor|trivial|trifling|petty|paltry|nugatory|not worth mentioning|not worth bothering about|not worth speaking of|insubstantial|silly|lightweight|piddling|fiddling|piffling|small-bore|picayune


word: INCONSIDERABLE
russian_word: незначительный
example: a not inconsiderable amount of money
definition: of small size, amount, or extent.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈsɪd(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈsɪd(ə)rəb(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘impossible to imagine’): from French, or from late Latin inconsiderabilis, from in- ‘not’ + considerabilis ‘worthy of consideration’ (see considerable).


word: INCONSIDERATE
russian_word: опрометчивый
example: it's inconsiderate of her to go away without telling us
definition: thoughtlessly causing hurt or inconvenience to others.
antonyms: considerate|thoughtful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈsɪd(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈsɪd(ə)rət
synonyms:
thoughtless|unthinking|insensitive|selfish|self-centred|self-seeking|unsympathetic|uncaring|unthoughtful|unconcerned|heedless|unmindful|unkind|uncharitable|ungracious|impolite|discourteous|rude|disrespectful|tactless|undiplomatic|indiscreet|indelicate|callous|heartless|unfair|ignorant

origin:
late Middle English (originally in the sense ‘not properly considered’): from Latin inconsideratus, from in- ‘not’ + consideratus ‘examined, considered’ (see considerate).


word: INCONSISTENCY
russian_word: несоответствие
example: the inconsistency between his expressed attitudes and his actual behaviour
definition: the fact or state of being inconsistent.
antonyms: consistency|harmony
origin: mid 17th century: from inconsistent, on the pattern of consistency .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkənˈsɪst(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈsɪst(ə)nsi
synonyms:
unpredictability|inconstancy|lack of consistency|changeableness|variability|instability|irregularity|unevenness|unsteadiness|self-contradiction|self-contradictoriness|contradiction|contrariety|capriciousness|fickleness|unreliability|undependability|flightiness|volatility|erraticism|incompatibility|conflict|difference|dissimilarity|lack of similarity|disagreement|lack of accord|opposition|clash|irreconcilability|lack of congruence|incongruity|lack of harmony|mismatch|discordance|disparity|discrepancy|inconsonance|repugnancy|oppugnancy


word: INCONSISTENT
russian_word: непоследовательный
definition: not staying the same throughout.|not compatible or in keeping with.
antonyms: consistent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈsɪst(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈsɪst(ə)nt
example:
the quality of the material was often inconsistent|he had done nothing inconsistent with his morality

synonyms:
incompatible with|conflicting with|in conflict with|at odds with|at variance with|differing from|different to|in disagreement with|disagreeing with|not in accord with|contrary to|in opposition to|opposed to|irreconcilable with|not in keeping with|out of keeping with|out of place with|out of step with|not in harmony with|incongruous with|discordant with|discrepant with|antithetical to|diametrically opposed to|disconsonant with|inconsonant with|repugnant to|oppugnant to


word: INCONSOLABLE
russian_word: безутешный
example: his widow, Jane, was inconsolable
definition: (of a person or their grief) not able to be comforted or alleviated.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈsəʊləb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈsəʊləb(ə)l
synonyms:
heartbroken|broken-hearted|unable to be comforted|unable to be consoled|grief-stricken|prostrate with grief|beside oneself with grief|devastated|wretched|sick at heart|desolate|despairing|distraught|comfortless|miserable|unhappy|sad|heartsick|dolorous

origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from Latin inconsolabilis, from in- ‘not’ + consolabilis ‘able to be consoled’, from the verb consolari (see console1).


word: INCONSPICUOUS
russian_word: неприметный
example: an inconspicuous red-brick building
definition: not clearly visible or attracting attention.
antonyms: conspicuous|noticeable|high-profile
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈspɪkjʊəs
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈspɪkjʊəs
synonyms:
unobtrusive|unnoticeable|unremarkable|unspectacular|unostentatious|unimposing|undistinguished|unexceptional|modest|unassuming|discreet|hidden|concealed|ordinary|plain|run-of-the-mill|insignificant|characterless|forgettable|unmemorable|in the background|unnoticed|unseen|behind the scenes|out of the public eye|out of the spotlight|backstage|out of the limelight|low-profile|low-key|quiet|retiring

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘invisible, indiscernible’): from Latin inconspicuus (from in- ‘not’ + conspicuus ‘clearly visible’) + -ous.


word: INCONSTANT
russian_word: непостоянный
example: the exact dimensions aren't easily measured since they are inconstant
definition: frequently changing; variable or irregular.
antonyms: constant|consistent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒnst(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒnst(ə)nt
synonyms:
variable|varying|changeable|changing|irregular|shifting|fluctuating|inconsistent|not constant|unsettled|unfixed|mutable|unstable|unsteady|peaky|labile|changeful|fluctuant|variational

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin inconstant-, from in- ‘not’ + constant- ‘standing firm’ (see constant).


word: INCONTESTABLE
russian_word: неоспоримый
definition: not able to be disputed.
antonyms: questionable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈtɛstəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈtɛstəb(ə)l
synonyms:
incontrovertible|indisputable|undeniable|irrefutable|unassailable|beyond dispute|unquestionable|beyond question|indubitable|not in doubt|beyond doubt|beyond a shadow of a doubt|compelling|convincing|clinching|airtight|watertight|unarguable|undebatable|unanswerable|emphatic|categorical|unequivocal|unambiguous|unmistakable|clear|clear-cut|certain|sure|definite|definitive|proven|demonstrable|self-evident|positive|decisive|conclusive|final|ultimate|inarguable|irrefragable|apodictic

origin:
late 17th century: from French, or from medieval Latin incontestabilis, from in- ‘not’ + contestabilis ‘able to be called upon in witness’, from the verb contestari (see contest).


word: INCONTINENT
russian_word: несдержанный
example: elderly, incontinent parents|the incontinent hysteria of the massed pop fans
antonyms: restrained
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒntɪnənt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒntɪnənt
definition:
having no or insufficient voluntary control over urination or defecation.|lacking self-restraint; uncontrolled.

synonyms:
unrestrained|uncontrolled|lacking self-restraint|unbridled|unchecked|ungoverned|uncurbed|unsuppressed|unfettered|untrammelled|uncontrollable|ungovernable

origin:
late Middle English (in incontinent (sense 2)): from Old French, or from Latin incontinent-, from in- ‘not’ + continent- ‘holding together’ (see continent2). incontinent (sense 1) dates from the early 19th century.


word: INCONTROVERTIBLE
russian_word: бесспорный
example: incontrovertible proof
definition: not able to be denied or disputed.
antonyms: questionable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvəːtɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvəːtɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
indisputable|incontestable|undeniable|irrefutable|unassailable|beyond dispute|unquestionable|beyond question|indubitable|not in doubt|beyond doubt|beyond a shadow of a doubt|unarguable|inarguable|undebatable|unanswerable|unequivocal|unambiguous|unmistakable|certain|sure|definite|definitive|proven|positive|decisive|conclusive|final|ultimate|clear|clear-cut|straightforward|plain|as plain as a pikestaff|transparent|obvious|manifest|evident|self-evident|staring one in the face|patent|demonstrative|demonstrable|observable|palpable|uncontroversial|accepted|acknowledged|marked|pronounced|express|emphatic|categorical|compelling|convincing|clinching|airtight|watertight|irrefragable|apodictic


word: INCONVENIENCE
russian_word: неудобство
example: the inconvenience of having to change trains
antonyms: help
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪnkənˈviːnɪəns
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈviːnɪəns
definition:
the state or fact of being troublesome or difficult with regard to one's personal requirements or comfort.

synonyms:
trouble|bother|problems|disruption|nuisance value|disadvantage|difficulty|embarrassment|disturbance|vexation|harassment|worry|anxiety|distress|concern|disquiet|unease|irritation|annoyance|stress|agitation|unpleasantness|aggravation|hassle

origin:
late Middle English (originally in the sense ‘incongruity’, also ‘unsuitability’): via Old French from late Latin inconvenientia ‘incongruity, inconsistency’, from in- ‘not’ + Latin convenient- ‘agreeing, fitting’ (see convenient).


word: INCONVENIENT
russian_word: неудобный
example: she telephoned frequently, usually at inconvenient times
definition: causing trouble, difficulties, or discomfort.
antonyms: convenient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈviːnɪənt
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈviːnɪənt
synonyms:
awkward|difficult|unsuitable|inappropriate|troublesome|bothersome|problematic|disruptive|inopportune|untimely|ill-timed|unfavourable|inexpedient|unfortunate|disadvantageous|tiresome|irritating|vexing|annoying|worrisome|distressing|embarrassing|aggravating|unseasonable

origin:
late Middle English (originally in the sense ‘incongruous’ or ‘unsuitable’): via Old French from Latin inconvenient-, from in- ‘not’ + convenient- ‘agreeing, fitting’ (see convenient). Current senses date from the mid 17th century.


word: INCONVERTIBLE
russian_word: необратимый
definition: not able to be changed in form, function, or character.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkənˈvəːtɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkənˈvəːtɪb(ə)l
origin:
mid 17th century: from French, or from late Latin inconvertibilis, from in- ‘not’ + convertibilis (see convertible).


word: INCOORDINATION
russian_word: несогласованность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnkəʊɔːdɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkəʊɔːdɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
lack of coordination, especially the inability to use different parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently.


word: INCORPORATE
russian_word: включать
antonyms: separate
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
example:
he has incorporated in his proposals a number of measures|limited liability companies could only be incorporated under the 1930 Act

definition:
take in or contain (something) as part of a whole; include.|constitute (a company, city, or other organization) as a legal corporation.

synonyms:
absorb|include|subsume|assimilate|integrate|take in|swallow up|engulf|consolidate|embody|comprise|contain|embrace|build in|encompass

phonetic:
late Middle English: from late Latin incorporat- ‘embodied’, from the verb incorporare, from in- ‘into’ + Latin corporare ‘form into a body’ (from corpus, corpor- ‘body’).


word: INCORPORATION
russian_word: включение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkɔːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnkɔːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the software facilitates the incorporation of active learning in the course|a law allowing incorporation as a company

definition:
the inclusion of something as part of a whole.|the process of constituting a company, city, or other organization as a legal corporation.


word: INCORPOREAL
russian_word: бестелесный
example: a supreme but incorporeal being called God
definition: not composed of matter; having no material existence.
antonyms: tangible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnkɔːˈpɔːrɪəl
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkɔːˈpɔːrɪəl
synonyms:
intangible|impalpable|non-material|non-physical|bodiless|unembodied|disembodied|ethereal|unsubstantial|insubstantial|airy|aerial|spiritual|ghostly|spectral|phantom|wraithlike|transcendental|unearthly|supernatural|unreal|imaginary|illusory|chimerical|hallucinatory|immaterial|discarnate|disincarnate|unbodied|phantasmal|phantasmic

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin incorporeus, from in- ‘not’ + corporeus (from corpus, corpor- ‘body’) + -al.


word: INCORRECT
russian_word: неправильный
example: the doctor gave you incorrect advice|strictly speaking, the form of address was incorrect
definition: not in accordance with fact; wrong.|not in accordance with particular standards or rules.
antonyms: correct
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkəˈrɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪnkəˈrɛkt
synonyms:
wrong|mistaken|in error|erroneous|inaccurate|not accurate|inexact|not exact|imprecise|invalid|untrue|false|fallacious|wide of the mark|off target|misleading|illogical|unsound|unfounded|without foundation|faulty|flawed|off beam|out|way out|full of holes|iffy|abroad

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin incorrectus, from in- ‘not’ + correctus ‘made straight, amended’ (see correct). Originally in the general sense ‘uncorrected’, the word was later applied specifically to a book containing many errors because it had not been corrected for the press; hence incorrect (sense 2) (late 17th century).


word: INCORRIGIBLE
russian_word: неисправимый
example: he’s an incorrigible liar
definition: (of a person or their behaviour) not able to be changed or reformed.
antonyms: occasional|repentant
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkɒrɪdʒɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɒrɪdʒɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
inveterate|habitual|confirmed|hardened|incurable|unreformable|irreformable|irredeemable|intractable|hopeless|beyond hope/redemption|chronic|diehard|deep-dyed|dyed-in-the-wool|long-standing|addicted|hardcore|impenitent|uncontrite|unrepentant|unapologetic|unashamed|impossible

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin incorrigibilis, from in- ‘not’ + corrigibilis (see corrigible).


word: INCORRUPT
russian_word: неподкупный
definition: (especially of a human body) not having undergone decomposition.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkəˈrʌpt
phonetics_text: ɪnkəˈrʌpt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin incorruptus, from in- ‘not’ + corruptus ‘destroyed, marred’ (see corrupt).


word: INCORRUPTIBLE
russian_word: неподкупный
definition: not susceptible to corruption, especially by bribery.|not subject to death or decay; everlasting.
antonyms: venal
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnkəˈrʌptɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnkəˈrʌptɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unbribable|honest|trustworthy|scrupulous|conscientious|principled|high-principled|anti-corruption|proper|correct|honourable|upright|straight|upstanding|high-minded|righteous|right-minded|moral|ethical|good|virtuous|just|noble|respectable|decent

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, or from ecclesiastical Latin incorruptibilis, from in- ‘not’ + corruptibilis ‘corruptible’.


word: INCREASE
russian_word: увеличение
example: car use is increasing at an alarming rate
definition: become or make greater in size, amount, or degree.
antonyms: decrease|reduce
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
grow|get bigger|get larger|become greater|enlarge|expand|swell|rise|climb|escalate|soar|surge|rocket|shoot up|spiral|improve|intensify|strengthen|heighten|lengthen|extend|stretch|spread|widen|multiply|snowball|mushroom|proliferate|balloon|build up|mount up|pile up|accrue|accumulate|wax|add to|make larger|make bigger|make greater|augment|supplement|raise|elevate|inflate|magnify|amplify|make better|boost|ameliorate|enhance|enrich|upgrade|worsen|make worse|exacerbate|aggravate|inflame|compound|reinforce|top up|up|jack up|hike up|hike|bump up|crank up|step up

phonetic:
Middle English (formerly also as encrease ): from Old French encreistre, from Latin increscere, from in- ‘into’ + crescere ‘grow’.


word: INCREASINGLY
russian_word: все больше и больше
example: increasingly, attention is paid to health
definition: to an increasing extent; more and more.
antonyms: less and less
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli
synonyms:
more and more|progressively|to an increasing extent|steadily more|continuously more|gradually more|growingly


word: INCREDIBLE
russian_word: невероятный
example: an almost incredible tale of triumph and tragedy|the noise from the crowd was incredible
definition: impossible to believe.|difficult to believe; extraordinary.
antonyms: believable|likely
origin: late Middle English: from Latin incredibilis, from in- ‘not’ + credibilis (see credible).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkrɛdɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkrɛdɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unbelievable|beyond belief|hard to believe|scarcely credible|unconvincing|far-fetched|strained|laboured|implausible|improbable|highly unlikely|not in the least likely|questionable|dubious|doubtful|inconceivable|unthinkable|unimaginable|impossible|astonishing|astounding|breathtaking|staggering|absurd|preposterous|phenomenal|extraordinary|unimagined|unheard of|fictitious|mythical|fanciful|fantastic|unrealistic|feeble|weak|unsound|thin|transparent|poor|tame|paltry|lame|trifling|shallow|inadequate|unsatisfactory|ineffectual|half-baked|pathetic|hard to swallow/take|tall|cock and bull


word: INCREDULITY
russian_word: недоверчивость
example: he stared down the street in incredulity
definition: the state of being unwilling or unable to believe something.
antonyms: credulity|belief
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkrəˈdjuːləti
phonetics_text: ɪnkrəˈdjuːləti
synonyms:
disbelief|incredulousness|lack of belief|unbelief|lack of credence|doubt|doubtfulness|dubiety|dubiousness|lack of conviction|distrust|mistrust|suspicion|questioning|lack of trust|cynicism|scepticism|wariness|chariness


word: INCREDULOUS
russian_word: недоверчивый
example: an incredulous gasp
definition: (of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something.
antonyms: credulous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkrɛdjʊləs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkrɛdjʊləs
synonyms:
disbelieving|unbelieving|doubtful|dubious|unconvinced|distrustful|distrusting|mistrustful|mistrusting|suspicious|questioning|lacking trust|cynical|sceptical|wary|chary

origin:
16th century: from Latin incredulus (from in- ‘not’ + credulus ‘believing, trusting’, from credere ‘believe’) + -ous.


word: INCREMENT
russian_word: приращение
example: all sizes from 4–30 mm in 1 mm increments
definition: an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale.
antonyms: reduction
origin: late Middle English: from Latin incrementum, from the stem of increscere ‘grow’ (see increase).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɪŋkrɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋkrɪm(ə)nt
synonyms:
increase|addition|gain|augmentation|step up|supplement|addendum|adjunct|accretion|accrual|enlargement|enhancement|boost|advance|hike


word: INCRIMINATE
russian_word: инкриминировать
example: he refused to answer questions in order not to incriminate himself
definition: make (someone) appear guilty of a crime or wrongdoing.
antonyms: absolve|clear
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkrɪmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkrɪmɪneɪt
synonyms:
implicate|involve|blame|accuse|denounce|inform against|blacken the name of|entrap|frame|set up|point the finger at|stick/pin the blame on|rat on|grass on|fit up|inculpate

origin:
mid 18th century (earlier (mid 17th century) as incrimination ): from late Latin incriminat- ‘accused’, from the verb incriminare, from in- ‘into, towards’ + Latin crimen ‘crime’.


word: INCUBATE
russian_word: высиживать
example: the possibility that she was incubating early syphilis
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪŋkjʊbeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋkjʊbeɪt
definition:
(of a bird) sit on (eggs) in order to keep them warm and bring them to hatching.|be developing an infectious disease before symptoms appear.

