# Dictionary_data_final

word: ELEGIAC
russian_word: элегический
example: haunting and elegiac poems
definition: relating to or characteristic of an elegy.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛlɪˈdʒʌɪək
phonetics_text: ˌɛlɪˈdʒʌɪək
origin:
late 16th century: from French élégiaque, or via late Latin, from Greek elegeiakos, from elegeia (see elegy).


word: ELEGY
russian_word: элегия
synonyms: funeral poem/song|burial hymn|lament|dirge|plaint|requiem|keening|keen|coronach|threnody|threnode
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛlɪdʒi
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪdʒi
definition:
(in modern literature) a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead.|(in Greek and Latin verse) a poem written in elegiac couplets, as notably by Catullus and Propertius.

origin:
early 16th century: from French élégie, or via Latin, from Greek elegeia, from elegos ‘mournful poem’.


word: ELEMENT
russian_word: элемент
example: the death had all the elements of a great tabloid story|there was no barrier against the elements
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛlɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪm(ə)nt
definition:
an essential or characteristic part of something abstract.|each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter. Each element is distinguished by its atomic number, i.e. the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms.|strong winds, heavy rain, or other kinds of bad weather.|a part in an electric kettle, heater, or cooker which contains a wire through which an electric current is passed to provide heat.

synonyms:
component|constituent|part|section|portion|piece|segment|bit|factor|feature|facet|ingredient|strand|detail|point|member|unit|module|item|essential|integrand

origin:
Middle English (denoting fundamental constituents of the world or celestial objects): via Old French from Latin elementum ‘principle, rudiment’, translating Greek stoikheion ‘step, component part’.


word: ELEMENTAL
russian_word: стихийный
definition: forming an essential or typical feature; fundamental.|related to or embodying the powers of nature.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛlɪˈmɛnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɛlɪˈmɛnt(ə)l
example:
failure is always apparent at this elemental level|a thunderstorm is the inevitable outcome of battling elemental forces

synonyms:
basic|primary|principal|fundamental|essential|elementary|radical|root|underlying|rudimentary|primitive|primordial

origin:
late 15th century: from medieval Latin elementalis, from elementum ‘principle, rudiment’ (see element).


word: ELEMENTARY
russian_word: элементарный
example: an elementary astronomy course|a series of elementary exercises
antonyms: difficult|complicated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛlɪˈmɛnt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɛlɪˈmɛnt(ə)ri
definition:
relating to the basic elements of a subject.|straightforward and uncomplicated.|not able to be decomposed into elements or other primary constituents.

synonyms:
easy|simple|straightforward|uncomplicated|undemanding|unexacting|effortless|painless|uninvolved|child's play|plain sailing|rudimentary|facile|simplistic|as easy as falling off a log|as easy as pie|as easy as ABC|a piece of cake|easy-peasy|no sweat|kids' stuff

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘composed of the four elements, earth, air, fire, and water’): from Latin elementarius, from elementum ‘principle, rudiment’ (see element). Current senses date from the mid 16th century.


word: ELEPHANTIASIS
russian_word: слоновость
origin: mid 16th century: via Latin from Greek, from elephas, elephant- ‘elephant’ + -iasis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛlɪf(ə)nˈtʌɪəsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛlɪf(ə)nˈtʌɪəsɪs
definition:
a condition in which a limb or other part of the body becomes grossly enlarged due to obstruction of the lymphatic vessels, typically by the nematode parasites which cause filariasis.


word: ELEPHANTINE
russian_word: неуклюжий
example: there was an elephantine thud from the bathroom
antonyms: small
origin: early 17th century: via Latin from Greek elephantinos, from elephas, elephant- ‘elephant’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛlɪˈfantʌɪn
phonetics_text: ɛlɪˈfantʌɪn
definition:
of, resembling, or characteristic of an elephant or elephants, especially in being large, clumsy, or awkward.

synonyms:
enormous|huge|great|massive|giant|immense|tremendous|colossal|mammoth|gargantuan|vast|prodigious|gigantic|monumental|stupendous|titanic|monstrous|very big|very large|bulky|heavy|weighty|ponderous|lumbering|clumsy|laborious|jumbo|hulking|whopping|whopping great|thumping|thumping great|humongous|monster|almighty|dirty great|socking great|whacking|whacking great|ginormous


word: ELEVATE
russian_word: возвысить
example: the exercise will naturally elevate your chest and head|he was elevated to Secretary of State
definition: raise or lift (something) to a higher position.|raise to a more important or impressive level.
antonyms: lower
synonyms: raise|lift (up)|raise up/aloft|buoy up|upraise|bear aloft|hoist|hike up|haul up|heft up|boost
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛlɪveɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪveɪt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin elevat- ‘raised’, from the verb elevare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out, away’ + levare ‘lighten’ (from levis ‘light’).


word: ELEVATION
russian_word: высота
antonyms: demotion
origin: late Middle English: from Latin elevatio(n- ), from elevare ‘raise’ (see elevate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
example:
her sudden elevation to the cabinet|the area has a topography that ranges from 1,500 to 3,000 metres in elevation|a burglar alarm was displayed on the front elevation

definition:
the action or fact of raising or being raised to a higher or more important level, state, or position.|height above a given level, especially sea level.|a particular side of a building.

synonyms:
promotion|upgrading|advancement|advance|preferment|aggrandizement|move up|step up|ennoblement|step up the ladder|kick upstairs|leg-up


word: ELEVEN
russian_word: одиннадцать
example: the room was about eleven feet wide
definition: equivalent to the sum of six and five; one more than ten; 11.
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ɪˈlɛv(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛv(ə)n
origin:
Old English endleofon, from the base of one + a second element (probably expressing the sense ‘left over’) occurring also in twelve; of Germanic origin and related to Dutch and German elf .


word: ELEVENSES
russian_word: легкий завтрак около 11 часов утра
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɛv(ə)nzɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛv(ə)nzɪz
definition:
a short break for light refreshments, usually with tea or coffee, taken at about eleven o'clock in the morning.


word: ELEVENTH
russian_word: одиннадцатый
example: the eleventh century
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ɪˈlɛv(ə)nθ
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɛv(ə)nθ
definition:
constituting number eleven in a sequence; 11th.|each of eleven equal parts into which something is or may be divided.


word: ELF
russian_word: эльф
example: birthmarks were thought to be bruises left by elves
synonyms: pixie|fairy|sprite|imp|brownie|dwarf|gnome|goblin|hobgoblin|leprechaun|puck|troll|Sidhe|nix|nixie
origin: Old English, of Germanic origin; related to German Alp ‘nightmare’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛlf
phonetics_text: ɛlf
definition:
a supernatural creature of folk tales, typically represented as a small, delicate, elusive figure in human form with pointed ears, magical powers, and a capricious nature.


word: ELFIN
russian_word: эльфийский
example: her black hair suited her elfin face|an enchanted world of fairies in elfin glades
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɛlfɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɛlfɪn
definition:
(of a person or their face) small and delicate, typically with a mischievous charm.|relating to elves.

synonyms:
elflike|elfish|elvish|pixie-like|puckish|impish|playful|mischievous|dainty|delicate|small|petite|slight|little|tiny|diminutive

origin:
late 16th century: from elf, probably suggested by Middle English elvene  ‘of elves’, and by Elphin, the name of a character in Arthurian romance.


word: ELICIT
russian_word: выявлять
example: I tried to elicit a smile from Joanna
definition: evoke or draw out (a reaction, answer, or fact) from someone.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈlɪsɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪsɪt
synonyms:
obtain|bring out|draw out|extract|evoke|bring about|bring forth|induce|excite|give rise to|call forth|prompt|generate|engender|spark off|trigger|kindle|extort|exact|wrest|derive|provoke|wring|screw|squeeze|worm out

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin elicit- ‘drawn out by trickery or magic’, from the verb elicere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + lacere ‘entice, deceive’.


word: ELIGIBLE
russian_word: право
example: customers who are eligible for discounts
definition: having the right to do or obtain something; satisfying the appropriate conditions.
antonyms: ineligible
synonyms: entitled|permitted|allowed|qualified|acceptable|suitable|appropriate|fit|fitting|worthy|competent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛlɪdʒɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪdʒɪb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: via French from late Latin eligibilis, from Latin eligere ‘choose’ (see elect).


word: ELIMINATE
russian_word: ликвидировать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt
example:
a policy that would eliminate inflation|this diet claims to eliminate toxins from the body|the acid portion of one molecule reacts with the basic portion of the other, and water is eliminated

definition:
completely remove or get rid of (something).|expel (waste matter) from the body.|remove (a variable) from an equation, typically by substituting another which is shown by another equation to be equivalent.|generate (a simple substance) as a product in the course of a reaction involving larger molecules.

synonyms:
remove|get rid of|abolish|put an end to|do away with|banish|end|stop|terminate|eradicate|destroy|annihilate|stamp out|obliterate|wipe out|extinguish|quash|finish off|give something the chop|knock something on the head

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘drive out’): from Latin eliminat- ‘turned out of doors’, from the verb eliminare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + limen, limin- ‘threshold’.


word: ELITE
russian_word: элита
example: the elite of Britain's armed forces
antonyms: dregs
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: eɪˈliːt
phonetics_text: eɪˈliːt|ɪˈliːt
definition:
a select group that is superior in terms of ability or qualities to the rest of a group or society.|a size of letter in typewriting, with 12 characters to the inch (about 4.7 to the centimetre).

synonyms:
best|pick|cream|flower|nonpareil|elect|aristocracy|nobility|gentry|upper class|privileged class|first class|establishment|high society|jet set|beautiful people|bhadralok|beau monde|haut monde|crème de la crème|A-list|four hundred

origin:
mid 18th century: from French élite ‘selection, choice’, from élire ‘to elect’, from a variant of Latin eligere (see elect). elite (sense 2) dates from the early 20th century.


word: ELIXIR
russian_word: эликсир
example: an elixir guaranteed to induce love|a cough elixir
definition: a magical or medicinal potion.|a particular type of medicinal solution.
synonyms: potion|concoction|brew|philtre|decoction|medicine|tincture|tonic|draught|potation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɪksə
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪksə|ɪˈlɪksɪə
origin:
late Middle English: via medieval Latin from Arabic al-'iksīr, from al ‘the’ + 'iksīr from Greek xērion ‘powder for drying wounds’ (from xēros ‘dry’).


word: ELLIPSOID
russian_word: эллипсоид
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈlɪpsɔɪd
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪpsɔɪd
definition:
a three-dimensional figure symmetrical about each of three perpendicular axes, whose plane sections normal to one axis are circles and all the other plane sections are ellipses.


word: ELLIPTICAL
russian_word: эллиптический
example: elliptical colloquial exchanges
antonyms: clear|direct
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈlɪptɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈlɪptɪk(ə)l
definition:
(of speech or writing) using or involving ellipsis, especially so as to be difficult to understand.|another term for elliptic.

synonyms:
terse|concise|succinct|compact|economic|brief|laconic|sparing|pithy|curt|clipped|abstruse|cryptic|ambiguous|obscure|incomprehensible|unfathomable|oblique|recondite|Delphic


word: ELOCUTION
russian_word: ораторское искусство
example: lessons in singing and elocution
definition: the skill of clear and expressive speech, especially of distinct pronunciation and articulation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛləˈkjuːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛləˈkjuːʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
pronunciation|enunciation|articulation|diction|speech|voice production|intonation|voicing|vocalization|modulation|phrasing|delivery|utterance|fluency|public speaking|oratory|speech-making|declamation

origin:
late Middle English (denoting oratorical or literary style): from Latin elocutio(n- ), from eloqui ‘speak out’ (see eloquence).


word: ELONGATE
russian_word: удлиненный
example: an artist known for elongating the human figures in his paintings
definition: make (something) longer, especially unusually so in relation to its width.
antonyms: shorten
synonyms: lengthen|stretch out|make longer|extend|broaden|widen|enlarge
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic: ˈiːlɒŋɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈiːlɒŋɡeɪt
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘move away’): from late Latin elongat- ‘placed at a distance’, from the verb elongare, from Latin e- (variant of ex- ) ‘away’ + longe ‘far off’, longus ‘long’.


word: ELOPE
russian_word: сбежать
example: later he eloped with one of the housemaids
definition: run away secretly in order to get married.
synonyms: run away to marry|run off/away together|slip away|sneak off|steal away|run off/away with a lover
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈləʊp
phonetics_text: ɪˈləʊp
origin:
late 16th century (in the general sense ‘abscond, run away’): from Anglo-Norman French aloper, perhaps related to leap.


word: ELOQUENCE
russian_word: красноречие
example: a preacher of great power and eloquence
definition: fluent or persuasive speaking or writing.
antonyms: inarticulacy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛləkwəns
phonetics_text: ˈɛləkwəns
synonyms:
oratory|rhetoric|grandiloquence|magniloquence|expressiveness|articulacy|articulateness|fluency|facility|persuasiveness|diction|enunciation|locution|command of language|power of speech|gift of the gab|way with words|blarney

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin eloquentia, from eloqui ‘speak out’, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + loqui ‘speak’.


word: ELOQUENT
russian_word: красноречивый
example: an eloquent speech
definition: fluent or persuasive in speaking or writing.
antonyms: inarticulate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛləkwənt
phonetics_text: ˈɛləkwənt
synonyms:
persuasive|expressive|articulate|fluent|strong|forceful|powerful|potent|well spoken|silver-tongued|smooth-tongued|well expressed|graceful|lucid|vivid|effective|graphic|glib

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin eloquent- ‘speaking out’, from the verb eloqui (see eloquence).


word: ELSEWHERE
russian_word: в другом месте
example: he is seeking employment elsewhere
definition: in, at, or to some other place or other places.
antonyms: here|in the same place
origin: Old English elles hwǣr (see else, where).
part_of_speech: adverb|pronoun
phonetic: ɛlsˈwɛː
phonetics_text: ɛlsˈwɛː|ˈɛlswɛː
synonyms:
somewhere else|in/at/to another place|in/at/to a different place|not here|not present|absent|away|abroad|not at home|gone|out|hence


word: ELUCIDATE
russian_word: разъяснять
example: work such as theirs will help to elucidate this matter
definition: make (something) clear; explain.
antonyms: confuse|obscure
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈl(j)uːsɪdeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈl(j)uːsɪdeɪt
synonyms:
explain|make clear|make plain|illuminate|throw/shed light on|clarify|comment on|interpret|explicate|expound on|gloss|annotate|spell out|clear up|sort out|resolve|straighten up/out|unravel|untangle

origin:
mid 16th century: from late Latin elucidat- ‘made clear’, from the verb elucidare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + lucidus ‘lucid’.


word: ELUCIDATION
russian_word: разъяснение
example: work that led to the elucidation of the structure of proteins
definition: explanation that makes something clear; clarification.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌl(j)uːsɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌl(j)uːsɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
explanation|clarification|illumination|commentary|interpretation|explication|gloss|annotation|account|report|setting out|exegesis|comment|exposition


word: ELUDE
russian_word: ускользать
example: he tried to elude the security men by sneaking through a back door|sleep still eluded her
antonyms: be caught by
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈl(j)uːd
phonetics_text: ɪˈl(j)uːd
definition:
escape from or avoid (a danger, enemy, or pursuer), typically in a skilful or cunning way.|(of an achievement or something desired) fail to be attained by (someone).

synonyms:
evade|avoid|get away from|dodge|flee|escape (from)|run (away) from|lose|duck|shake off|give the slip to|slip away from|throw off the scent|slip through someone's fingers|slip through the net|circumvent|bilk

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘delude, baffle’): from Latin eludere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out, away from’ + ludere ‘to play’.


word: ELUSORY
russian_word: иллюзорный
definition: difficult to find, catch, or achieve; elusive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈluːs(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪˈluːs(ə)ri
origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin elusorius, from Latin elus- ‘eluded’ (from the verb eludere ).


word: ELVER
russian_word: молодой угорь
definition: a young eel, especially when undergoing mass migration upriver from the sea.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛlvə
phonetics_text: ˈɛlvə
origin:
mid 17th century: variant of dialect eel-fare  ‘the passage of young eels up a river’, also ‘a brood of young eels’, from eel + fare in its original sense ‘a journey’.


word: ELYTRON
russian_word: надкрылье
definition: each of the two wing cases of a beetle.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛlɪtrɒn
phonetics_text: ˈɛlɪtrɒn
origin:
mid 18th century (denoting a sheath or covering, specifically that of the spinal cord): from Greek elutron ‘sheath’.


word: EMACIATED
russian_word: истощенный
example: she was so emaciated she could hardly stand
definition: abnormally thin or weak, especially because of illness or a lack of food.
antonyms: fat
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmeɪsɪeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪˈmeɪsɪeɪtɪd
synonyms:
thin|skeletal|bony|wasted|thin as a rake|scrawny|skinny|scraggy|skin and bones|raw-boned|angular|sticklike|size-zero|starved|underfed|undernourished|underweight|half-starved|cadaverous|shrivelled|shrunken|withered|gaunt|haggard|drawn|pinched|wizened|attenuated|atrophied|anorexic|looking like a bag of bones|phthisical

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin emaciat- ‘made thin’, from the verb emaciare, from e- (variant of ex-, expressing a change of state) + macies ‘leanness’.


word: EMACIATION
russian_word: истощение
example: thin to the point of emaciation
definition: the state of being abnormally thin or weak.
antonyms: obesity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌmeɪsɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌmeɪsɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
thinness|boniness|scrawniness|skinniness|scragginess|starvation|underfeeding|undernourishment|cadaverousness|gauntness|haggardness|attenuation|atrophy|anorexia|phthisis


word: EMANATE
russian_word: исходить
example: warmth emanated from the fireplace
definition: (of a feeling, quality, or sensation) issue or spread out from (a source).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛməneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛməneɪt
synonyms:
emerge|flow|pour|proceed|issue|ensue|come out|come forth|spread out|come|be uttered|be emitted|be transmitted|arise|originate|stem|derive|spring|start

origin:
mid 18th century: from Latin emanat- ‘flowed out’, from the verb emanare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + manare ‘to flow’.


word: EMANATION
russian_word: эманация
synonyms: product|consequence|result|fruit|corollary|concomitant|by-product|side effect
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛməˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛməˈneɪʃ(ə)n
example:
she saw the insults as emanations of his own tortured personality|they believe that each human soul is an emanation of Godhood

definition:
something which originates or issues from a source.|(in various mystical traditions) a being or force which is a manifestation of God.


word: EMANCIPATE
russian_word: эмансипировать
definition: set free, especially from legal, social, or political restrictions.
synonyms: liberated|independent|unconstrained|unrepressed|uninhibited|free and easy|free|free-spirited
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmansɪpeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈmansɪpeɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin emancipat- ‘transferred as property’, from the verb emancipare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + mancipium ‘slave’.


word: EMANCIPATION
russian_word: эмансипация
example: the social and political emancipation of women
definition: the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation.
antonyms: enslavement|slavery
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌmansɪˈpeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌmansɪˈpeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
freeing|liberation|liberating|setting free|release|releasing|letting loose/out|setting loose/free|discharge|unchaining|unfettering|unshackling|untying|unyoking|uncaging|unbridling|freedom|liberty|manumission|disenthralment


word: EMASCULATE
russian_word: кастрировать
definition: deprive (a man) of his male role or identity.|make (someone or something) weaker or less effective.
antonyms: strengthen
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmaskjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈmaskjʊleɪt
example:
in his mind, her success emasculated him|the refusal to allow them to testify effectively emasculated the committee

synonyms:
weaken|make feeble/feebler|debilitate|enfeeble|enervate|dilute|erode|undermine|impoverish|cripple|reduce the powers of|remove the sting from|pull the teeth of|water down

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin emasculat- ‘castrated’, from the verb emasculare, from e- (variant of ex-, expressing a change of state) + masculus ‘male’.


word: EMBALM
russian_word: бальзамировать
example: his body was embalmed and buried in Westminster Abbey|the buxom air, embalm'd with odours
synonyms: preserve|mummify|lay out|anoint
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbɑːm
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɑːm|ɛmˈbɑːm
definition:
preserve (a corpse) from decay, originally with spices and now usually by arterial injection of a preservative.|give a pleasant fragrance to.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French embaumer, from em- ‘in’ + baume ‘balm’, variant of basme (see balm).


word: EMBARGO
russian_word: эмбарго
example: an embargo on grain sales|an embargo laid by our Emperor upon all vessels whatsoever
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɛmˈbɑːɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ɛmˈbɑːɡəʊ|ɪmˈbɑːɡəʊ
definition:
an official ban on trade or other commercial activity with a particular country.|an order of a state forbidding foreign ships to enter, or any ships to leave, its ports.

origin:
early 17th century: from Spanish, from embargar ‘arrest’, based on Latin in- ‘in, within’ + barra ‘a bar’.


word: EMBARRASS
russian_word: смущать
definition: cause (someone) to feel awkward, self-conscious, or ashamed.|hamper or impede (a person or action).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbarəs
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbarəs|ɛmˈbarəs
example:
she wouldn't embarrass either of them by making a scene|the state of the rivers will embarrass the enemy

synonyms:
shame|humiliate|make ashamed|demean|abash|mortify|horrify|appal|crush|make uncomfortable|make awkward|make self-conscious|make uneasy|upset|disconcert|discomfit|discompose|confuse|fluster|agitate|nonplus|discountenance|distress|chagrin|discredit|dishonour|show up|faze|rattle|discombobulate|own

origin:
early 17th century (in embarrass (sense 2 of the verb)): from French embarrasser, from Spanish embarazar, probably from Portuguese embaraçar (from baraço ‘halter’).


word: EMBARRASSED
russian_word: смущенный
example: I felt quite embarrassed whenever I talked to her
definition: feeling or showing embarrassment.
antonyms: unabashed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈbarəst
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbarəst|ɛmˈbarəst
synonyms:
awkward|self-conscious|uneasy|uncomfortable|unsettled|sheepish|red-faced|blushing|shy|shamed|ashamed|shamefaced|humiliated|humbled|demeaned|abashed|mortified|horrified|appalled|crushed|upset|disconcerted|discomfited|discomposed|confused|flustered|agitated|nonplussed|discountenanced|distressed|chastened|chagrined|discredited|dishonoured|with egg on one's face


word: EMBARRASSING
russian_word: смущающий
example: an embarrassing muddle
definition: causing embarrassment.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈbarəsɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbarəsɪŋ|ɛmˈbarəsɪŋ
synonyms:
shaming|shameful|humiliating|mortifying|demeaning|degrading|ignominious|upsetting|disconcerting|discomfiting|discomposing|confusing|flustering|agitating|discountenancing|distressing|discreditable|dishonouring|disgraceful|blush-making|cringey|awkward|uncomfortable|difficult|tricky|delicate|sensitive|problematic|troublesome|thorny|knotty|vexatious|ticklish|compromising|sticky|dicey|hairy|cringeworthy|cringe-making|dodgy


word: EMBARRASSMENT
russian_word: смущение
example: I turned red with embarrassment
definition: a feeling of self-consciousness, shame, or awkwardness.
antonyms: confidence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbarəsmənt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbarəsmənt|ɛmˈbarəsmənt
synonyms:
awkwardness|self-consciousness|unease|uneasiness|discomfort|discomfiture|edginess|shame|humiliation|mortification|ignominy|sheepishness|shyness|bashfulness|discomposure|flusteredness|perturbation|confusion|agitation|distress|chagrin


word: EMBASSAGE
russian_word: должность посла
example: he listened to this late embassage
definition: the business or message of an envoy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmbəsɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈɛmbəsɪdʒ
origin:
late 15th century (denoting the action of sending an envoy): from Old French ambasse ‘message or embassy’ + -age.


word: EMBASSY
russian_word: посольство
example: the Chilean embassy in Moscow|Worsley failed to be selected to join the embassy to Sweden
synonyms: consulate|legation|ministry
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmbəsi
phonetics_text: ˈɛmbəsi
definition:
the official residence or offices of an ambassador.|a deputation or mission sent by one ruler or state to another.

origin:
late 16th century (originally also as ambassy denoting the position of ambassador): from Old French ambasse, based on Latin ambactus ‘servant’. Compare with ambassador.


word: EMBED
russian_word: вставлять
synonyms: implant|plant|set|fix|lodge|root|insert|place|sink|submerge|immerse|drive in|hammer in|ram in
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbɛd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɛd|ɛmˈbɛd
example:
he had an operation to remove a nail embedded in his chest|the CNN correspondent is now embedded with the US Navy aboard the USS Constellation

definition:
fix (an object) firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass.|attach (a journalist) to a military unit during a conflict.


word: EMBELLISH
russian_word: приукрашивать
example: blue silk embellished with golden embroidery
definition: make (something) more attractive by the addition of decorative details or features.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbɛlɪʃ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɛlɪʃ|ɛmˈbɛlɪʃ
synonyms:
decorate|adorn|ornament|dress|dress up|furnish|beautify|enhance|enrich|grace|trim|garnish|gild|varnish|brighten up|ginger up|deck|bedeck|festoon|emblazon|bespangle|do up|do out|jazz up|zhoosh (up)|tart up|bejewel|bedizen|caparison|furbelow|befrill

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French embelliss-, lengthened stem of embellir, based on bel ‘handsome’, from Latin bellus .


word: EMBELLISHMENT
russian_word: приукрашивание
example: architectural embellishments
definition: a decorative detail or feature added to something to make it more attractive.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbɛlɪʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɛlɪʃm(ə)nt|ɛmˈbɛlɪʃm(ə)nt
synonyms:
decoration|ornamentation|adornment|beautification|enhancement|trimming|trim|garnishing|gilding|frill|enrichment|varnishing|embroidery|decorating|embellishing|bedecking|festooning|emblazoning


word: EMBER
russian_word: тлеющие угли
example: the dying embers in the grate
definition: a small piece of burning or glowing coal or wood in a dying fire.
synonyms: glowing coal|live coal|cinder|ashes|residue|clinker|charcoal
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmbə
phonetics_text: ˈɛmbə
origin:
Old English ǣmyrge, of Germanic origin; related to Old High German eimuria ‘pyre’, Danish emmer, Swedish mörja ‘embers’. The b was added in English for ease of pronunciation.


word: EMBEZZLE
russian_word: присваивать
example: she had embezzled £5,600,000 in company funds
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbɛz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɛz(ə)l|ɛmˈbɛz(ə)l
definition:
steal or misappropriate (money placed in one's trust or belonging to the organization for which one works).

synonyms:
misappropriate|steal|rob|thieve|pilfer|appropriate|abstract|defraud someone of|siphon off|pocket|take|take for oneself|help oneself to|line one's pockets/purse with|put one's hand in the till|dip into the public purse|commit white-collar crime|commit fraud|rip off|filch|swipe|lift|skim|snaffle|pinch|nick|half-inch|whip|nobble|peculate|defalcate|purloin

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘steal’): from Anglo-Norman French embesiler, from besiler in the same sense (compare with Old French besillier ‘maltreat, ravage’), of unknown ultimate origin. The current sense dates from the late 16th century.


word: EMBEZZLEMENT
russian_word: хищение
example: charges of fraud and embezzlement
definition: theft or misappropriation of funds placed in one's trust or belonging to one's employer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛmˈbɛzlm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɛmˈbɛzlm(ə)nt
synonyms:
misappropriation|theft|stealing|robbing|robbery|thieving|pilfering|pilferage|appropriation|abstraction|swindling|white-collar crime|fraud|larceny|misuse of funds|ripping off|filching|swiping|lifting|skimming|snaffling|monkey business|pinching|nicking|half-inching|whipping|nobbling|peculation|defalcation|purloining


word: EMBITTER
russian_word: озлоблять
example: he didn't let illness and divorce embitter him
definition: make (someone) feel bitter or resentful.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbɪtə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɪtə|ɛmˈbɪtə
synonyms:
make bitter|make resentful|sour|anger|poison|envenom|make rancorous|jaundice|antagonize|vex|frustrate|alienate|disillusion|disaffect|dissatisfy|discourage|rankle


word: EMBLEM
russian_word: эмблема
example: America's national emblem, the bald eagle
definition: a heraldic device or symbolic object as a distinctive badge of a nation, organization, or family.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmbləm
phonetics_text: ˈɛmbləm
synonyms:
symbol|representation|token|image|figure|mark|sign|crest|badge|device|insignia|stamp|seal|design|heraldic device|coat of arms|shield|logo|trademark

origin:
late 16th century (as a verb): from Latin emblema ‘inlaid work, raised ornament’, from Greek emblēma ‘insertion’, from emballein ‘throw in, insert’, from em- ‘in’ + ballein ‘to throw’.


word: EMBLEMATIC
russian_word: символический
example: this case is emblematic of a larger problem
definition: serving as a symbol of a particular quality or concept; symbolic.
antonyms: representational|realistic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛmbləˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛmbləˈmatɪk
synonyms:
symbolic|representative|demonstrative|suggestive|symptomatic|indicative|typical|characteristic|allegorical|symbolizing|metaphorical|parabolic|evocative|figurative


word: EMBODIMENT
russian_word: воплощение
example: she seemed to be a living embodiment of vitality
definition: a tangible or visible form of an idea, quality, or feeling.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbɒdɪmənt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɒdɪmənt
synonyms:
personification|incarnation|incorporation|realization|manifestation|expression|representation|actualization|concretization|symbol|symbolization|paradigm|epitome|paragon|soul|model|type|typification|essence|quintessence|exemplification|example|exemplar|ideal|idea|textbook example|reification


word: EMBODY
russian_word: воплощают
origin: mid 16th century: from em- + body, on the pattern of Latin incorporare .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbɒdi
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbɒdi|ɛmˈbɒdi
example:
a national team that embodies competitive spirit and skill|the changes in law embodied in the Children Act|Livius embodied the population of the town

definition:
be an expression of or give a tangible or visible form to (an idea, quality, or feeling).|include or contain (something) as a constituent part.|form (people) into a body, especially for military purposes.

synonyms:
personify|incorporate|give human form/shape to|realize|manifest|express|concretize|symbolize|represent|epitomize|stand for|encapsulate|typify|exemplify|reify|incarnate|image


word: EMBOLDEN
russian_word: взбодрить
antonyms: dishearten|discourage
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbəʊld(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbəʊld(ə)n|ɛmˈbəʊld(ə)n
example:
emboldened by the claret, he pressed his knee against hers|centre, embolden, and underline the heading

definition:
give (someone) the courage or confidence to do something.|cause (a piece of text) to appear in a bold typeface.

synonyms:
give courage|make brave/braver|encourage|hearten|strengthen|fortify|stiffen the resolve of|lift the morale of|rouse|stir|stimulate|cheer|rally|give confidence|brace|fire|inflame|animate|motivate|invigorate|vitalize|buck up|inspirit


word: EMBOUCHURE
russian_word: амбушюр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɒmbʊˈʃʊə
phonetics_text: ˌɒmbʊˈʃʊə
definition:
the way in which a player applies their mouth to the mouthpiece of a brass or wind instrument, especially as it affects the production of the sound.|the mouth of a river or valley.

origin:
mid 18th century: French, from s'emboucher ‘discharge itself by the mouth’, from emboucher ‘put in or to the mouth’, from em- ‘into’ + bouche ‘mouth’.


word: EMBOWEL
russian_word: потрошить
definition: archaic term for disembowel.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbaʊ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbaʊ(ə)l|ɛmˈbaʊ(ə)l
origin:
early 16th century: from Old French emboweler, alteration of esboueler, from es- ‘out’ + bouel ‘bowel’.


word: EMBRACE
russian_word: охватывать
antonyms: reject
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbreɪs
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbreɪs|ɛmˈbreɪs
example:
Aunt Sophie embraced her warmly|besides traditional methods, artists are embracing new technology|his career embraces a number of activities—composing, playing, and acting

definition:
hold (someone) closely in one's arms, especially as a sign of affection.|accept (a belief, theory, or change) willingly and enthusiastically.|include or contain (something) as a constituent part.

synonyms:
hug|take/hold in one's arms|hold|cuddle|clasp to one's bosom|clasp|squeeze|clutch|seize|grab|nuzzle|caress|enfold|enclasp|encircle|enclose|envelop|entwine oneself around|canoodle|smooch|embosom

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘encircle, surround, enclose’; formerly also as imbrace ): from Old French embracer, based on Latin in- ‘in’ + bracchium ‘arm’.


word: EMBRITTLE
russian_word: охрупчивать
definition: make or become brittle.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbrɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbrɪt(ə)l|ɛmˈbrɪt(ə)l
example:
it was found that cotton and rayon could be made crease resisting, although the products were greatly embrittled


word: EMBROCATE
russian_word: класть припарки
definition: bathe (a diseased or painful part of the body) with liquid.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛmbrəkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛmbrəkeɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin embrocat-, from the verb embrocare, based on Greek embrokhē ‘lotion’.


word: EMBROCATION
russian_word: растирание
example: a bottle of embrocation
definition: a liquid for rubbing on the body to relieve pain from sprains and strains.
synonyms: ointment|lotion|cream|rub|salve|emollient|preparation|application|liniment|balm|poultice|unguent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛmbrəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛmbrəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin embrocatio(n- ), from the verb embrocare, based on Greek embrokhē ‘lotion’.


word: EMBROIDER
russian_word: вышивать
example: she embroidered a tablecloth|she embroidered her stories with colourful detail
antonyms: simplify
synonyms: decorate|adorn|ornament|embellish|sew|stitch
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈbrɔɪdə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbrɔɪdə|ɛmˈbrɔɪdə
definition:
decorate (cloth) by sewing patterns on it with thread.|add fictitious or exaggerated details to (an account) to make it more interesting.

