# Dictionary_data_final

word: DISCREPANCY
russian_word: несоответствие
example: there's a discrepancy between your account and his
definition: an illogical or surprising lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.
antonyms: similarity|correspondence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkrɛp(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkrɛp(ə)nsi
synonyms:
inconsistency|difference|disparity|variance|variation|deviation|divergence|disagreement|dissimilarity|dissimilitude|mismatch|lack of similarity|contrariety|contradictoriness|disaccord|discordance|incongruity|lack of congruence|incompatibility|irreconcilability|conflict|opposition

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin discrepantia, from discrepare ‘be discordant’, from dis- ‘apart, away’ + crepare ‘to creak’.


word: DISCRETION
russian_word: усмотрение
antonyms: indiscretion|rashness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskrɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɛʃ(ə)n
example:
she knew she could rely on his discretion|local authorities should use their discretion in setting the charges

definition:
the quality of behaving or speaking in such a way as to avoid causing offence or revealing confidential information.|the freedom to decide what should be done in a particular situation.

synonyms:
circumspection|care|carefulness|caution|wariness|chariness|guardedness|tact|tactfulness|diplomacy|delicacy|sensitivity|subtlety|consideration|prudence|judiciousness|judgement|discrimination|sense|good sense|common sense|kid gloves

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘discernment’): via Old French from Latin discretio(n- ) ‘separation’ (in late Latin ‘discernment’), from discernere (see discern).


word: DISCRETIONARY
russian_word: дискреционный
example: there has been an increase in year-end discretionary bonuses
definition: available for use at the discretion of the user.
antonyms: compulsory|obligatory
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈskrɛʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɛʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
synonyms:
optional|non-compulsory|voluntary|at one's discretion|up to the individual|non-mandatory|elective|open to choice|open|unrestricted|permissive|discretional


word: DISCRIMINANT
russian_word: дискриминантный
definition: a distinguishing feature or characteristic.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪmɪnənt
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪmɪnənt
example:
anaemia is commonly present in patients with both conditions, and is therefore not a helpful discriminant

origin:
mid 19th century (in the sense ‘showing discernment’): from Latin discriminant- ‘distinguishing between’, from the verb discriminare (see discriminate).


word: DISCRIMINATE
russian_word: дискриминировать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪt
example:
babies can discriminate between different facial expressions|existing employment policies discriminate against women

definition:
recognize a distinction; differentiate.|make an unjust or prejudicial distinction in the treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, sex, age, or disability.

synonyms:
differentiate|distinguish|draw/recognize a distinction|tell the difference|discern a difference|separate|tell apart

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin discriminat- ‘distinguished between’, from the verb discriminare, from discrimen ‘distinction’, from the verb discernere (see discern).


word: DISCRIMINATING
russian_word: дискриминационный
example: he became a discriminating collector and patron of the arts
definition: having or showing refined taste or good judgement.
antonyms: indiscriminate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪtɪŋ
synonyms:
discerning|perceptive|astute|shrewd|judicious|perspicacious|insightful|selective|with good taste|particular|fastidious|critical|keen|tasteful|refined|sensitive|cultivated|cultured|artistic|aesthetic|nice|discriminative


word: DISCRIMINATION
russian_word: дискриминация
example: victims of racial discrimination|discrimination between right and wrong
antonyms: impartiality
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, sex, or disability.|recognition and understanding of the difference between one thing and another.|the selection of a signal having a required characteristic, such as frequency or amplitude, by means of a discriminator.

synonyms:
prejudice|bias|bigotry|intolerance|narrow-mindedness|unfairness|inequity|favouritism|one-sidedness|partisanship|sexism|chauvinism|racism|racialism|anti-Semitism|heterosexism|ageism|classism|ableism|apartheid


word: DISCRIMINATOR
russian_word: дискриминатор
example: age should not be used as a primary discriminator in recruitment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪtə
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪmɪneɪtə
definition:
a characteristic which enables people or things to be distinguished from one another.|a circuit or device which only produces an output when the input exceeds a fixed value.


word: DISCRIMINATORY
russian_word: дискриминационный
example: discriminatory employment practices
antonyms: impartial|fair
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪmɪnɪˌt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪmɪnɪˌt(ə)ri|dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪt(ə)ri
definition:
making or showing an unfair or prejudicial distinction between different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

synonyms:
prejudicial|biased|prejudiced|preferential|unfair|unjust|invidious|inequitable|weighted|one-sided|partisan|sexist|heterosexist|homophobic|anti-gay|chauvinistic|chauvinist|racist|racialist|anti-Semitic|ageist|disablist|classist


word: DISCURSIVE
russian_word: дискурсивный
antonyms: concise
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈkəːsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkəːsɪv
example:
students often write dull, second-hand, discursive prose|the attempt to transform utterances from one discursive context to another

definition:
digressing from subject to subject.|relating to discourse or modes of discourse.|proceeding by argument or reasoning rather than by intuition.

synonyms:
rambling|digressive|meandering|wandering|maundering|diffuse|long|lengthy|circuitous|roundabout|circumlocutory|periphrastic|verbose|long-winded|prolix|wordy|waffly|pleonastic|logorrhoeic|ambagious

origin:
late 16th century: from medieval Latin discursivus, from Latin discurs-, literally ‘gone hastily to and fro’, from the verb discurrere (see discourse).


word: DISCUSS
russian_word: обсуждать
example: I discussed the matter with my wife
definition: talk about (something) with a person or people.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈskʌs
phonetics_text: dɪˈskʌs
synonyms:
talk over|talk about|talk through|converse about|debate|confer about|put your heads together about|deliberate about|chew over|consider|exchange views on/about|weigh up|consider the pros and cons of|thrash out|argue|dispute|moot|air|ventilate|canvass|kick about|kick around|bat about|bat around

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘dispel, disperse’, also ‘examine by argument’): from Latin discuss- ‘dashed to pieces’, later ‘investigated’, from the verb discutere, from dis- ‘apart’ + quatere ‘shake’.


word: DISCUSSION
russian_word: обсуждение
example: the committee acts as a forum for discussion
definition: the action or process of talking about something in order to reach a decision or to exchange ideas.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskʌʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈskʌʃ(ə)n
origin:
Middle English (denoting judicial examination): via Old French from late Latin discussio(n- ), from discutere ‘investigate’ (see discuss).


word: DISDAIN
russian_word: презрение
example: her upper lip curled in disdain
definition: the feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one's consideration or respect.
antonyms: admiration|respect
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈdeɪn
phonetics_text: dɪsˈdeɪn
synonyms:
contempt|scorn|scornfulness|contemptuousness|derision|disrespect|disparagement|condescension|superciliousness|hauteur|haughtiness|arrogance|lordliness|snobbishness|aloofness|indifference|dismissiveness|distaste|dislike|disgust|despite|contumely

origin:
Middle English: from Old French desdeign (noun), desdeignier (verb), based on Latin dedignari, from de- (expressing reversal) + dignari ‘consider worthy’ (from dignus ‘worthy’).


word: DISDAINFUL
russian_word: презрительный
example: with a last disdainful look, she turned towards the door
definition: showing contempt or lack of respect.
antonyms: admiring|respectful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈdeɪnfʊl
phonetics_text: dɪsˈdeɪnfʊl|dɪsˈdeɪnf(ə)l
synonyms:
contemptuous|scornful|full of contempt|derisive|sneering|withering|slighting|disparaging|disrespectful|condescending|patronizing|supercilious|haughty|superior|arrogant|proud|snobbish|lordly|aloof|indifferent|dismissive|mocking|jeering|insolent|insulting|high and mighty|hoity-toity|sniffy|snotty|on one's high horse|uppish|contumelious


word: DISEASE
russian_word: болезнь
example: bacterial meningitis is quite a rare disease
antonyms: health
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈziːz
phonetics_text: dɪˈziːz
definition:
a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury.

synonyms:
illness|sickness|ill health|infection|ailment|malady|disorder|complaint|affliction|condition|indisposition|upset|problem|trouble|infirmity|disability|defect|abnormality|pestilence|plague|cancer|canker|blight|bug|virus|lurgy|wog|contagion

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘lack of ease; inconvenience’): from Old French desaise ‘lack of ease’, from des- (expressing reversal) + aise ‘ease’.


word: DISEASED
russian_word: больной
example: diseased trees
definition: suffering from disease.
antonyms: healthy|well
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈziːzd
phonetics_text: dɪˈziːzd
synonyms:
unhealthy|ill|sick|unwell|ailing|infirm|sickly|unsound|unwholesome|infected|septic|contaminated|blighted|rotten|bad|abnormal|crook|peccant


word: DISECONOMY
russian_word: неэкономичность
example: in an ideal world, these diseconomies of scale would be minimized
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsɪˈkɒnəmi
phonetics_text: dɪsɪˈkɒnəmi
definition:
an economic disadvantage such as an increase in cost arising from an increase in the size of an organization.


word: DISEMBARK
russian_word: высаживаться
example: the passengers began to disembark
definition: leave a ship, aircraft, or train.
antonyms: embark
synonyms: get off|step off|leave|go ashore|debark|detrain|land|arrive|alight from|deplane|pile out
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsɪmˈbɑːk
phonetics_text: dɪsɪmˈbɑːk|dɪsɛmˈbɑːk
origin:
late 16th century: from French désembarquer, Spanish desembarcar, or Italian disimbarcare, based on Latin barca ‘ship's boat’.


word: DISEMBODIED
russian_word: бестелесный
example: a disembodied ghost
definition: separated from or existing without the body.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsɪmˈbɒdɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsɪmˈbɒdɪd
synonyms:
bodiless|incorporeal|spiritual|intangible|insubstantial|impalpable|ghostly|spectral|phantom|wraithlike|immaterial|discarnate|disincarnate|unbodied|phantasmal|phantasmic


word: DISENCHANTMENT
russian_word: разочарование
example: their growing disenchantment with the leadership
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪs(ɪ)nˈtʃɑːntm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌdɪs(ɪ)nˈtʃɑːntm(ə)nt
definition:
a feeling of disappointment about someone or something you previously respected or admired; disillusionment.

synonyms:
disillusionment|disappointment|dissatisfaction|discontent|discontentedness|rude awakening|cynicism|disillusion


word: DISENDOW
russian_word: лишать пожертвований
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈdaʊ
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈdaʊ|dɪsɛnˈdaʊ
example:
the state Church, the Church of Ireland, continued until 1869, when Gladstone disestablished and disendowed it

definition:
deprive (someone or something) of an endowment, in particular deprive (a Church) of the property and funds that it receives from the state.


word: DISENGAGE
russian_word: выключать
antonyms: attach|connect
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ|ˌdɪsɛnˈɡeɪdʒ
example:
I disengaged his hand from mine|the ceasefire gave the commanders a chance to disengage their forces

definition:
separate or release (someone or something) from something to which they are attached or connected.|remove (troops) from an area of conflict.|pass the point of one's sword over or under the opponent's sword to change the line of attack.

synonyms:
remove|detach|disentangle|extricate|separate|release|loosen|loose|disconnect|unfasten|unclasp|unclick|uncouple|decouple|undo|unhook|unloose|unhitch|untie|unyoke|disentwine|free|set free|liberate|disjoin|disunite|disarticulate


word: DISENGAGEMENT
russian_word: расцепление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒm(ə)nt|dɪsɛnˈɡeɪdʒm(ə)nt
example:
his disengagement from the provisional government|contemporary criticism can afford neutral disengagement

definition:
the action or process of withdrawing from involvement in an activity, situation, or group.|emotional detachment; objectivity.|another term for disengage.


word: DISENTANGLE
russian_word: расхлебывать
example: ‘I must go,’ she said, disentangling her fingers from Gabriel's
definition: free (something or someone) from something that they are entangled with.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈtaŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈtaŋɡ(ə)l|dɪsɛnˈtaŋɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
extricate|extract|free|remove|disengage|untwine|disentwine|release|liberate|loosen|unloose|detach|unfasten|unclasp|disconnect


word: DISFAVOUR
russian_word: немилость
example: the headmaster regarded her with disfavour
definition: disapproval or dislike.
antonyms: approval
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈfeɪvə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈfeɪvə
synonyms:
disapproval|disapprobation|lack of favour|dislike|displeasure|distaste|dissatisfaction|low opinion|low esteem|disesteem|disrelish


word: DISFIGURE
russian_word: изуродовать
example: litter disfigures the countryside
definition: spoil the appearance of.
antonyms: beautify|adorn|enhance
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desfigurer, based on Latin figura ‘figure’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈfɪɡə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈfɪɡə
synonyms:
mar|spoil|deface|make ugly/unattractive|impair|scar|blemish|flaw|damage|injure|blight|mutilate|deform|maim|ruin|vandalize|uglify|disfeature


word: DISFIGUREMENT
russian_word: уродство
example: the disfigurement of this very pleasant area
definition: the action of spoiling the appearance of something or someone; defacement.
antonyms: beautification
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈfɪɡəm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈfɪɡəm(ə)nt
synonyms:
defacement|spoiling|scarring|mutilation|damage|damaging|vandalizing|ruin|uglification|blemish|flaw|defect|imperfection|discoloration|blotch|scar|pockmark|deformity|malformation|misshapenness|irregularity|abnormality|injury|wound|ugliness|unsightliness|stigma


word: DISGORGE
russian_word: извергать
definition: pour (something) out.|remove the sediment from (a sparkling wine) after fermentation.
origin: late 15th century: from Old French desgorger, from des- (expressing removal) + gorge ‘throat’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɡɔːdʒ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡɔːdʒ
example:
the combine disgorged a steady stream of grain|the wine is aged in the bottle before it is disgorged

synonyms:
pour out|discharge|eject|emit|expel|evacuate|empty|spit out|spew out|belch forth|spout|vomit|regurgitate|throw up|regorge


word: DISGRACE
russian_word: позор
example: he left the army in disgrace
definition: loss of reputation or respect as the result of a dishonourable action.
antonyms: honour|glory|in favour
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɡreɪs
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡreɪs
synonyms:
dishonour|shame|ignominy|discredit|degradation|disrepute|ill-repute|infamy|scandal|stigma|odium|opprobrium|obloquy|condemnation|vilification|contempt|disrespect|disapproval|disfavour|disapprobation|humiliation|embarrassment|loss of face|strife|disesteem|reprobation|derogation|out of favour|unpopular|in bad odour|in someone's bad/black books|in the doghouse|in the dogbox

origin:
mid 16th century (as a verb): via French from Italian disgrazia (noun), disgraziare (verb), from dis- (expressing reversal) + Latin gratia ‘grace’.


word: DISGRACEFUL
russian_word: позорный
example: a disgraceful waste of money
definition: shockingly unacceptable.
antonyms: admirable|honourable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɡreɪsfʊl
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡreɪsfʊl|dɪsˈɡreɪsf(ə)l
synonyms:
shameful|shocking|scandalous|deplorable|despicable|contemptible|beyond contempt|beyond the pale|dishonourable|discreditable|reprehensible|objectionable|base|mean|low|blameworthy|unworthy|ignoble|shabby|inglorious|infamous|unprincipled|outrageous|abominable|atrocious|appalling|dreadful|terrible|disgusting|shameless|vile|odious|monstrous|heinous|iniquitous|unspeakable|loathsome|sordid|bad|wicked|immoral|nefarious|indefensible|inexcusable|unforgivable|intolerable|embarrassing|humiliating|degrading|low-down|hateful|diabolical|criminal|knavish|dastardly|scurvy|egregious|flagitious|exceptionable


word: DISGRUNTLE
russian_word: сердить
example: nothing disgruntles anyone more than the feeling they are being cheated
definition: make (someone) angry or dissatisfied.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɡrʌnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡrʌnt(ə)l
origin:
mid 17th century: from dis- (as an intensifier) + dialect gruntle ‘utter little grunts’, from grunt.


word: DISGRUNTLED
russian_word: недовольный
example: judges receive letters from disgruntled members of the public
definition: angry or dissatisfied.
antonyms: pleased|contented
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɡrʌnt(ə)ld
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡrʌnt(ə)ld
synonyms:
dissatisfied|discontented|aggrieved|resentful|fed up|displeased|unhappy|disappointed|disaffected|malcontent|angry|irate|annoyed|cross|exasperated|indignant|vexed|irritated|piqued|irked|put out|out of temper|sulky|sullen|petulant|peevish|grumpy|churlish|testy|peeved|miffed|aggravated|hacked off|riled|peed off|hot under the collar|in a huff|cheesed off|browned off|narked|eggy|not best pleased|sore|teed off|ticked off|vex|snuffy|pissed off|pissed

origin:
mid 17th century: from dis- (as an intensifier) + dialect gruntle ‘utter little grunts’, from grunt.


word: DISGUISE
russian_word: маскировать
example: we took elaborate measures to disguise ourselves as locals
definition: give (someone or oneself) a different appearance in order to conceal one's identity.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈɡʌɪz
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡʌɪz
synonyms:
dress oneself up as|pass oneself of as|pretend to be|impersonate|pose as|personate|in disguise|camouflaged|incognito|under cover|unrecognizable|sailing under false colours

origin:
Middle English (meaning ‘change one's usual style of dress’, with no implication of concealing one's identity): from Old French desguisier .


word: DISGUST
russian_word: отвращение
example: the sight filled her with disgust
definition: a feeling of revulsion or strong disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive.
antonyms: relish
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɡʌst
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡʌst
synonyms:
revulsion|repugnance|aversion|distaste|abhorrence|loathing|detestation|odium|execration|horror|nausea|yuck factor|disrelish|repellence|repellency

origin:
late 16th century: from early modern French desgoust or Italian disgusto, from Latin dis- (expressing reversal) + gustus ‘taste’.


word: DISGUSTING
russian_word: отвратительно
example: he had the most disgusting rotten teeth
definition: arousing revulsion or strong indignation.
antonyms: delicious|charming|commendable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ
synonyms:
revolting|repellent|repulsive|sickening|nauseating|nauseous|stomach-churning|stomach-turning|off-putting|unpalatable|unappetizing|uninviting|unsavoury|distasteful|foul|nasty|obnoxious|odious|vomitous|yucky|icky|gross|sick-making|gut-churning|grotty|squicky|bogging|disgustful|offensive|appalling|outrageous|objectionable|displeasing|shocking|horrifying|scandalous|monstrous|unspeakable|shameless|shameful|vulgar|vile|wicked|heinous|abhorrent|loathsome|detestable|hateful|contemptible|despicable|deplorable|abominable|execrable|unforgivable|unpardonable|inexcusable|intolerable|insupportable|beyond the pale|horrid|ghastly|sick|godawful|beastly|loathly|scurvy|egregious|exceptionable


word: DISH
russian_word: блюдо
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪʃ
phonetics_text: dɪʃ
example:
an ovenproof dish|the cats' water dish|I gather he's quite a dish|if he has the real dish I wish he'd tell us

definition:
a shallow, flat-bottomed container for cooking or serving food.|a shallow, concave receptacle, especially one intended to hold a particular substance.|a sexually attractive person.|information which is not generally known or available.|concavity of a spoked wheel resulting from a difference in spoke tension on each side and consequent sideways displacement of the rim in relation to the hub.

synonyms:
bowl|plate|soup plate|platter|salver|serving dish|oven dish|container|receptacle|vessel|repository|ashet|trencher|charger|porringer|paten

origin:
Old English disc  ‘plate, bowl’ (related to Dutch dis, German Tisch ‘table’), based on Latin discus (see discus).


word: DISHARMONY
russian_word: дисгармония
example: we will become evermore a nation of social disharmony
definition: lack of harmony or agreement.
antonyms: harmony
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈhɑːməni
phonetics_text: dɪsˈhɑːməni
synonyms:
discord|friction|strife|conflict|hostility|acrimony|bad blood|bad feeling|enmity|dissension|disagreement|feuding|quarrelling|disunity|division|divisiveness|falling-out|disaccord|discordance


word: DISHEARTEN
russian_word: приводить в уныние
example: the farmer was disheartened by the damage to his crops
definition: cause (someone) to lose determination or confidence.
antonyms: hearten|encourage|heartened
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈhɑːt(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪsˈhɑːt(ə)n
synonyms:
discourage|dispirit|demoralize|depress|dismay|daunt|deter|unman|unnerve|sap|shake|throw|crush|cast down|desolate|make dispirited|make dejected|make crestfallen|make downhearted|disappoint|sadden|weigh down|weigh heavily on|put a damper on|cow|subdue|undermine|enervate|weaken|give someone the blues|make someone fed up|knock the stuffing out of|knock for six|knock sideways|deject|downhearted|dispirited|low-spirited|demoralized|despondent|depressed|disconsolate|dejected|dismayed|disappointed|daunted|discouraged|deterred|unmanned|unnerved|sapped|shaken|thrown|crushed|low|down|crestfallen|saddened|weighed down|blue|down in the mouth|down in the dumps


word: DISHEVELLED
russian_word: растрепанный
example: a man with long dishevelled hair
definition: (of a person's hair, clothes, or appearance) untidy; disordered.
antonyms: tidy|neat
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈʃɛv(ə)ld
phonetics_text: dɪˈʃɛv(ə)ld
synonyms:
untidy|unkempt|scruffy|messy|in a mess|disordered|disarranged|rumpled|bedraggled|uncombed|ungroomed|tousled|tangled|tangly|knotted|knotty|matted|shaggy|straggly|windswept|windblown|wild|slovenly|slatternly|blowsy|frowzy|ratty|mussed (up)|draggle-tailed

origin:
late Middle English: from obsolete dishevely, from Old French deschevele, past participle of descheveler (based on chevel ‘hair’, from Latin capillus ). The original sense was ‘having the hair uncovered’; later, referring to the hair itself, ‘hanging loose’, hence ‘disordered, untidy’. Compare with unkempt.


word: DISHONEST
russian_word: нечестный
example: he was a dishonest hypocrite prepared to exploit his family
definition: behaving or prone to behave in an untrustworthy, deceitful, or insincere way.
antonyms: honest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɒnɪst
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɒnɪst
synonyms:
fraudulent|corrupt|swindling|cheating|double-dealing|underhand|crafty|cunning|devious|designing|treacherous|perfidious|unfair|unjust|disreputable|rascally|roguish|dirty|unethical|immoral|dishonourable|unscrupulous|unprincipled|amoral|criminal|illegal|unlawful|false|untruthful|deceitful|deceiving|deceptive|Janus-faced|lying|mendacious|untrustworthy|crooked|shady|tricky|sharp|shifty|bent|dodgy|shonky|slim|malfeasant|knavish|subtle|hollow-hearted|false-hearted|double-faced|truthless

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘dishonourable, unchaste’): from Old French deshoneste, Latin dehonestus .


word: DISHONESTY
russian_word: нечестность
example: the dismissal of thirty civil servants for dishonesty and misconduct
definition: deceitfulness shown in someone's character or behaviour.
antonyms: probity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈɒnɪsti
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɒnɪsti
synonyms:
deceit|deception|duplicity|lying|falseness|falsity|falsehood|untruthfulness|fraud|fraudulence|sharp practice|cheating|chicanery|craft|cunning|trickery|artifice|artfulness|wiliness|guile|double-dealing|underhandedness|subterfuge|skulduggery|treachery|perfidy|unfairness|unjustness|improbity|rascality|untrustworthiness|dishonour|unscrupulousness|corruption|criminality|lawlessness|lawbreaking|misconduct|crookedness|shadiness|foxiness|dirty tricks|kidology|shenanigans|monkey business|funny business|hanky-panky|jiggery-pokery|monkeyshines|codology|malfeasance|management|knavery|knavishness

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘dishonour, sexual misconduct’): from Old French deshoneste ‘indecency’ (see dishonest).


word: DISHONOUR
russian_word: бесчестие
example: they have brought dishonour upon our family
definition: a state of shame or disgrace.
antonyms: honour
origin: Middle English: from Old French deshonor (noun), deshonorer (verb), based on Latin honor ‘honour’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɒnə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɒnə
synonyms:
disgrace|shame|discredit|humiliation|degradation|ignominy|scandal|infamy|disrepute|ill repute|loss of face|disfavour|ill favour|unpopularity|ill fame|notoriety|debasement|abasement|odium|opprobrium|obloquy|stigma|disesteem|reprobation|vitiation


word: DISHONOURABLE
russian_word: бесчестный
example: his crimes are petty and dishonourable
definition: bringing shame or disgrace on someone or something.
antonyms: honourable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɒn(ə)rəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɒn(ə)rəb(ə)l
synonyms:
disgraceful|shameful|shameless|shaming|disreputable|discreditable|degrading|debasing|ignominious|ignoble|blameworthy|contemptible|despicable|reprehensible|shabby|shoddy|sordid|sorry|base|low|improper|unseemly|unworthy|unprincipled|unscrupulous|corrupt|untrustworthy|treacherous|perfidious|traitorous|villainous|shady|crooked|low-down|dirty|rotten|rascally|scoundrelly|beastly|scurvy|knavish


word: DISH OUT
russian_word: выгибать
example: he begins dishing out bowls of strawberry ice cream
definition: put food on to a plate or plates before a meal.
antonyms: collect|reserve
synonyms:
distribute|dispense|issue|disburse|hand out|give out|pass out|pass round|deal out|dole out|mete out|share out|allocate|allot|apportion


word: DISILLUSIONED
russian_word: разочарованный
example: the minority groups were completely disillusioned with the party
definition: disappointed in someone or something that one discovers to be less good than one had believed.
antonyms: trusting|enthusiastic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsɪˈluːʒ(ə)nd
phonetics_text: dɪsɪˈluːʒ(ə)nd
synonyms:
disenchanted|disappointed|let down|cast down|downcast|discouraged|disabused|undeceived|cynical|sour|negative|world-weary


word: DISINCENTIVE
russian_word: препятствие
example: spiralling house prices are beginning to act as a disincentive to development
definition: a factor, especially a financial disadvantage, that discourages a particular action.
antonyms: incentive
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈsɛntɪv
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈsɛntɪv
synonyms:
deterrent|discouragement|dissuasion|damper|brake|curb|check|restraint|inhibition|obstacle|impediment|hindrance|obstruction|block|barrier


word: DISINCLINATION
russian_word: нежелание
example: Lucy felt a strong disinclination to talk about her engagement
definition: a reluctance or lack of enthusiasm.
antonyms: inclination|enthusiasm
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsɪnklɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsɪnklɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
reluctance|unwillingness|lack of enthusiasm|indisposition|slowness|hesitancy|hesitance|diffidence|loathness|aversion|dislike|distaste|objection|demur|resistance|opposition|recalcitrance|disrelish|nolition|sweerness


word: DISINCLINED
russian_word: склонны
example: the rural community was disinclined to abandon the old ways
definition: unwilling; reluctant.
antonyms: inclined|willing
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈklʌɪnd
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈklʌɪnd
synonyms:
reluctant|unwilling|unenthusiastic|unprepared|indisposed|ill-disposed|not disposed|not in the mood|slow|hesitant|nervous|afraid|loath|averse|antipathetic|resistant|opposed|recalcitrant


word: DISINFECT
russian_word: дезинфицировать
example: he disinfected and dressed the cut on his forehead
definition: clean (something), especially with a chemical, in order to destroy bacteria.
antonyms: infect|contaminate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈfɛkt
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈfɛkt
synonyms:
sterilize|sanitize|clean|cleanse|purify|decontaminate|fumigate|pasteurize|autoclave|deterge|depollute|depurate

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘rid of infection’): from French désinfecter, from dés- (expressing reversal) + infecter ‘to infect’.


word: DISINFECTANT
russian_word: дезинфицирующее средство
example: all surfaces are cleaned manually or by pressure washer with disinfectant
definition: a chemical liquid that destroys bacteria.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈfɛkt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈfɛkt(ə)nt
synonyms:
bactericide|germicide|antiseptic|sterilizer|sanitizer|cleaning agent|cleansing agent|cleanser|decontaminant|fumigant


word: DISINGENUOUS
russian_word: лицемерный
example: he was being somewhat disingenuous as well as cynical
antonyms: ingenuous|frank
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs
definition:
not candid or sincere, typically by pretending that one knows less about something than one really does.

synonyms:
dishonest|deceitful|underhand|underhanded|duplicitous|double-dealing|two-faced|dissembling|insincere|false|lying|untruthful|mendacious|not candid|not frank|not entirely truthful|artful|cunning|crafty|wily|sly|sneaky|tricky|scheming|calculating|designing|devious|unscrupulous|shifty|foxy|economical with the truth|terminologically inexact|subtle|hollow-hearted|false-hearted|double-faced|truthless|unveracious


word: DISINHERIT
russian_word: лишать наследства
example: the Duke is seeking to disinherit his eldest son
definition: change one's will or take other steps to prevent (someone) from inheriting one's property.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsɪnˈhɛrɪt
phonetics_text: dɪsɪnˈhɛrɪt
synonyms:
cut someone out of one's will|cut off|dispossess|impoverish|disown|repudiate|renounce|reject|oust|cast off|cast aside|wash one's hands of|have nothing more to do with|turn one's back on|cut off without a penny

origin:
late Middle English (superseding earlier disherit ): from dis- (expressing removal) + inherit in the obsolete sense ‘make someone an heir’.


word: DISINTEGRATE
russian_word: распадаться
example: our shoes had to last until they disintegrated on our feet|their marriage disintegrated
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɪntɪɡreɪt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɪntɪɡreɪt
definition:
break up into small parts as the result of impact or decay.|lose strength or cohesion and gradually fail.

synonyms:
break up|break apart|fall apart|fall to pieces|fall to bits|fragment|fracture|shatter|splinter|rupture|explode|blow up|blow apart|fly apart|crumble|dissolve|collapse|founder|fail|decline|go downhill|go to rack and ruin|degenerate|deteriorate|bust|be smashed to smithereens|shiver|break down|decompose|decay|rot|moulder|perish|corrode


word: DISINTEREST
russian_word: отсутствие интереса
antonyms: bias
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈɪnt(ə)rɪst
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɪnt(ə)rɪst
example:
I do not claim any scholarly disinterest with this book|he chided Dennis for his disinterest in anything that is not his own idea

definition:
the state of not being influenced by personal involvement in something; impartiality.|lack of interest in something.

synonyms:
impartiality|neutrality|objectivity|detachment|disinterestedness|lack of bias|lack of prejudice|open-mindedness|fairness|fair-mindedness|equitability|equity|balance|even-handedness|unselfishness|selflessness


word: DISINTERESTED
russian_word: бескорыстный
antonyms: biased
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɪnt(ə)rɪstɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɪnt(ə)rɪstɪd
example:
a banker is under an obligation to give disinterested advice|her father was so disinterested in her progress that he only visited the school once

definition:
not influenced by considerations of personal advantage.|having or feeling no interest in something; uninterested.

synonyms:
unbiased|unprejudiced|impartial|neutral|non-partisan|non-discriminatory|detached|uninvolved|objective|dispassionate|impersonal|clinical|open-minded|fair|just|equitable|balanced|even-handed|unselfish|selfless|free from discrimination|with no axe to grind|without fear or favour

origin:
early 17th century: past participle of the rare verb disinterest  ‘rid of interest or concern’, from dis- (expressing removal) + interest.


word: DISJOINTED
russian_word: расчлененный
example: piecing together disjointed fragments of information
definition: lacking a coherent sequence or connection.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈdʒɔɪntɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈdʒɔɪntɪd
synonyms:
unconnected|disconnected|without unity|disunited|discontinuous|fragmented|fragmentary|disorganized|disordered|muddled|mixed up|jumbled|garbled|incoherent|confused|fitful|erratic|spasmodic|patchy|scrappy|bitty|piecemeal|rambling|wandering|aimless|directionless


word: DISJUNCTIVE
russian_word: разделительный союз
example: the novel's disjunctive detail
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈdʒʌŋ(k)tɪv
phonetics_text: dɪsˈdʒʌŋ(k)tɪv
definition:
lacking connection or consistency.|(of a conjunction) expressing a choice between two mutually exclusive possibilities, for example or in she asked if he was going or staying.

origin:
late Middle English (in disjunctive (sense 2 of the adjective)): from Latin disjunctivus, from disjunct- ‘disjoined’ (see disjunct).


word: DISLIKE
russian_word: неприязнь
example: she disliked any kind of unnecessary rudeness
definition: feel distaste for or hostility towards.
antonyms: like
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈlʌɪk
phonetics_text: dɪsˈlʌɪk
synonyms:
hate|detest|loathe|abominate|abhor|despise|scorn|shun|execrate|be averse to|have an aversion to|hold in disfavour|have no liking for|disapprove of|object to|oppose|disagree with|take exception to|find distasteful|regard with distaste|regard with disgust|be unable to tolerate|find intolerable|be unable to bear|be unable to stand|be unable to abide|shrink from|shudder at|find repellent|be unable to stomach|disrelish|disfavour


word: DISLOCATE
russian_word: вывихнуть
example: he dislocated his shoulder in training
definition: disturb the normal position of (a bone in a joint).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɪsləkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsləkeɪt
synonyms:
put out of joint|put out of place|displace|disjoint|disconnect|disengage|put out|luxate|subluxate|slip|unjoint

origin:
late 16th century: probably a back-formation from dislocation, but perhaps from medieval Latin dislocatus ‘moved from a former position’, from the verb dislocare .


word: DISLODGE
russian_word: вытеснять
example: the hoofs of their horses dislodged loose stones
definition: knock or force out of position.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈlɒdʒ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈlɒdʒ
synonyms:
remove|move|shift|displace|knock out of place|knock out of position|knock over|upset|force out|drive out|oust|eject|get rid of|evict|unseat|depose|topple|overturn|bring down|bring low|bring about the downfall of|drum out|kick out|boot out|defenestrate|turf out

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French deslogier, from des- (expressing reversal) + logier ‘encamp’, from loge (see lodge).


word: DISLOYAL
russian_word: нелояльный
example: she was accused of being disloyal to the government
definition: failing to be loyal to a person, country, or organization to which one has obligations.
antonyms: loyal
origin: late 15th century: from Old French desloial, from des- (expressing negation) + loial ‘loyal’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈlɔɪ(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈlɔɪ(ə)l
synonyms:
unfaithful|faithless|false|false-hearted|untrue|inconstant|untrustworthy|treacherous|perfidious|traitorous|subversive|seditious|unpatriotic|two-faced|Janus-faced|double-dealing|double-crossing|deceitful|dissident|renegade|adulterous|back-stabbing|two-timing|recreant|hollow-hearted|double-faced|Punic


word: DISLOYALTY
russian_word: нелояльность
example: an accusation of disloyalty and betrayal
definition: the quality of not being loyal to a person, country, or organization; unfaithfulness.
antonyms: loyalty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈlɔɪ(ə)lti
phonetics_text: dɪsˈlɔɪ(ə)lti
synonyms:
unfaithfulness|infidelity|inconstancy|faithlessness|fickleness|unreliability|untrustworthiness|breach of trust|breach of faith|betrayal|falseness|false-heartedness|falsity|duplicity|double-dealing|treachery|perfidy|perfidiousness|treason|subversion|sedition|dissidence|adultery|back-stabbing|two-timing|hollow-heartedness|Punic faith|recreancy


word: DISMAL
russian_word: мрачный
example: the dismal weather made the late afternoon seem like evening
definition: causing a mood of gloom or depression.
antonyms: bright|cheerful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪzm(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɪzm(ə)l
synonyms:
dingy|dim|dark|gloomy|sombre|dreary|drab|dull|desolate|bleak|cheerless|comfortless|depressing|grim|funereal|inhospitable|uninviting|unwelcoming

origin:
late Middle English: from earlier dismal (noun), denoting the two days in each month which in medieval times were believed to be unlucky, from Anglo-Norman French dis mal, from medieval Latin dies mali ‘evil days’.


word: DISMANTLE
russian_word: демонтировать
example: the engines were dismantled and the bits piled into a heap
definition: take (a machine or structure) to pieces.
antonyms: assemble|build
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈmant(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmant(ə)l
synonyms:
take apart|take to pieces|take to bits|pull apart|pull to pieces|deconstruct|disassemble|break up|strip (down)|knock down|pull down|tear down|demolish|fell|destroy|flatten|level|raze (to the ground)|bulldoze|unbuild

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘destroy the defensive capability of a fortification’): from Old French desmanteler, from des- (expressing reversal) + manteler ‘fortify’ (from Latin mantellum ‘cloak’).


word: DISMAY
russian_word: тревога
example: to his dismay, she left him
definition: concern and distress caused by something unexpected.
antonyms: pleasure|relief
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈmeɪ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmeɪ
synonyms:
alarm|shock|surprise|consternation|concern|perturbation|disquiet|disquietude|discomposure|distress|upset|anxiety|trepidation|fear

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, based on Latin dis- (expressing negation) + the Germanic base of may1.


word: DISMEMBER
russian_word: расчленять
definition: cut off the limbs of (a person or animal).|partition or divide up (a territory or organization).
origin: Middle English: from Old French desmembrer, based on Latin dis- ‘apart’ + membrum ‘limb’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈmɛmbə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmɛmbə
example:
he watched a doctor dismember the body|the winning powers of World War I set out to dismember the Ottoman Empire

synonyms:
disjoint|joint|cut off the limbs of|pull apart|cut up|chop up|break up|dissect|divide|segment|mutilate|hack up|butcher|tear limb from limb|limb


word: DISMISS
russian_word: увольнять
definition: order or allow to leave; send away.|treat as unworthy of serious consideration.
antonyms: form|assemble
synonyms: send away|let go|release|free|disband|disperse|dissolve|discharge|demobilize
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈmɪs
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmɪs
example:
she dismissed the taxi at the corner of the road|it would be easy to dismiss him as all brawn and no brain

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin dismiss-, variant of Latin dimiss- ‘sent away’, from the verb dimittere .


word: DISMISSAL
russian_word: увольнение
example: their controversial dismissal from the competition
antonyms: recruitment|acceptance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈmɪsl
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmɪsl
definition:
the act of ordering or allowing someone to leave.|the act of treating something as unworthy of serious consideration; rejection.

synonyms:
one's notice|discharge|redundancy|expulsion|ousting|the sack|sacking|firing|laying off|the push|the boot|the axe|the (old) heave-ho|one's marching orders|defenestration|the elbow|turfing out|one's cards|the chop|cashiering|rejection|repudiation|refusal|repulse|non-acceptance|snub|slight|pooh-poohing|brush-off|knock-back


word: DISMISSIVE
russian_word: пренебрежительное
example: monetarist theory is dismissive of the need to control local spending
definition: feeling or showing that something is unworthy of consideration.
antonyms: admiring|interested
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈmɪsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmɪsɪv
synonyms:
contemptuous|disdainful|scornful|sneering|snide|scathing|disparaging|negative|unenthusiastic|offhand|perfunctory|sniffy|snotty|dimissory


word: DISMOUNT
russian_word: спешиться
example: he rode over and dismounted|we have to dismount the pump
definition: get off a horse, bicycle, or anything that one is riding.|remove (something) from its support.
antonyms: mount
synonyms: alight|get off|get down
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈmaʊnt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈmaʊnt
origin:
mid 16th century: from dis- + mount1, probably on the pattern of Old French desmonter, medieval Latin dismontare .


word: DISOBEDIENCE
russian_word: неповиновение
example: disobedience to law is sometimes justified
definition: failure or refusal to obey rules or someone in authority.
antonyms: obedience
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈbiːdɪəns
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈbiːdɪəns
synonyms:
insubordination|unruliness|waywardness|indiscipline|bad behaviour|misbehaviour|misconduct|delinquency|disruptiveness|troublemaking|rebellion|defiance|mutiny|revolt|recalcitrance|lack of cooperation|non-compliance|wilfulness|intractability|awkwardness|perversity|perverseness|contrariness|naughtiness|mischievousness|mischief|roguery|impishness|carryings-on|acting-up|contumacy|infraction


word: DISOBEDIENT
russian_word: непослушный
example: Larry was stern with disobedient employees
definition: refusing to obey rules or someone in authority.
antonyms: obedient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsəˈbiːdɪənt
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈbiːdɪənt
synonyms:
insubordinate|unruly|wayward|errant|badly behaved|disorderly|delinquent|disruptive|troublesome|rebellious|defiant|mutinous|recalcitrant|refractory|uncooperative|non-compliant|wilful|unbiddable|intractable|obstreperous|awkward|difficult|perverse|contrary|naughty|mischievous|impish|roguish|rascally|bolshie|contumacious

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desobedient, based on Latin oboedient- ‘obeying’ (see obedient).


word: DISOBEY
russian_word: не подчиняться
example: around 1,000 soldiers had disobeyed orders and surrendered
definition: fail to obey (rules, a command, or someone in authority).
antonyms: obey
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desobeir, based on Latin oboedire ‘obey’ (see obey).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈbeɪ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈbeɪ
synonyms:
defy|go against|flout|contravene|infringe|overstep|transgress|violate|fail to comply with|resist|oppose|rebel against|fly in the face of|disregard|ignore|pay no heed to|fail to observe|cock a snook at|infract|set at naught


word: DISOBLIGING
russian_word: нелюбезный
example: I think you're simply being disobliging
definition: deliberately unhelpful; uncooperative.
antonyms: helpful|civil
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsəˈblʌɪdʒɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈblʌɪdʒɪŋ
synonyms:
unhelpful|uncooperative|unaccommodating|unamenable|unyielding|inflexible|uncompromising|unreasonable|awkward|difficult|obstructive|contrary|perverse|discourteous|uncivil|unfriendly|unsympathetic


word: DISORDER
russian_word: расстройство
example: the world 's currency markets were in disorder
definition: a state of confusion.
antonyms: order
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈɔːdə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɔːdə
synonyms:
untidiness|disorderliness|mess|disarray|disorganization|chaos|confusion|clutter|jumble|a muddle|a mess|a shambles|a mare's nest|a dog's dinner|a dog's breakfast|an omnishambles

origin:
late 15th century (as a verb): alteration, influenced by order, of earlier disordain, from Old French desordener, ultimately based on Latin ordinare ‘ordain’.


word: DISORDERED
russian_word: неупорядоченный
example: she went to comb her disordered hair
definition: not neatly arranged; confused and untidy.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɔːdəd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɔːdəd
synonyms:
untidy|unkempt|messy|in a mess|disarranged|uncombed|unbrushed|ungroomed|tousled|tangled|tangly|knotted|knotty|matted|shaggy|straggly|windswept|windblown|wild|disorganized|chaotic|confused|jumbled|muddled|unsystematic|out of order|out of place|ratty|mussed (up)|all over the place|shambolic|draggle-tailed


word: DISORDERLY
russian_word: беспорядочно
example: his life was as disorderly as ever
definition: lacking organization; untidy.
antonyms: tidy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɔːdəli
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɔːdəli
synonyms:
untidy|disorganized|messy|chaotic|cluttered|littered|jumbled|muddled|confused|unsystematic|irregular|out of order|out of place|in disarray|in a mess|in a jumble|in a muddle|upside-down|at sixes and sevens|haywire|haphazard|all over the place|like a bomb's hit it|higgledy-piggledy|shambolic


word: DISORGANIZED
russian_word: дезорганизованный
example: the campaign was hopelessly disorganized
definition: not properly planned and controlled.
antonyms: orderly
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɔːɡənʌɪzd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɔːɡənʌɪzd
synonyms:
disorderly|disordered|unorganized|mixed up|jumbled|muddled|untidy|messy|cluttered|chaotic|confused|topsy-turvy|haphazard|random|in disorder|in disarray|out of order|in a mess|in a muddle|in a shambles|all over the place|like a bomb's hit it|higgledy-piggledy|shambolic|all over the shop|all over the map|all over the lot|orderless


word: DISORIENTED
russian_word: дезориентированный
example: she was so disoriented that Joe had to walk her to her room
definition: having lost one's sense of direction; disorientated.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɒrɪəntɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɒrɪəntɪd|dɪsˈɔːrɪəntɪd
synonyms:
confused|bewildered|perplexed|nonplussed|at a loss|(all) at sea|in a state of confusion|in a muddle|lost|adrift|astray|off-course|off-track|having lost one's bearings|going round in circles|all over the place|spaced|spaced out|wildered|mazed


word: DISOWN
russian_word: отрекаться
example: Lovell's rich family had disowned him because of his marriage
definition: refuse to acknowledge or maintain any connection with.
antonyms: acknowledge
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈəʊn
phonetics_text: dɪsˈəʊn
synonyms:
reject|cast off|cast aside|abandon|repudiate|renounce|deny|turn one's back on|wash one's hands of|have nothing more to do with|end relations with|disinherit|cut off (without a penny)|ditch|drop|send packing|forsake


word: DISPARAGE
russian_word: принижать
example: he never missed an opportunity to disparage his competitors
definition: regard or represent as being of little worth.
antonyms: praise|overrate|complimentary
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsparɪdʒ
phonetics_text: dɪˈsparɪdʒ
synonyms:
belittle|denigrate|deprecate|depreciate|downgrade|play down|deflate|trivialize|minimize|make light of|treat lightly|undervalue|underrate|underestimate|disdain|dismiss|ridicule|deride|mock|scorn|pour scorn on|scoff at|sneer at|laugh at|laugh off|run down|defame|decry|discredit|slander|libel|malign|speak ill of|speak badly of|cast aspersions on|impugn|vilify|traduce|revile|criticize|condemn|slur|do down|do a hatchet job on|take to pieces|pull apart|pull to pieces|pick holes in|drag through the mud|hit out at|knock|slam|pan|bash|bad-mouth|pooh-pooh|look down one's nose at|rubbish|slate|slag off|have a go at|cry down|hold cheap|misprize|minify|asperse|derogate|calumniate|vilipend|vituperate|derogatory|deprecating|deprecatory|denigratory|belittling|slighting|insulting|abusive|critical|scathing|negative|unfavourable|uncomplimentary|uncharitable|unsympathetic|contemptuous|scornful|snide|derisive|disdainful|sneering|bitchy|catty|contumelious