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin incubat- ‘lain on’, from the verb incubare, from in- ‘upon’ + cubare ‘to lie’.


word: INCUBATOR
russian_word: инкубатор
example: an incubator project
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪŋkjʊbeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋkjʊbeɪtə
definition:
an enclosed apparatus in which premature or unusually small babies are placed and which provides a controlled and protective environment for their care.|a place, especially with support staff and equipment, made available at low rent to new small businesses.


word: INCULCATE
russian_word: прививать
example: I tried to inculcate in my pupils an attitude of enquiry
definition: instil (an idea, attitude, or habit) by persistent instruction.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪnkʌlkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnkʌlkeɪt
synonyms:
instil|implant|fix|ingrain|infuse|impress|imprint|introduce|engender|produce|generate|induce|inspire|promote|foster|hammer into|drum into|drive into|drill into|din into|imbue|brainwash|indoctrinate|teach

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin inculcat- ‘pressed in’, from the verb inculcare, from in- ‘into’ + calcare ‘to tread’ (from calx, calc- ‘heel’).


word: INCULPATE
russian_word: инкриминировать
example: he blamed himself, but also inculpated his fiancée
definition: accuse or blame.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪnkʌlpeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnkʌlpeɪt
origin:
late 18th century: from late Latin inculpat- ‘made culpable’, from the verb inculpare, from in- ‘upon, towards’ + culpare ‘to blame’ (from culpa ‘fault’).


word: INCUMBENT
russian_word: возложенный
antonyms: optional
synonyms: binding|obligatory|mandatory|necessary|compulsory|required|requisite|essential|imperative
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkʌmb(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkʌmb(ə)nt
example:
the government realized that it was incumbent on them to act|the incumbent President was defeated|powerful incumbent airlines

definition:
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.|(of an official or regime) currently holding office.|(of a company) having a sizeable share of a market.

origin:
late Middle English (as a noun): from Anglo-Latin incumbens, incumbent-, from Latin incumbere ‘lie or lean on’, from in- ‘upon’ + a verb related to cubare ‘lie’.


word: INCUNABULUM
russian_word: инкунабула
definition: an early printed book, especially one printed before 1501.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnkjʊˈnabjʊləm
phonetics_text: ˌɪnkjʊˈnabjʊləm
origin:
early 19th century: from Latin incunabula (neuter plural) ‘swaddling clothes, cradle’, from in- ‘into’ + cunae ‘cradle’.


word: INCUR
russian_word: нести
example: I will pay any expenses incurred
antonyms: avoid
origin: late Middle English: from Latin incurrere, from in- ‘towards’ + currere ‘run’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkəː
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkəː
definition:
become subject to (something unwelcome or unpleasant) as a result of one's own behaviour or actions.

synonyms:
suffer|sustain|experience|bring upon oneself|expose oneself to|lay oneself open to|run up|collect|attract|invite|provoke|earn|arouse|induce|cause|give rise to|bring on|be liable/subject to|meet with|draw


word: INCURABLE
russian_word: неизлечимый
example: even when the sick are incurable they are never untreatable
definition: (of a sick person or a disease) not able to be cured.
antonyms: curable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkjʊərəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkjʊərəb(ə)l
synonyms:
untreatable|inoperable|irremediable|beyond cure|terminal|fatal|deadly|mortal|chronic|persistent|long-standing|constantly recurring|long-term|immedicable

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin incurabilis, from in- ‘not’ + curabilis (see curable).


word: INCURIOUS
russian_word: безразличный
example: as for who had written it, she was oddly incurious
definition: not eager to know something; lacking curiosity.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈkjʊərɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkjʊərɪəs
origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘careless’): partly from Latin incuriosus ‘careless, indifferent’, from in- ‘not’ + Latin curiosus ‘careful’ (see curious); partly from in-1 ‘not’ + curious.


word: INCURSION
russian_word: вторжение
example: incursions into enemy territory
definition: an invasion or attack, especially a sudden or brief one.
antonyms: retreat
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkəːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkəːʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
attack on|assault on|raid on|invasion of|storming of|overrunning of|foray into|blitz on|sortie into|sally against/into|advance on/into|push into|thrust into|descent on|intrusion into|trespass on|infiltration of|obtrusion into|appropriation of

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as encursion ): from Latin incursio(n- ), from the verb incurrere (see incur).


word: INCURVATE
russian_word: выгибать
example: the horn-shaped pathway incurvates
definition: curve inwards.
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from Latin incurvat- ‘bent into a curve’, from the verb incurvare .


word: INCUS
russian_word: наковальня
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘anvil’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪŋkəs
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋkəs
definition:
a small anvil-shaped bone in the middle ear, transmitting vibrations between the malleus and stapes.


word: INCUSE
russian_word: вычеканенный
definition: an impression hammered or stamped on a coin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkjuːz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkjuːz
origin:
early 19th century: from Latin incusus ‘forged with a hammer’, past participle of incudere, from in- ‘into’ + cudere ‘to forge’.


word: INDEBTED
russian_word: в долгу
example: heavily indebted countries
definition: owing money.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛtɪd
origin:
Middle English endetted, from Old French endette ‘involved in debt’, past participle of endetter . The spelling change in the 16th century was due to association with medieval Latin indebitare (based on Latin debitum ‘debt’).


word: INDECENCY
russian_word: непристойность
example: seven offences of rape and indecency
definition: indecent behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdiːsnsi
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdiːsnsi
synonyms:
indecent behaviour|gross indecency|pornography|obscenity|rudeness|coarseness|dirtiness|smuttiness|vulgarity|grossness|crudity|crudeness|bawdiness|lewdness|raciness|salaciousness|wickedness|impropriety|indelicacy|unseemliness|impurity|ribaldry|lasciviousness|licentiousness|prurience|profanity|foulness|vileness


word: INDECENT
russian_word: неприличный
example: indecent acts|they leaped on the suggestion with indecent haste
antonyms: decent|proper
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdiːs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdiːs(ə)nt
definition:
not conforming with generally accepted standards of behaviour, especially in relation to sexual matters.|not appropriate or fitting.

synonyms:
obscene|dirty|filthy|rude|coarse|vulgar|gross|crude|bawdy|lewd|racy|risqué|salacious|wicked|improper|indelicate|unseemly|impure|smutty|spicy|raw|off colour|ribald|Rabelaisian|lascivious|licentious|pornographic|offensive|prurient|sordid|scatological|low|profane|foul|vile|blue|naughty|near the knuckle/bone|nudge-nudge|porn|porno|X-rated|triple-X|XXX|raunchy|skin|fruity|saucy|adult

origin:
late 16th century: from French indécent or Latin indecent-, from in- ‘not’ + decent- ‘being fitting’ (see decent).


word: INDECENTLY
russian_word: неприлично
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈdiːs(ə)ntli
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdiːs(ə)ntli
example:
he is accused of indecently touching the girl|they believed that they were unjustly and indecently treated

definition:
in a manner that does not conform with generally accepted standards of behaviour, especially in relation to sexual matters.|in an inappropriate or unfitting manner.


word: INDECIPHERABLE
russian_word: неразборчивый
example: indecipherable scrawls
definition: not able to be read or understood.
antonyms: legible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈsʌɪf(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈsʌɪf(ə)rəb(ə)l
synonyms:
illegible|unreadable|hard to read|indistinguishable|indiscernible|unclear|indistinct|scribbled|scrawled|hieroglyphic|squiggly|shaky|small|cramped|crabbed|pinched|bad|unintelligible|unfathomable|impenetrable|enigmatic|puzzling|mystifying|inexplicable|baffling|bewildering


word: INDECISION
russian_word: нерешительность
example: I've been racked with indecision over what to do next
definition: the inability to make a decision quickly.
antonyms: decision|decisiveness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
indecisiveness|irresolution|irresoluteness|lack of resolution|hesitancy|hesitation|tentativeness|ambivalence|doubt|doubtfulness|unsureness|uncertainty|vacillation|equivocation|oscillation|wavering|teetering|fluctuation|faltering|second thoughts|delay|hanging back|waiting|shilly-shallying|dithering|stalling|temporizing|temporization|havering|humming and hawing|swithering|dilly-dallying|blowing hot and cold|sitting on the fence|dubiety|incertitude|cunctation

origin:
mid 18th century: from French indécision, from in- (expressing negation) + décision, from Latin decisio(n- ), from the verb decidere (see decide).


word: INDECISIVE
russian_word: нерешительный
example: an indecisive battle|he was too indecisive to carry out his political programme
antonyms: decisive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈsʌɪsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈsʌɪsɪv
definition:
not providing a clear and definite result.|(of a person) not able to make decisions quickly and effectively.

synonyms:
inconclusive|proving nothing|settling nothing|open|indeterminate|undecided|unsettled|borderline|indefinite|unclear|ambiguous|contradictory|ambivalent|conflicting|confusing|two-edged|double-edged|paradoxical|up in the air


word: INDECLINABLE
russian_word: несклоняемый
definition: (of a noun, pronoun, or adjective in a highly inflected language) having no inflections.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈklʌɪnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈklʌɪnəb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: via French from Latin indeclinabilis, from in- ‘not’ + declinabilis ‘able to be inflected’ (see decline).


word: INDECOROUS
russian_word: неблагопристойный
example: a pub crawl with sundry indecorous adventures
definition: not in keeping with good taste and propriety; improper.
antonyms: decorous
origin: late 17th century: from Latin indecorus (from in- ‘not’ + decorus ‘seemly’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛk(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛk(ə)rəs
synonyms:
improper|unseemly|unbecoming|undignified|immodest|indecent|indelicate|indiscreet|immoral|shameless|loose|wanton|unvirtuous|inappropriate|incorrect|wrong|unsuitable|inapt|inapposite|undesirable|unfitting|out of keeping|unacceptable|impolite|discourteous|in bad taste|ill-bred|ill-mannered|beyond the pale


word: INDECORUM
russian_word: нарушение приличий
definition: failure to conform to good taste, propriety, or etiquette.
antonyms: decorum
origin: late 16th century (denoting an indecorous act): from Latin, neuter of indecorus (see indecorous).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈkɔːrəm
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈkɔːrəm
synonyms:
impropriety|unseemliness|unbecomingness|indignity|immodesty|indecency|indelicacy|indiscretion|immorality|shamelessness|inappropriateness|incorrectness|unsuitability|inaptness|inappositeness|undesirability|unacceptability|impoliteness|discourtesy|bad taste|ill breeding|bad manners|improperness


word: INDEED
russian_word: действительно
origin: Middle English: originally as in deed .
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈdiːd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdiːd
example:
it was not expected to last long, and indeed it took less than three weeks|the idea is attractive to many men and indeed to many women|‘A ghost indeed! I've never heard anything so silly.’

definition:
used to emphasize a statement or response confirming something already suggested.|used to introduce a further and stronger or more surprising point.|used in a response to express interest, surprise, or contempt.

synonyms:
as expected|to be sure|in fact|in point of fact|as a matter of fact|in truth|truly|actually|really|in reality|as it happens/happened|certainly|surely|for sure|undeniably|veritably|nay|if truth be told|you could say|in sooth|verily|yes|assuredly|emphatically|absolutely|exactly|precisely|of course|definitely|quite|positively|naturally|without (a) doubt|without question|unquestionably|undoubtedly|doubtlessly|indubitably|by all means|you bet|you got it|I'll say


word: INDEFATIGABLE
russian_word: неутомимый
example: an indefatigable defender of human rights
definition: (of a person or their efforts) persisting tirelessly.
antonyms: idle|feeble
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈfatɪɡəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈfatɪɡəb(ə)l
synonyms:
tireless|untiring|never-tiring|unwearied|unwearying|unflagging|energetic|dynamic|enthusiastic|unrelenting|relentless|unremitting|unswerving|unfaltering|unshakeable|indomitable|persistent|tenacious|determined|dogged|single-minded|assiduous|industrious

origin:
early 17th century: from French, or from Latin indefatigabilis, from in- ‘not’ + de- ‘away, completely’ + fatigare ‘wear out’.


word: INDEFENSIBLE
russian_word: непростительный
example: this behaviour is morally indefensible|the towns were tactically indefensible
definition: not justifiable by argument.|not able to be protected against attack.
antonyms: justifiable|excusable|tenable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈfɛnsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈfɛnsɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
inexcusable|unjustifiable|unjustified|unpardonable|unforgivable|inexpiable|uncalled for|unprovoked|gratuitous|without justification|without cause|without reason|unreasonable|unnecessary|regrettable|unacceptable|unworthy|remiss|blameworthy|culpable|reprehensible|censurable|unwarrantable|excessive|immoderate|unconscionable|outrageous|untenable|insupportable|unsustainable|unwarranted|unsound|ill-founded|unfounded|groundless|baseless|flimsy|weak|shaky|flawed|faulty|defective|invalid|specious|arbitrary|implausible|absurd|illogical|irrational|preposterous|senseless


word: INDEFINABLE
russian_word: неопределимый
example: she reminds me, in some indefinable way, of my grandmother
definition: not able to be defined or described exactly.
antonyms: definable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈfʌɪnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈfʌɪnəb(ə)l
synonyms:
hard to define|hard to describe|indescribable|inexpressible|nameless|vague|obscure|indefinite|unanalysable|intangible|impalpable|incorporeal|elusive|fugitive


word: INDEFINITE
russian_word: неопределенный
example: they may face indefinite detention|an indefinite number of generations
definition: lasting for an unknown or unstated length of time.|not clearly expressed or defined; vague.
antonyms: fixed|limited
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛfɪnət
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛfɪnət
synonyms:
unknown|indeterminate|unspecified|unlimited|unrestricted|undecided|undetermined|undefined|unfixed|unsettled|unresolved|uncertain|limitless|infinite|endless|immeasurable

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin indefinitus, from in- ‘not’ + definitus ‘defined, set within limits’ (see definite).


word: INDEFINITELY
russian_word: на неопределенное время
example: talks cannot go on indefinitely
definition: for an unlimited or unspecified period of time.
antonyms: temporarily
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛfɪnətli
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛfɪnətli
synonyms:
for an unspecified time/period|for an unlimited time/period|without a fixed limit|sine die|forever|for always|for good|for good and all|evermore|for ever and ever|for all time|until the end of time|eternally|undyingly|permanently|perpetually|in perpetuity|for evermore|forevermore|for keeps|until the cows come home|until hell freezes over|until the twelfth of never|until doomsday|until kingdom come|for aye


word: INDELIBLE
russian_word: несмываемый
example: an indelible marker pen
definition: (of ink or a pen) making marks that cannot be removed.
antonyms: erasable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛlɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛlɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
ineradicable|inerasable|ineffaceable|unexpungeable|indestructible|permanent|lasting|persisting|enduring|stubborn|ingrained|unfading|imperishable|unforgettable|haunting|memorable|not/never to be forgotten

origin:
late 15th century (as indeleble ): from French, or from Latin indelebilis, from in- ‘not’ + delebilis (from delere ‘efface, delete’). The ending was altered under the influence of -ible.


word: INDELICACY
russian_word: неделикатность
definition: a lack of sensitive understanding or tact.|the quality of being slightly indecent.
antonyms: delicacy|propriety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛlɪkəsi
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛlɪkəsi
example:
the magazine printed the photographs with manifest indelicacy for commercial ends|the play's cynicism and sexual indelicacy

synonyms:
impropriety|unseemliness|unbecomingness|indignity|immodesty|indecency|obscenity|indecorum|indiscretion|immorality|shamelessness|insensitivity|tactlessness|undesirability|unacceptability|impoliteness|discourtesy|bad taste|ill breeding|bad manners


word: INDELICATE
russian_word: неделикатный
definition: having or showing a lack of sensitive understanding or tact.|slightly indecent.
antonyms: tactful
synonyms: insensitive|tactless|undiplomatic|impolitic|indiscreet
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛlɪkət
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛlɪkət
example:
forgive me asking an indelicate question, but how are you off for money?|an earthy, often indelicate sense of humour


word: INDEMNIFY
russian_word: возмещать
definition: compensate (someone) for harm or loss.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛmnɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛmnɪfʌɪ
example:
each of the parties shall indemnify me for all reasonable costs of defending such actions and proceedings

synonyms:
reimburse|compensate|recompense|repay|pay back|remunerate|recoup|requite|make restitution/amends to|settle up with|settle accounts with

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin indemnis ‘unhurt, free from loss or damage’, from in- (expressing negation) + damnum ‘loss, damage’.


word: INDEMNITY
russian_word: возмещение
example: no indemnity will be given for loss of cash
definition: security or protection against a loss or other financial burden.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛmnɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛmnɪti
synonyms:
insurance|protection|security|indemnification|surety|endorsement|guarantee|warranty|safeguard|assurance

origin:
late Middle English: from French indemnite, from late Latin indemnitas, from indemnis ‘unhurt, free from loss’.


word: INDENT
russian_word: отступ
synonyms: move to the right|move further from the margin|start in from the margin
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
type a paragraph of text and indent the first line|a coastline indented by many fjords|we were indenting for paper clips one by one in those days

definition:
start (a line of text) or position (a block of text) further from the margin than the main part of the text.|form deep recesses or notches in (a line or surface).|make a requisition or written order for something.|divide (a document drawn up in duplicate) into its two copies with a zigzag line, thus ensuring identification and preventing forgery.

phonetic:
late Middle English (as a verb in the sense ‘give a zigzag outline to, divide by a zigzag line’): from Anglo-Norman French endenter or medieval Latin indentare, from en-, in- ‘into’ + Latin dens, dent- ‘tooth’.


word: INDENTATION
russian_word: отступ
example: paragraphs are marked off by indentation|coastal indentations
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɛnˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪndɛnˈteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of indenting or the state of being indented.|a deep recess or notch on the edge or surface of something.

synonyms:
hollow|depression|dent|dint|cavity|concavity|dip|pit|trough|crater|dimple|cleft|slot|snick|notch|nick|mark|cut|gouge|gash|recess|alcove|niche|bay|inlet|cove|creek|fjord|firth|ria|fossa|lacuna


word: INDENTURE
russian_word: соглашение в двух экземплярах
definition: a legal agreement, contract, or document.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛntʃə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛntʃə
synonyms:
contract|agreement|covenant|compact|bond|pledge|promise|warrant|undertaking|commitment|settlement|arrangement|understanding|lease|guarantee|warranty|certificate|deed|document|instrument|engagement

origin:
late Middle English endenture, via Anglo-Norman French from medieval Latin indentura, from indentatus, past participle of indentare (see indent1).


word: INDEPENDENCE
russian_word: независимость
example: Argentina gained independence from Spain in 1816
definition: the fact or state of being independent.
antonyms: dependence|subservience
origin: mid 17th century: from independent, partly on the pattern of French indépendance .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈpɛnd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈpɛnd(ə)ns
synonyms:
self-government|self-rule|home rule|self-legislation|self-determination|sovereignty|autonomy|non-alignment|freedom|liberty|autarky|self-sufficiency|self-reliance|self-support|self-sustenance|self-standing


word: INDEPENDENT
russian_word: независимый
antonyms: constrained|orthodox
origin: early 17th century (as an adjective): partly on the pattern of French indépendant .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈpɛnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈpɛnd(ə)nt
example:
an independent nuclear deterrent|I wanted to remain independent in old age|advice for independent travellers|treating each factory as an independent unit of production

definition:
free from outside control; not subject to another's authority.|not depending on another for livelihood or subsistence.|capable of thinking or acting for oneself.|not connected with another or with each other; separate.