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French enbrouder, from en- ‘in, on’ + Old French brouder, broisder ‘decorate with embroidery’, of Germanic origin.


word: EMBROIDERY
russian_word: вышивка
example: my mother decided I should learn embroidery|fanciful embroidery of the facts
antonyms: simplification
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French enbrouderie, from enbrouder ‘embroider’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈbrɔɪd(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ɪmˈbrɔɪd(ə)ri|ɛmˈbrɔɪd(ə)ri
definition:
the art or pastime of embroidering cloth.|embellishment or exaggeration in the description of an event.

synonyms:
elaboration|embellishment|adornment|ornamentation|colouring|enhancement|exaggeration|overstatement|hyperbole|touching up|dressing up|gilding|varnishing|gingering up|jazzing up


word: EMBRYO
russian_word: эмбрион
example: a simple commodity economy is merely the embryo of a capitalist economy
synonyms: fetus|fertilized egg|unborn child/baby
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmbrɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɛmbrɪəʊ
definition:
an unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development, in particular a human offspring during the period from approximately the second to the eighth week after fertilization (after which it is usually termed a fetus).|a thing at a rudimentary stage that shows potential for development.

origin:
late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek embruon ‘fetus’, from em- ‘into’ + bruein ‘swell, grow’.


word: EMBRYONIC
russian_word: эмбриональный
example: slight differences in embryonic development|the plan is still in its embryonic stages
antonyms: mature
synonyms: fetal|unborn|unhatched
origin: mid 19th century: from late Latin embryo, embryon- ‘embryo’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛmbrɪˈɒnɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛmbrɪˈɒnɪk
definition:
relating to an embryo.|(of a system, idea, or organization) in a rudimentary stage with potential for development.


word: EMEND
russian_word: исправлять
example: these studies show him collating manuscripts and emending texts
definition: make corrections and revisions to (a text).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmɛnd
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɛnd
synonyms:
correct|rectify|repair|fix|improve|enhance|polish|refine|clarify|edit|alter|rewrite|revise|copy-edit|subedit|amend|change|modify|redraft|recast|rephrase|reword|rework|rescript|expurgate|censor|redact|bowdlerize

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin emendare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + menda ‘a fault’. Compare with amend.


word: EMENDATION
russian_word: исправление
definition: the process of making a revision or correction to a text.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːmɛnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌiːmɛnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
correction|rectification|improvement|improving|enhancement|enhancing|polishing|refinement|refining|clarification|editing|alteration|rewriting|revision|copy-editing|subediting|amendment|modification|redrafting|recasting|rephrasing|rewording|reworking|expurgation|redaction|censorship|censoring|bowdlerization


word: EMERGE
russian_word: появляться
antonyms: disappear
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈməːdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːdʒ
example:
black ravens emerged from the fog|United have emerged as the bookies' clear favourite|the economy has started to emerge from recession

definition:
move out of or away from something and become visible.|become apparent or prominent.|recover from or survive a difficult situation.

synonyms:
come out|appear|come into view|become visible|make an appearance|turn up|spring up|come up|surface|crop up|pop up|materialize|manifest oneself|arise|proceed|issue|come forth|emanate

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘become known, come to light’): from Latin emergere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out, forth’ + mergere ‘to dip’.


word: EMERGENCE
russian_word: появление
example: I misjudged the timing of my emergence|the emergence of the environmental movement
antonyms: disappearance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈməːdʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːdʒ(ə)ns
definition:
the process of becoming visible after being concealed.|the process of coming into existence or prominence.

synonyms:
disclosure|becoming known|coming to light|exposure|unfolding|publication|publicizing|publishing|broadcasting

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘unforeseen occurrence’): from medieval Latin emergentia, from Latin emergere ‘bring to light’ (see emerge).


word: EMERGENCY
russian_word: аварийный
example: personal alarms for use in an emergency
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈməːdʒ(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːdʒ(ə)nsi
definition:
a serious, unexpected, and often dangerous situation requiring immediate action.|the Second World War.|a reserve runner in horse racing.

synonyms:
crisis|urgent situation|extremity|exigency|accident|disaster|catastrophe|calamity|difficulty|plight|predicament|tight spot|tight corner|mess|quandary|dilemma|unforeseen circumstances|dire/desperate straits|danger|scrape|jam|fix|pickle|spot|hole|hot water|crunch|panic stations

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin emergentia, from Latin emergere ‘arise, bring to light’ (see emerge).


word: EMERGENT
russian_word: выходящий
example: blockchains are still an emergent technology
antonyms: declining|mature
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈməːdʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːdʒ(ə)nt
definition:
in the process of coming into being or becoming prominent.|of or denoting a plant which is taller than the surrounding vegetation, especially a tall tree in a forest.

synonyms:
emerging|beginning|coming out|arising|dawning|developing|budding|burgeoning|embryonic|infant|fledgling|nascent|incipient|rising|promising|potential|up-and-coming

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘occurring unexpectedly’): from Latin emergent- ‘arising from’, from the verb emergere (see emerge).


word: EMERSION
russian_word: всплытие
example: some coral species can survive emersion for up to three hours
origin: mid 17th century: from late Latin emersio(n- ), from Latin emergere (see emerge).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈməːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈməːʃ(ə)n|iːˈməːʃ(ə)n
definition:
the process of emerging from water after being submerged.|the reappearance of a celestial body after its eclipse or occultation.


word: EMERY
russian_word: наждак
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛm(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈɛm(ə)ri
definition:
a greyish-black form of corundum containing iron oxide or other impurities, used in powdered form as an abrasive.

origin:
late 15th century: from French émeri, from Old French esmeri, from Italian smeriglio, based on Greek smuris, smiris ‘polishing powder’.


word: EMETINE
russian_word: эметин
origin: early 19th century: from Greek emetos ‘vomiting’ + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmɪtiːn
phonetics_text: ˈɛmɪtiːn
definition:
an alkaloid present in ipecacuanha and formerly used in the treatment of amoebic infections and as an emetic in aversion therapy.


word: EMIC
russian_word: эмический
origin: 1950s: abstracted from such words as phonemic (see phoneme) and systemic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈiːmɪk
phonetics_text: ˈiːmɪk
example:
accurate ethnographic description from an internal or emic perspective, from the native point of view

definition:
relating to or denoting an approach to the study or description of a particular language or culture in terms of its internal elements and their functioning rather than in terms of any existing external scheme.


word: EMIGRATE
russian_word: эмигрировать
example: Rose's parents emigrated to Australia
definition: leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another.
antonyms: immigrate
synonyms: move abroad|move overseas|leave one's country|migrate|relocate|resettle|start a new life|defect
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛmɪɡreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛmɪɡreɪt
origin:
late 18th century: from Latin emigrat- ‘emigrated’, from the verb emigrare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + migrare ‘migrate’.


word: EMIGRATION
russian_word: эмиграция
example: mass emigration from Ireland to the United States
definition: the act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.
antonyms: immigration
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛmɪˈɡreɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌɛmɪˈɡreɪʃn
synonyms:
moving abroad|moving overseas|expatriation|departure|withdrawal|migration|evacuation|exodus|diaspora|relocation|resettling|defection


word: EMINENCE
russian_word: возвышение
example: her eminence in cinematography|an eminence commanding the River Emme
definition: fame or acknowledged superiority within a particular sphere.|a piece of rising ground.
origin: Middle English: from Latin eminentia, from eminere ‘jut, project’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmɪnəns
phonetics_text: ˈɛmɪnəns
synonyms:
illustriousness|distinction|renown|pre-eminence|notability|greatness|calibre|prestige|importance|reputation|repute|note|fame|celebrity|prominence|stature|standing|rank|station


word: EMINENT
russian_word: выдающийся
example: one of the world's most eminent statisticians|the book's scholarship and eminent readability
antonyms: unimportant|unknown
origin: late Middle English: from Latin eminent- ‘jutting, projecting’, from the verb eminere .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛmɪnənt
phonetics_text: ˈɛmɪnənt
definition:
(of a person) famous and respected within a particular sphere.|(of a positive quality) present to a notable degree.

synonyms:
illustrious|distinguished|renowned|esteemed|pre-eminent|notable|noteworthy|great|prestigious|important|significant|influential|outstanding|noted|of note|famous|celebrated|prominent|well known|lionized|acclaimed|superior|of high standing|high-ranking|exalted|revered|elevated|august|grand|lofty|venerable|foremost|leading|paramount|legendary|big-time|big/major league


word: EMINENTLY
russian_word: в высшей степени
example: an eminently readable textbook
definition: to a notable degree; very.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈɛmɪnəntli
phonetics_text: ˈɛmɪnəntli
synonyms:
very|most|greatly|highly|exceedingly|extremely|particularly|positively|exceptionally|supremely|remarkably|uniquely|obviously|clearly|conspicuously|markedly|singularly|signally|outstandingly|strikingly|notably|prominently|surpassingly|totally|completely|utterly|absolutely|thoroughly|perfectly|downright|par excellence


word: EMISSARY
russian_word: эмиссар
definition: a person sent as a diplomatic representative on a special mission.
origin: early 17th century: from Latin emissarius ‘scout, spy’, from emittere ‘send out’ (see emit).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmɪs(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈɛmɪs(ə)ri
synonyms:
envoy|ambassador|diplomat|delegate|attaché|legate|consul|plenipotentiary|minister|agent|representative|deputy|factor|proxy|surrogate|liaison|messenger|courier|herald|go-between|nuncio


word: EMISSION
russian_word: эмиссия
example: the effects of lead emission on health
definition: the production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
discharge|release|outpouring|outflow|outrush|leak|excretion|secretion|ejection|emanation|radiation|exhalation|exudation|exuding|venting|effusion|ejaculation|disgorgement|issuance|issue|oozing|leaking

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘emanation’): from Latin emissio(n- ), from emiss- ‘sent out’, from the verb emittere (see emit).


word: EMISSIVE
russian_word: эмиссионный
definition: having the power to radiate something, especially light, heat, or radiation.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈmɪsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɪsɪv
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘that is emitted’): from Latin emiss- ‘emitted, sent out’ (from the verb emittere ) + -ive.


word: EMIT
russian_word: излучать
example: even the best cars emit carbon dioxide
definition: produce and discharge (something, especially gas or radiation).
antonyms: absorb
origin: early 17th century: from Latin emittere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + mittere ‘send’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈmɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɪt
synonyms:
discharge|release|give out/off|pour out|send forth|throw out|void|effuse|vent|give vent to|issue|leak|ooze|shed|excrete|disgorge|secrete|eject|spout|belch|spew out|emanate|radiate|exhale|ejaculate|exude|eruct


word: EMMER
russian_word: эммер
origin: early 20th century: from German, from Old High German amer ‘spelt’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmə
phonetics_text: ˈɛmə
definition:
a long-established species of wheat with bearded ears and spikelets that each contain two grains, now grown mainly for fodder and breakfast cereals.


word: EMO
russian_word: эмо
origin: 1980s: short for emotional hardcore .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈiːməʊ
phonetics_text: ˈiːməʊ
definition:
a style of rock music resembling punk but having more complex arrangements and lyrics that deal with more emotional subjects.


word: EMOLLIENT
russian_word: смягчающий
example: a rich emollient shampoo|the president's emollient approach to differences
antonyms: irritating
synonyms: moisturizing|palliative|balsamic|soothing|softening|humectant
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈmɒlɪənt
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɒlɪənt
definition:
having the quality of softening or soothing the skin.|attempting to avoid confrontation or anger; calming or conciliatory.

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin emollient- ‘making soft’, from the verb emollire, from e- (variant of ex- ‘out’) + mollis ‘soft’.


word: EMOLUMENT
russian_word: вознаграждение
example: the directors' emoluments
definition: a salary, fee, or profit from employment or office.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈmɒljʊm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈmɒljʊm(ə)nt|ɛˈmɒljʊm(ə)nt
synonyms:
payment|fee|charge|consideration|salary|pay|wage(s)|earnings|allowance|stipend|honorarium|income|revenue|return|profit|gain|proceeds|reward|compensation|premium|recompense|perks|pickings|perquisites

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin emolumentum, originally probably ‘payment to a miller for grinding corn’, from emolere ‘grind up’, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out, thoroughly’ + molere ‘grind’.


word: EMOTION
russian_word: эмоция
example: she was attempting to control her emotions
definition: a strong feeling deriving from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.
antonyms: coldness|indifference
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈməʊʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈməʊʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
feeling|sentiment|sensation|reaction|response|passion|intensity|warmth|ardour|fervour|vehemence|fire|fieriness|excitement|spirit|soul

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a public disturbance): from French émotion, from émouvoir ‘excite’, based on Latin emovere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + movere ‘move’. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.


word: EMOTIONLESS
russian_word: эмоций
example: her voice was flat and emotionless
definition: not showing any emotion; unemotional.
antonyms: emotional
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈməʊʃnləs
phonetics_text: ɪˈməʊʃnləs
synonyms:
unemotional|unfeeling|dispassionate|passionless|unexpressive|cool|cold|cold-blooded|impassive|reserved|controlled|restrained|self-controlled|calm|and collected|indifferent|detached|remote|aloof|toneless|flat|dead|expressionless|bland|blank|wooden|stony|deadpan|hollow|vacant|undemonstrative|imperturbable|frigid|phlegmatic|glacial


word: EMOTIVE
russian_word: эмоциональный
example: animal experimentation is an emotive subject
definition: arousing or able to arouse intense feeling.
origin: mid 18th century: from Latin emot- ‘moved’, from the verb emovere (see emotion).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈməʊtɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈməʊtɪv
synonyms:
inflammatory|controversial|contentious|emotional|sensitive|delicate|difficult|problematic|touchy|awkward


word: EMPANADA
russian_word: блинчик с мясом
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛmpəˈnɑːdə
phonetics_text: ˌɛmpəˈnɑːdə
definition:
a Spanish or Latin American pastry turnover filled with a variety of savoury ingredients and baked or fried.

origin:
Spanish, feminine past participle (used as a noun) of empanar ‘roll in pastry’, based on Latin panis ‘bread’.


word: EMPATHIZE
russian_word: сопереживать
example: counsellors need to be able to empathize with people
definition: understand and share the feelings of another.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛmpəθʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛmpəθʌɪz
synonyms:
identify|be in tune|have a rapport|feel togetherness|feel at one|commune|sympathize|be in sympathy|be on the same wavelength as|talk the same language as|understand|relate to|feel for|have insight into|put oneself in the shoes of


word: EMPATHY
russian_word: сопереживание
definition: the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
antonyms: distance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmpəθi
phonetics_text: ˈɛmpəθi
synonyms:
affinity with|rapport with|sympathy with|understanding of|sensitivity towards|sensibility to|identification with|awareness of|fellowship with|fellow feeling for|like-mindedness|togetherness|closeness to|chemistry

origin:
early 20th century: from Greek empatheia (from em- ‘in’ + pathos ‘feeling’) translating German Einfühlung .


word: EMPEROR
russian_word: император
example: he became emperor in 1930
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmp(ə)rə
phonetics_text: ˈɛmp(ə)rə
definition:
a sovereign ruler of an empire.|an orange and brown North American butterfly with a swift dodging flight, breeding chiefly on hackberries.

synonyms:
ruler|sovereign|king|monarch|potentate|lord|overlord|khan|tsar|kaiser|mikado|imperator|ethnarch|autarch

origin:
Middle English (especially representing the title given to the head of the Roman Empire): from Old French emperere, from Latin imperator ‘military commander’, from imperare ‘to command’, from in- ‘towards’ + parare ‘prepare, contrive’.


word: EMPHASIS
russian_word: акцент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛmfəsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈɛmfəsɪs
example:
they placed great emphasis on the individual's freedom|inflection and emphasis can change the meaning of what is said

definition:
special importance, value, or prominence given to something.|stress given to a word or words when speaking to indicate particular importance.

synonyms:
prominence|importance|significance|stress|weight|attention|priority|urgency|force|forcibleness|insistence|underlining|underscoring|intensity|import|power|moment|mark|pre-eminence|weightage

origin:
late 16th century: via Latin from Greek, originally ‘appearance, show’, later denoting a figure of speech in which more is implied than is said (the original sense in English), from emphainein ‘exhibit’, from em- ‘in, within’ + phainein ‘to show’.


word: EMPHASIZE
russian_word: подчеркивать
antonyms: understate|play down
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛmfəsʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛmfəsʌɪz
example:
they emphasize the need for daily, one-to-one contact between parent and child|his father emphasized the wrong words in his sentence|a hip-length jacket which emphasized her shape

definition:
give special importance or value to (something) in speaking or writing.|lay stress on (a word or phrase) when speaking.|make (something) more clearly defined.

synonyms:
bring/call/draw attention to|focus attention on|highlight|point up|spotlight|foreground|play up|make a point of|stress|weight|put/lay stress on|give an emphasis to|give prominence to|bring to the fore|dwell on|harp on|insist on|belabour|accent|accentuate|underline|intensify|strengthen|heighten|deepen|italicize|underscore|prioritize|press home|rub it in


word: EMPHATIC
russian_word: выразительный
example: the children were emphatic that they would like to repeat the experience
definition: expressing something forcibly and clearly.|(of a word or syllable) bearing the stress.
antonyms: hesitant|tentative
origin: early 18th century: via late Latin from Greek emphatikos, from emphasis (see emphasis).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈfatɪk
phonetics_text: ɪmˈfatɪk|ɛmˈfatɪk
synonyms:
vehement|firm|wholehearted|forceful|forcible|energetic|vigorous|ardent|assertive|insistent|certain|direct|definite|out-and-out|one hundred per cent|decided|determined|earnest|categorical|unqualified|unconditional|unequivocal|unambiguous|absolute|explicit|downright|outright|clear


word: EMPHYSEMA
russian_word: эмфизема
example: smoking can lead to serious lung diseases such as emphysema
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛmfɪˈsiːmə
phonetics_text: ˌɛmfɪˈsiːmə
definition:
a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.|a condition in which air is abnormally present within the body tissues.

origin:
mid 17th century (in emphysema (sense 2)): via late Latin from Greek emphusēma, from emphusan ‘puff up’.


word: EMPIRE
russian_word: империя
example: the Roman Empire|her business empire grew
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin imperium, related to imperare ‘to command’ (see emperor).
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɛmpʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈɛmpʌɪə
definition:
an extensive group of states or countries ruled over by a single monarch, an oligarchy, or a sovereign state.|a large commercial organization owned or controlled by one person or group.

synonyms:
kingdom|realm|domain|territory|province|commonwealth|federation|confederation|power|world power|superpower|jurisdiction|res publica


word: EMPIRICAL
russian_word: эмпирический
example: they provided considerable empirical evidence to support their argument
antonyms: theoretical
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛmˈpɪrɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɛmˈpɪrɪk(ə)l|ɪmˈpɪrɪk(ə)l
definition:
based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.

synonyms:
observed|seen|factual|actual|real|verifiable|first-hand|experimental|experiential|practical|pragmatic|hands-on|applied|heuristic|empiric


word: EMPLOY
russian_word: использовать
example: the firm employs 150 people|the methods they have employed to collect the data
definition: give work to (someone) and pay them for it.|make use of.
antonyms: dismiss
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪmˈplɔɪ
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɔɪ|ɛmˈplɔɪ
synonyms:
hire|engage|recruit|take on|take into employment|secure the services of|sign up|sign|put on the payroll|enrol|appoint|commission|enlist|retain|have in employment|have on the payroll|indenture|apprentice|take on board

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as imploy ): from Old French employer, based on Latin implicari ‘be involved in or attached to’, passive form of implicare (see imply). In the 16th and 17th century the word also had the senses ‘enfold, entangle’ and ‘imply’, derived directly from Latin; compare with implicate.


word: EMPLOYED
russian_word: Частный предприниматель
example: up to 40 per cent of employed people are in part-time jobs
definition: (of a person) having a paid job.
antonyms: unemployed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪmˈplɔɪd
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɔɪd
synonyms:
working|in work|in employment|with a job|holding down a job|with a career|professional|career|earning|waged|in gainful employment|earning one's living|breadwinning


word: EMPLOYEE
russian_word: сотрудник
definition: a person employed for wages or salary, especially at non-executive level.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛmplɔɪˈiː
phonetics_text: ɛmplɔɪˈiː|ɛmˈplɔɪiː|ɪmˈplɔɪiː
synonyms:
worker|member of staff|member of the workforce|blue-collar worker|white-collar worker|workman|labourer|artisan|hand|hired hand|hired man|hired person|hired help|hireling|wage-earner|breadwinner|personnel|staff|workforce


word: EMPLOYER
russian_word: работодатель
example: the National Health Service was the largest employer in Europe
definition: a person or organization that employs people.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈplɔɪə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɔɪə|ɛmˈplɔɪə
synonyms:
boss|manager|manageress|patron|proprietor|director|managing director|chief executive|principal|president|head man|head woman|boss man|skipper|gaffer|governor|guv'nor|padrone|sachem|firm|company|business|organization|manufacturer


word: EMPLOYMENT
russian_word: занятость
definition: the state of having paid work.|the utilization of something.
synonyms: use|utilization|implementation|application|exercise|putting into operation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪmˈplɔɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪmˈplɔɪm(ə)nt|ɛmˈplɔɪm(ə)nt
example:
a fall in the numbers in full-time employment|economies can be made by the full employment of existing facilities


word: EMPORIUM
russian_word: торговый центр
definition: a large retail store selling a wide variety of goods.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛmˈpɔːrɪəm
phonetics_text: ɛmˈpɔːrɪəm|ɪmˈpɔːrɪəm
synonyms:
shop|store|boutique|outlet|retail outlet|reseller|department store|chain store|supermarket|hypermarket|superstore|megastore|establishment|shed|big box

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin, from Greek emporion, from emporos ‘merchant’, based on a stem meaning ‘to journey’.


word: EMPOWER
russian_word: уполномочивать
example: members are empowered to audit the accounts of limited companies
definition: give (someone) the authority or power to do something.
antonyms: forbid
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪmˈpaʊə
phonetics_text: ɪmˈpaʊə|ɛmˈpaʊə
synonyms:
authorize|license|entitle|permit|allow|sanction|warrant|commission|delegate|certify|accredit|qualify|give someone the authority|give someone permission|enable|equip|give the power to|give the means to|give the go-ahead to|give the green light to|OK|give the OK to|give the thumbs up to


word: EMPTINESS
russian_word: пустота
antonyms: crowdedness|fullness|meaningfulness|worth|expressiveness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛm(p)tɪnəs
phonetics_text: ˈɛm(p)tɪnəs
example:
the vast emptiness of space|he realizes the emptiness of his statement|feelings of emptiness and loneliness

definition:
the state of containing nothing.|the quality of lacking meaning or sincerity; meaninglessness.|the quality of having no value or purpose; futility.

synonyms:
vacantness|bareness|blankness|clearness|barrenness|desolation|lack of contents|lack of adornment|voidness|meaninglessness|hollowness|idleness|ineffectiveness|ineffectuality|uselessness|futility|worthlessness|fruitlessness|insubstantiality|purposelessness|pointlessness|aimlessness|valuelessness|senselessness|banality|triviality|insignificance|unimportance|bootlessness|void|vacuum|vacuity|empty space|blank space|gap|vacancy|hiatus|hole|hollow|cavity|chasm|abyss|gulf|expressionlessness|vacuousness|glaze|fixedness|woodenness|stoniness|impassivity|emotionlessness|unresponsiveness|inscrutability|lack of life|lack of animation


word: EMPTY
russian_word: пустой
example: she put down her empty cup|their promises were empty words|her life felt empty and meaningless
antonyms: full
part_of_speech: adjective|verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɛm(p)ti
phonetics_text: ˈɛm(p)ti
definition:
containing nothing; not filled or occupied.|(of words or a gesture) lacking meaning or sincerity.|having no value or purpose.

synonyms:
vacant|unoccupied|uninhabited|untenanted|clear|free|bare|desolate|deserted|abandoned|containing nothing|without contents|unfilled|not filled|void|emptied

origin:
Old English ǣmtig, ǣmetig  ‘at leisure, empty’, from ǣmetta  ‘leisure’, perhaps from ā  ‘no, not’ + mōt ‘meeting’ (see moot).


word: EMPTY-HEADED
russian_word: бездумный
example: an empty-headed bimbo
definition: unintelligent and foolish.
antonyms: intelligent
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
stupid|unintelligent|idiotic|foolish|silly|brainless|half-witted|witless|vacuous|vapid|hare-brained|feather-brained|birdbrained|pea-brained|scatterbrained|giddy|skittish|flighty|frivolous|thoughtless|dumb|dense|dim|airheaded|brain-dead|dippy|dizzy|dopey|dozy|screwy|soft in the head|slow on the uptake|daft|not the full shilling|dappy|batty|dotty|scatty|ditzy|dumb-ass


word: EMPYEMA
russian_word: эмпиема
example: the treatment of empyema
definition: the collection of pus in a cavity in the body, especially in the pleural cavity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛmpʌɪˈiːmə
phonetics_text: ˌɛmpʌɪˈiːmə
origin:
late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek empuēma, from empuein ‘suppurate’, from em- ‘in’ + puon ‘pus’.


word: EMPYREAN
russian_word: небеса
example: the empyrean domain where human will and God's will became as one
definition: relating to heaven or the sky.
synonyms: heavenly|celestial|ethereal|aerial|upper|empyreal
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛmpʌɪˈriːən
phonetics_text: ˌɛmpʌɪˈriːən|ˌɛmpɪˈriːən|ɛmˈpɪrɪən
origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective): via medieval Latin from Greek empurios, from en- ‘in’ + pur ‘fire’. The noun dates from the mid 17th century.


word: EMU
russian_word: эму
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːmjuː
phonetics_text: ˈiːmjuː
definition:
a large flightless fast-running Australian bird resembling the ostrich, with shaggy grey or brown plumage, bare blue skin on the head and neck, and three-toed feet.

origin:
early 17th century: from Portuguese ema . The word originally denoted the cassowary, later the greater rhea; current usage dates from the early 19th century.


word: EMULATE
russian_word: подражать
example: most rulers wished to emulate Alexander the Great
definition: match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛmjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛmjʊleɪt
synonyms:
imitate|copy|reproduce|mimic|mirror|echo|follow|model oneself on|take as a model|take as an example|match|equal|parallel|be the equal of|be on a par with|be in the same league as|come near to|come close to|approximate|compete with|contend with|rival|vie with|surpass

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin aemulat- ‘rivalled, equalled’, from the verb aemulari, from aemulus ‘rival’.


word: EMULSIFIER
russian_word: эмульгатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈmʌlsɪfʌɪə
phonetics_text: ɪˈmʌlsɪfʌɪə
definition:
a substance that stabilizes an emulsion, in particular an additive used to stabilize processed foods.|an apparatus used for making an emulsion by stirring or shaking a substance.


word: EN
russian_word: ан
origin: late 18th century: the letter N represented as a word, since it is approximately this width.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛn
phonetics_text: ɛn
definition:
a unit of measurement equal to half an em and approximately the average width of typeset characters, used especially for estimating the total amount of space a text will require.


word: EN-
russian_word: внутренний
example: engulf|embolden|ensnare
origin: from French, from Latin in- . See also in-2, a commonly found by-form.
part_of_speech: prefix
phonetic: ɪn
phonetics_text: ɪn|ɛn
definition:
(added to nouns) forming verbs meaning ‘put into or on’.|(added to nouns and adjectives) forming verbs expressing conversion into the specified state as in encrust, ennoble, or (in combination with the suffix -en ) embolden, enliven.|(added to verbs) in; into; on.


word: ENABLE
russian_word: включить
antonyms: forbid|prevent
origin: late Middle English (formerly also as inable ): from en-1, in-2, + able.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈneɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈneɪb(ə)l|ɛˈneɪb(ə)l
example:
the evidence would enable us to arrive at firm conclusions|you can enable compression or even virus scanning prior to backup

definition:
give (someone) the authority or means to do something; make it possible for.|make (a device or system) operational; activate.

synonyms:
authorize|sanction|warrant|license|qualify|allow|permit|entitle|empower|accredit|legalize|validate|commission|delegate|OK|give the OK to|give the green light to|give the thumbs up to|let|give the means to|give the resources to|equip|prepare|facilitate|capacitate|fit


word: ENABLEMENT
russian_word: обеспечением
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈneɪb(ə)lm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈneɪb(ə)lm(ə)nt|ɛˈneɪb(ə)lm(ə)nt
example:
liberty must be about the enablement of each person to reach their potential|additional hardware and software are required for the full enablement of some features

definition:
the action of giving someone the authority or means to do something.|the action of making a device or system operational; activation.


word: ENACT
russian_word: принимать
antonyms: repeal
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈnakt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnakt|ɛˈnakt
example:
legislation was enacted to attract international companies|the pressure group's aim was to see the proposals enacted|Mystery Plays were staged and enacted by members of the guilds

definition:
make (a bill or other proposal) law.|put into practice (an idea or suggestion).|act out (a role or play) on stage.

synonyms:
make law|pass|approve|ratify|validate|sanction|authorize|accept|give the seal of approval to|order|decree|ordain|legislate|legalize|rule|impose|lay down|implement|bring into effect|bring to bear|put into practice|give the go-ahead to|give the green light to|give the thumbs up to|OK|give the OK to

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as inact ): from en-1, in-2, + act, suggested by medieval Latin inactare, inactitare .