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘marry someone of unequal rank’, also ‘bring discredit on’): from Old French desparagier ‘marry someone of unequal rank’, based on Latin par ‘equal’.


word: DISPARATE
russian_word: несоизмеримый
example: they inhabit disparate worlds of thought
definition: essentially different in kind; not able to be compared.
antonyms: homogeneous
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɪsp(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsp(ə)rət
synonyms:
contrasting|different|differing|dissimilar|unlike|unalike|poles apart|varying|various|diverse|diversified|heterogeneous|unrelated|unconnected|distinct|separate|divergent|divers|myriad|contrastive

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin disparatus ‘separated’, from the verb disparare, from dis- ‘apart’ + parare ‘to prepare’; influenced in sense by Latin dispar ‘unequal’.


word: DISPARITY
russian_word: несоответствие
example: economic disparities between different regions of the country
definition: a great difference.
antonyms: parity|similarity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsparɪti
phonetics_text: dɪˈsparɪti
synonyms:
discrepancy|inconsistency|imbalance|inequality|incongruity|unevenness|disproportion|variance|variation|divergence|polarity|gap|gulf|breach|difference|dissimilarity|contrast|distinction|differential|unlikeness|dissimilitude|contrariety

origin:
mid 16th century: from French disparité, from late Latin disparitas, based on Latin paritas ‘parity’.


word: DISPASSIONATE
russian_word: бесстрастный
example: she dealt with life's disasters in a calm, dispassionate way
definition: not influenced by strong emotion, and so able to be rational and impartial.
antonyms: emotional|biased
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈpaʃ(ə)nət
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpaʃ(ə)nət
synonyms:
unemotional|non-emotional|unsentimental|emotionless|impassive|nonchalant|cool|collected|calm|and collected|unruffled|unperturbed|composed|self-possessed|level-headed|self-controlled|temperate|sober|placid|equable|tranquil|serene|unexcitable|unflappable|clinical|cold|indifferent|unmoved|unfeeling|uncaring|unsympathetic|laid-back|nonplussed|objective|detached|neutral|disinterested|uninvolved|impersonal|impartial|non-partisan|non-discriminatory|unbiased|unprejudiced|open-minded|fair|fair-minded|just|equitable|balanced|even-handed|unselfish|scientific|analytical|rational|logical|businesslike|free from discrimination|without fear or favour


word: DISPATCH
russian_word: отправка
example: he dispatched messages back to base|the Welsh team were dispatched comfortably by the opposition
definition: send off to a destination or for a purpose.|deal with (a task or opponent) quickly and efficiently.
synonyms: send|send off|mail|ship|freight|forward|transmit|consign|remit|convey|post
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈspatʃ
phonetics_text: dɪˈspatʃ
origin:
early 16th century: from Italian dispacciare or Spanish despachar ‘expedite’, from dis-, des- (expressing reversal) + the base of Italian impacciare, Spanish empachar ‘hinder’.


word: DISPEL
russian_word: развеять
example: the brightness of the day did nothing to dispel Elaine's dejection
definition: make (a doubt, feeling, or belief) disappear.
antonyms: engender
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dispellere, from dis- ‘apart’ + pellere ‘to drive’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈspɛl
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɛl
synonyms:
banish|eliminate|dismiss|chase away|drive away|drive off|get rid of|dissipate|disperse|scatter|disseminate|relieve|allay|ease|calm|quell|check|put to rest


word: DISPENSABLE
russian_word: несущественный
example: the captain's loss of form made him dispensable
definition: able to be replaced or done without; superfluous.
antonyms: indispensable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspɛnsəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɛnsəb(ə)l
synonyms:
expendable|disposable|replaceable|inessential|unessential|non-essential|skippable|unnecessary|unneeded|needless|not required|redundant|superfluous|surplus to requirements|gratuitous|uncalled for

origin:
early 16th century (in the sense ‘permissible in special circumstances’): from medieval Latin dispensabilis, from Latin dispensare (see dispense).


word: DISPENSATION
russian_word: разрешение
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dispensatio(n- ), from the verb dispensare (see dispense).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪspɛnˈseɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪspɛnˈseɪʃ(ə)n
example:
although she was too young, she was given special dispensation to play before her birthday|scholarship is conveyed to a wider audience than under the old dispensation|regulations controlling dispensation of medications

definition:
exemption from a rule or usual requirement.|a political, religious, or social system prevailing at a particular time.|the action of distributing or supplying something.

synonyms:
exemption|immunity|exception|exclusion|exoneration|freedom|release|relief|reprieve|remission|relaxation|absolution|impunity|a let-off


word: DISPENSE
russian_word: распределять
example: orderlies went round dispensing drinks|let's dispense with the formalities, shall we?
antonyms: collect
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈspɛns
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɛns
definition:
distribute or provide (a service or information) to a number of people.|manage without or get rid of.

synonyms:
distribute|pass round|pass out|hand out|deal out|dole out|share out|divide out|parcel out|allocate|allot|apportion|assign|bestow|confer|supply|disburse|dish out

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin dispensare ‘continue to weigh out or disburse’, from the verb dispendere, based on pendere ‘weigh’.


word: DISPERSE
russian_word: расходиться
example: storms can disperse seeds via high altitudes
definition: distribute or spread over a wide area.
antonyms: gather
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspəːs
phonetics_text: dɪˈspəːs
synonyms:
scatter|disseminate|distribute|spread|broadcast|diffuse|strew|sow|sprinkle|pepper|bestrew|besprinkle

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin dispers- ‘scattered’, from the verb dispergere, from dis- ‘widely’ + spargere ‘scatter, strew’.


word: DISPIRIT
russian_word: удручать
example: the army was dispirited by the uncomfortable winter conditions
definition: cause (someone) to lose enthusiasm or hope.
antonyms: hearten
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈspɪrɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɪrɪt
synonyms:
dishearten|discourage|demoralize|cast down|make dejected|make downhearted|depress|dismay|disappoint|daunt|deter|unman|unnerve|crush|sap|shake|throw|cow|subdue|undermine|dampen someone's spirits|bring low|knock sideways|knock the stuffing out of|knock for six|give someone the blues|deject|disheartened|discouraged|demoralized|downcast|low|low-spirited|dejected|downhearted|depressed|disconsolate|crushed|shattered|sapped|shaken|thrown|cowed|subdued|blue|fed up|brassed off|cheesed off|disheartening|depressing|discouraging|disappointing|daunting|disenchanting|demoralizing|unfavourable|inauspicious|off-putting|pessimistic|hopeless|grim|dismal|gloomy|sombre|cheerless|black|morbid|dejecting


word: DISPLAY
russian_word: дисплей
example: the palace used to display a series of tapestries
definition: put (something) in a prominent place in order that it may readily be seen.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈspleɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈspleɪ
synonyms:
exhibit|show|put on show|put on view|expose to view|present|unveil|set forth|arrange|dispose|array|lay out|set out

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘unfurl, unfold’): from Old French despleier, from Latin displicare ‘scatter, disperse’ (in medieval Latin ‘unfold’). Compare with deploy.


word: DISPLEASE
russian_word: не нравиться
example: the tone of the letter displeased him
definition: make (someone) feel annoyed or dissatisfied.
antonyms: please
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈpliːz
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpliːz
synonyms:
annoy|irritate|infuriate|incense|anger|irk|vex|provoke|pique|peeve|gall|nettle|exasperate|madden|dissatisfy|disgruntle|dismay|put out|affront|offend|insult|mortify|outrage|scandalize|disgust|bother|trouble|upset|perturb|disturb|discompose|aggravate|needle|bug|rile|rattle|miff|hack off|nark|wind up|get at|tee off|tick off|gravel|bum out|piss off

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desplaisir, from des- (expressing reversal) + plaisir ‘to please’, from Latin placere .


word: DISPLEASURE
russian_word: неудовольствие
example: he started hanging around the local pubs, much to the displeasure of his mother
definition: a feeling of annoyance or disapproval.
antonyms: pleasure|satisfaction
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desplaisir (see displease), influenced by pleasure.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈplɛʒə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈplɛʒə
synonyms:
annoyance|irritation|crossness|infuriation|anger|vexation|wrath|pique|chagrin|rancour|resentment|indignation|exasperation|dissatisfaction|discontent|discontentment|discontentedness|disgruntlement|disfavour|disapproval|disapprobation|disgust|distaste|offence|perturbation|disturbance|discomposure|upset|dismay|aggravation|ire|choler


word: DISPOSABLE
russian_word: одноразовый
example: disposable nappies|he made a mental inventory of his disposable assets
synonyms: throwaway|expendable|one-use|non-returnable|replaceable|paper|plastic|biodegradable|photodegradable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈspəʊzəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈspəʊzəb(ə)l
definition:
(of an article) intended to be thrown away after use.|(chiefly of financial assets) readily available for the owner's use as required.


word: DISPOSABLE INCOME
russian_word: чистый доход
example: the rents of tenants in work reached 21 per cent of disposable income
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
income remaining after deduction of taxes and social security charges, available to be spent or saved as one wishes.


word: DISPOSAL
russian_word: удаление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈspəʊz(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈspəʊz(ə)l
example:
the disposal of radioactive waste|the disposal of his shares in the company|she brushed her hair carefully, as if her success lay in the sleek disposal of each gleaming black thread

definition:
the action or process of getting rid of something.|the sale of shares, property, or other assets.|the arrangement of something.

synonyms:
throwing away|getting rid of|discarding|jettisoning|ejection|scrapping|destruction|dumping|ditching|chucking|chucking out|chucking away


word: DISPOSE
russian_word: располагать
antonyms: retain|acquire|keep
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈspəʊz
phonetics_text: dɪˈspəʊz
example:
the waste is disposed of in the North Sea|prolactin, a calming hormone, is released, disposing you towards sleep|the chief disposed his attendants in a circle

definition:
get rid of by throwing away or giving or selling to someone else.|incline (someone) towards a particular activity or mood.|arrange in a particular position.

synonyms:
throw away|throw out|cast out|get rid of|do away with|discard|jettison|abandon|eject|unload|scrap|destroy|dump|ditch|chuck|chuck out|chuck away|junk|get shut of|get shot of|trash|part with|give away|make over|hand over|deliver up|bestow|transfer|sell|auction|palm off|fob off|see the back of

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French disposer, from Latin disponere ‘arrange’, influenced by dispositus ‘arranged’ and Old French poser ‘to place’.


word: DISPOSED
russian_word: расположенный
example: James didn't seem disposed to take the hint
definition: inclined or willing.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspəʊzd
phonetics_text: dɪˈspəʊzd
synonyms:
inclined|predisposed|minded|willing|prepared|ready|of a mind|in the mood|keen|eager|game|liable|apt|likely|given|prone|tending|subject|capable of|in danger of


word: DISPOSITION
russian_word: расположение
synonyms: temperament|nature|character|constitution|make-up|grain|humour|temper|mentality|turn of mind|kidney
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪspəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
example:
your sunny disposition has a way of rubbing off on those around you|the plan shows the disposition of the rooms|this is a tax which affects the disposition of assets on death|if Napoleon had had railways at his disposition, he would have been invincible

definition:
a person's inherent qualities of mind and character.|the way in which something is placed or arranged, especially in relation to other things.|the distribution or transfer of property or money to someone, especially by bequest.|the power to deal with something as one pleases.

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin dispositio(n- ), from disponere ‘arrange’ (see dispose).


word: DISPOSITIVE
russian_word: распорядительный
example: such litigation will rarely be dispositive of any question
definition: relating to or bringing about the settlement of an issue or the disposition of property.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈpɒzətɪv
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpɒzətɪv
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘contributory, conducive’): from Old French, or from medieval Latin dispositivus, from Latin disposit- ‘arranged, disposed’, from the verb disponere (see dispose).


word: DISPOSSESS
russian_word: лишать собственности
example: they were dispossessed of lands and properties during the Reformation
definition: deprive (someone) of land, property, or other possessions.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪspəˈzɛs
phonetics_text: dɪspəˈzɛs
synonyms:
divest|strip|rob|cheat out of|do out of|deprive|relieve|bereave|diddle out of|reave|dislodge|oust|eject|expel|drive out|evict|turn out|cast out|throw out|throw someone out on their ear|put out in the street|show someone the door|banish|exile|chuck out|kick out|boot out|heave out|bounce|defenestrate|turf out|give someone the bum's rush|out

origin:
late 15th century: from Old French despossesser, from des- (expressing reversal) + possesser ‘possess’.


word: DISPROPORTIONATE
russian_word: несоразмерный
example: people on lower incomes spend a disproportionate amount of their income on fuel
definition: too large or too small in comparison with something else.
antonyms: proportional
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃ(ə)nət
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃ(ə)nət
synonyms:
out of proportion to|not in proportion to|not appropriate to|not commensurate with|relatively too large for|relatively too small for|inordinate|unreasonable|excessive|uncalled for|undue|unfair|unbalanced|uneven|unequal|irregular

origin:
mid 16th century: from dis- (expressing absence) + proportionate, on the pattern of French disproportionné .


word: DISPROVE
russian_word: опровергать
example: he has given the Department of Transport two months to disprove the allegation
definition: prove that (something) is false.
antonyms: prove
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desprover .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈpruːv
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpruːv
synonyms:
refute|prove false|show to be false|give the lie to|rebut|deny|falsify|debunk|negate|invalidate|contradict|confound|be at odds with|demolish|discredit|challenge|call into question|shoot full of holes|shoot down (in flames)|blow sky-high|blow out of the water|confute|gainsay|controvert|negative


word: DISPUTABLE
russian_word: спорный
example: whether it can be described as art criticism may be disputable
definition: not established as a fact, and so open to question or debate.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspjuːtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈspjuːtəb(ə)l|ˈdɪspjʊtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
debatable|open to debate|open to discussion|arguable|contestable|moot|open to question|questionable|doubtful|dubious|controversial|contentious|disputed|contended|unconfirmed|unsettled|unsound|iffy|dodgy|controvertible

origin:
late 15th century: from Latin disputabilis, from the verb disputare ‘to estimate’, later ‘to dispute’ (see dispute).


word: DISPUTATION
russian_word: диспут
example: promoting consensus rather than disputation
definition: debate or argument.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin disputatio(n- ), from the verb disputare (see dispute).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪspjuːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪspjuːˈteɪʃ(ə)n|dɪspjʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
debate|discussion|dispute|argument|arguing|argumentation|altercation|wrangling|sparring|dissension|disagreement|disharmony|conflict|contention|controversy|polemics|contestation|velitation


word: DISPUTE
russian_word: спор
example: a territorial dispute between the two countries
definition: a disagreement or argument.
antonyms: agreement
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
debate|discussion|discourse|disputation|argument|controversy|contention|disagreement|altercation|falling-out|quarrelling|variance|dissension|conflict|friction|strife|discord|antagonism|velitation|contestation|quarrel|squabble|shouting match|difference of opinion|clash|wrangle|feud|fight|fracas|brawl|donnybrook|tiff|spat|scrap|run-in|row|barney|slanging match|ding-dong|bust-up|afters|rammy|rhubarb|broil|miff

phonetic:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin disputare ‘to estimate’ (in late Latin ‘to dispute’), from dis- ‘apart’ + putare ‘reckon’.


word: DISQUALIFIED
russian_word: дисквалифицированный
example: he was hit by a disqualified driver
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈkwɒlɪfʌɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkwɒlɪfʌɪd
definition:
(of a person) declared ineligible for an office, activity, or competition because of an offence or infringement.


word: DISQUALIFY
russian_word: дисквалифицировать
example: he was disqualified from driving for six months
antonyms: allowed
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkwɒlɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkwɒlɪfʌɪ
definition:
declare (someone) ineligible for an office, activity, or competition because of an offence or infringement.

synonyms:
banned|barred|disbarred|debarred|eliminated|precluded|disentitled|ineligible|unfit|unqualified|out of the running|ruled out|knocked out


word: DISQUIET
russian_word: беспокойство
example: public disquiet about animal testing
definition: a feeling of worry or unease.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkwʌɪət
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkwʌɪət
synonyms:
unease|uneasiness|worry|anxiety|anxiousness|distress|concern|unrest|disquietude|inquietude|perturbation|consternation|upset|malaise|alarm|anguish|fear|fright|dread|panic|angst|nervousness|agitation|restlessness|fretfulness|jitteriness|foreboding|trepidation


word: DISQUISITION
russian_word: изыскание
example: nothing can kill a radio show quicker than a disquisition on intertextual analysis
definition: a long or elaborate essay or discussion on a particular subject.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
essay|dissertation|treatise|paper|discourse|tract|monograph|study|article|discussion|lecture|address|presentation|speech|talk|monologue|analysis|commentary|review|critique

origin:
late 15th century: via French from Latin disquisitio(n- ) ‘investigation’, based on quaerere ‘seek’. The original sense was ‘topic for investigation’, whence ‘discourse in which a subject is investigated’ (mid 17th century).


word: DISREGARD
russian_word: пренебрежение
example: the body of evidence is too substantial to disregard
definition: pay no attention to; ignore.
antonyms: heed|pay attention to
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪsrɪˈɡɑːd
phonetics_text: dɪsrɪˈɡɑːd
synonyms:
ignore|take no notice of|take no account of|pay no attention/heed to|refuse to acknowledge|discount|set aside|forget|overlook|dismiss|turn a blind eye to|turn a deaf ear to|shut one's eyes to|pass over|gloss over|brush off/aside|shrug off|look the other way|laugh off|make light of|thumb one's nose at|write off|blank


word: DISREPAIR
russian_word: неисправность
example: the station gradually fell into disrepair
definition: poor condition of a building or structure due to neglect.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsrɪˈpɛː
phonetics_text: dɪsrɪˈpɛː
synonyms:
dilapidation|decrepitude|shabbiness|ruin|ruination|rack and ruin|ricketiness|deterioration|decay|degeneration|collapse|abandonment|neglect|disuse


word: DISREPUTABLE
russian_word: постыдный
example: he was heavy, grubby, and vaguely disreputable
definition: not considered to be respectable in character or appearance.
antonyms: reputable|respectable|smart
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈrɛpjʊtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈrɛpjʊtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
scandalous|of bad reputation|infamous|notorious|louche|dishonourable|dishonest|villainous|rascally|ignominious|corrupt|unscrupulous|unprincipled|immoral|untrustworthy|discreditable|contemptible|reprehensible|despicable|disgraceful|shameful|shocking|outrageous|unworthy|base|low|mean|questionable|suspect|suspicious|dubious|unsavoury|slippery|seedy|sleazy|seamy|unwholesome|crooked|shady|shifty|fishy|dodgy|scruffy|shabby|slovenly|down at heel|untidy|unkempt|dishevelled|disordered|bedraggled|dilapidated|threadbare|tattered|sloppy


word: DISREPUTE
russian_word: дурная слава
example: one of the top clubs in the country is bringing the game into disrepute
definition: the state of being held in low esteem by the public.
antonyms: honour
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt
synonyms:
disgrace|shame|dishonour|infamy|notoriety|ignominy|stigma|scandal|bad reputation|lack of respectability|degradation|humiliation|odium|opprobrium|obloquy|discredit|ill repute|disesteem|low esteem|loss of face|unpopularity|disfavour|ill favour


word: DISRESPECT
russian_word: неуважение
example: growing disrespect for the rule of law
definition: lack of respect or courtesy.
antonyms: respect|esteem
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsrɪˈspɛkt
phonetics_text: dɪsrɪˈspɛkt
synonyms:
contempt|lack of respect|scorn|disregard|disdain|opprobrium|derision|mockery|ridicule|discourtesy|rudeness|impoliteness|incivility|unmannerliness|lack of civility|ungraciousness|irreverence|lack of consideration|ill/bad manners|insolence|impudence|impertinence|cheek|flippancy|churlishness|lip|nerve


word: DISRESPECTFUL
russian_word: непочтительный
example: a deeply disrespectful attitude towards women
definition: showing a lack of respect or courtesy; impolite.
antonyms: respectful|polite
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsrɪˈspɛk(t)f(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsrɪˈspɛk(t)f(ə)l
synonyms:
discourteous|rude|impolite|uncivil|unmannerly|ill-mannered|bad-mannered|ungracious|irreverent|inconsiderate|insolent|impudent|impertinent|cheeky|flippant|insubordinate|churlish|contemptuous|disdainful|derisive|scornful|disparaging|insulting|abusive|fresh


word: DISROBE
russian_word: раздеваться
example: I slipped into the adjoining bathroom to disrobe
definition: take off one's clothes.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈrəʊb
phonetics_text: dɪsˈrəʊb
synonyms:
undress|strip|strip naked|take off one's clothes|remove one's clothes|doff one's clothes|shed one's clothes|denude|uncover oneself|peel off

origin:
late Middle English: from dis- (expressing reversal) + robe, perhaps on the pattern of French desrober .


word: DISRUPT
russian_word: разрушать
example: flooding disrupted rail services
definition: interrupt (an event, activity, or process) by causing a disturbance or problem.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin disrupt- ‘broken apart’, from the verb disrumpere .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈrʌpt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈrʌpt
synonyms:
throw into confusion|throw into disorder|throw into disarray|cause confusion/turmoil in|play havoc with|derange|turn upside-down|make a mess of|disturb|disorder|disorganize|disarrange|interfere with|upset|unsettle|convulse|interrupt|suspend|discontinue|obstruct|impede|hamper|hold up|delay|retard|slow (down)


word: DISRUPTION
russian_word: нарушение
example: the scheme was planned to minimize disruption|no industry is immune to digital disruption
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈrʌpʃn
phonetics_text: dɪsˈrʌpʃn
definition:
disturbance or problems which interrupt an event, activity, or process.|radical change to an existing industry or market due to technological innovation.

synonyms:
disturbance|disordering|disarrangement|disarranging|interference|upset|upsetting|unsettling|confusion|confusing|disorderliness|disorganization|turmoil|disarray|interruption|suspension|discontinuation|stoppage|obstruction|impeding|hampering|spoiling|ruining|wrecking|undermining|holding up|delaying|delay|retardation


word: DISRUPTIVE
russian_word: разрушительный
example: disruptive pupils
definition: causing or tending to cause disruption.
antonyms: well behaved|manageable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈrʌptɪv
phonetics_text: dɪsˈrʌptɪv
synonyms:
troublemaking|troublesome|unruly|rowdy|disorderly|undisciplined|attention-seeking|riotous|wild|turbulent|unmanageable|uncontrollable|out of control/hand|unrestrained|obstreperous|truculent|fractious|divisive|badly behaved|misbehaving|errant|uncooperative|rebellious|disturbing|distracting|unsettling|upsetting|noisy|raucous|refractory


word: DISRUPTOR
russian_word: нарушающими
example: the film follows his evolution from Hollywood star to political disruptor
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈrʌptə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈrʌptə
definition:
a person or thing that interrupts an event, activity, or process by causing a disturbance or problem.


word: DISSATISFACTION
russian_word: недовольство
example: widespread public dissatisfaction with incumbent politicians
definition: lack of satisfaction.
antonyms: satisfaction
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪssatɪsˈfakʃn
phonetics_text: dɪssatɪsˈfakʃn
synonyms:
discontent|discontentment|disappointment|disaffection|disquiet|unhappiness|malaise|disgruntlement|frustration|vexation|annoyance|irritation|anger|exasperation|resentment|restlessness|restiveness|disapproval|disapprobation|disfavour|displeasure|grievance|disregard|disgust|regret|chagrin|dismay|Weltschmerz


word: DISSATISFIED
russian_word: недовольный
example: his parents are dissatisfied with the quality of tuition on offer
definition: not content or happy with something.
antonyms: satisfied|contented
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈsatɪsfʌɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈsatɪsfʌɪd
synonyms:
discontented|malcontent|unsatisfied|disappointed|disaffected|disquieted|unhappy|disgruntled|aggrieved|frustrated|vexed|annoyed|irritated|angry|angered|exasperated|fed up|resentful|restless|restive|disapproving|displeased|unfulfilled|regretful|cheesed off|browned off|brassed off|not best pleased|pissed off


word: DISSATISFY
russian_word: вызывать недовольство
example: what is it about these words that dissatisfies you?
definition: fail to satisfy (someone).
antonyms: satisfy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪ(s)ˈsatɪsfʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪ(s)ˈsatɪsfʌɪ
synonyms:
displease|fail to satisfy|give cause for complaint|not be good enough|disappoint|let down|disquiet|disgruntle|aggrieve|frustrate|vex|annoy|irritate|put out|anger|exasperate


word: DISSECT
russian_word: рассекать
example: an animal's eye can be easily dissected
definition: methodically cut up (a body or plant) in order to study its internal parts.
synonyms: anatomize|cut up|cut/lay open|dismember|vivisect
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈsɛkt
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈsɛkt|dɪˈsɛkt
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin dissect- ‘cut up’, from the verb dissecare, from dis- ‘apart’ + secare ‘to cut’.


word: DISSECTION
russian_word: рассечение
example: the dissection of animals for scientific research
definition: the action of dissecting a body or plant to study its internal parts.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛkʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛkʃn
synonyms:
cutting up|cutting open|dismemberment|autopsy|post-mortem|necropsy|anatomy|vivisection|zootomy|analysis|examination|study|inspection|scrutiny|scrutinization|probe|probing|exploration|investigation|inquiry|evaluation|assessment|criticism|breakdown|deconstruction


word: DISSEMBLE
russian_word: лицемерить
example: an honest, sincere person with no need to dissemble
definition: conceal or disguise one's true feelings or beliefs.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsɛmb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛmb(ə)l
synonyms:
dissimulate|pretend|deceive|feign|act|masquerade|sham|fake|bluff|counterfeit|pose|posture|hide one's feelings|be dishonest|put on a false front|lie|cover up|conceal|disguise|hide|mask|veil|shroud

origin:
late Middle English: alteration (suggested by semblance) of obsolete dissimule, via Old French from Latin dissimulare ‘disguise, conceal’.


word: DISSEMINATE
russian_word: распространять
example: health authorities should foster good practice by disseminating information
definition: spread (something, especially information) widely.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsɛmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛmɪneɪt
synonyms:
spread|circulate|distribute|disperse|diffuse|proclaim|promulgate|propagate|publicize|communicate|pass on|make known|put about|dissipate|scatter|broadcast|put on the air/airwaves|publish|herald|trumpet|bruit abroad/about

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin disseminat- ‘scattered’, from the verb disseminare, from dis- ‘abroad’ + semen, semin- ‘seed’.


word: DISSEMINATION
russian_word: распространение
example: the dissemination of public information
definition: the action or fact of spreading something, especially information, widely.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌsɛmɪˈneɪʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˌsɛmɪˈneɪʃn
synonyms:
spreading|circulation|distribution|dispersal|diffusion|proclamation|promulgation|propagation|publicizing|communication|passing on|making known|putting about|dissipation|scattering|broadcasting|relaying|transmission|putting on the air/airwaves|publishing|publication


word: DISSENSION
russian_word: разногласие
example: these issues caused bitter dissension in the party
definition: disagreement that leads to discord.
antonyms: agreement|harmony
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin dissensio(n- ), from the verb dissentire (see dissent).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
disagreement|difference of opinion|dispute|dissent|variance|conflict|friction|strife|discord|discordance|discordancy|disunion|disaffection|rivalry|antagonism|argument|debate|controversy|disputation|contention|quarrelling|wrangling|bickering|squabbling|falling-out


word: DISSENT
russian_word: несогласие
example: there was no dissent from this view
definition: the holding or expression of opinions at variance with those commonly or officially held.
antonyms: agreement|acceptance
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dissentire ‘differ in sentiment’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈsɛnt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛnt
synonyms:
disagreement|lack of agreement|difference of opinion|argument|dispute|demur|disapproval|objection|protest|opposition|defiance|insubordination|conflict|friction|strife|arguing|quarrelling|wrangling|bickering


word: DISSENTER
russian_word: диссидент
definition: a person who dissents.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛntə
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛntə
synonyms:
dissident|dissentient|objector|protester|disputant|rejectionist|rebel|revolutionary|renegade|maverick|disruptor|independent|apostate|heretic|bad boy


word: DISSENTIENT
russian_word: инакомыслящий
example: dissentient voices were castigated as ‘hopeless bureaucrats’
definition: in opposition to a majority or official opinion.
origin: early 17th century: from Latin dissentient- ‘differing in opinion’, from the verb dissentire .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)nt
synonyms:
dissenting|dissident|disagreeing|differing|discordant|contradicting|contrary|negative|anti-|opposing|opposed|objecting|protesting|complaining|rebellious|rebelling|revolutionary|nonconformist|non-compliant|unorthodox|recusant|heterodox|heretical|gainsaying


word: DISSEPIMENT
russian_word: перегородка
definition: a partition in a part or organ; a septum.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛpɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛpɪm(ə)nt
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin dissaepimentum, from dissaepire ‘make separate’, from dis- (expressing separation) + saepire ‘divide by a hedge’.


word: DISSERTATION
russian_word: диссертация
example: a dissertation on the novels of the Brontë sisters
definition: a long essay on a particular subject, especially one written for a university degree or diploma.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
essay|thesis|treatise|paper|study|composition|discourse|disquisition|tract|monograph|critique|exposition|criticism|appraisal|assessment|discussion

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘discussion, debate’): from Latin dissertatio(n- ), from dissertare ‘continue to discuss’, from disserere ‘examine, discuss’.


word: DISSERVICE
russian_word: ущерб
example: you have done a disservice to the African people by ignoring this fact
definition: a harmful action.
antonyms: favour
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪ(s)ˈsəːvɪs
phonetics_text: dɪ(s)ˈsəːvɪs
synonyms:
unkindness|bad turn|ill turn|disfavour|mischief|injury|harm|hurt|damage|offence|wrong|injustice|kick in the teeth


word: DISSIDENCE
russian_word: раскол
example: the dissidence of the intellectuals
definition: protest against official policy.
antonyms: agreement|acceptance
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin dissidentia, from dissident- ‘sitting apart’ (see dissident).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪsɪd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsɪd(ə)ns
synonyms:
disagreement|dissent|disaccord|discord|discontent|disapproval|opposition|resistance|protest|insurrection|rebellion|sedition


word: DISSIDENT
russian_word: диссидент
example: a dissident who had been jailed by a military regime
definition: a person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state.
antonyms: conformist
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪsɪd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsɪd(ə)nt
synonyms:
dissenter|objector|protester|disputant|freethinker|nonconformist|independent thinker|rebel|revolutionary|recusant|renegade|subversive|agitator|insurgent|insurrectionist|insurrectionary|disruptor|mutineer|refusenik

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘differing in opinion or character’): from Latin dissident- ‘sitting apart, disagreeing’, from dis- ‘apart’ + sedere ‘sit’.


word: DISSIMILAR
russian_word: несходный
example: a collection of dissimilar nations lacking overall homogeneity
definition: not the same; different.
antonyms: similar
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsɪmɪlə
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɪmɪlə
synonyms:
different|differing|unlike|unalike|varying|variant|various|diverse|heterogeneous|disparate|unrelated|distinct|contrasting|contradictory|poles apart|divergent|mismatched|inconsistent|like chalk and cheese|divers|myriad|contrastive

origin:
late 16th century: from dis- (expressing reversal) + similar, on the pattern of Latin dissimilis, French dissimilaire .


word: DISSIMILARITY
russian_word: несходство
example: the similarity or dissimilarity between humans and other animals
definition: difference; variance.
antonyms: similarity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsɪmɪˈlarɪti
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsɪmɪˈlarɪti
synonyms:
difference(s)|dissimilitude|variance|variation|diversity|heterogeneity|disparateness|disparity|distinctness|distinction|contrast|non-uniformity|incomparability|incongruity|polarity|divergence|deviation|unrelatedness|inconsistency|discrepancy|unlikeness


word: DISSIMILITUDE
russian_word: несхожесть
definition: dissimilarity or diversity.
antonyms: similarity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd
synonyms:
dissimilarity|difference(s)|variance|variation|diversity|heterogeneity|disparateness|disparity|distinctness|distinction|contrast|non-uniformity|incomparability|incongruity|polarity|divergence|deviation|unrelatedness|inconsistency|discrepancy|unlikeness

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin dissimilitudo, from dissimilis ‘unlike’, from dis- (expressing reversal) + similis ‘like, similar’.


word: DISSIMULATE
russian_word: скрывать
example: a country gentleman who dissimulates his wealth beneath ragged pullovers
definition: conceal or disguise (one's thoughts, feelings, or character).
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dissimulat- ‘hidden, concealed’, from the verb dissimulare .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsɪmjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɪmjʊleɪt
synonyms:
pretend|deceive|feign|act|dissemble|masquerade|pose|posture|sham|fake|bluff|counterfeit|go through the motions|hide one's feelings|be dishonest|put on a false front|lie


word: DISSIMULATION
russian_word: притворство
example: an attempt at dissimulation|his audience consisted of a dissimulation of birds
definition: concealment of one's thoughts, feelings, or character; pretence.|a flock of small birds.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌsɪmjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌsɪmjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
pretence|dissembling|misrepresentation|deceit|dishonesty|duplicity|lying|guile|subterfuge|feigning|falsification|shamming|faking|bluff|bluffing|counterfeiting|posturing|hypocrisy|double-dealing|concealment|concealing|masking|disguising|hiding|veiling|shrouding|codology|kidology


word: DISSIPATE
russian_word: рассеивать
antonyms: grow|develop
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɪsɪpeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsɪpeɪt
example:
the concern she'd felt for him had wholly dissipated|he inherited, but then dissipated, his father's fortune

definition:
(with reference to a feeling or emotion) disappear or cause to disappear.|waste or fritter away (money, energy, or resources).

synonyms:
disappear|vanish|evaporate|dissolve|melt away|melt into thin air|be dispelled|dematerialize|disperse|scatter|drive away|dispel|banish|quell|allay|check|evanesce

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin dissipat- ‘scattered’, from the verb dissipare, from dis- ‘apart, widely’ + supare ‘to throw’.


word: DISSIPATED
russian_word: рассеянный
example: dissipated behaviour
definition: (of a person or way of life) overindulging in sensual pleasures.
antonyms: ascetic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪsɪpeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsɪpeɪtɪd
synonyms:
dissolute|debauched|decadent|intemperate|immoderate|profligate|abandoned|self-indulgent|wild|unrestrained|fast-living|depraved|degenerate|corrupt|sinful|immoral|impure|rakish|louche|licentious|promiscuous|lecherous|libertine|wanton|lustful|libidinous|lewd|unchaste|loose|drunken


word: DISSIPATION
russian_word: рассеивание
example: a descent into drunkenness and sexual dissipation|the dissipation of the country's mineral wealth
antonyms: asceticism|restraint
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsɪˈpeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪsɪˈpeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
overindulgence in sensual pleasures; dissipated living.|the squandering of money, energy, or resources.

synonyms:
debauchery|decadence|dissoluteness|dissolution|intemperance|immoderation|excess|profligacy|abandonment|self-indulgence|wildness|depravity|degeneracy|corruption|sinfulness|immorality|vice|impurity|rakishness|licentiousness|promiscuity|lecherousness|lechery|libertinism|libertinage|wantonness|lustfulness|libidinousness|lewdness|drunkenness

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘complete disintegration’): from Latin dissipatio(n- ), from the verb dissipare (see dissipate).


word: DISSOCIATE
russian_word: отмежеваться
antonyms: relate|connect
synonyms: separate|detach|disconnect|sever|cut off|divorce|set apart|segregate|distinguish|isolate|alienate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsəʊʃɪeɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsəʊʃɪeɪt|dɪˈsəʊsɪeɪt
example:
the word ‘spiritual’ has become for many dissociated from religion|these compounds are dissociated by solar radiation to yield atoms of chlorine

definition:
(especially in abstract contexts) disconnect or separate.|(with reference to a molecule) split into separate smaller atoms, ions, or molecules, especially reversibly.

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin dissociat- ‘separated’, from the verb dissociare, from dis- (expressing reversal) + sociare ‘join together’ (from socius ‘companion’).


word: DISSOCIATION
russian_word: диссоциация
example: we in the West honour a long-standing dissociation between church and state
definition: the action of disconnecting or separating or the state of being disconnected.
antonyms: association|union
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌsəʊʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌsəʊʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n|dɪˌsəʊsɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
separation|disconnection|detachment|severance|divorce|uncoupling|split|setting apart|segregation|distinction|division|isolation|alienation|distancing|sundering|disseverment


word: DISSOCIATIVE
russian_word: разобщающий
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsəʊʃɪətɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈsəʊʃɪətɪv|dɪˈsəʊsɪətɪv
example:
the dissociative force of scepticism has been constantly at work in all of Europe's great ages|the dynamics of dissociative electron transfer

definition:
causing disconnection or separation.|causing a molecule to split into separate smaller atoms, ions, or molecules, especially in a way that is reversible.


word: DISSOLUTE
russian_word: развратный
example: unfortunately, his heir was feckless and dissolute
definition: (of a person or a way of life) overindulging in sensual pleasures.
antonyms: ascetic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪsəluːt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsəluːt
synonyms:
dissipated|debauched|decadent|intemperate|profligate|abandoned|self-indulgent|rakish|louche|licentious|promiscuous|lecherous|libertine|wanton|lustful|libidinous|lewd|unchaste|loose|wild|unrestrained|fast-living|depraved|degenerate|corrupt|sinful|immoral|impure|drunken

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin dissolutus ‘disconnected, loose’, from the verb dissolvere (see dissolve).


word: DISSOLUTION
russian_word: растворение
example: the dissolution of their marriage|an advanced state of dissolution
antonyms: asceticism|restraint
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dissolutio(n- ), from the verb dissolvere (see dissolve).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈluːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈluːʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of formally ending or dismissing an assembly, partnership, or official body.|debauched living; dissipation.

synonyms:
cessation|conclusion|end|ending|finish|termination|break-up|split-up|winding up/down|discontinuation|suspension|disbandment|disbanding|disestablishment|disunion|separation|dispersal|scattering|prorogation|recess


word: DISSOLVE
russian_word: растворить
example: glucose dissolves easily in water|the National Assembly was dissolved after a coup
antonyms: condense
synonyms: go into solution|become a solution|break down|liquefy|melt|deliquesce|disintegrate|diffuse|solvate
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈzɒlv
phonetics_text: dɪˈzɒlv
definition:
(with reference to a solid) become or cause to become incorporated into a liquid so as to form a solution.|close down or dismiss (an assembly or official body).

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘break down into component parts’): from Latin dissolvere, from dis- ‘apart’ + solvere ‘loosen or solve’.


word: DISSONANCE
russian_word: диссонанс
example: an unusual degree of dissonance for such choral styles
definition: lack of harmony among musical notes.
antonyms: harmony
synonyms: inharmoniousness|discordance|atonality|cacophony|harshness|stridency|grating|jarring
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪs(ə)nəns
phonetics_text: ˈdɪs(ə)nəns
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from late Latin dissonantia, from Latin dissonant- ‘disagreeing in sound’, from the verb dissonare .


word: DISSONANT
russian_word: нестройный
example: irregular, dissonant chords
definition: lacking harmony.
antonyms: harmonious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪs(ə)nənt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪs(ə)nənt
synonyms:
inharmonious|disharmonious|discordant|unmelodious|atonal|tuneless|off-key|cacophonous|harsh|strident|grating|jarring

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘clashing’): from Old French, or from Latin dissonant- ‘being discordant’, from the verb dissonare, from dis- ‘apart’ + sonare ‘to sound’.


word: DISSUADE
russian_word: отговаривать
example: his friends tried to dissuade him from flying
definition: persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.
antonyms: persuade|encourage
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsweɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈsweɪd
synonyms:
discourage|deter|prevent|disincline|turn aside|divert|sidetrack|talk out of|persuade against|persuade not to|argue out of|put off|stop|scare off|warn off|advise against|urge against|advise/urge not to|caution against|expostulate against|dehort

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘advise against’): from Latin dissuadere, from dis- (expressing reversal) + suadere ‘advise, persuade’.


word: DISTANCE
russian_word: расстояние
antonyms: friendliness
synonyms: interval|space|span|gap|separation|interspace|stretch|extent|length|width|breadth|depth|range|reach
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɪst(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɪst(ə)ns
example:
I cycled the short distance home|he claimed the 100 m title in only his second race over the distance|a mix of warmth and distance makes a good neighbour

definition:
the length of the space between two points.|the full length of a race.|the avoidance of familiarity; reserve.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘discord, debate’): from Old French or from Latin distantia, from distant- ‘standing apart’, from the verb distare (see distant).


word: DISTANT
russian_word: отдаленный
example: distant parts of the world|his children found him strangely distant
definition: far away in space or time.|(of a person) not intimate; cool or reserved.
antonyms: near|recent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪst(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪst(ə)nt
synonyms:
faraway|far off|far|remote|out of the way|outlying|abroad|far-flung|obscure|isolated|cut off|off the beaten track|long ago|bygone|ancient|prehistoric|antediluvian|immemorial|olden|of yore|away|off|apart|separated

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin distant- ‘standing apart’, from the verb distare, from dis- ‘apart’ + stare ‘stand’.


word: DISTASTE
russian_word: отвращение
example: Harry nurtured a distaste for all things athletic
definition: mild dislike or aversion.
antonyms: liking
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈteɪst
phonetics_text: dɪsˈteɪst
synonyms:
dislike|disfavour|disdain|repugnance|disgust|revulsion|contempt|antipathy|odium|hatred|loathing|detestation|execration|abomination|horror|disinclination towards|aversion to|disapproval of|disapprobation of|displeasure with|dissatisfaction with|discontent with|disrelish|repellence|repellency

origin:
late 16th century: from dis- (expressing reversal) + taste, on the pattern of early modern French desgout, Italian disgusto . Compare with disgust.


word: DISTASTEFUL
russian_word: неприятный
example: he found such cynicism distasteful
definition: causing dislike or aversion; disagreeable or unpleasant.
antonyms: agreeable|tasty
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈteɪstfʊl
phonetics_text: dɪsˈteɪstfʊl|dɪsˈteɪstf(ə)l
synonyms:
unpleasant|disagreeable|displeasing|unpleasing|undesirable|off-putting|uninviting|objectionable|offensive|unsavoury|unpalatable|obnoxious|odious|disgusting|repellent|repulsive|revolting|repugnant|abhorrent|loathsome|detestable|obscene|foul|nasty|vile|unappetizing|inedible|sickening|nauseating|nauseous|horrible|horrid


word: DISTEND
russian_word: вспучивать
example: the abdomen distended rapidly
definition: swell or cause to swell by pressure from inside.
antonyms: shrink|contract|shrunken|deflated
origin: late Middle English: from Latin distendere, from dis- ‘apart’ + tendere ‘to stretch’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstɛnd
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɛnd
synonyms:
swell|bloat|bulge|puff out/up|blow up/out|expand|dilate|inflate|enlarge|tumefy|intumesce|swollen|bloated|tumescent|dilated|engorged|enlarged|inflated|stretched|blown up|pumped up/out|expanded|extended|ballooning|puffy|puffed up|bulbous|bulging|protuberant|prominent|sticking out|turgescent|ventricose|tumid


word: DISTIL
russian_word: перегонять
example: they managed to distil a small quantity of water|my travel notes were distilled into a book
synonyms: purify|refine|filter|treat|process|sublime|sublimate|fractionate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstɪl
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪl
definition:
purify (a liquid) by heating it so that it vaporizes, then cooling and condensing the vapour and collecting the resulting liquid.|extract the essential meaning or most important aspects of.