synonyms:
freethinking|individualistic|unconventional|maverick|free|liberated|bold|free-spirited|unconstrained|unrestrained|unfettered|untrammelled|unhampered|undisciplined|wild|wilful|headstrong|contrary


word: INDEPENDENTLY
russian_word: независимо
antonyms: accompanied|jointly|assisted
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈpɛnd(ə)ntli
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈpɛnd(ə)ntli
example:
the independently run museum receives no public funding|disabled people living independently in their own homes|decisions are made independently of consumers

definition:
in a way that is free from outside control or influence.|without outside help; unaided.|in a way that is not connected with another; individually.

synonyms:
alone|all alone|on one's own|in a solitary state|separately|singly|solitarily|unaccompanied|solo|unaided|unassisted|without help|without assistance|by one's own efforts|under one's own steam|single-handed(ly)|off one's own bat|on one's own initiative|autonomously|as one's own boss|by one's lonesome|on one's tod|on one's lonesome|on one's jack|on one's Jack Jones|severally


word: IN DEPTH
russian_word: тщательно
example: research students pursue a specific aspect of a subject in depth
definition: comprehensively and thoroughly.
antonyms: superficially
synonyms:
thoroughly|extensively|comprehensively|well|rigorously|exhaustively|completely|fully|meticulously|scrupulously|assiduously|painstakingly|methodically


word: INDESCRIBABLE
russian_word: неописуемый
example: most prisoners suffered indescribable hardship
definition: too unusual, extreme, or indefinite to be adequately described.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈskrʌɪbəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈskrʌɪbəb(ə)l
synonyms:
inexpressible|undefinable|beyond words/description|beggaring description|nameless|incommunicable|ineffable|unutterable|unspeakable|intense|extreme|acute|strong|powerful|profound|incredible|extraordinary|remarkable|prodigious|indefinite|unanalysable|intangible|impalpable|elusive|fugitive


word: INDESTRUCTIBLE
russian_word: нерушимый
example: indestructible plastic containers
definition: not able to be destroyed.
antonyms: fragile|ephemeral
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈstrʌktɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈstrʌktɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unbreakable|shatterproof|non-breakable|toughened|sturdy|stout|hard-wearing|heavy-duty|resistant|durable|lasting|made to last|enduring|everlasting|perennial|deathless|undying|immortal|endless|inextinguishable|imperishable|ineradicable|long-lasting|adamantine|infrangible


word: IN DETAIL
russian_word: подробно
example: we will have to examine the proposals in detail
definition: as regards every feature or aspect; fully.
synonyms:
thoroughly|in depth|exhaustively|from top to bottom|minutely|closely|point by point|item by item|blow by blow|meticulously|rigorously|scrupulously|assiduously|conscientiously|painstakingly|methodically|carefully|sedulously|completely|comprehensively|fully|to the fullest extent|intensively|extensively


word: INDETERMINABLE
russian_word: неопределимый
example: a woman of indeterminable age
definition: not able to be definitely ascertained, calculated, or identified.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈtəːmɪnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈtəːmɪnəb(ə)l
origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘unable to be limited’): from late Latin indeterminabilis, from in- ‘not’ + determinabilis (see determinable).


word: INDETERMINATE
russian_word: неопределенный
example: the carpet is an indeterminate dull shade
antonyms: known|definite|clear
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈtəːmɪnət
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈtəːmɪnət
definition:
not exactly known, established, or defined.|(of a shoot) not having all the axes terminating in a flower bud and so potentially of indefinite length.

synonyms:
undetermined|undefined|unspecified|unfixed|unsettled|indefinite|unknown|uncounted|uncertain|unpredictable|vague|unspecific|unclear|obscure|nebulous|indistinct|some kind of|ambiguous|ambivalent|equivocal|amorphous|shapeless|formless|unformed|unshaped|structureless|unstructured|inexact|imprecise|inexplicit|ill-defined|hazy|faint|shadowy|dim|nebulose

origin:
early 17th century: from late Latin indeterminatus, from in- ‘not’ + Latin determinatus ‘limited, determined’ (see determinate).


word: INDETERMINISM
russian_word: индетерминизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈtəːmɪnɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈtəːmɪnɪz(ə)m
definition:
the doctrine that not all events are wholly determined by antecedent causes.|the state of being uncertain or undecided.


word: INDEX
russian_word: индекс
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɪndɛks
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɛks
example:
clear cross references supplemented by a thorough index|exam results may serve as an index of the teacher's effectiveness

definition:
(in a book or set of books) an alphabetical list of names, subjects, etc. with reference to the pages on which they are mentioned.|a sign or measure of something.|an exponent or other superscript or subscript number appended to a quantity.|a pointer on an instrument, showing a quantity, a position on a scale, etc.

synonyms:
guide|clue|hint|indication|indicator|lead|sign|signal|mark|token|evidence|symptom|implication|intimation|suggestion

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin index, indic- ‘forefinger, informer, sign’, from in- ‘towards’ + a second element related to dicere ‘say’ or dicare ‘make known’; compare with indicate. The original sense ‘index finger’ (with which one points), came to mean ‘pointer’ (late 16th century), and figuratively something that serves to point to a fact or conclusion; hence a list of topics in a book (‘pointing’ to their location).


word: INDEXICAL
russian_word: индексальные
origin: early 20th century: coined in this sense by the American philosopher C. S. Peirce.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛksɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛksɪk(ə)l
definition:
relating to or denoting a word or expression whose meaning is dependent on the context in which it is used (such as here, you, me, that one there, or next Tuesday ).


word: INDEXING
russian_word: индексация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɛksɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɛksɪŋ
example:
staff will benefit from a streamlined process with more accurate indexing of documents|a lathe with a cross-slide and an indexing arrangement

definition:
the action or process of compiling an index.|the movement of a machine or part of one from one predetermined position to another in order to carry out a sequence of operations.


word: INDEX NUMBER
russian_word: индекс
example: the official index numbers of agricultural production show declining production
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a number showing the variation in a price or value compared with the price or value at a specified earlier time (often represented by the number 100).


word: INDIAN
russian_word: индеец
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪən
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪən
definition:
relating to India or its people, customs, or languages.|relating to or denoting indigenous peoples of North, Central, and South America, especially those of North America.


word: INDICAN
russian_word: индикана
definition: a potassium salt present in urine, in which it occurs as a product of the metabolism of indole.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪkan
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪkan
origin:
mid 19th century: from Latin indicum ‘indigo’ (because of its early use denoting an indoxyl glucoside occurring in the leaves of indigo plants) + -an.


word: INDICATE
russian_word: указывать
synonyms: designate|specify|stipulate|show
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪndɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪkeɪt
example:
dotted lines indicate the text's margins|treatment for shock may be indicated|Cal indicated and moved across the road

definition:
point out; show.|suggest as a desirable or necessary course of action.|(of a driver or motor vehicle) signal an intention to change lanes or turn using an indicator.

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin indicat- ‘pointed out’, from the verb indicare, from in- ‘towards’ + dicare ‘make known’.


word: INDICATION
russian_word: индикация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the visit was an indication of the improvement in relations between the countries|heavy bleeding is a common indication for hysterectomy

definition:
a sign or piece of information that indicates something.|a symptom that suggests certain medical treatment is necessary.

synonyms:
sign|indicator|symptom|mark|manifestation|signal|demonstration|evidence|attestation|proof|omen|augury|portent|warning|forewarning|pointer|guide|hint|clue


word: INDICATIVE
russian_word: указывающий
example: having recurrent dreams is not necessarily indicative of any psychological problem
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪkətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪkətɪv
definition:
serving as a sign or indication of something.|denoting a mood of verbs expressing simple statement of a fact.

synonyms:
symptomatic|expressive|suggestive|evocative|typical|characteristic|representative|symbolic|emblematic|indicatory

origin:
late Middle English: from French indicatif, -ive, from late Latin indicativus, from the verb indicare (see indicate).


word: INDICATOR
russian_word: индикатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪkeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪkeɪtə
example:
car ownership is frequently used as an indicator of affluence|a speed indicator|the remaining alkali is titrated against standard acid using phenolphthalein as indicator

definition:
a thing that indicates the state or level of something.|a gauge or meter of a specified kind.|a compound that changes colour at a specific pH value or in the presence of a particular substance, and can be used to monitor acidity, alkalinity, or the progress of a reaction.

synonyms:
measure|gauge|barometer|index|mark|sign|signal|guide to|standard|touchstone|yardstick|benchmark|criterion|point of reference|guideline|test|litmus test


word: INDICT
russian_word: обвинять
example: his former manager was indicted for fraud
definition: formally accuse of or charge with a crime.
antonyms: acquit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌɪt
synonyms:
charge with|accuse of|arraign for|take to court for|put on trial for|bring to trial for|prosecute for|summons|cite|make accusations about|lay charges against|file charges against|prefer charges against|impeach for

origin:
Middle English endite, indite, from Anglo-Norman French enditer, based on Latin indicere ‘proclaim, appoint’, from in- ‘towards’ + dicere ‘pronounce, utter’.


word: INDICTABLE
russian_word: подсудный
example: company law contains a total of 138 indictable offences
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌɪtəb(ə)l
definition:
(of an offence) rendering the person who commits it liable to be charged with a serious crime that warrants a trial by jury.


word: INDICTION
russian_word: индикта
origin: from Latin indictio(n- ), from the verb indicere (see indict).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪkʃ(ə)n
definition:
a fiscal period of fifteen years used as a means of dating events and transactions in the Roman Empire and in the papal and some royal courts. The system was instituted by the Emperor Constantine in AD 313 and was used in some places until the 16th century.


word: INDICTMENT
russian_word: обвинение
antonyms: acquittal
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌɪtm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌɪtm(ə)nt
example:
an indictment for conspiracy|these rapidly escalating crime figures are an indictment of our society

definition:
a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime.|a thing that serves to illustrate that a system or situation is bad and deserves to be condemned.

synonyms:
charge|accusation|arraignment|citation|summons|allegation|imputation|plaint|impeachment|beef|inculpation

origin:
Middle English enditement, inditement, from Anglo-Norman French enditement, from enditer (see indict).


word: INDIE
russian_word: инди
origin: 1920s (first used with reference to film production): abbreviation of independent.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɪndi
phonetics_text: ˈɪndi
definition:
(of a pop group, record label, or film company) not belonging or affiliated to a major record or film company.


word: INDIFFERENCE
russian_word: безразличие
example: she shrugged, feigning indifference|the indifference of Chelsea's midfield
definition: lack of interest, concern, or sympathy.|mediocrity.
antonyms: heed|care
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
lack of concern about|unconcern about|apathy about/towards|nonchalance about|lack of interest in|disregard for|obliviousness to|uninvolvement in/with|heedlessness of|mindlessness of|carelessness of|dismissiveness of|boredom with|weariness of|unresponsiveness to|lack of enthusiasm about|impassiveness|impassivity|dispassionateness|aloofness|insouciance|detachment|distance|coldness|coolness|unresponsiveness|passionlessness|emotionlessness|lack of feeling|lack of sympathy|callousness|poco-curantism

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘being neither good nor bad’): from Latin indifferentia, from in- ‘not’ + different- ‘differing, deferring’ (from the verb differre ).


word: INDIFFERENT
russian_word: безразличный
example: he gave an indifferent shrug|a pair of indifferent watercolours
definition: having no particular interest or sympathy; unconcerned.|neither good nor bad; mediocre.
antonyms: heedful|caring
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)nt
synonyms:
unconcerned about|apathetic about/towards|uncaring about|casual about|nonchalant about|offhand about|uninterested in|uninvolved in/with|heedless of|mindless of|careless of|regardless of|oblivious to|reckless about|cavalier about|frivolous about|dismissive of|unimpressed by|bored by|weary of|unmoved by|unresponsive to|lukewarm about|unenthusiastic about|phlegmatic about|impassive|dispassionate|aloof|insouciant|detached|distant|cold|cool|unresponsive|passionless|unemotional|emotionless|unmoved|unfeeling|unsympathetic|callous|pococurante

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘having no partiality for or against’): via Old French from Latin indifferent- ‘not making any difference’, from in- ‘not’ + different- ‘differing’ (see different).


word: INDIGENCE
russian_word: бедность
example: he did valuable work towards the relief of indigence
definition: a state of extreme poverty; destitution.
antonyms: wealth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪdʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪdʒ(ə)ns
synonyms:
poverty|penury|impoverishment|impecuniousness|impecuniosity|destitution|pennilessness|privation|hand-to-mouth existence|pauperism|insolvency|bankruptcy|ruin|ruination|need|neediness|want|dire straits|deprivation|disadvantage|hardship|distress|financial distress|difficulties|beggary|mendicancy|vagrancy|pauperdom


word: INDIGENE
russian_word: туземец
definition: an indigenous person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪdʒiːn
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪdʒiːn
origin:
late 16th century: from French indigène, from Latin indigena, from indi- (strengthened form of in- ‘into’) + an element related to gignere ‘beget’.


word: INDIGENIZATION
russian_word: коренизации
example: the indigenization of education in Africa would include a focus on local languages and histories
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌdɪdʒənʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˌdɪdʒənʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action or process of bringing something under the control, dominance, or influence of the people native to an area.


word: INDIGENOUS
russian_word: местный
example: the indigenous peoples of Siberia
definition: originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.
antonyms: expatriate|migrant|adventitious
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin indigena ‘a native’ (see indigene) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs
synonyms:
native|aboriginal|local|original|earliest|first|initial|ancient|primeval|primordial|autochthonous|autochthonic


word: INDIGENT
russian_word: неимущий
example: a charity for the relief of indigent artists
definition: poor; needy.
antonyms: rich
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪdʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪdʒ(ə)nt
synonyms:
poor|impecunious|destitute|penniless|impoverished|poverty-stricken|down and out|pauperized|without a penny to one's name|insolvent|ruined|needy|in need|in want|hard up|on the breadline|hard-pressed|deprived|disadvantaged|distressed|badly off|beggarly|beggared|on one's uppers|up against it|broke|flat broke|strapped (for cash)|without a brass farthing|without a bean|without a sou|as poor as a church mouse|on one's beam-ends|stony broke|skint|boracic (lint)|stone broke|without a red cent|on skid row|penurious

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin indigent- ‘lacking’, from the verb indigere, from indi- (strengthened form of in- ‘into’) + egere ‘to need’.


word: INDIGESTIBLE
russian_word: неудобоваримый
example: haute cuisine was largely indigestible to the majority|a turgid and indigestible book
definition: (of food) difficult or impossible to digest.|too complex or awkward to read or understand easily.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈdʒɛstɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈdʒɛstɪb(ə)l|ɪndʌɪˈdʒɛstɪb(ə)l
origin:
late 15th century: via French from late Latin indigestibilis, from in- ‘not’ + digestibilis (see digestible).


word: INDIGESTION
russian_word: расстройство желудка
example: you know crisps give me indigestion
definition: pain or discomfort in the stomach associated with difficulty in digesting food.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈdʒɛstʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈdʒɛstʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
dyspepsia|hyperacidity|acidity|heartburn|(a) stomach ache|(an) upset stomach|(a) stomach upset|a gastric upset|(a) bellyache|(a) tummy ache|collywobbles|pyrosis

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin indigestio(n- ), from in- (expressing negation) + digestio (see digestion).


word: INDIGNANT
russian_word: возмущенный
example: he was indignant at being the object of suspicion
definition: feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment.
antonyms: content
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪɡnənt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪɡnənt
synonyms:
aggrieved|resentful|affronted|disgruntled|discontented|dissatisfied|angry|distressed|unhappy|disturbed|hurt|pained|upset|offended|piqued|in high dudgeon|riled|nettled|vexed|irked|irritated|annoyed|put out|chagrined|peeved|miffed|aggravated|in a huff|cheesed off|browned off|not best pleased|sore|steamed|pissed off|pissed

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin indignant- ‘regarding as unworthy’, from the verb indignari, from in- ‘not’ + dignus ‘worthy’.


word: INDIGNATION
russian_word: возмущение
example: the letter filled Lucy with indignation
definition: anger or annoyance provoked by what is perceived as unfair treatment.
antonyms: contentment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪndɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
resentment|umbrage|affront|disgruntlement|anger|distress|unhappiness|discontent|dissatisfaction|displeasure|hurt|pain|upset|offence|pique|spleen|crossness|exasperation|vexation|irritation|annoyance|chagrin|aggravation|ire

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘disdain, contempt’): from Latin indignatio(n- ), from indignari ‘regard as unworthy’.


word: INDIGNITY
russian_word: унижение
example: the indignity of needing financial help
definition: treatment or circumstances that cause one to feel shame or to lose one's dignity.
antonyms: honour|glory
origin: late 16th century: from French indignité or Latin indignitas, from indignari ‘regard as unworthy’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪɡnɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪɡnɪti
synonyms:
shame|humiliation|loss of self-respect|loss of pride|embarrassment|mortification|abasement|degradation|disgrace|dishonour|stigma|disrepute|discredit|opprobrium|scandal|infamy|ignobility|loss of face|affront|insult|abuse|mistreatment|injury|offence|injustice|outrage|slight|snub|contempt|disrespect|discourtesy|slap in the face|kick in the teeth|obloquy


word: INDIGO
russian_word: индиго
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪɡəʊ
definition:
a tropical plant of the pea family, which was formerly widely cultivated as a source of dark blue dye.|the dark blue dye obtained from the indigo plant.

origin:
mid 16th century: from Portuguese índigo, via Latin from Greek indikon, from indikos ‘Indian (dye)’ (see Indic).


word: INDIRECT
russian_word: косвенный
antonyms: direct
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈrɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈrɛkt|ɪndʌɪˈrɛkt
example:
full employment would have an indirect effect on wage levels|he took a careful, indirect route home from his dockside rendezvous|an indirect attack on the Archbishop

definition:
not directly caused by or resulting from something.|(of a route) not straight; not following the shortest way.|avoiding direct mention or exposition of a subject.

synonyms:
incidental|accidental|unintended|secondary|subordinate|ancillary|collateral|concomitant|accompanying|contingent|resulting|resultant|consequential|derived|derivative

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘not in full grammatical concord’): from medieval Latin indirectus, from in- ‘not’ + directus (see direct).


word: INDIRECTLY
russian_word: косвенно
antonyms: directly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈrɛk(t)li
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈrɛk(t)li
example:
the losses indirectly affect us all|I heard of the damage indirectly|both writers refer, if only indirectly, to a wealth of other art

definition:
in a way that is not directly caused by something; incidentally.|without having had direct experience; at second hand.|through implication; obliquely.