word: ENACTMENT
russian_word: принятие
example: the enactment of equal pay legislation|the story becomes an enactment of his fantasies
definition: the process of passing legislation.|an instance of acting something out.
antonyms: repeal
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈnaktm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnaktm(ə)nt|ɛˈnaktm(ə)nt
synonyms:
passing|making law|ratification|ratifying|validation|validating|sanction|sanctioning|approval|approving|endorsement|adoption|decreeing|ordaining|legislating|application|appliance|implementation


word: ENAMOUR
russian_word: очаровывать
example: it is not difficult to see why Edward is enamoured of her
definition: be filled with love for.
antonyms: indifferent to
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈnamə
phonetics_text: ɪˈnamə|ɛˈnamə
synonyms:
in love with|infatuated with|besotted with|smitten with|love-struck by|captivated by|charmed by|enchanted by|fascinated by|bewitched by|beguiled by|enthralled by|entranced by|enraptured by|keen on|taken with|head over heels for|under the spell of|consumed with desire for|mad about|crazy about|wild about|nuts about|bowled over by|hot for|gone on|hooked on|stuck on|struck on|sweet on|soft on|hung up on|carrying a torch for|daft about|potty about|dotty about|twitterpated by|ensorcelled by

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as inamour ): from Old French enamourer, from en- ‘in’ + amour ‘love’.


word: ENANTIODROMIA
russian_word: энантиодромии
example: the remorseless enantiodromia between good luck and bad
origin: early 20th century: from Greek, literally ‘running in opposite ways’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌnantɪə(ʊ)ˈdrəʊmɪə
phonetics_text: ɪˌnantɪə(ʊ)ˈdrəʊmɪə|ɛˌnantɪə(ʊ)ˈdrəʊmɪə
definition:
the tendency of things to change into their opposites, especially as a supposed governing principle of natural cycles and of psychological development.


word: ENARTHROSIS
russian_word: чашеобразный сустав
definition: a ball-and-socket joint.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛnɑːˈθrəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛnɑːˈθrəʊsɪs
origin:
late 16th century: from Greek enarthrōsis, from enarthros ‘jointed’, from en- ‘inside’ + arthron ‘joint’.


word: ENCAMPMENT
russian_word: лагерь
example: a Bedouin encampment
definition: a place with temporary accommodation consisting of huts or tents, typically for troops or nomads.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkampm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkampm(ə)nt|ɛnˈkampm(ə)nt
synonyms:
camp|military camp|bivouac|cantonment|barracks|base|station|post|campsite|camping ground|tents|laager


word: ENCAPSULATE
russian_word: инкапсулировать
origin: late 19th century (also as incapsulate ): from en-1, in-2 ‘into’ + Latin capsula (see capsule).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkapsjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkapsjʊleɪt|ɛnˈkapsjʊleɪt
example:
the conclusion is encapsulated in one sentence|the company would encapsulate the asbestos waste in concrete pellets|data requested is encapsulated and can be manipulated

definition:
express the essential features of (something) succinctly.|enclose (something) in or as if in a capsule.|enclose (a message or signal) in a set of codes that allow transfer across networks.

synonyms:
summarize|sum up|give a summary of|precis|abridge|digest|abbreviate|condense|compress|compact|contract|telescope|capture|express|record|sketch|give the gist of|give the main points of|put in a nutshell|epitomize|capsulize


word: ENCAPSULATION
russian_word: инкапсуляции
example: encapsulation of contaminants within a solid glasslike matrix|his encapsulation of the concept
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnkapsjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnkapsjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of enclosing something in or as if in a capsule.|the succinct expression or depiction of the essential features of something.


word: ENCAUSTIC
russian_word: энкаустика
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɛnˈkɔːstɪk
phonetics_text: ɛnˈkɔːstɪk
definition:
(in painting and ceramics) decorated by burning in colours as an inlay, especially using coloured clays or pigments mixed with hot wax.

origin:
late 16th century: via Latin from Greek enkaustikos, from enkaiein ‘burn in’, from en- ‘in’ + kaiein ‘to burn’.


word: ENCEPHALOPATHY
russian_word: энцефалопатия
example: a picture of how these encephalopathies are transmitted
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi
phonetics_text: ɛnˌsɛfəˈlɒpəθi|ɛnˌkɛfəˈlɒpəθi
definition:
a disease in which the functioning of the brain is affected by some agent or condition (such as viral infection or toxins in the blood).


word: ENCHANT
russian_word: очаровывать
definition: fill (someone) with great delight; charm.|put (someone or something) under a spell; bewitch.
antonyms: repel|bore
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtʃɑːnt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʃɑːnt|ɛnˈtʃɑːnt
example:
Isabel was enchanted with the idea|Marcia had enchanted the rope so that it simply regenerated when any length was cut off

synonyms:
captivate|charm|delight|dazzle|enrapture|entrance|enthral|beguile|bewitch|spellbind|ensnare|fascinate|hypnotize|mesmerize|divert|absorb|engross|rivet|grip|transfix|tickle someone pink|bowl someone over|get under someone's skin|rapture

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘put under a spell’ and ‘delude’; formerly also as inchant ): from French enchanter, from Latin incantare, from in- ‘in’ + cantare ‘sing’.


word: ENCHANTER
russian_word: чародей
definition: a person who uses magic or sorcery, especially to put someone or something under a spell.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtʃɑːntə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʃɑːntə|ɛnˈtʃɑːntə
synonyms:
wizard|witch|sorcerer|warlock|magician|necromancer|spellbinder|magus|conjuror|hypnotist|mesmerist|witch doctor|medicine man|shaman|voodooist|occultist|pishogue|conjure man/woman|thaumaturge|thaumaturgist|theurgist|spellcaster|mage|magian


word: ENCHANTING
russian_word: очаровательный
example: enchanting views
definition: delightfully charming or attractive.
antonyms: repulsive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈtʃɑːntɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʃɑːntɪŋ
synonyms:
captivating|charming|delightful|attractive|appealing|engaging|winning|dazzling|bewitching|beguiling|alluring|tantalizing|seductive|ravishing|disarming|irresistible|spellbinding|entrancing|enthralling|fetching|dreamy|bonny|taking


word: ENCHANTMENT
russian_word: очарование
example: the enchantment of the mountains|a world of mystery and enchantment
definition: a feeling of great pleasure; delight.|the state of being under a spell; magic.
antonyms: repulsion|misery
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtʃɑːntm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʃɑːntm(ə)nt
synonyms:
magic|witchcraft|sorcery|wizardry|necromancy|conjuration|hypnotism|mesmerism|occultism|voodoo|the black arts|charms|spells|incantations|mojo|spellworking|sortilege|thaumaturgy|theurgy|captivation|entrancement|bewitchment|fascination|attraction|temptation|seduction|allure|enticement|delight|charm|beauty|attractiveness|appeal|irresistibility|magnetism|pull|draw|lure|bliss|ecstasy|heaven|rapture|joy


word: ENCHANTRESS
russian_word: волшебница
definition: a woman who uses magic to put someone or something under a spell.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French enchanteresse, from enchanter (see enchant).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtʃɑːntrəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʃɑːntrəs
synonyms:
witch|sorceress|magician|fairy|fairy godmother|hex|conjure woman|Circe|siren|spellcaster|thaumaturge|thaumaturgist|Wiccan|pythoness


word: ENCIRCLE
russian_word: окружать
example: the town is encircled by fortified walls
definition: form a circle around; surround.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈsəːk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsəːk(ə)l|ɛnˈsəːk(ə)l
synonyms:
surround|enclose|circle|ring|encompass|circumscribe|border|bound|edge|skirt|fringe|form a ring around|form a barrier round|close in|shut in|fence in|wall in|hem in|lock in|cut off|confine|gird|girdle|engird


word: ENCLITIC
russian_word: энклитика
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈklɪtɪk
phonetics_text: ɪnˈklɪtɪk|ɛnˈklɪtɪk
definition:
a word pronounced with so little emphasis that it is shortened and forms part of the preceding word, for example n't in can't.

origin:
mid 17th century: via late Latin from Greek enklitikos, from enklinein ‘lean on’, from en- ‘in, on’ + klinein ‘to lean’.


word: ENCLOSE
russian_word: заключать
example: the entire estate was enclosed with walls|I enclose a copy of the job description
definition: surround or close off on all sides.|place (something) in an envelope together with a letter.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkləʊz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkləʊz|ɛnˈkləʊz
synonyms:
surround|circle|ring|encompass|encircle|circumscribe|border|bound|edge|skirt|fringe|hem|line|flank|confine|close in|shut in|fence in|wall in|hedge in|hem in|lock in|lock up|cut off|gird|girdle|engird

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘shut in, imprison’): from Old French enclos, past participle of enclore, based on Latin includere ‘shut in’.


word: ENCLOSURE
russian_word: ограждение
example: a deer enclosure|the nuns kept strict enclosure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkləʊʒə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkləʊʒə|ɛnˈkləʊʒə
definition:
an area that is surrounded by a barrier.|the state of being enclosed, especially in a religious community.|a document or object placed in an envelope together with a letter.

synonyms:
paddock|fold|pen|compound|stockade|ring|yard|pound|sty|coop|cage|parrock|corral|kraal|potrero|circumvallation

origin:
late Middle English: from legal Anglo-Norman French and Old French, from enclos ‘closed in’ (see enclose).


word: ENCOMIAST
russian_word: панегирист
definition: a person who publicly praises or flatters someone else.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈkəʊmɪast
phonetics_text: ɛnˈkəʊmɪast
origin:
early 17th century: from Greek enkōmiastēs, from enkōmiazein ‘to praise’, from enkōmion (see encomium).


word: ENCOMIENDA
russian_word: Энкомьенда
origin: Spanish, ‘commission, charge’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˌkɒmɪˈɛndə
phonetics_text: ɛnˌkɒmɪˈɛndə
definition:
a grant by the Spanish Crown to a colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labour from the Indian inhabitants of an area.


word: ENCOMIUM
russian_word: панегирик
definition: a speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly.
origin: mid 16th century: Latin, from Greek enkōmion ‘eulogy’, from en- ‘within’ + komos ‘revel’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈkəʊmɪəm
phonetics_text: ɛnˈkəʊmɪəm
synonyms:
eulogy|speech of praise|panegyric|paean|accolade|tribute|testimonial|compliment|praise|acclaim|acclamation|homage|extolment|laudation|eulogium


word: ENCOMPASS
russian_word: охватывать
definition: surround and have or hold within.|cause to take place.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkʌmpəs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkʌmpəs|ɛnˈkʌmpəs
example:
this area of London encompasses Piccadilly to the north and St James's Park to the south|an act designed to encompass the death of the king

synonyms:
surround|enclose|ring|encircle|circumscribe|skirt|bound|border|fringe|close in|shut in|fence in|wall in|hedge in|hem in|confine|gird|girdle|engird|compass|environ


word: ENCORE
russian_word: бис
example: everybody got up on stage for the final encore
synonyms: repeat performance|extra performance|additional performance|replay|repeat|repetition|curtain call
origin: early 18th century: French, literally ‘still, again’.
part_of_speech: noun|exclamation|verb
phonetic: ˈɒŋkɔː
phonetics_text: ˈɒŋkɔː
definition:
a repeated or additional performance of an item at the end of a concert, as called for by an audience.


word: ENCOUNTER
russian_word: столкновение
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkaʊntə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkaʊntə|ɛnˈkaʊntə
example:
we have encountered one small problem|what do we know about the people we encounter in our daily lives?

definition:
unexpectedly be faced with or experience (something hostile or difficult).|meet (someone) unexpectedly.

synonyms:
experience|come into contact with|run into|come across|come up against|face|be faced with|confront|be forced to contend with

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘meet as an adversary’ and ‘a meeting of adversaries’; formerly also as incounter ): from Old French encontrer (verb), encontre (noun), based on Latin in- ‘in’ + contra ‘against’.


word: ENCOURAGE
russian_word: поощрять
example: we were encouraged by the success of this venture
definition: give support, confidence, or hope to (someone).
antonyms: discourage|discouraging|unsupportive
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ|ɛnˈkʌrɪdʒ
synonyms:
hearten|cheer|buoy up|uplift|inspire|motivate|egg on|spur on|stir|stir up|whip up|fire up|stimulate|animate|invigorate|vitalize|revitalize|embolden|fortify|rally|incite|lift the spirits of|raise the morale of|stiffen the resolve of|buck up|pep up|give a shot in the arm to|light a fire under|inspirit|spirit someone up|fillip|incentivize|promising|hopeful|auspicious|propitious|favourable|bright|rosy|cheerful|full of promise|heartening|reassuring|stimulating|inspiring|uplifting|cheering|comforting|welcome|pleasing|gratifying|supportive|affirmative|sympathetic|sensitive|understanding|helpful|positive|responsive|enthusiastic|appreciative

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as incourage ): from French encourager, from en- ‘in’ + corage ‘courage’.


word: ENCOURAGEMENT
russian_word: поощрение
example: thank you for all your support and encouragement
definition: the action of giving someone support, confidence, or hope.
antonyms: discouragement|dissuasion|hindering
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒm(ə)nt
synonyms:
heartening|cheering|cheering up|buoying up|pepping up|uplifting|inspiration|rallying|motivation|incitement|stimulation|animation|invigoration|invigorating|emboldening|fortification|morale-boosting|bucking up|a shot in the arm|spiriting up|inspiriting|persuasion|coaxing|urging|pushing|pressure|pressurization|exhortation|prodding|egging on|prompting|spur|goad|inducement|incentive|bait|lure|motive|arm-twisting|carrot|kick up the backside|supporting|support|backing|endorsement|championship|championing|sponsoring|advocacy|promotion|furtherance|furthering|advance|advancing|forwarding|fostering|strengthening|nurture|cultivation|help|assistance|boosting|fuelling|favouring|boosterism


word: ENCROACH
russian_word: посягать
example: rather than encroach on his privacy she might have kept to her room
definition: intrude on (a person's territory, rights, personal life, etc.).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ|ɛnˈkrəʊtʃ
synonyms:
intrude|trespass|impinge|butt in|barge in|cut in|obtrude|impose oneself|invade|infiltrate|interrupt|infringe|violate|interfere with|disturb|disrupt|tread on someone's toes|step on someone's toes|gatecrash|horn in on|muscle in on|invade someone's space|entrench on

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘obtain unlawfully, seize’; formerly also as incroach ): from Old French encrochier ‘seize, fasten upon’, from en- ‘in, on’ + crochier (from croc ‘hook’, from Old Norse krókr ).


word: ENCROACHMENT
russian_word: посягательство
example: minor encroachments on our individual liberties
definition: intrusion on a person's territory, rights, etc.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛŋˈkrəʊtʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɛŋˈkrəʊtʃm(ə)nt
synonyms:
intrusion into|trespass on|invasion of|infiltration of|incursion into|obtrusion into|overrunning of|usurping of|appropriation of|infringement of|impingement on|impinging on


word: ENCRYPTION
russian_word: шифрование
example: I use encryption to protect sensitive information transmitted online
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪŋˈkrɪpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪŋˈkrɪpʃ(ə)n|ɛŋˈkrɪpʃ(ə)n
definition:
the process of converting information or data into a code, especially to prevent unauthorized access.


word: ENCUMBER
russian_word: обременять
example: she was encumbered by her heavy skirts
definition: restrict or impede (someone or something) in such a way that free action or movement is difficult.
antonyms: aid|facilitate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkʌmbə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkʌmbə|ɛnˈkʌmbə
synonyms:
hamper|hinder|obstruct|impede|check|cramp|inhibit|restrict|limit|constrain|restrain|bog down|retard|slow|slow down|stall|delay|inconvenience|disadvantage|handicap

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘cause trouble to, entangle’; formerly also as incumber ): from Old French encombrer ‘block up’, from en- ‘in’ + combre ‘river barrage’.


word: ENCUMBRANCE
russian_word: обременение
example: the horse raised its hind leg as if to rid itself of an encumbrance
definition: an impediment or burden.
antonyms: help|asset
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈkʌmbr(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkʌmbr(ə)ns|ɛnˈkʌmbr(ə)ns
synonyms:
hindrance|obstruction|obstacle|impediment|restraint|constraint|handicap|inconvenience|nuisance|disadvantage|drawback|cumber|responsibility|obligation|liability|imposition|burden|weight|load|tax|stress|strain|pressure|trouble|worry|millstone|albatross|cross to bear|trammel

origin:
Middle English (denoting an encumbered state; formerly also as incumbrance ): from Old French encombrance, from encombrer ‘block up’ (see encumber).


word: ENCYCLICAL
russian_word: энциклика
definition: a papal letter sent to all bishops of the Roman Catholic Church.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈsɪklɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɛnˈsɪklɪk(ə)l|ɪnˈsɪklɪk(ə)l|ɛnˈsʌɪk(ə)l|ɪnˈsʌɪk(ə)l
origin:
mid 17th century (as an adjective): via late Latin from Greek enkuklios ‘circular, general’, from en- ‘in’ + kuklos ‘a circle’.


word: ENCYCLOPEDIC
russian_word: энциклопедический
example: he has an almost encyclopedic knowledge of food|a dictionary with encyclopedic material
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛnˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈpiːdɪk
phonetics_text: ɛnˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈpiːdɪk|ɪnˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈpiːdɪk
definition:
comprehensive in terms of information.|relating to encyclopedias or information suitable for an encyclopedia.

synonyms:
comprehensive|complete|thorough|thoroughgoing|full|exhaustive|in-depth|wide-ranging|broad-ranging|broad-based|cross-disciplinary|interdisciplinary|multidisciplinary|all-inclusive|all-embracing|all-encompassing|universal|vast|compendious|across the board|wall-to-wall


word: END
russian_word: конец
antonyms: beginning|start
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɛnd
phonetics_text: ɛnd
example:
the end of the year|the church at the end of the road|each would use the other to further his own ends|a defensive end

definition:
a final part of something, especially a period of time, an activity, or a story.|the furthest or most extreme part of something.|a goal or desired result.|(in bowls and curling) a session of play in one particular direction across the playing area.|a lineman positioned nearest the sideline.

synonyms:
conclusion|termination|ending|finish|close|resolution|climax|finale|culmination|denouement|epilogue|coda|peroration|wind-up

origin:
Old English ende (noun), endian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch einde (noun), einden (verb) and German Ende (noun), enden (verb).


word: ENDANGER
russian_word: подвергать опасности
example: he was driving in a manner likely to endanger life
definition: put (someone or something) at risk or in danger.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdeɪn(d)ʒə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdeɪn(d)ʒə|ɛnˈdeɪn(d)ʒə
synonyms:
imperil|jeopardize|risk|put at risk|put in danger|expose to danger|put in jeopardy|leave vulnerable|put someone's life on the line|threaten|pose a threat to|be a danger to|be detrimental to|damage|injure|harm|do harm to|peril


word: ENDARTERECTOMY
russian_word: эндартерэктомия
example: endarterectomy has proved successful
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndɑːtəˈrɛktəmi
phonetics_text: ˌɛndɑːtəˈrɛktəmi
definition:
surgical removal of part of the inner lining of an artery, together with any obstructive deposits, most often carried out on the carotid artery or on vessels supplying the legs.


word: ENDEARING
russian_word: привлекательный
example: an endearing little grin
definition: inspiring affection.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪərɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪərɪŋ|ɛnˈdɪərɪŋ
synonyms:
lovable|adorable|cute|sweet|dear|delightful|lovely|charming|appealing|attractive|engaging|winning|captivating|enchanting|beguiling|winsome|bonny|adorbs|taking


word: ENDEARMENT
russian_word: ласка
example: she was whispering endearments and repeatedly kissing him
definition: a word or phrase expressing love or affection.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɪəm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɪəm(ə)nt|ɛnˈdɪəm(ə)nt
synonyms:
sweet nothings|sweet words|sweet talk|affectionate talk|soft words|term of affection|term of endearment|pet name|affectionate name|hypocoristic|hypocorism


word: ENDEAVOUR
russian_word: прилагать усилия
example: he is endeavouring to help the Third World
definition: try hard to do or achieve something.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɛvə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɛvə|ɛnˈdɛvə
synonyms:
try|attempt|venture|undertake|aspire|aim|seek|set out|strive|struggle|labour|toil|work hard|try hard|exert oneself|apply oneself|do one's best|do one's utmost|give one's all|be at pains|work at|try one's hand at|slog away|give something a whirl|have a go at|have a shot at|have a stab at|give something one's best shot|do one's damnedest|go all out|bend over backwards|break one's neck|bust a gut|move heaven and earth|essay

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘exert oneself’): from the phrase put oneself in devoir ‘do one's utmost’ (see devoir).


word: ENDERGONIC
russian_word: эндергонических
origin: 1940s: from endo- ‘within’ + Greek ergon ‘work’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛndəːˈɡɒnɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛndəːˈɡɒnɪk
definition:
(of a metabolic or chemical process) accompanied by or requiring the absorption of energy, the products being of greater free energy than the reactants.


word: ENDING
russian_word: окончание
example: the ending of the Cold War
definition: an end or final part of something.
antonyms: beginning
origin: Old English endung ‘termination, completion’ (see end, -ing1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɛndɪŋ
synonyms:
end|finish|close|closing|conclusion|resolution|summing-up|denouement|finale|final scene|last act|cessation|stopping|termination|discontinuation|breaking off|wind-up|winding up


word: ENDIVE
russian_word: эндивий
definition: an edible Mediterranean plant, the bitter leaves of which may be used in salads.|a chicory crown.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndʌɪv
phonetics_text: ˈɛndʌɪv|ˈɛndɪv
origin:
late Middle English (also denoting the sowthistle): via Old French from medieval Latin endivia, based on Greek entubon .


word: ENDOCARDIUM
russian_word: эндокард
origin: late 19th century: modern Latin, from endo- ‘within’ + Greek kardia ‘heart’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndəʊˈkɑːdɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌɛndəʊˈkɑːdɪəm
definition:
the thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.


word: ENDOCARP
russian_word: эндокарпию
origin: early 19th century: from endo- ‘within’ + a shortened form of pericarp.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndə(ʊ)kɑːp
phonetics_text: ˈɛndə(ʊ)kɑːp
definition:
the innermost layer of the pericarp which surrounds a seed in a fruit. It may be membranous (as in apples) or woody (as in the stone of a peach or cherry).


word: ENDOCRINOLOGIST
russian_word: эндокринолог
example: he is a well-respected endocrinologist who specializes in treating both Type I and Type II diabetes
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndəʊkrɪˈnɒlədʒɪst
phonetics_text: ˌɛndəʊkrɪˈnɒlədʒɪst
definition:
a medical practitioner qualified to diagnose and treat disorders of the endocrine glands and hormones.


word: ENDODERM
russian_word: эндодерму
origin: mid 19th century: from endo- ‘within’ + Greek derma ‘skin’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndə(ʊ)dəːm
phonetics_text: ˈɛndə(ʊ)dəːm
definition:
the innermost layer of cells or tissue of an embryo in early development, or the parts derived from this, which include the lining of the gut and associated structures.


word: ENDODONTICS
russian_word: эндодонтии
example: in endodontics, a major diagnostic challenge is the accurate assessment of pulp status
origin: 1940s: from endo- ‘within’ + Greek odous, odont- ‘tooth’, on the pattern of orthodontics.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndəʊˈdɒntɪks
phonetics_text: ˌɛndəʊˈdɒntɪks
definition:
the branch of dentistry concerned with diseases and injuries of the soft tissues inside a tooth (the dental pulp).


word: ENDOGAMY
russian_word: эндогамия
origin: mid 19th century: from endo- ‘within’ + Greek gamos ‘marriage’, on the pattern of polygamy .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈdɒɡəmi
phonetics_text: ɛnˈdɒɡəmi
definition:
the custom of marrying only within the limits of a local community, clan, or tribe.|the fusion of reproductive cells from related individuals; inbreeding; self-pollination.


word: ENDOMETRIOSIS
russian_word: эндометриоз
origin: early 20th century: from endo- ‘within’ + Greek mētra ‘womb’ + -itis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndə(ʊ)miːtrɪˈəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛndə(ʊ)miːtrɪˈəʊsɪs
definition:
a condition resulting from the appearance of endometrial tissue outside the uterus and causing pelvic pain, especially associated with menstruation.


word: ENDOMETRIUM
russian_word: слизистая оболочка матки
origin: late 19th century: modern Latin, from endo- ‘within’ + Greek mētra ‘womb’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndə(ʊ)ˈmiːtrɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌɛndə(ʊ)ˈmiːtrɪəm
definition:
the mucous membrane lining the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for possible implantation of an embryo.


word: ENDOMORPH
russian_word: человек с пикническим типом телосложения
definition: a person with a soft round build of body and a high proportion of fat tissue.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndə(ʊ)mɔːf
phonetics_text: ˈɛndə(ʊ)mɔːf
origin:
1940s: endo- from endodermal (being the layer of the embryo giving rise to the physical characteristics which predominate) + -morph.


word: ENDONUCLEASE
russian_word: эндонуклеаза
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndəʊˈnjʊːklɪeɪz
phonetics_text: ˌɛndəʊˈnjʊːklɪeɪz
definition:
an enzyme which cleaves a polynucleotide chain by separating nucleotides other than the two end ones.


word: ENDORPHIN
russian_word: эндорфина
origin: 1970s: blend of endogenous and morphine.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈdɔːfɪn
phonetics_text: ɛnˈdɔːfɪn
definition:
any of a group of hormones secreted within the brain and nervous system and having a number of physiological functions. They are peptides which activate the body's opiate receptors, causing an analgesic effect.


word: ENDORSE
russian_word: одобрять
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdɔːs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɔːs|ɛnˈdɔːs
example:
the report was endorsed by the college|his licence was endorsed with five points|a further 500,000 had been endorsed out of urban areas under the pass laws

definition:
declare one's public approval or support of.|sign (a cheque or bill of exchange) on the back to make it payable to someone other than the stated payee or to accept responsibility for paying it.|(in the UK) mark (a driving licence) with the penalty points given as a punishment for a driving offence.|(in South Africa under apartheid) order a black person to leave an urban area for failing to meet certain requirements of the Native Laws Amendment Act.

synonyms:
countersign|sign on the back|initial|autograph|put one's mark on|inscribe|superscribe|witness|validate|underwrite|side-sign|chirographate

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘write on the back of’; formerly also as indorse ): from medieval Latin indorsare, from Latin in- ‘in, on’ + dorsum ‘back’.


word: ENDORSEMENT
russian_word: одобрение
example: the issue of full independence received overwhelming endorsement
antonyms: opposition
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdɔːsm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdɔːsm(ə)nt|ɛnˈdɔːsm(ə)nt
definition:
the action of endorsing someone or something.|(in the UK) a note on a driving licence recording the penalty points incurred for a driving offence.|a clause in an insurance policy detailing an exemption from or change in cover.

synonyms:
support|backing|approval|seal of approval|agreement|acceptance|recommendation|advocacy|championship|patronage|affirmation|confirmation|authorization|authentication|ratification|sanction|warrant|validation|licence|rubber stamp|the nod|the thumbs up|the OK|countersigning|signing on the back|autographing|initialling|inscribing|superscribing|witnessing|underwriting


word: ENDOSCOPY
russian_word: эндоскопия
example: an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed gastritis
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈdɒskəpi
phonetics_text: ɛnˈdɒskəpi
definition:
a procedure in which an instrument is introduced into the body to give a view of its internal parts.


word: ENDOSPERM
russian_word: эндосперм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndə(ʊ)spəːm
phonetics_text: ˈɛndə(ʊ)spəːm
definition:
the part of a seed which acts as a food store for the developing plant embryo, usually containing starch with protein and other nutrients.


word: ENDOTHELIUM
russian_word: эндотелий
origin: late 19th century: modern Latin, from endo- ‘within’ + Greek thēlē ‘nipple’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛndə(ʊ)ˈθiːlɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌɛndə(ʊ)ˈθiːlɪəm
definition:
the tissue which forms a single layer of cells lining various organs and cavities of the body, especially the blood vessels, heart, and lymphatic vessels. It is formed from the embryonic mesoderm.


word: ENDOTHERMIC
russian_word: эндотермический
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛndəʊˈθəːmɪk
definition:
(of a reaction or process) accompanied by or requiring the absorption of heat.|(of an animal) dependent on or capable of the internal generation of heat.


word: ENDOW
russian_word: наделять
example: he was endowed with tremendous physical strength|he endowed the Church with lands
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdaʊ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdaʊ|ɛnˈdaʊ
definition:
provide with a quality, ability, or asset.|give or bequeath an income or property to (a person or institution).

synonyms:
provide|supply|furnish|equip|invest|give|present|favour|bless|grace|award|gift|confer|bestow|enrich|arm|endue

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘provide a dower or dowry’; formerly also as indow ): from legal Anglo-Norman French endouer, from en- ‘in, towards’ + Old French douer ‘give as a gift’ (from Latin dotare : see dower).


word: ENDOWMENT
russian_word: фонд
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdaʊm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdaʊm(ə)nt|ɛnˈdaʊm(ə)nt
example:
he tried to promote the endowment of a Chair of Psychiatry|his natural endowments were his height and intelligence|an endowment policy

definition:
the action of endowing something or someone.|a quality or ability possessed or inherited by someone.|a form of life insurance involving payment of a fixed sum to the insured person on a specified date, or to their estate should they die before this date.

synonyms:
funding|financing|subsidizing|donation of money for|provision of capital for|bequest of money for|establishment|establishing|foundation|institution|setting up|inauguration


word: ENDURANCE
russian_word: выносливость
example: she was close to the limit of her endurance
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdjʊər(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdjʊər(ə)ns|ɛnˈdjʊər(ə)ns|ɪnˈdʒɔːr(ə)ns|ɛnˈdʒɔːr(ə)ns
definition:
the ability to endure an unpleasant or difficult process or situation without giving way.|the capacity of something to last or to withstand wear and tear.

synonyms:
toleration|bearing|tolerance|sufferance|fortitude|forbearance|patience|acceptance|resignation|stoicism|stamina|staying power|perseverance|persistence|tenacity|pertinacity|doggedness|indefatigability|tirelessness|resoluteness|resolution|determination|Dunkirk spirit|stickability|guts|grit|spunk|bottle

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘continued existence, ability to last’; formerly also as indurance ): from Old French, from endurer ‘make hard’ (see endure).


word: ENDURE
russian_word: терпеть
example: it seemed impossible that anyone could endure such pain|these cities have endured through time
definition: suffer (something painful or difficult) patiently.|remain in existence; last.
antonyms: fade|short-lived
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdjʊə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdjʊə|ɛnˈdjʊə|ɪnˈdʒɔː|ɛnˈdʒɔː
synonyms:
undergo|go through|live through|experience|meet|encounter|cope with|deal with|face|face up to|handle|suffer|tolerate|put up with|brave|bear|withstand|sustain|weather|become reconciled to|reconcile oneself to|become resigned to|get used to|become accustomed to|learn to live with|make the best of|thole|go along with|submit to|countenance|accept|give one's blessing to|brook|support|take|stick|hack|stand for|stomach|swallow|abide|hold with|be doing with|wear

origin:
Middle English: from Old French endurer, from Latin indurare ‘harden’, from in- ‘in’ + durus ‘hard’.


word: ENEMY
russian_word: враг
example: the traditional enemies of his tribe
definition: a person who is actively opposed or hostile to someone or something.
antonyms: friend|ally
origin: Middle English: from Old French enemi, from Latin inimicus, from in- ‘not’ + amicus ‘friend’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnəmi
phonetics_text: ˈɛnəmi
synonyms:
foe|adversary|opponent|rival|nemesis|antagonist|combatant|challenger|competitor|opposer|hostile party|the opposition|the competition|the other side|the opposing side|corrival|vier


word: ENERGETIC
russian_word: энергичный
example: moderately energetic exercise|energetic X-rays
antonyms: inactive|lethargic|gentle|half-hearted
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛnəˈdʒɛtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛnəˈdʒɛtɪk
definition:
showing or involving great activity or vitality.|relating to or characterized by energy (in the technical sense).

synonyms:
active|lively|dynamic|zestful|spirited|animated|vital|vibrant|sparkling|bouncy|bubbly|perky|bright and breezy|frisky|sprightly|tireless|indefatigable|enthusiastic|zealous|fiery|passionate|peppy|zippy|sparky|full of get-up-and-go|full of vim and vigour|full of beans|full of the joys of spring|bright-eyed and bushy-tailed|go-go|peart|vigorous|strenuous|brisk|rigorous|hard|arduous|demanding|taxing|tough|forceful|aggressive|high-powered|all-out|determined|impassioned|emphatic|bold|pushing|driving|effective|effectual|powerful|potent|intense|intensive|hard-hitting|pulling no punches|pushy|punchy|gutsy|in-your-face|go-ahead|high-octane|feisty

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘powerfully effective’): from Greek energētikos, from energein ‘operate, work in or upon’ (based on ergon ‘work’).


word: ENERGETICS
russian_word: энергетика
example: the energetics of the molecular collisions
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnəˈdʒɛtɪks
phonetics_text: ɛnəˈdʒɛtɪks
definition:
the properties of something in terms of energy.|the branch of science which deals with the properties of energy and the way in which it is redistributed in physical, chemical, or biological processes.


word: ENERGIZE
russian_word: возбуждать
example: people were energized by his ideas
definition: give vitality and enthusiasm to.
antonyms: demotivate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛnədʒʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛnədʒʌɪz
synonyms:
enliven|liven up|animate|vitalize|invigorate|perk up|excite|electrify|dynamize|stimulate|stir up|fire up|rouse|motivate|move|move to action|drive|spur on|encourage|embolden|galvanize|pep up|buck up|give a shot in the arm to|activate|inspirit


word: ENERGY
russian_word: энергия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnədʒi
phonetics_text: ˈɛnədʒi
example:
changes in the levels of vitamins can affect energy and well-being|nuclear energy|a collision in which no energy is transferred

definition:
the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity.|power derived from the utilization of physical or chemical resources, especially to provide light and heat or to work machines.|the property of matter and radiation which is manifest as a capacity to perform work (such as causing motion or the interaction of molecules).

synonyms:
vitality|vigour|life|liveliness|animation|vivacity|spirit|spiritedness|fire|passion|ardour|zeal|verve|enthusiasm|zest|vibrancy|spark|sparkle|effervescence|exuberance|buoyancy|perkiness|sprightliness|strength|stamina|forcefulness|power|might|potency|dynamism|drive|push|zip|zing|pep|pizzazz|punch|bounce|fizz|oomph|go|get-up-and-go|vim and vigour|feistiness

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting force or vigour of expression): from French énergie, or via late Latin from Greek energeia, from en- ‘in, within’ + ergon ‘work’.


word: ENERVATE
russian_word: расслаблять
example: the heat enervated us all
definition: make (someone) feel drained of energy or vitality.
antonyms: invigorate
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
synonyms:
exhaust|tire|fatigue|weary|wear out|devitalize|drain|sap|weaken|make weak|make feeble|enfeeble|debilitate|incapacitate|indispose|prostrate|immobilize|lay low|put out of action|knock out|do in|take it out of one|shatter|poop|frazzle|wear to a frazzle|fag out|knacker|torpefy

phonetic:
early 17th century: from Latin enervat- ‘weakened (by extraction of the sinews)’, from the verb enervare, from e- (variant of ex-) ‘out of’ + nervus ‘sinew’.


word: ENERVATION
russian_word: расслабленность
example: a sense of enervation
definition: a feeling of being drained of energy or vitality; fatigue.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnəˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛnəˈveɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
fatigue|exhaustion|tiredness|overtiredness|weariness|lassitude|lack of energy|lack of vitality|devitalization|weakness|feebleness|impotence|enfeebled state|debilitation|incapacitation|indisposition|prostration|immobility|weediness|asthenia


word: ENFEEBLE
russian_word: ослаблять
example: sickness had enfeebled me
definition: make weak or feeble.
antonyms: strengthen
origin: Middle English: from Old French enfeblir, from en- (expressing a change of state) + feble ‘feeble’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfiːb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfiːb(ə)l|ɛnˈfiːb(ə)l
synonyms:
weaken|make weak|make feeble|debilitate|incapacitate|indispose|prostrate|immobilize|lay low|disable|handicap|cripple|paralyse|drain|sap|exhaust|tire|fatigue|devitalize|knock out|do in|shatter|knacker|torpefy


word: ENFEOFF
russian_word: дарить недвижимость
example: he enfeoffed trustees with the lands
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfiːf
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfiːf|ɪnˈfɛf|ɛnˈfiːf|ɛnˈfɛf
definition:
(under the feudal system) give (someone) freehold property or land in exchange for their pledged service.