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin distillare, variant of destillare, from de- ‘down, away’ + stillare (from stilla ‘a drop’).


word: DISTILLATION
russian_word: перегонка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪstɪˈleɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdɪstɪˈleɪʃn
example:
the petroleum distillation process|this book represents the distillation of years of experience in the private sector

definition:
the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.|the extraction of the essential meaning or most important aspects of something.

synonyms:
distilling|purification|refining|filtering|filtration|treatment|processing|sublimation|fractionation|pressing|squeezing|extraction|extracting|drawing out|concentration|condensation|reduction


word: DISTILLING
russian_word: перегонный
example: the distilling of grain whisky|the album's poignant distilling of the fading of youth and optimism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈstɪlɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪlɪŋ
definition:
the process of making spirits or an essence by distilling.|the fact or process of extracting the essential meaning or most important aspects of something.


word: DISTINCT
russian_word: отчетливый
example: the patterns of spoken language are distinct from those of writing|a distinct smell of nicotine
antonyms: indistinct|fuzzy|indefinite
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstɪŋ(k)t
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪŋ(k)t
definition:
recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type.|readily distinguishable by the senses.

synonyms:
clear|clear-cut|definite|well defined|sharp|marked|decided|unmistakable|easily distinguishable|recognizable|visible|perceptible|noticeable|obvious|plain|plain as day|evident|apparent|manifest|patent|palpable|unambiguous|unequivocal|pronounced|prominent|striking

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘differentiated’): from Latin distinctus ‘separated, distinguished’, from the verb distinguere (see distinguish).


word: DISTINCTION
russian_word: различие
example: I was completely unaware of class distinctions|a novelist of distinction
antonyms: similarity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈstɪŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n
definition:
a difference or contrast between similar things or people.|excellence that sets someone or something apart from others.

synonyms:
difference|contrast|dissimilarity|dissimilitude|divergence|variance|variation|division|separation|differentiation|contradistinction|discrimination|segregation|dividing line|gulf|gap|chasm

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘subdivision, category’): via Old French from Latin distinctio(n- ), from the verb distinguere (see distinguish).


word: DISTINCTIVE
russian_word: отличительный
example: juniper berries give gin its distinctive flavour
definition: characteristic of one person or thing, and so serving to distinguish it from others.
antonyms: common
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstɪŋ(k)tɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪŋ(k)tɪv
synonyms:
distinguishing|characteristic|typical|individual|particular|peculiar|idiosyncratic|differentiating|unique|exclusive|special|especial|remarkable|unusual|singular|noteworthy|different|uncommon|extraordinary|original

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘serving to differentiate’): from late Latin distinctivus, from Latin distinct- ‘distinguished’ (see distinct).


word: DISTINGUISH
russian_word: различать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ
example:
the child is perfectly capable of distinguishing reality from fantasy|it was too dark to distinguish anything more than their vague shapes|many distinguished themselves in the fight against Hitler

definition:
recognize or treat (someone or something) as different.|manage to discern (something barely perceptible).|make oneself worthy of respect by one's behaviour or achievements.

synonyms:
differentiate|tell apart|discriminate|discern|determine|pick out|tell the difference between|decide between

origin:
late 16th century: formed irregularly from French distinguer or Latin distinguere, from dis- ‘apart’ + stinguere ‘put out’ (from a base meaning ‘prick’).


word: DISTINGUISHED
russian_word: выдающийся
example: a distinguished American educationist
definition: very successful, authoritative, and commanding great respect.
antonyms: unknown|obscure
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt
synonyms:
eminent|famous|famed|renowned|prominent|well known|esteemed|respected|illustrious|august|venerable|honoured|acclaimed|celebrated|legendary|great|noted|notable|important|significant|influential


word: DISTORT
russian_word: искажать
antonyms: straight
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstɔːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɔːt
example:
a grimace distorted her mouth|many factors can distort the results|you're distorting the sound by overdriving the amp

definition:
pull or twist out of shape.|give a misleading or false account or impression of.|change the form of (an electrical signal or sound wave) during transmission, amplification, or other processing.

synonyms:
twist|warp|contort|bend|buckle|deform|malform|misshape|disfigure|mangle|wrench|wring|wrest|twisted|warped|contorted|bent|buckled|deformed|malformed|misshapen|disfigured|crooked|irregular|awry|wry|out of shape|mangled|wrenched|gnarled

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘twist to one side’): from Latin distort- ‘twisted apart’, from the verb distorquere, from dis- ‘apart’ + torquere ‘to twist’.


word: DISTORTED
russian_word: искаженный
example: his report gives a distorted view of the meeting|distorted guitars
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstɔːtɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɔːtɪd
definition:
pulled or twisted out of shape; contorted.|giving a misleading or false account or impression; misrepresented.|affected by electrical distortion.


word: DISTORTION
russian_word: искажение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈstɔːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈstɔːʃ(ə)n
example:
the virus causes distortion of the leaves|we're fed up with the media's continuing distortion of our issues

definition:
the action of distorting or the state of being distorted.|the action of giving a misleading account or impression.|change in the form of an electrical signal or sound wave during processing.

synonyms:
warp|twist|contortion|bend|buckle|deformation|deformity|curve|curvature|malformation|disfigurement|crookedness|gnarl|knot


word: DISTRACT
russian_word: отвлекать
example: don't allow noise to distract you from your work
definition: prevent (someone) from concentrating on something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstrakt
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrakt
synonyms:
divert|deflect|sidetrack|turn aside/away|draw away|disturb|put off|cause to lose concentration|disturbing|unsettling|intrusive|disconcerting|bothersome|confusing|off-putting

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘pull in different directions’): from Latin distract- ‘drawn apart’, from the verb distrahere, from dis- ‘apart’ + trahere ‘to draw, drag’.


word: DISTRACTED
russian_word: отвлекаться
example: Charlotte seemed too distracted to give him much attention
definition: unable to concentrate because one is preoccupied by something worrying or unpleasant.
antonyms: attentive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstraktɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈstraktɪd
synonyms:
preoccupied|diverted|inattentive|vague|absorbed|engrossed|abstracted|distrait|distant|absent|absent-minded|faraway|bemused|confused|bewildered|perplexed|puzzled|agitated|flustered|ruffled|disconcerted|discomposed|nonplussed|befuddled|mystified|troubled|pestered|harassed|worried|tormented|miles away|in a world of one's own|not with it|fazed|hassled|in a flap


word: DISTRACTION
russian_word: отвлечение
definition: a thing that prevents someone from concentrating on something else.|extreme agitation of the mind.
synonyms: diversion|interruption|disturbance|intrusion|interference|obstruction|hindrance
origin: late Middle English: from Latin distractio(n- ), from the verb distrahere (see distract).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈstrakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrakʃ(ə)n
example:
the firm found passenger travel a distraction from the main business of moving freight|her uncharacteristic air of distraction


word: DISTRAIN
russian_word: накладывать арест на имущество в обеспечение долга
example: legislation has restricted the right to distrain goods found upon the premises
definition: seize (someone's property) in order to obtain payment of rent or other money owed.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstreɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈstreɪn
origin:
Middle English: from Old French destreindre, from Latin distringere ‘stretch apart’, from dis- ‘apart’ + stringere ‘tighten’.


word: DISTRAIT
russian_word: рассеянный
example: he seemed oddly distrait
definition: distracted or absent-minded.
antonyms: alert|concentrating
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstreɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈstreɪ|ˈdɪstreɪ
synonyms:
distracted|preoccupied|absorbed|engrossed|abstracted|distant|faraway|absent-minded|absent|forgetful|vague|inattentive|oblivious|heedless|in a brown study|wool-gathering|with one's head in the clouds|in a world of one's own|scatterbrained|miles away

origin:
mid 18th century: French, from Old French destrait, past participle of destraire ‘distract’, from Latin distrahere ‘pull apart’ (see distract).


word: DISTRAUGHT
russian_word: обезумевший
example: distraught parents looking for a runaway teenager
definition: very worried and upset.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstrɔːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrɔːt
synonyms:
worried|upset|distressed|fraught|devastated|shattered|overcome|overwrought|beside oneself|out of one's mind|desperate|at one's wits' end|hysterical|frenzied|raving|deranged|in a state|worked up|swivel-eyed|verklempt

origin:
late Middle English: alteration of the obsolete adjective distract (from Latin distractus ‘pulled apart’), influenced by straught, archaic past participle of stretch.


word: DISTRESS
russian_word: дистресс
example: to his distress he saw that she was trembling
definition: extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain.|another term for distraint.
antonyms: happiness|comfort
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈstrɛs
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrɛs
synonyms:
anguish|suffering|pain|agony|ache|affliction|torment|torture|discomfort|heartache|heartbreak|misery|wretchedness|sorrow|grief|woe|sadness|unhappiness|desolation|despair|trouble|worry|anxiety|perturbation|uneasiness|disquiet|angst

origin:
Middle English: from Old French destresce (noun), destrecier (verb), based on Latin distringere ‘stretch apart’.


word: DISTRIBUTE
russian_word: распространять
antonyms: collect
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstrɪbjuːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrɪbjuːt|ˈdɪstrɪbjuːt
example:
information leaflets are being distributed to hotels|the birds are mainly distributed in marshes and river valleys|the middle term must be distributed, at least once, in the premises

definition:
give a share or a unit of (something) to each of a number of recipients.|occur throughout an area.|use (a term) to include every individual of the class to which it refers.

synonyms:
give out|deal out|hand out/round|issue|dispense|administer|pass round|dole out|dispose of|allocate|allot|apportion|assign|share out|divide out/up|measure out|mete out|parcel out|ration out|divvy up|dish out|circulate|hand out|deliver|convey|transmit

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin distribut- ‘divided up’, from the verb distribuere, from dis- ‘apart’ + tribuere ‘assign’.


word: DISTRIBUTION
russian_word: распределение
antonyms: collection
origin: late Middle English: from Latin distributio(n- ), from the verb distribuere (see distribute).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪstrɪˈbjuːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪstrɪˈbjuːʃ(ə)n
example:
the government released about 74,000 tonnes of rice for distribution among people affected by the cyclone|changes undergone by the area have affected the distribution of its wildlife

definition:
the action of sharing something out among a number of recipients.|the way in which something is shared out among a group or spread over an area.

synonyms:
giving out|dealing out|handing out/round|issue|issuing|issuance|dispensation|administering|administration|passing round|doling out|allocation|allotment|apportioning|apportionment|assigning|assignment|sharing out|dividing up/out|division|measuring out|meting out|parcelling out|rationing out


word: DISTRIBUTIVE
russian_word: распределительный
example: transport and distributive industries
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈstrɪbjʊtɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrɪbjʊtɪv
definition:
concerned with the supply of goods to retailers.|(of a determiner or pronoun) referring to each individual of a class, not to the class collectively, e.g. each, either.|(of an operation) fulfilling the condition that, when it is performed on two or more quantities already combined by another operation, the result is the same as when it is performed on each quantity individually and the products then combined.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French distributif, -ive or late Latin distributivus, from Latin distribut- ‘divided up’, from the verb distribuere (see distribute).


word: DISTRICT
russian_word: район
example: a coal-mining district
definition: an area of a country or city, especially one characterized by a particular feature or activity.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɪstrɪkt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪstrɪkt
synonyms:
neighbourhood|area|region|place|locality|locale|community|quarter|sector|vicinity|zone|territory|block|part|spot|patch|domain|administrative division|ward|parish|constituency|department|neck of the woods|manor|turf

origin:
early 17th century (denoting the territory under the jurisdiction of a feudal lord): from French, from medieval Latin districtus ‘(territory of) jurisdiction’, from Latin distringere ‘draw apart’.


word: DISTRUST
russian_word: недоверие
example: the public's distrust of politicians
definition: the feeling that someone or something cannot be relied upon.
antonyms: trust
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈtrʌst
phonetics_text: dɪsˈtrʌst
synonyms:
mistrust|suspicion|wariness|chariness|lack of trust|lack of confidence|lack of faith|scepticism|doubt|doubtfulness|dubiety|cynicism|misgivings|questioning|qualms|disbelief|unbelief|incredulity|incredulousness|discredit|leeriness


word: DISTRUSTFUL
russian_word: недоверчивый
example: I have grown up to be distrustful of men
definition: feeling or showing distrust of someone or something.
antonyms: trusting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈtrʌstfʊl
phonetics_text: dɪsˈtrʌstfʊl|dɪsˈtrʌstf(ə)l
synonyms:
mistrustful|suspicious|chary|apprehensive|lacking trust|lacking confidence|lacking faith|sceptical|unsure|doubtful|dubious|cynical|cautious|circumspect|careful|wary|uneasy|questioning|disbelieving|unbelieving|incredulous|leery|cagey


word: DISTURB
russian_word: беспокоить
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstəːb
phonetics_text: dɪˈstəːb
example:
take the rollers out carefully so as not to disturb the curls too much|I'll see my patient now and we are not to be disturbed|I am disturbed by the document I have just read

definition:
interfere with the normal arrangement or functioning of.|interrupt the sleep, relaxation, or privacy of.|make (someone) anxious.

synonyms:
disarrange|muddle|rearrange|disorganize|disorder|mix up|interfere with|confuse|throw into disorder/confusion|derange|get into a tangle|unsettle|convulse|turn upside down|make a mess of

origin:
Middle English: from Old French destourber, from Latin disturbare, from dis- ‘utterly’ + turbare ‘disturb’ (from turba ‘tumult’).


word: DISTURBANCE
russian_word: нарушение
antonyms: stability
origin: Middle English: from Old French destourbance, from destourber (see disturb).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈstəːb(ə)ns
phonetics_text: dɪˈstəːb(ə)ns
example:
a helicopter landing can cause disturbance to residents|children with learning difficulty and personality disturbance

definition:
the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition.|a state in which normal mental or physical functioning is disrupted.

synonyms:
disruption|distraction|interference|bother|trouble|inconvenience|upset|annoyance|irritation|interruption|intrusion|harassment|molestation|hassle


word: DISTURBED
russian_word: нарушенный
example: disturbed sleep|the treatment of disturbed children
antonyms: undisturbed
synonyms: disrupted|interrupted|fitful|disconnected|discontinuous|intermittent|fragmentary|broken
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstəːbd
phonetics_text: dɪˈstəːbd
definition:
having had the normal pattern or functioning disrupted.|having or resulting from emotional and mental problems.


word: DISULFIRAM
russian_word: дисульфирам
origin: 1940s: blend of disulfide (see disulphide) and thiuram (from thio- + urea + amide).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈsʌlfɪram
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈsʌlfɪram
definition:
a synthetic compound used in the treatment of alcoholics to make drinking alcohol produce unpleasant after-effects.


word: DISUNITY
russian_word: разобщенность
example: the disunity among opposition parties
definition: disagreement and conflict within a group.
antonyms: unity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈjuːnɪti
phonetics_text: dɪsˈjuːnɪti
synonyms:
disagreement|dissent|dissension|argument|arguing|quarrelling|difference of opinion|feuding|conflict|strife|friction|discord|division|disharmony|acrimony|disaffection|disaccord|discordance


word: DISUSE
russian_word: неиспользование
example: his voice was croaky with disuse
definition: the state of not being used.
antonyms: use|employment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈjuːs
phonetics_text: dɪsˈjuːs
synonyms:
non-use|non-employment|lack of use|neglect|abandonment|desertion|cessation|discontinuance|obsolescence|desuetude


word: DISUSED
russian_word: вышедший из употребления
example: they held an exhibition in a disused warehouse
definition: no longer being used.
antonyms: in use
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈjuːzd
phonetics_text: dɪsˈjuːzd
synonyms:
unused|no longer in use|fallen into disuse|unemployed|idle|neglected|abandoned|deserted|vacated|evacuated|unoccupied|uninhabited|empty|discontinued|obsolete|defunct|superannuated|moribund


word: DISUTILITY
russian_word: бесполезность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsjuːˈtɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsjuːˈtɪlɪti
definition:
the adverse or harmful effects associated with a particular activity or process, especially when carried out over a long period.


word: DITCH
russian_word: ров
example: their car went out of control and plunged into a ditch
definition: a narrow channel dug at the side of a road or field, to hold or carry away water.
synonyms: trench|trough|channel|dyke|drain|gutter|gully|moat|duct|watercourse|conduit|ha-ha|fosse|sap|fleet
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪtʃ
phonetics_text: dɪtʃ
origin:
Old English dīc, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dijk ‘ditch, dyke’ and German Teich ‘pond, pool’, also to dyke1.


word: DITHER
russian_word: смятение
example: I can't bear people who dither
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈdɪðə
phonetics_text: ˈdɪðə
definition:
be indecisive.|add white noise to (a digital recording) to reduce distortion of low-amplitude signals.

synonyms:
hesitate|falter|waver|teeter|vacillate|oscillate|fluctuate|change one's mind|be in two minds|be ambivalent|be indecisive|be unsure|be undecided|procrastinate|hang back|delay|stall|temporize|drag one's feet|dawdle|dally|hum and haw|haver|swither|shilly-shally|dilly-dally|blow hot and cold|pussyfoot around|sit on the fence

origin:
mid 17th century (in the dialect sense ‘tremble, quiver’): variant of dialect didder ; related to dodder1.


word: DITTANY
russian_word: ясенец белый
definition: any of a number of aromatic herbaceous or shrubby plants.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪtəni
phonetics_text: ˈdɪtəni
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French ditain or medieval Latin ditaneum, from Latin dictamnus, dictamnum, from Greek diktamnon, perhaps from Diktē, the name of a mountain in Crete.


word: DIURETIC
russian_word: диуретик
definition: (chiefly of drugs) causing increased passing of urine.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪjʊ(ə)ˈrɛtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪjʊ(ə)ˈrɛtɪk
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French diuretique, or via late Latin from Greek diourētikos, from diourein ‘urinate’, from dia ‘through’ + ouron ‘urine’.


word: DIURNAL
russian_word: суточный
example: diurnal rhythms
definition: of or during the day.|daily; of each day.
synonyms: active during the day|non-nocturnal|daytime
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈəːn(ə)l
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈəːn(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (as a term in astronomy): from late Latin diurnalis, from Latin diurnus ‘daily’, from dies ‘day’.


word: DIVAN
russian_word: диван
synonyms: day bed|sofa bed|settee|sofa|couch|put-you-up|davenport|studio couch
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈvan
phonetics_text: dɪˈvan|dʌɪˈvan|ˈdʌɪvan
definition:
a bed consisting of a base and mattress but no footboard or headboard.|a long, low sofa without a back or arms.|a legislative body, council chamber, or court of justice in the Ottoman Empire or elsewhere in the Middle East.

origin:
late 16th century (in divan (sense 3 of the noun)): via French or Italian from Turkish dīvān, from Persian dīwān ‘anthology, register, court, or bench’; compare with diwan. As a piece of furniture, a divan was originally (early 18th century) a low bench or raised section of floor against an interior wall, used as a long seat and common in Middle Eastern countries; European imitation of this led to the sense ‘low flat sofa or bed’ (late 19th century).


word: DIVE
russian_word: погружение
synonyms: plunge|plummet|nosedive|descend|jump|fall|drop|swoop|pitch|bellyflop
origin: Old English dūfan ‘dive, sink’ and dȳfan ‘immerse’, of Germanic origin; related to deep and dip.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dʌɪv
phonetics_text: dʌɪv
example:
she walked to the deep end, then she dived in|the plane dived as it was buffeted by turbulence at 34,000 ft

definition:
plunge head first into water with one's arms raised over one's head.|(of an aircraft or bird) plunge steeply downwards through the air.


word: DIVERGE
russian_word: расходиться
example: the flight path diverged from the original flight plan
antonyms: converge
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːdʒ
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːdʒ|dɪˈvəːdʒ
definition:
(of a road, route, or line) separate from another route and go in a different direction.|(of a series) increase indefinitely as more of its terms are added.

synonyms:
separate|part|disunite|fork|branch off|divide|subdivide|split|go in different directions|go separate ways|bifurcate|divaricate|ramify

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin divergere, from Latin dis- ‘in two ways’ + vergere ‘to turn or incline’.


word: DIVERGENCE
russian_word: расхождение
example: the divergence between primates and other groups
synonyms: separation|dividing|parting|forking|branching|fork|division|bifurcation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːdʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːdʒ(ə)ns
definition:
the process or state of diverging.|the scalar product of the operator del and a given vector, which gives a measure of the quantity of flux emanating from any point of the vector field or the rate of loss of mass, heat, etc., from it.


word: DIVERGENT
russian_word: расходящийся
example: divergent interpretations
antonyms: similar
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːdʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːdʒ(ə)nt|dɪˈvəːdʒ(ə)nt
definition:
tending to be different or develop in different directions.|(of a series) increasing indefinitely as more of its terms are added.

synonyms:
differing|varying|different|dissimilar|unlike|unalike|disparate|contrasting|contrastive|antithetical|opposed|disagreeing|conflicting|clashing|incompatible|contradictory|at odds|at variance|in opposition


word: DIVERS
russian_word: различный
example: in divers places
definition: of varying types; several.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌɪvəz
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪvəz
synonyms:
several|many|numerous|a number of|multiple|manifold|multifarious|multitudinous|sundry|miscellaneous|assorted|various|a variety of|varying|different|a mixed bag of|myriad|legion

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin diversus ‘diverse’, from divertere ‘turn in separate ways’ (see divert).


word: DIVERSE
russian_word: разнообразный
antonyms: similar|uniform
origin: Middle English: variant of divers.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːs
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːs|ˈdʌɪvəːs
example:
subjects as diverse as architecture, language teaching, and the physical sciences|our company is an equal opportunity employer committed to hiring a diverse workforce

definition:
showing a great deal of variety; very different.|including or involving people from a range of different social and ethnic backgrounds and of different genders, sexual orientations, etc.

synonyms:
various|many and various|sundry|manifold|multiple|varied|varying|miscellaneous|assorted|mixed|diversified|divergent|variegated|heterogeneous|different|differing|distinct|unlike|dissimilar|distinctive|contrasting|conflicting|a mixed bag of|divers|myriad|legion|contrastive


word: DIVERSIFY
russian_word: диверсифицировать
example: the trilobites diversified into a great number of species
definition: make or become more diverse or varied.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːsɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːsɪfʌɪ|dɪˈvəːsɪfʌɪ
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘show diversity’): via Old French from medieval Latin diversificare ‘make dissimilar’, from Latin diversus, past participle of divertere (see divert).


word: DIVERSION
russian_word: отвлечение
example: the diversion of resources from defence to civil research|our chief diversion was reading
synonyms: rerouting|redirection|turning aside|deflection|digression|deviation|divergence
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin diversio(n- ), from Latin divertere ‘turn aside’ (see divert).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːʃ(ə)n|dɪˈvəːʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of turning something aside from its course.|an activity that diverts the mind from tedious or serious concerns; a recreation or pastime.


word: DIVERSIONARY
russian_word: диверсионный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvəːʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈvəːʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
example:
her comments are easy to dismiss as a diversionary tactic|the challenge of lowering the lake isn't just technical—diversionary tunnels could drain it

definition:
intended to distract attention from something more important.|having the effect of turning something aside from its course.


word: DIVERSITY
russian_word: разнообразие
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːsɪti
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːsɪti|dɪˈvəːsɪti
example:
there was considerable diversity in the style of the reports|equality and diversity should be supported for their own sake

definition:
the state of being diverse; variety.|the practice or quality of including or involving people from a range of different social and ethnic backgrounds and of different genders, sexual orientations, etc.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French diversite, from Latin diversitas, from diversus ‘diverse’, past participle of divertere ‘turn aside’ (see divert).


word: DIVERT
russian_word: отвлекать
antonyms: focus
synonyms: reroute|redirect|change the course of|draw away|turn aside|head off|deflect|avert|transfer|channel
origin: late Middle English: via French from Latin divertere, from di- ‘aside’ + vertere ‘to turn’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈvəːt
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvəːt|dɪˈvəːt
example:
a scheme to divert water from the river to irrigate agricultural land|public relations policies are sometimes intended to divert attention away from criticism

definition:
cause (someone or something) to change course or turn from one direction to another.|draw (the attention) of someone from something.


word: DIVERTICULITIS
russian_word: дивертикулит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪvətɪkjʊˈlʌɪtɪs
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪvətɪkjʊˈlʌɪtɪs
definition:
inflammation of a diverticulum, especially in the colon, causing pain and disturbance of bowel function.


word: DIVERTICULUM
russian_word: дивертикул
definition: a blind tube leading from a cavity or passage.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪvəˈtɪkjʊləm
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪvəˈtɪkjʊləm
origin:
early 19th century: from medieval Latin, variant of Latin deverticulum ‘byway’, from devertere ‘turn down or aside’.


word: DIVERTING
russian_word: отвлекая
example: fans of these actors will find this book a diverting read
definition: entertaining or amusing.
antonyms: boring
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvəːtɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈvəːtɪŋ|dʌɪˈvəːtɪŋ
synonyms:
entertaining|amusing|fun|enjoyable|pleasurable|pleasing|pleasant|agreeable|delightful|appealing|beguiling|captivating|engaging|interesting|fascinating|intriguing|absorbing|riveting|compelling|humorous|funny|chucklesome|witty|droll|comical|hilarious


word: DIVEST
russian_word: лишать
example: men are unlikely to be divested of power without a struggle
definition: deprive someone of (power, rights, or possessions).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈvɛst
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvɛst|dɪˈvɛst
synonyms:
deprive|strip|dispossess|relieve|rob|cheat out of|trick out of|do out of|diddle out of|despoil|reave

origin:
early 17th century: alteration of devest, from Old French desvestir, from des- (expressing removal) + Latin vestire (from vestis ‘garment’).


word: DIVIDE
russian_word: делить
antonyms: unify|join|converge|combine
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈvʌɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈvʌɪd
example:
consumer magazines can be divided into a number of categories|the question had divided Frenchmen since the Revolution|36 divided by 2 equals 18

definition:
separate or be separated into parts.|disagree or cause to disagree.|find how many times (a number) contains another.

synonyms:
split|cut up|cleave|carve up|slice up|chop up|split up|dissect|bisect|halve|quarter|sunder|rive|fractionate|disjoin|diverge|separate|part|branch|branch off|fork|split in two|go in different directions|go separate ways|divaricate|bifurcate|furcate|ramify|classify|sort|sort out|categorize|order|group|pigeonhole|grade|rank|organize|arrange|dispose|segregate|partition

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): from Latin dividere ‘force apart, remove’. The noun dates from the mid 17th century.


word: DIVIDEND
russian_word: дивиденд
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪvɪdɛnd
phonetics_text: ˈdɪvɪdɛnd
definition:
a sum of money paid regularly (typically annually) by a company to its shareholders out of its profits (or reserves).|a number to be divided by another number.

origin:
late 15th century (in the general sense ‘portion, share’): from Anglo-Norman French dividende, from Latin dividendum ‘something to be divided’, from the verb dividere (see divide).


word: DIVINATION
russian_word: гадание
example: the Celtic art of divination
definition: the practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin divinatio(n- ), from divinare ‘predict’ (see divine2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
fortune telling|divining|foretelling the future|forecasting the future|prophecy|prediction|soothsaying|augury|clairvoyance|second sight|magic|sorcery|witchcraft|spellworking|vaticination|sortilege|auspication|witchery


word: DIVINE
russian_word: божественный
example: heroes with divine powers|he had the most divine smile
definition: of or like God or a god.|very pleasing; delightful.
antonyms: mortal
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈvʌɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈvʌɪn
synonyms:
godly|godlike|angelic|seraphic|saintly|beatific|spiritual|heavenly|celestial|holy|empyrean|deiform|deific

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin divinus, from divus ‘godlike’ (related to deus ‘god’).


word: DIVING
russian_word: дайвинг
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌɪvɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪvɪŋ
definition:
the sport or activity of swimming or exploring under water.|the sport or activity of diving into water from a diving board.


word: DIVING SUIT
russian_word: скафандр
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a watertight suit, typically with a helmet and an air supply, worn for working or exploring deep under water.


word: DIVINITY
russian_word: божественность
example: Christ's divinity|a doctor of divinity
definition: the state or quality of being divine.|the study of religion; theology.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈvɪnɪti
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɪnɪti
synonyms:
divine nature|divineness|godliness|deity|godhead|holiness|sanctity|sanctitude|sacredness|blessedness

origin:
Middle English: from Old French divinite, from Latin divinitas, from divinus ‘belonging to a deity’ (see divine1).


word: DIVISION
russian_word: деление
antonyms: unity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n
example:
the division of the land into small fields|a growing sense of division between north and south|no multiplication or division is necessary|the main divisions of the book|the villagers lived in a communal building and there were no solid divisions between neighbours

definition:
the action of separating something into parts or the process of being separated.|difference or disagreement between two or more groups, typically producing tension.|the process of dividing one number by another.|each of the parts into which something is divided.|a partition.

synonyms:
dividing|dividing up|breaking up|break-up|cutting up|carving up|severance|splitting|dissection|bisection|cleaving|partitioning|separation|segregation|disconnection|detachment

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French devisiun, from Latin divisio(n- ), from the verb dividere (see divide).


word: DIVISIVE
russian_word: разделяющий
example: the highly divisive issue of abortion
definition: tending to cause disagreement or hostility between people.
antonyms: unifying
synonyms: alienating|estranging|isolating|schismatic|discordant|disharmonious|inharmonious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvʌɪsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈvʌɪsɪv
origin:
mid 16th century (as a noun denoting something that divides or separates): from late Latin divisivus, from Latin dividere (see divide).


word: DIVORCE
russian_word: развод
example: her divorce from her first husband
definition: the legal dissolution of a marriage by a court or other competent body.
antonyms: marriage
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈvɔːs
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɔːs
synonyms:
dissolution|annulment|official separation|judicial separation|separation|disunion|break-up|split|split-up|severance|rupture|breach|parting|khula|talaq

origin:
late Middle English: the noun from Old French divorce, from Latin divortium, based on divertere (see divert); the verb from Old French divorcer, from late Latin divortiare, from divortium .


word: DIVULGE
russian_word: разглашать
example: I do not want to divulge my plans at the moment
definition: make known (private or sensitive information).
antonyms: conceal
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈvʌldʒ
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈvʌldʒ|dɪˈvʌldʒ
synonyms:
disclose|reveal|make known|tell|impart|communicate|pass on|publish|broadcast|proclaim|promulgate|declare|expose|uncover|make public|go public with|bring into the open|give away|let slip|let drop|blurt out|leak|confess|betray|admit|come out with|spill the beans about|let on about|tell all about|blow the lid off|squeal about|blow the gaff on|discover|unbosom

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘announce publicly’): from Latin divulgare, from di- ‘widely’ + vulgare ‘publish’ (from vulgus ‘common people’).


word: DIWAN
russian_word: Диван
origin: Urdu, from Persian dīwān ‘fiscal register’; compare with divan.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈwɑːn
phonetics_text: dɪˈwɑːn
definition:
(in Islamic societies) a central finance department, chief administrative office, or regional governing body.|a chief treasury official, finance minister, or prime minister in some Indian states.


word: DIZZY
russian_word: головокружительный
example: Jonathan had begun to suffer dizzy spells
definition: having or involving a sensation of spinning around and losing one's balance.
antonyms: clear-headed
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: ˈdɪzi
phonetics_text: ˈdɪzi
synonyms:
giddy|light-headed|faint|weak|weak at the knees|unsteady|shaky|wobbly|off-balance|reeling|staggering|tottering|teetering|woozy|with legs like jelly|with rubbery legs|vertiginous|dazed|confused|muddled|befuddled|bewildered|disoriented|disorientated|stupefied|groggy|muzzy|dopey|woolly|woolly-headed|not with it|discombobulated

origin:
Old English dysig  ‘foolish’, of West Germanic origin; related to Low German dusig, dösig ‘giddy’ and Old High German tusic ‘foolish, weak’.


word: DO
russian_word: делать
part_of_speech: verb|verb|noun
phonetic: duː
phonetics_text: duː
example:
very little work has been done in this field|I never really got the chance to finish school or do my exams|they are free to do as they please|if he's anything like you, he'll do|one day I'll do him

definition:
perform (an action, the precise nature of which is often unspecified).|achieve or complete.|act or behave in a specified way.|be suitable or acceptable.|beat up or kill.

synonyms:
carry out|undertake|discharge|execute|perpetrate|perform|accomplish|implement|achieve|complete|finish|conclude|bring about|engineer|effect|realize|pull off|effectuate

origin:
Old English dōn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doen and German tun, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tithēmi ‘I place’ and Latin facere ‘make, do’.


word: DO AWAY WITH
russian_word: разделываться
example: some airlines have done away with reclining seats
definition: remove or put an end to something.
antonyms: uphold
synonyms:
abolish|quash|get rid of|discard|remove|eliminate|discontinue|cancel|stop|end|terminate|put an end to|put a stop to|call a halt to|dispense with|drop|abandon|give up|bin|scrap|ditch|dump|axe|cut out|pack in|get shut of|pull the plug on|knock something on the head|give something the chop|get shot of


word: DOBBY
russian_word: Добби
example: dobby loom
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒbi
phonetics_text: ˈdɒbi
definition:
a mechanism attached to a loom for weaving small patterns similar to but simpler than those produced by a Jacquard loom.

origin:
late 19th century: perhaps an application of the given name Dobbie, from Dob (alteration of the given name Rob ). The usage is probably an extension of the earlier sense ‘benevolent elf’ (who performed household tasks secretly).


word: DOCILE
russian_word: послушный
example: a cheap and docile workforce
definition: ready to accept control or instruction; submissive.
antonyms: disobedient|wilful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdəʊsʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊsʌɪl
synonyms:
compliant|obedient|pliant|dutiful|willing|passive|submissive|deferential|tame|meek|mild|lamblike|unassertive|unresisting|yielding|cooperative|amenable|accommodating|biddable|persuadable|ductile|manageable|controllable|tractable|malleable|manipulable|easily manipulated|easily handled|like putty in one's hands|milky|persuasible

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘apt or willing to learn’): from Latin docilis, from docere ‘teach’.


word: DOCK
russian_word: док
example: the boat nosed up to a dock
origin: late Middle English: from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German docke, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɒk
phonetics_text: dɒk
definition:
an enclosed area of water in a port for the loading, unloading, and repair of ships.|a device in which a laptop, smartphone, or other mobile device may be placed for charging, providing access to a power supply and to peripheral devices or auxiliary features; a docking station.

synonyms:
harbour|marina|waterfront|port|anchorage|wharf|quay|pier|jetty|landing stage|dockyard|boatyard|hithe|moorage|harbourage


word: DOCKET
russian_word: выписка
example: one new case on the docket from Florida
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɒkɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɒkɪt
definition:
a document or label listing the contents of a consignment or package.|a list of cases for trial or people having cases pending.

synonyms:
document|chit|coupon|voucher|certificate|counterfoil|bill|receipt|sales slip|proof of purchase|label|tag|ticket|tab|documentation|paperwork|chitty|acquittance

origin:
late 15th century: perhaps from dock2. The word originally denoted a short summary or abstract; hence, in the early 18th century, ‘a document giving particulars of a consignment’.


word: DOCTOR
russian_word: врач
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɒktə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒktə
example:
Doctor Thornhill|he was made a Doctor of Divinity|the Perth doctor blows towards evening off the Indian Ocean

definition:
a person who is qualified to treat people who are ill.|a person who holds the highest university degree.|an artificial fishing fly.|a cool onshore breeze that blows regularly in a particular warm location.

synonyms:
physician|medical practitioner|medical man|medical woman|clinician|doctor of medicine|MD|surgeon|doc|medic|medico|quack|leech|sawbones

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘learned person’ and ‘Doctor of the Church’): via Old French from Latin doctor ‘teacher’ (from docere ‘teach’).


word: DOCTORING
russian_word: врачевание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒkt(ə)rɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdɒkt(ə)rɪŋ
example:
the doctoring was discovered after the newspaper noticed that several civilians appeared twice in the altered photo|he contemplated giving up doctoring

definition:
the action of changing the content or appearance of a document or picture in order to deceive; falsification.|the occupation, profession, or work of a doctor.


word: DOCTRINAIRE
russian_word: доктринер
example: the administration's doctrinaire economic policy
definition: seeking to impose a doctrine in all circumstances without regard to practical considerations.
antonyms: liberal|flexible
origin: early 19th century: from French, from doctrine (see doctrine).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌdɒktrɪˈnɛː
phonetics_text: ˌdɒktrɪˈnɛː
synonyms:
dogmatic|rigid|inflexible|uncompromising|unyielding|holding fixed views|adamant|insistent|pontifical|authoritarian|domineering|opinionated|intolerant|biased|prejudiced|fanatical|zealous|extreme|swivel-eyed


word: DOCTRINE
russian_word: доктрина
example: the doctrine of predestination
definition: a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, political party, or other group.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒktrɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdɒktrɪn
synonyms:
creed|credo|dogma|belief|set of beliefs|code of belief|conviction|teaching|tenet|maxim|article of faith|canon|principle|precept|notion|idea|ideology|theory|thesis

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin doctrina ‘teaching, learning’, from doctor ‘teacher’, from docere ‘teach’.


word: DOCUMENT
russian_word: документ
part_of_speech: noun|verb
definition:
a piece of written, printed, or electronic matter that provides information or evidence or that serves as an official record.

synonyms:
official paper|legal paper|paper|form|certificate|deed|charter|contract|legal agreement|record|report|instrument|indenture|acquittance|paperwork|documentation|treeware

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin documentum ‘lesson, proof’ (in medieval Latin ‘written instruction, official paper’), from docere ‘teach’.


word: DOCUMENTARIAN
russian_word: документалист
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɒkjʊmɛnˈtɛːrɪən
phonetics_text: ˌdɒkjʊmɛnˈtɛːrɪən
definition:
a photographer specializing in producing a factual record.|an expert analyst of historical documents.


word: DOCUMENTARY
russian_word: документальный
antonyms: fictional
origin: early 19th century: from document + -ary1.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɒkjʊˈmɛnt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɒkjʊˈmɛnt(ə)ri
example:
documentary evidence of regular payments from the company|a documentary programme about Manchester United

definition:
consisting of or based on official documents.|using pictures or interviews with people involved in real events to provide a factual report on a particular subject.

synonyms:
recorded|documented|registered|written|chronicled|archived|archive|on record|in writing|on paper|tabulated|charted


word: DODDER
russian_word: повилика
example: an elderly couple gave us a concerned glance as they doddered past
definition: move in a feeble or unsteady way, especially because of old age.
antonyms: sprightly
origin: early 17th century: variant of obsolete dialect dadder ; related to dither.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɒdə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒdə
synonyms:
totter|teeter|toddle|hobble|shuffle|shamble|falter|walk haltingly|walk with difficulty|move falteringly|stumble|stagger|sway|lurch|reel|wobble|shake|tremble|quiver|hirple|doddle|tottering|tottery|teetering|doddery|staggering|shuffling|shambling|faltering|shaking|shaky|unsteady|wobbly|wobbling|trembling|trembly|quivering|feeble|frail|weak|weakly|infirm|decrepit|aged|old|elderly|long in the tooth|in one's dotage|senile


word: DODDERY
russian_word: трясущийся
example: he's a bit doddery on his legs and doesn't get about much
definition: slow and unsteady in movement because of weakness in old age.
antonyms: sprightly
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɒd(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdɒd(ə)ri
synonyms:
tottering|tottery|teetering|doddering|staggering|shuffling|shambling|faltering|shaking|shaky|unsteady|wobbly|wobbling|trembling|trembly|quivering|feeble|frail|weak|weakly|infirm|decrepit|aged|old|elderly|long in the tooth|in one's dotage|senile


word: DODECAHEDRON
russian_word: додекаэдр
origin: late 16th century: from Greek dōdekaedron, neuter (used as a noun) of dōdekaedros ‘twelve-faced’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdəʊdɛkəˈhiːdr(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdəʊdɛkəˈhiːdr(ə)n
definition:
a three-dimensional shape having twelve plane faces, in particular a regular solid figure with twelve equal pentagonal faces.


word: DODGE
russian_word: увернуться
origin: mid 16th century (in the senses ‘dither’ and ‘haggle’): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɒdʒ
phonetics_text: dɒdʒ
example:
marchers had to dodge missiles thrown by loyalists|he dodged and burned the photograph to get the exact exposure levels he was after

definition:
avoid (someone or something) by a sudden quick movement.|expose (one area of a print) less than the rest during processing or enlarging.|(of a bell in change-ringing) move one place contrary to the normal sequence, and then back again in the following round.

synonyms:
dart|bolt|duck|dive|swerve|body-swerve|sidestep|veer|lunge|jump|leap|spring|elude|evade|avoid|stay away from|steer clear of|escape|run away from|break away from|lose|leave behind|shake|shake off|fend off|keep at arm's length|give someone a wide berth|keep one's distance from|deceive|trick|cheat|end-run|ditch|give someone the slip


word: DODGEM
russian_word: электрический автомобильчик
example: he wanted to go on the dodgems
origin: 1920s: US proprietary name (as Dodg'em ), from the phrase dodge them .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒdʒ(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈdɒdʒ(ə)m
definition:
a small electrically powered car with rubber bumpers all round, driven in an enclosure at a funfair with the aim of bumping into other such cars.


word: DODGY
russian_word: хитроумный
example: a dodgy second-hand car salesman
definition: dishonest or unreliable.
antonyms: honest|reputable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɒdʒi
phonetics_text: ˈdɒdʒi
synonyms:
dishonest|deceitful|not to be trusted|dubious|double-dealing|treacherous|traitorous|two-faced|unfaithful|duplicitous|dishonourable|unprincipled|unscrupulous|corrupt|underhand|unreliable|undependable|irresponsible|untrustworthy|iffy|shady|shifty|slippery|crooked|bent|shonky


word: DOFF
russian_word: сбрасывать
definition: remove (an item of clothing).
antonyms: don
origin: late Middle English: contraction of do off . Compare with don2.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɒf
phonetics_text: dɒf
synonyms:
take off|remove|raise|lift|touch|tip|divest oneself of|shed|strip off|pull off|peel off|climb out of|slip out of|shrug off|throw off|cast off|fling off|fling aside|discard


word: DO FOR
russian_word: погибать
example:
without that contract we're done for|we got done for conspiracy to cause GBH|Florrie usually did for the Shermans in the mornings

definition:
defeat, ruin, or kill someone or something.|prosecute or convict someone for a crime.|perform household tasks, typically cleaning, for someone.

synonyms:
ruin|destroy|reduce to nothing|spoil|mar|injure|blight|shatter|scotch|mess up|scupper|euchre|bring to naught|kill|cause the death of|take/end the life of|finish off|polish off|do in|knock off|take out|slay|fuck up


word: DOG
russian_word: собака
example: he was interrupted by cries of ‘dirty dog!’
origin: Old English docga, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɒɡ
phonetics_text: dɒɡ
definition:
a domesticated carnivorous mammal that typically has a long snout, an acute sense of smell, non-retractable claws, and a barking, howling, or whining voice.|an unpleasant, contemptible, or wicked man.|used in names of dogfishes, e.g. sandy dog, spur-dog.|a mechanical device for gripping.|feet.|barriers used to keep horses off a particular part of the track.

synonyms:
canine|hound|mongrel|cur|tyke|bitch|pup|puppy|whelp|doggy|pooch|mutt|pupper|doggo|man's best friend|Rover|Fido|mong|bitzer


word: DOGBANE
russian_word: кендырь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡbeɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡbeɪn
definition:
a shrubby North American plant, typically having bell-shaped flowers and reputed to be poisonous to dogs.


word: DOGFISH
russian_word: морская собака
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡfɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡfɪʃ
definition:
a small sand-coloured bottom-dwelling shark with a long tail, common on European coasts.|a small shark that resembles or is related to the dogfish, sometimes caught for food.


word: DOGGED
russian_word: упрямый
example: success required dogged determination
definition: having or showing tenacity and grim persistence.
antonyms: hesitant|half-hearted
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɒɡɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡɪd
synonyms:
tenacious|determined|resolute|resolved|purposeful|persistent|persevering|pertinacious|relentless|intent|dead set|single-minded|focused|dedicated|committed|undeviating|unshakeable|unflagging|indefatigable|untiring|never-tiring|tireless|unfailing|unfaltering|unwavering|unyielding|unbending|immovable|obdurate|strong-willed|firm|steadfast|steady|staunch|stout-hearted|laborious|perseverant|indurate


word: DOGGO
russian_word: притаившись
example: every member teamed up with a cute doggo and learned how to play with and train them
definition: an affectionate term for a dog.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡəʊ
origin:
late 19th century (in the phrase lie doggo ): apparently from dog + -o. Use as a noun dates to the early 20th century.


word: DOGMA
russian_word: догма
example: the dogmas of faith
definition: a principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true.
antonyms: doubt|open-mindedness
origin: mid 16th century: via late Latin from Greek dogma ‘opinion’, from dokein ‘seem good, think’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡmə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡmə
synonyms:
teaching|belief|conviction|tenet|principle|ethic|precept|maxim|article of faith|canon|law|rule|creed|credo|code of belief|set of beliefs|set of principles|doctrine|ideology|orthodoxy|blind faith|unquestioning belief|certainty|invincible conviction|unchallengeable conviction|arrogant conviction


word: DOGMAN
russian_word: собачник
origin: 1940s: from dog (sense 4 of the noun) + man.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡmən
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡmən
definition:
a person giving directional signals to the operator of a crane, typically while sitting on the crane's load.


word: DOGMATIC
russian_word: догматический
example: she was not tempted to be dogmatic about what she believed
definition: inclined to lay down principles as undeniably true.
antonyms: low-key|tentative|open-minded
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɒɡˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: dɒɡˈmatɪk
synonyms:
opinionated|peremptory|assertive|imperative|insistent|emphatic|adamant|doctrinaire|authoritarian|authoritative|domineering|imperious|high-handed|pontifical|arrogant|overbearing|dictatorial|uncompromising|unyielding|unbending|inflexible|rigid|entrenched|unquestionable|unchallengeable|intolerant|narrow-minded|small-minded

origin:
early 17th century (as a noun denoting a philosopher or physician of a school based on a priori assumptions): via late Latin from Greek dogmatikos, from dogma, dogmat- (see dogma).


word: DOGMATICS
russian_word: догматика
example: it is a work of analysis, not of dogmatics
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɒɡˈmatɪks
phonetics_text: dɒɡˈmatɪks
definition:
a system of principles laid down by an authority, especially the Roman Catholic Church, as undeniably true.


word: DOGMATISM
russian_word: догматизм
example: a culture of dogmatism and fanaticism
origin: early 17th century: via French from medieval Latin dogmatismus, from Latin dogma (see dogma).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡmətɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡmətɪz(ə)m
definition:
the tendency to lay down principles as undeniably true, without consideration of evidence or the opinions of others.

synonyms:
opinionatedness|peremptoriness|assertiveness|imperativeness|doctrinairism|authoritarianism|imperiousness|high-handedness|arrogance|dictatorialness|inflexibility|rigidity|entrenchment|intolerance|narrow-mindedness|small-mindedness|bigotry


word: DOGSBODY
russian_word: работяга
example: I got myself a job as typist and general dogsbody on a small magazine
definition: a person who is given menial tasks to do, especially a junior in an office.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡzbɒdi
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡzbɒdi
synonyms:
drudge|menial|menial worker|factotum|man of all work|maid of all work|servant|slave|galley slave|lackey|underling|minion|gofer|running dog|runner|man/girl Friday|skivvy|peon|scullion|servitor


word: DOGWOOD
russian_word: кизил
origin: so named because the wood was formerly used to make ‘dogs’ (i.e. skewers).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒɡwʊd
phonetics_text: ˈdɒɡwʊd
definition:
a shrub or small tree of north temperate regions, which yields hard timber and is grown for its decorative foliage, red stems, or colourful berries.


word: DOH
russian_word: минздрав
definition: (in tonic sol-fa) the first and eighth note of a major scale.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəʊ
phonetics_text: dəʊ
origin:
mid 18th century: from Italian do, an arbitrarily chosen syllable replacing ut, taken from a Latin hymn (see solmization).


word: DOING
russian_word: делать
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈduːɪŋ
example:
the latest doings of television stars|the drawer where he kept the doings|someone had given her a doing

definition:
the activities in which a particular person engages.|used to refer to things when one has forgotten their name or when no one word easily covers them.|a beating or scolding.