synonyms:
incidentally|accidentally|secondarily|concomitantly|contingently|consequentially|second-hand|at second hand|in a roundabout way|from others|on the grapevine|on the bush/jungle telegraph|obliquely|by implication|by hinting|allusively


word: INDISCERNIBLE
russian_word: неразличимый
example: an indiscernible shape among the shadows
definition: impossible to see or clearly distinguish.
antonyms: discernible|distinct
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈsəːnɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈsəːnɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unnoticeable|imperceptible|invisible|undetectable|indistinguishable|unapparent|inappreciable|barely perceptible|impalpable|unobtrusive|impossible to detect|hidden|tiny|minute|minuscule|microscopic|nanoscopic|infinitesimal|negligible|inconsequential|slight|subtle|faint|fine|indistinct|unclear|fuzzy|obscure|vague|indefinite|nebulous|amorphous|shadowy|dim|hard to make out|unintelligible|incomprehensible|hard to understand|inaudible|blear


word: INDISCREET
russian_word: нескромный
example: they have been embarrassed by indiscreet friends
antonyms: discreet
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈskriːt
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈskriːt
definition:
having, showing, or proceeding from too great a readiness to reveal things that should remain private or secret.

synonyms:
imprudent|impolitic|unwise|injudicious|incautious|irresponsible|ill-judged|ill-advised|misguided|ill-considered|careless|rash|unwary|hasty|reckless|precipitate|impulsive|foolhardy|foolish|short-sighted|undiplomatic|indelicate|tactless|insensitive|inexpedient|untimely|infelicitous

origin:
late Middle English (originally as indiscrete in the sense ‘lacking discernment or judgement’): from late Latin indiscretus ‘not separate or distinguishable’ (in medieval Latin ‘careless, indiscreet’), from in- ‘not’ + discretus ‘separate’ (see discreet). Compare with indiscrete.


word: INDISCRETE
russian_word: компактный
definition: not divided into distinct parts.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈskriːt
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈskriːt
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘not separate or distinguishable’; originally as indiscreet ): from Latin indiscretus, from in- ‘not’ + discretus ‘separate’ (see discreet). Compare with indiscreet.


word: INDISCRETION
russian_word: неосторожность
example: he knew himself all too prone to indiscretion
definition: behaviour or speech that is indiscreet or displays a lack of good judgement.
antonyms: discretion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈskrɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈskrɛʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
imprudence|injudiciousness|lack of caution|incaution|irresponsibility|carelessness|rashness|unwariness|haste|recklessness|precipitateness|impulsiveness|foolhardiness|foolishness|folly|poor judgement|short-sightedness|indelicacy|tactlessness|lack of diplomacy|insensitivity|blunder|lapse|gaffe|mistake|error|breach of etiquette|slip|miscalculation|impropriety|misdemeanour|transgression|peccadillo|offence|misdeed|crime|felony|sin|wrongdoing|misconduct|mischief|mischievousness|wickedness|misbehaviour|bad behaviour|faux pas|slip-up|trespass

origin:
Middle English: from late Latin indiscretio(n- ), from in- (expressing negation) + discretio ‘separation’ (in late Latin ‘discernment’), from discernere ‘separate out, discern’.


word: INDISCRIMINATE
russian_word: беспорядочный
example: the indiscriminate use of antibiotics can cause problems
definition: done at random or without careful judgement.
antonyms: selective|discriminating|systematic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət
synonyms:
non-selective|unselective|undiscriminating|uncritical|aimless|hit-or-miss|haphazard|random|unsystematic|unmethodical|wholesale|general|sweeping|blanket|broad-based|wide|catholic|eclectic|varied|miscellaneous|heterogeneous|motley|confused|chaotic|thoughtless|unthinking|unconsidered|casual|careless|promiscuous

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘haphazard, not selective’): from in-1 ‘not’ + Latin discriminatus, past participle of discriminare (see discriminate).


word: INDISPENSABLE
russian_word: незаменимый
example: he made himself indispensable to the parish priest
definition: absolutely necessary.
antonyms: dispensable|superfluous|non-essential
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈspɛnsəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈspɛnsəb(ə)l
synonyms:
essential|crucial|necessary|key|vital|needed|required|called for|requisite|important|all-important|vitally important|of the utmost importance|of great consequence|of the essence|critical|life-and-death|imperative|mandatory|compulsory|obligatory|compelling|urgent|pressing|burning|acute|paramount|pre-eminent|high-priority|significant|consequential

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘not to be allowed or provided for by ecclesiastical dispensation’): from medieval Latin indispensabilis, from in- ‘not’ + dispensabilis (see dispensable).


word: INDISPOSED
russian_word: нерасположенный
example: my mother is indisposed|the potential audience seemed indisposed to attend
definition: slightly unwell.|averse; unwilling.
antonyms: well
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈspəʊzd
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈspəʊzd
synonyms:
ill|unwell|sick|on the sick list|infirm|poorly|ailing|not (very) well|not oneself|not in good shape|out of sorts|not up to par|under/below par|in bed|bedridden|confined to bed|laid up|out of commission|out of action|off|off colour|hors de combat|under the weather

origin:
late Middle English: from in-1 ‘not’ + disposed, or past participle of indispose  ‘make unwell or unwilling’.


word: INDISPOSITION
russian_word: недомогание
definition: mild illness.|lack of enthusiasm or inclination; reluctance.
antonyms: willingness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪndɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
example:
she was chiefly confined by indisposition to her bedroom|indisposition to motion, exertion, or change

synonyms:
illness|ailment|disorder|sickness|affliction|malady|infirmity|malaise|disease|infection|upset|condition|complaint|problem|trouble|ill health|bug|virus|lurgy|wog|reluctance|unwillingness|disinclination|unpreparedness|slowness|hesitation|hesitancy|aversion|resistance|opposition|nervousness about|antipathy towards|dislike of|distaste for|lack of enthusiasm for


word: INDISPUTABLE
russian_word: неоспоримый
example: a far from indisputable fact
definition: unable to be challenged or denied.
antonyms: questionable
origin: mid 16th century: from late Latin indisputabilis, from in- ‘not’ + disputabilis (see disputable).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈspjuːtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈspjuːtəb(ə)l|ɪnˈdɪspjʊtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
incontrovertible|incontestable|undeniable|irrefutable|unassailable|beyond dispute|unquestionable|beyond question|indubitable|not in doubt|beyond doubt|beyond a shadow of a doubt|unarguable|inarguable|undebatable|unanswerable|unequivocal|unambiguous|unmistakable|certain|sure|definite|definitive|proven|positive|decisive|conclusive|final|ultimate|clear|clear-cut|straightforward|plain|as plain as a pikestaff|transparent|obvious|manifest|evident|self-evident|staring one in the face|patent|demonstrative|demonstrable|observable|palpable|uncontroversial|accepted|acknowledged|marked|pronounced|express|emphatic|categorical|compelling|convincing|clinching|airtight|watertight|irrefragable|apodictic


word: INDISTINCT
russian_word: неясный
example: his speech was slurred and indistinct
definition: not clear or sharply defined.
antonyms: distinct|clear|legible|loud
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈstɪŋkt
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈstɪŋkt
synonyms:
blurred|out of focus|fuzzy|hazy|misty|foggy|cloudy|shadowy|smoky|dim|nebulous|unclear|obscure|vague|faint|indefinite|indistinguishable|barely perceptible|undefined|lacking definition|hard to see|hard to make out|blear|obfuscated|nebulose|indecipherable|illegible|barely legible|unreadable|unintelligible|unfathomable|hard to read|ill-defined|formless|indeterminate|pale|faded|smudged|as clear as mud|muffled|muted|dull|low|quiet|soft|weak|feeble|inaudible|scarcely audible|scarcely perceptible|hard to hear|muttered|mumbled|stifled|strangled|smothered|suppressed

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin indistinctus, from in- ‘not’ + distinctus ‘separated, distinguished’ (see distinct).


word: INDISTINGUISHABLE
russian_word: неразличимый
example: the counterfeit bills were virtually indistinguishable from the real thing
definition: not able to be identified as different or distinct.
antonyms: dissimilar|easy to tell apart|clear|distinguishable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəb(ə)l
synonyms:
identical|almost identical|the same|alike|very similar|cut from the same cloth|two of a kind|difficult to tell apart|as like as two peas in a pod|like Tweedledum and Tweedledee|unintelligible|incomprehensible|hard to understand|hard to make out|indistinct|unclear|indefinite|inappreciable|indiscernible|imperceptible|inaudible


word: INDIUM
russian_word: индий
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈɪndɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 49, a soft silvery-white metal occurring naturally in association with zinc and some other metals.

origin:
mid 19th century: from indigo (because there are two characteristic indigo lines in its spectrum) + -ium.


word: INDIVIDUAL
russian_word: индивидуальный
example: individual tiny flowers|the individual needs of the children
definition: single; separate.|of or for a particular person.
synonyms: single|separate|discrete|independent|sole|lone|solitary|isolated
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)l|ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊ(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘indivisible’): from medieval Latin individualis, from Latin individuus, from in- ‘not’ + dividuus ‘divisible’ (from dividere ‘to divide’).


word: INDIVIDUALISM
russian_word: индивидуализм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)lɪz(ə)m
example:
a culture that celebrates individualism and wealth|encouragement has been given to individualism, free enterprise, and the pursuit of profit

definition:
the habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant.|a social theory favouring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

synonyms:
independence|self-direction|self-reliance|freethinking|free thought|originality|unconventionality|eccentricity|libertarianism


word: INDIVIDUALIST
russian_word: индивидуалистический
example: a rugged individualist driven to succeed|a staunch individualist who hates state interference
antonyms: conformist
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊ(ə)lɪst
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈvɪdjʊ(ə)lɪst
definition:
a person who is independent and self-reliant.|an advocate of a social theory favouring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

synonyms:
free spirit|individual|nonconformist|unorthodox person|unconventional person|original|eccentric|bohemian|maverick|rare bird|rarity|lone wolf|outsider|rara avis|one-off|loner


word: INDIVIDUALISTIC
russian_word: индивидуалистический
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪndɪvɪdʒʊəˈlɪstɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪvɪdʒʊəˈlɪstɪk
example:
individualistic cultures where individuals strive for self-realization|her work is quirky and genuinely individualistic

definition:
more interested in individual people than in society as a whole.|marked by or expressing individuality; unconventional.

synonyms:
unconventional|unorthodox|uncommon|atypical|singular|unique|original|off-centre|nonconformist|independent|freethinking|liberated|unconstrained|unfettered|untrammelled|free-spirited|pioneering|groundbreaking|eccentric|bohemian|maverick|strange|odd|peculiar|idiosyncratic


word: INDIVIDUALITY
russian_word: индивидуальность
example: clothes with real style and individuality|anything but individuality, anything but aloneness
origin: early 17th century: in early use from medieval Latin individualitas .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪndɪvɪdʒʊˈalɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪndɪvɪdʒʊˈalɪti
definition:
the quality or character of a particular person or thing that distinguishes them from others of the same kind, especially when strongly marked.|separate existence.

synonyms:
uniqueness|originality|singularity|particularity|peculiarity|distinctiveness|distinction|differentness|separateness|personality|character|identity|self


word: INDIVIDUALIZE
russian_word: индивидуализировать
definition: tailor (something) to suit a particular individual.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊ(ə)lʌɪz
example:
the study emphasizes the need to individualize treatment based on patient characteristics and preferences


word: INDIVIDUATE
russian_word: индивидуализировать
example: it is easy to individuate and enumerate the significant elements
definition: distinguish from others of the same kind; single out.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊeɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin individuat- ‘singled out’, from the verb individuare, from Latin individuus, from in- ‘into’ + dividuus ‘divisible’ (from dividere ‘to divide’).


word: INDOCTRINATE
russian_word: внушать принципы
example: broadcasting was a vehicle for indoctrinating the masses
definition: teach (a person or group) to accept a set of beliefs uncritically.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdɒktrɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɒktrɪneɪt
synonyms:
brainwash|propagandize|proselytize|inculcate|re-educate|persuade|convince|condition|discipline|mould|instruct|teach|school|drill|ground

origin:
early 17th century: formerly also as endoctrinate ): from en-1, in-2 ‘into’ + doctrine + -ate3, or from obsolete indoctrine (verb), from French endoctriner, based on doctrine ‘doctrine’.


word: INDOLE
russian_word: индол
definition: a crystalline organic compound with an unpleasant odour, present in coal tar and in faeces.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndəʊl
phonetics_text: ˈɪndəʊl
origin:
mid 19th century: blend of indigo (because obtained artificially from indigo blue) and Latin oleum ‘oil’.


word: INDOLENCE
russian_word: праздность
example: my failure is probably due to my own indolence
definition: avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness.
antonyms: industriousness|energy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnd(ə)l(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪnd(ə)l(ə)ns
synonyms:
laziness|idleness|slothfulness|sloth|shiftlessness|inactivity|inaction|inertia|dormancy|lifelessness|sluggishness|lethargy|languor|languidness|torpor|torpidity|slowness|dullness|remissness|negligence|slackness|laxity|otiosity|hebetude


word: INDOLENT
russian_word: ленивый
example: they were indolent and addicted to a life of pleasure
definition: wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy.|(of a disease or condition) causing little or no pain.
antonyms: industrious|energetic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪnd(ə)l(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnd(ə)l(ə)nt
synonyms:
lazy|idle|slothful|loafing|work-shy|shiftless|apathetic|lackadaisical|inactive|inert|lifeless|sluggish|lethargic|listless|languid|torpid|slow|slow-moving|dull|plodding|slack|lax|remiss|negligent|good-for-nothing|bone idle|fainéant|otiose

origin:
mid 17th century: from late Latin indolent-, from in- ‘not’ + dolere ‘suffer or give pain’. The sense ‘idle’ arose in the early 18th century.


word: INDOMETHACIN
russian_word: индометацин
origin: 1960s: from indo(le) + meth(yl) + ac(etic) + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪndəʊˈmɛθəsɪn
phonetics_text: ˌɪndəʊˈmɛθəsɪn
definition:
a compound with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic properties, used chiefly to treat rheumatoid arthritis and gout.


word: INDOMITABLE
russian_word: неукротимый
example: a woman of indomitable spirit
definition: impossible to subdue or defeat.
antonyms: submissive|weak
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɒmɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɒmɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
invincible|unconquerable|unbeatable|unassailable|impregnable|invulnerable|unsurpassable|unshakeable|indefatigable|unyielding|unbending|stalwart|stout-hearted|lionhearted|strong-willed|strong-minded|staunch|resolute|firm|steadfast|determined|intransigent|inflexible|adamant|unflinching|courageous|brave|valiant|heroic|intrepid|fearless|plucky|mettlesome|gritty|steely

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘untameable’): from late Latin indomitabilis, from in- ‘not’ + Latin domitare ‘to tame’.


word: INDOXYL
russian_word: индоксил
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɒksʌɪl
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɒksʌɪl|ɪnˈdɒksɪl
definition:
of or denoting the radical —ONC8H6, derived from a hydroxy derivative of indole and present in indigotin.


word: INDRI
russian_word: индри
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndri
phonetics_text: ˈɪndri
definition:
a large, short-tailed Madagascan lemur which jumps from tree to tree in an upright position and rarely comes to the ground.

origin:
mid 19th century: from Malagasy indry! ‘behold!’ or indry izy! ‘there he is!’, mistaken for its name. The Malagasy name is babakoto .


word: INDUBITABLE
russian_word: несомненный
example: an indubitable truth
definition: impossible to doubt; unquestionable.
antonyms: doubtful
origin: late Middle English: from Latin indubitabilis, from in- ‘not’ + dubitabilis (see dubitable).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unquestionable|undoubtable|indisputable|unarguable|inarguable|undebatable|incontestable|undeniable|irrefutable|incontrovertible|unmistakable|unequivocal|certain|sure|positive|definite|absolute|conclusive|emphatic|categorical|compelling|watertight|clear|clear-cut|beyond doubt|beyond the shadow of a doubt|beyond dispute|beyond question|not in question|not in doubt|irrefragable|apodictic


word: INDUCE
russian_word: вызывать
antonyms: dissuade
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdjuːs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdjuːs
example:
the pickets induced many workers to stay away|none of these measures induced a change of policy|she was 11 days overdue when labour was induced|from the experimental evidence, one infers or induces the hypothesis

definition:
succeed in persuading or leading (someone) to do something.|bring about or give rise to.|bring on (the birth of a baby) artificially, typically by the use of drugs.|derive by inductive reasoning.

synonyms:
persuade|convince|prevail upon|get|make|prompt|move|inspire|instigate|influence|exert influence on|press|urge|incite|encourage|impel|actuate|motivate|coax into|wheedle into|cajole into|talk into|prod into|procure|twist someone's arm

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as enduce ): from Latin inducere ‘lead in’, from in- ‘into’ + ducere ‘to lead’, or from French enduire . Compare with endue.


word: INDUCEMENT
russian_word: побуждение
example: companies were prepared to build only in return for massive inducements
definition: a thing that persuades or leads someone to do something.
antonyms: deterrent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdjuːsm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdjuːsm(ə)nt
synonyms:
incentive|attraction|encouragement|temptation|incitement|stimulation|stimulus|bait|lure|pull|draw|spur|goad|impetus|motive|motivation|provocation|bribe|reward|carrot|come-on|sweetener|perk|douceur


word: INDUCT
russian_word: вводить в курс дела
definition: admit (someone) formally to a post or organization.|install in a seat or room.
antonyms: bar from
origin: late Middle English: from Latin induct- ‘led into’, from the verb inducere (see induce).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌkt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌkt
example:
arrangements for inducting new members to an organization|Hugh and his friends were inducted into the most honourable seats

synonyms:
admit to|allow into|introduce to|initiate into|install in|instate in|swear into|appoint to|be engaged by|be taken on by


word: INDUCTANCE
russian_word: индуктивность
example: the inductance of the winding
origin: late 19th century: from induction + -ance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌkt(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌkt(ə)ns
definition:
the property of an electric conductor or circuit that causes an electromotive force to be generated by a change in the current flowing.


word: INDUCTION
russian_word: индукция
origin: late Middle English: from Latin inductio(n- ), from the verb inducere ‘lead into’ (see induce).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
example:
induction into membership of a Masonic brotherhood|the induction of malformations by radiation|the admission that laws of nature cannot be established by induction

definition:
the action or process of inducting someone to a post or organization.|the process or action of bringing about or giving rise to something.|the inference of a general law from particular instances.|the production of an electric or magnetic state by the proximity (without contact) of an electrified or magnetized body.|the stage of the working cycle of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinders.


word: INDUCTIVE
russian_word: индуктивный
example: instinct rather than inductive reasoning marked her approach to life
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌktɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌktɪv
definition:
characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances.|relating to or caused by electric or magnetic induction.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘leading to’): from Old French inductif, -ive or late Latin inductivus ‘hypothetical’ (later ‘inducing, leading to’), from Latin inducere (see induce). inductive (sense 1) dates from the mid 18th century.


word: INDUCTOR
russian_word: индуктор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌktə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌktə
definition:
a component in an electric or electronic circuit which possesses inductance.|a substance that promotes an equilibrium reaction by reacting with one of the substances produced.