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French enfeoffer, from Old French en- ‘in’ + fief ‘fief’. Compare with feoffment.


word: ENFLEURAGE
russian_word: мацерации
origin: mid 19th century: French, from enfleurer ‘saturate with the perfume from flowers’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɒ̃fləˈrɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ˌɒ̃fləˈrɑːʒ
definition:
the extraction of essential oils and perfumes from flowers using odourless animal or vegetable fats.


word: ENFOLD
russian_word: обнимать
example: he shut off the engine and silence enfolded them
definition: surround; envelop.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfəʊld
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfəʊld|ɛnˈfəʊld
synonyms:
envelop|engulf|sheathe|swathe|swaddle|cocoon|shroud|veil|cloak|drape|cover|conceal|mask|surround|encircle|circle|enclose|encase|enshroud|mantle|pall|pave|lap|obnubilate

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘involve, entail, imply’; formerly also as infold ): from en-1, in-2 ‘within’ + fold1.


word: ENFORCE
russian_word: соблюдение
example: the role of the police is to enforce the law
definition: compel observance of or compliance with (a law, rule, or obligation).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːs|ɛnˈfɔːs
synonyms:
impose|apply|carry out|administer|implement|bring to bear|discharge|fulfil|execute|prosecute|effectuate|force|compel|exact|extort|demand|insist on|require|necessitate|constrain

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘strive’ and ‘impel by force’; formerly also as inforce ): from Old French enforcir, enforcier, based on Latin in- ‘in’ + fortis ‘strong’.


word: ENFORCEMENT
russian_word: правоприменение
example: the strict enforcement of environmental regulations
definition: the act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈfɔːsm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfɔːsm(ə)nt
synonyms:
imposition|implementation|application|carrying out|administration|administering|discharge|fulfilment|execution|prosecution|pursuance|effectuation|forcing|compelling|exacting|extorting|extortion|demanding|requiring|constraint


word: ENFRANCHISE
russian_word: освобождать
definition: give the right to vote to.|free (a slave).
antonyms: disenfranchise
synonyms: give voting rights to|give the vote to|give suffrage to|grant suffrage to|grant franchise to
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈfran(t)ʃʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈfran(t)ʃʌɪz|ɛnˈfran(t)ʃʌɪz
origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as infranchise ): from Old French enfranchiss-, lengthened stem of enfranchir, from en- (expressing a change of state) + franc, franche ‘free’.


word: ENGAGE
russian_word: заниматься
antonyms: lose
synonyms: capture|catch|arrest|grab|seize|draw|attract|gain|win|captivate|hold|grip|engross|absorb|occupy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ|ɛnˈɡeɪdʒ
example:
he ploughed on, trying to outline his plans and engage Sutton's attention|organizations engage in a variety of activities|he was engaged as a trainee copywriter|the clutch will not engage

definition:
occupy or attract (someone's interest or attention).|participate or become involved in.|arrange to employ or hire (someone).|(with reference to a part of a machine or engine) move into position so as to come into operation.|(of fencers or swordsmen) bring (weapons) together preparatory to fighting.

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as ingage ): from French engager, ultimately from the base of gage1. The word originally meant ‘to pawn or pledge something’, later ‘pledge oneself (to do something’), hence ‘enter into a contract’ (mid 16th century), ‘involve oneself in an activity’, ‘enter into combat’ (mid 17th century), giving rise to the notion ‘involve someone or something else’.


word: ENGAGED
russian_word: занято
example: Keith and I had got engaged four months before
antonyms: free|unoccupied
synonyms: busy|unavailable|occupied|tied up|have a prior engagement
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd|ɛnˈɡeɪdʒd
definition:
busy; occupied.|having formally agreed to marry.|(of a column) attached to or partly let into a wall.


word: ENGAGEMENT
russian_word: помолвка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒm(ə)nt|ɛnˈɡeɪdʒm(ə)nt
example:
she'd broken off her engagement to Paul|a dinner engagement|Britain's continued engagement in open trading|the war's most significant engagements were fought to keep these sea lanes open

definition:
a formal agreement to get married.|an arrangement to do something or go somewhere at a fixed time.|the action of engaging or being engaged.|a fight or battle between armed forces.

synonyms:
betrothal|betrothment|marriage contract|plighting of one's troth|espousal|affiance|affiancing|handfast|sponsalia|subarrhation

origin:
early 17th century (in the general sense ‘a legal or moral obligation’): French, from engager ‘to pledge’ (see engage).


word: ENGAGING
russian_word: участие
example: an engaging smile
definition: charming and attractive.
antonyms: unappealing
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ|ɛnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ
synonyms:
charming|appealing|attractive|pretty|delightful|lovely|pleasing|pleasant|agreeable|likeable|lovable|sweet|winning|winsome|fetching|dazzling|arresting|captivating|enchanting|bewitching|alluring|irresistible|dreamy|heavenly|divine|gorgeous|bonny|smashing|taking|comely|fair


word: ENGENDER
russian_word: порождать
example: the issue engendered continuing controversy
definition: cause or give rise to (a feeling, situation, or condition).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɛndə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɛndə|ɛnˈdʒɛndə
synonyms:
cause|be the cause of|give rise to|bring about|lead to|result in|produce|create|generate|arouse|rouse|provoke|incite|kindle|trigger|spark off|touch off|stir up|whip up|induce|inspire|instigate|foment|effect|occasion|promote|foster|beget|enkindle|effectuate

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as ingender ): from Old French engendrer, from Latin ingenerare, from in- ‘in’ + generare ‘beget’ (see generate).


word: ENGINE
russian_word: двигатель
example: the roar of a car engine
definition: a machine with moving parts that converts power into motion.|a locomotive.
synonyms: motor|mechanism|machine|power source|drive
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛndʒɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɛndʒɪn
origin:
Middle English (formerly also as ingine ): from Old French engin, from Latin ingenium ‘talent, device’, from in- ‘in’ + gignere ‘beget’; compare with ingenious. The original sense was ‘ingenuity, cunning’ (surviving in Scots as ingine ), hence ‘the product of ingenuity, a plot or snare’, also ‘tool, weapon’, later specifically denoting a large mechanical weapon; whence a machine (mid 17th century), used commonly later in combinations such as steam engine, internal combustion engine .


word: ENGINEER
russian_word: инженер
example: the prime engineer of the approach
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɛndʒɪˈnɪə
phonetics_text: ɛndʒɪˈnɪə
definition:
a person who designs, builds, or maintains engines, machines, or structures.|a person who controls an engine, especially on an aircraft or ship.|a skilful contriver or originator of something.

synonyms:
designer|planner|builder|architect|producer|fabricator|developer|creator|inventor|originator|deviser|contriver|mastermind

origin:
Middle English (denoting a designer and constructor of fortifications and weapons; formerly also as ingineer ): in early use from Old French engigneor, from medieval Latin ingeniator, from ingeniare ‘contrive, devise’, from Latin ingenium (see engine); in later use from French ingénieur or Italian ingegnere, also based on Latin ingenium, with the ending influenced by -eer.


word: ENGINEERED
russian_word: инженерии
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛndʒɪˈnɪəd
phonetics_text: ˌɛndʒɪˈnɪəd
example:
genetically engineered plants|they plan to spy on Hamlet at a future, engineered meeting with Ophelia

definition:
(of an organism) modified by manipulation of genetic material.|skilfully and deliberately arranged rather than arising naturally or spontaneously.


word: ENGINEERING
russian_word: машиностроение
example: if not for his shrewd engineering, the election would have been lost
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛndʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɛndʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ
definition:
the branch of science and technology concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and structures.|the action of working artfully to bring something about.


word: ENGLISH
russian_word: английский
definition: relating to England or its people or language.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ
origin:
Old English Englisc  (see Angle, -ish1). The word originally denoted the early Germanic settlers of Britain (Angles, Saxons, and Jutes), or their language (now called Old English).


word: ENGORGE
russian_word: поглощать
definition: cause to swell with blood, water, or another fluid.|eat to excess.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈɡɔːdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡɔːdʒ|ɛnˈɡɔːdʒ
example:
the river was engorged by a day-long deluge|you touch not one dish, leaving them afterwards for your servants to engorge themselves therewith

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘gorge; eat or fill to excess’): from Old French engorgier ‘feed to excess’, from en- ‘into’ + gorge ‘throat’.


word: ENGRAILED
russian_word: зазубривать
definition: having semicircular indentations along the edge.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic:
late Middle English (as verb engrail ): from Old French engresler ‘make thin’, from en- (expressing a change of state) + gresle ‘thin’, from Latin gracilis .


word: ENGRAM
russian_word: энграмма
origin: early 20th century: coined in German from Greek en- ‘within’ + gramma ‘letter of the alphabet’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnɡram
phonetics_text: ˈɛnɡram
definition:
a hypothetical permanent change in the brain accounting for the existence of memory; a memory trace.


word: ENGRAVE
russian_word: гравировать
example: my name was engraved on the ring
definition: cut or carve (a text or design) on the surface of a hard object.
synonyms: carve|inscribe|cut (in)|incise|chisel|chase|score|etch|imprint|impress|print|mark
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈɡreɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡreɪv|ɛnˈɡreɪv
origin:
late 15th century (formerly also as ingrave ): from en-1, in-2 ‘in, on’ + grave3, influenced by obsolete French engraver .


word: ENGROSS
russian_word: поглощать
antonyms: bore|inattentive
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈɡrəʊs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡrəʊs|ɛnˈɡrəʊs
example:
they seemed to be engrossed in conversation|the solicitors will submit a draft conveyance and engross the same after approval

definition:
absorb all the attention or interest of.|produce (a legal document, especially a deed or statute) in its final form.

synonyms:
preoccupy|absorb|engage|rivet|grip|hold|interest|catch|captivate|enthral|charm|spellbind|bewitch|fascinate|entrance|beguile|intrigue|arrest|immerse|involve|envelop|engulf|fixate|hypnotize|mesmerize|absorbed|involved|immersed|caught up|rapt|interested|preoccupied by|engaged in/with|riveted by|gripped by|intent on|focused on|captivated by|beguiled by|intrigued by|fixated by|hypnotized by|mesmerized by|absorbing|involving|engaging|riveting|gripping|captivating|compelling|compulsive|irresistible|arresting|interesting|fascinating|intriguing|enthralling|spellbinding|entrancing|bewitching|beguiling|hypnotic|mesmeric|unputdownable

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as ingross ): based on en-1, in-2 ‘in’ + late Latin grossus ‘large’. Sense 1 is from Old French en gros, from medieval Latin in grosso ‘wholesale’; sense 2 comes from Anglo-Norman French engrosser, medieval Latin ingrossare, from Old French grosse, medieval Latin grossa ‘large writing’, with reference to clerks writing out documents in large, clear writing.


word: ENGULF
russian_word: поглощать
example: the cafe was engulfed in flames|a feeling of anguish so great that it threatened to engulf him
origin: mid 16th century (formerly also as ingulf ): from en-1, in-2 ‘in, on’ + gulf.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈɡʌlf
phonetics_text: ɪnˈɡʌlf|ɛnˈɡʌlf
definition:
(of a natural force) sweep over (something) so as to surround or cover it completely.|powerfully affect (someone); overwhelm.

synonyms:
inundate|flood|deluge|immerse|swamp|wash out|swallow up|submerge|bury|envelop|snow under|overtake|overwhelm|overrun


word: ENHANCE
russian_word: повышать
example: his refusal does nothing to enhance his reputation
definition: intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of.
antonyms: diminish|mar
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈhɑːns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈhɑːns|ɛnˈhɑːns
synonyms:
increase|add to|intensify|magnify|amplify|inflate|strengthen|build up|supplement|augment|boost|upgrade|raise|lift|escalate|elevate|exalt|aggrandize|swell|improve|enrich|complement|heighten|deepen|stress|reinforce|underline|emphasize|jack up|hike

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as inhance ): from Anglo-Norman French enhauncer, based on Latin in- (expressing intensive force) + altus ‘high’. The word originally meant ‘elevate’ (literally and figuratively), later ‘exaggerate, make appear greater’, also ‘raise the value or price of something’. Current senses date from the early 16th century.


word: ENHANCEMENT
russian_word: усиление
example: this programme of enhancements will improve the daily experience of passengers
definition: an increase or improvement in quality, value, or extent.
antonyms: diminution
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈhɑːnsm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈhɑːnsm(ə)nt|ɛnˈhɑːnsm(ə)nt
synonyms:
improvement|intensification|magnification|amplification|increase|strengthening|inflation|augmenting|augmentation|boost|rise|increment|lift|escalation|elevation|exaltation|aggrandizement|swelling|heightening|emphasis|stress|reinforcement|enrichment|jacking up|hike


word: ENHARMONIC
russian_word: энгармонический
example: double flats and double sharps are replaced by their enharmonic equivalents in harp music
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛnhɑːˈmɒnɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛnhɑːˈmɒnɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting notes which are the same in pitch (in modern tuning) though bearing different names (e.g. F sharp and G flat or B and C flat).

origin:
early 17th century (designating ancient Greek music based on a tetrachord divided into two quarter-tones and a major third): via late Latin from Greek enarmonikos, from en- ‘in’ + harmonia ‘harmony’.


word: ENIGMA
russian_word: загадка
example: Madeleine was still an enigma to him
definition: a person or thing that is mysterious or difficult to understand.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈnɪɡmə
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɪɡmə
synonyms:
mystery|puzzle|riddle|conundrum|paradox|problem|unsolved problem|question|question mark|quandary|a closed book|poser|teaser|brain-teaser|stumper

origin:
mid 16th century: via Latin from Greek ainigma, from ainissesthai ‘speak allusively’, from ainos ‘fable’.


word: ENIGMATIC
russian_word: загадочный
example: he took the money with an enigmatic smile
definition: difficult to interpret or understand; mysterious.
antonyms: straightforward
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛnɪɡˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛnɪɡˈmatɪk
synonyms:
mysterious|puzzling|hard to understand|mystifying|inexplicable|baffling|perplexing|bewildering|confusing|impenetrable|inscrutable|incomprehensible|unexplainable|unfathomable|indecipherable|Delphic|oracular|ambiguous|equivocal|paradoxical|sibylline|unaccountable|insoluble|obscure|elliptical|oblique|arcane|abstruse|recondite|secret|esoteric|occult|cryptic|as clear as mud

origin:
early 17th century: from French énigmatique or late Latin aenigmaticus, based on Greek ainigma ‘riddle’ (see enigma).


word: ENJOIN
russian_word: приказывать
example: the code enjoined members to trade fairly
definition: instruct or urge (someone) to do something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɔɪn
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɔɪn|ɛnˈdʒɔɪn
synonyms:
urge|encourage|try to persuade|adjure|admonish|press|prompt|prod|goad|egg on|spur|push|pressure|put pressure on|use pressure on|pressurize|lean on|instruct|order|command|direct|give the order to|give the command to|tell|require|call on|demand|charge|warn|entreat|exhort|implore|appeal to|beg|beseech|plead with|nag|put the heat on|put the screws on|twist someone's arm|railroad into|bulldoze into|bid

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as injoin ): from Old French enjoindre, from Latin injungere ‘join, attach, impose’, from in- ‘in, towards’ + jungere ‘to join’.


word: ENJOY
russian_word: наслаждаться
example: I enjoy watching good films|the security forces enjoy legal immunity from prosecution
definition: take delight or pleasure in (an activity or occasion).|possess and benefit from.
antonyms: dislike|hate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɔɪ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɔɪ|ɛnˈdʒɔɪ
synonyms:
like|love|be fond of|be entertained by|be amused by|be pleased by|find/take pleasure in|be keen on|delight in|appreciate|rejoice in|relish|revel in|adore|lap up|savour|luxuriate in|bask in|wallow in|glory in|fancy|get a kick out of|get a thrill out of|get a buzz out of|go a bundle on

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French enjoier ‘give joy to’ or enjoïr ‘enjoy’, both based on Latin gaudere ‘rejoice’.


word: ENJOYABLE
russian_word: приятный
example: they had an enjoyable afternoon
definition: (of an activity or occasion) giving delight or pleasure.
antonyms: disagreeable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɔɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɔɪəb(ə)l|ɛnˈdʒɔɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
entertaining|amusing|delightful|nice|to one's liking|pleasant|congenial|lovely|fine|good|great|agreeable|pleasurable|replayable|delicious|delectable|diverting|satisfying|gratifying|marvellous|wonderful|magnificent|splendid|magical|exciting|thrilling|sublime|super|fantastic|fabulous|fab|terrific|glorious|grand|magic|out of this world|cool|brilliant|brill|smashing|peachy|neat|ducky|beaut|bonzer|capital|wizard|corking|spiffing|ripping|cracking|top-hole|topping|champion|beezer|swell|frabjous


word: ENJOYMENT
russian_word: наслаждение
example: the enjoyment of a good wine
antonyms: displeasure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈdʒɔɪmənt
definition:
the state or process of taking pleasure in something.|the action of possessing and benefiting from something.

synonyms:
pleasure|entertainment|amusement|diversion|recreation|relaxation|comfort|relief|delight|happiness|merriment|gladness|joy|fun|gaiety|jollity|satisfaction|gratification|liking|zeal|relish|gusto|rec|delectation|sport|beguilement


word: ENKEPHALIN
russian_word: энкефалина
origin: 1970s: from Greek enkephalos ‘brain’ (from en- ‘in’ + kephalē ‘head’) + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈkɛf(ə)lɪn
phonetics_text: ɛnˈkɛf(ə)lɪn
definition:
either of two peptide compounds occurring naturally in the brain, related to the endorphins and having similar physiological effects.


word: ENKINDLE
russian_word: зажигать
definition: set on fire.|arouse or inspire (an emotion).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈkɪnd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈkɪnd(ə)l|ɛnˈkɪnd(ə)l
example:
the glare from its enkindled roof illumined its innermost recesses|fresh remembrance of vexation must still enkindle rage


word: ENLARGE
russian_word: увеличить
example: they have renovated and enlarged the four-storey building
definition: make or become larger or more extensive.
antonyms: dwindle|reduce
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈlɑːdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlɑːdʒ|ɛnˈlɑːdʒ
synonyms:
make/become bigger|make/become larger|make/become greater|increase in size|grow|expand|extend|amplify|augment|build up|add to|supplement|magnify|intensify|multiply|stretch|swell|distend|bloat|bulge|dilate|snowball|mushroom|blow up|puff up|fatten|fill out|balloon|widen|make/become wider|broaden|make/become broader|lengthen|elongate|make/become longer|deepen|make/become deeper|thicken|make/become thicker|top up|jumboize|wax|tumefy|intumesce|protuberate

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as inlarge ): from Old French enlarger, from en- (expressing a change of state) + large ‘large’.


word: ENLARGEMENT
russian_word: расширение
example: talks on the enlargement of the EU
antonyms: reduction|diminution
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈlɑːdʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlɑːdʒm(ə)nt|ɛnˈlɑːdʒm(ə)nt
definition:
the action or state of enlarging or being enlarged.|a photograph that is larger than the original negative or an earlier print.

synonyms:
expansion|growth|increase in size|extension|amplification|augmentation|building up|addition|supplementing|magnification|intensification|multiplication|stretching|swelling|distension|dilatation|blowing up|puffing up|fattening|filling out|ballooning|widening|broadening|lengthening|elongation|deepening|thickening|topping up|waxing|tumefaction|intumescence


word: ENLIGHTEN
russian_word: просветить
antonyms: keep in the dark
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈlʌɪt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlʌɪt(ə)n|ɛnˈlʌɪt(ə)n
example:
Christopher had not enlightened Francis as to their relationship|the sun enlightened some such clouds near him

definition:
give (someone) greater knowledge and understanding about a subject or situation.|shed light on (an object).

synonyms:
inform|make aware|notify|tell|advise|let know|illuminate|open someone's eyes|apprise|explain the situation to|explain the circumstances to|brief|update|give details to|give information to|bring up to date|clue in|fill in|put wise|tip off|put in the picture|bring up to speed

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘make luminous’; formerly also as inlighten ): in early use from Old English inlīhtan ‘to shine’; later from en-1, in-2 (as an intensifier) + lighten2 or the noun light1.


word: ENLIGHTENED
russian_word: просвещенный
example: the more enlightened employers offer better terms
definition: having or showing a rational, modern, and well-informed outlook.
antonyms: ignorant|benighted
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈlʌɪt(ə)nd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlʌɪt(ə)nd
synonyms:
informed|aware|educated|knowledgeable|learned|wise|literate|intellectual|tutored|illuminated|apprised|civilized|refined|cultured|cultivated|sophisticated|advanced|developed|liberal|open-minded|broad-minded


word: ENLIGHTENMENT
russian_word: просветление
example: Robbie looked to me for enlightenment
antonyms: ignorance|benightedness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈlʌɪt(ə)nm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlʌɪt(ə)nm(ə)nt|ɛnˈlʌɪt(ə)nm(ə)nt
definition:
the action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened.|a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th-century philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Newton, and its prominent figures included Kant, Goethe, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Adam Smith.

synonyms:
understanding|insight|education|learning|knowledge|awareness|information|erudition|wisdom|instruction|teaching|illumination|light|edification|awakening|culture|refinement|cultivation|civilization|sophistication|advancement|development|liberalism|open-mindedness|broad-mindedness|an aha moment


word: ENLIST
russian_word: зачислять
example: he enlisted in the Royal Naval Air Service
definition: enrol or be enrolled in the armed services.
antonyms: leave|discharge
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈlɪst
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlɪst|ɛnˈlɪst
synonyms:
join up|join|enrol in|sign up for|volunteer for|take the King's shilling|recruit|call up|enrol|sign up|mobilize|raise|muster|rally|hire|employ|take on|engage|conscript|draft|induct|press|press-gang|levy|list

origin:
mid 16th century (formerly also as inlist ): from en-1, in-2 ‘in, on’ + list1, perhaps suggested by Dutch inlijsten ‘put on a list’.


word: ENLIVEN
russian_word: оживлять
example: the wartime routine was enlivened by a series of concerts
definition: make (something) more entertaining, interesting, or appealing.
antonyms: detract from
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈlʌɪv(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪnˈlʌɪv(ə)n|ɛnˈlʌɪv(ə)n
synonyms:
brighten up|make more interesting|make more exciting|liven up|put some spirit into|add colour to|wake up|give a lift/boost to|ginger up|improve|enhance|season|leaven|add spice to|spice up|revitalize|vitalize|perk up|jazz up|pep up|zhoosh (up)

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘restore to life, give life to’; formerly also as inliven ): from 16th-century enlive, inlive (in the same sense), from en-1, in-2 (as an intensifier) + life.


word: ENMITY
russian_word: вражда
example: decades of enmity between the two countries
definition: a state or feeling of active opposition or hostility.
antonyms: friendship|goodwill
origin: Middle English: from Old French enemi(s)tie, based on Latin inimicus (see enemy).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnmɪti
phonetics_text: ˈɛnmɪti
synonyms:
hostility|animosity|antagonism|friction|antipathy|animus|opposition|dissension|rivalry|feud|conflict|discord|contention|acrimony|bitterness|rancour|resentment|aversion|dislike|ill feeling|bad feeling|ill will|bad blood|hatred|hate|loathing|detestation|abhorrence|odium|malice|spite|spitefulness|venom|malevolence|malignity|grudges|grievances|needle


word: ENNOBLE
russian_word: облагораживать
definition: give (someone) a noble rank or title.|lend greater dignity or nobility of character to.
antonyms: demean|disennoble
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈnəʊb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈnəʊb(ə)l|ɛˈnəʊb(ə)l
example:
they receive life baronies on appointment unless they are already ennobled|the theatre is a moral instrument to ennoble the mind

synonyms:
raise to the nobility/peerage|make/create someone a noble|send to the House of Lords|kick upstairs|nobilitate

origin:
late 15th century (formerly also as innoble ): from French ennoblir, from en- (expressing a change of state) + noble ‘noble’.


word: ENNUI
russian_word: скука
example: he succumbed to ennui and despair
definition: a feeling of listlessness and dissatisfaction arising from a lack of occupation or excitement.
antonyms: animation|contentment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɒnˈwiː
phonetics_text: ɒnˈwiː
synonyms:
boredom|tedium|listlessness|lethargy|lassitude|languor|restlessness|weariness|sluggishness|enervation|malaise|dissatisfaction|unhappiness|uneasiness|unease|melancholy|depression|despondency|dejection|disquiet|Weltschmerz

origin:
mid 18th century: French, from Latin in odio(n- ), from mihi in odio est ‘it is hateful to me’. Compare with annoy.


word: ENORMITY
russian_word: чудовищность
example: a thorough search disclosed the full enormity of the crime|the enormities of war
antonyms: goodness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈnɔːmɪti
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɔːmɪti
definition:
the great or extreme scale, seriousness, or extent of something perceived as bad or morally wrong.|a grave crime or sin.

synonyms:
wickedness|evilness|vileness|baseness|blackness|depravity|outrageousness|monstrousness|hideousness|dreadfulness|heinousness|awfulness|nastiness|horror|atrocity|villainy|cruelty|inhumanity|mercilessness|brutality|brutalism|bestiality|barbarism|barbarousness|savagery|viciousness|nefariousness|outrage|evil|barbarity|act of brutality|act of savagery|act of wickedness|act of cruelty|abomination|monstrosity|obscenity|iniquity|violation|crime|transgression|wrong|wrongdoing|offence|injury|affront|disgrace|scandal|injustice|abuse|malfeasance|tort

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin enormitas, from enormis, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + norma ‘pattern, standard’. The word originally meant ‘deviation from legal or moral rectitude’ and ‘transgression’. Current senses have been influenced by enormous.