synonyms:
performance|performing|carrying out|effecting|execution|implementation|implementing|bringing off|discharge|discharging|achievement|accomplishment|realization|completion|completing|pulling off|acquittal|effectuation|exploit|activity|act|action|undertaking|deed|feat|endeavour|work|venture|enterprise|behaviour|conduct|handiwork|caper


word: DOLDRUMS
russian_word: депрессия
antonyms: happiness|busy|lively
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒldrəmz
phonetics_text: ˈdɒldrəmz
example:
the mortgage market has been in the doldrums for three years|Hurricane Verity had been born in the doldrums

definition:
a state or period of stagnation or depression.|an equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean with calms, sudden storms, and light unpredictable winds.

synonyms:
depression|melancholy|gloom|gloominess|glumness|downheartedness|dejection|despondency|dispiritedness|heavy-heartedness|heartache|unhappiness|sadness|misery|woe|dismalness|despair|pessimism|hopelessness|inertia|apathy|listlessness|malaise|boredom|tedium|ennui|low spirits|blues|blahs|inactive|quiet|slow|slack|sluggish|subdued|stagnant|static|inert|flat|dull

origin:
late 18th century (as doldrum ‘dull, sluggish person’): perhaps from dull, on the pattern of tantrums .


word: DOLE
russian_word: пособие по безработице
example: I was on the dole for three years|death be his dole who worst maintains the strife
definition: benefit paid by the state to the unemployed.|a person's lot or destiny.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dəʊl
phonetics_text: dəʊl
synonyms:
unemployment benefit|state benefit|government benefit|benefit|benefit payments|social security|social security payments|public assistance allowance|allowance|welfare|insurance money|grant|financial assistance|the buroo|the broo

origin:
Old English dāl  ‘division, portion, or share’, of Germanic origin; related to deal1. The sense ‘distribution of charitable gifts’ dates from Middle English; the sense ‘unemployment benefit’ dates from the early 20th century.


word: DOLEFUL
russian_word: печальный
example: a doleful look
definition: expressing sorrow; mournful.
antonyms: cheerful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdəʊlfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊlfʊl|ˈdəʊlf(ə)l
synonyms:
mournful|woeful|sorrowful|sad|unhappy|depressed|dismal|gloomy|morose|melancholy|miserable|forlorn|wretched|woebegone|despondent|dejected|disconsolate|downcast|crestfallen|downhearted|heartbroken|heavy-hearted|despairing|desolate|grief-stricken|tearful|teary|lachrymose|blue|down|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|weepy|dolorous|heartsick|heartsore


word: DOLERITE
russian_word: долерит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒlərʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɒlərʌɪt
definition:
a dark, medium-grained igneous rock, typically with ophitic texture, containing plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine. It typically occurs in dykes and sills.

origin:
mid 19th century: from French dolérite, from Greek doleros ‘deceptive’ (because it is difficult to distinguish from diorite).


word: DOLICHOCEPHALIC
russian_word: долихоцефальный
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek dolikhos ‘long’ + -cephalic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɒlɪkə(ʊ)sɪˈfalɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdɒlɪkə(ʊ)sɪˈfalɪk|ˌdɒlɪkə(ʊ)kɛˈfalɪk
definition:
having a relatively long skull (typically with the breadth less than 80 (or 75) per cent of the length).


word: DOLL
russian_word: кукла
definition: a small model of a human figure, typically one of a baby or girl, used as a child's toy.
synonyms: puppet|marionette|figure|figurine|model|toy|plaything|dolly
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɒl
phonetics_text: dɒl
origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a mistress): pet form of the given name Dorothy . The sense ‘small model of a human figure’ dates from the late 17th century.


word: DOLLOP
russian_word: солидная порция
example: great dollops of cream
definition: a large, shapeless mass of something, especially soft food.
synonyms: blob|glob|lump|clump|ball|mound|gobbet|gob|wodge
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɒləp
phonetics_text: ˈdɒləp
origin:
late 16th century (denoting a clump of grass or weeds in a field): perhaps of Scandinavian origin and related to Norwegian dialect dolp ‘lump’.


word: DOLMA
russian_word: долма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒlmə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒlmə
definition:
a dish consisting of ingredients such as meat and spiced rice wrapped in vine or cabbage leaves, popular in the Balkans, the Caucasus, and the eastern Mediterranean.

origin:
late 19th century: from modern Greek ntolmas or its source, Turkish dolma, from dolmak ‘fill, be filled’.


word: DOLMEN
russian_word: дольмен
origin: mid 19th century: from French, perhaps via Breton from Cornish tolmen ‘hole of a stone’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒlmɛn
phonetics_text: ˈdɒlmɛn
definition:
a megalithic tomb with a large flat stone laid on upright ones, found chiefly in Britain and France.


word: DOLOMITE
russian_word: доломит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒləmʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɒləmʌɪt
definition:
a translucent mineral consisting of a carbonate of calcium and magnesium, usually also containing iron.

origin:
late 18th century: from French, from the name of Dolomieu (1750–1801), the French geologist who discovered it, + -ite1.


word: DOLOROUS
russian_word: печальный
example: a dolorous and repetitive tale of atrocity
definition: feeling or expressing great sorrow or distress.
antonyms: cheerful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɒl(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈdɒl(ə)rəs
synonyms:
mournful|woeful|doleful|sorrowful|sad|unhappy|depressed|dismal|gloomy|morose|melancholy|miserable|forlorn|wretched|woebegone|despondent|dejected|disconsolate|downcast|crestfallen|downhearted|heartbroken|heavy-hearted|despairing|desolate|grief-stricken|tearful|teary|lachrymose|blue|down|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|weepy|heartsick|heartsore

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French doleros, from late Latin dolorosus, from Latin dolor ‘pain, grief’.


word: DOLOUR
russian_word: скорбь
example: they squatted, hunched in their habitual dolour
definition: a state of great sorrow or distress.
antonyms: joy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒlə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒlə
synonyms:
sadness|sorrow|unhappiness|dejection|regret|depression|misery|cheerlessness|downheartedness|despondency|despair|desolation|wretchedness|glumness|gloom|gloominess|heaviness of heart|dolefulness|melancholy|low spirits|mournfulness|woe|broken-heartedness|heartache|grief|down|disconsolateness|disconsolation|dismalness

origin:
Middle English (denoting both physical and mental pain or distress): via Old French from Latin dolor ‘pain, grief’.


word: DOLT
russian_word: болван
definition: a stupid person.
origin: mid 16th century: perhaps a variant of dulled, past participle of dull.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəʊlt
phonetics_text: dəʊlt
synonyms:
fool|nincompoop|clown|simpleton|idiot|ninny|dope|dimwit|chump|goon|dumbo|dummy|halfwit|nitwit|dum-dum|loon|jackass|cretin|imbecile|jerk|nerd|fathead|blockhead|numbskull|dunderhead|dunce|dipstick|bonehead|chucklehead|clod|goop|knucklehead|lamebrain|pea-brain|pudding-head|thickhead|wooden-head|pinhead|airhead|birdbrain|dumb-bell|donkey|stupe|noodle|nit|twit|numpty|clot|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|git|wazzock|divvy|nerk|twerp|charlie|mug|muppet|nyaff|balloon|sumph|gowk|gobdaw|schmuck|bozo|boob|lamer|turkey|schlepper|chowderhead|dumbhead|dumbass|goofball|goof|goofus|galoot|dork|lummox|klutz|putz|schlemiel|sap|meatball|gink|cluck|clunk|ding-dong|dingbat|wiener|weeny|dip|simp|spud|coot|palooka|poop|squarehead|yo-yo|dingleberry|drongo|dill|alec|galah|nong|bogan|poon|boofhead|mompara|tomfool|muttonhead|noddy|clodpole|loggerhead|spoony|mooncalf|knobhead|asshat


word: DOLTISH
russian_word: тупой
example: a doltish character
definition: (of a person) stupid; idiotic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdəʊltɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊltɪʃ
synonyms:
stupid|idiotic|moronic|imbecilic|foolish|ignorant|simple|simple-minded|dense|brainless|mindless|dull-witted|dull|slow-witted|witless|half-witted|dunce-like|slow|cretinous|empty-headed|vacuous|vapid|gullible|naive|thick|dim|dopey|dumb|dozy|birdbrained|pea-brained|pig-ignorant|bovine|slow on the uptake|soft in the head|brain-dead|boneheaded|lamebrained|chuckleheaded|dunderheaded|wooden-headed|fat-headed|muttonheaded|daft|not the full shilling|thick as two short planks|dumb-ass


word: DOMAIN
russian_word: домен
example: the French domains of the Plantagenets
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: də(ʊ)ˈmeɪn
phonetics_text: də(ʊ)ˈmeɪn
definition:
an area of territory owned or controlled by a particular ruler or government.|a distinct subset of the internet with addresses sharing a common suffix or under the control of a particular organization or individual.|a discrete region of magnetism in ferromagnetic material.|the set of possible values of the independent variable or variables of a function.|a distinct region of a complex molecule or structure.

synonyms:
realm|kingdom|empire|dominion|province|estate|territory|land|lands|dominions|state|country|preserve|zone|sphere|area|place|turf|spot|patch|stamping ground|manor

origin:
late Middle English (denoting heritable or landed property): from French domaine, alteration (by association with Latin dominus ‘lord’) of Old French demeine ‘belonging to a lord’ (see demesne).


word: DOME
russian_word: купол
example: the dome of St Paul's Cathedral
synonyms: cupola|vault|rotunda|arched roof|arched ceiling|mound|hemisphere
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəʊm
phonetics_text: dəʊm
definition:
a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure, typically with a circular base.|a thing shaped like a dome.|a stately building.

origin:
early 16th century (in dome (sense 3)): from Latin domus ; other senses are via French dôme, from Italian duomo ‘cathedral, dome’.


word: DOMESDAY
russian_word: страшного суда
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːmzdeɪ
phonetics_text: ˈduːmzdeɪ
definition:
a comprehensive record of the extent, value, ownership, and liabilities of land in England, made in 1086 by order of William I.

origin:
Middle English: an old spelling of doomsday, which was apparently applied because the book was regarded as a final authority.


word: DOMESTIC
russian_word: внутренний
example: domestic chores|Egypt's domestic affairs
antonyms: public
synonyms: family|home|private|household|domiciliary
origin: late Middle English: from French domestique, from Latin domesticus, from domus ‘house’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dəˈmɛstɪk
phonetics_text: dəˈmɛstɪk
definition:
relating to the running of a home or to family relations.|existing or occurring inside a particular country; not foreign or international.


word: DOMESTICALLY
russian_word: внутри страны
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dəˈmɛstɪkli
phonetics_text: dəˈmɛstɪkli
example:
I am becoming a domestically disorganized mess|only a quarter of French locomotives were domestically produced

definition:
in a way that relates to the running of a home or to family relations.|in a way that relates to activities inside a particular country; nationally.


word: DOMESTICATE
russian_word: приручать
example: mammals were first domesticated for their milk
definition: tame (an animal) and keep it as a pet or on a farm.
antonyms: wild
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dəˈmɛstɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: dəˈmɛstɪkeɪt
synonyms:
tame|train|break in|gentle|master|subdue|subjugate|bring to heel|house-train|tamed|pet|domestic|broken-in|house-trained|housebroken

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin domesticat- ‘domesticated’, from the verb domesticare, from Latin domesticus ‘belonging to the house’ (see domestic).


word: DOMESTIC SCIENCE
russian_word: домоводство
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the study of household skills such as cooking or sewing, especially as taught at school; home economics.


word: DOMICILE
russian_word: местожительство
example: his wife has a domicile of origin in Germany
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin domicilium ‘dwelling’, from domus ‘home’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɒmɪsʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdɒmɪsʌɪl|ˈdɒmɪsɪl
definition:
the country that a person treats as their permanent home, or lives in and has a substantial connection with.


word: DOMINANCE
russian_word: господство
example: the worldwide dominance of Hollywood
definition: power and influence over others.
antonyms: subservience|subjugation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒmɪnəns
phonetics_text: ˈdɒmɪnəns
synonyms:
supremacy|superiority|ascendancy|pre-eminence|predominance|domination|dominion|mastery|power|authority|rule|command|control|sway|leverage|influence|puissance|predomination|paramountcy|prepotence|prepotency|prepollency


word: DOMINANT
russian_word: доминирующий
example: they are now in an even more dominant position in the market
definition: having power and influence over others.
antonyms: subservient|submissive
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɒmɪnənt
phonetics_text: ˈdɒmɪnənt
synonyms:
presiding|ruling|governing|controlling|commanding|ascendant|supreme|authoritative|most influential|most powerful|superior|prepotent|prepollent|assertive|self-assured|self-possessed|forceful|domineering|bullish|feisty|not backward in coming forward|pushy|pushful

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin dominant- ‘ruling, governing’, from the verb dominari (see dominate).


word: DOMINATE
russian_word: доминировать
example: the company dominates the market for operating system software
definition: have power and influence over.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɒmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɒmɪneɪt
synonyms:
control|influence|exercise control over|be in control of|command|be in command of|be in charge of|rule|govern|direct|be the boss of|preside over|have ascendancy over|have mastery over|master|have the upper hand over|subjugate|hegemonize|domineer|tyrannize|oppress|bully|intimidate|have the whip hand over|push about|push around|boss (about)|boss (around)|ride roughshod over|trample on|have under one's thumb|head up|call the shots|call the tune|be in the driver's seat|be in the saddle|be at the helm|rule the roost|lay down the law|walk all over|wear the trousers|sway|predominate|prevail|reign|be prevalent|be paramount|be pre-eminent|be most important|be influential|be significant|be of consequence|be of account|count|matter|signify|carry weight|bulk large

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin dominat- ‘ruled, governed’, from the verb dominari, from dominus ‘lord, master’.


word: DOMINATION
russian_word: доминирование
example: the imperial domination of India
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɒmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɒmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the exercise of power or influence over someone or something, or the state of being so controlled.|(in traditional Christian angelology) the fourth-highest order of the ninefold celestial hierarchy.

synonyms:
rule|government|sovereignty|control|command|authority|power|dominion|dominance|mastery|supremacy|superiority|ascendancy|sway|influence|tyranny|intimidation|oppression|suppression|subjugation|dictatorship|the upper hand|the whip hand|the edge|paramountcy|prepotence|prepotency|prepollency

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin dominatio(n- ), from the verb dominari (see dominate).


word: DOMINATRIX
russian_word: вамп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɒmɪˈneɪtrɪks
phonetics_text: ˌdɒmɪˈneɪtrɪks
definition:
a dominating woman, especially one who takes the sadistic role in sadomasochistic sexual activities.

origin:
mid 16th century (rare before the late 20th century): from Latin, feminine of dominator, from dominat- ‘ruled’, from the verb dominari (see dominate).


word: DOMINEER
russian_word: господствовать
example: she doesn't domineer, preferring to lead by inspiration rather than by intimidation
definition: assert one's will over another in an arrogant way.
antonyms: meek
origin: late 16th century: from Dutch dominieren, from French dominer, from Latin dominari (see dominate).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌdɒmɪˈnɪə
phonetics_text: ˌdɒmɪˈnɪə
synonyms:
browbeat|bully|intimidate|pressurize|menace|hector|boss (about)|boss (around)|push about|push around|order about|order around|give orders to|lord it over|tyrannize|terrorize|persecute|oppress|dictate to|be overbearing|ride roughshod over|trample on|have under one's thumb|rule with an iron hand|rule with a rod of iron|use strong-arm tactics on|impose one's will on|bend to one's will|subjugate|bulldoze|walk all over|railroad|lean on|put the screws on|strong-arm|squeeze|overbearing|authoritarian|imperious|high-handed|high and mighty|autocratic|autarchic|officious|peremptory|bossy|arrogant|haughty|masterful|forceful|coercive|bullish|dictatorial|tyrannical|draconian|despotic|controlling|oppressive|subjugating|iron-fisted|iron-handed|strict|harsh|severe|throwing one's weight about|throwing one's weight around|pushful


word: DOMINION
russian_word: владычество
example: man's attempt to establish dominion over nature|the Angevin dominions
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəˈmɪnjən
phonetics_text: dəˈmɪnjən
definition:
sovereignty or control.|the territory of a sovereign or government.|another term for domination (sense 2).

synonyms:
supremacy|ascendancy|dominance|domination|superiority|predominance|pre-eminence|primacy|hegemony|authority|mastery|control|command|direction|power|sway|rule|government|jurisdiction|sovereignty|suzerainty|lordship|overlordship|leadership|influence|the upper hand|the whip hand|the edge|advantage|hold|grasp|empire|predomination|paramountcy|prepotence|prepotency|prepollency

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin dominio(n- ), from Latin dominium, from dominus ‘lord, master’.


word: DON
russian_word: дон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɒn
phonetics_text: dɒn
definition:
a university teacher, especially a senior member of a college at Oxford or Cambridge.|a Spanish title prefixed to a male forename.

synonyms:
university teacher|(university) lecturer|fellow|professor|reader|lector|college tutor|academic|scholar|egghead|senior common room

origin:
early 16th century (in don1 (sense 2 of the noun)): from Spanish, from Latin dominus ‘lord, master’.


word: DONATE
russian_word: жертвовать
example: a portion of the proceeds will be donated to charity
definition: give (money or goods) for a good cause, for example to a charity.
antonyms: keep|receive
origin: late 18th century: back-formation from donation.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: də(ʊ)ˈneɪt
phonetics_text: də(ʊ)ˈneɪt
synonyms:
give|give/make a donation of|make a gift of|contribute|make a contribution of|present|gift|subscribe|hand out|grant|bestow|pledge|put oneself down for|put up|come up with|accord|provide|supply|furnish|endow someone with|confer on someone|chip in|pitch in|fork out|dish out|shell out|cough up|stump up|kick in|ante up|pony up


word: DONATION
russian_word: пожертвование
example: please send your donation of £20 to the Disaster Appeal
definition: something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money.
antonyms: receipt
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: də(ʊ)ˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: də(ʊ)ˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
gift|contribution|subscription|present|handout|grant|offering|gratuity|endowment|bestowal|giving|charity|benefaction|largesse|alms|donative

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin donatio(n- ), from the verb donare, based on donum ‘gift’.


word: DONATIVE
russian_word: дарственную
definition: a donation, especially one given formally or officially as a largesse.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdəʊnətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊnətɪv
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin donativum ‘gift, largesse’, from donat- ‘given’, from the verb donare (see donation).


word: DONGA
russian_word: ущелье
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒŋɡə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒŋɡə
definition:
a dry gully, formed by the eroding action of running water.|a temporary, usually transportable, dwelling.|the bush; the remote countryside.

origin:
donga (sense 1) from Xhosa and Zulu udonga ; donga (sense 2) is said to stem from an extended usage of the term in the Boer War.


word: DONGLE
russian_word: ключ
origin: 1980s: an arbitrary formation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɒŋɡ(ə)l
definition:
a small device able to be connected to and used with a computer, especially to allow access to wireless broadband or use of protected software.


word: DONKEY
russian_word: осел
synonyms: ass|jackass|jenny|mule|hinny|burro|moke|neddy|cuddy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒŋki
phonetics_text: ˈdɒŋki
definition:
a domesticated hoofed mammal of the horse family with long ears and a braying call, used as a beast of burden; an ass.|a stupid or inept person.|an engine.|a low stool on which an artist sits astride, especially in an art school.|a children's card game involving exchanging cards.

origin:
late 18th century (originally pronounced to rhyme with monkey ): perhaps from dun1, or from the given name Duncan .


word: DONNISH
russian_word: педантичный
definition: resembling a college don, particularly because of having a pedantic, scholarly manner.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɒnɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈdɒnɪʃ
synonyms:
scholarly|studious|academic|scholastic|bookish|book-loving|intellectual|erudite|educated|learned|serious|earnest|thoughtful|cerebral|highbrow|pedantic|impractical|ivory-towerish|brainy|egghead|swotty|lettered|clerkly


word: DONOR
russian_word: донор
example: an anonymous donor has given £25
definition: a person who donates something, especially money to charity.
antonyms: recipient
origin: Middle English: from Old French doneur, from Latin donator, from donare ‘give’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəʊnə
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊnə|ˈdəʊnɔː
synonyms:
giver|contributor|benefactor|benefactress|subscriber|donator|supporter|backer|subsidizer|patron|sponsor|philanthropist|angel|benefactrice|benefactrix|philanthrope


word: DOODAH
russian_word: штука
example: from the poshest potpourri to the humblest dangly doodah
definition: used to refer to something that the speaker cannot name precisely.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːdɑː
phonetics_text: ˈduːdɑː
origin:
early 20th century (in the phrase all of a doodah ): perhaps from the refrain of the song Camptown Races .


word: DOOHICKEY
russian_word: приспособление
example: a garage filled with electronic parts and other valuable doohickeys
definition: a small object or gadget, especially one whose precise name the speaker cannot recall.
origin: early 20th century (originally servicemen's slang): blend of doodad and hickey.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːhɪki
phonetics_text: ˈduːhɪki
synonyms:
thing|so-and-so|whatever it's called|whatsit|whatnot|doodad|thingy|thingamajig|thingamabob|what's-its-name|whatchamacallit|whatchacallit


word: DOOM
russian_word: гибель
example: the aircraft was sent crashing to its doom in the water
definition: death, destruction, or some other terrible fate.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: duːm
phonetics_text: duːm
synonyms:
destruction|downfall|grim/terrible fate|ruin|ruination|rack and ruin|catastrophe|disaster|extinction|annihilation|death|end|termination|quietus

origin:
Old English dōm  ‘statute, judgement’, of Germanic origin, from a base meaning ‘to put in place’; related to do1.


word: DOOR
russian_word: дверь
example: she looked for her key and opened the door
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɔː
phonetics_text: dɔː
definition:
a hinged, sliding, or revolving barrier at the entrance to a building, room, or vehicle, or in the framework of a cupboard.

origin:
Old English duru, dor, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch deur ‘door’ and German Tür ‘door’, Tor ‘gate’; from an Indo-European root shared by Latin foris ‘gate’ and Greek thura ‘door’.


word: DO OVER
russian_word: обмазывать
example:
let's do them over and dump them somewhere|her flat had been done over—the evidence was all too clear|the flat was done over by a local designer|to absorb the lesson, I had to do it over

definition:
beat someone up.|ransack a place, especially while searching for something worth stealing.|decorate or furnish a room or building.|repeat something.

synonyms:
beat up|assault|attack|mug|batter|thrash|pummel|pound|knock about|knock around|work over|clobber|rough up|fill in|let someone have it|have a go at|duff someone up|beat up on


word: DOPA
russian_word: допа
origin: early 20th century: from German, acronym from the systematic name.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəʊpə
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊpə
definition:
a compound which is present in nervous tissue as a precursor of dopamine, used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.


word: DOPAMINE
russian_word: допамин
origin: 1950s: blend of dopa and amine.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəʊpəmiːn
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊpəmiːn
definition:
a compound present in the body as a neurotransmitter and a precursor of other substances including adrenaline.


word: DOPE
russian_word: допинг
synonyms: drugs|narcotics|addictive drugs|recreational drugs|illegal drugs|cannabis|heroin
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: dəʊp
phonetics_text: dəʊp
example:
my dad caught me smoking dope|though he wasn't an intellectual giant, he was no dope either|our reviewer will give you the dope on hot spots around the town

definition:
a drug taken illegally for recreational purposes, especially cannabis.|a stupid person.|information about a subject, especially if not generally known.|a varnish formerly applied to fabric surfaces of aircraft to strengthen them and keep them airtight.

origin:
early 19th century (in the sense ‘thick liquid’): from Dutch doop ‘sauce’, from doopen ‘to dip, mix’.


word: DOPEY
russian_word: вялый
example: she was under sedation and a bit dopey
definition: stupefied by sleep or a drug.
antonyms: alert
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdəʊpi
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊpi
synonyms:
dazed|confused|muddled|befuddled|bewildered|disoriented|disorientated|stupefied|groggy|dizzy|woozy|muzzy|woolly|woolly-headed|not with it|discombobulated


word: DOR
russian_word: жук-навозник
origin: Old English (denoting a bee or buzzing fly), probably imitative.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɔː
phonetics_text: dɔː
definition:
a large black dung beetle that makes a droning sound in flight and excavates burrows in which its young develop.


word: DORIAN
russian_word: дорический
origin: via Latin from Greek Dōrios ‘of Doris’ + -ian.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdɔːrɪən
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːrɪən
definition:
a member of a Hellenic people speaking the Doric dialect of Greek, thought to have entered Greece from the north c. 1100 BC. They settled in the Peloponnese and later colonized Sicily and southern Italy.


word: DORMANT
russian_word: бездействующий
example: dormant butterflies|that dormant urge to write fiction has re-emerged
antonyms: awake|active
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɔːm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːm(ə)nt
definition:
(of an animal) having normal physical functions suspended or slowed down for a period of time; in or as if in a deep sleep.|temporarily inactive or inoperative.|(of an animal) depicted lying with its head on its paws.

synonyms:
asleep|sleeping|slumbering|resting|reposing|drowsing|comatose|supine|inactive|passive|inert|latent|fallow|quiescent|inoperative|stagnant|sluggish|lethargic|torpid|motionless|immobile|aestivating

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘fixed in position’ and ‘latent’): from Old French, ‘sleeping’, present participle of dormir, from Latin dormire ‘to sleep’.


word: DORMOUSE
russian_word: соня
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɔːmaʊs
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːmaʊs
definition:
an agile mouse-like rodent with a hairy or bushy tail, found in Africa and Eurasia. Some kinds are noted for spending long periods in hibernation.

origin:
late Middle English: of unknown origin, but associated with French dormir or Latin dormire ‘to sleep’ and mouse.


word: DOSSAL
russian_word: заалтарная завеса
definition: an ornamental cloth hung behind an altar in a church or at the sides of a chancel.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒs(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɒs(ə)l
origin:
mid 17th century (denoting an ornamental cloth for covering the back of a seat): from medieval Latin dossale, from late Latin dorsalis ‘on the back’ (see dorsal).


word: DOSSIER
russian_word: досье
example: we have a dossier on him
definition: a collection of documents about a particular person, event, or subject.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒsɪə
phonetics_text: ˈdɒsɪə|ˈdɒsɪeɪ
synonyms:
file|report|case history|case study|casebook|account|notes|document(s)|documentation|data|information|evidence|annal(s)|archive(s)|chronicle(s)|diary|journal|memoir|register|log|logbook|inventory|list|catalogue|muniments

origin:
late 19th century: from French, denoting a bundle of papers with a label on the back, from dos ‘back’, based on Latin dorsum .


word: DOT
russian_word: точка
example: a symbol depicted in coloured dots
definition: a small round mark or spot.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɒt
phonetics_text: dɒt
synonyms:
spot|speck|fleck|speckle|point|pinpoint|pinprick|mark|dab|bit|particle|atom|molecule|iota|jot|mote|mite|decimal point|full stop|macule|macula

origin:
Old English dott  ‘head of a boil’. The word is recorded only once in Old English, then not until the late 16th century, when it is found in the sense ‘a small lump or clot’, perhaps influenced by Dutch dot ‘a knot’. The sense ‘small mark or spot’ dates from the mid 17th century.


word: DOTAGE
russian_word: старческое слабоумие
example: you could live here and look after me in my dotage
definition: the period of life in which a person is old and weak.
antonyms: childhood
origin: late Middle English: from dote + -age.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəʊtɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊtɪdʒ
synonyms:
declining years|winter/autumn of one's life|advanced years|old age|elderliness|agedness|oldness|senescence|senility|superannuation|decrepitude|second childhood|eld|caducity


word: DOTTED LINE
russian_word: пунктир
part_of_speech: noun
example:
Adam signed on the dotted line with a flourish|I report to Hal Jones, our CFO, with a dotted line to the audit committee

definition:
a line made up of dots or dashes (often used in reference to the space left for a signature on a contract).|an indirect, informal, or secondary line of responsibility within an organization (as represented by a dotted line on an organizational chart).


word: DOTTEREL
russian_word: ржанка
origin: Middle English: from dote (so named because it is easily caught) + -rel. Compare with dodo.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɒt(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɒt(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
a small plover with a brown streaked back and a chestnut or buff belly with black below, breeding in mountainous areas and in the tundra.


word: DOTTY
russian_word: точечный
example: a dotty old lady
definition: eccentric or slightly mad.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɒti
phonetics_text: ˈdɒti
origin:
late 19th century: perhaps from obsolete dote  ‘simpleton, fool’, apparently from Dutch dote ‘folly’.


word: DOUBLE
russian_word: двойной
example: double doors
definition: consisting of two equal, identical, or similar parts or things.|lower in pitch by an octave.
antonyms: single
part_of_speech: adjective|predeterminer|adverb|noun|pronoun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdʌb(ə)l
synonyms:
dual|duplex|twin|binary|duplicate|matched|matching|paired|in pairs|complementary|coupled|twofold|binate

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin duplus (see duple). The verb is from Old French dobler, from late Latin duplare, from duplus .


word: DOUBLE BASS
russian_word: контрабас
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the largest and lowest-pitched instrument of the violin family, providing the bassline of the orchestral string section and also used in jazz and some country music.


word: DOUBLE-DEALING
russian_word: двуличность
example: an air of double-dealing and deceit hangs over the negotiations
definition: the practice of working to people's disadvantage behind their backs.
antonyms: honesty|straightforwardness|trustworthiness
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
synonyms:
duplicity|treachery|betrayal|double-crossing|faithlessness|unfaithfulness|untrustworthiness|infidelity|bad faith|disloyalty|perfidy|perfidiousness|treason|breach of trust|fraud|fraudulence|underhandedness|cheating|dishonesty|deceit|deceitfulness|deception|falseness|stab in the back|back-stabbing|lying|mendacity|trickery|two-facedness|crookedness|two-timing|Punic faith


word: DOUBLETHINK
russian_word: двоемыслие
origin: 1949: coined by George Orwell in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌb(ə)lθɪŋk
phonetics_text: ˈdʌb(ə)lθɪŋk
definition:
the acceptance of contrary opinions or beliefs at the same time, especially as a result of political indoctrination.


word: DOUBLETON
russian_word: дублетным
example: a doubleton ace
origin: early 20th century: from double, on the pattern of singleton .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌb(ə)lt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdʌb(ə)lt(ə)n
definition:
(in card games, especially bridge) a pair of cards which are the only cards of their suit in a hand.


word: DOUBLE UP
russian_word: сгибаться
example:
Billy started to double up with laughter|producers and arrangers would sometimes double up as musicians

definition:
bend over or curl up, typically because one is overcome with pain or laughter.|be used in or play another, different role.|use the winnings from a bet as stake for another bet.


word: DOUBT
russian_word: сомнение
example: some doubt has been cast upon the authenticity of this account
definition: a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction.
antonyms: certainty|conviction|confidence|trust
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: daʊt
phonetics_text: daʊt
synonyms:
uncertainty|lack of certainty|unsureness|indecision|hesitation|hesitancy|dubiousness|suspicion|confusion|question mark|queries|questions|dubiety|incertitude|diffidence|insecurity|inhibition|unease|uneasiness|apprehension|wavering|vacillation|irresolution|lack of conviction|demurral|scepticism|distrust|mistrust|lack of trust|doubtfulness|cynicism|disbelief|incredulity|unbelief|misbelief|lack of confidence/conviction|wariness|chariness|questioning|reservations|misgivings|suspicions|qualms|leeriness

origin:
Middle English: from Old French doute (noun), douter (verb), from Latin dubitare ‘hesitate’, from dubius ‘doubtful’ (see dubious).


word: DOUBTER
russian_word: сомневающийся
example: he had proved all his doubters wrong
definition: a person who questions or lacks faith in something; a sceptic.
antonyms: believer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊtə
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊtə
synonyms:
sceptic|doubting Thomas|non-believer|unbeliever|disbeliever|cynic|scoffer|questioner|challenger|nihilist|dissenter|irreligionist|atheist|non-theist|agnostic|freethinker|infidel|pagan|heathen|paynim|Pyrrhonist|nullifidian


word: DOUBTFUL
russian_word: сомнительный
example: he looked doubtful, but gave a nod|the fire was of doubtful origin
definition: feeling uncertain about something.|not known with certainty.
antonyms: confident|decisive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdaʊtfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊtfʊl|ˈdaʊtf(ə)l
synonyms:
irresolute|hesitant|tentative|vacillating|dithering|wavering|teetering|fluctuating|faltering|ambivalent|divided|in doubt|unsure|uncertain|in two minds|shilly-shallying|undecided|indefinite|unresolved|in a quandary/dilemma|undetermined|iffy|blowing hot and cold|sitting on the fence


word: DOUBTLESS
russian_word: несомненно
example: the company would doubtless find the reduced competition to their liking
definition: certainly; without doubt.
antonyms: possibly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdaʊtləs
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊtləs
synonyms:
undoubtedly|indubitably|doubtlessly|no doubt|without (a) doubt|beyond (a) doubt|beyond the shadow of a doubt|unquestionably|beyond question|indisputably|undeniably|incontrovertibly|irrefutably|unequivocally|clearly|plainly|obviously|patently|positively|absolutely|certainly|with certainty|decidedly|definitely|surely|assuredly|of course|indeed


word: DOUCE
russian_word: Дус
example: stories which would have outraged their douce minds
definition: sober and sedate.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: duːs
phonetics_text: duːs
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘pleasant, sweet’): from Old French dous, douce, from Latin dulcis ‘sweet’.


word: DOUCHEBAG
russian_word: придурок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːʃbaɡ
phonetics_text: ˈduːʃbaɡ
definition:
a small syringe for douching the vagina, especially as a contraceptive measure.|an obnoxious or contemptible person (typically used of a man).


word: DOUGHTY
russian_word: доблестный
example: his doughty spirit kept him going
definition: brave and persistent.
antonyms: timid
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdaʊti
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊti
synonyms:
fearless|dauntless|determined|resolute|indomitable|intrepid|plucky|spirited|game|mettlesome|gritty|steely|confident|undaunted|undismayed|unalarmed|unflinching|unshrinking|unabashed|unfaltering|unflagging|bold|audacious|valiant|brave|stout-hearted|lionhearted|gallant|courageous|heroic|daring|daredevil|gutsy|spunky|ballsy|feisty

origin:
late Old English dohtig, variant of dyhtig, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch duchtig and German tüchtig .


word: DOULA
russian_word: дуле
example: from admission through delivery, a doula stayed at her assigned patient's side
origin: 1960s: modern Greek, from Greek doulē ‘female slave’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːlə
phonetics_text: ˈduːlə
definition:
a woman, typically without formal obstetric training, who is employed to provide guidance and support to a pregnant woman during labour.


word: DOUR
russian_word: суровый
example: a hard, dour, humourless fanatic
definition: relentlessly severe, stern, or gloomy in manner or appearance.
antonyms: cheerful|friendly
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʊə
phonetics_text: ˈdʊə|ˈdaʊə
synonyms:
stern|unsmiling|unfriendly|frowning|poker-faced|severe|forbidding|morose|sour|gruff|surly|uncommunicative|grim|gloomy|dismal|sullen|sombre|grave|sober|serious|solemn|austere|mean-looking|stony|unsympathetic|disapproving

origin:
late Middle English (originally Scots): probably from Scottish Gaelic dúr ‘dull, obstinate, stupid’, perhaps from Latin durus ‘hard’.


word: DOVEKIE
russian_word: малая гагарка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌvki
phonetics_text: ˈdʌvki
definition:
a small, stubby short-billed auk (seabird) with black plumage and white underparts, breeding in the Arctic; a little auk.

origin:
early 19th century (originally denoting the black guillemot, Cepphus grylle, also formerly called the Greenland dove ): from a Scots diminutive of dove1.


word: DOVETAIL
russian_word: ласточкин хвост
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌvteɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdʌvteɪl
definition:
a joint formed by one or more tapered projections (tenons) on one piece which interlock with corresponding notches or recesses (mortises) in another.


word: DOWD
russian_word: Дауд
example: why must you always look such a dowd?
definition: a person of dull, unfashionable appearance (typically used of a woman).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: daʊd
phonetics_text: daʊd
origin:
Middle English: of unknown origin. Perhaps reintroduced in the early 19th century as a back-formation from dowdy.


word: DOWDY
russian_word: безвкусный
example: she could achieve the kind of casual chic which made every other woman around her look dowdy
antonyms: fashionable
origin: late 16th century (as a noun): from dowd.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdaʊdi
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊdi
definition:
(of a person or their clothes) unfashionable and unstylish in appearance (typically used of a woman).

synonyms:
unfashionable|frumpish|frumpy|drab|dull|old-fashioned|outmoded|out of style|not smart|inelegant|badly dressed|ill-dressed|shabby|scruffy|faded|untidy|dingy|frowzy|sad|tacky|mumsy|antwacky|daggy


word: DOWITCHER
russian_word: бекасовидный веретенник
origin: mid 19th century: from Iroquoian.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊɪtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊɪtʃə
definition:
a wading bird of the sandpiper family, with a long straight bill, breeding in arctic and subarctic North America and eastern Asia.


word: DO WITHOUT
russian_word: обходиться без
example: I could do without food for a day
definition: manage without something.
synonyms:
forgo|dispense with|abstain from|refrain from|eschew|give up|renounce|forswear|swear off|keep off|keep away from|manage without|lay off|cut out|quit|give something a miss


word: DOWN
russian_word: вниз
antonyms: up
part_of_speech: adverb|preposition|adjective|verb|noun
phonetic: daʊn
phonetics_text: daʊn
example:
she looked down|keep the noise down|he was down with the flu|Graham noted the numbers down carefully|pay £5 down and the rest at the end of the month

definition:
towards or in a lower place or position, especially to or on the ground or another surface.|to or at a lower level of intensity, volume, or activity.|in or into a weaker or worse position, mood, or condition.|in or into writing.|(with reference to partial payment of a sum of money) made initially or on the spot.|(of sailing) with the current or the wind.|(of the ball or a player in possession) not in play, typically through progress being stopped.

synonyms:
towards a lower position|downwards|downstairs|towards the bottom|from top to bottom|to the ground|to the floor|over

origin:
Old English dūn, dūne, shortened from adūne  ‘downward’, from the phrase of dūne  ‘off the hill’ (see down3).


word: DOWNBEAT
russian_word: мрачный
definition: pessimistic or gloomy.|relaxed and understated.
antonyms: upbeat
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnbiːt
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnbiːt
example:
the assessment of the UK's economic prospects is downbeat|he responds to her enthusiasm with downbeat bemusement

synonyms:
pessimistic|gloomy|negative|defeatist|gloom-ridden|cynical|bleak|fatalistic|dark|black|despairing|despondent|depressed|dejected|demoralized|hopeless|melancholy|glum|lugubrious|suspicious|distrustful|doubting|alarmist


word: DOWNBURST
russian_word: нисходящий порыв
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnbəːst
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnbəːst
definition:
a strong downward current of air from a cumulonimbus cloud, which is usually accompanied by intense rain or a thunderstorm.


word: DOWNCAST
russian_word: удрученный
example: her modestly downcast eyes|you mustn't be downcast
definition: (of a person's eyes) looking downwards.|(of a person) feeling despondent.
antonyms: elated
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnkɑːst
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnkɑːst
synonyms:
despondent|disheartened|discouraged|dispirited|downhearted|low-spirited|in low spirits|hopeless|cast down|crestfallen|down|low|disconsolate|in despair|despairing|wretched|oppressed|sad|melancholy|gloomy|glum|morose|doleful|dismal|woebegone|miserable|depressed|dejected|distressed|sorrowful|defeatist|pessimistic|blue|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|as sick as a parrot


word: DOWNFALL
russian_word: падение
example: the wind was whipping up the downfall into deep drifts on the moor
definition: a loss of power, prosperity, or status.|a heavy fall of rain or snow.
antonyms: rise|salvation|survival
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnfɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnfɔːl
synonyms:
undoing|ruin|ruination|defeat|conquest|vanquishing|toppling|deposition|ousting|unseating|overthrow|nemesis|destruction|annihilation|elimination|end|collapse|fall|crash|failure|debasement|degradation|disgrace|Waterloo|labefaction


word: DOWNFIELD
russian_word: слабого поля
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: daʊnˈfiːld
phonetics_text: daʊnˈfiːld
definition:
(in sport) in or to a position nearer to the opponents' end of a field.|in a direction corresponding to decreasing field strength.


word: DOWNFORCE
russian_word: прижимная сила
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnfɔːs
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnfɔːs
definition:
a force, produced by a combination of air resistance and gravity, that acts on a moving vehicle, having the effect of pressing it down towards the ground and giving it increased stability.


word: DOWNGRADE
russian_word: упадок
example: some jobs had gradually been downgraded from skilled to semi-skilled
definition: reduce to a lower grade, rank, or level of importance.
antonyms: upgrade|promote|praise|talk up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
demote|lower|lower in status|reduce/lower in rank|reduce in importance|relegate|bust|degrade|disparage|denigrate|detract from|run down|decry|belittle|make light of|minimize|defame|bad-mouth


word: DOWNHEARTED
russian_word: унылый
example: fans must not be downhearted even though we lost
definition: discouraged; in low spirits.
antonyms: elated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: daʊnˈhɑːtɪd
phonetics_text: daʊnˈhɑːtɪd
synonyms:
despondent|disheartened|discouraged|dispirited|downcast|low-spirited|in low spirits|hopeless|cast down|crestfallen|down|low|disconsolate|in despair|despairing|wretched|oppressed|melancholy|gloomy|glum|morose|doleful|dismal|woebegone|miserable|depressed|dejected|distressed|sorrowful|sad|defeatist|pessimistic|blue|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|as sick as a parrot


word: DOWNMOST
russian_word: опущенное вниз
definition: situated at or towards the bottom.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈdaʊnməʊst
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnməʊst
example:
the seat is adjusted so that there is only a slight knee bend when the pedal is in the downmost position


word: DOWNREGULATION
russian_word: подавление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdaʊnrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdaʊnrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the reduction at the cellular level of the magnitude or rate of a physiological response or a biochemical process, especially of the expression of a gene.|the reduction of the number or density of cell surface receptors for a physiologically active substance, causing a decrease in sensitivity in response to persistent exposure.


word: DOWNRIGHT
russian_word: совершенно
example: it's a downright disgrace|her common sense and downright attitude to life surprised him
antonyms: partial|anything but
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈdaʊnrʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnrʌɪt
definition:
(of something bad or unpleasant) utter; complete (used for emphasis).|so direct in manner as to be blunt.

synonyms:
complete|total|absolute|utter|thorough|perfect|out-and-out|outright|thoroughgoing|all-out|sheer|positive|rank|pure|dyed-in-the-wool|deep-dyed|real|veritable|consummate|categorical|unmitigated|unqualified|unadulterated|unalloyed|unconditional|unequivocal|right|proper|arrant


word: DOWNSHIFT
russian_word: включать пониженную передачу
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnʃɪft
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnʃɪft
example:
increasing numbers of men want to downshift from full-time work|an inertia system that activates whenever the rider brakes or downshifts

definition:
change a financially rewarding but stressful career or lifestyle for a less pressured and less highly paid but more fulfilling one.|change to a lower gear in a motor vehicle or bicycle.


word: DOWNSIDE
russian_word: нижняя сторона
definition: the negative aspect of something otherwise regarded as good or desirable.
antonyms: benefit|advantage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊnsʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊnsʌɪd
example:
he says being a rock star is a fun line of work when you're young, but admits fame can have its downsides

synonyms:
snag|drawback|disadvantage|stumbling block|catch|pitfall|fly in the ointment|handicap|limitation|trouble|difficulty|problem|complication|liability|nuisance|hindrance|obstacle|impediment|weak spot/point|weakness|flaw|defect|fault|disbenefit|minus|flip side|hiccup|spanner in the works|monkey wrench in the works


word: DOWNTRODDEN
russian_word: забитый
example: a downtrodden proletarian struggling for social justice
definition: oppressed or treated badly by people in power.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdaʊntrɒd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊntrɒd(ə)n
synonyms:
oppressed|subjugated|persecuted|subdued|repressed|tyrannized|ground down|crushed|enslaved|burdened|weighed down|exploited|disadvantaged|underprivileged|victimized|bullied|browbeaten|under the heel|powerless|helpless|prostrate|abused|misused|maltreated|ill-treated


word: DOWRY
russian_word: приданое
example: Elizabeth's dowry was to be £45,000 in diamonds
definition: an amount of property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.
synonyms: marriage settlement|(marriage) portion|tocher|dot
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊ(ə)ri
origin:
Middle English (denoting a widow's life interest in her husband's estate): from Anglo-Norman French dowarie, from medieval Latin dotarium (see dower).


word: DOWSING
russian_word: лозоискательство
example: a dowsing rod
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʊzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdaʊzɪŋ
definition:
a technique for searching for underground water, minerals, ley lines, or anything invisible, by observing the motion of a pointer (traditionally a forked stick, now often paired bent wires) or the changes in direction of a pendulum, supposedly in response to unseen influences.


word: DOXOLOGY
russian_word: славословие
example: after the singing of the doxology the congregation separated
definition: a liturgical formula of praise to God.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɒkˈsɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: dɒkˈsɒlədʒi
origin:
mid 17th century: via medieval Latin from Greek doxologia, from doxa ‘appearance, glory’ (from dokein ‘seem’) + -logia (see -logy).


word: DOZE
russian_word: дремать
example: he found his mother dozing by the fire
definition: sleep lightly.
antonyms: be awake
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dəʊz
phonetics_text: dəʊz
synonyms:
catnap|nap|take a nap|take a siesta|sleep lightly|drowse|rest|snooze|have a snooze|snatch forty winks|get some shut-eye|kip|have a kip|get some kip|zizz|have a zizz|get some zizz|catch some Zs|catch a few Zs|slumber