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘a person who inducts or initiates’): from late Latin, from Latin inducere (see induce), or from induct + -or1. Current senses date from the early 20th century.


word: IN DUE COURSE
russian_word: своевременно
example: the range will be extended in due course
definition: at the appropriate time.
synonyms:
at the appropriate time|when the time is ripe|in time|in due time|in the fullness of time|in the course of time|at a later time|at a later date|at length|at a future time/date|at some point in the future|in the future|in time to come|as time goes on/by|by and by|one day|some day|sooner or later|in a while|after a bit|eventually


word: INDULGE
russian_word: предаваться
example: we indulged in a cream tea|a luxury service used to indulge the chief executive
definition: allow oneself to enjoy the pleasure of.|allow (someone) to enjoy something desired.
antonyms: stifle
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌldʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌldʒ
synonyms:
wallow in|give oneself up to|give way to|yield to|abandon oneself to|give rein to|give free rein to|luxuriate in|revel in|lose oneself in

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘treat with excessive kindness’): from Latin indulgere ‘give free rein to’.


word: INDULGENCE
russian_word: снисходительность
example: indulgence in self-pity|the notice given granted a final indulgence of four weeks
antonyms: denial|moderation
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin indulgentia, from the verb indulgere (see indulge).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌldʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌldʒ(ə)ns
definition:
the action or fact of indulging.|(in the Roman Catholic Church) a grant by the Pope of remission of the temporal punishment in purgatory still due for sins after absolution. The unrestricted sale of indulgences by pardoners was a widespread abuse during the later Middle Ages.|an extension of the time in which a bill or debt has to be paid.

synonyms:
satisfaction|satisfying|gratification|gratifying|fulfilment|fulfilling|satiation|appeasement|assuagement|quenching|slaking|accommodation|self-gratification|self-indulgence|overindulgence|overconsumption|intemperance|immoderation|immoderateness|dissipation|dissolution|dissoluteness|debauchery|excess|excessiveness|lack of restraint|prodigality|extravagance|decadence|pleasure-seeking|wantonness|lack of self-control|sybaritism|pampering|coddling|mollycoddling|cosseting|babying|mothering|nannying|spoiling|humouring|partiality


word: INDULGENT
russian_word: снисходительный
example: indulgent parents
definition: having or indicating a readiness or over-readiness to be generous to or lenient with someone.
antonyms: strict|intolerant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌldʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌldʒ(ə)nt
synonyms:
permissive|easy-going|broad-minded|liberal|tolerant|forgiving|forbearing|lenient|merciful|clement|mild|humane|kind|kindly|soft-hearted|caring|compassionate|understanding|sympathetic|fond|doting|pampering|mollycoddling|cosseting|soft|compliant|obliging|accommodating

origin:
early 16th century: from French, or from Latin indulgent- ‘giving free rein to’, from the verb indulgere .


word: INDULT
russian_word: индульгенция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌlt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌlt
definition:
(in the Roman Catholic Church) a licence granted by the Pope authorizing an act that the common law of the Church does not sanction.

origin:
late 15th century: from French, from late Latin indultum ‘grant, concession’, neuter past participle of Latin indulgere ‘indulge’.


word: INDURATE
russian_word: бесчувственный
example: these sedimentary deposits, under the weight of the upper beds, would quickly indurate
definition: harden.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɪndjʊreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪndjʊreɪt
origin:
mid 16th century (earlier Middle English) as induration : from Latin indurat- ‘made hard’, from the verb indurare (based on durus ‘hard’).


word: INDUSTRIAL
russian_word: промышленный
example: industrial waste|we are seeing tax avoidance on an industrial scale|noisy, industrial dance music
synonyms: manufacturing|factory|commercial|business|trade
origin: late 15th century: from industry + -al; in later use influenced by French industriel .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌstrɪəl
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌstrɪəl
definition:
relating to or characterized by industry.|very great in extent or amount.|relating to or denoting a type of harsh, uncompromising rock music incorporating sounds resembling those produced by industrial machinery.


word: INDUSTRIALIST
russian_word: промышленник
example: the exploitation of child labour by nineteenth-century industrialists
definition: a person involved in the ownership and management of industry.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌstrɪəlɪst
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌstrɪəlɪst
synonyms:
manufacturer|producer|factory owner|factory boss|captain of industry|big businessman|top executive|magnate|tycoon|capitalist|financier|investor|fat cat


word: INDUSTRIOUS
russian_word: трудолюбивый
example: an industrious people striving to make their country prosperous
definition: diligent and hard-working.
antonyms: indolent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʌstrɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʌstrɪəs
synonyms:
hard-working|diligent|assiduous|sedulous|conscientious|steady|painstaking|persistent|persevering|pertinacious|unflagging|untiring|tireless|indefatigable|studious|busy|busy as a bee|active|bustling|energetic|on the go|vigorous|determined|dynamic|driven|zealous|productive|laborious

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘skilful, clever, ingenious’): from French industrieux or late Latin industriosus, from Latin industria ‘diligence’.


word: INDUSTRY
russian_word: промышленность
example: new investment incentives for British industry|the kitchen became a hive of industry
antonyms: indolence
synonyms: manufacturing|production|fabrication|construction
origin: late Middle English (in industry (sense 2)): from French industrie or Latin industria ‘diligence’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪndəstri
phonetics_text: ˈɪndəstri
definition:
economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.|hard work.


word: INEBRIATE
russian_word: пьяница
example: it is a rum-based drink designed more to inebriate the masses than to please the palate
definition: make (someone) drunk; intoxicate.
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
phonetic:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from Latin inebriatus, past participle of inebriare ‘intoxicate’ (based on ebrius ‘drunk’).


word: INEBRIATED
russian_word: опьянения
example: I got mildly inebriated
definition: drunk; intoxicated.
antonyms: sober
origin: early 17th century: from inebriate + -ed2.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈiːbrɪeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈiːbrɪeɪtɪd
synonyms:
drunk|intoxicated|inebriate|drunken|tipsy|the worse for drink|under the influence|blind drunk|dead drunk|rolling drunk|roaring drunk|as drunk as a lord|as drunk as a skunk|sottish|gin-soaked|tight|merry|the worse for wear|pie-eyed|three sheets to the wind|plastered|smashed|hammered|sloshed|soused|sozzled|well oiled|paralytic|wrecked|wasted|blotto|stewed|pickled|tanked up|soaked|blasted|ratted|off one's face|out of one's head|out of one's skull|legless|bevvied|Brahms and Liszt|half cut|out of it|lashed|bladdered|trolleyed|mullered|slaughtered|well away|squiffy|tiddly|out of one's box|fou|loaded|trashed|out of one's gourd|blitzed|ripped|jacked|turnt|in one's cups|lit up|tired and emotional|sotted|foxed|screwed|crapulent|crapulous|bibulous|ebriate|pissed|rat-arsed|arseholed


word: INEDIBLE
russian_word: несъедобный
example: an inedible variety of mushroom
definition: not fit or suitable for eating.
antonyms: edible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛdɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛdɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
uneatable|indigestible|unconsumable|unpalatable|unwholesome|unsavoury|stale|not fit to eat|rotten|off|bad|putrid|rancid


word: INEFFABLE
russian_word: невыразимый
example: the ineffable mysteries of the soul
definition: too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛfəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛfəb(ə)l
synonyms:
inexpressible|indescribable|beyond words|beyond description|beggaring description|undefinable|unutterable|untold|unheard of|unthought of|unimaginable|overwhelming|marvellous|wonderful|breathtaking|staggering|astounding|amazing|astonishing|fantastic|fabulous|not to be uttered|not to be spoken|not to be said|unmentionable|taboo|forbidden|off limits|out of bounds|no go

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin ineffabilis, from in- ‘not’ + effabilis (see effable).


word: IN EFFECT
russian_word: фактически
example: a moratorium in effect since 1985 has been lifted
definition: in force.
synonyms:
be in force|be in operation|act|stand|apply|be applied|run|be/remain valid|be current|function|be efficacious|hold good|be the case|be the order of the day|obtain|hold|be prevalent|prevail|pertain|be established


word: INEFFECTIVE
russian_word: неэффективный
example: the legal sanctions against oil spills are virtually ineffective
definition: not producing any significant or desired effect.
antonyms: effective
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪˈfɛktɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnɪˈfɛktɪv
synonyms:
unsuccessful|non-successful|unproductive|fruitless|profitless|unprofitable|abortive|failed|futile|purposeless|worthless|useless|ineffectual|inefficient|inefficacious|inadequate|vain|unavailing|to no effect|idle|feeble|weak|inept|lame|bootless|unfructuous|inutile|powerless|impotent|incompetent|incapable|unfit|poor|hopeless


word: INEFFECTUAL
russian_word: безрезультатный
example: an ineffectual campaign
definition: not producing any significant or desired effect.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪˈfɛktʃʊəl
phonetics_text: ɪnɪˈfɛktʃʊəl
synonyms:
inefficient|ineffective|inefficacious|unsuccessful|powerless|impotent|inadequate|inept|incompetent|incapable|unfit|lame|feeble|weak|poor|useless|hopeless|rotten|lousy|no good|unproductive|non-successful|profitless|fruitless|futile|failed|abortive|vain|unavailing|worthless|bungled|bungling|bootless|unfructuous|inutile

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin ineffectualis, from in- ‘not’ + effectualis, from Latin effectus (see effect); in later use from in-1 ‘not’ + effectual.


word: INEFFICACIOUS
russian_word: неэффективный
example: social conventions honed over thousands of years were suddenly inefficacious
definition: not producing the desired effect.
antonyms: efficacious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɛfɪˈkeɪʃəs
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɛfɪˈkeɪʃəs
synonyms:
ineffective|unsuccessful|non-successful|unproductive|fruitless|profitless|unprofitable|abortive|failed|futile|purposeless|worthless|useless|ineffectual|inefficient|inadequate|vain|unavailing|to no effect|idle|feeble|weak|inept|lame|bootless|unfructuous|inutile


word: INEFFICIENT
russian_word: неэффективный
example: inefficient transport systems
definition: not achieving maximum productivity; wasting or failing to make the best use of time or resources.
antonyms: efficient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt
synonyms:
ineffective|ineffectual|inefficacious|incompetent|inept|incapable|unfit|unsuitable|unskilled|unskilful|inexpert|amateurish|disorganized|badly organized|unprepared|undisciplined|negligent|lax|slipshod|sloppy|slack|remiss|careless|lousy|useless|uneconomical|wasteful|purposeless|unproductive|time-wasting|slow|slow-moving|awkward|unwieldy|cumbersome|badly arranged|deficient|unsystematic


word: INELASTIC
russian_word: неэластичный
example: a tough, inelastic membrane
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɪˈlastɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɪˈlastɪk
definition:
(of a substance or material) not elastic.|(of demand or supply) insensitive to changes in price or income.|(of a collision) involving an overall loss of translational kinetic energy.


word: INELEGANT
russian_word: безвкусный
example: he came skidding to an inelegant halt
definition: having or showing a lack of physical grace, elegance, or refinement.
antonyms: refined|polite|elegant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛlɪɡ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛlɪɡ(ə)nt
synonyms:
unrefined|uncouth|unsophisticated|unpolished|uncultured|uncultivated|gauche|crude|ill-bred|coarse|vulgar|rude|impolite|unmannerly|ungraceful|graceless|ungainly|uncoordinated|gawky|gangling|awkward|clumsy|lumbering|blundering|inept|unskilful|inexpert|with two left feet|like a bull in a china shop

origin:
early 16th century: from French inélégant, from Latin inelegant-, from in- ‘not’ + Latin elegant- ‘fastidious, refined’ (see elegant).


word: INEPT
russian_word: неподходящий
example: the referee's inept handling of the match
definition: having or showing no skill; clumsy.
antonyms: competent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈnɛpt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɛpt
synonyms:
incompetent|unskilful|unskilled|inexpert|amateurish|crude|rough|clumsy|awkward|maladroit|unhandy|heavy-handed|all thumbs|bungling|blundering|bumbling|botched|unproductive|unsuccessful|ineffectual|inadequate|inferior|substandard|wanting|lacking|not up to scratch|all fingers and thumbs|cack-handed|ham-fisted|ham-handed|butterfingered|klutzy

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘not apt, unsuitable’): from Latin ineptus, from in- ‘not’ + aptus (see apt).


word: INEQUALITY
russian_word: неравенство
example: social inequality
definition: difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality.
antonyms: equality|uniformity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti
synonyms:
imbalance|inequity|unevenness|disproportion|inconsistency|variation|variability|divergence|polarity|disparity|discrepancy|dissimilarity|difference|contrast|distinction|differential|bias|prejudice|discrimination|unfairness|unfair treatment

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French inequalite, or from Latin inaequalitas, from in- ‘not’ + aequalis (see equal).


word: INEQUITABLE
russian_word: несправедливый
example: the present taxes are inequitable
definition: unfair; unjust.
antonyms: fair|impartial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛkwɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛkwɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unfair|unjust|discriminatory|preferential|one-sided|unequal|uneven|unbalanced|loaded|weighted|slanted|non-objective|biased|partisan|partial|prejudiced


word: INEQUITY
russian_word: несправедливость
example: policies aimed at redressing racial inequity
definition: lack of fairness or justice.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈɛkwɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛkwɪti
synonyms:
unfairness|injustice|unjustness|one-sidedness|partisanship|partiality|favouritism|bias|prejudice|discrimination


word: INERT
russian_word: инертный
example: she lay inert in her bed
definition: lacking the ability or strength to move.|chemically inactive.
antonyms: moving|active
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈnəːt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnəːt
synonyms:
unmoving|motionless|immobile|still|stock-still|stationary|static|dormant|sleeping|unconscious|out cold|comatose|lifeless|inanimate|insensible|senseless|insensate|insentient|inactive|idle|indolent|slack|lazy|loafing|slothful|dull|sluggish|lethargic|stagnant|languid|listless|torpid|unconcerned|apathetic|indifferent|dead to the world|fainéant|soporose|soporous|otiose

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin iners, inert- ‘unskilled, inactive’, from in- (expressing negation) + ars, art- ‘skill, art’.


word: INERTIA
russian_word: инерция
antonyms: activity|energy
origin: early 18th century (in inertia (sense 2)): from Latin, from iners, inert- (see inert).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈnəːʃə
phonetics_text: ɪˈnəːʃə
example:
the bureaucratic inertia of the various tiers of government|the power required to overcome friction and the inertia of the moving parts

definition:
a tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.|a property of matter by which it continues in its existing state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force.

synonyms:
inactivity|inaction|inactiveness|inertness|dormancy|passivity|apathy|accidie|malaise|stagnation|dullness|enervation|sluggishness|lethargy|languor|languidness|listlessness|torpor|torpidity|idleness|indolence|laziness|sloth|slothfulness|motionlessness|immobility|lifelessness|fainéance|stasis|otiosity|hebetude


word: INESCAPABLE
russian_word: неизбежный
example: political reform was inescapable
definition: unable to be avoided or denied.
antonyms: avoidable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪˈskeɪpəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnɪˈskeɪpəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unavoidable|inevitable|ineluctable|ineliminable|inexorable|assured|sure|certain|bound to happen|sure to happen|unpreventable|preordained|predestined|predetermined|necessary|required|compulsory|mandatory|ineludible


word: IN ESSENCE
russian_word: по существу
example: in detail the class system is complex but in essence it is simple
definition: basically and without regard for peripheral details; fundamentally.
synonyms:
basically|fundamentally|elementally|essentially|at bottom|at heart|primarily|principally|chiefly|firstly|predominantly|substantially|in substance|materially|above all|first of all|most of all|first and foremost|effectively|in effect|virtually|to all intents and purposes|intrinsically|inherently|au fond|at the end of the day|when all is said and done|when you get right down to it


word: INESSENTIAL
russian_word: несущественный
example: inessential information
definition: not absolutely necessary.
antonyms: essential
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
unnecessary|not necessary|not essential|non-essential|not needed|not required|unwanted|uncalled-for|needless|redundant|superfluous|excessive|excess|surplus|dispensable|expendable|optional|ornamental|cosmetic|unimportant|minor|secondary|peripheral|supererogatory


word: INESTIMABLE
russian_word: неоценимый
example: a treasure of inestimable value
definition: too great to calculate.
antonyms: few
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛstɪməb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛstɪməb(ə)l
synonyms:
immeasurable|incalculable|innumerable|unfathomable|fathomless|indeterminable|measureless|untold|limitless|boundless|unbounded|unlimited|illimitable|infinite|endless|never-ending|interminable|inexhaustible|bottomless|vast|immense|great|abundant|no end of|myriad|innumerous|unnumberable

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin inaestimabilis, from in- ‘not’ + aestimabilis (see estimable).


word: IN EVIDENCE
russian_word: присутствующий
example: his dramatic flair is still very much in evidence
definition: noticeable; conspicuous.
synonyms:
noticeable|conspicuous|obvious|perceptible|perceivable|visible|on view|on display|easily seen|easily noticed|plain to see|palpable|tangible|unmistakable|undisguised|unconcealed|prominent|striking|glaring|writ large|as plain as a pikestaff|standing/sticking out a mile|right under one's nose|staring someone in the face|written all over someone|sensible


word: INEVITABLE
russian_word: неизбежный
example: war was inevitable
definition: certain to happen; unavoidable.
antonyms: avoidable|uncertain
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈɛvɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛvɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unavoidable|inescapable|bound to happen|sure to happen|inexorable|unpreventable|assured|certain|for sure|sure|fated|predestined|predetermined|preordained|ineluctable|necessary|compulsory|required|obligatory|mandatory|prescribed|ineludible

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin inevitabilis, from in- ‘not’ + evitabilis ‘avoidable’ (from evitare ‘avoid’).


word: INEVITABLY
russian_word: неизбежно
example: inevitably some details are already out of date
definition: as is certain to happen; unavoidably.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli|ɪnˈɛvɪtəbli
synonyms:
naturally|automatically|as a matter of course|necessarily|of necessity|by force of circumstance|inescapably|unavoidably|ineluctably|certainly|surely|definitely|incontrovertibly|undoubtedly|as a result|as a consequence|consequently|accordingly|nolens volens|like it or not|perforce


word: INEXACT
russian_word: неточный
example: an inexact description
definition: not quite accurate or correct.
antonyms: exact
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɪɡˈzakt
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɪɡˈzakt|ˌɪnɛɡˈzakt
synonyms:
imprecise|not accurate|not exact|approximate|rough|crude|coarse-grained|general|vague|hazy|woolly|incorrect|erroneous|wrong|false|fallacious|wide of the mark|off target|off|out|wanting|lacking|ballpark


word: INEXCUSABLE
russian_word: непростительный
example: Matt's behaviour was inexcusable
definition: too bad to be justified or tolerated.
antonyms: excusable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈskjuːzəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈskjuːzəb(ə)l|ɪnɛkˈskjuːzəb(ə)l
synonyms:
indefensible|unjustifiable|unjustified|unwarrantable|unwarranted|unpardonable|unforgivable|inexpiable|blameworthy|censurable|reprehensible|deplorable|unconscionable|outrageous|disgraceful|regrettable|unacceptable|unreasonable|unworthy|uncalled-for|unprovoked|gratuitous|without cause|without reason|without justification