word: ENORMOUS
russian_word: огромный
example: enormous sums of money
definition: very large in size, quantity, or extent.
antonyms: tiny
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin enormis ‘unusual, huge’ (see enormity) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈnɔːməs
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɔːməs
synonyms:
huge|vast|extensive|expansive|broad|wide|boundless|immeasurable|limitless|infinite|cosmic|gigantic|very big|very large|great|giant|massive|colossal|mammoth|immense|tremendous|mighty|stupendous|monumental|epic|prodigious|mountainous|monstrous|titanic|towering|elephantine|king-sized|king-size|gargantuan|Herculean|Brobdingnagian|substantial|hefty|bulky|weighty|heavy|gross|mega|monster|whopping|whopping great|thumping|thumping great|humongous|jumbo|hulking|bumper|astronomical|astronomic|whacking|whacking great|ginormous


word: ENORMOUSLY
russian_word: чрезвычайно
example: quality of life varies enormously from one place to another
definition: to a very great degree or extent; considerably.
antonyms: moderately
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈnɔːməsli
phonetics_text: ɪˈnɔːməsli
synonyms:
very|extremely|exceedingly|exceptionally|especially|tremendously|immensely|vastly|hugely|extraordinarily|extra|excessively|overly|over|abundantly|inordinately|singularly|significantly|distinctly|outstandingly|uncommonly|unusually|decidedly|particularly|eminently|supremely|highly|remarkably|really|truly|mightily|thoroughly|all that|to a great extent|most|so|too|unco|très|right|terrifically|awfully|terribly|devilishly|madly|majorly|seriously|desperately|mega|ultra|oh-so|too-too|stinking|mucho|damn|damned|too … for words|devilish|hellish|frightfully|ever so|well|dead|bloody|dirty|jolly|fair|real|mighty|powerful|awful|plumb|darned|way|bitching|lekker|exceeding|sore


word: ENOUGH
russian_word: достаточно
example: there's too much work and not enough people to do it
definition: as much or as many as required.
antonyms: insufficient
origin: Old English genōg, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch genoeg and German genug .
part_of_speech: determiner|pronoun|adverb
phonetic: ɪˈnʌf
phonetics_text: ɪˈnʌf
synonyms:
sufficient|adequate|ample|abundant|as much … as necessary|the necessary|plenty of|plenty (of)|a sufficient amount (of)|an adequate amount (of)|as much as necessary|a sufficiency|an adequacy|an ample supply|a satisfactory amount|a passable amount|a tolerable amount|an acceptable amount|an abundance|an amplitude|full measure


word: ENRAGE
russian_word: бесить
example: the students were enraged at these new rules
definition: make (someone) very angry.
antonyms: placate|please|calm|good-humoured
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈreɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈreɪdʒ|ɛnˈreɪdʒ
synonyms:
anger|incense|infuriate|madden|inflame|incite|antagonize|provoke|rub up the wrong way|ruffle someone's feathers|exasperate|hack off|drive mad/crazy|drive up the wall|make someone see red|make someone's blood boil|make someone's hackles rise|get someone's back up|get someone's dander up|get someone's goat|get under someone's skin|rattle someone's cage|wind up|get on someone's wick|nark|get up someone's nose|burn up|tee off|tick off|gravel|empurple|very angry|irate|furious|infuriated|angered|in a temper|incensed|raging|incandescent|fuming|ranting|raving|seething|frenzied|in a frenzy|beside oneself|outraged|in high dudgeon|hostile|antagonistic|black|dark|mad|hopping mad|wild|livid|boiling|apoplectic|aerated|hot under the collar|on the warpath|up in arms|with all guns blazing|foaming at the mouth|steamed up|in a lather|in a filthy temper|fit to be tied|shirty|stroppy|as cross as two sticks|in a paddy|sore|bent out of shape|soreheaded|teed off|ticked off|ropeable|snaky|crook|vex|in a bate|waxy|wrathful|ireful|wroth|piss off|get on someone's tits|pissed off|pissed

origin:
late 15th century (formerly also as inrage ): from French enrager, from en- ‘into’ + rage ‘rage, anger’.


word: ENRAPTURE
russian_word: восхищать
example: Ruth was enraptured by the sleeping child
definition: give intense pleasure or joy to.
antonyms: repel
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈraptʃə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈraptʃə|ɛnˈraptʃə
synonyms:
delight|give great pleasure to|give joy to|please greatly|charm|enchant|captivate|enthral|entrance|bewitch|beguile|transport|ravish|thrill|excite|exhilarate|intoxicate|take someone's breath away|gladden|gratify|appeal to|do one's heart good|entertain|amuse|divert|give someone a buzz|give someone a kick|tickle someone pink|bowl someone over|turn someone on|send|give someone a charge


word: ENRICH
russian_word: обогащать
example: her exposure to museums enriched her life in France|top party members had enriched themselves
definition: improve or enhance the quality or value of.|make (someone) wealthy or wealthier.
antonyms: spoil|devalue|impoverish
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈrɪtʃ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈrɪtʃ|ɛnˈrɪtʃ
synonyms:
enhance|make richer|improve|add to|augment|supplement|complement|boost|upgrade|reinforce|raise|lift|refine|polish|heighten|deepen|elevate|aggrandize|intensify|exalt|make more nutritious|vitaminize|fertilize|add fertilizer to|make more fertile|compost|dung|manure|mulch|dress

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘make wealthy’): from Old French enrichir, from en- ‘in’ + riche ‘rich’.


word: ENRICHED
russian_word: обогащенный
example: calcium-enriched orange juice
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈrɪtʃt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈrɪtʃt|ɛnˈrɪtʃt
definition:
(of uranium) having had the proportion of the isotope U-235 it contains increased in order to make it suitable for use in a nuclear reactor or weapon.|(of food) having added nutrients.


word: ENRICHMENT
russian_word: обогащение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈrɪtʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɛnˈrɪtʃm(ə)nt
example:
enrichment of the soil for more plant growth|the policy was denounced as a means of enrichment of a small elite

definition:
the action of improving or enhancing the quality or value of something.|the process of making someone wealthy or wealthier.


word: ENROL
russian_word: регистрировать
antonyms: leave
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈrəʊl
phonetics_text: ɪnˈrəʊl|ɛnˈrəʊl
example:
he enrolled in drama school|the endowment of religious houses cannot be measured simply by the licences enrolled in chancery

definition:
officially register as a member of an institution or a student on a course.|enter (a deed or other document) among the rolls of a court of justice.

synonyms:
register|sign on|sign up|apply|volunteer|put one's name down|matriculate|go in for|enter|join|become a member of|take up

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as inroll ): from Old French enroller, from en- ‘in’ + rolle ‘a roll’ (names being originally written on a roll of parchment).


word: ENSCONCE
russian_word: укрывать
example: Agnes ensconced herself in their bedroom
definition: establish or settle (someone) in a comfortable, safe place.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈskɒns
phonetics_text: ɪnˈskɒns|ɛnˈskɒns
synonyms:
settle|install|establish|park|shut|plant|lodge|position|seat|entrench|shelter|screen|nestle|curl up|snuggle up|dig in

origin:
late 16th century (in the senses ‘fortify’ and ‘shelter within or behind a fortification’; formerly also as insconce ): from en-1, in-2 ‘in’ + sconce2.


word: ENSEMBLE
russian_word: ансамбль
example: a Bulgarian folk ensemble|the buildings in the square present a charming provincial ensemble
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɒnˈsɒmb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɒnˈsɒmb(ə)l
definition:
a group of musicians, actors, or dancers who perform together.|a group of items viewed as a whole rather than individually.

synonyms:
group|band|orchestra|combo|company|troupe|cast|chorus|corps|circle|association|duo|trio|quartet|quintet|sextet|septet|octet|nonet

origin:
late Middle English (as an adverb (long rare) meaning ‘at the same time’): from French, based on Latin insimul, from in- ‘in’ + simul ‘at the same time’. The noun dates from the mid 18th century.


word: ENSHROUD
russian_word: закутывать
example: heavy grey clouds enshrouded the city
definition: envelop completely and hide from view.
antonyms: reveal
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈʃraʊd
phonetics_text: ɪnˈʃraʊd|ɛnˈʃraʊd
synonyms:
envelop|shroud|swathe|veil|cloak|cloud|submerge|enfold|enwrap|surround|bury|cover|coat|carpet|blanket|overlay|overlie|overspread|extend over|cap|top|crown|conceal|obscure|blot out|hide|mask|mantle|pall|pave


word: ENSIGN
russian_word: прапорщик
example: a copy of Ensign Smith's report
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnsʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɛnsʌɪn|ˈɛns(ə)n
definition:
a flag or standard, especially a military or naval one indicating nationality.|the lowest rank of commissioned officer in the US and some other navies, above chief warrant officer and below lieutenant.

synonyms:
flag|standard|colour (s)|jack|banner|pennant|pennon|streamer|banderole|pendant|burgee|vexillum|gonfalon|guidon|labarum

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French enseigne, from Latin insignia ‘signs of office’ (see insignia). Compare with ancient2.


word: ENSLAVE
russian_word: поработить
example: the practice of enslaving prisoners of war eventually died out
definition: make (someone) a slave.
antonyms: liberate|emancipate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈsleɪv
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsleɪv|ɛnˈsleɪv
synonyms:
sell into slavery|condemn to slavery|disenfranchise|condemn to servitude|subject to forced labour|subjugate|hegemonize|suppress|tyrannize|oppress|dominate|exploit|persecute|enthral|bind|yoke

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘make (a person) subject to a superstition, passion, etc.’; formerly also as inslave ): from en-1, in-2 (as an intensifier) + slave.


word: ENSLAVEMENT
russian_word: порабощение
example: the enslavement of millions of Africans
definition: the action of making someone a slave; subjugation.
antonyms: liberation|emancipation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈsleɪvm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɛnˈsleɪvm(ə)nt
synonyms:
subjugation|disenfranchisement|suppression|tyranny|subjection|oppression|domination|exploitation|persecution|slavery|servitude|bondage|forced labour|bonds|chains|fetters|shackles|restraints|yoke|dulosis|thraldom|thrall|serfdom|vassalage|helotage|helotry|helotism|enthralment|duress


word: ENSTATITE
russian_word: энстатит
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek enstatēs ‘adversary’ (because of its refractory nature) + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnstətʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛnstətʌɪt
definition:
a translucent crystalline mineral that occurs in some igneous rocks and stony meteorites. It consists of magnesium silicate and is a member of the pyroxene group.


word: ENSUE
russian_word: вытекать
example: the difficulties which ensued from their commitment to Cuba
definition: happen or occur afterwards or as a result.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈsjuː
phonetics_text: ɪnˈsjuː|ɛnˈsjuː
synonyms:
result|follow|develop|stem|spring|arise|derive|evolve|proceed|emerge|emanate|issue|flow|occur|happen|take place|surface|crop up|spring up|present itself|come next|come about|transpire|supervene|be caused by|be brought about by|be produced by|originate in|accompany|be attended by|be consequent on|come after|supervene on|come to pass|befall|betide|hap|eventuate

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as insue ): from Old French ensivre, from Latin insequi, based on sequi ‘follow’.


word: ENSURE
russian_word: гарантировать
example: the client must ensure that accurate records are kept
definition: make certain that (something) will occur or be the case.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈʃɔː
phonetics_text: ɪnˈʃɔː|ɪnˈʃʊə|ɛnˈʃʊə|ɛnˈʃɔː
synonyms:
make sure|make certain|see to it|secure|guarantee|warrant|certify|set the seal on|clinch|confirm|check|verify|corroborate|establish|sew up

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘convince’ and ‘make safe’): from Anglo-Norman French enseurer, alteration of Old French aseurer, earlier form of assurer (see assure). Compare with insure.


word: ENTABLATURE
russian_word: антаблемент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈtablətʃə
phonetics_text: ɛnˈtablətʃə|ɪnˈtablətʃə
definition:
the upper part of a classical building supported by columns or a colonnade, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

origin:
early 17th century (formerly also as intablature ): from Italian intavolatura ‘boarding’ (partly via French entablement ‘entablement’), from intavolare ‘board up’ (based on tavola ‘table’).


word: ENTAIL
russian_word: влечь за собой
example: a situation which entails considerable risks|her father's estate was entailed on a cousin
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈteɪl
phonetics_text: ɪnˈteɪl|ɛnˈteɪl
definition:
involve (something) as a necessary or inevitable part or consequence.|limit the inheritance of (property) over a number of generations so that ownership remains within a particular family or group.

synonyms:
necessitate|make necessary|require|need|demand|call for|presuppose|assume|warrant|be grounds for|involve|mean|imply|cause|bring about|produce|result in|end in|culminate in|finish in|terminate in|lead to|give rise to|occasion|engender|generate|prompt|effect|evoke|elicit|precipitate|trigger|spark off|provoke

origin:
late Middle English (referring to settlement of property; formerly also as intail ): from en-1, in-2 ‘into’ + Old French taille ‘notch, tax’ (see tail2).


word: ENTANGLE
russian_word: спутать
example: fish attempt to swim through the mesh and become entangled
definition: cause to become twisted together with or caught in.
antonyms: disentangle|release
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtaŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtaŋɡ(ə)l|ɛnˈtaŋɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
intertwine|entwine|tangle|intertwist|twist|ravel|snarl|knot|coil|mat|jumble|muddle|catch|capture|trap|snare|ensnare|entrap|enmesh|ensnarl


word: ENTASIS
russian_word: энтазис
origin: mid 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek, from enteinein ‘to stretch or strain’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntəsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈɛntəsɪs
definition:
a slight convex curve in the shaft of a column, introduced to correct the visual illusion of concavity produced by a straight shaft.


word: ENTELECHY
russian_word: энтелехия
definition: the realization of potential.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛnˈtɛləki
phonetics_text: ɛnˈtɛləki|ɪnˈtɛləki
origin:
late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek entelekheia (used by Aristotle), from en- ‘within’ + telos ‘end, perfection’ + ekhein ‘be in a certain state’.


word: ENTENTE
russian_word: Антанта
example: the emperor hoped to bring about an entente with Russia
definition: a friendly understanding or informal alliance between states or factions.
origin: mid 19th century: French entente (cordiale) ‘(friendly) understanding’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɒnˈtɒnt
phonetics_text: ɒnˈtɒnt|ɒ̃ˈtɒ̃t
synonyms:
understanding|agreement|arrangement|entente cordiale|covenant|settlement|deal|alliance|treaty|pact|accord|compact|concordat|protocol|convention


word: ENTER
russian_word: вводить
antonyms: leave
origin: Middle English: from Old French entrer, from Latin intrare, from intra ‘within’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɛntə
phonetics_text: ˈɛntə
example:
she entered the kitchen|in 1941 America entered the war|children can enter the data into the computer|a solicitor entered a plea of guilty on her behalf

definition:
come or go into (a place).|begin to be involved in.|write or key (information) in a book, computer, etc.|submit (a statement) in an official capacity.

synonyms:
go in/into|come in/into|get in/into|set foot in|cross the threshold of|pass into|move into|gain access to|be admitted to|make/effect an entrance into|break into|burst into|irrupt into|intrude into|invade|infiltrate


word: ENTERAL
russian_word: энтеральный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛntər(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛntər(ə)l
definition:
involving or passing through the intestine, either naturally via the mouth and oesophagus, or through an artificial opening.

origin:
early 20th century: from Greek enteron ‘intestine’ + -al, partly as a back-formation from parenteral.


word: ENTEROCOCCUS
russian_word: энтерококк
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛntərəʊˈkɒk(ə)s
phonetics_text: ˌɛntərəʊˈkɒk(ə)s
definition:
a streptococcus of a group that occurs naturally in the intestine but causes inflammation and blood infection if introduced elsewhere in the body (e.g. by injury or surgery).


word: ENTEROSTOMY
russian_word: энтеростомия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛntəˈrɒstəmi
phonetics_text: ˌɛntəˈrɒstəmi
definition:
an ileostomy or similar surgical operation in which the small intestine is diverted to an artificial opening in the abdominal wall or in another part of the intestine.


word: ENTEROVIRUS
russian_word: энтеровирус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntərəʊˌvʌɪrəs
phonetics_text: ˈɛntərəʊˌvʌɪrəs
definition:
any of a group of RNA viruses (including those causing polio and hepatitis A) which typically occur in the gastrointestinal tract, sometimes spreading to the central nervous system or other parts of the body.


word: ENTERPRISE
russian_word: предприятие
example: a joint enterprise between French and Japanese companies|a state-owned enterprise
definition: a project or undertaking, especially a bold or complex one.|a business or company.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntəprʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛntəprʌɪz
synonyms:
undertaking|endeavour|venture|pursuit|exercise|activity|operation|exploit|mission|deed|act|action|move|measure|task|business|affair|proceeding|scheme|plan|plan of action|programme|campaign|project|proposal|proposition|suggestion|idea|conception|caper|wheeze

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, ‘something undertaken’, feminine past participle (used as a noun) of entreprendre, based on Latin prendere, prehendere ‘to take’.


word: ENTERPRISING
russian_word: предприимчивый
example: some enterprising teachers have started their own recycling programmes
definition: having or showing initiative and resourcefulness.
antonyms: unimaginative|feckless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛntəprʌɪzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɛntəprʌɪzɪŋ
synonyms:
resourceful|imaginative|ingenious|inventive|original|creative|quick-witted|clever|bright|sharp|talented|gifted|able|capable|spirited|enthusiastic|dynamic|ambitious|energetic|entrepreneurial|vigorous|bold|daring|audacious|courageous|intrepid|adventurous|go-ahead


word: ENTERTAIN
russian_word: развлекать
antonyms: bore
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɛntəˈteɪn
phonetics_text: ɛntəˈteɪn
example:
a tremendous game that thoroughly entertained the crowd|Washington entertained little hope of an early improvement in relations

definition:
provide (someone) with amusement or enjoyment.|give attention or consideration to (an idea or feeling).

synonyms:
amuse|divert|distract|delight|please|charm|cheer|beguile|interest|fascinate|enthral|engage|involve|occupy|absorb|immerse|engross|preoccupy|hold the attention of

origin:
late Middle English: from French entretenir, based on Latin inter ‘among’ + tenere ‘to hold’. The word originally meant ‘maintain, continue’, later ‘maintain in a certain condition, treat in a certain way’, also ‘show hospitality’ (late 15th century).


word: ENTERTAINING
russian_word: развлекательный
example: a charming and entertaining companion
definition: providing amusement or enjoyment.
antonyms: boring|uninteresting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛntəˈteɪnɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɛntəˈteɪnɪŋ
synonyms:
delightful|enjoyable|diverting|amusing|pleasurable|pleasing|pleasant|agreeable|nice|to one's liking|congenial|charming|appealing|beguiling|enchanting|captivating|engaging|interesting|fascinating|intriguing|absorbing|riveting|compelling|humorous|funny|chucklesome|witty|droll|comical|hilarious|fun


word: ENTERTAINMENT
russian_word: развлечения
example: everyone just sits in front of the television for entertainment
definition: the action of providing or being provided with amusement or enjoyment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛntəˈteɪnm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɛntəˈteɪnm(ə)nt
synonyms:
amusement|pleasure|leisure|relaxation|fun|enjoyment|interest|occupation|refreshment|restoration|distraction|diversion|divertissement|play|R and R|jollies|beer and skittles|rec|sport|disport


word: ENTHALPY
russian_word: энтальпия
origin: early 20th century: from Greek enthalpein ‘warm in’, from en- ‘within’ + thalpein ‘to heat’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnθ(ə)lpi
phonetics_text: ˈɛnθ(ə)lpi|ɛnˈθalpi
definition:
a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the total heat content of a system. It is equal to the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume.


word: ENTHRAL
russian_word: увлекать
definition: capture the fascinated attention of.|enslave.
antonyms: bore|repel|boring|dull
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈθrɔːl
phonetics_text: ɪnˈθrɔːl|ɛnˈθrɔːl
example:
she had been so enthralled by the adventure that she had hardly noticed the cold|it is as hard and dangerous to inthrall a people that would live free

synonyms:
captivate|charm|enchant|bewitch|fascinate|beguile|entrance|enrapture|delight|attract|allure|lure|win|ensnare|dazzle|absorb|engross|rivet|grip|transfix|root someone to the spot|transport|carry away|hypnotize|mesmerize|intrigue|spellbind|hold spellbound|get under someone's skin|fascinating|entrancing|enchanting|bewitching|captivating|charming|beguiling|enrapturing|delightful|attractive|alluring|winning|dazzling|absorbing|engrossing|memorable|compelling|riveting|readable|gripping|exciting|transfixing|transporting|hypnotic|mesmerizing|intriguing|spellbinding|unputdownable

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘enslave’; formerly also as inthrall ): from en-1, in-2 (as an intensifier) + thrall.


word: ENTHRALMENT
russian_word: рабство
definition: the state of being fascinated.|the state of being enslaved; enslavement.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈθrɔːlm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈθrɔːlm(ə)nt|ɛnˈθrɔːlm(ə)nt
example:
their enthralment with the supernatural|technological advancement would ensure our voluntary enthralment


word: ENTHRONE
russian_word: возводить на престол
example: the new archbishop was enthroned in York Minster
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈθrəʊn
phonetics_text: ɪnˈθrəʊn|ɛnˈθrəʊn
definition:
install (a monarch or bishop) on a throne, especially during a ceremony to mark the beginning of their rule.


word: ENTHUSE
russian_word: приходить в восторг
example: they both enthused over my new look
definition: express eager enjoyment, interest, or approval regarding something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈθjuːz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈθjuːz|ɛnˈθjuːz
synonyms:
rave|be enthusiastic|gush|wax lyrical|bubble over|effervesce|be effusive|rhapsodize|go into raptures|praise to the skies|heap praise on|make much of|throw bouquets at|eulogize|extol|acclaim|go wild/mad/crazy|get all worked up|go over the top|big someone/something up|ballyhoo|cry someone/something up|laud|panegyrize


word: ENTHUSIASM
russian_word: энтузиазм
example: her energy and enthusiasm for life
antonyms: apathy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈθjuːzɪaz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪnˈθjuːzɪaz(ə)m|ɛnˈθjuːzɪaz(ə)m
definition:
intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.|religious fervour supposedly resulting directly from divine inspiration, typically involving speaking in tongues and wild, uncoordinated movements of the body.

synonyms:
eagerness|keenness|ardour|fervour|warmth|passion|zeal|zealousness|zest|gusto|brio|pep|go|sap|liveliness|vivacity|vivaciousness|energy|verve|vigour|dynamism|vehemence|fire|excitement|exuberance|ebullience|spirit|avidity|avidness|wholeheartedness|commitment|willingness|readiness|devotion|devotedness|fanaticism|earnestness|oomph|zing|zip|zap|vim|get-up-and-go|fervency|ardency|passionateness

origin:
mid 16th century (in enthusiasm (sense 2)): via late Latin enthusiasmus ‘inspiration, frenzy’ from Greek enthousiasmos, from enthousiazein ‘be inspired or possessed by a god’ (based on theos ‘god’).


word: ENTHUSIAST
russian_word: энтузиаст
example: a sports car enthusiast
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈθjuːzɪast
phonetics_text: ɪnˈθjuːzɪast|ɛnˈθjuːzɪast
definition:
a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject.|a person of intense and visionary Christian views.

synonyms:
fan|fanatic|devotee|aficionado|addict|lover|admirer|supporter|follower|expert|wizard|connoisseur|authority|pundit|cognoscente|one of the cognoscenti|savant|buff|freak|nut|fiend|maniac|ninja|ham|a great one for|maven|geek|jock|nerd|fundi

origin:
mid 16th century (referring to a person believing that he or she is divinely inspired): via late Latin enthusiasta ‘kind of heretic’ from Greek enthousiastēs ‘person inspired by a god’, from enthousiazein (see enthusiasm).


word: ENTHUSIASTIC
russian_word: восторженный
example: he could be wildly enthusiastic about a project
definition: having or showing intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval.
antonyms: apathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈastɪk
phonetics_text: ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈastɪk|ɛnˌθjuːzɪˈastɪk
synonyms:
eager|keen|avid|ardent|fervent|warm|passionate|zealous|lively|vivacious|energetic|energized|animated|vigorous|dynamic|vehement|fiery|excited|exuberant|ebullient|spirited|hearty|wholehearted|committed|willing|ready|devoted|fanatical|earnest|turnt

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a person believing that he or she is divinely inspired ): from Greek enthousiastikos, from enthous ‘possessed by a god’ (see enthusiasm).


word: ENTHYMEME
russian_word: энтимема
definition: an argument in which one premise is not explicitly stated.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnθɪmiːm
phonetics_text: ˈɛnθɪmiːm
origin:
mid 16th century: via Latin from Greek enthumēma, from enthumeisthai ‘consider’, from en- ‘within’ + thumos ‘mind’.


word: ENTICE
russian_word: соблазнять
example: a show which should entice a new audience into the theatre
definition: attract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtʌɪs
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʌɪs|ɛnˈtʌɪs
synonyms:
tempt|allure|lure|attract|dangle a carrot in front of|appeal to|invite|persuade|convince|inveigle|induce|beguile|cajole|wheedle|coax|woo|seduce|lead astray|lead on|decoy|sweet-talk|smooth-talk|tempting|alluring|attractive|appealing|fetching|inviting|glamorous|captivating|seductive|enchanting|beguiling|charming|fascinating|intriguing|tantalizing|magnetic|irresistible|come-hither

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘incite, provoke’; formerly also as intice ): from Old French enticier, probably from a base meaning ‘set on fire’, based on an alteration of Latin titio ‘firebrand’.


word: ENTICEMENT
russian_word: обольщение
example: financial enticements
definition: something used to attract or to tempt someone; a lure.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtʌɪsm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʌɪsm(ə)nt|ɛnˈtʌɪsm(ə)nt
synonyms:
lure|temptation|allure|attraction|desirability|bait|draw|pull|call|appeal|glamour|allurement|bewitchment|enchantment|charm|seduction|persuasion|fascination|captivation|magnetism|come-on


word: ENTIRE
russian_word: весь
example: my plans are to travel the entire world
antonyms: partial
synonyms: whole|complete|total|full|continuous|unbroken|uninterrupted|undivided
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtʌɪə
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʌɪə|ɛnˈtʌɪə
definition:
with no part left out; whole.|not broken, damaged, or decayed.|(of a male horse) not castrated.|(of a leaf) without indentations or division into leaflets.

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as intire ): from Old French entier, based on Latin integer ‘untouched, whole’, from in- ‘not’ + tangere ‘to touch’.


word: ENTIRELY
russian_word: полностью
example: the traffic seemed to consist entirely of black cabs
definition: completely (often used for emphasis).
antonyms: partially|slightly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪnˈtʌɪəli
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʌɪəli|ɛnˈtʌɪəli
synonyms:
absolutely|completely|totally|fully|wholly|altogether|utterly|quite|in every respect|in every way|in all respects|lock|stock|and barrel|unreservedly|without reservation|without exception|thoroughly|perfectly|downright|one hundred per cent|every inch|to the hilt|to the core|all the way|bang|dead|totes


word: ENTIRETY
russian_word: полнота
example: she would have to stay in her room for the entirety of the weekend
definition: the whole of something.
antonyms: part
synonyms: whole|sum|total|aggregate|totality|gross|sum total|grand total
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtʌɪərəti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʌɪərəti|ɛnˈtʌɪərəti
origin:
Middle English: from Old French entierete, from Latin integritas, from integer ‘untouched, whole’ (see entire). Compare with integrity.


word: ENTITLE
russian_word: давать право
example: employees are normally entitled to redundancy pay|a satire entitled ‘The Rise of the Meritocracy’
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtʌɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtʌɪt(ə)l|ɛnˈtʌɪt(ə)l
definition:
give (someone) a legal right or a just claim to receive or do something.|give (something) a particular title.

synonyms:
qualify|make eligible|authorize|sanction|allow|permit|grant|grant/give the right|give permission|enable|empower|accredit|enfranchise|capacitate

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as intitle ): via Old French from late Latin intitulare, from in- ‘in’ + Latin titulus ‘title’.


word: ENTITY
russian_word: организация
example: Church and empire were fused in a single entity
definition: a thing with distinct and independent existence.
synonyms: organization|institution|establishment|body|operation|structure|system|unit|whole|set-up|outfit
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntɪti
phonetics_text: ˈɛntɪti
origin:
late 15th century (denoting a thing's existence): from French entité or medieval Latin entitas, from late Latin ens, ent- ‘being’ (from esse ‘be’).


word: ENTOMB
russian_word: погребать
example: mummified bodies were entombed in the pyramids of Egypt
definition: place (a dead body) in a tomb.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtuːm
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtuːm|ɛnˈtuːm
synonyms:
inter|place in a tomb|lay to rest|bury|consign to the grave|place six feet under|plant|inhume|sepulchre

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as intomb ): from Old French entomber, from en- ‘in’ + tombe ‘tomb’.


word: ENTOMBMENT
russian_word: погребение
example: the entombment of Christ
definition: the placing of a dead body in a tomb; interment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtuːmˌm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtuːmˌm(ə)nt|ɛnˈtuːmˌm(ə)nt
synonyms:
interment|laying to rest|burial|burying|consignment to the grave|committal|inhumation|funeral|obsequies|exequies


word: ENTOMOLOGY
russian_word: энтомология
definition: the branch of zoology concerned with the study of insects.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛntəˈmɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌɛntəˈmɒlədʒi
origin:
mid 18th century: from French entomologie or modern Latin entomologia, from Greek entomon (denoting an insect) + -logia (see -logy).


word: ENTOURAGE
russian_word: окружение
example: an entourage of loyal courtiers
definition: a group of people attending or surrounding an important person.
origin: mid 19th century: French, from entourer ‘to surround’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɒntʊrɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ˈɒntʊrɑːʒ|ˌɒntʊ(ə)ˈrɑːʒ
synonyms:
retinue|escort|company|cortège|train|suite|court|staff|bodyguard|attendants|companions|followers|retainers|members of court|camp followers|associates|hangers-on|groupies


word: ENTRAILS
russian_word: внутренности
example: a priest would find omens in the steaming entrails of a sacrificed animal
definition: a person's or animal's intestines or internal organs, especially when removed or exposed.
synonyms: intestines|internal organs|bowels|guts|vital organs|viscera|offal|insides|innards|numbles
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntreɪlz
phonetics_text: ˈɛntreɪlz
origin:
Middle English: from Old French entrailles, from medieval Latin intralia, alteration of Latin interanea ‘internal things’, based on inter ‘among’.


word: ENTRANCE
russian_word: вход
example: the southern entrance of the palace|at their abrupt entrance he rose to his feet
antonyms: exit
origin: early 16th century: from Old French, from entrer ‘enter’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntr(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɛntr(ə)ns
definition:
an opening, such as a door, passage, or gate, that allows access to a place.|an act or instance of entering somewhere.

synonyms:
entry|way in|means of entry/access|ingress|access|approach|door|doorway|portal|gate|gateway|opening|mouth|drive|driveway|passageway|gangway|entrance hall|foyer|lobby|porch|concourse|threshold|entryway


word: ENTRANT
russian_word: Абитуриенту
example: the prize will be awarded to the entrant who wins the tiebreak
definition: a person or group that enters or takes part in something.
antonyms: veteran
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛntr(ə)nt
synonyms:
new member|new arrival|beginner|newcomer|fresher|freshman|recruit|new boy/girl|novice|trainee|apprentice|probationer|tyro|initiate|neophyte|tenderfoot|hire|rookie|greenhorn|new kid|newbie|cub|competitor|contestant|contender|challenger|participant|player|candidate|applicant

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a person who joins or gains admission to an institution, profession, etc.): from enter + -ant.


word: ENTREAT
russian_word: умолять
example: his friends entreated him not to go|the King, I fear, hath ill entreated her
definition: ask someone earnestly or anxiously to do something.|treat (someone) in a specified manner.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtriːt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtriːt|ɛnˈtriːt
synonyms:
implore|beseech|beg|plead with|supplicate|pray|ask|request|bid|enjoin|appeal to|call on|petition|solicit|exhort|urge|importune|crave|impetrate|obtest|obsecrate

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘treat, act towards (someone)’; formerly also as intreat ): from Old French entraitier, based on traitier ‘to treat’, from Latin tractare ‘to handle’.


word: ENTREATY
russian_word: просьба
example: the king turned a deaf ear to his entreaties
definition: an earnest or humble request.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtriːti
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtriːti|ɛnˈtriːti
synonyms:
plea|appeal|request|petition|cry from the heart|suit|application|claim|beseeching|pleading|begging|solicitation|importuning|supplication|bidding|exhortation|urge|demand|enjoinment|prayer|cri de cœur|impetration|obtestation|obsecration|imploration

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘treatment, management’; formerly also as intreaty ): from entreat, on the pattern of treaty .


word: ENTRENCH
russian_word: покушаться
antonyms: dislodge
synonyms: establish|settle|ensconce|lodge|set|root|install|plant|embed|anchor|seat|station|dig in
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense ‘place within a trench’): from en-1, in-2 ‘into’ + trench.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtrɛn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtrɛn(t)ʃ|ɛnˈtrɛn(t)ʃ
example:
ageism is entrenched in our society|the corps was now fully entrenched on the Right Bank|concessions which entrenched so deeply on the honour and dignity of the Crown

definition:
establish (an attitude, habit, or belief) so firmly that change is very difficult or unlikely.|establish (a military force) in trenches or other fortified positions.|encroach or trespass on.


word: ENTRENCHED
russian_word: укоренившийся
example: an entrenched resistance to change
antonyms: superficial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnˈtrɛn(t)ʃt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtrɛn(t)ʃt|ɛnˈtrɛn(t)ʃt
definition:
(of an attitude, habit, or belief) firmly established and difficult or unlikely to change; ingrained.

synonyms:
ingrained|established|well established|long-established|confirmed|fixed|set firm|firm|deep-seated|deep-rooted|rooted|deep-set|unshakeable|irremovable|indelible|ineradicable|inveterate|immutable|inexorable|dyed-in-the-wool


word: ENTRENCHMENT
russian_word: окоп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtrɛn(t)ʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtrɛn(t)ʃm(ə)nt|ɛnˈtrɛn(t)ʃm(ə)nt
example:
this book demonstrates the entrenchment of certain views and paradigms in financial history|the English dug entrenchments and moved forward

definition:
the process or fact of an attitude, habit, or belief becoming so firmly established that change is very difficult or unlikely.|a trench or system of trenches dug by troops to provide a place of shelter from enemy fire.


word: ENTREPRENEUR
russian_word: предприниматель
example: many entrepreneurs see potential in this market
definition: a person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɒntrəprəˈnəː
phonetics_text: ˌɒntrəprəˈnəː
synonyms:
businessman|businesswoman|business person|business executive|enterpriser|speculator|tycoon|magnate|dealer|trader|buyer and seller|merchant|commercial intermediary|intermediary|middleman|promoter|impresario|wheeler-dealer|mogul|big shot|bigwig|whizz-kid|mover and shaker|go-getter|high-flyer|hustler

origin:
mid 18th century (denoting a person who undertakes a project): from French, from entreprendre ‘undertake’ (see enterprise).


word: ENTROPION
russian_word: заворот
origin: mid 18th century: from en-2 ‘inside’, on the pattern of ectropion.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈtrəʊpɪən
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtrəʊpɪən|ɛnˈtrəʊpɪən
definition:
a condition in which the eyelid is rolled inward against the eyeball, typically caused by muscle spasm or by inflammation or scarring of the conjunctiva (as in diseases such as trachoma), and resulting in irritation of the eye by the lashes (trichiasis).


word: ENTROPY
russian_word: энтропия
origin: mid 19th century: from en-2 ‘inside’ + Greek tropē ‘transformation’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntrəpi
phonetics_text: ˈɛntrəpi
example:
the second law of thermodynamics says that entropy always increases with time|a marketplace where entropy reigns supreme

definition:
a thermodynamic quantity representing the unavailability of a system's thermal energy for conversion into mechanical work, often interpreted as the degree of disorder or randomness in the system.|lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder.|(in information theory) a logarithmic measure of the rate of transfer of information in a particular message or language.


word: ENTRUST
russian_word: доверять
example: I've been entrusted with the task of getting him safely back
definition: assign the responsibility for doing something to (someone).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtrʌst
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtrʌst|ɛnˈtrʌst
synonyms:
give responsibility for|charge|invest|endow|burden|encumber|saddle|tax|assign|confer on|bestow on|vest in|consign|delegate|depute|devolve|put into the hands of|turn over|hand over|give|grant|vouchsafe


word: ENTRY
russian_word: вход
antonyms: departure
synonyms: appearance|arrival|entrance|ingress|coming|coming/going in|approach|introduction|materialization
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntri
phonetics_text: ˈɛntri
example:
the door was locked, but he forced an entry|the entries in the cash book|from the hundreds of entries we received, twelve winners were finally chosen

definition:
an act of going or coming in.|an item written or printed in a diary, list, account book, or reference book.|a person or thing competing in a race or competition.|the forward part of a ship's hull below the waterline, considered in terms of breadth or narrowness.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French entree, based on Latin intrata, feminine past participle of intrare (see enter).


word: ENTRYISM
russian_word: внедрение в политическую партию
example: cases of alleged entryism have been reported in many constituencies
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛntrɪɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈɛntrɪɪz(ə)m
definition:
the infiltration of a political party by members of another group, with the intention of subverting its policies or objectives.


word: ENTWINE
russian_word: обвить
example: they lay entwined in each other's arms
definition: wind or twist together; interweave.
antonyms: unravel|disentangle
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈtwʌɪn
phonetics_text: ɪnˈtwʌɪn|ɛnˈtwʌɪn
synonyms:
wind round|twist round|coil round|wrap round|weave|intertwine|interlink|interlace|interweave|interthread|criss-cross|entangle|tangle|twine|link|lace|braid|plait|knit|wreathe|pleach


word: ENUCLEATE
russian_word: выяснять
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic: ɪˈnjuːklɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnjuːklɪeɪt
example:
replication will occur in enucleated cells|when an eyeball is enucleated, as much of the optic nerve as possible should be removed

definition:
remove the nucleus from (a cell).|surgically remove (a tumour or gland, or the eyeball) intact from its surrounding capsule.