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘stupefy, bewilder, or make drowsy’): perhaps related to Danish døse ‘make drowsy’.


word: DOZY
russian_word: сонный
example: he grew dozy at the end of a long day
definition: feeling drowsy and lazy.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdəʊzi
phonetics_text: ˈdəʊzi
synonyms:
drowsy|sleepy|half asleep|heavy-eyed|somnolent|lethargic|listless|lacking in energy|unenergetic|enervated|inactive|slow|torpid|languid|weary|tired|fatigued|lazy|idle|indolent|slothful|sluggardly|asthenic|neurasthenic|dopey|yawny|logy|lymphatic


word: DRAB
russian_word: однообразие
example: the landscape was drab and grey|drab camouflage uniforms
definition: lacking brightness or interest; drearily dull.|of a dull light brown colour.
antonyms: bright|cheerful|interesting
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: drab
phonetics_text: drab
synonyms:
colourless|grey|greyish|dull|dull-coloured|washed out|neutral|pale|muted|lacklustre|lustreless|muddy|watery|lightish brown|brownish|brownish-grey|mousy|dun-coloured|dingy|dreary|dismal|cheerless|gloomy|sombre|depressing|uninteresting|boring|tedious|monotonous|dry|wearisome|unexciting|bland|non-stimulating|unimaginative|uninspiring|uninspired|insipid|vapid|flat|stale|trite|vacuous|feeble|pallid|wishy-washy|limp|lame|tired|lifeless|zestless|spiritless|sterile|anaemic|barren|tame|bloodless|antiseptic|middle-of-the-road|run-of-the-mill|commonplace|mediocre|nondescript|characterless|mundane|unexceptional|unremarkable|humdrum|prosaic

origin:
mid 16th century (as a noun denoting undyed cloth): probably from Old French drap ‘cloth’ (see drape).


word: DRACAENA
russian_word: драцена
definition: a tropical palmlike shrub or tree with ornamental foliage, popular as a greenhouse or indoor plant.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: drəˈsiːnə
phonetics_text: drəˈsiːnə
origin:
modern Latin, from Greek drakaina, feminine of drakōn ‘serpent, dragon’ (the genus Dracaena includes Dracaena draco, the dragon tree).


word: DRACHM
russian_word: драхма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dram
phonetics_text: dram
definition:
a unit of weight formerly used by apothecaries, equivalent to 60 grains or one eighth of an ounce.|an ancient silver coin based on the Attic or Hellenistic drachma.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the ancient Greek drachma): from Old French dragme or late Latin dragma, via Latin from Greek drakhmē (see drachma).


word: DRACONIAN
russian_word: драконовские
example: the Nazis destroyed the independence of the press by a series of draconian laws
definition: (of laws or their application) excessively harsh and severe.
antonyms: mild
origin: late 19th century: from the name of Draco (see Draco2) + -ian.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: drəˈkəʊnɪən
phonetics_text: drəˈkəʊnɪən
synonyms:
harsh|severe|strict|extreme|drastic|stringent|tough|swingeing|cruel|brutal|oppressive|ruthless|relentless|summary|punitive|authoritarian|despotic|tyrannical|arbitrary|repressive|iron-fisted|suppressive


word: DRACONIC
russian_word: драконов
definition: (of a law or treatment) very harsh and severe.|characteristic of or resembling a dragon.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: drəˈkɒnɪk
phonetics_text: drəˈkɒnɪk
example:
draconic punishment succeeded in putting a stop to the plundering|suddenly, his draconic form changed into that of a handsome, well-built elven youth


word: DRAFT
russian_word: проект
example: the first draft of the party's manifesto|25 million men were subject to the draft
synonyms: cheque|order|banker's order|money order|bill of exchange|postal order|negotiable instrument
origin: mid 16th century: phonetic spelling of draught.
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: drɑːft
phonetics_text: drɑːft
definition:
a preliminary version of a piece of writing.|a written order to pay a specified sum.|compulsory recruitment for military service.|US spelling of draught (noun).


word: DRAG
russian_word: тащить
synonyms: haul|pull|draw|tug|heave|trail|trawl|tow|streel|yank|lug|hale
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: draɡ
phonetics_text: draɡ
example:
we dragged the boat up the beach|the day dragged—eventually it was time for bed|you can move the icons into this group by dragging them in with the mouse

definition:
pull (someone or something) along forcefully, roughly, or with difficulty.|(of time) pass slowly and tediously.|move (an image or highlighted text) across a computer screen using a tool such as a mouse.

origin:
Middle English: from Old English dragan or Old Norse draga ‘to draw’; the noun partly from Middle Low German dragge ‘grapnel’.


word: DRAGLINE
russian_word: драглайн
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdraɡlʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdraɡlʌɪn
definition:
a large excavator with a bucket pulled in by a wire cable.|a line of silk produced by a spider and acting as a safety line or (in newly hatched spiders) a parachute.


word: DRAG ON
russian_word: тянуться
example: the dispute between the two families dragged on for years|she dragged on a low-tar cigarette
definition:
(of a process or situation) continue at tedious and unnecessary length.|suck on the end of a lit cigarette so as to inhale the smoke produced by the burning tobacco.

synonyms:
persist|continue|go on|carry on|extend|run on|be protracted|linger|endure|keep up|hold|prevail|subsist


word: DRAGOON
russian_word: драгун
definition: a member of any of several cavalry regiments in the British army.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: drəˈɡuːn
phonetics_text: drəˈɡuːn
synonyms:
cavalryman|mounted soldier|horse soldier|cavalier|knight|chevalier|carabineer|hussar|lancer|cuirassier|sabreur

origin:
early 17th century (denoting a kind of carbine or musket, thought of as breathing fire): from French dragon ‘dragon’.


word: DRAG OUT
russian_word: вытаскивать
example: he dragged out the process of serving them|the truth was being dragged out of us
definition: unnecessarily prolong something.|extract information from someone against their will.
synonyms:
prolong|protract|draw out|stretch out|spin out|string out|make something go on and on|extend|extend the duration of|lengthen|carry on|keep going|keep alive|continue|wire-draw


word: DRAIL
russian_word: драил
definition: a fish hook and line weighted with lead for dragging below the surface of the water.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dreɪl
phonetics_text: dreɪl
origin:
late 16th century (denoting part of a plough): from the obsolete verb drail, an alteration of trail.


word: DRAIN
russian_word: дренаж
antonyms: fill
synonyms: empty (out)|remove the contents of|void|clear (out)|unload|evacuate
origin: Old English drēahnian, drēhnian ‘strain (liquid’), of Germanic origin; related to dry.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dreɪn
phonetics_text: dreɪn
example:
we drained the swimming pool|his limbs were drained of all energy|whenever he did hit a green, he drained the putt

definition:
cause the water or other liquid in (something) to run out, leaving it empty or dry.|deprive of strength or vitality.|(of a player) hole (a putt).


word: DRAINAGE TUBE
russian_word: дренажная труба
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a tube, usually of clear flexible plastic with lateral perforations, for draining a wound, abscess, etc.


word: DRAINBOARD
russian_word: сушилка для посуды
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdreɪnbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈdreɪnbɔːd
definition:
a sloping grooved board or surface, on which washed dishes are left to drain, typically into a sink; a draining board.


word: DRAM
russian_word: драхма
example: a wee dram to ward off the winter chill
definition: a small drink of whisky or other spirits.|another term for drachm.
synonyms: drink|nip|tot|sip|thimbleful|mouthful|drop|finger|splash|little|spot|taste|small amount|scoosh
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dram
phonetics_text: dram
origin:
late Middle English (in dram1 (sense 2)): from Old French drame or medieval Latin drama, variants of dragme and dragma (see drachm).


word: DRAMA
russian_word: драма
example: a gritty urban drama about growing up in Harlem|a hostage drama
synonyms: play|show|piece|theatrical work|spectacle|dramatization|screenplay
origin: early 16th century: via late Latin from Greek drama, from dran ‘do, act’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɑːmə
phonetics_text: ˈdrɑːmə
definition:
a play for theatre, radio, or television.|an exciting, emotional, or unexpected event or circumstance.


word: DRAMATIC
russian_word: драматический
example: the dramatic arts|a dramatic increase in recorded crime
antonyms: insignificant
origin: late 16th century: via late Latin from Greek dramatikos, from drama, dramat- (see drama).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: drəˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: drəˈmatɪk
definition:
relating to drama or the performance or study of drama.|(of an event or circumstance) sudden and striking.

synonyms:
considerable|substantial|sizeable|goodly|fair|reasonable|tidy|marked|pronounced|noticeable|measurable|perceptible|conspicuous|obvious|detectable|visible|appreciable|significant|striking|signal|notable|noteworthy|worthy of attention|remarkable|outstanding|extraordinary|exceptional|phenomenal|important|of importance|of consequence|consequential


word: DRAMATIZE
russian_word: драматизировать
example: his play dramatized the plight of Maureen, a pregnant young woman
definition: adapt (a novel) or present (a particular incident) as a play or film.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdramətʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈdramətʌɪz
synonyms:
turn into a play/film|adapt for the stage/screen|base a screenplay on|put into dramatic form|present as a play/film


word: DRAPE
russian_word: драпировка
example: she draped a shawl around her shoulders
definition: arrange (cloth or clothing) loosely or casually on or round something.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dreɪp
phonetics_text: dreɪp
origin:
mid 19th century: back-formation from drapery, influenced by French draper ‘to drape’. The noun senses date from the early 20th century.


word: DRAPER
russian_word: драпировщик
example: as a young man he was employed in a draper's shop
definition: a person who sells textile fabrics.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdreɪpə
phonetics_text: ˈdreɪpə
origin:
late Middle English (denoting a maker of woollen cloth): from Old French drapier, from drap ‘cloth’, from late Latin drappus .


word: DRASTIC
russian_word: решительный
example: a drastic reduction of staffing levels
definition: likely to have a strong or far-reaching effect; radical and extreme.
antonyms: mild|moderate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrastɪk
phonetics_text: ˈdrastɪk
synonyms:
extreme|serious|forceful|desperate|dire|radical|far-reaching|momentous|substantial|heavy|sharp|severe|harsh|rigorous|swingeing|punishing|excessive|oppressive|draconian

origin:
late 17th century (originally applied to the effect of medicine): from Greek drastikos, from dran ‘do’.


word: DRAUGHT
russian_word: проект
synonyms: current of air|rush of air|breath|whiff|waft|wind|breeze|gust|puff|blast|gale|blow|zephyr
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: drɑːft
phonetics_text: drɑːft
example:
heavy curtains at the windows cut out draughts|she downed the remaining beer in one draught|the shallow draught enabled her to get close inshore

definition:
a current of cool air in a room or other confined space.|a single act of drinking or inhaling.|the depth of water needed to float a ship.|the drawing in of a fishing net.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘drawing, pulling’; also ‘something drawn, a load’): from Old Norse dráttr, of Germanic origin; related to German Tracht, also to draw. Compare with draft.


word: DRAUGHTS
russian_word: шашки
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: drɑːfts
phonetics_text: drɑːfts
definition:
a board game for two players, played on a draughtboard. Each player starts with twelve disc-shaped pieces in three rows along one side of the board, and moves them diagonally with the aim of capturing all the opponent's pieces.

origin:
late Middle English: from draught; related to obsolete draught in the sense ‘move’ (in chess or any similar game); compare with French trait, from Latin tractus ‘a dragging’.


word: DRAUGHTSMAN
russian_word: рисовальщик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɑːf(t)smən
phonetics_text: ˈdrɑːf(t)smən
definition:
a person who makes detailed technical plans or drawings.|variant spelling of draftsman (sense 1 of the noun).


word: DRAW
russian_word: рисовать
antonyms: put away|put up
synonyms: pull out|take out|bring out|draw out|produce|fish out|extract|withdraw|unsheathe
origin: Old English dragan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dragen and German tragen, also to draught.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɔː
phonetics_text: drɔː
example:
he drew a map|a cart drawn by two horses|he drew his gun and peered into the gloomy apartment|a wheel was built to draw water from the well|he drew criticism for his lavish spending|she drew a ticket and announced the number but no one claimed it|Brazil had drawn a stormy match 1–1|there are numerous ways of drawing poultry|he had to learn to draw the ball—not least for the tee shots at Augusta|boats that draw only a few inches of water|as the sail drew, he put the helm over to circle back

definition:
produce (a picture or diagram) by making lines and marks on paper with a pencil, pen, etc.|pull or drag (something such as a vehicle) so as to make it follow behind.|extract (an object, especially a weapon) from a container or receptacle.|take or obtain (liquid) from a container or receptacle.|be the cause of (a specified response).|select (a ticket or name) randomly to decide winners in a lottery, opponents in a sporting contest, etc.|finish (a contest or game) with an even score.|disembowel.|hit (the ball) so that it deviates slightly, usually as a result of spin.|(of a ship) require (a specified depth of water) to float in.|(of a sail) be filled with wind.


word: DRAWBACK
russian_word: недостаток
antonyms: benefit|advantage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɔːbak
phonetics_text: ˈdrɔːbak
example:
the main drawback of fitting catalytic converters is the cost|they had been complaining of difficulties in getting quick reimbursement of duty drawback

definition:
a feature that renders something less acceptable; a disadvantage or problem.|an amount of excise or import duty remitted on goods exported.

synonyms:
disadvantage|snag|downside|stumbling block|catch|hitch|pitfall|fly in the ointment|weak spot/point|weakness|flaw|defect|imperfection|fault|handicap|limitation|trouble|difficulty|problem|issue|complication|liability|nuisance|hindrance|obstacle|hurdle|impediment|obstruction|inconvenience|barrier|curb|check|discouragement|deterrent|damper|disbenefit|minus|hiccup|spanner in the works|monkey wrench in the works


word: DRAWBAR
russian_word: тяговый брус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɔːbɑː
phonetics_text: ˈdrɔːbɑː
definition:
a bar on a vehicle to which something can be attached to pull it or be pulled.|a bar in a structure that can be removed to allow someone through or to let other parts move.|one of a number of bars that may be pulled out to control harmonics on an electric organ.


word: DRAWBRIDGE
russian_word: подъемный мост
example: there was a rattle of chains as the drawbridge was lowered
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɔːbrɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdrɔːbrɪdʒ
definition:
a bridge, especially one over a castle's moat, which is hinged at one end so that it may be raised to prevent people crossing or to allow vessels to pass under it.


word: DRAWDOWN
russian_word: выборка
definition: a reduction in the size or presence of a military force.|a decline in an investment or fund.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɔːdəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈdrɔːdəʊn
example:
the unit is the first to leave Germany as part of the drawdown|the drawdown seemed to be concentrated in the smaller hedge funds


word: DRAW DOWN
russian_word: навлекать
definition: withdraw money from a fund or loan facility.|reduce the size of a military force in an area.
example:
I'm not actually going to be drawing down any of the loan until early 1999|more had to be done before the US could begin to draw down its forces in any significant number


word: DRAWING
russian_word: рисунок
example: a series of charcoal drawings on white paper|entrants need not be present at the drawing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɔː(r)ɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdrɔː(r)ɪŋ
definition:
a picture or diagram made with a pencil, pen, or crayon rather than paint.|an instance of selecting the winner or winners in a lottery or raffle.

synonyms:
sketch|picture|illustration|representation|portrayal|delineation|depiction|composition|study|diagram|outline|design|plan|artist's impression|tracing


word: DRAWING ROOM
russian_word: гостиная
definition: a room in a large private house in which guests can be received and entertained.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic:
mid 17th century (denoting a private room attached to a more public one): abbreviation of 16th-century withdrawing-room ‘a room to withdraw to’.


word: DRAW LOTS
russian_word: тянуть жребий
example: we drew lots to decide the order
definition: decide by lot.
synonyms:
decide randomly|spin/toss a coin|throw dice|draw straws|cut straws|decide on the toss of a coin|decide on the throw of a die|dice


word: DRAW ON
russian_word: привлекать
example:
Sue has a lot of past experience to draw on|he remembered sitting in silence with his grandmother as evening drew on|he drew on his dressing gown|she drew heavily on her cigarette

definition:
use one's experience, talents, or skills as a resource.|(of a period of time) pass by and approach its end.|put an item of clothing on.|suck smoke from a cigarette or pipe.

synonyms:
call on|have recourse to|avail oneself of|turn to|look to|fall back on|rely on|make use of|exploit|use|employ|utilize|bring into play


word: DRAW OUT
russian_word: удлинять
example:
the long discussion drew the meeting out to two hours|she drew me out and flattered me|now I just draw out a spending allowance every week|she talked about the snowdrops and how the days were beginning to draw out

definition:
make something last longer.|gently or subtly induce someone to talk more.|obtain or withdraw money from a bank or other source.|(of successive days) become longer because of the changing seasons.

synonyms:
prolong|protract|drag out|stretch out|spin out|string out|make something go on and on|extend|extend the duration of|lengthen|carry on|keep going|keep alive|continue|wire-draw


word: DRAWSTRING
russian_word: шнурок
example: a suede money bag with a drawstring
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɔːstrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdrɔːstrɪŋ
definition:
a string in the seam of the material of a garment or a bag, which can be pulled to tighten or close it.


word: DRAW THE LINE
russian_word: проводить линию
example: I draw the line at a pizza with anchovies on it
definition: set a limit on what one is willing to do or accept.
antonyms: approve of
synonyms:
stop short of|refuse to accept|draw a line in the sand|balk at|object to|take issue with|take exception to|put one's foot down about


word: DRAW UP
russian_word: выстраивать
example:
they instructed an attorney to draw up a sales agreement|drivers drew up at the lights|Sarah drew herself up, full of indignation that he should presume to judge her

definition:
prepare a plan, agreement, or other document in detail.|come to a halt.|make oneself stand in a stiffly upright manner.

synonyms:
compose|formulate|frame|write out|write down|put in writing|put down (on paper)|draft|prepare|think up|devise|work out|map out|plan|conceive|create|invent|originate|coin|design|arrange|marshal|muster|assemble|group|order|range|rank|line up|parade|place|dispose|position|put into position|set out|array|set forth


word: DREAD
russian_word: страх
example: Jane was dreading the party|the man whom Henry dreaded as the future champion of English freedom
definition: anticipate with great apprehension or fear.|regard with great awe or reverence.
antonyms: look forward to
origin: Old English ādrǣdan, ondrǣdan, of West Germanic origin; related to Old High German intrātan .
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
phonetic: drɛd
phonetics_text: drɛd
synonyms:
fear|be afraid of|worry about|be anxious about|have forebodings about|feel apprehensive about|be terrified by|cower at|tremble/shudder at|cringe from|shrink from|quail from|flinch from|have cold feet about|be in a blue funk about


word: DREADFUL
russian_word: ужасный
example: there's been a dreadful accident|this was all a dreadful mistake
antonyms: mild
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrɛdfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈdrɛdfʊl|ˈdrɛdf(ə)l
definition:
causing or involving great suffering, fear, or unhappiness; extremely bad or serious.|used to emphasize the degree to which something is the case, especially something regarded with sadness or disapproval.

synonyms:
terrible|frightful|horrible|grim|awful|dire|frightening|terrifying|horrifying|alarming|distressing|shocking|appalling|harrowing|ghastly|fearful|hideous|horrendous|monstrous|unspeakable|gruesome|tragic|calamitous|grievous|grisly|terrific


word: DREADFULLY
russian_word: ужасно
example: you're dreadfully thin|the company has performed dreadfully
definition: extremely.|very badly.
antonyms: slightly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdrɛdfəli
phonetics_text: ˈdrɛdfəli
synonyms:
extremely|very|really|frightfully|fearfully|exceedingly|immensely|terribly|exceptionally|uncommonly|remarkably|extraordinarily|decidedly|most|positively|particularly|right|unco|quite|terrifically|tremendously|desperately|awfully|devilishly|ultra|too … for words|mucho|mega|seriously|majorly|oh-so|jolly|ever so|dead|well|fair|real|mighty|awful|plumb|powerful|lekker|devilish|hellish|exceeding|sore|very much|intensely|a great deal|a good deal|to a great extent|much|a lot|lots


word: DREAM
russian_word: мечтать
synonyms: fantasy|nightmare|vision|hallucination
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: driːm
phonetics_text: driːm
example:
I had a recurrent dream about falling from great heights|I fulfilled a childhood dream when I became champion

definition:
a series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a person's mind during sleep.|a cherished aspiration, ambition, or ideal.

origin:
Middle English: of Germanic origin, related to Dutch droom and German Traum, and probably also to Old English drēam ‘joy, music’.


word: DREAMER
russian_word: мечтатель
example: she found out the Department of Transportation was not going to grant driving licences to DREAMers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdriːmə
phonetics_text: ˈdriːmə
definition:
a person who dreams or is dreaming.|a person who has lived in the US without official authorization since coming to the country as a minor. People of this description who met certain conditions would be eligible for a special immigration status under federal legislation first proposed in 2001.


word: DREAMING
russian_word: сновидение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdriːmɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdriːmɪŋ
definition:
(in the mythology of some Australian Aboriginal peoples) Dreamtime or Alcheringa, especially as manifested in the natural world and celebrated in ritual.


word: DREAMLAND
russian_word: сказочная страна
definition: sleep regarded as a world of dreams.|an imagined and unrealistically ideal world.
antonyms: the real world
synonyms: sleep|slumber|land of Nod
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdriːmland
phonetics_text: ˈdriːmland
example:
she tries to lull herself into dreamland|a digital dreamland where you'll pay bills with a click of the mouse


word: DREAMLIKE
russian_word: сказочный
example: she snapped out of her dreamlike state
definition: having the qualities of a dream; unreal.
antonyms: real|tangible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdriːmlʌɪk
phonetics_text: ˈdriːmlʌɪk
synonyms:
unreal|unsubstantial|illusive|illusory|illusionary|imaginary|chimerical|ethereal|phantasmagorical|trance-like|surreal|psychedelic|nightmarish|Kafkaesque|ghostly|ghostlike|vague|dim|hazy|shadowy|misty|faint|indistinct|unclear


word: DREAM UP
russian_word: фантазировать
example: he's been dreaming up new ways of attracting customers
definition: imagine or invent something.
synonyms:
think up|invent|concoct|devise|hatch|contrive|create|fabricate|work out|come up with|conjure up|cook up|brew


word: DREAMY
russian_word: мечтательный
example: the atmosphere is tranquil and dreamy|a dreamy boy who grew up absorbed in poetry
definition: having a magical or pleasantly unreal quality; dreamlike.|given to or indulging in daydreaming.
antonyms: clear|sharp|harsh
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdriːmi
phonetics_text: ˈdriːmi
synonyms:
dreamlike|vague|dim|hazy|shadowy|misty|faint|indistinct|unclear|gentle|tranquil|peaceful|relaxing|soothing|calming|lulling|romantic


word: DREARY
russian_word: тоскливый
example: the dreary round of working, eating, and trying to sleep
definition: depressingly dull and bleak or repetitive.
antonyms: exciting|cheerful|bright
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrɪəri
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪəri
synonyms:
dull|drab|uninteresting|flat|dry|banal|bland|insipid|colourless|lifeless|sterile|tedious|wearisome|boring|unexciting|unstimulating|uninspiring|desolate|vapid|jejune|bloodless|soul-destroying|as dry as dust|humdrum|routine|monotonous|uneventful|run-of-the-mill|prosaic|pedestrian|commonplace|everyday|unexceptional|unremarkable|quotidian|unvaried|repetitive|featureless|ho-hum|sad|miserable|depressing|grim|gloomy|glum|sombre|grave|doleful|mournful|melancholic|joyless|cheerless|wretched|dismal|bleak|dark|dingy|murky|overcast

origin:
Old English drēorig  ‘gory, cruel’, also ‘melancholy’, from drēor  ‘gore’, of Germanic origin; related to German traurig ‘sorrowful’, also to drowsy, and probably to drizzle.


word: DREGS
russian_word: отбросы
example: coffee dregs
definition: the remnants of a liquid left in a container, together with any sediment.
origin: Middle English: probably of Scandinavian origin and related to Swedish drägg (plural).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: drɛɡz
phonetics_text: drɛɡz
synonyms:
sediment|deposit|residue|remains|accumulation|slops|sludge|scum|debris|dross|detritus|refuse|lees|grounds|scourings|precipitate|sublimate|residuum|settlings|alluvium|draff|grouts


word: DREIDEL
russian_word: волчок
origin: from Yiddish dreydl ; compare with German drehen ‘to turn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdreɪd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdreɪd(ə)l
definition:
a small four-sided spinning top with a Hebrew letter on each side, used in a children's game traditionally played at the Jewish festival of Hanukkah.


word: DRENCH
russian_word: мочить
example: I fell in the stream and was drenched|three-times-a-year drenching for calves
definition: wet thoroughly; soak.|forcibly administer a drug in liquid form orally to (an animal).
antonyms: dry
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɛn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: drɛn(t)ʃ
synonyms:
soak|saturate|wet through|wet thoroughly|permeate|drown|swamp|submerge|inundate|flood|douse|souse|swill down|sluice down|slosh|steep|bathe|rinse|wash

origin:
Old English drencan  ‘force to drink’, drenc  ‘a drink or draught’, of Germanic origin; related to German tränken (verb), Trank (noun), also to drink.


word: DRESS
russian_word: платье
antonyms: undress
synonyms: put on clothes|don clothes|slip into clothes|clothe oneself|get dressed
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɛs
phonetics_text: drɛs
example:
Graham showered and dressed quickly|she'd enjoyed dressing the tree when the children were little|she washed the wound and dressed it with fresh bandages|dress the crab and shell the prawns|the field was dressed with unrotted farmyard manure|do you dress to the left?|after you dress a dry fly, be sure to remove any oil before you make your next cast

definition:
put on one's clothes.|decorate (something) in an artistic or attractive way.|clean, treat, or apply a dressing to (a wound).|clean and prepare (food, especially poultry or shellfish) for cooking or eating.|apply a fertilizer to (an area of ground or a plant).|draw up (troops) in the proper alignment.|(of a man) have the genitals habitually on one or the other side of the fork of the trousers.|make (an artificial fly) for use in fishing.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘put straight’): from Old French dresser ‘arrange, prepare’, based on Latin directus ‘direct, straight’.


word: DRESSAGE
russian_word: объездка лошадей
example: she was learning dressage on a black mare
origin: early 20th century: from French, literally ‘training’, from dresser ‘to train’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɛsɑː(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdrɛsɑː(d)ʒ
definition:
the art of riding and training a horse in a manner that develops obedience, flexibility, and balance.


word: DRESS DOWN
russian_word: задать трепку
definition: dress informally.|reprimand someone.
antonyms: dress up|dress smartly
synonyms: dress informally|dress casually|be untidy|slob around
example:
Sue dressed down in old jeans and a white blouse|the president dressed down the media at the news conference


word: DRESSING
russian_word: одевание
synonyms: sauce|relish|condiment|dip|flavouring
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɛsɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdrɛsɪŋ
example:
vinaigrette dressing|an antiseptic dressing|fabrics finished with dressing will work successfully when cut an inch wide|a dressing of blood, fish, and bone

definition:
a sauce for salads, typically one consisting of oil and vinegar with herbs or other flavourings.|a piece of material used to cover and protect a wound.|size or stiffening used in the finishing of fabrics.|a fertilizing substance such as compost or manure spread over or ploughed into land.


word: DRESSMAKER
russian_word: портниха
definition: a person whose job is making women's clothes.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɛsmeɪkə
phonetics_text: ˈdrɛsmeɪkə
synonyms:
garment maker|seamstress|needlewoman|tailoress|tailor|outfitter|costumier|clothier|couturier|designer|modiste


word: DRESS UP
russian_word: наряжать
antonyms: dress casually|dress down
example:
just wear whatever's comfortable—you don't need to dress up|the company dressed up the figures a little

definition:
dress in smart or formal clothes.|present something in such a way that it appears better than it really is.

synonyms:
dress smartly|dress formally|wear evening dress|doll oneself up|dress to the nines|put on one's glad rags


word: DRESSY
russian_word: шикарный
example: wear something dressy, Kate, we've got to go to a drinks party
definition: (of clothes) suitable for a smart or formal occasion.
antonyms: casual
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrɛsi
phonetics_text: ˈdrɛsi
synonyms:
smart|formal|elaborate|ornate|stylish|elegant|dashing|sophisticated|chic|fashionable|modish|à la mode|sharp|snappy|snazzy|natty|ritzy|classy|swish|trendy|with it|fly|spiffy|sassy|kicky|tony|stylin'


word: DRIBBLE
russian_word: капать
example: rain dribbled down the window|he attempted to dribble the ball from the goal area
synonyms: trickle|drip|fall in drops|drop|drizzle|leak|ooze|exude|seep
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈdrɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪb(ə)l
definition:
(of a liquid) fall slowly in drops or a thin stream.|(in soccer, hockey, and basketball) take (the ball) forwards past opponents with slight touches of the feet or the stick, or (in basketball) by continuous bouncing.

origin:
mid 16th century: frequentative of obsolete drib, variant of drip. The original sense was ‘shoot an arrow short or wide of its target’, which was also a sense of drib .


word: DRIFT
russian_word: дрейф
example: the cabin cruiser started to drift downstream|fallen leaves were starting to drift in the gutters
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɪft
phonetics_text: drɪft
definition:
be carried slowly by a current of air or water.|(especially of snow or leaves) be blown into heaps by the wind.

synonyms:
be carried|be carried (away/along)|be borne|be wafted|float|bob|move slowly|go with the current|coast|meander

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘mass of snow, leaves, etc.’): originally from Old Norse drift ‘snowdrift, something driven’; in later use from Middle Dutch drift ‘course, current’, and (in drift (sense 6 of the noun)) South African Dutch drift ‘ford’; related to drive.


word: DRIFTER
russian_word: бродяга
synonyms: wanderer|traveller|transient|roamer|tramp|vagabond|vagrant|person of no fixed abode|hobo|derro
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɪftə
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪftə
definition:
a person who is continually moving from place to place, without any fixed home or job.|a fishing boat equipped with a drift net.


word: DRILL
russian_word: дрель
example: parade-ground drill
synonyms: drilling tool|boring tool|rotary tool|auger|(brace and) bit|gimlet|awl|bradawl
origin: early 17th century: from Middle Dutch drillen ‘bore, turn in a circle’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: drɪl
phonetics_text: drɪl
definition:
a tool or machine with a rotating cutting tip or reciprocating hammer or chisel, used for making holes.|instruction or training in military exercises.|a predatory mollusc that bores into the shells of other molluscs in order to feed on the soft tissue.


word: DRINK
russian_word: напиток
example: we sat by the fire, drinking our tea
definition: take (a liquid) into the mouth and swallow.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɪŋk
phonetics_text: drɪŋk
synonyms:
swallow|gulp down|quaff|swill|guzzle|sup|imbibe|partake of|sip|consume|take|drain|toss off|swig|down|knock back|put away|sink|kill|slug|inhale|wet one's whistle|neck|scarf (down/up)|snarf (down/up)|chug|ingurgitate

origin:
Old English drincan (verb), drinc (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch drinken and German trinken .


word: DRINKABLE
russian_word: питьевое
example: a supply of drinkable water
definition: (of a liquid) fit to drink; potable.
antonyms: undrinkable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrɪŋkəbl
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪŋkəbl
synonyms:
fit to drink|potable|palatable|pure|fresh|clean|safe|unpolluted|untainted|unadulterated|uncontaminated


word: DRINKER
russian_word: пьющий
example: coffee drinkers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɪŋkə
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪŋkə
definition:
a person who drinks a particular drink.|a large brownish European moth, the caterpillar of which bears irritant hairs and is noted for drinking dew.|a container from which an animal can drink.


word: DRINK IN
russian_word: упиваться
example: she strolled to the window to drink in the view
definition: watch or listen to something with eager pleasure or interest.
synonyms:
absorb|assimilate|digest|ingest|take in|be absorbed in|be immersed in|be rapt in|be lost in|be fascinated by|pay close attention to


word: DRIP
russian_word: капельный
example: the tap won't stop dripping
definition: let fall or be so wet as to shed small drops of liquid.
antonyms: gush
origin: Old English dryppan, drȳpen, of Germanic origin; related to Danish dryppe, also to drop.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɪp
phonetics_text: drɪp
synonyms:
dribble|drop|leak|trickle|drizzle|run|splash|sprinkle|plop|fall in drops|ooze|seep|exude|be discharged|emanate|issue


word: DRIPSTONE
russian_word: слезник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɪpstəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪpstəʊn
definition:
a moulding over a door or window which deflects rain.|rock deposited by precipitation from dripping water, such as that which forms stalactites and stalagmites.


word: DRIVE
russian_word: привод
antonyms: walk
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drʌɪv
phonetics_text: drʌɪv
example:
he got into his car and drove off|the wind will drive you onshore|they drove a flock of sheep through the centre of the city|he was driven by ambition

definition:
operate and control the direction and speed of a motor vehicle.|propel or carry along by force in a specified direction.|urge or force (animals or people) to move in a specified direction.|(of a fact or feeling) compel (someone) to act in a particular way, especially one that is considered undesirable or inappropriate.

synonyms:
operate|pilot|steer|handle|manage|guide|direct|navigate|travel by car|go by car|motor|travel on wheels|tool along|bowl along|spin

origin:
Old English drīfan  ‘urge (a person or animal) to go forward’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch drijven and German treiben .


word: DRIVEL
russian_word: чушь
example: don't talk such drivel!
definition: nonsense.
antonyms: sense
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdrɪv(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪv(ə)l
synonyms:
nonsense|twaddle|claptrap|balderdash|gibberish|mumbo jumbo|rubbish|tommyrot|poppycock|phooey|hot air|eyewash|piffle|garbage|tripe|bosh|bull|bunk|blah|hogwash|baloney|cobblers|codswallop|cock|stuff and nonsense|tosh|double Dutch|rot|waffle|flapdoodle|blathers|wack|bushwa|applesauce|bunkum|crap|bullshit|bollocks|balls|crapola|bulldust

origin:
Old English dreflian (in drivel (sense 2 of the verb)), of uncertain origin; perhaps related to draff.


word: DRIVER
russian_word: водитель
example: a taxi driver|the hope of achieving such monopolies becomes the main driver of investment
antonyms: passenger
synonyms: motorist|chauffeur|pilot|operator|engineer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌɪvə
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌɪvə
definition:
a person who drives a vehicle.|a wheel or other part in a mechanism that receives power directly and transmits motion to other parts.|a factor which causes a particular phenomenon to happen or develop.|a golf club with a flat face and wooden head, used for driving from the tee.


word: DRIVERLESS
russian_word: без водителя
example: driverless cars have huge potential to transform the transport network
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrʌɪvələs
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌɪvələs
definition:
(of a vehicle) capable of travelling without input from a human operator, by means of computer systems working in conjunction with on-board sensors.


word: DRIVING WHEEL
russian_word: ведущее колесо
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
any of the large wheels of a locomotive, to which power is applied either directly or via coupling rods.|a wheel transmitting motive power in machinery.


word: DRIZZLE
russian_word: морось
synonyms: fine rain|Scotch mist|sprinkle of rain|light shower|spray|mizzle
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdrɪz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdrɪz(ə)l
example:
Scotland will be cloudy with patchy drizzle|raw mushrooms, thinly sliced and served with lemon, a little salt, and a drizzle of olive oil

definition:
light rain falling in very fine drops.|(in cooking) a thin stream of a liquid ingredient trickled over food.

origin:
mid 16th century: probably based on Old English drēosan  ‘to fall’, of Germanic origin; probably related to dreary.


word: DROLL
russian_word: забавный
example: his unique brand of droll self-mockery
definition: curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement.
antonyms: serious
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: drəʊl
phonetics_text: drəʊl
synonyms:
funny|humorous|amusing|comic|comical|mirthful|chucklesome|hilarious|rollicking|clownish|farcical|zany|quirky|eccentric|preposterous|ridiculous|ludicrous|risible|laughable|jocular|light-hearted|facetious|waggish|witty|whimsical|wry|sportive|tongue-in-cheek|entertaining|diverting|engaging|sparkling|wacky|side-splitting|rib-tickling|quaint|odd|strange|queer|outlandish|bizarre

origin:
early 17th century (as an adjective): from French drôle, perhaps from Middle Dutch drolle ‘imp, goblin’.


word: DROMEDARY
russian_word: дромадер
definition: an Arabian camel, especially one of a light and swift breed trained for riding or racing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒmɪd(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒmɪd(ə)ri|ˈdrʌmɪd(ə)ri
origin:
Middle English: from Old French dromedaire or late Latin dromedarius (camelus ) ‘swift camel’, based on Greek dromas, dromad- ‘runner’.


word: DROMOND
russian_word: большая парусная галера
definition: a large medieval ship of a kind used for war or commerce, chiefly in the Mediterranean.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒmənd
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒmənd|ˈdrʌmənd
origin:
Middle English: via Old French and late Latin from late Greek dromōn ‘light vessel’, from Greek dromos ‘running’.


word: DROMOS
russian_word: дромос
origin: Greek, ‘course, running, avenue’; related to dramein ‘to run’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒmɒs
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒmɒs
definition:
an avenue or passage leading into an ancient Greek temple or tomb, especially one between rows of columns or statues.


word: DRONE
russian_word: трутень
example: in the far distance a machine droned
definition: make a continuous low humming sound.
synonyms: hum|buzz|whir|vibrate|murmur|rumble|purr|hiss|whisper|sigh
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drəʊn
phonetics_text: drəʊn
origin:
Old English drān, drǣn  ‘male bee’, from a West Germanic verb meaning ‘resound, boom’; related to Dutch dreunen ‘to drone’, German dröhnen ‘to roar’, and Swedish dröna ‘to drowse’.


word: DRONGO
russian_word: дронго
example: I gave that drongo fifty dollars and he only gave me change for ten!
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒŋɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒŋɡəʊ
definition:
a songbird with glossy black plumage and typically a long forked tail and a crest, found in Africa, southern Asia, and Australia.|a stupid or incompetent person.

origin:
mid 19th century: from Malagasy. drongo (sense 2) is said to be from the name of an Australian racehorse of the 1920s which consistently finished last or near last.


word: DROOP
russian_word: наклон
example: a long black cloak drooped from his shoulders
definition: bend or hang downwards limply.
antonyms: be upright
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse drúpa ‘hang the head’; related to drip and drop.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: druːp
phonetics_text: druːp
synonyms:
hang down|hang|dangle|bend|bow|stoop|sag|sink|slump|fall down|drop|flop|wilt|become limp|become flaccid|drape


word: DROOPY
russian_word: упавший духом
example: a droopy moustache
definition: hanging down limply; drooping.
antonyms: upright
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdruːpi
phonetics_text: ˈdruːpi
synonyms:
hanging down|drooping|hanging|dangling|falling|dropping|draped|bending|bent|bowed|bowing|stooping|sagging|sinking|slumping|flopping|wilting|becoming limp|becoming flaccid


word: DROP
russian_word: падение
antonyms: hold on to|lift|pick up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: drɒp
phonetics_text: drɒp
example:
the fire was caused by someone dropping a lighted cigarette|the spoon dropped with a clatter from her hand|he dropped his voice as she came into the room|the charges against him were dropped last year|his mum dropped him outside and drove off to work|the club have yet to drop a point in the Second Division|East drops the 10 on the second round

definition:
let or make (something) fall vertically.|fall vertically.|make or become lower, weaker, or less.|abandon or discontinue (a course of action or study).|set down or unload (a passenger or goods), especially on the way to somewhere else.|(in sport) fail to win (a point or a match).|be forced to play (a relatively high card) as a loser under an opponent's higher card, because it is the only card in its suit held in the hand.

synonyms:
let fall|let go (of)|fail to hold|lose one's grip on|release|unhand|relinquish|put|place|rest|deposit|set|set down|lay|leave|settle|shove|stick|position|station|pop|plonk

origin:
Old English dropa (noun), droppian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to German Tropfen ‘a drop’, tropfen ‘to drip’, also to drip and droop.


word: DROP BACK
russian_word: отходить
example: the colt was struggling to stay with the pace and started to drop back
definition: fall back or get left behind.
antonyms: go ahead|keep up
synonyms:
fall back/behind|get left behind|lag behind|straggle|linger|dawdle|dally|hang back|loiter|bring/take up the rear|dilly-dally|tarry


word: DROP OFF
russian_word: завезти
example: struggle as she might, she kept dropping off
definition: fall asleep easily, especially without intending to.
antonyms: wake up
synonyms:
fall asleep|go to sleep|get to sleep|doze (off)|have a nap|catnap|drowse|nod off|go off|drift off|snooze|take forty winks|get some shut-eye|crash out|go out like a light|flake out|conk out|sack out|zone out


word: DROPOUT
russian_word: отсева
example: a college dropout
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒpaʊt
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒpaʊt
definition:
a person who has abandoned a course of study or who has rejected conventional society to pursue an alternative lifestyle.|the restarting of play with a drop kick.|a momentary loss of recorded audio signal or an error in reading data on a magnetic tape or disk, usually due to a flaw in the coating.|a U-shaped slot at the end of a fork or stay on a bicycle, made to receive the axle and enabling the wheel to be changed rapidly.

synonyms:
beatnik|hippy|bohemian|nonconformist|free spirit|avant-gardist|rebel|misfit|outsider|loner|eccentric|idler|layabout|loafer|lounger|good-for-nothing|freak|oddball|deadbeat|waster|bum|bad boy


word: DROP OUT
russian_word: выпадать
antonyms: take up|continue
example:
she stepped into the spotlight after a fellow actress had to drop out due to ill health|she had dropped out of college|he was a child of the sixties who had temporarily dropped out

definition:
stop participating or being involved in something.|abandon a course of study.|reject conventional society to pursue an alternative lifestyle.|restart play with a drop kick.

synonyms:
give up|finish with|withdraw from|retire from|cancel|discontinue|end|stop|cease|halt|terminate|abandon|forgo|relinquish|dispense with|have done with|throw up|pack in|quit|cry off


word: DROP SCENE
russian_word: заключительная сцена
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a drop curtain used as part of stage scenery, especially one in front of which a scene is played while the setting is changed behind.


word: DROPSY
russian_word: водянка
definition: old-fashioned or less technical term for oedema.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒpsi
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒpsi
origin:
Middle English: shortening of idropesie, earlier form of obsolete hydropsy, via Old French and Latin from Greek hudrōps ‘dropsy’, from hudōr ‘water’.


word: DROSERA
russian_word: Дрозера
definition: a sundew (insectivorous plant).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒs(ə)rə
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒs(ə)rə
origin:
modern Latin, from Greek droseros ‘dewy’ (from the appearance of the glistening hairs on the leaves).


word: DROSHKY
russian_word: дрожки
definition: a low four-wheeled open carriage of a kind formerly used in Russia.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrɒʃki
phonetics_text: ˈdrɒʃki
origin:
early 19th century: from Russian drozhki, diminutive of drogi ‘wagon’, from droga ‘shaft, carriage pole’.


word: DROSOPHILA
russian_word: дрозофила
origin: modern Latin, from Greek drosos ‘dew, moisture’ + philos ‘loving’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: drɒˈsɒfɪlə
phonetics_text: drɒˈsɒfɪlə
definition:
a small fruit fly, used extensively in genetic research because of its large chromosomes, numerous varieties, and rapid rate of reproduction.


word: DROSS
russian_word: шлак
synonyms: junk|debris|chaff|draff|detritus|flotsam and jetsam|rubbish|trash|garbage|dreck|grot
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: drɒs
phonetics_text: drɒs
example:
there are bargains if you have the patience to sift through the dross|alchemists tried to create gold from dross

definition:
something regarded as worthless; rubbish.|foreign matter, dregs, or mineral waste, in particular scum formed on the surface of molten metal.

origin:
Old English drōs (in the sense ‘scum on molten metal’); related to Dutch droesem and German Drusen ‘dregs, lees’.


word: DROUGHT
russian_word: засуха
example: the cause of Europe's recent droughts|I asked for something to slake my drought
definition: a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.|thirst.
synonyms: dry spell|dry period|lack of rain|shortage of water|drouth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: draʊt
phonetics_text: draʊt
origin:
late Old English drūgath  ‘dryness’, of Germanic origin; compare with Dutch droogte ; related to dry.


word: DROUTH
russian_word: засуха
definition: a drought.|thirst.
origin: late Middle English: variant of drought.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: druːθ
phonetics_text: druːθ
example:
the basin has never been dry, even in the terrible drouth of 1930|particular pubs opened before dawn to kill the drouth of the nightshift


word: DROWSE
russian_word: сонливость
example: he was beginning to drowse in his chair
definition: be half asleep; doze intermittently.
antonyms: be awake
origin: late 16th century: back-formation from drowsy.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: draʊz
phonetics_text: draʊz
synonyms:
doze|sleep (lightly)|nap|take a nap|catnap|take a siesta|rest|snooze|have a snooze|snatch/get forty winks|get some shut-eye|kip|have a kip|get some kip|catch some Zs|catch a few Zs|slumber


word: DROWSINESS
russian_word: сонливость
example: this drug can cause drowsiness
definition: a feeling of being sleepy and lethargic; sleepiness.
antonyms: wakefulness|energy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdraʊzɪnəs
phonetics_text: ˈdraʊzɪnəs
synonyms:
sleepiness|somnolence|tiredness|fatigue|weariness|exhaustion|sluggishness|lethargy|listlessness|torpor|enervation|lifelessness|laziness|indolence|inertia|lassitude|apathy|debility|doziness|dopiness|grogginess


word: DROWSY
russian_word: сонный
example: the wine had made her drowsy
definition: sleepy and lethargic; half asleep.
antonyms: wakeful|alert
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdraʊzi
phonetics_text: ˈdraʊzi
synonyms:
sleepy|half asleep|dozy|dozing|heavy|heavy-eyed|yawning|nodding|groggy|somnolent|ready for bed|tired|weary|fatigued|exhausted|lethargic|sluggish|torpid|lifeless|listless|languid|languorous|comatose|dazed|drugged|snoozy|dopey|yawny|dead beat|all in|done in|dog-tired|knackered|slumberous

origin:
late 15th century: probably from the stem of Old English drūsian  ‘be languid or slow’, of Germanic origin; related to dreary.