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin inexcusabilis, from in- ‘not’ + excusabilis ‘able to be excused’ (see excuse).


word: INEXHAUSTIBLE
russian_word: неисчерпаемый
example: his inexhaustible energy
definition: (of an amount or supply of something) unable to be used up because existing in abundance.
antonyms: limited|weary|lacking stamina
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪb(ə)l|ɪnɛɡˈzɔːstɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unlimited|limitless|illimitable|without limit|infinite|unbounded|boundless|endless|never-ending|unending|without end|unfailing|everlasting|bottomless|measureless|immeasurable|incalculable|inestimable|untold|copious|abundant|tireless|indefatigable|untiring|unwearying|weariless|unfaltering|unflagging|unwavering|unremitting|persevering|persistent|dogged


word: INEXORABLE
russian_word: неумолимый
example: the seemingly inexorable march of new technology
definition: impossible to stop or prevent.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛks(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛks(ə)rəb(ə)l
synonyms:
relentless|unstoppable|unavoidable|inescapable|inevitable|irrevocable|persistent|continuous|non-stop|steady|unabating|interminable|incessant|unceasing|unending|unremitting|unrelenting

origin:
mid 16th century: from French, or from Latin inexorabilis, from in- ‘not’ + exorabilis (from exorare ‘entreat’).


word: INEXPEDIENT
russian_word: нецелесообразный
example: because of his age, it was inexpedient to inflict punishment for the crime
definition: not practical, suitable, or advisable.
antonyms: advisable|wise
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈspiːdɪənt
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈspiːdɪənt|ɪnɛkˈspiːdɪənt
synonyms:
unadvisable|injudicious|unwise|impolitic|imprudent|incautious|irresponsible|thoughtless|careless|foolhardy|foolish|silly|wrong-headed|short-sighted|ill-advised|ill-judged|ill-considered|undiplomatic|tactless|indiscreet|inappropriate|disadvantageous|detrimental|prejudicial|harmful|damaging


word: INEXPENSIVE
russian_word: недорогой
example: a simple and inexpensive solution
definition: not costing a great deal; cheap.
antonyms: expensive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv|ɪnɛkˈspɛnsɪv
synonyms:
cheap|low-priced|low-price|low-cost|economical|economic|competitive|affordable|reasonable|reasonably priced|moderately priced|keenly priced|budget|economy|cheap and cheerful|bargain|cut-rate|cut-price|half-price|sale-price|sale|reduced|on special offer|marked down|discounted|discount|rock-bottom|giveaway|bargain-basement|slashed|going for a song|dirt cheap|bargainous


word: INEXPERIENCE
russian_word: неопытность
example: the accident was due to the inexperience of the driver
definition: lack of experience.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈspɪərɪəns
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈspɪərɪəns|ɪnɛkˈspɪərɪəns
synonyms:
ignorance|unawareness|unenlightenment|lack of knowledge|lack of education|unworldliness|naivety|naiveness|innocence|rawness|freshness|greenness|immaturity|cluelessness|nescience

origin:
late 16th century: from French inexpérience, from late Latin inexperientia, from in- (expressing negation) + experientia ‘experience’.


word: INEXPERIENCED
russian_word: неопытный
example: an inexperienced driver
definition: having little knowledge or experience of a particular thing.
antonyms: experienced
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɛkˈspɪərɪənst
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɛkˈspɪərɪənst|ˌɪnɪkˈspɪərɪənst
synonyms:
inexpert|unpractised|lacking experience|untrained|untutored|unschooled|unqualified|unskilled|amateur|uninitiated|uninformed|ignorant|unacquainted|unversed|unfledged|untried|unseasoned|naive|unsophisticated|callow|immature|fresh|green|raw|wet behind the ears|wide-eyed|out of one's depth|born yesterday


word: INEXPERT
russian_word: неопытный
example: an inexpert transcription from the real music
definition: having or showing a lack of skill or knowledge.
antonyms: expert
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛkspəːt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛkspəːt
synonyms:
unskilled|unskilful|amateur|amateurish|unprofessional|untrained|unpractised|unqualified|inexperienced|inept|incompetent|maladroit|clumsy|awkward|bungling|bumbling|blundering|heavy-handed|unhandy|all thumbs|all fingers and thumbs|cack-handed|ham-fisted|ham-handed|butterfingered

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘inexperienced’): via Old French from Latin inexpertus, from in- ‘not’ + expertus (see expert).


word: INEXPIABLE
russian_word: неискупимый
example: an inexpiable sin
definition: (of an offence or feeling) so bad as to be impossible to expiate.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɛkspɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɛkspɪəb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin inexpiabilis, from in- ‘not’ + expiabilis ‘able to be appeased’ (from expiare ‘expiate’).


word: INEXPLICABLE
russian_word: необъяснимый
example: for some inexplicable reason her mind went completely blank
definition: unable to be explained or accounted for.
antonyms: understandable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəb(ə)l|ˌɪnɛkˈsplɪkəb(ə)l|ɪnˈɛksplɪkəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unaccountable|unexplainable|incomprehensible|unfathomable|impenetrable|insoluble|unsolvable|baffling|puzzling|perplexing|mystifying|bewildering|mysterious|strange|weird|abstruse|enigmatic|beyond comprehension|beyond understanding|wildering|insolvable

origin:
late Middle English: from French, or from Latin inexplicabilis ‘that cannot be unfolded’, from in- ‘not’ + explicabilis (see explicable).


word: INEXPRESSIBLE
russian_word: невыразимый
example: a mood of inexpressible longing
definition: (of a feeling) too strong to be described or conveyed in words.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈsprɛsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈsprɛsɪb(ə)l|ɪnɛkˈsprɛsɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
indescribable|undefinable|unutterable|unspeakable|incommunicable|ineffable|beyond words|beyond description|beggaring description|unimaginable|inconceivable|unthinkable|untold|overwhelming|intense|profound


word: INEXPRESSIVE
russian_word: невыразительный
example: an inexpressive face
definition: showing no expression.
antonyms: expressive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈsprɛsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈsprɛsɪv|ɪnɛkˈsprɛsɪv
synonyms:
expressionless|unexpressive|impassive|inscrutable|unreadable|emotionless|blank|bland|vacant|empty|glazed|fixed|lifeless|inanimate|deadpan|wooden|stony|poker-faced|straight-faced


word: INEXPUGNABLE
russian_word: неприступный
definition: impregnable.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɪkˈspʌɡnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɪkˈspʌɡnəb(ə)l|ˌɪnɛkˈspʌɡnəb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin inexpugnabilis, from in- ‘not’ + expugnabilis ‘able to be taken by assault’.


word: INEXTINGUISHABLE
russian_word: непрекращающийся
example: a small inextinguishable candle
definition: unable to be extinguished or quenched.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəb(ə)l|ɪnɛkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃəb(ə)l
synonyms:
irrepressible|unquenchable|imperishable|indestructible|undying|unfading|unfailing|unceasing|ceaseless|enduring|lasting|everlasting|eternal|persistent|incessant


word: IN FACT
russian_word: фактически
example: the brook trout is in fact a char
definition:
used to emphasize the truth of an assertion, especially one contrary to what might be expected or what has been asserted.

synonyms:
actually|in actuality|in actual fact|really|in reality|in point of fact|as a matter of fact|in truth|if truth be told|to tell the truth|the truth is/was|indeed|truly|in sooth|verily|in the concrete


word: INFALLIBILITY
russian_word: непогрешимость
example: his judgement became impaired by faith in his own infallibility
definition: the quality of being infallible; the inability to be wrong.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌfalɪˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnˌfalɪˈbɪlɪti
origin:
early 17th century: from obsolete French infallibilité or medieval Latin infallibilitas (based on Latin fallere ‘deceive’).


word: INFALLIBLE
russian_word: непогрешимый
example: doctors are not infallible
definition: incapable of making mistakes or being wrong.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfalɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfalɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
unerring|error-free|unfailing|faultless|flawless|impeccable|perfect|true|uncanny|precise|accurate|meticulous|scrupulous|spot on|on the money

origin:
late 15th century: from French infaillible or late Latin infallibilis, from in- ‘not’ + Latin fallere ‘deceive’.


word: INFAMY
russian_word: позор
example: a day that will live in infamy
definition: the state of being well known for some bad quality or deed.
antonyms: honour|anonymity|virtue
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnfəmi
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfəmi
synonyms:
notoriety|disrepute|disreputableness|ill repute|ill fame|loss of reputation|disgrace|discredit|shame|dishonour|ignominy|scandal|censure|blame|disapprobation|condemnation|contempt|humiliation|loss of face|disesteem|wickedness|evil|baseness|sordidness|vileness|iniquity|iniquitousness|depravity|degeneracy|turpitude|immorality|unscrupulousness|corruption|dissolution|sin|wrong|offence|violation|abuse|indignity


word: INFANCY
russian_word: младенчество
example: a son who died in infancy
definition: the state or period of babyhood or early childhood.
antonyms: old age
synonyms: babyhood|early childhood|one's early years|one's early days
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnf(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈɪnf(ə)nsi
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin infantia ‘childhood, inability to speak’, from infans, infant- (see infant).


word: INFANT
russian_word: младенец
example: healthy infants
definition: a very young child or baby.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnf(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnf(ə)nt
synonyms:
baby|newborn|young child|little child|little one|bairn|wean|tot|tiny tot|tiny|sprog|babe|babe in arms|neonate

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French enfant, from Latin infant- ‘unable to speak’, from in- ‘not’ + fant- ‘speaking’ (from the verb fari ).


word: INFANTA
russian_word: инфанта
origin: late 16th century: Spanish and Portuguese, feminine of infante.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfantə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfantə
definition:
a daughter of the ruling monarch of Spain or Portugal, especially the eldest daughter who was not heir to the throne.


word: INFANTE
russian_word: инфант
origin: mid 16th century: Spanish and Portuguese, from Latin infans, infant- (see infant).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfanteɪ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfanteɪ
definition:
a son of the ruling monarch of Spain or Portugal other than the heir to the throne, specifically the second son.


word: INFANTICIDE
russian_word: детоубийство
example: cases of infanticide often involve extreme emotional disturbance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfantɪsʌɪd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfantɪsʌɪd
definition:
the crime of a mother killing her child within a year of birth.|a person who kills an infant, especially their own child.

origin:
mid 17th century: via French from late Latin infanticidium, from Latin infant- (see infant) + -cidium (see -cide).


word: INFANTINE
russian_word: инфантильный
definition: archaic term for infantile.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪnf(ə)ntʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɪnf(ə)ntʌɪn
origin:
early 17th century: from obsolete French infantin, variant of Old French enfantin, from Latin infans, infant- (see infant).


word: INFANTRY
russian_word: пехота
example: the infantry advanced at sunrise
definition: soldiers marching or fighting on foot; foot soldiers collectively.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnf(ə)ntri
phonetics_text: ˈɪnf(ə)ntri
synonyms:
infantrymen|foot soldiers|foot guards|the ranks|the rank and file|cannon fodder|GIs|Tommies|infanteers|grunts|dogfaces|doughboys|footmen

origin:
late 16th century: from French infanterie, from Italian infanteria, from infante ‘youth, infantryman’, from Latin infant- (see infant).


word: INFARCT
russian_word: инфаркт
definition: a small localized area of dead tissue resulting from failure of blood supply.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnfɑːkt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfɑːkt|ɪnˈfɑːkt
origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin infarctus, from infarcire ‘stuff into or with’, from in- ‘into’ + Latin farcire ‘to stuff’.


word: INFARCTION
russian_word: инфаркт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfɑːkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɑːkʃ(ə)n
definition:
obstruction of the blood supply to an organ or region of tissue, typically by a thrombus or embolus, causing local death of the tissue.


word: INFATUATE
russian_word: вскружить голову
example: she is infatuated with a handsome police chief
definition: be inspired with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration for.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfatʃʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfatʃʊeɪt|ɪnˈfatjʊeɪt
origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin infatuat- ‘made foolish’, from the verb infatuare, from in- ‘into’ + fatuus ‘foolish’.


word: INFATUATED
russian_word: увлечен
example: an infatuated teenager
definition: possessed with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration for someone.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfatʃuːeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfatʃuːeɪtɪd
synonyms:
besotted|in love|love-struck|head over heels in love|hopelessly in love|obsessed|taken|passionate about|consumed with desire for|(greatly) enamoured of|very attracted to|devoted to|charmed by|captivated by|enchanted by|beguiled by|bewitched by|fascinated by|enraptured by|under the spell of|hypnotized by|smitten with|sweet on|keen on|gone on|mad about|wild about|crazy about|nuts about|stuck on|hung up on|turned on by|swept off one's feet by|bowled over by|carrying a torch for|potty about|twitterpated by


word: INFATUATION
russian_word: слепое увлечение
example: he had developed an infatuation with the girl
definition: an intense but short-lived passion or admiration for someone or something.
antonyms: indifference to
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌfatʃʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˌfatʃʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n|ɪnˌfatjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
passion for|love for|adoration of|desire for|fondness for|feeling for|regard for|devotion to|penchant for|preoccupation with|obsession with|fixation with|craze for|mania for|addiction to|fancy|passing fancy|crush on|thing about|hang-up about|pash|puppy love|calf love|mash


word: INFECT
russian_word: заражать
example: pregnant women who may have been infected with the virus
definition: affect (a person, organism, etc.) with a disease-causing organism.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɛkt
synonyms:
pass infection to|transmit infection to|spread disease to|contaminate|cause infection in|cause disease in

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin infect- ‘tainted’, from the verb inficere, from in- ‘into’ + facere ‘put, do’.


word: INFECTION
russian_word: инфекция
example: strict hygiene will limit the risk of infection
definition: the process of infecting or the state of being infected.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
contamination|poison|septicity|septicaemia|ulceration|suppuration|inflammation|germs|bacteria|microbes|sepsis

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin infectio(n- ), from Latin inficere ‘dip in, taint’ (see infect).


word: INFECTIOUS
russian_word: инфекционный
example: outbreaks of infectious diseases|a loud infectious laugh
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfɛkʃəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɛkʃəs
definition:
(of a disease or disease-causing organism) liable to be transmitted to people, organisms, etc. through the environment.|likely to spread or influence others in a rapid manner.

synonyms:
contagious|communicable|transmittable|transmissible|transferable|conveyable|spreadable|spreading|catching|epidemic|pandemic|epizootic|infective


word: INFELICITOUS
russian_word: несчастный
example: his illustration is singularly infelicitous
definition: unfortunate; inappropriate.
antonyms: felicitous|appropriate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnfɪˈlɪsɪtəs
phonetics_text: ɪnfɪˈlɪsɪtəs
synonyms:
unfortunate|regrettable|unsuitable|inappropriate|inapposite|inapt|inadvisable|injudicious|untimely|inopportune|imprudent|incautious|indiscreet|indelicate|tactless|insensitive


word: INFELICITY
russian_word: несчастье
definition: a thing that is inappropriate, especially a remark or expression.|unhappiness; misfortune.
synonyms: mistake|error|blunder|slip|lapse|solecism|misusage|impropriety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnfɪˈlɪsɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnfɪˈlɪsɪti
example:
she winced at their infelicities and at the clumsy way they talked|the infelicity which accompanies some people through life

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘unhappiness’): from Latin infelicitas, from infelix, infelic- ‘unhappy’, from in- ‘not’ + felix ‘happy’.


word: INFER
russian_word: вывод
example: from these facts we can infer that crime has been increasing
definition: deduce or conclude (something) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfəː
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfəː
synonyms:
deduce|reason|work out|conclude|come to the conclusion|draw the inference|conjecture|surmise|theorize|hypothesize|gather|understand|presume|assume|take it|come to understand|glean|extrapolate|reckon|read between the lines|figure|suss|suss out|collect

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘bring about, inflict’): from Latin inferre ‘bring in, bring about’ (in medieval Latin ‘deduce’), from in- ‘into’ + ferre ‘bring’.


word: INFERENCE
russian_word: вывод
example: researchers are entrusted with drawing inferences from the data
definition: a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnf(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɪnf(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
deduction|conclusion|reasoning|conjecture|speculation|surmise|thesis|theorizing|hypothesizing|presumption|assumption|supposition|reckoning|extrapolation|reading between the lines|guesswork|guessing|guesstimate|ratiocination

origin:
late 16th century: from medieval Latin inferentia, from inferent- ‘bringing in’, from the verb inferre (see infer).


word: INFERIOR
russian_word: низший
antonyms: superior|senior
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfɪərɪə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɪərɪə
example:
schooling in inner-city areas was inferior to that in the rest of the country|ulcers located in the inferior and posterior wall of the duodenum

definition:
lower in rank, status, or quality.|low or lower in position.|(of a letter, figure, or symbol) written or printed below the line.

synonyms:
lower in status|lesser|second-class|second-fiddle|minor|subservient|lowly|humble|menial|not very important|not so important|below someone|beneath someone|under someone's heel|lower-ranking|lower in rank|subordinate|junior|secondary|subsidiary|ancillary

origin:
late Middle English (in inferior (sense 2 of the adjective)): from Latin, comparative of inferus ‘low’.


word: INFERIORITY
russian_word: более низкое положение
example: they were exiled or degraded to a position of inferiority
definition: the condition of being lower in status or quality than another or others.
antonyms: superiority
origin: late 16th century: probably from medieval Latin inferioritas, from Latin inferior ‘lower’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌfɪərɪˈɒrɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnˌfɪərɪˈɒrɪti
synonyms:
lowliness|inferior status|inferior position|secondary status|secondary position|subordination|subservience|subjection|servitude|shoddiness|second-rateness|substandardness|unfitness|unsatisfactoriness|poorness|cheapness|mediocrity|indifference|imperfection|faultiness|deficiency|grottiness


word: INFERNAL
russian_word: адский
example: the infernal regions|you're an infernal nuisance
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfəːn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfəːn(ə)l
definition:
relating to or characteristic of hell or the underworld.|irritating and tiresome (used for emphasis).

synonyms:
of hell|hellish|lower|nether|subterranean|underworld|Hadean|Plutonic|Plutonian|Stygian|Styxian|Tartarean|Acherontic|Avernal|chthonic|helly

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from Christian Latin infernalis, from Latin infernus ‘below, underground’, used by Christians to mean ‘hell’, on the pattern of inferni (masculine plural) ‘the shades’ and inferna (neuter plural) ‘the lower regions’.