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘clarify, explain’): from Latin enucleat- ‘extracted, made clear’, from the verb enucleare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + nucleus ‘kernel’ (see nucleus).


word: ENUMERATE
russian_word: перечислять
example: there is not space to enumerate all his works
definition: mention (a number of things) one by one.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈnjuːməreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnjuːməreɪt
synonyms:
list|itemize|catalogue|set out|set forth|give|cite|name|mention|specify|identify|spell out|detail|particularize|summarize|recount|recite|rehearse|recapitulate|quote|relate|run through|reel off|rattle off|check off|tick off

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin enumerat- ‘counted out’, from the verb enumerare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + numerus ‘number’.


word: ENUNCIATE
russian_word: произносить
example: she enunciated each word slowly
definition: say or pronounce clearly.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈnʌnsɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈnʌnsɪeɪt
synonyms:
pronounce|articulate|say|speak|utter|express|voice|vocalize|sound|mouth|get one's tongue round|enounce

origin:
mid 16th century (as enunciation ): from Latin enuntiat- ‘announced clearly’, from the verb enuntiare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + nuntiare ‘announce’ (from nuntius ‘messenger’).


word: ENVELOP
russian_word: окутывать
example: a figure enveloped in a black cloak
definition: wrap up, cover, or surround completely.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈvɛləp
phonetics_text: ɪnˈvɛləp|ɛnˈvɛləp
synonyms:
surround|cover|enfold|enwrap|blanket|swathe|swaddle|wrap (up)|engulf|encircle|encompass|cocoon|sheathe|encase|enclose|cloak|conceal|hide|obscure|cover (up)|screen|shield|mask|veil|shroud|mantle|enshroud|obnubilate

origin:
late Middle English (formerly also as invelop(e) ): from Old French envoluper, from en- ‘in’ + a second element (also found in develop) of unknown origin.


word: ENVELOPE
russian_word: конверт
example: the external envelope of the swimming pool
synonyms: wrapper|wrapping|wrap|sleeve|cover|covering|casing|case
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnvələʊp
phonetics_text: ˈɛnvələʊp|ˈɒnvələʊp
definition:
a flat paper container with a sealable flap, used to enclose a letter or document.|a covering or containing structure or layer.

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘wrapper, enveloping layer’; originally as envelope ): from French enveloppe, from envelopper ‘envelop’. The sense ‘covering of a letter’ dates from the early 18th century.


word: ENVENOM
russian_word: вливать яд
example: the blades were envenomed with a fatal poison for which there is no antidote
definition: put poison on or into; make poisonous.
antonyms: sweeten
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈvɛnəm
phonetics_text: ɪnˈvɛnəm|ɛnˈvɛnəm
synonyms:
poison|add poison to|spike|lace|contaminate|embitter|make bitter|sour|make rancorous|jaundice|colour|taint|anger|aggravate|antagonize

origin:
Middle English (formerly also as invenom ): from Old French envenimer, from en- ‘in’ + venim ‘venom’.


word: ENVIABLE
russian_word: завидный
example: the firm is in the enviable position of having a full order book
definition: arousing or likely to arouse envy.
antonyms: unenviable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛnvɪəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛnvɪəb(ə)l
synonyms:
desirable|attractive|sought-after|desired|admirable|fortunate|lucky|favoured|blessed|worth having|excellent|covetable|exciting envy|tempting|to die for


word: ENVIOUS
russian_word: завистливый
example: I'm envious of their happiness
definition: feeling or showing envy.
antonyms: generous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛnvɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈɛnvɪəs
synonyms:
jealous|covetous|desirous|grudging|begrudging|resentful|jaundiced|bitter|malicious|spiteful|green with envy|green|green-eyed|emulous

origin:
Middle English: from Old French envieus, from envie ‘envy’, on the pattern of Latin invidiosus ‘invidious’.


word: ENVIRON
russian_word: среда
example: the stone circle was environed by an expanse of peat soil
definition: surround; enclose.
synonyms: surround|encircle|enclose|ring|envelop|blanket|swathe|swaddle|wrap|cloak
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈvʌɪrən
phonetics_text: ɪnˈvʌɪrən|ɛnˈvʌɪrən
origin:
Middle English (formerly also as inviron ): from Old French environer, from environ ‘surroundings’, from en ‘in’ + viron ‘circuit’ (from virer ‘to turn, veer’).


word: ENVIRONMENT
russian_word: среда
example: survival in an often hostile environment|the impact of pesticides on the environment
synonyms: habitat|territory|domain|home|abode|surroundings|conditions|environs|circumstances
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈvʌɪrənm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪnˈvʌɪrənm(ə)nt|ɛnˈvʌɪrənm(ə)nt
definition:
the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.|the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.


word: ENVIRONMENTAL
russian_word: окружающей среды
example: acid rain may have caused major environmental damage|environmental noise
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪnvʌɪrənˈmɛnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪnvʌɪrənˈmɛnt(ə)l|ɛnvʌɪrənˈmɛnt(ə)l
definition:
relating to the natural world and the impact of human activity on its condition.|relating to or arising from a person's surroundings.


word: ENVIRONMENTALLY
russian_word: экологически
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɛnvʌɪrənˈmɛnt(ə)li
phonetics_text: ɛnvʌɪrənˈmɛnt(ə)li
example:
alternatives to environmentally damaging pesticides|environmentally speaking, it's a good job change for me

definition:
in a way that relates to the natural world and the impact of human activity on its condition.|in a way that relates to a person's surroundings.


word: ENVIRONS
russian_word: окрестности
example: the picturesque environs of the loch
definition: the surrounding area or district.
origin: mid 17th century: from French, plural of environ (see environ).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪnˈvʌɪrənz
phonetics_text: ɪnˈvʌɪrənz|ɛnˈvʌɪrənz|ˈɛnvɪrənz
synonyms:
surroundings|surrounding area|vicinity|locality|neighbourhood|district|region|outskirts|suburbs|suburbia|precincts|borders|periphery|purlieus|vicinage


word: ENVISAGE
russian_word: предусмотреть
example: the Rome Treaty envisaged free movement across frontiers
definition: contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event.
origin: early 19th century: from French envisager, from en- ‘in’ + visage ‘face’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ɪnˈvɪzɪdʒ|ɛnˈvɪzɪdʒ
synonyms:
foresee|predict|forecast|foretell|anticipate|expect|think likely|envision|intend|propose|mean|imagine|contemplate|visualize|picture|see in one's mind's eye|conceive of|think of|understand|grasp|appreciate|apprehend|ideate


word: ENVISION
russian_word: представлять себе
example: she envisioned the admiring glances of guests seeing her home
definition: imagine as a future possibility; visualize.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɛnˈvɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛnˈvɪʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
visualize|imagine|envisage|picture|see in one's mind's eye|conjure up an image of|intend|propose|mean|conceive of|think of|see|ideate


word: ENVOY
russian_word: посланник
example: the UN special envoy to Yugoslavia
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnvɔɪ
phonetics_text: ˈɛnvɔɪ
definition:
a messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission.|a minister plenipotentiary, ranking below ambassador and above chargé d'affaires.

synonyms:
representative|delegate|deputy|agent|intermediary|mediator|negotiator|proxy|surrogate|liaison|broker|accredited messenger|courier|spokesperson|spokesman|spokeswoman|mouthpiece|stand-in|go-between|factor

origin:
mid 17th century: from French envoyé, past participle of envoyer ‘send’, from en voie ‘on the way’, based on Latin via ‘way’.


word: ENVY
russian_word: зависть
example: she felt a twinge of envy for the people on board
antonyms: generosity
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛnvi
phonetics_text: ˈɛnvi
definition:
a feeling of discontented or resentful longing aroused by someone else's possessions, qualities, or luck.

synonyms:
jealousy|enviousness|covetousness|desire|resentment|resentfulness|bitterness|discontent|spite|the green-eyed monster

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘hostility, enmity’): from Old French envie (noun), envier (verb), from Latin invidia, from invidere ‘regard maliciously, grudge’, from in- ‘into’ + videre ‘to see’.


word: ENZYME
russian_word: фермент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛnzʌɪm
phonetics_text: ˈɛnzʌɪm
definition:
a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

origin:
late 19th century: coined in German from modern Greek enzumos ‘leavened’, from en- ‘within’ + Greek zumē ‘leaven’.


word: EOCENE
russian_word: эоцен
example: similar patterns have been documented in North American mammals across the late Eocene extinction
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek ēōs ‘dawn’ + kainos ‘new’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈiːə(ʊ)siːn
phonetics_text: ˈiːə(ʊ)siːn
definition:
relating to or denoting the second epoch of the Tertiary period, between the Palaeocene and Oligocene epochs.


word: EOSIN
russian_word: эозин
origin: late 19th century: from Greek ēōs ‘dawn’ + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːə(ʊ)sɪn
phonetics_text: ˈiːə(ʊ)sɪn
definition:
a red fluorescent dye that is a bromine derivative of fluorescein, or one of its salts or other derivatives.


word: EOSINOPHILIA
russian_word: эозинофилия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːə(ʊ)ˌsɪnəˈfɪlɪə
phonetics_text: ˌiːə(ʊ)ˌsɪnəˈfɪlɪə
definition:
an increase in the number of eosinophils in the blood, occurring in response to some allergens, drugs, and parasites, and in some types of leukaemia.


word: EPACT
russian_word: эпакта
definition: the number of days by which the solar year exceeds the lunar year.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːpakt
phonetics_text: ˈiːpakt
origin:
mid 16th century (denoting the age of the moon in days at the beginning of the calendar year): from French épacte, via late Latin from Greek epaktai (hēmerai) ‘intercalated (days)’, from epagein ‘bring in’, from epi ‘in addition’ + agein ‘bring’.


word: EPARCH
russian_word: глава епархии
definition: the chief bishop of an eparchy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɑːk
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɑːk
origin:
mid 17th century (denoting the governor of an administrative division of Greece): from Greek eparkhos, from epi ‘above’ + arkhos ‘ruler’.


word: EPAULETTE
russian_word: эполет
example: an army greatcoat with fancy epaulettes and brass buttons
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpəlɛt
phonetics_text: ˈɛpəlɛt|ˈɛpɔːlɛt|ˌɛpəˈlɛt
definition:
an ornamental shoulder piece on an item of clothing, especially on the coat or jacket of a military uniform.

origin:
late 18th century: from French épaulette, diminutive of épaule ‘shoulder’, from Latin spatula in the late Latin sense ‘shoulder blade’.


word: EPENDYMA
russian_word: эпендима
origin: late 19th century: from Greek ependuma, from ependuein ‘put on over’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈpɛndɪmə
phonetics_text: ɛˈpɛndɪmə
definition:
the thin membrane of glial cells lining the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord.


word: EPENTHESIS
russian_word: эпентеза
definition: the insertion of a sound or letter within a word, e.g. the b in thimble.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈpɛnθɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ɛˈpɛnθɪsɪs
origin:
mid 16th century: via late Latin from Greek, from epentithenai ‘insert’, from epi ‘in addition’ + en- ‘within’ + tithenai ‘to place’.


word: EPHEBE
russian_word: Эфеб
definition: (in ancient Greece) a young man of 18–20 years undergoing military training.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈfiːb
phonetics_text: ɛˈfiːb|ɪˈfiːb|ˈɛfiːb
origin:
late 19th centuryː via Latin from Greek ephēbos ‘adolescent boy’, from epi ‘near to’ + hēbē ‘youth, early manhood’.


word: EPHEDRA
russian_word: эфедра
origin: modern Latin: from Latin, ‘equisetum’ (a plant that ephedra resembles), from Greek.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈfɛdrə
phonetics_text: ɛˈfɛdrə
definition:
an evergreen shrub of warm arid regions which has trailing or climbing stems and tiny scale-like leaves.


word: EPHEDRINE
russian_word: эфедрин
origin: late 19th century: from ephedra + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛfədriːn
phonetics_text: ˈɛfədriːn
definition:
a crystalline alkaloid drug obtained from some ephedras. It causes constriction of the blood vessels and widening of the bronchial passages, and is used to relieve asthma and hay fever.


word: EPHEMERA
russian_word: однодневка
example: there were papers, letters, old boxes—all sorts of ephemera
definition: things that exist or are used or enjoyed for only a short time.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈfɛm(ə)rə
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛm(ə)rə|ɪˈfiːm(ə)rə
origin:
late 16th century: plural of ephemeron, from Greek, neuter of ephēmeros ‘lasting only a day’. As a singular noun the word originally denoted a plant said by ancient writers to last only one day, or an insect with a short lifespan, and hence was applied (late 18th century) to a person or thing of short-lived interest. Current use has been influenced by plurals such as trivia and memorabilia .


word: EPHEMERAL
russian_word: эфемерный
example: fashions are ephemeral: new ones regularly drive out the old
definition: lasting for a very short time.
antonyms: long-lived|permanent
origin: late 16th century: from Greek ephēmeros (see ephemera) + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈfɛm(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛm(ə)r(ə)l|ɪˈfiːm(ə)r(ə)l
synonyms:
transitory|transient|fleeting|passing|short-lived|momentary|brief|short|cursory|temporary|impermanent|short-term|fading|evanescent|fugitive|fly-by-night|fugacious


word: EPHEMERIS
russian_word: эфемерид
example: you can compute an ephemeris for any comet that is discovered and plot an accurate finder chart
origin: early 16th century: from Latin, from Greek ephēmeros ‘lasting only a day’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈfɛm(ə)rɪs
phonetics_text: ɪˈfɛm(ə)rɪs|ɪˈfiːm(ə)rɪs
definition:
a table or data file giving the calculated positions of a celestial object at regular intervals throughout a period.


word: EPIC
russian_word: эпический
example: the business of getting hospital treatment soon became an epic
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɛpɪk
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪk
definition:
a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the past history of a nation.|an exceptionally long and arduous task or activity.

synonyms:
heroic poem|long poem|long story|saga|legend|romance|lay|history|chronicle|myth|fable|folk tale|folk story

origin:
late 16th century (as an adjective): via Latin from Greek epikos, from epos ‘word, song’, related to eipein ‘say’.


word: EPICARDIUM
russian_word: эпикард
origin: mid 19th century: from epi- ‘above’ + Greek kardia ‘heart’, on the pattern of pericardium .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈkɑːdɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈkɑːdɪəm
definition:
a serous membrane that forms the innermost layer of the pericardium, attached to the muscles of the wall of the heart.


word: EPICENE
russian_word: женоподобный
example: the sort of epicene beauty peculiar to boys of a certain age
definition: having characteristics of both sexes or no characteristics of either sex; of indeterminate sex.
synonyms: sexless|asexual|neuter|unsexed|androgynous|hermaphrodite|hermaphroditic
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪsiːn
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪsiːn
origin:
late Middle English (as a grammatical term): via late Latin from Greek epikoinos (based on koinos ‘common’).


word: EPICENTRE
russian_word: эпицентр
definition: the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪsɛntə
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪsɛntə
origin:
late 19th century: from Greek epikentros ‘situated on a centre’, from epi ‘upon’ + kentron ‘centre’.


word: EPICLESIS
russian_word: Эпиклезис
origin: late 19th century: from Greek epiklēsis, from epikalein ‘call on’, from epi- + kalein ‘call’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛpɪˈkliːsɪs
phonetics_text: ɛpɪˈkliːsɪs
definition:
the part of the Eucharistic prayer in which the presence of the Holy Spirit is invoked to bless the elements or the communicants.


word: EPICONDYLE
russian_word: надмыщелок
origin: mid 19th century: from French épicondyle, modern Latin epicondylus (see epi-, condyle).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈkɒndɪl
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈkɒndɪl
definition:
a protuberance above or on the condyle of a long bone, especially either of the two at the elbow end of the humerus.


word: EPICRITIC
russian_word: послекризисного
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈkrɪtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈkrɪtɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting those sensory nerve fibres of the skin that are capable of fine discrimination of touch or temperature stimuli.

origin:
late 19th century (in sense ‘constituting a review or discussion of a medical case’): from Greek epikritikos ‘giving judgement over’, from epi ‘upon or over’ + krinein ‘to judge’.


word: EPICURE
russian_word: эпикуреец
example: they see themselves as epicures—delighting in food that is properly prepared
definition: a person who takes particular pleasure in fine food and drink.
synonyms: gourmet|gastronome|gourmand|connoisseur|glutton|sensualist|hedonist|bon viveur|bon vivant|foodie
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪkjʊə
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪkjʊə|ˈɛpɪkjɔː
origin:
late Middle English (denoting a disciple of Epicurus): via medieval Latin from Greek Epikouros ‘Epicurus’.


word: EPICUREAN
russian_word: эпикуреец
antonyms: puritan
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪkjʊ(ə)ˈriːən
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪkjʊ(ə)ˈriːən
definition:
a disciple or student of the Greek philosopher Epicurus.|a person devoted to sensual enjoyment, especially that derived from fine food and drink.

synonyms:
hedonist|sensualist|pleasure seeker|pleasure lover|sybarite|voluptuary|epicure|gourmet|gastronome|connoisseur|gourmand|glutton|bon viveur|bon vivant


word: EPICUREANISM
russian_word: эпикурейство
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛpɪkjʊ(ə)ˈriːənɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɛpɪkjʊ(ə)ˈriːənɪz(ə)m
definition:
an ancient school of philosophy founded in Athens by Epicurus. The school rejected determinism and advocated hedonism (pleasure as the highest good), but of a restrained kind: mental pleasure was regarded more highly than physical, and the ultimate pleasure was held to be freedom from anxiety and mental pain, especially that arising from needless fear of death and of the gods.


word: EPICUTICLE
russian_word: эпикутикула
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪˌkjuːtɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪˌkjuːtɪk(ə)l
definition:
the thin, waxy protective outer layer covering the surfaces of some plants, fungi, and insects and other arthropods.


word: EPICYCLE
russian_word: эпицикл
definition: a small circle whose centre moves round the circumference of a larger one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪˌsʌɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪˌsʌɪk(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or via late Latin from Greek epikuklos, from epi ‘upon’ + kuklos ‘circle’.


word: EPICYCLOID
russian_word: эпициклоида
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈsʌɪklɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈsʌɪklɔɪd
definition:
a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle rolling on the exterior of another circle.


word: EPIDEMIC
russian_word: эпидемия
example: a flu epidemic
definition: a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɛpɪˈdɛmɪk
phonetics_text: ɛpɪˈdɛmɪk
synonyms:
outbreak|plague|scourge|infestation|widespread illness/disease|pandemic|epizootic|recrudescence|boutade

origin:
early 17th century (as an adjective): from French épidémique, from épidémie, via late Latin from Greek epidēmia ‘prevalence of disease’, from epidēmios ‘prevalent’, from epi ‘upon’ + dēmos ‘the people’.


word: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
russian_word: эпидемиологический
example: epidemiological studies of the effect of pesticides on humans
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪdiːmɪɒlədʒɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪdiːmɪɒlədʒɪk(ə)l
definition:
relating to the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases.


word: EPIDEMIOLOGIST
russian_word: эпидемиолог
example: epidemiologists are warning of a new pandemic
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪdiːmɪˈɒlədʒɪst
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪdiːmɪˈɒlədʒɪst
definition:
a person who studies or is an expert in the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases.


word: EPIDEMIOLOGY
russian_word: эпидемиология
origin: late 19th century: from Greek epidēmia ‘prevalence of disease’ + -logy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪdiːmɪˈɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪdiːmɪˈɒlədʒi
definition:
the branch of medicine which deals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.


word: EPIDERMOLYSIS
russian_word: эпидермолиза
origin: late 19th century: from Greek epidermis epidermis + -o- + lusis ‘loosening’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪdəːˈmɒlɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪdəːˈmɒlɪsɪs
definition:
loosening of the epidermis, with extensive blistering of the skin and mucous membranes, occurring either after injury or as a spontaneous and potentially dangerous condition, particularly in children.


word: EPIDOTE
russian_word: эпидот
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪdəʊt
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪdəʊt
definition:
a lustrous yellow-green crystalline mineral, common in metamorphic rocks. It consists of a basic, hydrated silicate of calcium, aluminium, and iron.

origin:
early 19th century: from French épidote, from Greek epididonai ‘give additionally’ (because of the length of the crystals).


word: EPIDURAL
russian_word: эпидуральный
origin: late 19th century: from epi- ‘upon’ + dura1 + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈdjʊər(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈdjʊər(ə)l
definition:
on or around the dura mater, in particular (of an anaesthetic) introduced into the space around the dura mater of the spinal cord.


word: EPIFAUNA
russian_word: эпифауна
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪfɔːnə
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪfɔːnə
definition:
animals living on the surface of the seabed or a riverbed, or attached to submerged objects or aquatic animals or plants.


word: EPIGASTRIUM
russian_word: эпигастрий
definition: the part of the upper abdomen immediately over the stomach.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈɡastrɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈɡastrɪəm
origin:
late 17th century: via late Latin from Greek epigastrion, neuter of epigastrios ‘over the belly’, from epi ‘upon’ + gastēr ‘belly’.


word: EPIGENESIS
russian_word: эпигенез
origin: mid 17th century: from epi- ‘in addition’ + genesis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈdʒɛnɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈdʒɛnɪsɪs
definition:
the theory, now generally held, that an embryo develops progressively from an undifferentiated egg cell.


word: EPIGENETIC
russian_word: эпигенетические
example: epigenetic carcinogens
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪdʒəˈnɛtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪdʒəˈnɛtɪk
definition:
relating to or arising from non-genetic influences on gene expression.|formed later than the surrounding or underlying rock formation.


word: EPIGENETICS
russian_word: эпигенетика
example: epigenetics has transformed the way we think about genomes
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪdʒəˈnɛtɪks
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪdʒəˈnɛtɪks
definition:
the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.


word: EPIGLOTTIS
russian_word: надгортанник
origin: late Middle English: from Greek epiglōttis, from epi ‘upon, near to’ + glōtta ‘tongue’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈɡlɒtɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈɡlɒtɪs
definition:
a flap of cartilage behind the root of the tongue, which is depressed during swallowing to cover the opening of the windpipe.


word: EPIGONE
russian_word: эпигон
example: the humdrum compositions of some of Beethoven's epigones
definition: a less distinguished follower or imitator of someone, especially an artist or philosopher.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪɡəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪɡəʊn
origin:
mid 18th century: plurals from French épigones and Latin epigoni, from Greek epigonoi ‘those born afterwards’ (based on gignesthai ‘be born’).


word: EPIGRAM
russian_word: эпиграмма
example: a Wildean epigram
definition: a pithy saying or remark expressing an idea in a clever and amusing way.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪɡram
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪɡram
synonyms:
quip|witticism|gem|play on words|jest|pun|sally|nice turn of phrase|bon mot|double entendre|jeu d'esprit|one-liner|gag|crack|wisecrack|paronomasia|equivoque|proverb|saying|maxim|adage|axiom|aphorism|saw|gnome|dictum|precept|epigraph|motto|catchphrase|cliché|truism|commonplace|words of wisdom|pearls of wisdom|(old) chestnut|apophthegm

origin:
late Middle English: from French épigramme, or Latin epigramma, from Greek, from epi ‘upon, in addition’ + gramma (see -gram1).


word: EPIGRAMMATIC
russian_word: эпиграмматический
example: an epigrammatic style
definition: in the style of an epigram; concise, clever, and amusing.
antonyms: expansive|rambling
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪɡrəˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪɡrəˈmatɪk
synonyms:
concise|succinct|terse|pithy|aphoristic|compact|condensed|compressed|short|brief|laconic|sparing|clipped|elliptical|tight|crisp|incisive|pointed|to the point|short and sweet|witty|clever|amusing|quick-witted|piquant|ingenious|sharp|trenchant|well tuned|finely honed|in well-chosen words|snappy|lapidary|compendious|synoptic|gnomic|apophthegmatic


word: EPIGRAPH
russian_word: эпиграф
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪɡrɑːf
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪɡrɑːf
definition:
an inscription on a building, statue, or coin.|a short quotation or saying at the beginning of a book or chapter, intended to suggest its theme.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting the heading of a document or letter): from Greek epigraphē, from epigraphein ‘write on’.


word: EPILEPSY
russian_word: эпилепсия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪlɛpsi
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪlɛpsi
definition:
a neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

origin:
mid 16th century: from French épilepsie, or via late Latin from Greek epilēpsia, from epilambanein ‘seize, attack’, from epi ‘upon’ + lambanein ‘take hold of’.


word: EPILEPTIC
russian_word: эпилептический
example: he had an epileptic fit
definition: relating to or suffering from epilepsy.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈlɛptɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈlɛptɪk
origin:
early 17th century: from French épileptique, via late Latin from Greek epilēptikos, from epilēpsia (see epilepsy).


word: EPILOGUE
russian_word: эпилог
example: the meaning of the book's title is revealed in the epilogue
antonyms: prologue
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪlɒɡ
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪlɒɡ
definition:
a section or speech at the end of a book or play that serves as a comment on or a conclusion to what has happened.

synonyms:
afterword|postscript|PS|coda|codicil|appendix|tailpiece|supplement|addendum|postlude|rider|back matter|conclusion|concluding speech|denouement|swan song|peroration

origin:
late Middle English: from French épilogue, via Latin from Greek epilogos, from epi ‘in addition’ + logos ‘speech’.


word: EPIMER
russian_word: эпимер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪmə
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪmə
definition:
each of two isomers with different configurations of atoms about one of several asymmetric carbon atoms present.


word: EPIPHANY
russian_word: Богоявление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪf(ə)ni
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪf(ə)ni|ɛˈpɪf(ə)ni
definition:
the manifestation of Christ to the Gentiles as represented by the Magi (Matthew 2:1–12).|a moment of sudden and great revelation or realization.

origin:
Middle English: from Greek epiphainein ‘reveal’. The sense relating to the Christian festival is via Old French epiphanie and ecclesiastical Latin epiphania .


word: EPIPHYSIS
russian_word: эпифиз
definition: the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.|another term for pineal.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪfɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪfɪsɪs|ɛˈpɪfɪsɪs
origin:
mid 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek epiphusis, from epi ‘upon, in addition’ + phusis ‘growth’.


word: EPIPHYTE
russian_word: эпифит
origin: mid 19th century: from epi- ‘in addition’ + Greek phuton ‘plant’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪfʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪfʌɪt
definition:
a plant that grows on another plant, especially one that is not parasitic, such as the numerous ferns, bromeliads, air plants, and orchids growing on tree trunks in tropical rainforests.


word: EPISCOPAL
russian_word: епископский
example: episcopal power
definition: of a bishop or bishops.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈpɪskəp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪskəp(ə)l|ɛˈpɪskəp(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from French épiscopal or ecclesiastical Latin episcopalis, from episcopus ‘bishop’, from Greek episkopos ‘overseer’ (see bishop).


word: EPISCOPATE
russian_word: епархия
definition: the office of a bishop.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪskəpət
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪskəpət|ɛˈpɪskəpət
origin:
mid 17th century: from ecclesiastical Latin episcopatus ‘made a bishop’, from episcopus ‘bishop’, from Greek episkopos ‘overseer’ (see bishop).