word: DRUBBING
russian_word: избиение
example: I'll give the scoundrels a drubbing if I can!
definition: a beating; a thrashing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌbɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌbɪŋ
synonyms:
beating|thrashing|walloping|thumping|battering|pounding|pummelling|slapping|smacking|punching|bludgeoning|thwacking|cuffing|buffeting|mauling|pelting|lambasting|whipping|flogging|flaying|birching|cudgelling|clubbing|hammering|licking|clobbering|belting|bashing|pasting|whacking|slugging|tanning|biffing|bopping|hiding|beating-up|duffing-up|doing-over|working-over|kicking


word: DRUDGE
russian_word: выполнять тяжелую работу
example: I felt like a household drudge
definition: a person made to do hard menial or dull work.
origin: Middle English (as a noun): of unknown origin; perhaps related to drag.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: drʌdʒ
phonetics_text: drʌdʒ
synonyms:
menial|menial worker|slave|galley slave|toiler|lackey|servant|labourer|hack|worker|maid/man of all work|houseboy|factotum|gofer|running dog|runner|peon|skivvy|dogsbody|charwoman|charlady|char|scullion|servitor


word: DRUDGERY
russian_word: тяжелая работа
example: domestic drudgery
definition: hard menial or dull work.
antonyms: relaxation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌdʒəri
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌdʒəri
synonyms:
hard work|menial work|donkey work|toil|toiling|labour|hard/sweated labour|chores|plodding|slavery|grind|slog|graft|skivvying|(hard) yakka|travail|moil


word: DRUG
russian_word: лекарство
example: a new drug aimed at sufferers from Parkinson's disease
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: drʌɡ
phonetics_text: drʌɡ
definition:
a medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body.

synonyms:
medicine|medical drug|medication|medicament|remedy|cure|antidote|cure-all|panacea|nostrum|potion|elixir|magic bullet|physic

origin:
Middle English: from Old French drogue, possibly from Middle Dutch droge vate, literally ‘dry vats’, referring to the contents (i.e. dry goods).


word: DRUG ADDICT
russian_word: наркоман
definition: a person who is addicted to an illegal drug.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌɡadɪkt
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌɡadɪkt
synonyms:
drug abuser|drug user|junkie|druggy|druggie|space cadet|-freak|-head|-fiend|tripper|hype|hypo|cokey|pill popper|metho|hophead|hoppy|needle man|schmecker|snowbird|drugger|dope|dopester|junker|snifter|narcotist|morphinist|morphiomaniac|etheromaniac|viper


word: DRUM
russian_word: барабан
synonyms: canister|barrel|cylinder|tank|bin|can|container|receptacle|holder|vessel|repository
origin: Middle English: from Middle Dutch or Low German tromme, of imitative origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: drʌm
phonetics_text: drʌm
example:
a shuffling dance to the beat of a drum|a drum of powdered bleach|a drum at Lady Beresford's|he had got the drum that the police wouldn't lock us up

definition:
a percussion instrument sounded by being struck with sticks or the hands, typically cylindrical, barrel-shaped, or bowl-shaped, with a taut membrane over one or both ends.|a cylindrical container or receptacle.|a house or flat.|an evening or afternoon tea party of a kind that was popular in the late 18th and early 19th century.|a piece of reliable inside information.


word: DRUMHEAD
russian_word: барабанная перепонка
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdrʌmhɛd
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌmhɛd
definition:
the membrane or skin of a drum.|a winter cabbage of a flat-topped variety.|the circular top of a ship's capstan, with holes into which bars are placed to turn it.


word: DRUNKEN
russian_word: пьяный
example: gangs of drunken youths roamed the streets
definition: drunk or intoxicated.
origin: Old English, archaic past participle of drink.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdrʌŋk(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌŋk(ə)n
synonyms:
drunk|inebriated|intoxicated|befuddled|incapable|tipsy|the worse for drink|under the influence|maudlin|blind drunk|dead drunk|rolling drunk|roaring drunk|(as) drunk as a lord|(as) drunk as a skunk|sottish|tippling|toping|gin-soaked|tight|merry|the worse for wear|woozy|pie-eyed|two/three sheets to the wind|under the table|plastered|smashed|wrecked|sloshed|soused|well oiled|sozzled|blotto|blitzed|canned|stewed|pickled|tanked (up)|soaked|bombed|hammered|blasted|off one's face|out of/off one's head|out of one's skull|wasted|wired|in one's cups|reeling|cock-eyed|zonked|guttered|fuddled|stinko|ratted|legless|steaming|bevvied|paralytic|Brahms and Liszt|half cut|out of it|having had a skinful|bladdered|trolleyed|well away|squiffy|tiddly|out of one's box|having had one over the eight|cut|steamed|mullered|slaughtered|lashed|fou|loaded|trashed|crock|juiced|sauced|squiffed|swacked|strung out|liquored up|out of one's gourd|in the bag|zoned|ripped|turnt|full|shickered|shot|grogged up|as full as a goog|inked|munted|lekker|tired and emotional|stoned|lit up|as tight as a tick|half seas over|pixilated|sotted|besotted|foxed|screwed|crapulent|crapulous|inebriate|bibulous|ebrious|ebriose|ebriate|pissed|as pissed as a newt/fart|rat-arsed|arseholed


word: DRUNKENNESS
russian_word: пьянство
example: a growing problem of drunkenness
definition: the state of being drunk; intoxication.
antonyms: sobriety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌŋk(ə)nˌnəs
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌŋk(ə)nˌnəs
synonyms:
intoxication|inebriation|insobriety|tipsiness|intemperance|overindulgence|overconsumption|debauchery|hard drinking|serious drinking|heavy drinking|alcoholism|alcohol abuse|dipsomania|inebriety|sottishness|crapulence|bibulousness


word: DRUPEL
russian_word: костяночка
origin: mid 19th century: from modern Latin drupella, diminutive of drupa ‘overripe olive’ (see drupe).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdruːp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdruːp(ə)l
definition:
any of the small individual drupes forming a fleshy aggregate fruit such as a blackberry or raspberry; a drupelet.


word: DRUSE
russian_word: друза
origin: early 19th century: via French from German Druse ‘weathered ore’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: druːz
phonetics_text: druːz
definition:
a rock cavity lined with a crust of projecting crystals.|a rounded cluster of calcium oxalate crystals found in some plant cells.


word: DRY
russian_word: сухой
antonyms: fresh|moist
part_of_speech: adjective|verb|noun
phonetic: drʌɪ
phonetics_text: drʌɪ
example:
the jacket kept me warm and dry|the dry facts of the matter|he delighted his friends with a dry, covert sense of humour|the country is strictly dry, in accordance with Islamic law|a dry, medium-bodied red wine

definition:
free from moisture or liquid; not wet or moist.|(of information, writing, etc.) dully factual.|(of a joke or sense of humour) subtle and expressed in a matter-of-fact way.|prohibiting the sale or consumption of alcoholic drink.|(of an alcoholic drink) not sweet.|relating to political ‘dries’; rigidly monetarist.

synonyms:
parched|dried|withered|shrivelled|wilted|wizened|crisp|crispy|brittle|dehydrated|desiccated|sun-baked|sapless|juiceless|hard|hardened|dried out|stale|old|past its best|past its sell-by date|off

origin:
Old English drȳge (adjective), drȳgan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Middle Low German dröge, Dutch droog, and German trocken .


word: DRYER
russian_word: сушилка
example: putting their sweaters in the big dryer
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘person who dries’): from the verb dry + -er1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌɪə
definition:
a machine or device for drying something, especially the hair or laundry.|a substance mixed with oil paint or ink to promote drying.


word: DRY GOODS
russian_word: галантерея
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdrʌɪ ɡʊdz
phonetics_text: ˈdrʌɪ ɡʊdz
definition:
solid commodities traded in bulk, such as tea, sugar, and grain.|fabric, thread, clothing, and related merchandise, especially as distinct from hardware and groceries.


word: DRY ROT
russian_word: моральное разложение
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
fungal timber decay occurring in poorly ventilated conditions in buildings, resulting in cracking and powdering of the wood.|the fungus that causes dry rot decay.


word: DRY UP
russian_word: высыхать
antonyms: continue
example:
rivers and ponds have dried up and wildfires are raging|his commissions began to dry up|then he dried up, and Phil couldn't get another word out of him

definition:
become completely or excessively dry.|(of something perceived as a continuous flow or source) decrease and stop.|stop talking.

synonyms:
dwindle|wane|disappear|fail|vanish|subside|peter out|fade (away)|die away/out/off|taper off|trail away/off|ebb|melt away|evaporate|come to nothing|come to a halt/an end|run out|give out|become unproductive|grow barren/sterile|cease to yield


word: DUAL
russian_word: двойной
example: their dual role at work and home
antonyms: single
synonyms: double|twofold|binary|duplicate|duplex|twin|matched|matching|paired|in pairs|coupled|binate
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdjuːəl
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːəl
definition:
consisting of two parts, elements, or aspects.|(of a theorem, expression, etc.) related to another by the interchange of particular pairs of terms, such as ‘point’ and ‘line’.

origin:
late Middle English (as a noun denoting either of the two middle incisor teeth in each jaw): from Latin dualis, from duo ‘two’.


word: DUALITY
russian_word: двойственность
synonyms: doubleness|dualism|duplexity|ambivalence|dichotomy|polarity|separation|opposition|difference
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin dualitas, from dualis (see dual).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djuːˈalɪti
phonetics_text: djuːˈalɪti
example:
this duality of purpose was discernible in the appointments|his photographs capitalize on the dualities of light and dark, stillness and movement

definition:
the quality or condition of being dual.|an instance of opposition or contrast between two concepts or two aspects of something; a dualism.


word: DUB
russian_word: ровнять
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌb
phonetics_text: dʌb
example:
the media dubbed anorexia ‘the slimming disease’|prewaxed thread has dramatically eased the process of dubbing

definition:
give an unofficial name or nickname to.|dress (an artificial fishing fly) with strands of fur or wool or with other material.|smear (leather) with grease.

synonyms:
nickname|call|name|give a name|label|christen|term|tag|entitle|style|describe as|designate|classify|class|categorize|characterize|denominate|nominate

origin:
late Old English (in the sense ‘make a knight’): from Old French adober ‘equip with armour’, of unknown origin. dub1 (sense 2) is from the obsolete meaning ‘dress or adorn’.


word: DUBIETY
russian_word: сомнение
example: his enemies made much of the dubiety of his paternity
definition: the state or quality of being doubtful; uncertainty.
antonyms: certainty
origin: mid 18th century: from late Latin dubietas, from Latin dubium ‘a doubt’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djuːˈbʌɪɪti
phonetics_text: djuːˈbʌɪɪti
synonyms:
doubtfulness|dubiousness|uncertainty|lack of certainty|unsureness|incertitude|ambiguity|ambivalence|confusion|scepticism|distrust|mistrust|lack of trust|suspicion|cynicism|disbelief|incredulity|unbelief|misbelief|lack of confidence/conviction|uneasiness|apprehension|wariness|chariness|questioning|reservations|misgivings|suspicions|qualms|leeriness|dubiosity


word: DUBIOUS
russian_word: сомнительный
example: I was rather dubious about the whole idea|extremely dubious assumptions
definition: hesitating or doubting.|not to be relied upon; suspect.
antonyms: certain|definite
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdjuːbɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːbɪəs
synonyms:
doubtful|uncertain|unsure|in doubt|hesitant|undecided|unsettled|unconfirmed|undetermined|indefinite|unresolved|up in the air|wavering|vacillating|irresolute|in a quandary|in a dilemma|on the horns of a dilemma|sceptical|suspicious|iffy

origin:
mid 16th century (in dubious (sense 2)): from Latin dubiosus, from dubium ‘a doubt’, neuter of dubius ‘doubtful’.


word: DUBITABLE
russian_word: сомнительной
definition: (of a belief, conclusion, etc.) open to doubt.
antonyms: certain
origin: early 17th century: from Latin dubitabilis, from dubitare ‘to doubt’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdjuːbɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːbɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
open to doubt|open to question|open to debate|debatable|disputable|questionable|arguable|controversial|contentious|iffy


word: DUBNIUM
russian_word: Дубний
origin: 1990s: modern Latin, from Dubna in Russia, site of the Joint Nuclear Institute.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌbnɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈdʌbnɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 105, a very unstable element made by high-energy atomic collisions.


word: DUCHESSE
russian_word: дюшес
example: a mauve duchesse evening dress
origin: late 18th century (in duchesse (sense 2)): from French, literally ‘duchess’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: duːˈʃɛs
phonetics_text: duːˈʃɛs|ˈdʌtʃɪs|ˈdʌtʃɛs
definition:
a soft, heavy, glossy kind of satin, usually of silk.|a chaise longue resembling two armchairs linked by a stool.|a dressing table with a pivoting mirror.


word: DUCHY
russian_word: герцогство
definition: the territory of a duke or duchess; a dukedom.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌtʃi
phonetics_text: ˈdʌtʃi
origin:
Middle English: from Old French duche, from medieval Latin ducatus, from Latin dux, duc- (see duke).


word: DUCK
russian_word: утка
example: visitors can board an amphibious duck to explore the city
origin: Old English duce, from the Germanic base of duck2 (expressing the notion of ‘diving bird’).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌk
phonetics_text: dʌk
definition:
a waterbird with a broad blunt bill, short legs, webbed feet, and a waddling gait.|a pure white thin-shelled bivalve mollusc found off the Atlantic coasts of America.|an amphibious transport vehicle.


word: DUCKWEED
russian_word: ряска
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌkwiːd
phonetics_text: ˈdʌkwiːd
definition:
a tiny aquatic flowering plant that floats in large quantities on still water, often forming an apparently continuous green layer on the surface.


word: DUCT
russian_word: канал
example: leading the air through ducts in the floor
definition: a tube or passageway in a building or machine for air, liquid, cables, etc.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʌkt
phonetics_text: dʌkt
synonyms:
tube|channel|passage|canal|vessel|conduit|culvert|pipe|pipeline|outlet|inlet|flue|shaft|vent|airway|ductus|ductule|vas|trachea

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘course’ or ‘direction’): from Latin ductus ‘leading, aqueduct’ from duct- ‘led’, from the verb ducere .


word: DUCTILE
russian_word: пластичный
definition: (of a metal) able to be drawn out into a thin wire.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌktʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdʌktʌɪl
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘malleable’): from Latin ductilis, from duct- ‘led’, from the verb ducere .


word: DUCTLESS
russian_word: не имеющий выводного протока
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌktləs
phonetics_text: ˈdʌktləs
definition:
denoting a gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream, such as an endocrine gland or a lymph gland.


word: DUE
russian_word: должное
example: the baby's due in August|driving without due care and attention
definition: expected at or planned for at a certain time.|of the proper quality or extent.
antonyms: unsuitable
synonyms: expected|required|awaited|anticipated|scheduled for
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|adverb
phonetic: djuː
phonetics_text: djuː
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘payable’): from Old French deu ‘owed’, based on Latin debitus ‘owed’, from debere ‘owe’.


word: DUEL
russian_word: дуэль
example: twice he had seriously wounded men in duels
definition: a contest with deadly weapons arranged between two people in order to settle a point of honour.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdjuːəl
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːəl
synonyms:
affair of honour|mano-a-mano|single combat|fight|battle|clash|encounter|confrontation|head-to-head|face-off|shoot-out|field meeting|duello|judicial duel|rencounter|meeting|monomachy

origin:
late 15th century: from Latin duellum, archaic and literary form of bellum ‘war’, used in medieval Latin with the meaning ‘combat between two persons’, partly influenced by dualis ‘of two’. The original sense was ‘single combat used to decide a judicial dispute’; the sense ‘contest to decide a point of honour’ dates from the early 17th century.


word: DUENDE
russian_word: обаяние
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: duːˈɛndeɪ
phonetics_text: duːˈɛndeɪ
definition:
a quality of passion and inspiration.|(in the folklore of Spain, Portugal, Latin America, and the Philippines) a supernatural being or spirit resembling a pixie or imp.

origin:
late 17th century (in duende (sense 2)): from Spanish, contraction of duen de casa, from dueño de casa ‘owner of the house’.


word: DUE TO
russian_word: благодаря
example: his death was not due to any lack of care|he had to withdraw due to a knee injury
definition: caused by or ascribable to.|because of; owing to.
synonyms:
attributable to|caused by|ascribed to|ascribable to|assignable to|because of|put down to|owing to|on account of|as a consequence of|as a result of|thanks to|by reason of|on grounds of|in view of


word: DUFFER
russian_word: тупица
example: a complete duffer at languages
definition: an incompetent or stupid person.|an unproductive mine.
origin: mid 19th century: from Scots dowfart ‘stupid person’, from douf ‘spiritless’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌfə
phonetics_text: ˈdʌfə
synonyms:
bungler|blunderer|incompetent|oaf|dunce|dolt|dunderhead|fool|idiot|booby|stupid person|moron|cretin|imbecile|chump|clot|clod|nitwit|dimwit|airhead|birdbrain|lamebrain|pea-brain|numbskull|thickhead|fathead|blockhead|bonehead|meathead|chucklehead|knucklehead|pinhead|wooden-head|dipstick|dumb-bell|dumbo|dummy|dum-dum|noodle|donkey|nerd|berk|divvy|wally|numpty|wazzock|ass|nit|mug|prat|twerp|twonk|pillock|muppet|balloon|galoot|cuddy|nyaff|doofus|goofball|goof|putz|bozo|boob|lamer|chowderhead|meatball|lummox|dumbhead|dumbass|turkey|clunk|ding-a-ling|palooka|galah|drongo|alec|dingbat|knobhead|asshat


word: DUGONG
russian_word: дюгоней
origin: early 19th century: based on Malay duyong .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːɡɒŋ
phonetics_text: ˈduːɡɒŋ|ˈdjuːɡɒŋ
definition:
a sea cow found on the coasts of the Indian Ocean from eastern Africa to northern Australia. It is distinguished from the manatees by its forked tail.


word: DUIKER
russian_word: дукер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪkə
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪkə
definition:
a small African antelope that typically has a tuft of hair between the horns, found mainly in forests.|a cormorant.

origin:
late 18th century: from South African Dutch, from Dutch, literally ‘diver’, from the antelope's habit of plunging through bushes when pursued; related to duck2.


word: DULCET
russian_word: сладкий
example: record the dulcet tones of your family and friends
definition: (especially of sound) sweet and soothing (often used ironically).
antonyms: harsh
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌlsɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdʌlsɪt
synonyms:
sweet|sweet-sounding|mellifluous|euphonious|soothing|mellow|honeyed|pleasant|agreeable|melodious|melodic|tuneful|musical|lilting|lyrical|harmonious|silvery|silver-toned|bell-like|golden|easy on the ear|mellifluent

origin:
late Middle English doucet, from Old French doucet, diminutive of doux, from Latin dulcis ‘sweet’. The Latin form influenced the modern spelling.


word: DULCIMER
russian_word: цимбалы
origin: late 15th century: from Old French doulcemer, probably from Latin dulce melos ‘sweet melody’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌlsɪmə
phonetics_text: ˈdʌlsɪmə
definition:
a musical instrument with a sounding board or box, typically trapezoid in shape, over which strings of graduated length are stretched, played by plucking or especially by being struck with handheld hammers. The term hammered dulcimer is sometimes used, especially in the US, to distinguish these from plucked instruments such as the Appalachian dulcimer.


word: DULL
russian_word: тупой
antonyms: interesting
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: dʌl
phonetics_text: dʌl
example:
your diet doesn't have to be dull and boring|his face glowed in the dull lamplight|the voice of a teacher talking to a rather dull child

definition:
lacking interest or excitement.|lacking brightness, vividness, or sheen.|(of a person) slow to understand; stupid.

synonyms:
uninteresting|boring|tedious|tiresome|wearisome|dry|dry as dust|flat|bland|characterless|featureless|colourless|monotonous|unexciting|uninspiring|unstimulating|lacking variety|lacking variation|lacking excitement|lacking interest|unimaginative|uneventful|lifeless|soulless|insipid|unoriginal|derivative|commonplace|prosaic|run-of-the-mill|humdrum|unremarkable|banal|lame|plodding|ponderous|pedestrian|dull as dishwater|deadly|no great shakes|not up to much|dreich|dullsville|ornery

origin:
Old English dol  ‘stupid’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dol ‘crazy’ and German toll ‘mad, fantastic, wonderful’.


word: DULLARD
russian_word: тупица
example: he was caricatured as a dupe and a dullard
definition: a slow or stupid person.
origin: Middle English: from Middle Dutch dullaert, from dul ‘dull’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌləd
phonetics_text: ˈdʌləd
synonyms:
idiot|fool|stupid person|simpleton|ignoramus|oaf|dunce|dolt|moron|cretin|imbecile|duffer|nincompoop|booby|dope|chump|nitwit|dimwit|airhead|birdbrain|lamebrain|pea-brain|numbskull|thickhead|fathead|blockhead|bonehead|dunderhead|meathead|muttonhead|wooden-head|dipstick|dumb-bell|noodle|dumbo|dummy|dum-dum|donkey|jerk|wally|berk|divvy|ass|nit|mug|pillock|prat|wazzock|silly billy|doofus|goof|goofball|putz|bozo|boob|dumbhead|dumbass|lamer|lummox|turkey|galah|dingbat|drongo|knobhead|asshat


word: DUMA
russian_word: дума
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈduːmə
phonetics_text: ˈduːmə
definition:
a legislative body in the ruling assembly of Russia and of some other republics of the former Soviet Union.


word: DUMB
russian_word: тупой
antonyms: clever
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: dʌm
phonetics_text: dʌm
example:
they stood dumb while the attacker poured out a stream of abuse|he was born deaf, dumb, and blind|a dumb question

definition:
temporarily unable or unwilling to speak.|(of a person) unable to speak, most typically because of congenital deafness.|stupid.|(of a computer terminal) able only to transmit data to or receive data from a computer; having no independent processing capability.

synonyms:
speechless|tongue-tied|wordless|silent|at a loss for words|voiceless|inarticulate|taciturn|uncommunicative|untalkative|tight-lipped|close-mouthed|saying nothing|mum

origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse dumbr and Gothic dumbs ‘mute’, also to Dutch dom ‘stupid’ and German dumm ‘stupid’.


word: DUMBFOUND
russian_word: ошарашить
example: I was dumbfounded by the low prices there
definition: greatly astonish or amaze.
origin: mid 17th century: blend of dumb and confound.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌmˈfaʊnd
phonetics_text: dʌmˈfaʊnd
synonyms:
astonish|astound|amaze|stagger|surprise|startle|stun|confound|stupefy|daze|nonplus|throw|shake|unnerve|disconcert|discompose|bewilder|take someone's breath away|take by surprise|take aback|shake up|stop someone in their tracks|strike dumb|leave open-mouthed|leave aghast|catch off balance|flabbergast|floor|knock for six|knock sideways|knock out|knock the stuffing out of|bowl over|blow someone's mind|blow away|astonished|astounded|amazed|staggered|surprised|startled|stunned|confounded|nonplussed|stupefied|dazed|dumbstruck|open-mouthed|agape|speechless|at a loss for words|thunderstruck|goggle-eyed|wide-eyed|taken aback|thrown|shaken|unnerved|disconcerted|discomposed|bewildered|flabbergasted|floored|flummoxed|knocked for six|knocked sideways|knocked out|bowled over|blown away|gobsmacked


word: DUMKA
russian_word: думка
origin: late 19th century: via Czech and Polish from Ukrainian.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʊmkə
phonetics_text: ˈdʊmkə
definition:
a piece of Slavic music, originating as a folk ballad or lament, typically melancholy with contrasting lively sections.


word: DUMMY
russian_word: манекен
example: a waxwork dummy|tests using stuffed owls and wooden dummies
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌmi
phonetics_text: ˈdʌmi
definition:
a model or replica of a human being.|an object designed to resemble and serve as a substitute for the real or usual one.|(chiefly in rugby and soccer) a feigned pass or kick intended to deceive an opponent.|a stupid person.|the declarer's partner, whose cards are exposed on the table after the opening lead and played by the declarer.

synonyms:
idiot|fool|halfwit|nincompoop|dunce|dolt|ignoramus|cretin|imbecile|dullard|moron|simpleton|clod|dope|ninny|chump|dimwit|nitwit|goon|dumbo|dum-dum|dumb-bell|loon|jackass|bonehead|fathead|numbskull|blockhead|dunderhead|chucklehead|knucklehead|muttonhead|pudding-head|thickhead|wooden-head|airhead|pinhead|lamebrain|pea-brain|birdbrain|zombie|jerk|nerd|dipstick|donkey|noodle|nit|twit|numpty|clot|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|git|wazzock|ass|divvy|nerk|twerp|twonk|charlie|mug|muppet|nyaff|balloon|sumph|gowk|gobdaw|schmuck|bozo|boob|lamer|turkey|schlepper|chowderhead|dumbhead|goofball|goof|goofus|galoot|dork|lummox|klutz|putz|schlemiel|sap|gink|cluck|clunk|ding-dong|dingbat|wiener|weeny|dip|simp|spud|coot|palooka|poop|squarehead|yo-yo|dingleberry|wing nut|drongo|dill|alec|galah|nong|bogan|poon|boofhead|mompara|tomfool|noddy|clodpole|loggerhead|spoony|mooncalf|knobhead|asshat

origin:
late 16th century: from dumb + -y1. The original sense was ‘a person who cannot speak’, then ‘an imaginary fourth player in whist’ (mid 18th century), whence ‘a substitute for the real thing’ and ‘a model of a human being’ (mid 19th century).


word: DUMP
russian_word: свалка
example: why are you living in a dump like this?
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʌmp
phonetics_text: dʌmp
definition:
a site for depositing rubbish.|an unpleasant or dreary place.|an act of copying stored data to a different location, performed typically as a protection against loss.|an act of defecation.

synonyms:
refuse dump|refuse heap|dumping ground|dustheap|slag heap|midden|dunghill|dung heap|scrapyard|tip|rubbish tip|rubbish dump|rubbish heap|junkyard|nuisance grounds

origin:
Middle English: perhaps from Old Norse; related to Danish dumpe and Norwegian dumpa ‘fall suddenly’ (the original sense in English); in later use partly imitative; compare with thump.


word: DUMPY
russian_word: коренастый
example: the dress made her look dumpy
definition: (of a person) short and stout.
antonyms: tall|slender
origin: mid 18th century: from dumpling + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌmpi
phonetics_text: ˈdʌmpi
synonyms:
short|squat|stubby|plump|stout|chubby|chunky|portly|paunchy|corpulent|fat|bulky|broad|broad in the beam|well covered|well padded|well rounded|tubby|roly-poly|pudgy|porky|podgy|fubsy|zaftig|pursy


word: DUNAM
russian_word: дунамов
origin: from modern Hebrew dûnām or Arabic dūnum, from Turkish dönüm, from dönmek ‘go round’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʊnəm
phonetics_text: ˈdʊnəm
definition:
a measure of land area used in parts of the former Turkish empire, including Israel (where it is equal to about 900 square metres).


word: DUNCE
russian_word: тупица
example: he was baffled by arithmetic and they called him a dunce at school
definition: a person who is slow at learning; a stupid person.
antonyms: genius
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌns
phonetics_text: dʌns
synonyms:
fool|idiot|stupid person|simpleton|halfwit|ignoramus|oaf|dolt|dullard|moron|imbecile|cretin|dummy|dumbo|dumb-bell|dum-dum|clot|thickhead|nitwit|dimwit|dope|duffer|booby|chump|numbskull|nincompoop|bonehead|blockhead|fathead|meathead|airhead|birdbrain|pea-brain|lamebrain|jerk|ninny|donkey|wally|numpty|berk|twerp|twonk|divvy|nit|mug|ass|pillock|wazzock|silly billy|doofus|goof|goofball|schmuck|putz|bozo|boob|dumbhead|dumbass|lamer|lummox|turkey|wing nut|galah|drongo|dingbat|knobhead|asshat

origin:
early 16th century: originally an epithet for a follower of John Duns Scotus (see Duns Scotus, John), whose followers were ridiculed by 16th-century humanists and reformers as enemies of learning.


word: DUNE
russian_word: дюна
example: a sand dune
synonyms: bank|mound|hillock|hummock|rise|knoll|ridge|heap|drift|accumulation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djuːn
phonetics_text: djuːn
definition:
a mound or ridge of sand or other loose sediment formed by the wind, especially on the sea coast or in a desert.

origin:
early 17th century: from Dutch duin, from Middle Dutch dūne, probably ultimately from the same Celtic base as down3.


word: DUNG
russian_word: навоз
definition: the excrement of animals; manure.
synonyms: manure|muck|animal excrement|faeces|droppings|ordure|cowpats|gobar|cow chips|horse apples|shit|crap
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʌŋ
phonetics_text: dʌŋ
origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to German Dung, Swedish dynga, Icelandic dyngja ‘dung, dunghill, heap’, and Danish dynge ‘heap’.


word: DUNGEON
russian_word: темница
definition: a strong underground prison cell, especially in a castle.|archaic term for donjon.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌn(d)ʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdʌn(d)ʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
underground cell|underground prison|oubliette|cell|prison|jail|lock-up|black hole|hole|thieves' hole|bocardo

origin:
Middle English (also with the sense ‘castle keep’): from Old French (perhaps originally with the sense ‘lord's tower’ or ‘mistress tower’), based on Latin dominus ‘lord, master’. Compare with donjon.


word: DUNLIN
russian_word: чернозобик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌnlɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdʌnlɪn
definition:
a migratory sandpiper with a downcurved bill and (in the breeding season) a reddish-brown back and black belly. It is the commonest small wader of the northern hemisphere.

origin:
mid 16th century: probably from dun1 + -ling, from the greyish-brown winter colouring of its upper parts.


word: DUNNAGE
russian_word: подстилка под груз
origin: Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌnɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdʌnɪdʒ
definition:
loose wood, matting, or similar material used to keep a cargo in position in a ship's hold.|a person's belongings, especially those brought on board ship.


word: DUOTONE
russian_word: двухцветный
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdjuːətəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːətəʊn
definition:
a half-tone illustration made from a single original with two different colours at different screen angles.


word: DUPE
russian_word: простофиля
example: the newspaper was duped into publishing an untrue story
definition: deceive; trick.
origin: late 17th century: from dialect French dupe ‘hoopoe’, from the bird's supposedly stupid appearance.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: djuːp
phonetics_text: djuːp
synonyms:
deceive|trick|hoodwink|hoax|swindle|defraud|cheat|double-cross|gull|mislead|take in|fool|delude|misguide|lead on|inveigle|seduce|ensnare|entrap|beguile|con|do|sting|gyp|rip off|diddle|shaft|bilk|rook|bamboozle|finagle|pull someone's leg|pull a fast one on|put one over on|take to the cleaners|swizzle|sell a pup to|sucker|snooker|stiff|euchre|bunco|hornswoggle|pull a swifty on|cozen|sharp|mulct


word: DUPLET
russian_word: дуплет
definition: a set of two things.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdjuːplɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːplɪt
origin:
mid 17th century (as a dicing term in the sense of doublets (see doublet): from Latin duplus ‘duple’, on the pattern of doublet . Current senses date from the 1920s.


word: DUPLICATE
russian_word: дублировать
example: a duplicate set of keys
antonyms: different
synonyms: matching|identical|twin|corresponding|equivalent|matched|paired|twofold|coupled
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
definition:
exactly like something else, especially through having been copied.|having two corresponding or identical parts.

phonetic:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘having two corresponding parts’): from Latin duplicat- ‘doubled’, from the verb duplicare, from duplic- ‘twofold’ (see duplex).


word: DUPLICATION
russian_word: дублирование
example: an attempt to avoid unnecessary duplication of effort
definition: the action or process of duplicating something.
synonyms: copying|duplicating|replicating|replication|photocopying|xeroxing|photostatting|reprinting
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djuːplɪˈkeɪʃn
phonetics_text: djuːplɪˈkeɪʃn
origin:
late Middle English (used in the mathematical sense ‘multiplication by two’): from Old French, or from Latin duplicatio(n- ), from duplicare ‘to double’ (see duplicate).


word: DUPLICITY
russian_word: двуличность
example: he was accused of duplicity and branded a traitor
definition: deceitfulness.|the state of being double.
antonyms: honesty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djuːˈplɪsɪti
phonetics_text: djuːˈplɪsɪti
synonyms:
deceitfulness|deceit|deception|deviousness|two-facedness|double-dealing|underhandedness|dishonesty|falseness|falsity|fraud|fraudulence|sharp practice|swindling|cheating|chicanery|trickery|craft|guile|artifice|subterfuge|skulduggery|treachery|unfairness|unjustness|perfidy|improbity|crookedness|shadiness|foxiness|dirty tricks|shenanigans|monkey business|funny business|hanky-panky|jiggery-pokery|monkeyshines|codology|knavery|knavishness|management

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French duplicite or late Latin duplicitas, from Latin duplic- ‘twofold’ (see duplex).


word: DURABILITY
russian_word: долговечность
example: the reliability and durability of plastics
definition: the ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage.
antonyms: fragility
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʒɔːrəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: dʒɔːrəˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
imperishability|permanence|longevity|ability to last|lastingness|resilience|strength|sturdiness|toughness|robustness|soundness|durableness


word: DURABLE
russian_word: прочный
example: porcelain enamel is strong and durable
definition: able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.
antonyms: flimsy|delicate|short-lived
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdjʊərəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdjʊərəb(ə)l
synonyms:
long-lasting|hard-wearing|heavy-duty|tough|resistant|strong|sturdy|stout|sound|substantial|imperishable|indestructible|made to last|well made|strongly made|lasting|long-lived|long-term|enduring|persisting|persistent|abiding|continuing|constant|stable|secure|fast|firm|fixed|deep-rooted|permanent|unfading|undying|everlasting

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘steadfast’): via Old French from Latin durabilis, from durare ‘to last’ (see duration).


word: DURALUMIN
russian_word: дюралюминий
definition: a hard, light alloy of aluminium with copper and other elements.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djʊˈraljʊmɪn
phonetics_text: djʊˈraljʊmɪn
origin:
early 20th century: perhaps from Latin durus ‘hard’ + aluminium, but probably influenced by Düren, the name of the Rhineland town where such alloys were first produced.


word: DURATION
russian_word: продолжительность
example: bicycle hire for the duration of your holiday
definition: the time during which something continues.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djʊˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: djʊˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
full length|length of time|time|time span|time scale|period|term|span|spell|stretch|fullness|length|extent|continuation|continuance|perpetuation|prolongation

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin duratio(n- ), from durare ‘to last’, from durus ‘hard’.


word: DURESS
russian_word: принуждение
example: confessions extracted under duress
antonyms: free will
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: djʊ(ə)ˈrɛs
phonetics_text: djʊ(ə)ˈrɛs|ˈdjʊərɛs
definition:
threats, violence, constraints, or other action used to coerce someone into doing something against their will or better judgement.

synonyms:
coercion|compulsion|force|pressure|pressurization|intimidation|threats|constraint|enforcement|exaction|arm-twisting

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘harshness, severity, cruel treatment’): via Old French from Latin duritia, from durus ‘hard’.


word: DURIAN
russian_word: дуриан
origin: late 16th century: from Malay durian, from duri ‘thorn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʊərɪən
phonetics_text: ˈdʊərɪən
definition:
a spiny oval tropical fruit containing a creamy pulp. Despite its fetid smell it is highly valued for its flavour.|the large tree that bears the durian, native to Malaysia.


word: DURING
russian_word: во время
example: the restaurant is open during the day
definition: throughout the course or duration of (a period of time).
synonyms: throughout|through|in|in the course of|throughout the time of|for the time of|in the time of
part_of_speech: preposition
phonetic: ˈdjʊərɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdjʊərɪŋ
origin:
late Middle English: present participle of the obsolete verb dure ‘last, endure, extend’, via Old French from Latin durare ‘to last’ (see duration).


word: DUROC
russian_word: дюрок
definition: a pig of a reddish breed developed in North America.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdjʊərɒk
phonetics_text: ˈdjʊərɒk
origin:
early 19th century: from the name of a stallion that is said to have been bought by the breeder Isaac Frink on the same day as the pigs from which he developed the breed.


word: DUSK
russian_word: сумерки
example: dusk was falling rapidly
definition: the darker stage of twilight.
antonyms: dawn|daylight
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: dʌsk
phonetics_text: dʌsk
synonyms:
twilight|nightfall|sunset|sundown|evening|close of day|dark|darkness|semi-darkness|gathering darkness|gloom|gloominess|murk|murkiness|shades of evening|gloaming|eventide|eve|even|evenfall|tenebrosity|owl light|crepuscule

origin:
Old English dox  ‘dark, swarthy’ and doxian ‘darken in colour’, of Germanic origin; related to Old High German tusin ‘darkish’; compare with dun1 The noun dates from the early 17th century The change in form from -x to -sk occurred in Middle English.


word: DUST
russian_word: пыль
example: the car sent up clouds of dust|a quick dust, to get rid of the cobwebs
synonyms: fine powder|fine particles|dirt|grime|filth|smut|soot
origin: Old English dūst, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch duist ‘chaff’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʌst
phonetics_text: dʌst
definition:
fine, dry powder consisting of tiny particles of earth or waste matter lying on the ground or on surfaces or carried in the air.|an act of dusting.


word: DUST JACKET
russian_word: суперобложка
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a removable paper cover, generally with a decorative design, used to protect a book from dirt or damage.


word: DUSTY
russian_word: пыльный
example: dusty old records
definition: covered with, full of, or resembling dust.
antonyms: clean|dust-free
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌsti
phonetics_text: ˈdʌsti
synonyms:
dirty|grimy|grubby|unclean|soiled|begrimed|befouled|mucky|sooty|stained|smudged|spotty|dust-covered|dust-filled|undusted|grungy|cruddy|manky|grotty|gungy|scungy|besmirched|powdery|crumbly|chalky|friable|granulated|granular|gritty|sandy


word: DUTIFUL
russian_word: покорный
example: a dutiful daughter
definition: conscientiously or obediently fulfilling one's duty.
antonyms: remiss|disrespectful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdjuːtɪfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːtɪfʊl|ˈdjuːtɪf(ə)l
synonyms:
conscientious|responsible|dedicated|devoted|faithful|loyal|attentive|obedient|compliant|pliant|docile|submissive|biddable|deferential|reverent|reverential|respectful|good|well disciplined|well trained|decent|regardful


word: DUTY
russian_word: долг
example: it's my duty to uphold the law|the queen's official duties|a 6 per cent duty on imports
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French duete, from Old French deu (see due).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdjuːti
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːti
definition:
a moral or legal obligation; a responsibility.|a task or action that one is required to perform as part of one's job.|a payment levied on the import, export, manufacture, or sale of goods.|the measure of an engine's effectiveness in units of work done per unit of fuel.

synonyms:
responsibility|obligation|commitment|obedience|allegiance|loyalty|faithfulness|fidelity|respect|deference|reverence|homage|fealty


word: DUX
russian_word: вождь
definition: the top pupil in a school or class.|a Saxon chief or leader.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌks
phonetics_text: dʌks
origin:
mid 18th century (denoting the leading voice or instrument in a fugue or canon): from Latin, ‘leader’.


word: DWALE
russian_word: белладонна
definition: deadly nightshade or belladonna.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dweɪl
phonetics_text: dweɪl
origin:
Middle English: probably of Scandinavian origin and related to Danish dvale ‘deep sleep, stupor’, dvaledrik ‘sleeping draught’.


word: DWARF
russian_word: карлик
antonyms: giant
synonyms: gnome|goblin|hobgoblin|troll|imp|elf|brownie|kelpie|leprechaun|fairy|pixie|sprite
origin: Old English dweorg, dweorh, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dwerg and German Zwerg .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: dwɔːf
phonetics_text: dwɔːf
definition:
(in folklore or fantasy literature) a member of a mythical race of short, stocky humanlike creatures who are generally skilled in mining and metalworking.|a person who is of unusually short stature on account of a genetic or medical condition such as achondroplasia; a person affected by dwarfism.|a star of relatively small size and low luminosity, including the majority of main sequence stars.


word: DWELL
russian_word: жить
example: groups of people still dwell in these caves
definition: live in or at a specified place.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dwɛl
phonetics_text: dwɛl
synonyms:
reside|live|have one's home|have one's residence|be settled|be housed|lodge|stay|hang out|hang one's hat|put up|abide|be domiciled|sojourn|bide

origin:
Old English dwellan  ‘lead astray, hinder, delay’ (in Middle English ‘tarry, remain in a place’), of Germanic origin; related to Middle Dutch dwellen ‘stun, perplex’ and Old Norse dvelja ‘delay, tarry, stay’.


word: DWELLING
russian_word: жилье
example: the proposed dwelling is out of keeping with those nearby
definition: a house, flat, or other place of residence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdwɛlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdwɛlɪŋ
synonyms:
residence|place of residence|place of habitation|home|house|accommodation|lodging place|billet|lodgings|quarters|rooms|place|pad|digs|dwelling place|dwelling house|abode|domicile|habitation


word: DWELL ON
russian_word: подробно останавливаться
example: I've got better things to do than dwell on the past
definition:
think, speak, or write at length about a particular subject, especially one that is a source of unhappiness, anxiety, or dissatisfaction.

synonyms:
linger over|mull over|muse on|brood about|brood over|think about|spend time thinking about|be preoccupied by|be obsessed by|eat one's heart out over|harp on about|discuss at length|expatiate on|elaborate on|expound on|keep talking about


word: DWINDLE
russian_word: сокращаться
example: traffic has dwindled to a trickle
definition: diminish gradually in size, amount, or strength.
antonyms: increase|flourish
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdwɪnd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdwɪnd(ə)l
synonyms:
diminish|decrease|reduce|get smaller|become smaller|grow smaller|become less|grow less|lessen|wane|contract|shrink|fall off|taper off|tail off|drop|fall|go down|sink|slump|plummet|disappear|vanish|die out|nosedive|take a nosedive|decline|degenerate|deteriorate|fail|ebb|slip|slide|go downhill|go to rack and ruin|decay|wither|fade|fade away|peter out|go to pot|go to the dogs|hit the skids|go down the toilet|go down the tubes|go to the pack

origin:
late 16th century: frequentative of Scots and dialect dwine ‘fade away’, from Old English dwīnan, of Germanic origin; related to Middle Dutch dwīnen and Old Norse dvína .


word: DYE
russian_word: краситель
example: blonde hair dye
definition: a natural or synthetic substance used to add a colour to or change the colour of something.
synonyms: colourant|colouring agent|colouring|colour|dyestuff|pigment|tint|stain|wash
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʌɪ
phonetics_text: dʌɪ
origin:
Old English dēag (noun), dēagian (verb). The noun is not recorded from Old English to the late 16th century, when it was re-formed from the verb.


word: DYING
russian_word: смерть
example: he visited his dying mother
definition: on the point of death.
origin: late 16th century: present participle of die1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌɪɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪɪŋ
synonyms:
terminally ill|at death's door|on one's deathbed|in the jaws of death|on the point of death|near death|passing away|fading fast|sinking fast|expiring|moribund|breathing one's last|not long for this world|in extremis|on one's last legs|with one foot in the grave|giving up the ghost


word: DYNAMIC
russian_word: динамический
example: a dynamic economy|a dynamic young advertising executive
antonyms: half-hearted|lethargic
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈnamɪk
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈnamɪk
definition:
(of a process or system) characterized by constant change, activity, or progress.|(of a person) positive in attitude and full of energy and new ideas.|relating to the volume of sound produced by an instrument, voice, or recording.|(of a memory device) needing to be refreshed by the periodic application of a voltage.

synonyms:
energetic|spirited|active|lively|zestful|vital|vigorous|strong|forceful|powerful|potent|positive|effective|effectual|high-powered|aggressive|driving|pushing|bold|enterprising|electric|magnetic|flamboyant|passionate|fiery|go-getting|zippy|peppy|sparky|high-octane|full of get-up-and-go|full of vim and vigour|full of beans|gutsy|spunky|ballsy|feisty|have-a-go|go-ahead|go-go

origin:
early 19th century (as a term in physics): from French dynamique, from Greek dunamikos, from dunamis ‘power’.


word: DYNAMICALLY
russian_word: динамично
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dʌɪˈnamɪkli
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈnamɪkli
example:
this situation can change dynamically on the timescale of minutes|innovative openings were often dynamically charged|the stereo mix is clearer and more dynamically sound

definition:
in a manner characterized by constant change, activity, or progress.|in a positive, energetic, and innovative manner.|in a way that relates to the volume of sound produced by an instrument, voice, or recording.


word: DYNAMISM
russian_word: динамизм
example: the dynamism and strength of the economy
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek dunamis ‘power’ + -ism.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪnəmɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪnəmɪz(ə)m
definition:
the quality of being characterized by vigorous activity and progress.|the theory that phenomena of matter or mind are due to the action of forces rather than to motion or matter.


word: DYNAMOMETER
russian_word: динамометр
definition: an instrument which measures the power output of an engine.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪnəˈmɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪnəˈmɒmɪtə
origin:
early 19th century: from French dynamomètre, from Greek dunamis ‘power’ + French -mètre ‘(instrument) measuring’.