word: INFERTILE
russian_word: бесплодный
example: infertile couples are offered specialist advice
definition: (of a person, animal, or plant) unable to reproduce itself; unable to have young.
antonyms: fertile
synonyms: sterile|barren|childless|infecund
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfəːtʌɪl
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfəːtʌɪl
origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from late Latin infertilis, from in- ‘not’ + fertilis (see fertile).


word: INFEST
russian_word: наводнять
example: the house is infested with cockroaches
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfɛst
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɛst
definition:
(of insects or animals) be present (in a place or site) in large numbers, typically so as to cause damage or disease.

synonyms:
overrun|spread through|take over|overspread|swarm over|crawl over|run riot over|invade|penetrate|infiltrate|pervade|permeate|inundate|overwhelm|beset|pester|plague|swarming|teeming|crawling|bristling|alive|ridden|infiltrated|permeated|plagued|vermined

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘torment, harass’): from French infester or Latin infestare ‘assail’, from infestus ‘hostile’. The current sense dates from the mid 16th century.


word: INFESTATION
russian_word: инвазия
example: infestation with head lice is widespread
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnfɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnfɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, typically so as to cause damage or disease.


word: INFIBULATION
russian_word: соединение краев раны скобками
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˌfɪbjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˌfɪbjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the practice of excising the clitoris and labia of a girl or woman and stitching together the edges of the vulva to prevent sexual intercourse. It is traditional in some north-eastern African cultures but is highly controversial.


word: INFIDEL
russian_word: неверный
example: a crusade against infidels and heretics
definition: a person who has no religion or whose religion is not that of the majority.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɪnfɪd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfɪd(ə)l
synonyms:
unbeliever|disbeliever|non-believer|heathen|pagan|idolater|idolatress|heretic|agnostic|atheist|non-theist|nihilist|apostate|freethinker|libertine|dissenter|nonconformist|paynim|nullifidian

origin:
late 15th century: from French infidèle or Latin infidelis, from in- ‘not’ + fidelis ‘faithful’ (from fides ‘faith’, related to fidere ‘to trust’). The word originally denoted a person of a religion other than one's own, specifically a Muslim (to a Christian), a Christian (to a Muslim), or a Gentile (to a Jew).


word: INFIDELITY
russian_word: неверность
example: her infidelity continued after her marriage
antonyms: fidelity|faithfulness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnfɪˈdɛlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnfɪˈdɛlɪti
definition:
the action or state of being unfaithful to a spouse or other sexual partner.|disbelief in a particular religion, especially Christianity.

synonyms:
unfaithfulness|adultery|unchastity|cuckoldry|extramarital relations|extramarital sex|faithlessness|disloyalty|falseness|breach of trust|treachery|double-dealing|duplicity|deceit|perfidy|perfidiousness|affair|liaison|intrigue|amour|fooling around|playing around|playing the field|cheating|two-timing|hanky-panky|a bit on the side|fornication

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘lack of faith’ and ‘disloyalty’): from Old French infidelite or Latin infidelitas, from infidelis ‘not faithful’ (see infidel).


word: INFIELD
russian_word: пахотная земля
example: the infield is demarcated by corn ditches
part_of_speech: noun|adverb
phonetic: ˈɪnfiːld
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfiːld
definition:
the inner part of the field of play in various sports.|the land around or near a farmstead, especially arable land.


word: INFIELDER
russian_word: инфилдер
example: the infielder made a sliding catch near the foul line
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnˌfiːldə
phonetics_text: ˈɪnˌfiːldə
definition:
a defensive player who is positioned in the infield, playing first base, second base, third base, or shortstop.


word: INFILTRATE
russian_word: проникать
origin: Middle English (as infiltration ): from in-2 + filtrate.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɪnfɪltreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfɪltreɪt
example:
the organization has been infiltrated by informers|virtually no water infiltrates deserts such as the Sahara

definition:
enter or gain access to (an organization, place, etc.) surreptitiously and gradually, especially in order to acquire secret information.|(of a liquid) permeate (something) by filtration.

synonyms:
penetrate|invade|intrude on|insinuate oneself into|worm one's way into|sneak into|slip into|creep into|impinge on|trespass on|butt into|gatecrash|muscle in on


word: INFILTRATION
russian_word: инфильтрация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnfɪlˈtreɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the army fenced parts of the border in an effort to stop militant infiltration|improved water infiltration into the soil|the gradual infiltration of Boyce's music into the national consciousness

definition:
the action of entering or gaining access to an organization or place surreptitiously, especially in order to acquire secret information or cause damage.|permeation of a liquid into something by filtration.|the process of gradually permeating or becoming a part of something.


word: INFINITE
russian_word: бесконечный
example: the infinite mercy of God
antonyms: limited|small
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɪnfɪnɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfɪnɪt
definition:
limitless or endless in space, extent, or size; impossible to measure or calculate.|another term for non-finite.

synonyms:
boundless|unbounded|unlimited|limitless|without limit|without end|never-ending|interminable|cosmic|measureless|immeasurable|fathomless|unfathomed|bottomless|extensive|vast|countless|uncountable|inestimable|indeterminable|innumerable|numberless|incalculable|untold|very many|great|enormous|immense|prodigious|multitudinous|innumerous|unnumberable

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin infinitus, from in- ‘not’ + finitus ‘finished, finite’ (see finite).


word: INFINITESIMAL
russian_word: бесконечно малый
example: an infinitesimal pause
definition: extremely small.
antonyms: huge
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtɛsɪm(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnfɪnɪˈtɛsɪm(ə)l
synonyms:
minute|tiny|minuscule|extremely small|very small|microscopic|nanoscopic|barely perceptible|imperceptible|inappreciable|indiscernible|invisible to the naked eye|wee|teeny|teeny-weeny|teensy-weensy|eensy-weensy|itsy-bitsy|itty-bitty|titchy|tiddly|little-bitty

origin:
mid 17th century: from modern Latin infinitesimus, from Latin infinitus (see infinite), on the pattern of centesimal .


word: INFINITIVE
russian_word: инфинитив
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv
definition:
the basic form of a verb, without an inflection binding it to a particular subject or tense (e.g. see in we came to see, let him see ).

origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from Latin infinitivus, from infinitus (see infinite). The noun dates from the mid 16th century.


word: INFINITY
russian_word: бесконечность
example: the infinity of space|the transmission approaches 100% as the frequency tends to infinity
origin: late Middle English: from Old French infinite or Latin infinitas, from infinitus (see infinite).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfɪnɪti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɪnɪti
definition:
the state or quality of being infinite.|a number greater than any assignable quantity or countable number (symbol ∞).

synonyms:
endlessness|infinitude|infiniteness|boundlessness|limitlessness|unlimitedness|extensiveness|vastness|immensity|infinite distance


word: INFIRM
russian_word: немощный
example: those who were old or infirm
definition: not physically or mentally strong, especially through age or illness.
antonyms: strong|healthy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfəːm
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfəːm
synonyms:
frail|weak|feeble|enfeebled|weakly|debilitated|decrepit|bedridden|ill|unwell|sick|sickly|poorly|indisposed|in poor/declining health|failing|ailing|doddering|doddery|tottering|wobbly|unsteady|unstable

origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘weak, frail’): from Latin infirmus, from in- ‘not’ + firmus ‘firm’.


word: INFIRMITY
russian_word: немощь
example: old age and infirmity come to men and women alike
definition: physical or mental weakness.
antonyms: strength|good health|certainty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfəːməti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfəːməti
synonyms:
frailty|weakness|feebleness|enfeeblement|delicacy|fragility|debility|debilitation|decrepitude|disability|impairment|illness|sickness|indisposition|poor health|declining health|lameness|dodderiness|shakiness|unsteadiness|instability|ailment|malady|disease|disorder|affliction|complaint|upset|condition|hesitation|uncertainty|inconstancy|indecision|irresolution|irresoluteness|vacillation|fluctuation


word: INFIX
russian_word: инфикс
example: the particles of mercury will infix themselves in the structure of the other metal
definition: implant or insert firmly in something.|insert (a formative element) into the body of a word.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic:
early 16th century: from Latin infix- ‘fixed in’, from the verb infigere, from in- ‘into’ + figere ‘fasten’, reinforced by in-2 ‘into’ + fix. The noun is on the pattern of prefix and suffix .


word: INFLAME
russian_word: воспаляться
antonyms: dampen|calm|soothe|placate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfleɪm
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfleɪm
example:
high fines further inflamed public feelings|the finger joints were inflamed with rheumatoid arthritis|the torches inflame the night to the eastward

definition:
provoke or intensify (strong feelings, especially anger) in someone.|cause inflammation in (a part of the body).|light up with or as if with flames.

synonyms:
incite|arouse|rouse|provoke|animate|stir up|work up|whip up|kindle|fire|ignite|touch off|foment|actuate|inspire|stimulate|agitate|spur on|aggravate|exacerbate|intensify|worsen|make worse|compound|add fuel to the flames|fan the flames|rub salt in the wound|enrage|incense|anger|infuriate|exasperate|madden|send into a rage|antagonize|rile|gall|make someone see red|make someone's blood boil|drive mad/crazy|empurple

origin:
Middle English enflaume, inflaume, from Old French enflammer, from Latin inflammare, from in- ‘into’ + flamma ‘flame’.


word: INFLAMED
russian_word: воспаленный
example: inflamed passions overrode reasoning|inflamed eyes and lips
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfleɪmd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfleɪmd
definition:
(of strong feelings) provoked or intensified.|(of a part of the body) red or swollen as a result of inflammation.

synonyms:
swollen|puffed up|red|reddened|raw|hot|burning|itchy|itching|chafing|smarting|stinging|angry|angry-looking|sore|painful|tender|sensitive|infected|festered|septic


word: INFLAMMATION
russian_word: воспаление
example: steroid injections can have a dramatic effect in reducing inflammation and relieving pain
origin: late Middle English: from Latin inflammatio(n- ), from the verb inflammare (see inflame).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot, and often painful, especially as a reaction to injury or infection.

synonyms:
swelling|puffiness|redness|rawness|hotness|heat|burning|smarting|stinging|soreness|pain|painfulness|tenderness|sensitivity|infection|festering|eruption|suppuration|septicity


word: INFLAMMATORY
russian_word: воспалительный
example: inflammatory cells|inflammatory remarks
antonyms: uncontroversial
synonyms: causing inflammation|causing swelling|irritant|erythrogenic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈflamət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflamət(ə)ri
definition:
relating to or causing inflammation of a part of the body.|(especially of speech or writing) arousing or intended to arouse angry or violent feelings.


word: INFLATE
russian_word: раздувать
antonyms: deflated
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfleɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfleɪt
example:
never use an air line on a garage forecourt to inflate your tyres|objectives should be clearly set out so as not to duplicate work and inflate costs|he has inflated the money supply to allow companies to continue in their old ways

definition:
fill (a balloon, tyre, or other expandable structure) with air or gas so that it becomes distended.|increase (something) by a large or excessive amount.|bring about inflation of (a currency) or in (an economy).

synonyms:
blown up|aerated|filled|puffed up|puffed out|pumped up|dilated|distended|stretched|expanded|engorged|enlarged|swollen

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin inflat- ‘blown into’, from the verb inflare, from in- ‘into’ + flare ‘to blow’.


word: INFLATION
russian_word: инфляция
example: the inflation of a balloon|policies aimed at controlling inflation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of inflating something or the condition of being inflated.|a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘the condition of being inflated with a gas’): from Latin inflatio(n- ), from inflare ‘blow in to’ (see inflate). inflation (sense 2) dates from the mid 19th century.


word: INFLECT
russian_word: гнуть
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈflɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflɛkt
example:
Arabic verbs are inflected for person, number, and gender|his slight voice, inflected with a token touch of grit|particles readily inflect, deflect and jostle one another

definition:
change the form of (a word) to express a particular grammatical function or attribute, typically tense, mood, person, number, and gender.|vary the intonation or pitch of (the voice), especially to express mood or feeling.|bend or deflect (something), especially inwards.

origin:
late Middle English (in inflect (sense 3)): from Latin inflectere, from in- ‘into’ + flectere ‘to bend’.


word: INFLECTION
russian_word: интонация
synonyms: conjugation|declension|form|ending|case
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈflɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflɛkʃ(ə)n
example:
a set of word forms differing only in respect of inflections|she spoke slowly and without inflection|the point of inflection of the bell-shaped curve

definition:
a change in the form of a word (typically the ending) to express a grammatical function or attribute such as tense, mood, person, number, case, and gender.|the modulation of intonation or pitch in the voice.|a change of curvature from convex to concave at a particular point on a curve.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘the action of bending inwards’): from Latin inflexio(n- ), from the verb inflectere ‘bend in, curve’ (see inflect).


word: INFLECTIONAL
russian_word: флективный
example: inflectional endings
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈflɛkʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflɛkʃ(ə)n(ə)l
definition:
relating to or involving a change in the form of a word to express a grammatical function or attribute.


word: INFLEXIBLE
russian_word: негибкий
example: once she had made up her mind, she was inflexible|heavy inflexible armour
definition: unwilling to change or compromise.|not able to be bent; stiff.
antonyms: flexible|accommodating
origin: late Middle English: from Latin inflexibilis, from in- ‘not’ + flexibilis ‘flexible’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈflɛksɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflɛksɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
stubborn|obstinate|obdurate|intractable|intransigent|unbending|immovable|inexorable|unadaptable|unaccommodating|hidebound|set in one's ways|blinkered|single-minded|pig-headed|mulish|uncompromising|dogged|adamant|firm|resolute|diehard|steely|iron-willed|dyed-in-the-wool|refractory


word: INFLICT
russian_word: наносить
example: they inflicted serious injuries on three other men
definition: cause (something unpleasant or painful) to be suffered by someone or something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈflɪkt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflɪkt
synonyms:
administer to|deal out to|mete out to|serve out to|deliver to|apply to|lay|impose|exact|wreak|cause to|give to

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘afflict, trouble’): from Latin inflict- ‘struck against’, from the verb infligere, from in- ‘into’ + fligere ‘to strike’.


word: INFLICTION
russian_word: причинение
example: the repeated infliction of pain
definition: the action of inflicting something unpleasant or painful on someone or something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈflɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈflɪkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
inflicting|administering|administration|dealing out|meting out|serving out|delivering|application|applying|exaction|imposition|wreaking|perpetration


word: INFLORESCENCE
russian_word: соцветие
definition: the complete flower head of a plant including stems, stalks, bracts, and flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnflɔːˈrɛs(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˌɪnflɔːˈrɛs(ə)ns|ˌɪnfləˈrɛs(ə)ns
origin:
mid 18th century (denoting the arrangement of a plant's flowers): from modern Latin inflorescentia, from late Latin inflorescere ‘come into flower’, from Latin in- ‘into’ + florescere ‘begin to flower’.


word: INFLUENCE
russian_word: влияние
example: the influence of television violence
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɪnflʊəns
phonetics_text: ˈɪnflʊəns
definition:
the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behaviour of someone or something, or the effect itself.|electrical or magnetic induction.

synonyms:
effect|impact|control|sway|hold|power|authority|ascendancy|mastery|domination|supremacy|leadership|guidance|direction|pressure

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from medieval Latin influentia ‘inflow’, from Latin influere, from in- ‘into’ + fluere ‘to flow’. The word originally had the general sense ‘an influx, flowing matter’, also specifically (in astrology) ‘the flowing in of ethereal fluid (affecting human destiny)’. The sense ‘imperceptible or indirect action exerted to cause changes’ was established in Scholastic Latin by the 13th century, but not recorded in English until the late 16th century.


word: INFLUENT
russian_word: втекающий
example: some particles delivered in the influent streams settle in the reservoirs
definition: flowing in.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɪnflʊənt
phonetics_text: ˈɪnflʊənt
origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from Latin influent- ‘flowing in’, from influere (see influence). The noun is recorded from the mid 19th century.


word: INFLUENTIAL
russian_word: влиятельный
example: her work is influential in feminist psychology
definition: having great influence on someone or something.
antonyms: unimportant|insignificant
origin: late 16th century (referring to astral influence): from medieval Latin influentia (see influence).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɪnflʊˈɛnʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnflʊˈɛnʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
powerful|authoritative|dominant|controlling|strong|important|prominent|predominant|leading|prestigious|distinguished|noteworthy|significant|crucial|pivotal|instrumental|guiding|persuasive|inspiring


word: INFLUENZA
russian_word: грипп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnflʊˈɛnzə
phonetics_text: ɪnflʊˈɛnzə
definition:
a highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory passages causing fever, severe aching, and catarrh, and often occurring in epidemics.

origin:
mid 18th century: from Italian, literally ‘influence’, from medieval Latin influentia (see influence). The Italian word also has the sense ‘an outbreak of an epidemic’, hence ‘epidemic’. It was applied specifically to an influenza epidemic which began in Italy in 1743, later adopted in English as the name of the disease.


word: INFLUX
russian_word: приток
example: a massive influx of tourists|the lakes are fed by influxes of meltwater
synonyms: inundation|inrush|rush|stream|flood|incursion|ingress|invasion|intrusion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnflʌks
phonetics_text: ˈɪnflʌks
definition:
an arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things.|an inflow of water into a river, lake, or the sea.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting an inflow of liquid, gas, or light): from late Latin influxus, from influere ‘flow in’ (see influence).


word: INFOMANIA
russian_word: Инфомания
example: Wilson warned that the rise in infomania could reduce workers' mental sharpness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnfə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə
phonetics_text: ˌɪnfə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə
definition:
the compulsive desire to check or accumulate news and information, typically via mobile phone or computer.


word: INFORM
russian_word: сообщить
example: he wrote to her, informing her of the situation|religion informs every aspect of their lives
definition: give (someone) facts or information; tell.|give an essential or formative principle or quality to.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːm
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːm
synonyms:
tell|let someone know|notify|apprise|advise|announce to|impart to|communicate to|brief|prime|enlighten|send word to|keep posted|put in the picture|fill in|clue in/up|give the low-down to

origin:
Middle English enforme, informe  ‘give form or shape to’, also ‘form the mind of, teach’, from Old French enfourmer, from Latin informare ‘shape, fashion, describe’, from in- ‘into’ + forma ‘a form’.


word: INFORMAL
russian_word: неформальный
antonyms: formal|official
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːm(ə)l
example:
an informal atmosphere|Peru's huge and dense informal sector of street vendors and cottage industries

definition:
having a relaxed, friendly, or unofficial style, manner, or nature.|denoting the grammatical structures, vocabulary, and idiom suitable to everyday language and conversation rather than to official or formal contexts.|(of economic activity) carried on by self-employed or independent people on a small scale, especially unofficially or illegally.