word: EPISIOTOMY
russian_word: эпизиотомия
origin: late 19th century: from Greek epision ‘pubic region’ + -tomy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌpiːsɪˈɒtəmi
phonetics_text: ɪˌpiːsɪˈɒtəmi|ɛˌpiːsɪˈɒtəmi
definition:
a surgical cut made at the opening of the vagina during childbirth, to aid a difficult delivery and prevent rupture of tissues.


word: EPISODE
russian_word: эпизод
example: the whole episode has been a major embarrassment|the final episode of the series
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪsəʊd
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪsəʊd
definition:
an event or a group of events occurring as part of a sequence; an incident or period considered in isolation.|each of the separate instalments into which a serialized story or radio or television programme is divided.

synonyms:
incident|event|occurrence|happening|occasion|interlude|chapter|experience|adventure|exploit|matter|affair|business|circumstance|set of circumstances|thing|ordeal|trial

origin:
late 17th century (denoting a section between songs in Greek tragedy): from Greek epeisodion, neuter of epeisodios ‘coming in besides’, from epi ‘in addition’ + eisodos ‘entry’ (from eis ‘into’ + hodos ‘way’).


word: EPISODIC
russian_word: эпизодический
example: an episodic narrative|episodic television is a difficult medium to write for
synonyms: in episodes|in instalments|in sections|in parts
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈsɒdɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈsɒdɪk
definition:
containing or consisting of a series of separate parts or events.|(of a programme or story) broadcast or published as a series of instalments.


word: EPISOME
russian_word: эписома
origin: 1930s (denoting a particle postulated as a constituent of a gene): from epi- + -some3.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪsəʊm
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪsəʊm
definition:
a genetic element inside some bacterial cells, especially the DNA of some bacteriophages, that can replicate independently of the host and also in association with a chromosome with which it becomes integrated.


word: EPISTASIS
russian_word: эпистаз
origin: early 19th century: from Greek, literally ‘stoppage’, from ephistanai ‘to stop’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪstəsɪs
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪstəsɪs
definition:
the interaction of genes that are not alleles, in particular the suppression of the effect of one such gene by another.


word: EPISTAXIS
russian_word: носовое кровотечение
definition: bleeding from the nose.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈstaksɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈstaksɪs
origin:
late 18th century: modern Latin, from Greek, from epistazein ‘bleed from the nose’, from epi ‘upon, in addition’ + stazein ‘to drip’.


word: EPISTEMOLOGICAL
russian_word: гносеологический
example: what epistemological foundation is there for such an artificial discrimination?
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˌpɪstɪməˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˌpɪstɪməˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
definition:
relating to the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope, and the distinction between justified belief and opinion.


word: EPISTEMOLOGY
russian_word: эпистемология
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek epistēmē ‘knowledge’, from epistasthai ‘know, know how to do’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌpɪstɪˈmɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ɪˌpɪstɪˈmɒlədʒi|ɛˌpɪstɪˈmɒlədʒi
definition:
the theory of knowledge, especially with regard to its methods, validity, and scope, and the distinction between justified belief and opinion.


word: EPISTLE
russian_word: послание
example: activists firing off angry epistles
definition: a letter.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪs(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪs(ə)l
synonyms:
letter|missive|communication|written message|written communication|dispatch|report|bulletin|note|line|correspondence|news|information|intelligence|word|encyclical

origin:
Old English, via Latin from Greek epistolē, from epistellein ‘send news’, from epi ‘upon, in addition’ + stellein ‘send’. The word was reintroduced in Middle English from Old French.


word: EPISTROPHE
russian_word: эпистрофа
definition: the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪstrəfi
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪstrəfi|ɛˈpɪstrəfi
origin:
late 16th century: from Greek epistrophē, from epistrephein ‘to turn around’, from epi ‘in addition’ + strephein ‘to turn’.


word: EPISTYLE
russian_word: эпистиль
definition: an architrave.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪstʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪstʌɪl
origin:
mid 16th century (in the Latin form epistylium ): from French épistyle or via Latin, from Greek epistulion, from epi ‘upon’ + stulos ‘pillar’.


word: EPITAPH
russian_word: эпитафия
synonyms: elegy|commemoration|obituary|funeral oration|inscription|engraving|etching|legend
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪtɑːf
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪtɑːf|ˈɛpɪtaf
definition:
a phrase or form of words written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French epitaphe, via Latin from Greek epitaphion ‘funeral oration’, neuter of ephitaphios ‘over or at a tomb’, from epi ‘upon’ + taphos ‘tomb’.


word: EPITAXY
russian_word: эпитаксии
origin: 1930s: from French épitaxie, from Greek epi ‘upon’ + taxis ‘arrangement’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪtaksi
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪtaksi
definition:
the natural or artificial growth of crystals on a crystalline substrate that determines their orientation.


word: EPITHELIAL
russian_word: эпителиальный
example: the epithelial cells lining the gut
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪ(ə)l
definition:
relating to or denoting the thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal and other hollow structures.


word: EPITHELIUM
russian_word: эпителий
origin: mid 18th century: modern Latin, from epi- ‘above’ + Greek thēlē ‘teat’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪəm
definition:
the thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal and other hollow structures.


word: EPITHET
russian_word: эпитет
example: old men are often unfairly awarded the epithet ‘dirty’
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpɪθɛt
phonetics_text: ˈɛpɪθɛt
definition:
an adjective or phrase expressing a quality or attribute regarded as characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.

synonyms:
sobriquet|nickname|byname|title|name|label|tag|description|designation|denomination|characterization|identification|moniker|handle|appellation|cognomen|anonym

origin:
late 16th century: from French épithète, or via Latin from Greek epitheton, neuter of epithetos ‘attributed’, from epitithenai ‘add’, from epi ‘upon’ + tithenai ‘to place’.


word: EPITOME
russian_word: воплощение
example: she looked the epitome of elegance and good taste
antonyms: complete version|full text
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɪtəmi
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪtəmi|ɛˈpɪtəmi
definition:
a person or thing that is a perfect example of a particular quality or type.|a summary of a written work; an abstract.

synonyms:
personification|embodiment|incarnation|paragon|essence|quintessence|archetype|paradigm|typification|type|exemplar|definitive example|prototype|representation|model|soul|example|byword|classic example/case|acme|ultimate|zenith|height|avatar

origin:
early 16th century: via Latin from Greek epitomē, from epitemnein ‘abridge’, from epi ‘in addition’ + temnein ‘to cut’.


word: EPITOMIZE
russian_word: олицетворяют
definition: be a perfect example of.|give a summary of (a written work).
antonyms: expand on|elaborate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈpɪtəmʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɪtəmʌɪz|ɛˈpɪtəmʌɪz
example:
the company epitomized the problems faced by British industry|for the benefit of our readers, we will epitomize the pamphlet

synonyms:
embody|give form/shape to|incorporate|typify|exemplify|represent|be representative of|encapsulate|manifest|symbolize|stand for|illustrate|sum up|personify|reify|incarnate


word: EPIZOOTIC
russian_word: эпизоотия
example: epizootic diseases in domestic livestock
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌɛpɪzəʊˈɒtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛpɪzəʊˈɒtɪk
definition:
denoting or relating to a disease that is temporarily prevalent and widespread in an animal population.

origin:
late 18th century (as an adjective): from French épizootique, from épizootie, from Greek epi ‘upon’ + zōion ‘animal’.


word: EPOCH
russian_word: эпоха
example: the Victorian epoch
definition: a particular period of time in history or a person's life.
synonyms: era|age|period|time|aeon|span|stage|point in history|date
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːpɒk
phonetics_text: ˈiːpɒk|ˈɛpɒk
origin:
early 17th century (in the Latin form epocha ; originally in the general sense of a date from which succeeding years are numbered): from modern Latin epocha, from Greek epokhē ‘stoppage, fixed point of time’, from epekhein ‘stop, take up a position’, from epi ‘upon, near to’ + ekhein ‘stay, be in a certain state’.


word: EPONYM
russian_word: эпоним
definition: a person after whom a discovery, invention, place, etc., is named or thought to be named.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛpənɪm
phonetics_text: ˈɛpənɪm
origin:
mid 19th century: from Greek epōnumos ‘given as a name, giving one's name to someone or something’, from epi ‘upon’ + onoma ‘name’.


word: EPOS
russian_word: эпос
example: EPOS systems
part_of_speech: abbreviation
phonetic: ˈiːpɒz
phonetics_text: ˈiːpɒz|ˈiːpɒs
definition:
electronic point of sale (used in reference to the electronic recording of information on goods sold by a retailer).


word: EPOXIDE
russian_word: эпоксид
origin: 1930s: from epi- ‘in addition’ + oxide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈpɒksʌɪd
phonetics_text: ɪˈpɒksʌɪd
definition:
an organic compound whose molecule contains a three-membered ring involving an oxygen atom and two carbon atoms.


word: EQUABLE
russian_word: ровный
example: he could look sterner than his equable temperament would suggest|an equable climate
definition: not easily disturbed or angered; calm and even-tempered.|not varying or fluctuating greatly.
antonyms: temperamental|excitable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛkwəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛkwəb(ə)l
synonyms:
even-tempered|calm|composed|collected|self-possessed|cool|and collected|relaxed|easy-going|at ease|as cool as a cucumber|nonchalant|insouciant|blithe|mellow|mild|serene|tranquil|placid|steady|stable|quiet|level-headed|imperturbable|unexcitable|unruffled|unperturbed|unflustered|undisturbed|unagitated|untroubled|well balanced|unflappable|unfazed|together|laid-back|nonplussed|equanimous

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘fair, equitable’): from Latin aequabilis, from aequare ‘make equal’ (see equate).


word: EQUAL
russian_word: равный
example: add equal amounts of water and flour|the players proved equal to the task
antonyms: unequal|different|more than|less than
origin: late Middle English: from Latin aequalis, from aequus ‘even, level, equal’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈiːkw(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈiːkw(ə)l
definition:
being the same in quantity, size, degree, or value.|having the ability or resources to meet (a challenge).

synonyms:
identical|uniform|alike|like|the same|one and the same|equivalent|indistinguishable|matching|twin|comparable|similar|corresponding|correspondent|commensurate|amounting|proportionate|tantamount|the same as|commensurate with|on a par with


word: EQUALITY
russian_word: равенство
example: an organization aiming to promote racial equality
antonyms: inequality
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin aequalitas, from aequalis (see equal).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɒlɪti
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɒlɪti|iːˈkwɒlɪti
definition:
the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities.|a symbolic expression of the fact that two quantities are equal; an equation.

synonyms:
fairness|justness|equitability|impartiality|even-handedness|egalitarianism|equal rights|equal opportunities|non-discrimination|justice|freedom|emancipation|coequality


word: EQUALIZE
russian_word: уравнять
synonyms: even up the score|draw|level the score
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈiːkwəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈiːkwəlʌɪz
example:
the purpose is to equalize the workload among tutors|Morgan equalized ten minutes into the second half

definition:
make the same in quantity, size, or degree throughout a place or group.|level the score in a match by scoring a goal.

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘be equal to’): from equal + -ize, partly suggested by French égaliser .


word: EQUALIZER
russian_word: эквалайзер
example: education is the great equalizer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːkwəlʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ˈiːkwəlʌɪzə
definition:
a thing which has an equalizing effect.|a weapon, especially a gun.|a passive network designed to modify a frequency response, especially to compensate for distortion.


word: EQUANIMITY
russian_word: невозмутимость
example: she accepted both the good and the bad with equanimity
definition: calmness and composure, especially in a difficult situation.
antonyms: anxiety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkwəˈnɪmɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɛkwəˈnɪmɪti|ˌiːkwəˈnɪmɪti
synonyms:
composure|calmness|calm|level-headedness|self-possession|self-control|even-temperedness|coolness|cool-headedness|presence of mind|serenity|placidity|tranquillity|phlegm|impassivity|imperturbability|unexcitability|equilibrium|poise|self-assurance|assurance|self-confidence|aplomb|sangfroid|nerve|cool|unflappability|ataraxy

origin:
early 17th century (also in the sense ‘fairness, impartiality’): from Latin aequanimitas, from aequus ‘equal’ + animus ‘mind’.


word: EQUANT
russian_word: Эквант
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin aequant- ‘making equal’, from the verb aequare .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈiːkwənt
phonetics_text: ˈiːkwənt
definition:
(in the Ptolemaic system) an imaginary circle introduced with the purpose of reconciling the planetary movements with the hypothesis of uniform circular motion.


word: EQUATE
russian_word: приравнивать
example: customers equate their name with quality
definition: consider (one thing) to be the same as or equivalent to another.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈkweɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈkweɪt
synonyms:
regard as the same as|regard as identical to|identify|liken to|compare|bracket|class|associate|connect|pair|link|relate|ally|think of together|set side by side

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘make equal, balance’): from Latin aequat- ‘made level or equal’, from the verb aequare, from aequus (see equal). Current senses date from the mid 19th century.


word: EQUATION
russian_word: уравнение
example: the equation of science with objectivity
synonyms: mathematical problem|sum|calculation|question|equality
origin: late Middle English: from Latin aequatio(n- ), from aequare ‘make equal’ (see equate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkweɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈkweɪʒ(ə)n
definition:
a statement that the values of two mathematical expressions are equal (indicated by the sign =).|the process of equating one thing with another.|a symbolic representation of the changes which occur in a chemical reaction, expressed in terms of the formulae of the molecules or other species involved.


word: EQUATOR
russian_word: экватор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkweɪtə
phonetics_text: ɪˈkweɪtə
definition:
a line notionally drawn on the earth equidistant from the poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°.

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin aequator, in the phrase circulus aequator diei et noctis ‘circle equalizing day and night’, from Latin aequare ‘make equal’ (see equate).


word: EQUERRY
russian_word: конюший
example: he became equerry to the Duke of Kent
definition: an officer of the British royal household who attends or assists members of the royal family.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɛri
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɛri|ˈɛkwəri
origin:
early 16th century (formerly also as esquiry ): from Old French esquierie ‘company of squires, prince's stables’, from Old French esquier ‘esquire’, perhaps associated with Latin equus ‘horse’. The historical sense is apparently based on Old French esquier d'esquierie ‘squire of stables’.


word: EQUESTRIAN
russian_word: конный
example: his amazing equestrian skills
definition: relating to horse riding.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɛstrɪən
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɛstrɪən|ɛˈkwɛstrɪən
origin:
mid 17th century (as an adjective): from Latin equester ‘belonging to a horseman’ (from eques ‘horseman, knight’, from equus ‘horse’) + -ian.


word: EQUESTRIANISM
russian_word: Конный спорт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɛstrɪəˌnɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɛstrɪəˌnɪz(ə)m
definition:
the skill or sport of horse riding. As an Olympic sport it is divided into three categories: showjumping, dressage, and three-day eventing (combining showjumping, dressage, and cross-country riding).


word: EQUILATERAL
russian_word: равносторонний
example: an equilateral triangle
definition: having all its sides of the same length.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌiːkwɪˈlat(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌiːkwɪˈlat(ə)r(ə)l|ˌɛkwɪˈlat(ə)r(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from French équilateral or late Latin aequilateralis, from aequilaterus ‘equal-sided’ (based on Latin latus, later- ‘side’).


word: EQUILIBRATE
russian_word: уравновешиваться
example: the epithelial cells were equilibrated after collection
definition: bring into or keep in equilibrium.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌiːkwɪˈlʌɪbreɪt
phonetics_text: ˌiːkwɪˈlʌɪbreɪt|ɪˈkwɪlɪbreɪt|iːˈkwɪlɪlʌɪbreɪt|ɪˈkwɪlɪlʌɪbreɪt
origin:
mid 17th century: from late Latin aequilibrat- ‘made to balance’, from the verb aequilibrare, from aequi- ‘equally’ + libra ‘balance’.


word: EQUILIBRIUM
russian_word: равновесие
example: the task is the maintenance of social equilibrium
definition: a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.
antonyms: imbalance
synonyms: balance|symmetry|equipoise|parity|equality|evenness|stability|steadiness|counterpoise|equipollence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌiːkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm|ˌɛkwɪˈlɪbrɪəm
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘well-balanced state of mind’): from Latin aequilibrium, from aequi- ‘equal’ + libra ‘balance’.


word: EQUINOCTIAL
russian_word: равноденственный
example: equinoctial gales
definition: happening at or near the time of an equinox.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌiːkwɪˈnɒkʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌiːkwɪˈnɒkʃ(ə)l|ˌɛkwɪˈnɒkʃ(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘relating to equal periods of day and night’): via Old French from Latin aequinoctialis, from aequinoctium (see equinox).


word: EQUINOX
russian_word: равноденствие
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkwɪnɒks
phonetics_text: ˈɛkwɪnɒks|ˈiːkwɪnɒks
definition:
the time or date (twice each year) at which the sun crosses the celestial equator, when day and night are of approximately equal length (about 22 September and 20 March).

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French equinoxe or Latin aequinoctium, from aequi- ‘equal’ + nox, noct- ‘night’.


word: EQUIP
russian_word: оборудовать
example: all bedrooms are equipped with a colour TV
definition: supply with the necessary items for a particular purpose.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈkwɪp
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɪp
synonyms:
provide|furnish|supply|issue|fit out|rig out|deck out|stock|provision|arm|array|attire|dress|outfit|accoutre|kit out|fix up

origin:
early 16th century: from French équiper, probably from Old Norse skipa ‘to man (a ship)’, from skip ‘ship’.


word: EQUIPMENT
russian_word: оборудование
example: suppliers of office equipment
definition: the necessary items for a particular purpose.
origin: early 18th century: from French équipement, from équiper ‘equip’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɪpm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɪpm(ə)nt
synonyms:
apparatus|paraphernalia|articles|appliances|impedimenta|tools|utensils|implements|instruments|hardware|gadgets|gadgetry|stuff|things|kit|rig|tackle|outfit|resources|amenities|supplies|furniture|furnishings|fittings|odds and ends|bits and pieces|bits and bobs|trappings|appurtenances|accoutrements|regalia|materiel|baggage|gear|box of tricks|clobber|gubbins|odds and sods|equipage


word: EQUIPOISE
russian_word: равновесие
example: this temporary equipoise of power
definition: balance of forces or interests.
antonyms: imbalance
origin: mid 17th century: from equi- ‘equal’ + the noun poise1, replacing the phrase equal poise .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛkwɪpɔɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛkwɪpɔɪz|ˈiːkwɪpɔɪz
synonyms:
equilibrium|balance|evenness|symmetry|parity|equality|equity|stability|steadiness|poise|counterpoise|equipollence


word: EQUIPOLLENT
russian_word: равный по силе
definition: equal or equivalent in power, effect, or significance.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌiːkwɪˈpɒl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌiːkwɪˈpɒl(ə)nt|ˌɛkwɪˈpɒl(ə)nt
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French equipolent, from Latin aequipollent- ‘of equal value’, from aequi- ‘equally’ + pollere ‘be strong’.


word: EQUITABLE
russian_word: справедливый
example: the equitable distribution of resources|the difference between legal and equitable rights
definition: fair and impartial.|valid in equity as distinct from law.
antonyms: inequitable|unfair
origin: mid 16th century: from French équitable, from équité (see equity).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛkwɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛkwɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
fair|just|impartial|even-handed|fair-minded|unbiased|unprejudiced|non-discriminatory|anti-discrimination|unbigoted|egalitarian|with no axe to grind|without fear or favour|honest|right|rightful|proper|decent|good|honourable|upright|scrupulous|conscientious|above board|reasonable|sensible|disinterested|objective|neutral|uncoloured|dispassionate|non-partisan|balanced|open-minded|fair and square|upfront|on the level|on the up and up


word: EQUITATION
russian_word: верховая езда
definition: the art and practice of horsemanship and horse riding.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkwɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛkwɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
mid 16th century: from French équitation or Latin equitatio(n- ), from equitare ‘ride a horse’, from eques, equit- ‘horseman’ (from equus ‘horse’).


word: EQUITES
russian_word: всадники
origin: Latin, plural of eques ‘horseman’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkwɪteɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛkwɪteɪz
definition:
(in ancient Rome) a class of citizens who originally formed the cavalry of the Roman army and at a later period were a wealthy class of great political importance.


word: EQUITY
russian_word: капитал
antonyms: inequity|imbalance
origin: Middle English: from Old French equité, from Latin aequitas, from aequus ‘equal’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkwɪti
phonetics_text: ˈɛkwɪti
example:
equity of treatment|he owns 62% of the group's equity|people who have built up a significant amount of equity in their homes|an Equity card

definition:
the quality of being fair and impartial.|the value of the shares issued by a company.|the value of a mortgaged property after deduction of charges against it.|(in the UK, US, and several other countries) a trade union to which all professional actors must belong.

synonyms:
fairness|fair-mindedness|justness|justice|equitableness|fair play|impartiality|even-handedness|egalitarianism|honesty|integrity|rightness|rightfulness|rectitude|uprightness|righteousness|properness|decency|goodness|honourableness|scrupulousness|conscientiousness|reasonableness|sensibleness|disinterest|disinterestedness|neutrality|objectivity|balance|open-mindedness


word: EQUIVALENCE
russian_word: эквивалентность
example: knowledge of equivalence of units is required
definition: the condition of being equal or equivalent in value, worth, function, etc.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɪv(ə)l(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɪv(ə)l(ə)ns
synonyms:
equality|equalness|sameness|identicalness|identity|interchangeability|indistinguishability|uniformity|agreement|similarity|likeness|resemblance|comparability|correspondence|commensurateness|parallelism|closeness|nearness|affinity|coequality


word: EQUIVALENT
russian_word: эквивалент
example: one unit is equivalent to one glass of wine
definition: equal in value, amount, function, meaning, etc.
antonyms: different|dissimilar
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈkwɪv(ə)l(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɪv(ə)l(ə)nt
synonyms:
equal|identical|similar|parallel|analogous|comparable|corresponding|correspondent|interchangeable|like|commensurate with|the same as|synonymous with|much the same as|amounting|tantamount|approximate|near|close|of a kind|of a piece|coequal

origin:
late Middle English (describing persons who were equal in power or rank): via Old French from late Latin aequivalent- ‘being of equal worth’, from the verb aequivalere, from aequi- ‘equally’ + valere ‘be worth’.


word: EQUIVOCATE
russian_word: увиливать
example: the government have equivocated too often in the past
definition: use ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈkwɪvəkeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈkwɪvəkeɪt
synonyms:
prevaricate|be evasive|be non-committal|be vague|be ambiguous|evade/dodge the issue|beat about the bush|hedge|hedge one's bets|fudge the issue|fence|parry questions|vacillate|shilly-shally|cavil|waver|quibble|temporize|hesitate|stall (for time)|shuffle about|hum and haw|pussyfoot around|waffle|sit on the fence|duck the issue/question|flannel|palter|tergiversate

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘use a word in more than one sense’): from late Latin aequivocat- ‘called by the same name’, from the verb aequivocare, from aequivocus (see equivocal).


word: EQUIVOCATION
russian_word: уклончивость
example: I say this without equivocation
definition: the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication.
antonyms: directness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
prevarication|vagueness|qualification|ambiguity|uncertainty|ambivalence|indecision|doubt|beating about the bush|evasion|dodging|hedging|fudging|doublespeak|fencing|parrying|vacillation|shilly-shallying|cavilling|wavering|quibbling|quibble|temporizing|hesitation|stalling (for time)|shuffling|humming and hawing|pussyfooting (around)|waffle|waffling|weasel words|flannel|paltering|tergiversation


word: EQUIVOQUE
russian_word: каламбур
definition: an expression capable of having more than one meaning; a pun.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːkwɪvəʊk
phonetics_text: ˈiːkwɪvəʊk|ˈɛkwɪvəʊk
origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective in the sense ‘equivocal’): from Old French equivoque or late Latin aequivocus (see equivocal).


word: ERA
russian_word: эпоха
example: his death marked the end of an era
definition: a long and distinct period of history.
synonyms: epoch|age|period|time|aeon|span|generation|stage|point in history|date|times|days|years
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɪərə
phonetics_text: ˈɪərə
origin:
mid 17th century: from late Latin aera, denoting a number used as a basis of reckoning, an epoch from which time is reckoned, plural of aes, aer- ‘money, counter’.


word: ERADICATE
russian_word: искоренять
example: this disease has been eradicated from the world
definition: destroy completely; put an end to.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈradɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈradɪkeɪt
synonyms:
get rid of|eliminate|do away with|remove|suppress|exterminate|destroy|annihilate|extirpate|obliterate|kill|wipe out|liquidate|decimate|finish off|abolish|stamp out|extinguish|quash|wipe off the face of the earth|wipe off the map|erase|efface|excise|expunge|root out|uproot|weed out|zap|deracinate

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘pull up by the roots’): from Latin eradicat- ‘torn up by the roots’, from the verb eradicare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + radix, radic- ‘root’.


word: ERADICATION
russian_word: искоренение
example: the eradication of poverty
definition: the complete destruction of something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌradɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌradɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
elimination|removal|suppression|extermination|destruction|annihilation|extirpation|obliteration|killing|liquidation|decimation|wiping out|extinction|abolition|extinguishing|quashing|erasure|effacement|excision|expunction|expunging|blotting out|rubbing out|deracination


word: ERASE
russian_word: стирать
example: graffiti had been erased from the wall
definition: rub out or remove (writing or marks).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈreɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈreɪz
synonyms:
delete|rub out|wipe out/off|cross out|strike out|score out|blot out|blank out|scratch out|scrape off|cancel|put a line through|efface|expunge|excise|remove|obliterate|eliminate|remove all traces of|censor|blue-pencil|redact|bowdlerize|dele

origin:
late 16th century (originally as a heraldic term meaning ‘represent the head or limb of an animal with a jagged edge’): from Latin eras- ‘scraped away’, from the verb eradere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + radere ‘scrape’.


word: ERASURE
russian_word: стирание
definition: the removal of writing, recorded material, or data.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈreɪʒə
phonetics_text: ɪˈreɪʒə
synonyms:
deletion|rubbing out|wiping out/off|crossing out|striking out|scoring out|blotting out|blanking out|scratching out|cancelling|cancellation|effacement|expunction|expunging|excision|removal|obliteration|elimination|censorship|censoring|bowdlerization|erasement


word: ERBIUM
russian_word: эрбий
definition: the chemical element of atomic number 68, a soft silvery-white metal of the lanthanide series.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːbɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈəːbɪəm
origin:
mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Ytt erb  y, in Sweden, where it was first found. Compare with ytterbium.


word: ERECT
russian_word: возвести
example: she stood erect with her arms by her sides
definition: rigidly upright or straight.
antonyms: bent|flaccid|flat
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: ɪˈrɛkt
phonetics_text: ɪˈrɛkt
synonyms:
upright|bolt upright|straight|vertical|perpendicular|plumb|standing up|rampant|bristling|standing up (on end)

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin erect- ‘set up’, from the verb erigere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + regere ‘to direct’.


word: ERECTION
russian_word: эрекция
example: fees will be levied for the erection of monuments|men who cannot get an erection
antonyms: demolition
origin: late Middle English: from Latin erectio(n- ), from erigere ‘set up’ (see erect).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of erecting a structure or object.|an enlarged and rigid state of the penis, typically in sexual excitement.

synonyms:
construction|building|putting up|assembly|putting together|fitting together|fabrication|forming|manufacture|production|raising|elevation


word: ERETHISM
russian_word: повышенная возбудимость
origin: early 19th century: from French éréthisme, from Greek erethismos, from erethizein ‘irritate’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛrɪθɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈɛrɪθɪz(ə)m
definition:
excessive sensitivity or rapid reaction to stimulation of a part of the body, especially the sexual organs.|a state of abnormal mental excitement or irritation.


word: ERG
russian_word: эрг
origin: late 19th century: from Greek ergon ‘work’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: əːɡ
phonetics_text: əːɡ
definition:
a unit of work or energy, equal to the work done by a force of one dyne when its point of application moves one centimetre in the direction of action of the force.


word: ERGATIVE
russian_word: эргатив
origin: 1950s: from Greek ergatēs ‘worker’ (from ergon ‘work’) + -ive.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈəːɡətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈəːɡətɪv
definition:
relating to or denoting a case of nouns (in some languages, e.g. Basque and Inuktitut) that identifies the doer of an action as the object rather than the subject of a verb.


word: ERGO
russian_word: следовательно
example: she was the sole beneficiary of the will, ergo the prime suspect
definition: therefore.
origin: Latin.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈəːɡəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈəːɡəʊ
synonyms:
therefore|consequently|so|as a result|as a consequence|hence|thus|accordingly|for that reason|this/that being so|this/that being the case|on this/that account|whence|wherefore|thence


word: ERGODIC
russian_word: эргодическая
origin: early 20th century: from German ergoden, from Greek ergon ‘work’ + hodos ‘way’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: əːˈɡɒdɪk
phonetics_text: əːˈɡɒdɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting systems or processes with the property that, given sufficient time, they include or impinge on all points in a given space and can be represented statistically by a reasonably large selection of points.


word: ERGOSTEROL
russian_word: эргостерол
origin: early 20th century: from ergot, on the pattern of cholesterol .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: əːˈɡɒstərɒl
phonetics_text: əːˈɡɒstərɒl
definition:
a compound present in ergot and many other fungi. A steroid alcohol, it is converted to vitamin D2 when irradiated with ultraviolet light.


word: ERGOT
russian_word: спорынья
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːɡɒt
phonetics_text: ˈəːɡɒt
definition:
a fungal disease of rye and other cereals in which black elongated fruiting bodies grow in the ears of the cereal. Eating contaminated food can result in ergotism.|a small horny protuberance on the back of each of a horse's fetlocks.

origin:
late 17th century: from French, from Old French argot ‘cock's spur’ (because of the appearance produced by the disease).


word: ERGOTAMINE
russian_word: эрготамин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: əːˈɡɒtəmiːn
phonetics_text: əːˈɡɒtəmiːn
definition:
a compound present in some kinds of ergot. An alkaloid, it causes constriction of blood vessels and is used in the treatment of migraine.


word: ERGOTISM
russian_word: отравление спорыньей
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːɡətɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈəːɡətɪz(ə)m
definition:
poisoning produced by eating food affected by ergot, typically resulting in headache, vomiting, diarrhoea, and gangrene of the fingers and toes.


word: ERMINE
russian_word: горностай
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːmɪn
phonetics_text: ˈəːmɪn
definition:
a stoat, especially when in its white winter coat.|a stout-bodied moth that has cream or white wings with black spots.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French hermine, probably from medieval Latin (mus) Armenius ‘Armenian (mouse)’.


word: ERMINES
russian_word: горностаи
definition: fur resembling ermine but with white spots on a black ground.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈəːmɪnz
phonetics_text: ˈəːmɪnz
origin:
mid 16th century: perhaps from Old French hermines, plural of herminet, diminutive of hermine ‘ermine’.


word: ERODE
russian_word: разрушать
example: the cliffs on this coast have been eroded by the sea
definition: (of wind, water, or other natural agents) gradually wear away (soil, rock, or land).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈrəʊd
phonetics_text: ɪˈrəʊd
origin:
early 17th century: from French éroder or Latin erodere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out, away’ + rodere ‘gnaw’.