word: DYNASTY
russian_word: династия
example: the Tang dynasty
definition: a line of hereditary rulers of a country.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪnəsti
phonetics_text: ˈdɪnəsti
synonyms:
bloodline|line|ancestral line|lineage|house|family|ancestry|descent|extraction|succession|genealogy|family tree|regime|rule|reign|dominion|empire|sovereignty|ascendancy|government|authority|administration|jurisdiction

origin:
late Middle English: from French dynastie, or via late Latin from Greek dunasteia ‘lordship, power’, from dunastēs (see dynast).


word: DYNE
russian_word: дина
origin: late 19th century: from French, from Greek dunamis ‘force, power’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪn
phonetics_text: dʌɪn
definition:
a unit of force that, acting on a mass of one gram, increases its velocity by one centimetre per second every second along the direction that it acts.


word: DYNODE
russian_word: динод
origin: 1930s: from Greek dunamis ‘power’ + -ode2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪnəʊd
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪnəʊd
definition:
an intermediate electrode which emits additional electrons in a photomultiplier or similar amplifying device.


word: DYSAESTHESIA
russian_word: дизестезия
definition: an abnormal unpleasant sensation felt when touched, caused by damage to peripheral nerves.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsɪsˈθiːzɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsɪsˈθiːzɪə
origin:
early 18th century: modern Latin, from Greek dusaisthēsia, from dys- ‘bad’ + aisthēsis ‘sensation’ + -ia1.


word: DYSCRASIA
russian_word: дискразия
example: various blood dyscrasias
definition: an abnormal or disordered state of the body or of a bodily part.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkreɪzɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkreɪzɪə
origin:
late Middle English (denoting an imbalance of physical qualities): via late Latin from Greek duskrasia ‘bad combination’, from dus- ‘bad’ + krasis ‘mixture’.


word: DYSGENIC
russian_word: дисгенными
example: dysgenic breeding
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈdʒɛnɪk
phonetics_text: dɪsˈdʒɛnɪk
definition:
exerting a detrimental effect on later generations through the inheritance of undesirable characteristics.


word: DYSLALIA
russian_word: дислалия
origin: mid 19th century: from dys- ‘difficult’ + Greek lalia ‘speech’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈleɪlɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈleɪlɪə
definition:
inability to articulate comprehensible speech, especially when associated with the use of private words or sounds.


word: DYSLEXIA
russian_word: дислексия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈlɛksɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈlɛksɪə
definition:
a general term for disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but that do not affect general intelligence.

origin:
late 19th century: coined in German from dys- ‘difficult’ + Greek lexis ‘speech’ (apparently by confusion of Greek legein ‘to speak’ and Latin legere ‘to read’).


word: DYSPEPTIC
russian_word: диспептический
definition: having indigestion or a consequent air of irritable bad temper.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈpɛptɪk
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpɛptɪk
synonyms:
bad-tempered|short-tempered|irritable|snappish|testy|tetchy|touchy|crabbed|crabby|crotchety|grouchy|cantankerous|peevish|cross|fractious|disagreeable|pettish|waspish|prickly|peppery|cross-grained|bilious|liverish|snappy|chippy|on a short fuse|short-fused|shirty|stroppy|narky|ratty|eggy|like a bear with a sore head|cranky|ornery|peckish|soreheaded|snaky|waxy|miffy


word: DYSPHASIA
russian_word: дисфазия
origin: late 19th century: from Greek dusphatos ‘hard to utter’, from dus- ‘difficult’ + phatos ‘spoken’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈfeɪzɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈfeɪzɪə
definition:
language disorder marked by deficiency in the generation of speech, and sometimes also in its comprehension, due to brain disease or damage.


word: DYSPLASIA
russian_word: дисплазия
example: a procedure to treat cervical dysplasia
origin: 1930s: from dys- ‘bad’ + Greek plasis ‘formation’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈpleɪzɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpleɪzɪə
definition:
the presence of cells of an abnormal type within a tissue, which may signify a stage preceding the development of cancer.


word: DYSPRAXIA
russian_word: диспраксия
origin: early 20th century: from Greek dus- ‘bad or difficult’ + praxis ‘action’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈpraksɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈpraksɪə
definition:
a developmental disorder of the brain in childhood causing difficulty in activities requiring coordination and movement.


word: DYSTOCIA
russian_word: затрудненные роды
example: the incidence of dystocia or difficult calvings
origin: early 18th century: from Greek dustokia, from dus- ‘difficult’ + tokos ‘childbirth’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈtəʊʃə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈtəʊʃə
definition:
difficult birth, typically caused by a large or awkwardly positioned fetus, by smallness of the maternal pelvis, or by failure of the uterus and cervix to contract and expand normally.


word: DYSTONIA
russian_word: дистония
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈtəʊnɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈtəʊnɪə
definition:
a state of abnormal muscle tone resulting in muscular spasm and abnormal posture, typically due to neurological disease or a side effect of drug therapy.


word: DYSTROPHIC
russian_word: дистрофический
origin: late 19th century: from Greek dus- ‘bad’ + -trophia ‘nourishment’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈtrəʊfɪk
phonetics_text: dɪsˈtrəʊfɪk|dɪsˈtrɒfɪk
definition:
affected by or relating to dystrophy, especially muscular dystrophy.|(of a lake) having brown acidic water that is low in oxygen and supports little life, owing to high levels of dissolved humus.


word: E
russian_word: ми
part_of_speech: symbol
phonetic: iː
phonetics_text: iː
definition:
euro or euros.|an electron.|the transcendental number that is the base of Napierian or natural logarithms, approximately equal to 2.71828.


word: EACH
russian_word: каждый
example: each battery is in a separate compartment
definition: used to refer to every one of two or more people or things, regarded and identified separately.
synonyms: every one|each one|each and every one|one and all|all|the whole lot
part_of_speech: determiner|pronoun|adverb
phonetic: iːtʃ
phonetics_text: iːtʃ
origin:
Old English ǣlc ; related to Dutch elk and German jeglich, based on a West Germanic phrase meaning ‘ever alike’ (see aye2, alike).


word: EAGER
russian_word: нетерпеливый
example: the man was eager to please
definition: strongly wanting to do or have something.
antonyms: uninterested
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈiːɡə
phonetics_text: ˈiːɡə
synonyms:
anxious|impatient|waiting with bated breath|longing|yearning|aching|wishing|hoping|hopeful|thirsty|hungry|greedy|desirous of|hankering after|intent on|bent on|set on|on the edge of one's seat|on pins and needles|on tenterhooks|hot|itching|gagging|dying

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘pungent, sour’): from Old French aigre ‘keen’, from Latin acer, acr- ‘sharp, pungent’.


word: EAGERNESS
russian_word: рвение
example: the player showed eagerness to play
definition: enthusiasm to do or to have something; keenness.
antonyms: apathy|indifference
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːɡənəs
phonetics_text: ˈiːɡənəs
synonyms:
keenness|enthusiasm|avidity|fervour|ardour|zest|zeal|passion|wholeheartedness|earnestness|commitment|dedication|impatience|desire|longing|yearning|wishing|thirst|hunger|greed|voracity|voraciousness|appetite|ambition|yen|appetency|fervency|ardency|passionateness


word: EAR
russian_word: ухо
synonyms: organ of hearing|lug|earhole|lughole|shell-like
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪə
phonetics_text: ɪə
definition:
the organ of hearing and balance in humans and other vertebrates, especially the external part of this.

origin:
Old English ēare, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch oor and German Ohr, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin auris and Greek ous .


word: EARLY
russian_word: рано
example: we ate an early lunch|an early goal secured victory
antonyms: overdue
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ˈəːli
phonetics_text: ˈəːli
definition:
happening or done before the usual or expected time.|belonging or happening near the beginning of a particular period.

synonyms:
untimely|premature|too soon|too early|before time|unseasonable|prompt|timely|quick|speedy|rapid|fast|without delay|expeditious|rathe

origin:
Old English (as an adverb) ǣrlīce (see ere, -ly2), influenced by Old Norse árliga . The adjective use dates from Middle English.


word: EARMARK
russian_word: клеймо
example: the cash had been earmarked for a big expansion of the programme
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɪəmɑːk
phonetics_text: ˈɪəmɑːk
definition:
designate (funds or resources) for a particular purpose.|mark the ear of (a domesticated animal) as a sign of ownership or identity.

synonyms:
set aside|lay aside|set apart|keep back|appropriate|reserve|keep|designate|assign|label|tag|mark|allocate to|allot to|devote to|pledge to|commit to|give over to|hypothecate


word: EARMUFFS
russian_word: теплые наушники
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪəmʌfs
phonetics_text: ˈɪəmʌfs
definition:
a pair of soft fabric coverings, connected by a band across the top of the head, that are worn over the ears to protect them from cold or noise.


word: EARN
russian_word: зарабатывать
example: I earned £10 an hour working in the shop
definition: obtain (money) in return for labour or services.
antonyms: pay out
origin: Old English earnian, of West Germanic origin, from a base shared by Old English esne ‘labourer’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: əːn
phonetics_text: əːn
synonyms:
be paid|receive a salary of|take home|take home earnings of|gross|receive|get|make|obtain|draw|clear|collect|bring in|pocket|bank|rake in|pull in|haul in|net|bag


word: EARNEST
russian_word: серьезность
example: an earnest student
definition: resulting from or showing sincere and intense conviction.
antonyms: frivolous|apathetic|half-hearted
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːnɪst
phonetics_text: ˈəːnɪst
synonyms:
serious|serious-minded|solemn|grave|sober|humourless|staid|steady|intense|committed|dedicated|assiduous|keen|diligent|zealous|industrious|hard-working|studious|thoughtful|cerebral|deep|profound|bookish|donnish|devout|heartfelt|wholehearted|sincere|impassioned|deeply felt|from the heart|full-hearted|fervent|fervid|ardent|passionate|burning|urgent|passional|perfervid

origin:
Old English eornoste (adjective), eornost (noun), of Germanic origin; related to German Ernst (noun).


word: EARNESTLY
russian_word: серьезно
example: they earnestly hope to come back in the summer
definition: with sincere and intense conviction; seriously.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈəːnɪstli
phonetics_text: ˈəːnɪstli
synonyms:
seriously|solemnly|gravely|soberly|sincerely|intently|resolutely|firmly|ardently|fervently|warmly|keenly|eagerly|intensely|zealously


word: EARNINGS
russian_word: прибыль
example: he claimed damages for loss of earnings
definition: money obtained in return for labour or services.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːnɪŋz
phonetics_text: ˈəːnɪŋz
synonyms:
income|wages|salary|stipend|pay|take-home pay|gross pay|net pay|revenue|yield|profit|takings|proceeds|dividends|gain|return|remuneration|emolument|payment|fees|honoraria|fringe benefits|pickings|perks


word: EARPHONE
russian_word: наушник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪəfəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈɪəfəʊn
definition:
an electrical device worn on the ear to receive radio or telephone communications or to listen to a radio, MP3 player, etc.


word: EARPIECE
russian_word: наушник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪəpiːs
phonetics_text: ˈɪəpiːs
definition:
the part of a phone, radio receiver, or other aural device that is applied to the ear during use.|the part of a pair of glasses that fits around the ear.


word: EARPLUG
russian_word: затычка для ушей
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪəplʌɡ
phonetics_text: ˈɪəplʌɡ
definition:
a piece of wax, rubber, or cotton wool placed in the ear as protection against noise, water, or cold air.


word: EARTH
russian_word: земля
synonyms: world|globe|planet|sphere|orb
origin: Old English eorthe, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch aarde and German Erde .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: əːθ
phonetics_text: əːθ
example:
the diversity of life on earth|a layer of earth|ensure metal fittings are electrically bonded to earth

definition:
the planet on which we live; the world.|the substance of the land surface; soil.|electrical connection to the ground, regarded as having zero electrical potential.|the underground den or home of a badger or fox.


word: EARTHENWARE
russian_word: фаянс
example: an earthenware jug
synonyms: pottery|crockery|stoneware|china|porcelain|pots|crocks
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːθ(ə)nwɛː
phonetics_text: ˈəːθ(ə)nwɛː
definition:
pottery made of clay fired to a porous state which can be made impervious to liquids by the use of a glaze.


word: EARTHLY
russian_word: земной
definition: relating to the earth or human life.|used for emphasis.
antonyms: extraterrestrial
synonyms: terrestrial|telluric|tellurian|terrene|subastral
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːθli
phonetics_text: ˈəːθli
example:
water is liquid at normal earthly temperatures|there was no earthly reason why she should not come too


word: EARTHQUAKE
russian_word: землетрясение
synonyms: earth tremor|tremor|convulsion|shock|foreshock|aftershock|quake|shake|trembler|microseism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːθkweɪk
phonetics_text: ˈəːθkweɪk
definition:
a sudden violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.


word: EARTHWORM
russian_word: дождевой червь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːθwəːm
phonetics_text: ˈəːθwəːm
definition:
a burrowing annelid worm that lives in the soil, important in aerating and draining the soil and in burying organic matter.


word: EARTHY
russian_word: землистый
example: an earthy smell|their good-natured vulgarity and earthy humour
antonyms: decorous|proper|prim
synonyms: soil-like|dirtlike
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːθi
phonetics_text: ˈəːθi
definition:
resembling or suggestive of earth or soil.|(of a person or their language) direct and uninhibited, especially about sexual subjects or bodily functions.


word: EARWIG
russian_word: уховертка
definition: a small elongated insect with a pair of terminal appendages that resemble pincers.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɪəwɪɡ
phonetics_text: ˈɪəwɪɡ
origin:
Old English ēarwicga, from ēare  ‘ear’ + wicga ‘earwig’ (probably related to wiggle ); the insect was once thought to crawl into the human ear.


word: EASE
russian_word: легкость
example: she gave up smoking with ease
definition: absence of difficulty or effort.
antonyms: difficulty
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: iːz
phonetics_text: iːz
synonyms:
effortlessness|no difficulty|no trouble|no bother|facility|facileness|simplicity|deftness|adroitness|dexterity|proficiency|mastery

origin:
Middle English: from Old French aise, based on Latin adjacens ‘lying close by’, present participle of adjacere . The verb is originally from Old French aisier, from the phrase a aise ‘at ease’; in later use from the noun.


word: EASILY
russian_word: легко
example: he climbed the mountain easily|he was easily the bravest man I've ever met
definition: without difficulty or effort.|without doubt; by far.
antonyms: laboriously
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈiːzɪli
phonetics_text: ˈiːzɪli
synonyms:
effortlessly|comfortably|simply|straightforwardly|with ease|without effort|with no trouble|with no bother|without difficulty|without a hitch|smoothly|on cruise control|skilfully|deftly|nimbly|smartly|very well|no sweat


word: EAST
russian_word: восток
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|adverb
phonetic: iːst
phonetics_text: iːst
example:
a gale was blowing from the east|a factory in the east of the city|East passes and you respond one heart

definition:
the direction towards the point of the horizon where the sun rises at the equinoxes, on the right-hand side of a person facing north, or the point on the horizon itself.|the eastern part of the world or of a specified country, region, or town.|the player sitting to the left of North and partnering West.

origin:
Old English ēast-, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch oost and German ost, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin aurora, Greek auōs ‘dawn’.


word: EASTER
russian_word: пасхальный
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːstə
phonetics_text: ˈiːstə
definition:
the most important and oldest festival of the Christian Church, celebrating the resurrection of Christ and held (in the Western Church) between 21 March and 25 April, on the first Sunday after the first full moon following the northern spring equinox.

origin:
Old English ēastre ; of Germanic origin and related to German Ostern and east; perhaps from Ēastre, the name of a goddess associated with spring.


word: EASY
russian_word: легко
antonyms: difficult
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|exclamation
phonetic: ˈiːzi
phonetics_text: ˈiːzi
example:
an easy way of retrieving information|promises of an easy life in the New World|as a taxi driver he was an easy target

definition:
achieved without great effort; presenting few difficulties.|(of a period of time or way of life) free from worries or problems.|(of an object of attack or criticism) having no defence; vulnerable.

synonyms:
uncomplicated|not difficult|undemanding|unexacting|unchallenging|effortless|painless|trouble-free|facile|simple|straightforward|elementary|idiot-proof|plain sailing|easy-peasy|easy as pie|as easy as falling off a log|as easy as ABC|a piece of cake|child's play|kids' stuff|a cinch|no sweat|a doddle|a breeze|a pushover|money for old rope|money for jam|duck soup|a snap|easy-breezy|a bludge|a piece of old tackle|a snip|a piece of piss

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘comfortable, tranquil’): from Old French aisie, past participle of aisier ‘put at ease, facilitate’ (see ease).


word: EAT
russian_word: есть
example: he was eating a hot dog
definition: put (food) into the mouth and chew and swallow it.|perform fellatio or cunnilingus on (someone).
antonyms: starve|fast
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: iːt
phonetics_text: iːt
synonyms:
consume|devour|ingest|partake of|gobble (up/down)|gulp (down)|bolt (down)|wolf (down)|cram down|finish (off)|swallow|chew|munch|chomp|champ|guzzle|nosh|put away|pack away|tuck into|tuck away|scoff (down)|demolish|dispose of|make short work of|polish off|shovel down|get stuck into|stuff one's face with|stuff down|pig out on|sink|get outside of|gollop|shift|get one's laughing gear round|scarf (down/up)|snarf (down/up)|inhale|ingurgitate

origin:
Old English etan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch eten and German essen, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin edere and Greek edein .


word: EAT AWAY
russian_word: разъедать
example: the bacteria produce an acid that eats away the enamel coating that protects teeth
definition: wear something away; gradually erode something.
synonyms:
erode|corrode|abrade|wear away (at)|wear down|wear through|gnaw away (at)|bite into|burn into|burn through|consume|dissolve|disintegrate|crumble|waste away|rot|decay|damage|destroy|spoil


word: EAT UP
russian_word: съедать
example:
if you don't eat up your carrots, you won't get dessert|the operating system eats up 200Mb of disk space|he sits thinking about everything that could go wrong and it just eats him up

definition:
eat all of something.|use resources or time in very large quantities.|dominate the thoughts of someone completely.


word: EAVESDROP
russian_word: подслушивать
example: my father eavesdropped on my phone calls
definition: secretly listen to a conversation.
synonyms: listen in|spy|intrude|monitor|tap|wiretap|record|overhear|snoop|bug|earwig|stickybeak
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈiːvzdrɒp
phonetics_text: ˈiːvzdrɒp
origin:
early 17th century: back-formation from eavesdropper  (late Middle English)‘a person who listens from under the eaves’, from the obsolete noun eavesdrop  ‘the ground on to which water drips from the eaves’, probably from Old Norse upsardropi, from ups ‘eaves’ + dropi ‘a drop’.


word: EBB
russian_word: отлив
example: the tide was on the ebb
definition: the movement of the tide out to sea.
synonyms: receding|going out|flowing back|retreat|retreating|drawing back|abating|subsiding|retrocession
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɛb
phonetics_text: ɛb
origin:
Old English ebba (noun), ebbian (verb), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ebbe (noun), ebben (verb), and ultimately to of which had the primary sense ‘away from’.


word: EBONY
russian_word: черное дерево
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛbəni
phonetics_text: ˈɛbəni
definition:
heavy blackish or very dark brown timber from a mainly tropical tree.|a tree of tropical and warm-temperate regions which produces ebony.

origin:
late Middle English: from earlier ebon (via Old French and Latin from Greek ebenos ‘ebony tree’), perhaps on the pattern of ivory .


word: EBULLIENCE
russian_word: кипение
example: the ebullience of happy children
definition: the quality of being cheerful and full of energy; exuberance.
antonyms: depression
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈbʊlɪəns
phonetics_text: ɪˈbʊlɪəns
synonyms:
exuberance|buoyancy|cheerfulness|joy|joyfulness|gladness|cheeriness|merriment|jollity|sunniness|breeziness|jauntiness|light-heartedness|high spirits|high-spiritedness|exhilaration|elation|euphoria|jubilation|animation|sparkle|effervescence|vivacity|enthusiasm|zest|irrepressibility|perkiness|bubbliness|chirpiness|bounciness|pep|zing|zip|fizz|good cheer


word: EBULLIENT
russian_word: кипучий
example: she sounded ebullient and happy|misted and ebullient seas
definition: cheerful and full of energy.|(of liquid or matter) boiling or agitated as if boiling.
antonyms: depressed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈbʌljənt
phonetics_text: ɪˈbʌljənt|ɪˈbʊljənt
synonyms:
exuberant|buoyant|cheerful|joyful|cheery|merry|sunny|breezy|jaunty|light-hearted|in high spirits|high-spirited|exhilarated|elated|euphoric|jubilant|animated|sparkling|effervescent|vivacious|enthusiastic|irrepressible|bubbly|bouncy|peppy|zingy|upbeat|chipper|chirpy|smiley|sparky|full of beans|peart|gladsome|blithe|blithesome|gay|as merry as a grig|of good cheer

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘boiling’): from Latin ebullient- ‘boiling up’, from the verb ebullire, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + bullire ‘to boil’.


word: ECCENTRIC
russian_word: эксцентричный
example: he noted her eccentric appearance|a servo driving an eccentric cam
antonyms: ordinary|conventional
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛntrɪk
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛntrɪk|ɛkˈsɛntrɪk
definition:
(of a person or their behaviour) unconventional and slightly strange.|not placed centrally or not having its axis or other part placed centrally.

synonyms:
unconventional|uncommon|abnormal|irregular|aberrant|anomalous|odd|queer|strange|peculiar|weird|bizarre|off-centre|outlandish|freakish|extraordinary|idiosyncratic|quirky|singular|nonconformist|capricious|whimsical|outré|avant garde|way out|far out|offbeat|nutty|screwy|freaky|oddball|wacky|cranky|off the wall|madcap|zany|rum|dotty|kooky|wacko|bizarro|in left field

origin:
late Middle English (as a noun denoting a circle or orbit not having the earth precisely at its centre): via late Latin from Greek ekkentros, from ek ‘out of’ + kentron ‘centre’.


word: ECCHYMOSIS
russian_word: экхимоз
example: there are signs of ecchymosis
definition: a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkɪˈməʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛkɪˈməʊsɪs
origin:
mid 16th century: modern Latin, from Greek ekkhumōsis ‘escape of blood’, from ekkhumonathai ‘force out blood’.


word: ECCLESIAL
russian_word: церковная
example: the modernization of ecclesial buildings
definition: relating to or constituting a Church or denomination.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈkliːzɪəl
phonetics_text: ɪˈkliːzɪəl
origin:
mid 17th century (rare before the 1960s): via Old French from Greek ekklēsia ‘assembly, church’ (see ecclesiastic).


word: ECCLESIASTIC
russian_word: священнослужитель
definition: a priest or member of the clergy.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪˌkliːzɪˈastɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˌkliːzɪˈastɪk
synonyms:
clergyman|clergywoman|priest|churchman|churchwoman|man/woman of the cloth|man/woman of God|cleric|minister|preacher|chaplain|father|divine|theologian|bishop|pastor|vicar|rector|parson|(assistant) curate|deacon|deaconess|kirkman|abbé|curé|dominie|reverend|padre|Holy Joe|sky pilot|josser|Bible-basher|God-botherer

origin:
late Middle English: from French ecclésiastique, or via late Latin from Greek ekklēsiastikos, from ekklēsiastēs ‘member of an assembly’, from ekklēsia ‘assembly, church’, based on ekkalein ‘summon out’.


word: ECCLESIASTICAL
russian_word: церковный
example: the ecclesiastical hierarchy
definition: relating to the Christian Church or its clergy.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˌkliːzɪˈastɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˌkliːzɪˈastɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
priestly|ministerial|clerical|ecclesiastic|prelatic|canonical|parsonical|pastoral|church|churchly|religious|spiritual|non-secular|non-temporal|holy|divine|churchy|sacerdotal


word: ECCLESIOLOGY
russian_word: экклезиологии
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek ekklēsia ‘assembly, church’ + -logy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌkliːzɪˈɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ɪˌkliːzɪˈɒlədʒi
definition:
the study of churches, especially church building and decoration.|theology as applied to the nature and structure of the Christian Church.


word: ECCOPROTIC
russian_word: легкое слабительное средство
definition: a medicine which has a laxative effect.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛkəʊˈprɒtɪk
phonetics_text: ɛkəʊˈprɒtɪk
origin:
mid 17th century: from Greek ekkoprōtikos, from ekkoproun ‘evacuate the bowels’, from ek- ‘out’ + kopros ‘dung’.


word: ECCRINE
russian_word: экзокринный
origin: 1930s: from Greek ekkrinein ‘secrete’, from ek- ‘out’ + krinein ‘sift, separate’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛkrʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɛkrʌɪn|ˈɛkrɪn
definition:
relating to or denoting multicellular glands which do not lose cytoplasm in their secretions, especially the sweat glands.


word: ECDYSIS
russian_word: шелушение
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek ekdusis, from ekduein ‘put off’, from ek- ‘out, off’ + duein ‘put’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkdɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈɛkdɪsɪs|ɛkˈdʌɪsɪs
definition:
the process of shedding the old skin (in reptiles) or casting off the outer cuticle (in insects and other arthropods).


word: ECHELON
russian_word: эшелон
synonyms: level|rank|grade|step|rung|tier|stratum|plane|position|order|division|sector
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛʃəlɒn
phonetics_text: ˈɛʃəlɒn|ˈeɪʃəlɒn
example:
the upper echelons of the business world|the regiment lined up shoulder to shoulder in three tight echelons

definition:
a level or rank in an organization, a profession, or society.|a formation of troops, ships, aircraft, or vehicles in parallel rows with the end of each row projecting further than the one in front.

origin:
late 18th century (in echelon (sense 2 of the noun)): from French échelon, from échelle ‘ladder’, from Latin scala .


word: ECHIDNA
russian_word: ехидна
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkɪdnə
phonetics_text: ɪˈkɪdnə
definition:
a spiny insectivorous egg-laying mammal with a long snout and claws, native to Australia and New Guinea.

origin:
mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek ekhidna ‘viper’, also the name of a mythical creature which gave birth to the Hydra; compare with ekhinos ‘sea urchin, hedgehog’.


word: ECHINACEA
russian_word: эхинацея
origin: modern Latin, from Greek ekhinos ‘hedgehog’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkɪˈneɪsɪə
phonetics_text: ˌɛkɪˈneɪsɪə
definition:
a North American plant of the daisy family, whose flowers have a raised cone-shaped centre which appears to consist of soft spines. It is used in herbal medicine, largely for its antibiotic and wound-healing properties.


word: ECHO
russian_word: эхо
synonyms: reverberation|reverberating|reflection|resounding|ringing|repetition|repeat|reiteration|answer
origin: Middle English: from Old French or Latin, from Greek ēkhō, related to ēkhē ‘a sound’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛkəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɛkəʊ
example:
the walls threw back the echoes of his footsteps|his love for her found an echo in her own feelings|Clarendon, whom they reckoned the faithful echo of their master's intentions|the South Wales Echo

definition:
a sound or sounds caused by the reflection of sound waves from a surface back to the listener.|a close parallel to an idea, feeling, or event.|a person who slavishly repeats the words or opinions of another.|used in names of newspapers.|a code word representing the letter E, used in radio communication.|a play by a defender of a higher card in a suit followed by a lower one in a subsequent trick, used as a signal to request a further lead of that suit by their partner.


word: ECHOCARDIOGRAM
russian_word: эхокардиограмма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkəʊˈkɑːdɪə(ʊ)ɡram
phonetics_text: ˌɛkəʊˈkɑːdɪə(ʊ)ɡram
definition:
a test of the action of the heart using ultrasound waves to produce a visual display, for the diagnosis or monitoring of heart disease.


word: ECHOLALIA
russian_word: эхолалия
origin: late 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek ēkhō ‘echo’ + lalia ‘speech’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkəʊˈleɪlɪə
phonetics_text: ˌɛkəʊˈleɪlɪə
definition:
meaningless repetition of another person's spoken words as a symptom of psychiatric disorder.|repetition of speech by a child learning to talk.


word: ECHOLOCATION
russian_word: эхолокация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkə(ʊ)lə(ʊ)ˌkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈɛkə(ʊ)lə(ʊ)ˌkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the location of objects by reflected sound, in particular that used by animals such as dolphins and bats.


word: ECHOPRAXIA
russian_word: эхопраксия
origin: early 20th century: modern Latin, from Greek ēkhō ‘echo’ + praxis ‘action’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkəʊˈpraksɪə
phonetics_text: ˌɛkəʊˈpraksɪə
definition:
meaningless repetition or imitation of the movements of others as a symptom of psychiatric disorder.


word: ECHOVIRUS
russian_word: ЕСНО-вирус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkəʊvʌɪrəs
phonetics_text: ˈɛkəʊvʌɪrəs
definition:
any of a group of enteroviruses which can cause respiratory infections and a mild form of meningitis.

origin:
1950s: from echo (acronym from enteric cytopathogenic human orphan, because the virus was not originally assignable to any known disease) + virus.


word: ECLAMPSIA
russian_word: эклампсия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈklam(p)sɪə
phonetics_text: ɪˈklam(p)sɪə
definition:
a condition in which one or more convulsions occur in a pregnant woman suffering from high blood pressure, often followed by coma and posing a threat to the health of mother and baby.

origin:
mid 19th century: modern Latin, from French éclampsie, from Greek eklampsis ‘sudden development’, from eklampein ‘shine out’.


word: ECLAMPTIC
russian_word: эклампсической
example: an eclamptic seizure
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈklam(p)tɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈklam(p)tɪk
definition:
characteristic of or affected by eclampsia, a condition in which convulsions occur in a pregnant woman suffering from high blood pressure.


word: ECLECTIC
russian_word: эклектический
example: universities offering an eclectic mix of courses
antonyms: narrow|dogmatic
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈklɛktɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈklɛktɪk
definition:
deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources.|denoting or belonging to a class of ancient philosophers who did not belong to or found any recognized school of thought but selected doctrines from various schools of thought.

synonyms:
wide-ranging|wide|broad|broad-ranging|broad-based|extensive|comprehensive|encyclopedic|general|universal|varied|diverse|diversified|catholic|liberal|cross-disciplinary|interdisciplinary|multidisciplinary|all-embracing|non-exclusive|inclusive|indiscriminate|many-sided|multifaceted|multifarious|heterogeneous|miscellaneous|assorted|selective|selecting|choosing|picking and choosing|discriminating|discerning|critical

origin:
late 17th century (as a term in philosophy): from Greek eklektikos, from eklegein ‘pick out’, from ek ‘out’ + legein ‘choose’.


word: ECLECTICISM
russian_word: эклектика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈklɛktɪsɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪˈklɛktɪsɪz(ə)m
example:
the eclecticism of his work consciously reflects his upbringing|there was a double movement going on, towards Eclecticism on the one side, and towards Scepticism on the other side

definition:
the practice of deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources.|the theories or methods of the ancient Eclectic philosophers, who did not belong to or found any recognized school of thought but selected doctrines from various schools of thought.


word: ECLIPSE
russian_word: затмение
example: an eclipse of the sun|eclipse plumage
synonyms: blotting out|blocking|covering|obscuring|hiding|concealing|veiling|shrouding|darkening|occultation
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪˈklɪps
phonetics_text: ɪˈklɪps
definition:
an obscuring of the light from one celestial body by the passage of another between it and the observer or between it and its source of illumination.|a phase during which the distinctive markings of a bird (especially a male duck) are obscured by moulting of the breeding plumage.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French e(s)clipse (noun), eclipser (verb), via Latin from Greek ekleipsis, from ekleipein ‘fail to appear, be eclipsed’, from ek ‘out’ + leipein ‘to leave’.


word: ECLOGITE
russian_word: эклогит
definition: a metamorphic rock containing granular minerals, typically garnet and pyroxene.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛklɒdʒʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛklɒdʒʌɪt
origin:
mid 19th century: from French, from Greek eklogē ‘selection’ (with reference to the selective content of the rock) + -ite1.


word: ECOFEMINISM
russian_word: экофеминизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːkəʊˈfɛmɪnɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˌiːkəʊˈfɛmɪnɪz(ə)m
definition:
a philosophical and political theory and movement which combines ecological concerns with feminist ones, regarding both as resulting from male domination of society.


word: ECOLOGICALLY
russian_word: экологически
example: Russia's vast forests are of global importance both economically and ecologically
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: iːkəˈlɒdʒɪkli
phonetics_text: iːkəˈlɒdʒɪkli
definition:
in a way that concerns the relation of living organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.


word: ECONOMETRICS
russian_word: эконометрия
origin: 1930s: from economy, on the pattern of words such as biometrics .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌkɒnəˈmɛtrɪks
phonetics_text: ɪˌkɒnəˈmɛtrɪks
definition:
the branch of economics concerned with the use of mathematical methods (especially statistics) in describing economic systems.


word: ECONOMIC
russian_word: экономический
example: many organizations must become larger if they are to remain economic
definition: relating to economics or the economy.|justified in terms of profitability.
antonyms: unprofitable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk
phonetics_text: ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk|ɛkəˈnɒmɪk
synonyms:
profitable|profit-making|moneymaking|money-spinning|lucrative|remunerative|financially rewarding|fruitful|gainful|productive|solvent|viable|cost-effective|successful|commercial|commercially successful

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French and Latin from Greek oikonomikos, from oikonomia (see economy). Originally a noun, the word denoted household management or a person skilled in this, hence the early sense of the adjective (late 16th century) ‘relating to household management’. Modern senses date from the mid 19th century.


word: ECONOMICAL
russian_word: экономичный
example: a small, economical car
definition: giving good value or return in relation to the money, time, or effort expended.
antonyms: expensive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: iːkəˈnɒmɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: iːkəˈnɒmɪk(ə)l|ɛkəˈnɒmɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
cheap|inexpensive|low-cost|low-price|low-budget|budget|economy|reasonable|reasonably priced|cut-price|cut-rate|discount|discounted|bargain|bargain-basement|cost-effective|effective|efficient|energy-efficient|fuel-efficient|energy-saving|fuel-saving


word: ECONOMICALLY
russian_word: экономически
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: iːkəˈnɒmɪkli
phonetics_text: iːkəˈnɒmɪkli
example:
the region is important economically|the new building was erected as economically as possible|a precis aims to express a passage more economically

definition:
in a way that relates to economics or finance.|in a way that involves careful use of money or resources.|in a way that uses no more of something than is necessary.


word: ECONOMISM
russian_word: экономизм
definition: belief in the primacy of economic causes or factors.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkɒnəmɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪˈkɒnəmɪz(ə)m
origin:
mid 19th century: from French économisme, based on Greek oikonomia ‘household management’ (see economy).


word: ECONOMIZE
russian_word: экономить
example: I have to economize where I can
definition: spend less; reduce one's expenses.
antonyms: spend|be extravagant
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈkɒnəmʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈkɒnəmʌɪz
synonyms:
save (money)|cut expenditure|cut costs|cut back|make cutbacks|make cuts|retrench|husband one's resources|budget|be (more) economical|make economies|be thrifty|be sparing|be frugal|buy (more) cheaply|use less|reduce/decrease wastage|scrimp|scrimp and save|scrimp and scrape|cut corners|tighten one's belt|draw in one's horns|count the/your pennies|watch the/your pennies|pinch the/your pennies|rake and scrape


word: ECONOMIZER
russian_word: экономайзер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkɒnəmʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ɪˈkɒnəmʌɪzə
definition:
a device designed to make a machine or system more energy-efficient.|a person who reduces expenditure.


word: ECONOMY
russian_word: экономика
example: he favours tax cuts to stimulate the economy|fuel economy
antonyms: extravagance
synonyms: wealth|(financial) resources|financial system|financial state|financial management
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkɒnəmi
phonetics_text: ɪˈkɒnəmi
definition:
the state of a country or region in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services and the supply of money.|careful management of available resources.

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘management of material resources’): from French économie, or via Latin from Greek oikonomia ‘household management’, based on oikos ‘house’ + nemein ‘manage’. Current senses date from the 17th century.


word: ECOTOURISM
russian_word: экотуризм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːkəʊˈtʊərɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˌiːkəʊˈtʊərɪz(ə)m
definition:
tourism directed towards exotic, often threatened, natural environments, intended to support conservation efforts and observe wildlife.


word: ECOTOXICOLOGY
russian_word: экотоксикология
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːkəʊtɒksɪˈkɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌiːkəʊtɒksɪˈkɒlədʒi
definition:
the branch of science that deals with the nature, effects, and interactions of substances that are harmful to the environment.


word: ECSTASY
russian_word: экстаз
example: there was a look of ecstasy on his face
antonyms: misery
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkstəsi
phonetics_text: ˈɛkstəsi
definition:
an overwhelming feeling of great happiness or joyful excitement.|an emotional or religious frenzy or trance-like state, originally one involving an experience of mystic self-transcendence.|an amphetamine-based recreational drug having euphoric effects, typically taken in the form of a pill and particularly associated with clubbing and dance music subcultures.

synonyms:
rapture|bliss|elation|euphoria|cloud nine|seventh heaven|transports|rhapsodies|joy|joyousness|jubilation|exultation|heaven|paradise|delight|the top of the world

origin:
late Middle English (in ecstasy (sense 2)): from Old French extasie, via late Latin from Greek ekstasis ‘standing outside oneself’, based on ek- ‘out’ + histanai ‘to place’.


word: ECSTATIC
russian_word: в экстазе
example: ecstatic fans filled the stadium|an ecstatic vision of God
antonyms: miserable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪkˈstatɪk
phonetics_text: ɪkˈstatɪk|ɛkˈstatɪk
definition:
feeling or expressing overwhelming happiness or joyful excitement.|involving an experience of mystic self-transcendence.

synonyms:
enraptured|elated|transported|in transports|in raptures|euphoric|rapturous|joyful|joyous|overjoyed|blissful|beatific|on cloud nine|in seventh heaven|delirious (with happiness)|jumping for joy|rhapsodic|ravished|enchanted|enthusiastic|delighted|thrilled|jubilant|exultant|happy|over the moon|on top of the world|blissed out|orgasmic|wrapped


word: ECTOMORPH
russian_word: эктоморф
definition: a person with a lean and delicate build of body.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛktə(ʊ)mɔːf
phonetics_text: ˈɛktə(ʊ)mɔːf
origin:
1940s: ecto- from ectodermal (being the layer of the embryo giving rise to physical characteristics which predominate) + -morph.


word: ECTOPLASM
russian_word: эктоплазма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛktə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈɛktə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m
definition:
the more viscous, clear outer layer of the cytoplasm in amoeboid cells.|a supernatural viscous substance that supposedly exudes from the body of a medium during a spiritualistic trance and forms the material for the manifestation of spirits.


word: ECTROPION
russian_word: выворот века
origin: late 17th century: from Greek, from ek- ‘out’ + trepein ‘to turn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛkˈtrəʊpɪən
phonetics_text: ɛkˈtrəʊpɪən
definition:
a condition, typically a consequence of advanced age, in which the eyelid is turned outwards away from the eyeball.


word: ECUMENICAL
russian_word: экуменический
example: he was a member of ecumenical committees
definition: representing a number of different Christian Churches.
antonyms: denominational
synonyms: non-denominational|non-sectarian|universal|catholic|all-embracing|all-inclusive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌiːkjʊˈmɛnɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌiːkjʊˈmɛnɪk(ə)l|ɛkjʊˈmɛnɪk(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘belonging to the universal Church’): via late Latin from Greek oikoumenikos from oikoumenē ‘the (inhabited) earth’.


word: EDELWEISS
russian_word: эдельвейс
origin: mid 19th century: from German, from edel ‘noble’ + weiss ‘white’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈeɪd(ə)lvʌɪs
phonetics_text: ˈeɪd(ə)lvʌɪs
definition:
a European mountain plant which has woolly white bracts around its small flowers and downy grey-green leaves.


word: EDENTULOUS
russian_word: беззубый
definition: lacking teeth.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈdɛntjʊləs
phonetics_text: ɪˈdɛntjʊləs
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin edentulus, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + dens, dent- ‘tooth’ + -ulous.


word: EDGE
russian_word: край
antonyms: middle
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɛdʒ
phonetics_text: ɛdʒ
example:
a willow tree at the water's edge|a knife with a razor-sharp edge|his cars have the edge over his rivals'

definition:
the outside limit of an object, area, or surface.|the sharpened side of the blade of a cutting implement or weapon.|a quality or factor which gives superiority over close rivals.

synonyms:
border|boundary|extremity|fringe|margin|side|lip|rim|brim|brink|verge|perimeter|circumference|periphery|contour|outline|limit|limits|outer limit|bound|bounds|marge|bourn|skirt

origin:
Old English ecg  ‘sharpened side of a blade’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch egge and German Ecke, also to Old Norse eggja (see egg2), from an Indo-European root shared by Latin acies ‘edge’ and Greek akis ‘point’.


word: EDGED
russian_word: краями
example: a regular square-edged tile|edged tools used by carpenters
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛdʒd
phonetics_text: ɛdʒd
definition:
(of an object, area, or surface) having an outside edge or boundary of a specified kind.|(of an implement or weapon) having a sharpened blade for cutting.


word: EDGY
russian_word: острый
example: he became edgy and defensive|their songs combine good music and smart, edgy ideas
definition: tense, nervous, or irritable.|at the forefront of a trend; experimental or avant-garde.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛdʒi
phonetics_text: ˈɛdʒi
synonyms:
tense|nervous|on edge|highly strung|anxious|apprehensive|uneasy|ill at ease|unsettled|unstable|excitable|twitchy|jumpy|keyed up|fidgety|restive|skittish|neurotic|brittle|hysterical|sensitive|insecure|irritable|touchy|tetchy|testy|crotchety|irascible|peevish|querulous|bad-tempered|short-tempered|hot-tempered|quick-tempered|temperamental|snappy|captious|crabbed|prickly|nervy|uptight|wired|stressy


word: EDIBLE
russian_word: съедобный
example: the shrub has small edible berries
definition: fit or suitable to be eaten.
antonyms: inedible
origin: late 16th century: from late Latin edibilis, from Latin edere ‘eat’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɛdɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛdɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
safe to eat|fit to eat|fit to be eaten|fit for human consumption|wholesome|good to eat|consumable|digestible|palatable|comestible


word: EDICT
russian_word: указ
example: Clovis issued an edict protecting Church property
definition: an official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːdɪkt
phonetics_text: ˈiːdɪkt
synonyms:
decree|order|command|commandment|mandate|proclamation|pronouncement|dictum|dictate|fiat|promulgation|precept|law|statute|act|enactment|bill|ordinance|regulation|rule|ruling|injunction|manifesto|ukase|pronunciamento|firman|decretal|irade|rescript

origin:
Middle English: from Latin edictum ‘something proclaimed’, neuter past participle of edicere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + dicere ‘say, tell’.


word: EDIFICATION
russian_word: назидание
example: a video was filmed for the edification of clients
definition: the moral or intellectual instruction or improvement of someone.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin aedificatio(n- ), from aedificare ‘build’ (see edify).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛdɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛdɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
education|instruction|tuition|teaching|schooling|pedagogy|andragogy|tutoring|coaching|training|tutelage|guidance|enlightenment|cultivation|development|information|inculcation|indoctrination|improvement|bettering|uplifting|elevation


word: EDIFICE
russian_word: здание
example: the concepts on which the edifice of capitalism was built
definition: a large, imposing building.|a complex system of beliefs.
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin aedificium, from aedis ‘dwelling’ + facere ‘make’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛdɪfɪs
phonetics_text: ˈɛdɪfɪs
synonyms:
building|structure|construction|erection|pile|complex|assembly|property|development|premises|establishment|place


word: EDIFY
russian_word: наставлять
example: Rachel had edified their childhood with frequent readings from Belloc
definition: instruct or improve (someone) morally or intellectually.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛdɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈɛdɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
educate|instruct|teach|school|tutor|coach|train|guide|enlighten|inform|cultivate|develop|inculcate|indoctrinate|improve|better|uplift|elevate

origin:
Middle English: from Old French edifier, from Latin aedificare ‘build’, from aedis ‘dwelling’ + facere ‘make’ (compare with edifice). The word originally meant ‘construct a building’, also ‘strengthen’, hence to ‘build up’ morally.


word: EDIT
russian_word: редактировать
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɛdɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛdɪt
example:
Volume I was edited by J. Johnson|he began to edit the magazine in 1923|in recent years, scientists have sought more precise ways to edit the genome

definition:
prepare (written material) for publication by correcting, condensing, or otherwise modifying it.|be editor of (a newspaper or magazine).|alter (a gene or other nucleotide sequence) by the insertion, deletion, or replacement of one or more nucleotides.

synonyms:
correct|check|copy-edit|improve|revise|emend|polish|modify|adapt|rewrite|reword|rework|rescript|redraft|rephrase|assemble|prepare for publication|shorten|condense|cut|abridge|approve|censor|redact|clean up|iron out|select|choose|organize|put together|arrange|rearrange

origin:
late 18th century (as a verb): partly a back-formation from editor, reinforced by French éditer ‘to edit’ (from édition ‘edition’).


word: EDITION
russian_word: издание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈdɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈdɪʃ(ə)n
example:
a paperback edition|variations occurred after some of the edition had already been published|the Monday edition will be repeated on Wednesdays

definition:
a particular form or version of a published text.|the total number of copies of a book, newspaper, or other published material issued at one time.|a particular instance of a regular radio or television programme.

origin:
late Middle English: from French édition, from Latin editio(n- ), from edere ‘put out’, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + dare ‘give’.


word: EDITORIALIZE
russian_word: тенденциозно излагать материал
example: the BBC itself was not to editorialize about the news or matters of public policy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌɛdɪˈtɔːrɪəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˌɛdɪˈtɔːrɪəlʌɪz
definition:
(of a newspaper, editor, or broadcasting organization) express opinions rather than just report the news.