synonyms:
casual|relaxed|easy-going|natural|unceremonious|unofficial|non-formal|unstudied|unaffected|open|friendly|intimate|simple|unpretentious|easy|unstuffy|unbuttoned|chummy|pally|matey


word: INFORMALITY
russian_word: неформальность
example: he enjoyed the informality of the occasion
definition: relaxed, friendly, or unofficial style or nature; absence of formality.
antonyms: formality
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnfɔːˈmalɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪnfɔːˈmalɪti
synonyms:
lack of ceremony|casualness|unceremoniousness|non-formality|unpretentiousness|homeliness|cosiness|ease|ease of manner|naturalness|relaxedness|approachability|accessibility


word: INFORMATION
russian_word: информация
example: a vital piece of information|genetically transmitted information
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
facts provided or learned about something or someone.|what is conveyed or represented by a particular arrangement or sequence of things.

synonyms:
details|particulars|facts|figures|statistics|data|knowledge|intelligence|instruction|advice|guidance|direction|counsel|enlightenment|news|notice|word|material|documentation|documents|info|the low-down|the dope|the inside story|the latest|bumf|deets|gen

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘formation of the mind, teaching’), via Old French from Latin informatio(n- ), from the verb informare (see inform).


word: INFORMATIVE
russian_word: информативный
example: a thought-provoking, informative article
definition: providing useful or interesting information.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːmətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːmətɪv
synonyms:
instructive|instructional|illuminating|enlightening|revealing|explanatory|telling|communicative|factual|educational|educative|edifying|didactic|improving|chatty|gossipy|newsy

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘formative, giving life or shape’): from medieval Latin informativus, from Latin informare ‘give form to, instruct’ (see inform).


word: INFORMATORY
russian_word: информативный
definition: giving information; informative.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːmət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːmət(ə)ri
origin:
late Middle English (but rare before the late 19th century): from Latin informat- ‘shaped, described’ (from the verb informare ) + -ory2.


word: INFORMED
russian_word: сообщил
example: an informed readership
definition: having or showing knowledge of a subject or situation.
antonyms: ill-informed|ignorant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːmd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːmd
synonyms:
knowledgeable|enlightened|illuminated|literate|well informed|well educated|educated|schooled|instructed|sophisticated|cultured|well briefed|well versed|abreast of the facts|primed|up to date|up to speed|in the picture|in the know|au courant|au fait|clued up|genned up|filled in|plugged in|switched-on|sussed|down


word: INFORMER
russian_word: информатор
definition: a person who informs on another person to the police or other authority.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːmə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːmə
synonyms:
informant|betrayer|traitor|Judas|collaborator|double-crosser|fifth columnist|double agent|spy|infiltrator|plant|turncoat|tattletale|rat|squealer|stool pigeon|stoolie|telltale|tale teller|whistle-blower|snake in the grass|canary|snitch|peacher|grass|supergrass|nark|snout|nose|clype|tout|fink|fizgig|pimp|shelf|intelligencer|beagle


word: INFRACTION
russian_word: нарушение
definition: a violation or infringement of a law or agreement.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin infractio(n- ), from the verb infringere (see infringe).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfrakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfrakʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
infringement|contravention|breach|violation|transgression|breaking|neglect|dereliction|non-observance|failure to observe|non-compliance|delict|contumacy


word: INFRANGIBLE
russian_word: нерушимый
example: there is no infrangible genetic prescription of human behaviour
definition: unbreakable; inviolable.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfran(d)ʒɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfran(d)ʒɪb(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from medieval Latin infrangibilis, from in- ‘not’ + frangibilis (see frangible).


word: INFRARED
russian_word: инфракрасный
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnfrəˈrɛd
phonetics_text: ɪnfrəˈrɛd
definition:
(of electromagnetic radiation) having a wavelength just greater than that of the red end of the visible light spectrum but less than that of microwaves. Infrared radiation has a wavelength from about 800 nm to 1 mm, and is emitted particularly by heated objects.


word: INFRASPECIFIC
russian_word: внутривидовая
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnfrəspəˈsɪfɪk
phonetics_text: ɪnfrəspəˈsɪfɪk
definition:
at a taxonomic level below that of species, e.g. subspecies, variety, cultivar, or form. In botany, Latin names at this level usually require the addition of a term denoting the rank.


word: INFRASTRUCTURAL
russian_word: инфраструктурной
example: a strategy for infrastructural development in the region
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃ(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃ(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
relating to the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.


word: INFRASTRUCTURE
russian_word: инфраструктура
example: the social and economic infrastructure of a country
origin: early 20th century: from French(see infra-, structure).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə
phonetics_text: ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə
definition:
the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.


word: INFREQUENT
russian_word: нечастый
example: her visits were so infrequent
definition: not occurring often; rare.
antonyms: frequent|common
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈfriːkw(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfriːkw(ə)nt
synonyms:
rare|uncommon|unusual|exceptional|few and far between|few|like gold dust|as scarce as hens' teeth|unaccustomed|unwonted|isolated|scarce|thin on the ground|scattered|sporadic|irregular|intermittent|fitful|out of the common|sometime|once in a blue moon|seldom

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘little used, seldom done, uncommon’): from Latin infrequent- from in- ‘not’ + frequent- ‘frequent’.


word: INFRINGE
russian_word: нарушать
antonyms: obey|comply with
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin infringere, from in- ‘into’ + frangere ‘to break’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfrɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfrɪn(d)ʒ
example:
making an unauthorized copy would infringe copyright|such widespread surveillance could infringe personal liberties

definition:
actively break the terms of (a law, agreement, etc.).|act so as to limit or undermine (something); encroach on.

synonyms:
contravene|violate|transgress|break|breach|commit a breach of|disobey|defy|flout|fly in the face of|ride roughshod over|kick against|fail to comply with|fail to observe|disregard|take no notice of|ignore|neglect|go beyond|overstep|exceed|infract|cock a snook at


word: INFRINGEMENT
russian_word: нарушение
example: copyright infringement|the infringement of the right to privacy
antonyms: compliance|preservation|strengthening
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfrɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfrɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt
definition:
the action of breaking the terms of a law, agreement, etc.; violation.|the action of limiting or undermining something.

synonyms:
contravention|violation|transgression|breach|breaking|non-observance|non-compliance|neglect|dereliction|failure to observe|infraction|delict|undermining|erosion|weakening|compromise|limitation|curb|check|encroachment|disruption|disturbance


word: IN FRONT OF
russian_word: перед
definition: in a position just ahead or at the front part of someone or something else.|in the presence of.
synonyms: in the presence of|before|before the very eyes of|in the sight of|under the nose of
example:
the lawn in front of the house|the teacher didn't want his authority challenged in front of the class


word: INFURIATE
russian_word: разъярять
example: I was infuriated by your article
definition: make (someone) extremely angry and impatient.
antonyms: please|soothe
part_of_speech: verb
synonyms:
enrage|incense|anger|madden|inflame|send into a rage|make someone's blood boil|stir up|fire up|exasperate|antagonize|provoke|rile|make one's hackles rise|annoy|irritate|nettle|gall|get on someone's nerves|rub up the wrong way|ruffle someone's feathers|try someone's patience|irk|vex|pique|rankle|ride|aggravate|make one see red|get someone's back up|get someone's dander up|get someone's goat|peeve|needle|get under someone's skin|hack off|wind up|get at|nark|get across|get on someone's wick|brown off|cheese off|get up someone's nose|bug|tick off|gravel|bum out|exasperating|maddening|provoking|annoying|irritating|irksome|vexing|vexatious|trying|tiresome|bothersome|aggravating|pesky|cussed|confounded|infernal|pestiferous|plaguy|pestilent|piss off

phonetic:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin infuriat- ‘made angry’, from the verb infuriare, from in- ‘into’ + Latin furia ‘fury’.


word: INFUSE
russian_word: настаиваться
synonyms: fill|pervade|permeate|suffuse|charge|saturate|imbue|inspire|inundate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfjuːz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfjuːz
example:
her work is infused with an anger born of pain and oppression|infuse the dried flowers in boiling water|saline was infused into the aorta

definition:
fill; pervade.|soak (tea, herbs, etc.) in liquid to extract the flavour or healing properties.|allow (a liquid) to flow into a vein or tissue.

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin infus- ‘poured in’, from the verb infundere, from in- ‘into’ + fundere ‘pour’.


word: INFUSION
russian_word: настой
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
example:
a strong rosemary infusion|the infusion of $6.3 million for improvements|a four-hour intravenous infusion

definition:
a drink, remedy, or extract prepared by soaking tea leaves or herbs in liquid.|the introduction of a new element or quality into something.|the slow injection of a substance into a vein or tissue.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the pouring in of a liquid): from Latin infusio(n- ), from the verb infundere (see infuse).


word: INFUSORIA
russian_word: инфузории
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪnfjʊˈzɔːrɪə
phonetics_text: ˌɪnfjʊˈzɔːrɪə|ˌɪnfjʊˈsɔːrɪə
definition:
single-celled organisms of the former class Infusoria, which consisted mainly of ciliate protozoans.

origin:
modern Latin, from Latin infundere (see infuse); so named because they were originally found in infusions of decaying organic matter.


word: INGEMINATE
russian_word: твердить
example: we must ask and ingeminate the inquiry, where is Burns?
definition: repeat or reiterate (a word or statement), typically for emphasis.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɛmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɛmɪneɪt
origin:
late 16th century (originally as engeminate ): from Latin ingeminat- ‘redoubled’, from the verb ingeminare, from in- (expressing intensive force) + geminare (see geminate).


word: IN GENERAL
russian_word: вообще
definition: usually; mainly.|as a whole.
antonyms: occasionally
example:
in general, Alexander was a peaceful, loving man|our understanding of culture in general and of literature in particular

synonyms:
generally|normally|as a (general) rule|in the general run of things|by and large|more often than not|almost always|in the main|mainly|mostly|for the most part|in most cases|most of the time|predominantly|on the whole|usually|habitually|customarily|standardly|routinely|regularly|typically|ordinarily|commonly|conventionally|traditionally|historically


word: INGENIOUS
russian_word: изобретательный
example: he was ingenious enough to overcome the limited budget
definition: (of a person) clever, original, and inventive.
antonyms: unimaginative
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒiːnɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒiːnɪəs
synonyms:
inventive|creative|imaginative|original|innovative|resourceful|enterprising|insightful|inspired|perceptive|intuitive|clever|intelligent|bright|smart|brilliant|masterly|talented|gifted|skilful|capable|sharp|astute|sharp-witted|razor-sharp|quick|quick-witted|shrewd|elaborate|sophisticated|trailblazing|pioneering|on the ball|thinking outside the box|genius

origin:
late Middle English: from French ingénieux or Latin ingeniosus, from ingenium ‘mind, intellect’; compare with engine.


word: INGENUITY
russian_word: изобретательность
example: considerable ingenuity must be employed in writing software
definition: the quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪndʒɪˈnjuːɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪndʒɪˈnjuːɪti
synonyms:
inventiveness|creativity|imagination|originality|innovation|resourcefulness|enterprise|insight|inspiration|perceptiveness|perception|intuition|flair|finesse|artistry|genius|cleverness|intelligence|brilliance|mastery|talent|skill|sharpness|astuteness|acumen|acuity|sharp-wittedness|quick-wittedness|quickness|shrewdness|sophistication|thinking outside the box

origin:
late 16th century (also in the senses ‘nobility’ and ‘ingenuousness’): from Latin ingenuitas ‘ingenuousness’, from ingenuus ‘inborn’. The current meaning arose by confusion of ingenuous with ingenious.


word: INGENUOUS
russian_word: простодушный
example: he eyed her with wide, ingenuous eyes
definition: (of a person or action) innocent and unsuspecting.
antonyms: disingenuous|artful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs
synonyms:
naive|innocent|simple|childlike|trusting|trustful|over-trusting|unwary|unsuspicious|unguarded|unsceptical|uncritical|unworldly|wide-eyed|inexperienced|green|open|sincere|honest|frank|candid|undeceitful|direct|forthright|artless|guileless|genuine|unaffected|unstudied|unsophisticated

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin ingenuus literally ‘native, inborn’, from in- ‘into’ + an element related to gignere ‘beget’. The original sense was ‘noble, generous’, giving rise to ‘honourably straightforward, frank’, hence ‘innocently frank’ (late 17th century).


word: INGEST
russian_word: глотать
example: lead will poison anyone if enough is ingested
definition: take (food, drink, or another substance) into the body by swallowing or absorbing it.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɛst
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɛst
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin ingest- ‘brought in’, from the verb ingerere, from in- ‘into’ + gerere ‘carry’.


word: INGESTA
russian_word: рубца
definition: substances taken into the body as nourishment; food and drink.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɛstə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɛstə
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin, ‘things brought in’, neuter plural of ingestus, past participle of ingerere .


word: INGESTION
russian_word: прием пищи
example: vomiting after ingestion of contaminated food
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɛstʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɛstʃ(ə)n
definition:
the process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it.


word: INGLE
russian_word: огонь в очаге
definition: a domestic fire or fireplace.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋɡ(ə)l
origin:
early 16th century (originally Scots): perhaps from Scottish Gaelic aingeal ‘light, fire’, Irish aingeal ‘live ember’.


word: INGLORIOUS
russian_word: бесславный
definition: (of an action or situation) causing shame or a loss of honour.|not famous or renowned.
antonyms: glorious
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin inglorius (from in- (expressing negation) + gloria ‘glory’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɡlɔːrɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡlɔːrɪəs
example:
an inglorious episode in British imperial history|inglorious though the peasants may have been, this is not synonymous with mute

synonyms:
shameful|dishonourable|ignominious|discreditable|disgraceful|humiliating|mortifying|demeaning|shaming|ignoble|abject|unheroic|undignified|wretched|shabby|scandalous|shocking


word: IN GOOD TIME
russian_word: заблаговременно
example: I arrived in good time|‘I want to see him.’ ‘You will. All in good time.’
definition: with no risk of being late.|in due course but without haste.
antonyms: late
synonyms:
punctual(ly)|prompt(ly)|on time|early|with time to spare|ahead of time|before the appointed time|ahead of schedule


word: INGOT
russian_word: слиток
definition: a block of steel, gold, silver, or other metal, typically oblong in shape.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪŋɡət
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋɡət
origin:
late Middle English (denoting a mould in which metal is cast): perhaps from in + Old English goten, past participle of geotan ‘pour, cast’.


word: INGRAIN
russian_word: заваривать
example: they trivialize the struggle and further ingrain the long-standing attitudes
definition: firmly fix or establish (a habit, belief, or attitude) in a person.
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɡreɪn
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡreɪn
synonyms:
entrench|establish|fix|inculcate|instil|implant|root|drive home|hammer home|drill into|drive into|din into

origin:
late Middle English (originally as engrain in the sense ‘dye with cochineal or in fast colours’): from en-1, in-2 (as an intensifier) + the verb grain. The adjective is from in grain ‘fast-dyed’, from the old use of grain meaning ‘kermes, cochineal’.


word: INGRAINED
russian_word: укоренившийся
example: his deeply ingrained Catholic convictions|the ingrained dirt on the flaking paintwork
antonyms: transient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɡreɪnd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡreɪnd
definition:
(of a habit, belief, or attitude) firmly fixed or established; difficult to change.|(of dirt or a stain) deeply embedded and thus difficult to remove.

synonyms:
entrenched|established|fixed|implanted|deep-rooted|rooted|deep-seated|settled|firm|unshakeable|ineradicable|driven in|inveterate|dyed-in-the-wool|abiding|enduring|stubborn|unfading|inbred|instinctive|intrinsic|gut


word: INGRATIATE
russian_word: снискать расположение
example: a sycophantic attempt to ingratiate herself with the local aristocracy
definition: bring oneself into favour with someone by flattering or trying to please them.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈɡreɪʃɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡreɪʃɪeɪt
synonyms:
curry favour with|find the favour of|cultivate|win over|get on the good side of|get in someone's good books|toady to|crawl to|grovel to|fawn over|be obsequious towards|kowtow to|bow and scrape to|play up to|truckle to|pander to|be a yes man/woman to|be a sycophant to|flatter|court|dance attendance on|keep someone sweet|suck up to|rub up the right way|lick someone's boots

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin in gratiam ‘into favour’, on the pattern of obsolete Italian ingratiare, earlier form of ingraziare .


word: INGRATIATING
russian_word: льстивый
example: an ingratiating manner
definition: intended to gain approval or favour; sycophantic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɡreɪʃɪeɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡreɪʃɪeɪtɪŋ
synonyms:
sycophantic|toadying|fawning|crawling|creeping|unctuous|obsequious|servile|submissive|Uriah Heepish|flattering|insincere|smooth|smooth-talking|smooth-tongued|honey-tongued|silver-tongued|slick|slippery|cloying|nauseating|sickening|greasy|oily|saccharine|wheedling|cajoling|smarmy|slimy|creepy|sucky|bootlicking|brown-nosing


word: INGRATITUDE
russian_word: неблагодарность
example: he returned his daughter's care with ingratitude and unkindness
definition: a discreditable lack of gratitude.
antonyms: gratitude
synonyms: ungratefulness|thanklessness|unthankfulness|lack of gratitude|lack of appreciation|non-recognition
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈɡratɪtjuːd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡratɪtjuːd
origin:
Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin ingratitudo, from Latin ingratus ‘ungrateful’ (see ingrate).


word: INGRAVESCENT
russian_word: ухудшающийся
definition: (of a condition or symptom) gradually increasing in severity.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɪnɡrəˈvɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌɪnɡrəˈvɛs(ə)nt
origin:
early 19th century: from Latin ingravescent- ‘growing heavy or worse’, from the verb ingravescere (based on gravis ‘heavy’).


word: INGREDIENT
russian_word: ингредиент
example: mix all of the ingredients together
definition: any of the foods or substances that are combined to make a particular dish.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈɡriːdɪənt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡriːdɪənt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin ingredient- ‘entering’, from the verb ingredi, from in- ‘into’ + gradi ‘walk’.


word: INGRESS
russian_word: вход
antonyms: egress|exit
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪnɡrɛs
phonetics_text: ˈɪnɡrɛs
definition:
the action or fact of going in or entering; the capacity or right of entrance.|the arrival of the sun, moon, or a planet in a specified constellation or part of the sky.

synonyms:
entry|entrance|access|means of entry|admittance|admission|way in|approach|means of approach|right of entry

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘an entrance or beginning’): from Latin ingressus, from the verb ingredi ‘enter’.


word: INGROWING
russian_word: врастающий
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪnɡrəʊɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɪnɡrəʊɪŋ
definition:
growing inwards or within something, especially (of a toenail) growing abnormally so as to press into the flesh.