word: EDUCATE
russian_word: воспитывать
example: she was educated at a boarding school
definition: give intellectual, moral, and social instruction to (someone), typically at a school or university.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛdjʊkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛdjʊkeɪt
synonyms:
teach|school|tutor|instruct|coach|train|upskill|drill|prime|prepare|guide|inform|enlighten|edify|cultivate|develop|inculcate|indoctrinate|improve|better|uplift|elevate

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin educat- ‘led out’, from the verb educare, related to educere ‘lead out’ (see educe).


word: EDUCATION
russian_word: образование
example: a course of education|Petrus is a good workman—it is an education to watch him
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin educatio(n- ), from the verb educare (see educate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛdjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛdjʊˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university.|an enlightening experience.

synonyms:
teaching|schooling|tuition|tutoring|instruction|pedagogy|andragogy|coaching|training|tutelage|drilling|preparation|guidance|indoctrination|inculcation|enlightenment|edification|cultivation|development|improvement|bettering


word: EDUCATIVE
russian_word: воспитательный
example: a useful educative tool
definition: intended or serving to educate or enlighten; educational.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛdʒʊkətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈɛdʒʊkətɪv
synonyms:
educational|instructive|instructional|informative|informational|illuminating|pedagogic|doctrinal|preceptive|enlightening|edifying|improving|didactic|heuristic|pedantic|moralistic|homiletic|propaedeutic


word: EDUCATOR
russian_word: педагог
example: the perspective of a professional educator
definition: a person who provides instruction or education; a teacher.
antonyms: pupil
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛdʒʊkeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈɛdʒʊkeɪtə
synonyms:
teacher|tutor|instructor|pedagogue|schoolteacher|schoolmaster|schoolmistress|master|mistress|educationalist|educationist|supply teacher|coach|trainer|lecturer|professor|don|fellow|reader|academic|guide|mentor|guru|counsellor|dominie|pandit|schoolmarm|beak|chalkie|schoolie|doctor|schoolman|usher|preceptor


word: EDUTAINMENT
russian_word: развлекательные
example: this edutainment video has a unique blend of comedy and chess instruction
origin: 1980s: blend of education and entertainment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛdjʊˈteɪnm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌɛdjʊˈteɪnm(ə)nt
definition:
video games, television programmes, or other material, intended to be both educational and enjoyable.


word: EEL
russian_word: угорь
origin: Old English ǣl, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch aal and German Aal .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: iːl
phonetics_text: iːl
definition:
a snake-like fish with a slender elongated body and poorly developed fins, proverbial for its slipperiness.


word: EELGRASS
russian_word: зостера
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːlɡrɑːs
phonetics_text: ˈiːlɡrɑːs
definition:
a marine plant with long ribbon-like leaves that grows in coastal waters and brackish inlets.|another term for tape grass.


word: EELPOUT
russian_word: налим
origin: Old English ǣlepūta (see eel, pout2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːlpaʊt
phonetics_text: ˈiːlpaʊt
definition:
a small broad-headed fish of cool or cold seas, having an elongated body and the dorsal and anal fins continuous with the tail.


word: EELWORM
russian_word: нематода
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːlwəːm
phonetics_text: ˈiːlwəːm
definition:
a nematode, especially a small soil nematode that can become a serious pest of crops and ornamental plants.


word: EERIE
russian_word: жуткий
example: an eerie green glow in the sky
definition: strange and frightening.
antonyms: normal|reassuring
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɪəri
phonetics_text: ˈɪəri
synonyms:
uncanny|sinister|ghostly|spectral|unnatural|unearthly|preternatural|supernatural|other-worldly|unreal|mysterious|strange|abnormal|odd|curious|queer|weird|bizarre|freakish|frightening|spine-chilling|hair-raising|blood-curdling|scaring|terrifying|petrifying|chilling|eldritch|creepy|scary|spooky|freaky|rum

origin:
Middle English (originally northern English and Scots in the sense ‘fearful’): probably from Old English earg ‘cowardly’, of Germanic origin; related to German arg .


word: EFFACE
russian_word: стирать
definition: erase (a mark) from a surface.|make oneself appear insignificant or inconspicuous.
antonyms: make one's presence felt
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈfeɪs
phonetics_text: ɪˈfeɪs
example:
with time, the words are effaced by the rain|to efface oneself is not the easiest of duties which the teacher can undertake

synonyms:
make oneself inconspicuous|keep out of sight|keep oneself to oneself|keep quiet|keep out of the public eye|avoid publicity|keep out of the limelight|lie low|keep a low profile|be modest/diffident/retiring|withdraw

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘pardon or be absolved from (an offence)’): from French effacer, from e- (from Latin ex- ‘away from’) + face ‘face’.


word: EFFECT
russian_word: эффект
antonyms: cause
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪˈfɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛkt
example:
the lethal effects of hard drugs|the production relied too much on spectacular effects|the insurance covers personal effects

definition:
a change which is a result or consequence of an action or other cause.|the lighting, sound, or scenery used in a play, film, or broadcast.|personal belongings.

synonyms:
result|consequence|upshot|outcome|out-turn|sequel|reaction|repercussions|reverberations|ramifications|end result|conclusion|termination|culmination|denouement|corollary|concomitant|aftermath|footprint|fruit(s)|product|by-product|sequelae|pay-off|issue|success

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin effectus, from efficere ‘accomplish’, from ex- ‘out, thoroughly’ + facere ‘do, make’. effect (sense 3 of the noun), ‘personal belongings’, arose from the obsolete sense ‘something acquired on completion of an action’.


word: EFFECTIVE
russian_word: эффективный
antonyms: ineffective|incompetent|weak
origin: late Middle English: from Latin effectivus, from efficere ‘accomplish’ (see effect).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈfɛktɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛktɪv
example:
effective solutions to environmental problems|she has been under effective house arrest since September

definition:
successful in producing a desired or intended result.|existing in fact, though not formally acknowledged as such.

synonyms:
successful|effectual|efficacious|productive|constructive|fruitful|functional|potent|powerful|worthwhile|helpful|of help|of assistance|beneficial|advantageous|valuable|useful|of use|convincing|compelling|strong|forceful|forcible|weighty|plausible|sound|valid|well founded|telling|impressive|persuasive|irresistible|credible|influential|conclusive|unanswerable|authoritative|logical|reasoned|reasonable|well reasoned|rational|lucid|coherent|cogent|eloquent|clear|articulate


word: EFFECTIVELY
russian_word: фактически
example: make sure that resources are used effectively
definition: in such a manner as to achieve a desired result.
antonyms: ineffectively|weakly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈfɛktɪvli
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛktɪvli
synonyms:
successfully|effectually|efficaciously|productively|constructively|fruitfully|valuably|helpfully|beneficially|advantageously|usefully|functionally|forcefully|forcibly|powerfully|strongly|potently|soundly|validly|tellingly|convincingly|compellingly|impressively|persuasively|irresistibly|credibly|influentially|conclusively|unanswerably|authoritatively


word: EFFECTIVENESS
russian_word: эффективность
example: the effectiveness of the treatment
definition: the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result; success.
antonyms: ineffectiveness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛktɪvnəs
synonyms:
success|successfulness|efficacy|productiveness|fruitfulness|potency|power|benefit|advantage|value|virtue|use|usefulness|effectuality|constructiveness


word: EFFECTUAL
russian_word: эффективный
example: tobacco smoke is the most effectual protection against the midge
antonyms: ineffectual
origin: late Middle English: from medieval Latin effectualis, from Latin effectus (see effect).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈfɛktʃʊəl
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛktʃʊəl
definition:
(of something inanimate or abstract) successful in producing a desired or intended result; effective.

synonyms:
effective|successful|efficacious|productive|constructive|fruitful|potent|powerful|worthwhile|helpful|of help|of assistance|beneficial|advantageous|valuable|useful|of use


word: EFFEMINATE
russian_word: женоподобный
example: he lisps and his handshake is effeminate
definition: (of a man) having characteristics regarded as typical of a woman; unmanly.
antonyms: manly
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈfɛmɪnət
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛmɪnət
synonyms:
effete|unmanly|womanish|foppish|affected|niminy-piminy|mincing|posturing|queeny|campy|limp-wristed|pansyish

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin effeminatus, past participle of effeminare ‘make feminine’, from ex- (expressing a change of state) + femina ‘woman’.


word: EFFENDI
russian_word: эфенди
definition: a man of high education or social standing in an eastern Mediterranean or Arab country.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈfɛndi
phonetics_text: ɛˈfɛndi
origin:
early 17th century: from Turkish efendi, from modern Greek aphentēs, from Greek authentēs ‘lord, master’.


word: EFFERVESCE
russian_word: пениться
definition: (of a liquid) give off bubbles.|be vivacious and enthusiastic.
synonyms: fizz|sparkle|bubble|froth|foam|spume
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌɛfəˈvɛs
phonetics_text: ˌɛfəˈvɛs
example:
the waves seemed to effervesce as they swept by|managers are supposed to effervesce with praise and encouragement

origin:
early 18th century: from Latin effervescere, from ex- ‘out, up’ + fervescere ‘begin to boil’ (from fervere ‘be hot, boil’).


word: EFFERVESCENCE
russian_word: выделение пузырьков газа
example: the effervescence of sparkling wine|he was filled with such effervescence
definition: bubbles in a liquid; fizz.|vivacity and enthusiasm.
antonyms: depression
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛfəˈvɛs(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˌɛfəˈvɛs(ə)ns
synonyms:
fizz|fizziness|sparkle|gassiness|bubbles|carbonation|aeration|bubbliness|frothiness|froth|foam|head|spume|vivacity|liveliness|animation|life|spirit|spiritedness|high spirits|ebullience|exuberance|buoyancy|light-heartedness|gaiety|jollity|joy|fun|the joys of spring|cheeriness|cheerfulness|perkiness|sunniness|airiness|breeziness|brightness|enthusiasm|irrepressibility|vibrancy|vividness|vitality|zest|energy|dynamism|vigour|vim|lustiness|pep|zing|zip|bounce|chirpiness|peartness


word: EFFERVESCENT
russian_word: шипучий
definition: (of a liquid) giving off bubbles; fizzy.|vivacious and enthusiastic.
antonyms: still|flat
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛfəˈvɛsənt
phonetics_text: ɛfəˈvɛsənt
example:
an effervescent mixture of cheap wine, fruit flavours, sugar, and carbon dioxide|effervescent young people

synonyms:
fizzy|sparkling|carbonated|aerated|gassy|bubbly|bubbling|fizzing|foaming|frothy|mousseux|pétillant|spumante|frizzante|Schaum-|Perl-

origin:
late 17th century: from Latin effervescent- ‘boiling up’, from the verb effervescere (see effervesce).


word: EFFETE
russian_word: изнеженный
example: effete trendies from art college
definition: affected, over-refined, and ineffectual.
antonyms: unpretentious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈfiːt
phonetics_text: ɪˈfiːt
synonyms:
affected|over-refined|ineffectual|artificial|studied|pretentious|precious|chi-chi|flowery|mannered|twee|la-di-da|pseud|poncy|toffee-nosed|alembicated

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘no longer fertile’): from Latin effetus ‘worn out by bearing young’, from ex- ‘out’ + fetus ‘breeding’; related to fetus.


word: EFFICACIOUS
russian_word: эффективный
example: this treatment was efficacious in some cases
antonyms: inefficacious
origin: early 16th century: from Latin efficax, efficac- (from efficere ‘accomplish’: see effect) + -ious.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛfɪˈkeɪʃəs
phonetics_text: ˌɛfɪˈkeɪʃəs
definition:
(of something inanimate or abstract) successful in producing a desired or intended result; effective.

synonyms:
effective|successful|effectual|productive|constructive|fruitful|potent|powerful|worthwhile|helpful|of help|of assistance|beneficial|advantageous|valuable|useful|of use


word: EFFICACY
russian_word: эффективность
example: there is little information on the efficacy of this treatment
definition: the ability to produce a desired or intended result.
antonyms: inefficacy
origin: early 16th century: from Latin efficacia, from efficax, efficac- (see efficacious).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛfɪkəsi
phonetics_text: ˈɛfɪkəsi
synonyms:
effectiveness|success|successfulness|productiveness|fruitfulness|potency|power|benefit|advantage|value|virtue|use|usefulness|effectuality|constructiveness


word: EFFICIENCY
russian_word: эффективность
example: greater energy efficiency
definition: the state or quality of being efficient.
antonyms: inefficiency|incompetence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi
synonyms:
organization|order|orderliness|planning|regulation|logicality|coherence|productivity|effectiveness|cost-effectiveness|competence|capability|ability|proficiency|adeptness|deftness|expertise|professionalism|skilfulness|skill

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘the fact of being an efficient cause’): from Latin efficientia, from efficere ‘accomplish’ (see effect).


word: EFFICIENT
russian_word: эффективный
example: more efficient processing of information|an efficient administrator
antonyms: inefficient|disorganized
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt
definition:
(of a system or machine) achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.|(of a person) working in a well-organized and competent way.

synonyms:
well organized|methodical|systematic|structured|well planned|logical|coherent|well regulated|well run|well ordered|orderly|businesslike|systematized|streamlined|productive|effective|labour-saving|cost-effective|energy-efficient|energy-saving|fuel-efficient

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘making, causing’, usually in efficient cause): from Latin efficient- ‘accomplishing’, from the verb efficere (see effect). The current sense dates from the late 18th century.


word: EFFIGY
russian_word: изображение
example: a tomb effigy of Eleanor of Aquitaine
definition: a sculpture or model of a person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛfɪdʒi
phonetics_text: ˈɛfɪdʒi
synonyms:
statue|statuette|carving|sculpture|graven image|model|dummy|figure|figurine|guy|likeness|representation|image|bust|head

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin effigies, from effingere ‘to fashion (artistically)’, from ex- ‘out’ + fingere ‘to shape’.


word: EFFLEURAGE
russian_word: поколачивание
definition: a form of massage involving a repeated circular stroking movement made with the palm of the hand.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˌɛfləːˈrɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ˌɛfləːˈrɑːʒ
origin:
late 19th century: from French, from effleurer ‘skim the surface, stroke lightly’, literally ‘remove the flower or ‘outer beauty’ of something’.


word: EFFLUENT
russian_word: сточные воды
example: industrial effluent
definition: liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea.
synonyms: (liquid) waste|sewage|effluvium|outflow|discharge|emission|pollutant|pollution
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛflʊənt
phonetics_text: ˈɛflʊənt
origin:
late Middle English (in the adjective sense ‘flowing out’): from Latin effluent- ‘flowing out’, from the verb effluere (see effluence). The noun dates from the mid 19th century.


word: EFFORT
russian_word: усилие
definition: a vigorous or determined attempt.|a force exerted by a machine or in a process.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛfət
phonetics_text: ˈɛfət
synonyms:
attempt|try|endeavour|crack|go|shot|stab|bash|whack|essay|assay|strive|seek|exert oneself|do one's best|labour|work|toil|struggle|apply oneself|undertake|aim|set out|take it on oneself|have a go/shot/crack/stab/bash|give it a burl|give it a fly

origin:
late 15th century: from French, from Old French esforcier, based on Latin ex- ‘out’ + fortis ‘strong’.


word: EFFORTLESS
russian_word: легкий
example: I went up the steps in two effortless bounds
definition: requiring no physical or mental exertion.
antonyms: difficult
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛfətlɪs
phonetics_text: ˈɛfətlɪs
synonyms:
easy|uncomplicated|not difficult|undemanding|unexacting|unchallenging|painless|trouble-free|facile|simple|straightforward|elementary|idiot-proof|plain sailing|easy-peasy|easy as pie|as easy as falling off a log|as easy as ABC|a piece of cake|child's play|kids' stuff|a cinch|no sweat|a doddle|a breeze|a pushover|money for old rope|money for jam|duck soup|a snap|easy-breezy|a bludge|a piece of old tackle|a snip|a piece of piss


word: EFFRONTERY
russian_word: наглость
example: one juror had the effrontery to challenge the coroner's decision
definition: insolent or impertinent behaviour.
antonyms: timidity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈfrʌnt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪˈfrʌnt(ə)ri
synonyms:
impudence|impertinence|cheek|insolence|cheekiness|audacity|temerity|brazenness|forwardness|front|presumption|nerve|gall|pertness|boldness|shamelessness|impoliteness|disrespect|bad manners|unmannerliness|overfamiliarity|answering back|talking back|brass|brass neck|neck|face|lip|mouth|cockiness|sauce|snash|sass|sassiness|nerviness|chutzpah|back talk|hide|crust|backchat|malapertness|contumely|procacity|assumption|dare|make so bold as|be so bold as|presume|have the temerity|have the audacity|have the nerve|be brave enough|have the courage|go so far as|take the liberty of

origin:
late 17th century: from French effronterie, based on late Latin effrons, effront- ‘shameless, barefaced’, from ex- ‘out’ + frons ‘forehead’.


word: EFFUSION
russian_word: выпот
example: a massive effusion of poisonous gas|literary effusions
origin: late Middle English: from Latin effusio(n- ), from effundere ‘pour out’ (see effuse).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
definition:
an instance of giving off something such as a liquid or gas.|an act of talking or writing in an unrestrained or heartfelt way.

synonyms:
outflow|outpouring|outflowing|outrush|rush|current|flood|deluge|emission|discharge|issue|spurt|surge|jet|fountain|cascade|spout|stream|torrent|gush|outburst|flow|flux|welling|leakage|escape|voidance|drain|drainage|outflux|emanation|effluence|exudation|efflux


word: EFFUSIVE
russian_word: экспансивный
example: an effusive welcome
antonyms: restrained
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈfjuːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈfjuːsɪv
definition:
showing or expressing gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner.|(of igneous rock) poured out when molten and later solidified.

synonyms:
gushing|gushy|unrestrained|unreserved|extravagant|fulsome|demonstrative|lavish|enthusiastic|rhapsodic|lyrical|exuberant|ebullient|expansive|wordy|verbose|long-winded|profuse|over the top|OTT|all over someone


word: EGEST
russian_word: выделять
example: animals that feed near the surface will egest material at depth
definition: (of a cell or organism) excrete (waste matter).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈdʒɛst
phonetics_text: ɪˈdʒɛst
origin:
late Middle English (as egestion ): from Latin egest-, from the verb egerere ‘expel’, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + gerere ‘bear, carry’.


word: EGG
russian_word: яйцо
example: egg and dart moulding|the biography portrays him as a thoroughly bad egg
synonyms: ovum|gamete|germ cell|zygote|nit|goog|clutch|roe|spawn|seed|flyblow
origin: Middle English (superseding earlier ey, from Old English ǣg ): from Old Norse.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛɡ
phonetics_text: ɛɡ
definition:
an oval or round object laid by a female bird, reptile, fish, or invertebrate, usually containing a developing embryo. The eggs of birds are enclosed in a chalky shell, while those of reptiles are in a leathery membrane.|the female reproductive cell in animals and plants; an ovum.|a decorative oval moulding, used alternately with triangular shapes.|a person of a specified kind.


word: EGGHEAD
russian_word: умник
example: the TV egghead who brought science to the masses
definition: a highly academic or studious person; an intellectual.
antonyms: dunce
origin: by analogy with a bald head.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛɡhɛd
phonetics_text: ˈɛɡhɛd
synonyms:
intellectual|intellect|bluestocking|thinker|academic|scholar|sage|bookworm|bookish person|highbrow|expert|genius|Einstein|polymath|prodigy|mastermind|brains|bright spark|whizz|wizard|walking encyclopedia|brainbox|clever clogs|boffin|brainiac|rocket scientist|maven


word: EGGPLANT
russian_word: баклажан
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛɡplɑːnt
phonetics_text: ˈɛɡplɑːnt
definition:
the purple egg-shaped fruit of a tropical Old World plant, which is eaten as a vegetable; an aubergine.|the large plant of the nightshade family which bears aubergines.


word: EGGSHELL
russian_word: яичная скорлупа
example: Emily was peeling off her eggshell|eggshell porcelains|the woodwork was painted in eggshell
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛɡʃɛl
phonetics_text: ˈɛɡʃɛl
definition:
the thin, hard outer layer of an egg, especially a hen's egg.|(of china) of extreme thinness and delicacy.|a paint that dries with a slight sheen.


word: EGLANTINE
russian_word: шиповник
definition: another term for sweet briar.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛɡləntʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɛɡləntʌɪn
origin:
Middle English: from Old French, from Provençal aiglentina, based on Latin acus ‘needle’ or aculeus ‘prickle’.


word: EGO
russian_word: эго
example: he needed a boost to his ego
definition: a person's sense of self-esteem or self-importance.
origin: early 19th century: from Latin, literally ‘I’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈiːɡəʊ|ˈɛːɡəʊ
synonyms:
self-esteem|self-importance|self-worth|self-respect|self-conceit|self-image|self-confidence|amour propre


word: EGOCENTRIC
russian_word: эгоцентричный
example: egocentric loners with an overinflated sense of self-worth
definition: thinking only of oneself, without regard for the feelings or desires of others; self-centred.
antonyms: altruistic
origin: early 20th century: from ego, on the pattern of words such as geocentric .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛɡə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛɡə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪk|ˌiːɡə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪk
synonyms:
self-centred|egomaniacal|self-interested|egotistic|egoistic|selfish|self-seeking|self-regarding|self-absorbed|self-obsessed|self-loving|narcissistic|vain|conceited|proud|self-important


word: EGOTISM
russian_word: самовлюбленность
example: in his arrogance and egotism, he underestimated Gill
definition: the fact of being excessively conceited or absorbed in oneself.
antonyms: altruism|modesty
origin: early 18th century: from French égoïste, from Latin ego ‘I’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛɡətɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈɛɡətɪz(ə)m|ˈiːɛɡətɪz(ə)m
synonyms:
self-centredness|egocentricity|egomania|self-interest|selfishness|self-seeking|self-serving|self-regard|self-absorption|self-obsession|self-love|narcissism|self-admiration|self-adulation|vanity|conceit|conceitedness|self-conceit|pride|self-esteem|self-importance|boastfulness|boasting|bragging|blowing one's own trumpet|amour propre|looking after number one|braggadocio


word: EGOTIST
russian_word: эготист
example: he is a self-absorbed egotist
definition: a person who is excessively conceited or absorbed in themselves; self-seeker.
antonyms: altruist
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛɡətɪst
phonetics_text: ˈɛɡətɪst
synonyms:
self-seeker|egocentric|egomaniac|self admirer|narcissist|boaster|brag|bragger|braggart|show-off|blowhard|swank|big-head|showboat|skite|swankpot


word: EGREGIOUS
russian_word: вопиющий
example: egregious abuses of copyright
definition: outstandingly bad; shocking.|remarkably good.
antonyms: marvellous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈɡriːdʒəs
phonetics_text: ɪˈɡriːdʒəs
synonyms:
shocking|appalling|horrific|horrifying|horrible|terrible|awful|dreadful|grievous|gross|ghastly|hideous|horrendous|frightful|atrocious|abominable|abhorrent|outrageous|monstrous|nightmarish|heinous|harrowing|dire|unspeakable|shameful|flagrant|glaring|blatant|scandalous|unforgivable|unpardonable|intolerable

origin:
mid 16th century (in egregious (sense 2)): from Latin egregius ‘illustrious’, literally ‘standing out from the flock’, from ex- ‘out’ + grex, greg- ‘flock’. Sense 1 (late 16th century) probably arose as an ironic use.


word: EGRESS
russian_word: выход
example: direct means of access and egress for passengers
definition: the action of going out of or leaving a place.|another term for emersion.
antonyms: entry
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈiːɡrɛs
phonetics_text: ˈiːɡrɛs
synonyms:
departure|leaving|exit|withdrawal|retreat|pull-out|exodus|issue|emergence|flowing out|escape|emanation|debouchment|vacation of a place

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin egressus ‘gone out’, from the verb egredi, from ex- ‘out’ + gradi ‘to step’.


word: EH
russian_word: а
example: ‘Eh? What's this?’
origin: natural utterance: first recorded in English in the mid 16th century.
part_of_speech: exclamation
phonetic: eɪ
phonetics_text: eɪ
definition:
used to represent a sound made in speech, especially one used to express inquiry, surprise, or to elicit agreement.


word: EIDER
russian_word: гага
origin: late 17th century: from Icelandic æthur, from Old Norse æthr .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪdə
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪdə
definition:
a northern sea duck, of which the male is mainly black-and-white with a coloured head, and the female brown.


word: EIGENVALUE
russian_word: собственное значение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪɡənˌvaljuː
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪɡənˌvaljuː
definition:
each of a set of values of a parameter for which a differential equation has a non-zero solution (an eigenfunction) under given conditions.|any number such that a given matrix minus that number times the identity matrix has zero determinant.


word: EIGHT
russian_word: восемь
example: a committee of eight members
definition: equivalent to the product of two and four; one more than seven, or two less than ten; 8.
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: eɪt
phonetics_text: eɪt
origin:
Old English ehta, eahta, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German acht, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin octo and Greek oktō .


word: EIGHTEENTH
russian_word: восемнадцатый
example: the eighteenth century
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ˌeɪˈtiːnθ
phonetics_text: ˌeɪˈtiːnθ
definition:
constituting number eighteen in a sequence; 18th.|each of eighteen equal parts into which something is or may be divided.


word: EIGHTH
russian_word: восьмой
example: in the eighth century|an eighth of an inch
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: eɪtθ
phonetics_text: eɪtθ
definition:
constituting number eight in a sequence; 8th.|each of eight equal parts into which something is or may be divided.


word: EIGHTY
russian_word: восемьдесят
example: eighty miles north
definition: equivalent to the product of eight and ten; ten less than ninety; 80.
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ˈeɪti
phonetics_text: ˈeɪti
origin:
Old English hunde(a)htatig, from hund (of uncertain origin) + e(a)hta ‘eight’ + -tig (see -ty2); the first element was lost early in the Middle English period.


word: EINKORN
russian_word: однозернянки
origin: early 20th century: from German, from ein ‘one’ + Korn ‘seed’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʌɪnkɔːn
phonetics_text: ˈʌɪnkɔːn
definition:
an old kind of wheat with small bearded ears and spikelets that each contain one slender grain, used as fodder in prehistoric times but now rarely grown.


word: EINSTEINIUM
russian_word: эйнштейний
origin: 1950s: from the name of Albert Einstein, Albert + -ium.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ʌɪnˈstʌɪnɪəm
phonetics_text: ʌɪnˈstʌɪnɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 99, a radioactive metal of the actinide series. Einsteinium does not occur naturally and was discovered in 1953 in debris from the first hydrogen bomb explosion.


word: EISH
russian_word: Эйш
example: eish, I never win!
definition: used to express a range of emotions, such as surprise, annoyance, or resignation.
part_of_speech: exclamation
phonetic: eɪʃ
phonetics_text: eɪʃ
origin:
1990s: origin uncertain. The term originated in the townships and is probably imitative of a non-verbal utterance.


word: EJACULATE
russian_word: эякулят
example: ‘That will do!’ he ejaculated
part_of_speech: verb|noun
definition:
(of a man or male animal) eject semen from the body at the moment of sexual climax.|say something quickly and suddenly.

synonyms:
emit semen|climax|have an orgasm|orgasm|come|shoot one's load|emit|eject|discharge|release|expel|excrete|disgorge|exude|spout|shoot out|squirt out|spew out|spurt out

phonetic:
late 16th century: from Latin ejaculat- ‘darted out’, from the verb ejaculari, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + jaculari ‘to dart’ (from jaculum ‘dart, javelin’, from jacere ‘to throw’).


word: EJACULATION
russian_word: эякуляция
definition: the action of ejecting semen from the body.|something said quickly and suddenly.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌdʒakjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌdʒakjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
emission|ejection|discharge|release|expulsion|exudation|excretion|disgorgement|emission of semen|climax|orgasm|night emission|coming|wet dream|exclamation|interjection|cry|call|shout|yell|utterance


word: EJECT
russian_word: выбрасывать
antonyms: take in
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈdʒɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪˈdʒɛkt
example:
lumps of viscous lava were ejected from the volcano|angry supporters were forcibly ejected from the court|plants utilize carbon dioxide in the atmosphere that animals eject

definition:
force or throw (something) out in a violent or sudden way.|compel (someone) to leave a place.|emit; give off.

synonyms:
emit|spew out|pour out|discharge|give off|give out|send out|belch|vent|exude|excrete|expel|cast out|release|disgorge|spout|vomit|throw up|spit out|cough up|disembogue

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin eject- ‘thrown out’, from the verb eicere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + jacere ‘to throw’.


word: EJECTION
russian_word: выброс
example: an explosive ejection of ash|the forcible ejection of a table of rowdy drunks
antonyms: absorption|admission|appointment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of forcing or throwing something out; emission.|the action of forcing someone to leave a place or position; expulsion.

synonyms:
emission|discharge|expulsion|release|exudation|excretion|elimination|disgorgement|throwing out|removal|ousting|eviction|dispossession|banishment|deportation|exile|dismissal|lay-off|redundancy|notice|cashiering|sacking|the sack|firing|axing|the boot|the push|the (old) heave-ho|the bullet|defenestration|turfing out|one's cards|the chop|the bum's rush


word: ELABORATE
russian_word: разрабатывать
example: elaborate security precautions
antonyms: simple|plain
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
definition:
involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated in design and planning.

synonyms:
complicated|detailed|intricate|complex|involved|tortuous|convoluted|serpentine|tangled|knotty|confusing|bewildering|baffling|painstaking|careful|inextricable|entangled|impenetrable|Byzantine|Daedalian|Gordian|involute|involuted|ornate|decorated|embellished|adorned|ornamented|fancy|over-elaborate|fussy|busy|ostentatious|extravagant|showy|baroque|rococo|florid|wedding-cake|gingerbread|flash|flashy

phonetic:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘produced by effort of labour’, also in elaborate (sense 2 of the verb)): from Latin elaborat- ‘worked out’, from the verb elaborare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + labor ‘work’.


word: ELAN
russian_word: порыв
example: they performed with uncommon elan onstage
definition: energy, style, and enthusiasm.
antonyms: clumsiness
origin: mid 19th century: from French élan, from élancer ‘to dart’, from é- ‘out’ + lancer ‘to throw’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: eɪˈlɒ̃
phonetics_text: eɪˈlɒ̃|eɪˈlan
synonyms:
flair|stylishness|smartness|elegance|grace|gracefulness|poise|polish|suaveness|sophistication|urbanity|chic|finesse|panache|flourish|taste|vigour|energy|pep|dynamism|forcefulness|force|strength|determination|motivation|push|vehemence|fanaticism|go|vitality|vivacity|buoyancy|liveliness|animation|sprightliness|zest|sparkle|effervescence|fizz|verve|spirit|spiritedness|ebullience|life|dash|brio|enthusiasm|eagerness|keenness|passion|zeal|fervour|relish|gusto|feeling|ardour|fire|fieriness|drive|esprit|class|pizzazz|ritziness|zing|zip|vim|punch|get-up-and-go|oomph|feistiness


word: ELAND
russian_word: антилопа канна
definition: a large spiral-horned African antelope which lives in open woodland and grassland.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːlənd
phonetics_text: ˈiːlənd
origin:
late 18th century: via Afrikaans from Dutch, ‘elk’, from obsolete German Elend, from Lithuanian élnis .


word: ELAPSE
russian_word: проходить
example: weeks elapsed before anyone was charged with the attack
definition: (of time) pass or go by.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈlaps
phonetics_text: ɪˈlaps
synonyms:
pass|go by/past|proceed|progress|advance|wear on|march on|slip by/away/past|roll by/past|glide by/past|slide by/past|steal by/past|tick by/past|fly by/past|creep by/past|crawl by/past

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘slip away’): from Latin elaps- ‘slipped away’, from the verb elabi, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out, away’ + labi ‘to glide, slip’.


word: ELASMOBRANCH
russian_word: пластинчатожаберных
definition: a cartilaginous fish of a group that comprises the sharks, rays, and skates.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlazmə(ʊ)braŋk
phonetics_text: ɪˈlazmə(ʊ)braŋk
origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin Elasmobranchii (plural), from Greek elasmos ‘beaten metal’ + brankhia ‘gills’.


word: ELASTIC
russian_word: эластичный
antonyms: rigid
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈlastɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈlastɪk
example:
a tourniquet of rubber tubing or other elastic material is placed around the upper arm|the definition of nationality is elastic in this cosmopolitan country|the labour supply is very elastic

definition:
(of an object or material) able to resume its normal shape spontaneously after being stretched or compressed.|able to encompass much variety and change; flexible and adaptable.|(of demand or supply) sensitive to changes in price or income.|(of a collision) involving no decrease of kinetic energy.

synonyms:
stretchy|stretchable|springy|flexible|pliant|pliable|supple|yielding|rubbery|elasticized|plastic|recoiling|resilient|bouncy|elasticated|tensible

origin:
mid 17th century (originally describing a gas in the sense ‘expanding spontaneously to fill the available space’): from modern Latin elasticus, from Greek elastikos ‘propulsive’, from elaunein ‘to drive’.


word: ELASTICATED
russian_word: эластичный
example: trousers with elasticated waists
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlastɪkeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪˈlastɪkeɪtɪd
definition:
(of a garment or part of a garment) made with rubber thread or tape and able to be stretched easily.


word: ELASTICITY
russian_word: эластичность
example: aging can decrease the elasticity of your skin|the price elasticity of electricity demand
antonyms: rigidity|dogmatism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛlaˈstɪsɪti
phonetics_text: ɛlaˈstɪsɪti|iːlaˈstɪsɪti|ɪlaˈstɪsɪti
definition:
the ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed; stretchiness.|ability to change and adapt; adaptability.|the degree to which a demand or supply is sensitive to changes in price or income.

synonyms:
stretchiness|flexibility|pliancy|suppleness|rubberiness|plasticity|resilience|springiness|give|adaptability|adjustability|fluidity|accommodation|versatility|variability|malleability|conformability


word: ELASTIN
russian_word: эластин
origin: late 19th century: from elastic + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlastɪn
phonetics_text: ɪˈlastɪn
definition:
a protein forming the main constituent of elastic connective tissue, found especially in the dermis of the skin.


word: ELATION
russian_word: восторг
example: Richard's elation at regaining his health was short-lived
definition: great happiness and exhilaration.
antonyms: misery
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
happiness|exhilaration|joy|joyousness|delight|glee|excitement|animation|jubilation|exultation|ecstasy|euphoria|bliss|rapture|rhapsody|rhapsodies|transport(s)|cloud nine|heaven|paradise|seventh heaven|the top of the world

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French elacion, from Latin elat- ‘raised’, from the verb efferre (see elate).


word: ELBOW
russian_word: локоть
example: she propped herself up on one elbow
definition: the joint between the forearm and the upper arm.
synonyms: arm joint|bend of the arm
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛlbəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɛlbəʊ
origin:
Old English elboga, elnboga, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch elleboog and German Ellenbogen (see also ell1, bow1).


word: ELBOW GREASE
russian_word: тяжелая работа
example: nothing would shift it however much elbow grease we used
definition: hard physical work, especially vigorous polishing or cleaning.
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
hard work|work|labour|toil|exertion|effort|slog|drudgery|industry|grind|sweat|donkey work|spadework|graft|fag|yakka|travail|moil


word: ELBOW ROOM
russian_word: простор
example: a restaurant with more elbow room
definition: adequate space to move or work in.
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
room to manoeuvre|room|space|breathing space|scope|freedom|play|free rein|licence|latitude|leeway|margin|clearance|Lebensraum


word: ELDERLY
russian_word: пожилой
example: an elderly relative
definition: (of a person) old or ageing.
antonyms: young|the young
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛldəli
phonetics_text: ˈɛldəli
synonyms:
aged|old|mature|older|senior|ancient|venerable|advanced in years|getting on|ageing|in one's dotage|long in the tooth|as old as the hills|grey|grey-haired|grey-bearded|grizzled|hoary|past one's prime|not as young as one was|not as young as one used to be|decrepit|doddering|doddery|not long for this world|senile|superannuated|septuagenarian|octogenarian|nonagenarian|centenarian|past it|over the hill|no spring chicken|senescent|longevous|old people|older people|elderly people|elders|geriatrics|senior citizens|(old-age) pensioners|OAPs|retired people|seniors|retirees|golden agers|(golden) oldies|wrinklies|oldsters|woopies


word: ELECAMPANE
russian_word: девясил
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛlɪkamˈpeɪn
phonetics_text: ˌɛlɪkamˈpeɪn
definition:
a plant that has yellow daisy-like flowers with long slender petals and bitter aromatic roots that are used in herbal medicine, native to central Asia.

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin enula (from Greek helenion ‘elecampane’) + campana probably meaning ‘of the fields’ (from campus ‘field’).


word: ELECT
russian_word: избранный
example: he was elected as councillor|more people elected to work at home
antonyms: vote out
part_of_speech: verb|adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛkt
definition:
choose (someone) to hold public office or some other position by voting.|opt for or choose to do something.

synonyms:
vote (for)|vote in|choose (by ballot)|cast one's vote for|pick|select|return|appoint|put in|put in power|opt for|decide on|settle on|fix on|plump for

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin elect- ‘picked out’, from the verb eligere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + legere ‘to pick’.


word: ELECTION
russian_word: выборы
example: the 2008 local council elections
definition: a formal and organized choice by vote of a person for a political office or other position.
antonyms: voting out
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin electio(n- ), from eligere ‘pick out’ (see elect).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
ballot|vote|poll|referendum|plebiscite|general election|local election|popular vote|straw vote/poll|show of hands|voting (in)|choosing|picking|selection|choice|appointment


word: ELECTIONEER
russian_word: агитировать за кандидата
example: it is, of course, his right to electioneer, but taxpayers should not be paying for it
synonyms: campaign|canvass|go on the hustings|doorstep|go out on the knocker
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪˌlɛkʃəˈnɪə
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛkʃəˈnɪə
definition:
(of a politician or political campaigner) take part actively and energetically in a campaign to be elected to public office.


word: ELECTOR
russian_word: избиратель
example: close to 60 per cent of the 60,000 registered electors voted|the Elector of Brandenburg
synonyms: voter|member of the electorate|enfranchised person|constituent|member of a constituency|selector
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktə
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktə
definition:
a person who has the right to vote in an election, especially one for members of a national parliament.|a German prince entitled to take part in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor.


word: ELECTRIC
russian_word: электрический
example: an electric cooker|the atmosphere was electric
antonyms: lifeless
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrɪk
definition:
of, worked by, charged with, or producing electricity.|having or producing a sudden sense of thrilling excitement.

synonyms:
generated by electricity|galvanic|voltaic|electric-powered|powered by electricity|electrically operated|electrically powered|mains-operated|battery-operated|electrically charged

origin:
mid 17th century: from modern Latin electricus, from Latin electrum ‘amber’, from Greek ēlektron (because rubbing amber causes electrostatic phenomena).


word: ELECTRIC GUITAR
russian_word: электрогитара
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a guitar with a built-in pickup or pickups which convert string vibrations into electrical signals for amplification.


word: ELECTRICITY
russian_word: электричество
example: the atmosphere was charged with a dangerous sexual electricity
synonyms: power|electric power|energy|current|static|power supply|mains|hydro|leccy|galvanism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪlɛkˈtrɪsɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɪlɛkˈtrɪsɪti|ˌɛlɛkˈtrɪsɪti|ˌiːlɛkˈtrɪsɪti
definition:
a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current.|a state or feeling of thrilling excitement.


word: ELECTRIFY
russian_word: электрифицировать
antonyms: bore
origin: mid 18th century: from electric + -fy.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrɪfʌɪ
example:
after locking the farm gate I had switched on the power to electrify the fence|the audience was electrified by her performance

definition:
charge with electricity; pass an electric current through.|arouse a sudden sense of great excitement in; thrill.

synonyms:
excite|thrill|stimulate|arouse|rouse|inspire|stir (up)|exhilarate|intoxicate|galvanize|move|motivate|fire (with enthusiasm)|fire someone's imagination|invigorate|animate|get someone going|startle|jolt|shock|light a fire under|give someone a buzz|give someone a kick|give someone a charge


word: ELECTRO
russian_word: электро
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrəʊ
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrəʊ
definition:
short for electrotype or electroplate.|a style of dance music with a fast beat and synthesized backing track.


word: ELECTRODERMAL
russian_word: электродермальной
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˌlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈdəːməl
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈdəːməl
definition:
relating to measurement of the electrical conductivity of the skin, especially as an indicator of someone's emotional responses.


word: ELECTRODIALYSIS
russian_word: электродиализа
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌlɛktrəʊdʌɪˈalɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛktrəʊdʌɪˈalɪsɪs
definition:
dialysis in which the movement of ions is aided by an electric field applied across the semipermeable membrane.


word: ELECTRODYNAMICS
russian_word: электродинамика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌlɛktrəʊdʌɪˈnamɪks
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛktrəʊdʌɪˈnamɪks
definition:
the branch of mechanics concerned with the interaction of electric currents with magnetic fields or with other electric currents.


word: ELECTROJET
russian_word: электроджета
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrəʊdʒɛt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrəʊdʒɛt
definition:
an intense electric current which occurs in a narrow belt in the lower ionosphere, especially in the region of strong auroral displays.


word: ELECTROLYSIS
russian_word: электролиз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɪlɛkˈtrɒlɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɪlɛkˈtrɒlɪsɪs|ˌɛlɛkˈtrɒlɪsɪs
definition:
chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions.|the removal of hair roots or small blemishes on the skin by the application of heat using an electric current.


word: ELECTROLYTE
russian_word: электролит
origin: mid 19th century: from electro- + Greek lutos ‘released’ (from luein ‘loosen’).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrəlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrəlʌɪt
definition:
a liquid or gel which contains ions and can be decomposed by electrolysis, e.g. that present in a battery.|the ionized or ionizable constituents of a living cell, blood, or other organic matter.


word: ELECTROMAGNET
russian_word: электромагнит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈmaɡnɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈmaɡnɪt
definition:
a soft metal core made into a magnet by the passage of electric current through a coil surrounding it.


word: ELECTRONEGATIVE
russian_word: электроотрицательный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˌlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈnɛɡətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈnɛɡətɪv
definition:
electrically negative.|(of an element) tending to acquire electrons and form negative ions in chemical reactions.


word: ELECTRONICA
russian_word: электроника
origin: 1980s: from electronic + -a2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪkə
phonetics_text: ɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪkə
definition:
a style of popular music deriving from techno and rave and having a more ambient, esoteric, or cerebral quality.|electronic devices or technology considered collectively.


word: ELECTRONICALLY
russian_word: в электронном виде
definition: by means of electronic equipment or devices.|in a way that relates to electrons.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˌɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪkli
phonetics_text: ˌɪlɛkˈtrɒnɪkli|ˌɛlɛkˈtrɒnɪkli
example:
the information can be recorded electronically|molecules that can accept energy to form electronically excited states


word: ELECTRONVOLT
russian_word: электронвольт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrɒnvəʊlt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrɒnvəʊlt|ɪˈlɛktrɒnvɒlt
definition:
a unit of energy equal to the work done on an electron in accelerating it through a potential difference of one volt.


word: ELECTROPOSITIVE
russian_word: электроположительный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈpɒzɪtɪv
phonetics_text: ɪlɛktrə(ʊ)ˈpɒzɪtɪv
definition:
electrically positive.|(of an element) tending to lose electrons and form positive ions in chemical reactions.


word: ELECTROSCOPE
russian_word: электроскоп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrəskəʊp
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrəskəʊp
definition:
an instrument for detecting and measuring electricity, especially as an indication of the ionization of air by radioactivity.


word: ELECTROWEAK
russian_word: электрослабого
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˌlɛktrəʊˈwiːk
phonetics_text: ɪˌlɛktrəʊˈwiːk
definition:
relating to or denoting electromagnetic and weak interactions regarded as manifestations of the same interaction.


word: ELECTRUM
russian_word: электрум
origin: late Middle English: via Latin from Greek ēlektron ‘amber, electrum’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktrəm
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktrəm
definition:
a natural or artificial alloy of gold with at least 20 per cent of silver, used for jewellery, especially in ancient times.


word: ELECTUARY
russian_word: электуарий
definition: a medicinal substance mixed with honey or another sweet substance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛktjʊ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛktjʊ(ə)ri
origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin electuarium, probably from Greek ekleikton, from ekleikhein ‘lick up’.


word: ELEGANCE
russian_word: элегантность
example: a slender woman with grace and elegance|the simplicity and elegance of the solution
antonyms: inelegance|gaucheness|messiness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛlɪɡ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪɡ(ə)ns
definition:
the quality of being graceful and stylish in appearance or manner.|the quality of being pleasingly ingenious and simple; neatness.

synonyms:
style|stylishness|grace|gracefulness|smoothness|taste|tastefulness|discernment|refinement|sophistication|dignity|distinction|propriety|poise|finesse|fashion|culture|beauty|charm|polish|suaveness|urbanity|panache|flair|dash|luxury|sumptuousness|opulence|grandeur|plushness|exquisiteness|swankiness|couth|neatness|simplicity|ingenuity|cleverness|deftness|intelligence|inventiveness


word: ELEGANT
russian_word: элегантный
antonyms: inelegant|gauche
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛlɪɡ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪɡ(ə)nt
example:
she will look elegant in black|the grand unified theory is compact and elegant in mathematical terms

definition:
graceful and stylish in appearance or manner.|(of a scientific theory or solution to a problem) pleasingly ingenious and simple.

synonyms:
stylish|graceful|tasteful|discerning|refined|sophisticated|dignified|cultivated|distinguished|classic|smart|fashionable|modish|decorous|beautiful|artistic|aesthetic|lovely|charming|polished|suave|urbane|cultured|dashing|debonair|luxurious|sumptuous|opulent|grand|plush|high-class|exquisite|swanky

origin:
late 15th century: from French, or from Latin elegans, elegant-, related to eligere ‘choose, select’ (see elect).