word: EROTIC
russian_word: эротический
example: her book of erotic fantasies
definition: relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement.
origin: mid 17th century: from French érotique, from Greek erōtikos, from erōs, erōt- ‘sexual love’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈrɒtɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈrɒtɪk
synonyms:
sexually arousing|sexually exciting|sexually stimulating|titillating|salacious|prurient|lubricious|suggestive|pornographic|sexually explicit|lewd|smutty|hardcore|soft-core|dirty|off colour|indecent|improper|filthy|vulgar|crude|libidinous|lustful|lascivious|lecherous|licentious|sexual|sexy|sensual|carnal|venereal|amatory|seductive|alluring|tantalizing|desirable|aphrodisiac|racy|risqué|ribald|naughty|bawdy|earthy|spicy|Rabelaisian|erogenous|erotogenic|blue|X-rated|triple-X|XXX|steamy|raunchy|randy|horny|adult|concupiscent|venereous|anacreontic


word: EROTOMANIA
russian_word: эротомания
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌrɒtə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə
phonetics_text: ɪˌrɒtə(ʊ)ˈmeɪnɪə
definition:
excessive sexual desire.|a delusion in which a person (typically a woman) believes that another person (typically of higher social status) is in love with them.


word: ERR
russian_word: ошибаться
example: the judge had erred in ruling that the evidence was inadmissible
definition: be mistaken or incorrect; make a mistake.
antonyms: be right
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: əː
phonetics_text: əː
synonyms:
make a mistake|be wrong|be in error|be mistaken|mistake|make a blunder|blunder|be incorrect|be inaccurate|misjudge|miscalculate|get things/something/it wrong|bark up the wrong tree|get the wrong end of the stick|be wide of the mark|slip up|screw up|blow it|foul up|goof|fluff something|make a hash of something|put one's foot in it|make a boo-boo|drop a brick|boob|make a bloomer|bugger something up

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘wander, go astray’): from Old French errer, from Latin errare ‘to stray’.


word: ERRAND
russian_word: поручение
example: she asked Tim to run an errand for her
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛr(ə)nd
phonetics_text: ˈɛr(ə)nd
definition:
a short journey undertaken in order to deliver or collect something, especially on someone else's behalf.

synonyms:
task|job|chore|assignment|collection|delivery|shopping|trip|run|journey|mission|expedition|operation|undertaking|commission|business|message

origin:
Old English ǣrende  ‘message, mission’, of Germanic origin; related to Old High German ārunti, and obscurely to Swedish ärende and Danish ærinde .


word: ERRANT
russian_word: странствующий
example: an errant husband coming back from a night on the tiles|that same lady errant
definition: erring or straying from the accepted course or standards.|travelling in search of adventure.
antonyms: innocent|well behaved
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛr(ə)nt
synonyms:
offending|guilty|culpable|misbehaving|delinquent|lawless|lawbreaking|criminal|transgressing|aberrant|deviant|erring|sinning|mischievous|badly behaved|troublesome|difficult|unmanageable|unruly|disobedient|uncontrollable|out of control

origin:
Middle English (in errant (sense 2)): errant (sense 1) from Latin errant- ‘erring’, from the verb errare ; errant (sense 2) from Old French errant ‘travelling’, present participle of errer, from late Latin iterare ‘go on a journey’, from iter ‘journey’. Compare with arrant.


word: ERRATIC
russian_word: неустойчивый
example: her breathing was erratic
definition: not even or regular in pattern or movement; unpredictable.
antonyms: predictable|consistent
origin: late Middle English: from Old French erratique, from Latin erraticus, from errare ‘to stray, err’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈratɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˈratɪk
synonyms:
unpredictable|inconsistent|changeable|variable|inconstant|uncertain|irregular|unstable|turbulent|unsteady|unsettled|unreliable|undependable|changing|ever-changing|volatile|varying|shifting|fluctuating|fluid|mutable|protean|fitful|wavering|full of ups and downs|peaky|mercurial|capricious|whimsical|fickle|flighty|giddy|impulsive|wayward|temperamental|highly strung|excitable|moody|blowing hot and cold|labile|fluctuant|changeful


word: ERRING
russian_word: заблудший
example: the strictest possible action should be taken against the erring officials
definition: having failed to adhere to the proper or accepted standards; having done wrong.
antonyms: innocent|well behaved
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈəːrɪŋ
synonyms:
offending|guilty|culpable|misbehaving|delinquent|lawless|lawbreaking|criminal|transgressing|aberrant|deviant|errant|sinning


word: ERRONEOUS
russian_word: ошибочный
example: employers sometimes make erroneous assumptions
definition: wrong; incorrect.
antonyms: right|correct
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈrəʊnɪəs
phonetics_text: ɪˈrəʊnɪəs|ɛˈrəʊnɪəs
synonyms:
wrong|incorrect|mistaken|in error|inaccurate|not accurate|inexact|not exact|imprecise|invalid|untrue|false|fallacious|wide of the mark|off target|misleading|illogical|unsound|specious|unfounded|without foundation|faulty|flawed|spurious|off beam|bogus|phoney|out|way out|full of holes|dicey|iffy|dodgy|abroad

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin erroneus (from erro(n- ) ‘vagabond’, from errare ‘to stray, err’) + -ous.


word: ERROR
russian_word: ошибка
example: spelling errors
definition: a mistake.
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin error, from errare ‘to stray, err’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛrə
phonetics_text: ˈɛrə
synonyms:
mistake|fallacy|misconception|delusion|inaccuracy|miscalculation|misreckoning|blunder|fault|flaw|oversight|misprint|literal|erratum|misinterpretation|misreading|slip-up|boo-boo|howler|boner|fail|boob|bloomer


word: ERSATZ
russian_word: эрзац
example: ersatz coffee
definition: (of a product) made or used as a substitute, typically an inferior one, for something else.
antonyms: genuine
origin: late 19th century: from German, literally ‘replacement’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈəːsats
phonetics_text: ˈəːsats|ˈɛːsats
synonyms:
artificial|substitute|imitation|synthetic|fake|false|faux|mock|simulated|pseudo|sham|bogus|spurious|counterfeit|forged|pretended|so-called|plastic|manufactured|man-made|unnatural|fabricated|replica|reproduction|facsimile|inferior|low-quality|poor-quality|low-grade|shoddy|substandard|unsatisfactory|adulterated|phoney|farkakte


word: ERUBESCENT
russian_word: красноватый
definition: reddening; blushing.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛrʊˈbɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˌɛrʊˈbɛs(ə)nt
origin:
mid 18th century: from Latin erubescent- ‘blushing’, from the verb erubescere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + rubescere ‘redden’ (from rubere ‘be red’).


word: ERUCTATION
russian_word: отрыжка
example: I heard what sounded like a half-stoppered eructation
definition: a belch.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːrʌkˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌiːrʌkˈteɪʃ(ə)n|ˌɪrʌkˈteɪʃ(ə)n|ɛrʌkˈteɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin eructatio(n- ), from the verb eructare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + ructare ‘belch’.


word: ERUDITE
russian_word: эрудированный
example: Ken could turn any conversation into an erudite discussion
definition: having or showing great knowledge or learning.
antonyms: ignorant|ill-educated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛrʊdʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛrʊdʌɪt
synonyms:
learned|scholarly|well educated|knowledgeable|well read|widely read|well versed|well informed|lettered|cultured|cultivated|civilized|intellectual|intelligent|clever|academic|literary|bookish|highbrow|studious|sage|wise|sagacious|discerning|donnish|cerebral|enlightened|illuminated|sophisticated|pedantic|esoteric|obscure|recondite|brainy|genius|sapient

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin eruditus, past participle of erudire ‘instruct, train’ (based on rudis ‘rude, untrained’).


word: ERUDITION
russian_word: эрудиция
example: he was known for his wit, erudition, and teaching skills
definition: the quality of having or showing great knowledge or learning; scholarship.
antonyms: ignorance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛrʊˈdɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛrʊˈdɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
learning|scholarship|knowledge|education|culture|intellect|academic attainment|attainments|acquirements|enlightenment|illumination|edification|book learning|insight|information|understanding|sageness|wisdom|sophistication|training|letters


word: ERUPT
russian_word: извергаться
antonyms: lie dormant
synonyms: emit lava|belch lava|become active|flare up|eject/vent material|explode
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈrʌpt
phonetics_text: ɪˈrʌpt
example:
Mount Pinatubo began erupting in June|fierce fighting erupted between the army and guerrillas|the soldiers erupted in fits of laughter|a boil had erupted on her temple|the lower incisors had erupted

definition:
(of a volcano) become active and eject lava, ash, and gases.|break out suddenly and dramatically.|give vent to anger, amusement, etc. in a sudden and noisy way.|(of a spot, rash, or other mark) suddenly appear on the skin.|(of a tooth) break through the gums during normal development.

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin erupt- ‘broken out’, from the verb erumpere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + rumpere ‘burst out, break’.


word: ERUPTION
russian_word: извержение
example: the eruption of Vesuvius|irritable skin eruptions
definition: an act or instance of erupting.|a spot, rash, or other mark appearing suddenly on the skin.
synonyms: discharge|venting|ejection|emission|explosion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈrʌpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈrʌpʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin eruptio(n- ), from the verb erumpere (see erupt).


word: ERYSIPELAS
russian_word: рожа
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛrɪˈsɪpɪləs
phonetics_text: ˌɛrɪˈsɪpɪləs
definition:
an acute, sometimes recurrent disease caused by a bacterial infection, characterized by large raised red patches on the skin.

origin:
late Middle English: via Latin from Greek erusipelas ; perhaps related to eruthros ‘red’ and pella ‘skin’.


word: ERYSIPELOID
russian_word: эризипелоид
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛrɪˈsɪpəlɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˌɛrɪˈsɪpəlɔɪd
definition:
dermatitis of the hands due to bacterial infection, occurring mainly among handlers of meat and fish products.


word: ERYTHEMA
russian_word: эритема
origin: late 18th century: from Greek eruthēma, from eruthainein ‘be red’, from eruthros ‘red’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛrɪˈθiːmə
phonetics_text: ˌɛrɪˈθiːmə
definition:
superficial reddening of the skin, usually in patches, as a result of injury or irritation causing dilatation of the blood capillaries.


word: ERYTHRITOL
russian_word: эритритол
origin: late 19th century: from erythrite (earlier name for erythritol ) + -ol.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈrɪθrɪtɒl
phonetics_text: ɪˈrɪθrɪtɒl
definition:
a sweet substance extracted from certain lichens and algae. It is used medicinally as a vasodilator.


word: ERYTHROCYTE
russian_word: эритроцит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈrɪθrə(ʊ)sʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈrɪθrə(ʊ)sʌɪt
definition:
a red blood cell, which (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc without a nucleus. Erythrocytes contain the pigment haemoglobin, which imparts the red colour to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.


word: ERYTHROMYCIN
russian_word: эритромицин
origin: 1950s: from elements of the modern Latin taxonomic name Streptomyces erythreus + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌrɪθrə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪsɪn
phonetics_text: ɪˌrɪθrə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪsɪn
definition:
an antibiotic used in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It is similar in its effects to penicillin.


word: ERYTHROPOIETIN
russian_word: эритропоэтин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌrɪθrə(ʊ)pɔɪˈɛtɪn
phonetics_text: ɪˌrɪθrə(ʊ)pɔɪˈɛtɪn
definition:
a hormone secreted by the kidneys that increases the rate of production of red blood cells in response to falling levels of oxygen in the tissues.


word: ESCALADE
russian_word: эскалада
definition: the scaling of fortified walls using ladders, as a form of military attack.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛskəˈleɪd
phonetics_text: ˌɛskəˈleɪd
origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from Spanish escalada, escalado, from medieval Latin scalare ‘to scale, climb’, from Latin scala ‘ladder’.


word: ESCALATE
russian_word: обостряться
example: the price of tickets escalated
definition: increase rapidly.
antonyms: plunge
origin: 1920s (in the sense ‘travel on an escalator’): back-formation from escalator.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛskəleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛskəleɪt
synonyms:
increase rapidly|soar|rocket|shoot up|mount|surge|spiral|grow rapidly|rise rapidly|climb|go up|be jacked up|go through the ceiling|go through the roof|skyrocket|balloon


word: ESCALATION
russian_word: эскалация
example: cost escalations
definition: a rapid increase; a rise.
antonyms: plunge|relaxation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛskəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛskəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
rapid increase|rise|hike|advance|growth|leap|upsurge|upturn|upswing|climb|jump|spiralling|intensification|aggravation|exacerbation|compounding|increase|enlargement|magnification|mushrooming|amplification|augmentation|expansion|stepping-up|build-up|buildout|heightening|widening|worsening|deterioration


word: ESCALATOR
russian_word: эскалатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛskəleɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈɛskəleɪtə
definition:
a moving staircase consisting of an endlessly circulating belt of steps driven by a motor, which conveys people between the floors of a public building.

origin:
early 20th century (originally US, as a trade name): from escalade ‘climb a wall by ladder’ (from escalade), on the pattern of elevator .


word: ESCALLOP
russian_word: гребешок
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪˈskaləp
phonetics_text: ɪˈskaləp|ɛˈskaləp|ɪˈskɒləp|ɛˈskɒləp
definition:
variant spelling of escalope.|another term for scallop (sense 2 of the noun).|a scallop shell as a charge.

origin:
late 15th century (in escallop (sense 2 of the noun)): from Old French escalope ‘shell’. Compare with escalope and scallop.


word: ESCALOPE
russian_word: эскалоп
origin: French; compare with escallop and scallop.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈskaləp
phonetics_text: ɪˈskaləp|ˈɛskələʊp
definition:
a thin slice of meat without any bone, typically a special cut of veal from the leg that is coated, fried, and served in a sauce.


word: ESCAPADE
russian_word: авантюра
example: he told of their escapade with a ‘borrowed’ truck
definition: an act or incident involving excitement, daring, or adventure.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛskəpeɪd
phonetics_text: ˈɛskəpeɪd|ˌɛskəˈpeɪd
synonyms:
exploit|stunt|caper|skylarking|mischief|romp|antic(s)|fling|spree|prank|jape|game|trick|adventure|venture|mission|deed|feat|trial|experience|incident|occurrence|event|happening|episode|affair|lark|scrape|fooling around|shenanigans|frolic

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘an escape’): from French, from Provençal or Spanish, from escapar ‘to escape’, based on medieval Latin ex- ‘out of’ + cappa ‘cloak’. Compare with escape.


word: ESCAPE
russian_word: побег
example: two burglars have just escaped from prison|the name escaped him
antonyms: be captured|be imprisoned
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪˈskeɪp
phonetics_text: ɪˈskeɪp|ɛˈskeɪp
definition:
break free from confinement or control.|fail to be noticed or remembered by (someone).|interrupt (an operation) by means of the escape key.

synonyms:
get away|get out|run away|run off|break out|break free|get free|break loose|make a break for it|bolt|clear out|flee|fly|take flight|make off|take off|decamp|abscond|take to one's heels|make a/one's escape|make good one's escape|make a/one's getaway|beat a (hasty) retreat|show a clean pair of heels|run for it|make a run for it|disappear|vanish|slip away|steal away|sneak away|get out of someone's clutches|bust|do a bunk|do a moonlight flit|cut and run|skedaddle|skip|head for the hills|fly the coop|take French leave|vamoose|hightail it|do a runner|hook it|scarper|leg it|take a powder|go on the lam

origin:
Middle English: from Old French eschaper, based on medieval Latin ex- ‘out’ + cappa ‘cloak’. Compare with escapade.


word: ESCAPEE
russian_word: беглец
definition: a person who has escaped from somewhere, especially prison.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛskeɪˈpiː
phonetics_text: ˌɛskeɪˈpiː|ɪˈskeɪpiː
synonyms:
runaway|escaper|jailbreaker|fugitive|absconder|truant|deserter|defector|refugee|displaced person|DP|asylum seeker|runagate


word: ESCAPEMENT
russian_word: спуск
example: a lever escapement
origin: late 18th century: from French échappement, from échapper ‘to escape’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈskeɪpm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈskeɪpm(ə)nt|ɛˈskeɪpm(ə)nt
definition:
a mechanism in a clock or watch that alternately checks and releases the train by a fixed amount and transmits a periodic impulse from the spring or weight to the balance wheel or pendulum.|a mechanism in a typewriter that shifts the carriage a small fixed amount to the left after a key is pressed and released.|the part of the mechanism in a piano that enables the hammer to fall back as soon as it has struck the string.


word: ESCAPISM
russian_word: эскапизм
example: virtual reality offers a form of escapism
antonyms: realism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈskeɪpɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪˈskeɪpɪz(ə)m|ɛˈskeɪpɪz(ə)m
definition:
the tendency to seek distraction and relief from unpleasant realities, especially by seeking entertainment or engaging in fantasy.

synonyms:
fantasy|fantasizing|dreaming|daydreaming|daydreams|reverie|romance|illusion(s)|fancy|imagination|flight(s) of fancy|pipe dreams|castles in the air|castles in Spain|wishful thinking|wool-gathering|pie in the sky


word: ESCAPIST
russian_word: эскапистский
example: the perfect escapist's paradise, almost as remote as a desert island
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪˈskeɪpɪst
phonetics_text: ɪˈskeɪpɪst
definition:
a person who seeks distraction and relief from unpleasant realities, especially in the form of entertainment or fantasy.


word: ESCARPMENT
russian_word: откос
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈskɑːpm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈskɑːpm(ə)nt|ɛˈskɑːpm(ə)nt
definition:
a long, steep slope, especially one at the edge of a plateau or separating areas of land at different heights.

origin:
early 19th century: from French escarpement, escarpe ‘scarp’, from Italian scarpa ‘slope’. Compare with scarp.


word: ESCHAR
russian_word: струпа
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛskɑː
phonetics_text: ˈɛskɑː
definition:
a dry, dark scab or falling away of dead skin, typically caused by a burn, an insect bite, or infection with anthrax.

origin:
late Middle English: from French eschare or late Latin eschara ‘scar or scab’, from Greek (see also scar).


word: ESCHATOLOGY
russian_word: эсхатология
example: Christian hope is concerned with eschatology, or the science of last things
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek eskhatos ‘last’ + -logy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛskəˈtɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌɛskəˈtɒlədʒi
definition:
the part of theology concerned with death, judgement, and the final destiny of the soul and of humankind.


word: ESCHEAT
russian_word: выморочное имущество
example: the Crown's right of escheat was lost
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪsˈtʃiːt
phonetics_text: ɪsˈtʃiːt|ɛsˈtʃiːt
definition:
the reversion of property to the state, or (in feudal law) to a lord, on the owner's dying without legal heirs.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French eschete, based on Latin excidere ‘fall away’, from ex- ‘out of, from’ + cadere ‘to fall’.


word: ESCHEW
russian_word: сторониться
example: he appealed to the crowd to eschew violence
definition: deliberately avoid using; abstain from.
antonyms: indulge in
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪsˈtʃuː
phonetics_text: ɪsˈtʃuː|ɛsˈtʃuː
synonyms:
abstain from|refrain from|give up|forgo|forswear|shun|renounce|swear off|abjure|steer clear of|have nothing to do with|give a wide berth to|fight shy of|relinquish|reject|dispense with|disavow|abandon|deny|gainsay|disclaim|repudiate|renege on|spurn|abnegate|abdicate|wash one's hands of|drop|kick|jack in|pack in|disaffirm|forsake

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French eschiver, ultimately of Germanic origin and related to German scheuen ‘shun’, also to shy1.


word: ESCOLAR
russian_word: Эсколар
definition: a large, elongated predatory fish occurring in tropical and temperate oceans throughout the world.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛskəˈlɑː
phonetics_text: ˌɛskəˈlɑː
origin:
mid 19th century: from Spanish, literally ‘scholar’, so named because the ringed markings around the eyes resemble spectacles.


word: ESCORT
russian_word: эскорт
example: a police escort
definition: a person, vehicle, or group accompanying another for protection or as a mark of rank.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
guard|bodyguard|protector|safeguard|defender|custodian|attendant|guide|chaperone|retainer|aide|assistant|personal assistant|right-hand man|right-hand woman|lady in waiting|duenna|equerry|squire|entourage|retinue|suite|train|cortège|attendant company|caravan|protection|defence|convoy|minder

phonetic:
late 16th century (originally denoting a body of armed men escorting travellers): from French escorte (noun), escorter (verb), from Italian scorta, feminine past participle of scorgere ‘to conduct, guide’, based on Latin ex- ‘out of’ + corrigere ‘set right’ (see correct).


word: ESCROW
russian_word: эскроу
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛskrəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɛskrəʊ
definition:
a bond, deed, or other document kept in the custody of a third party and taking effect only when a specified condition has been fulfilled.

origin:
late 16th century: from Old French escroe ‘scrap, scroll’, from medieval Latin scroda, of Germanic origin; related to shred.


word: ESCUDO
russian_word: эскудо
origin: Spanish and Portuguese, from Latin scutum ‘shield’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈsk(j)uːdəʊ
phonetics_text: ɛˈsk(j)uːdəʊ|ɛˈʃk(j)uːdəʊ
definition:
the basic monetary unit of Portugal and the Cape Verde Islands, equal to 100 centavos (replaced in Portugal by the euro in 2002).


word: ESCUTCHEON
russian_word: щит герба
origin: late 15th century: from Anglo-Norman French escuchon, based on Latin scutum ‘shield’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈskʌtʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈskʌtʃ(ə)n|ɛˈskʌtʃ(ə)n
definition:
a shield or emblem bearing a coat of arms.|a flat piece of metal for protection and often ornamentation, around a keyhole, door handle, or light switch.


word: ESKIMO
russian_word: эскимосский
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɛskɪməʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɛskɪməʊ
definition:
a member of an indigenous people inhabiting northern Canada, Alaska, Greenland, and eastern Siberia, and traditionally living by hunting seals and other Arctic animals and birds and by fishing.|either of the two main languages spoken by indigenous peoples of the Arctic (Inuit and Yupik), comprising a major division of the Eskimo-Aleut family.

origin:
via French Esquimaux, possibly from Spanish esquimao, esquimal, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’, probably applied first to the Micmac and later to the Eskimo (see husky2).


word: ESOTERIC
russian_word: тайный
example: esoteric philosophical debates
antonyms: simple|familiar
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛsəˈtɛrɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛsəˈtɛrɪk|ˌiːsəˈtɛrɪk
definition:
intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest.

synonyms:
abstruse|obscure|arcane|recherché|rarefied|recondite|abstract|difficult|hard|puzzling|perplexing|enigmatic|inscrutable|cryptic|Delphic|complex|complicated|involved|over/above one's head|incomprehensible|opaque|unfathomable|impenetrable|mysterious|occult|little known|hidden|secret|private|mystic|magical|cabbalistic|involuted

origin:
mid 17th century: from Greek esōterikos, from esōterō, comparative of esō ‘within’, from es, eis ‘into’. Compare with exoteric.


word: ESPALIER
russian_word: шпалеры
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪˈspaljə
phonetics_text: ɪˈspaljə|ɛˈspaljə
definition:
a fruit tree or ornamental shrub whose branches are trained to grow flat against a wall, supported on a lattice.

origin:
mid 17th century: from French, from Italian spalliera, from spalla ‘shoulder’, from Latin spatula (see spatula), in late Latin ‘shoulder blade’.


word: ESPARTO
russian_word: эспарто
origin: mid 19th century: from Spanish, via Latin from Greek sparton ‘rope’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈspɑːtəʊ
phonetics_text: ɛˈspɑːtəʊ|ɛˈspɑːtəʊ
definition:
a coarse grass with tough narrow leaves, native to Spain and North Africa. It is used to make ropes, wickerwork, and good-quality paper.


word: ESPECIAL
russian_word: особенный
example: these traditions are of especial interest to feminists|her outburst was for my especial benefit
definition: better or greater than usual; special.|for or belonging chiefly to one person or thing.
antonyms: standard
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin specialis ‘special’, from species (see species).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)l|ɛˈspɛʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
exceptional|particular|special|extra special|extraordinary|outstanding|superior|unusual|marked|singular|signal|out of the ordinary|uncommon|rare|unwonted|notable|noteworthy|surprising|remarkable|striking|unique


word: ESPECIALLY
russian_word: особенно
example: he despised them all, especially Sylvester|he didn't especially like dancing
definition: used to single out one person or thing over all others.|to a great extent; very much.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)li
phonetics_text: ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)li|ɛˈspɛʃ(ə)li
synonyms:
mainly|mostly|chiefly|principally|for the most part|in the main|on the whole|largely|by and large|to a large extent|to a great degree|predominantly|above all|first and foremost|basically|substantially|overall|in general|particularly|in particular|primarily|generally|usually|typically|commonly|as a rule|spesh|expressly|specially|specifically|exclusively|just|uniquely|precisely|explicitly|purposefully|on purpose|with someone/something in mind


word: ESPIONAGE
russian_word: шпионаж
example: the camouflage and secrecy of espionage
origin: late 18th century: from French espionnage, from espionner ‘to spy’, from espion ‘a spy’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛspɪənɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ˈɛspɪənɑːʒ
definition:
the practice of spying or of using spies, typically by governments to obtain political and military information.

synonyms:
spying|undercover work|cloak-and-dagger activities|surveillance|reconnaissance|intelligence|eavesdropping|infiltration|cyberespionage|counter-espionage|counter-intelligence|ninjutsu|bugging|wiretapping|recon


word: ESPLANADE
russian_word: эспланада
definition: a long, open, level area, typically beside the sea, along which people may walk for pleasure.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛspləˈneɪd
phonetics_text: ˌɛspləˈneɪd|ˌɛspləˈnɑːd
origin:
late 16th century (denoting an area of flat ground on top of a rampart): from French, from Italian spianata, from Latin explanatus ‘flattened, levelled’, from explanare (see explain).


word: ESPOUSAL
russian_word: свадьба
example: his espousal of Western ideas
definition: an act of adopting or supporting a cause, belief, or way of life.|a marriage or engagement.
antonyms: rejection|opposition
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈspaʊz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈspaʊz(ə)l|ɛˈspaʊz(ə)l
synonyms:
adoption|embracing|taking up|taking to|taking to one's heart|acceptance|welcome|support|backing|championship|help|assistance|aid|siding with|favouring|preferring|abetting|aiding and abetting|encouragement|defence|sponsorship|vouching for|promotion|furtherance|endorsement|advocacy|sanctioning|approval

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French espousaille, from Latin sponsalia ‘betrothal’, neuter plural of sponsalis (adjective), from sponsare ‘espouse, betroth’ (see espouse).


word: ESPOUSE
russian_word: поддерживать
example: she espoused the causes of justice and freedom for all|Edward had espoused the lady Grey
definition: adopt or support (a cause, belief, or way of life).|marry.
antonyms: reject|oppose
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈspaʊz
phonetics_text: ɪˈspaʊz|ɛˈspaʊz
synonyms:
adopt|embrace|take up|take to|take to one's heart|accept|welcome|support|back|champion|give help to|help|assist|aid|be on the side of|side with|be in favour of|favour|prefer|abet|aid and abet|encourage|vote for|ally oneself with|stand behind|fall in with|stand up for|defend|take someone's part|take up the cudgels for|sponsor|vouch for|promote|further|endorse|advocate|sanction|approve of|give one's blessing to|smile on|stick up for|throw one's weight behind

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘take as a spouse’): from Old French espouser, from Latin sponsare, from sponsus ‘betrothed’, past participle of spondere .


word: ESPY
russian_word: неожиданно обнаружить
example: she espied her daughter rounding the corner
definition: catch sight of.
antonyms: lose sight of
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈspʌɪ
phonetics_text: ɪˈspʌɪ|ɛˈspʌɪ
synonyms:
catch sight of|glimpse|catch/get a glimpse of|see|spot|spy|notice|observe|make out|discern|perceive|pick out|sight|detect|have sight of|clap/lay/set eyes on|behold|descry

origin:
Middle English: from Old French espier, ultimately of Germanic origin and related to Dutch spieden and German spähan . Compare with spy.


word: ESQUIRE
russian_word: оруженосец
example: J. C. Pearson Esquire
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈskwʌɪə
phonetics_text: ɪˈskwʌɪə|ɛˈskwʌɪə
definition:
a polite title appended to a man's name when no other title is used, typically in the address of a letter or other documents.|a young nobleman who, in training for knighthood, acted as an attendant to a knight.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French esquier, from Latin scutarius ‘shield-bearer’, from scutum ‘shield’; compare with squire. esquire (sense 2 of the noun) was the original denotation, esquire (sense 1 of the noun) being at first a courtesy title given to such a person.


word: ESSAY
russian_word: эссе
example: a misjudged essay in job preservation
definition: a short piece of writing on a particular subject.|an attempt or effort.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
article|piece of writing|composition|study|paper|dissertation|assignment|thesis|discourse|treatise|text|tract|disquisition|monograph|leader|commentary|critique|criticism|exposition|appraisal|assessment|discussion|theme|piece

phonetic:
late 15th century (as a verb in the sense ‘test the quality of’): alteration of assay, by association with Old French essayer, based on late Latin exagium ‘weighing’, from the base of exigere ‘ascertain, weigh’; the noun (late 16th century) is from Old French essai ‘trial’.


word: ESSENCE
russian_word: сущность
example: conflict is the essence of drama|vanilla essence
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin essentia, from esse ‘be’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛs(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɛs(ə)ns
definition:
the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something, especially something abstract, which determines its character.|an extract or concentrate obtained from a plant or other matter and used for flavouring or scent.

synonyms:
quintessence|soul|spirit|ethos|nature|life|lifeblood|core|heart|centre|crux|nub|nucleus|kernel|marrow|meat|pith|gist|substance|principle|central part|fundamental quality|basic quality|essential part|intrinsic nature|sum and substance|reality|actuality|quiddity|esse|nitty-gritty


word: ESSENTIAL
russian_word: существенный
example: it is essential to keep up-to-date records|essential hypertension
antonyms: inessential|unimportant|optional
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)l
definition:
absolutely necessary; extremely important.|(of a disease) with no known external stimulus or cause; idiopathic.

synonyms:
crucial|necessary|key|vital|indispensable|needed|required|called for|requisite|important|all-important|vitally important|of the utmost importance|of great consequence|of the essence|critical|life-and-death|imperative|mandatory|compulsory|obligatory|compelling|urgent|pressing|burning|acute|paramount|pre-eminent|high-priority|significant|consequential

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘in the highest degree’): from late Latin essentialis, from Latin essentia (see essence).


word: ESSENTIALISM
russian_word: эссенциализм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)lɪz(ə)m
definition:
a belief that things have a set of characteristics which make them what they are, and that the task of science and philosophy is their discovery and expression; the doctrine that essence is prior to existence.


word: ESSENTIAL OIL
russian_word: эфирное масло
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a natural oil typically obtained by distillation and having the characteristic odour of the plant or other source from which it is extracted.


word: EST
russian_word: Предполагаемое
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛst
phonetics_text: ɛst
definition:
a system for self-improvement aimed at developing a person's potential through intensive group awareness and training sessions.

origin:
1970s (originally US): acronym from Erhard Seminars Training, from the name of Werner Erhard (born 1935), the American businessman who devised the technique.


word: ESTABLISH
russian_word: установить
antonyms: disband|demolish
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈstablɪʃ
phonetics_text: ɪˈstablɪʃ|ɛˈstablɪʃ
example:
the scheme was established in 1975|the principle of the supremacy of national parliaments needs to be firmly established|the police established that the two passports were forgeries|the right plan would be to establish dummy's diamonds

definition:
set up on a firm or permanent basis.|achieve permanent acceptance or recognition for.|show (something) to be true or certain by determining the facts.|ensure that one's remaining cards in (a suit) will be winners (if not trumped) by playing off the high cards in that suit.

synonyms:
set up|start|begin|get going|put in place|initiate|institute|form|found|create|bring into being|inaugurate|organize|lay the foundations of|build|construct|install|plant

origin:
late Middle English (recorded earlier as stablish ): from Old French establiss-, lengthened stem of establir, from Latin stabilire ‘make firm’, from stabilis (adjective) ‘stable’.


word: ESTABLISHED
russian_word: учрежденный
example: the ceremony was an established event in the annual calendar|America had no established Church
antonyms: unfamiliar|unknown
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈstablɪʃt
phonetics_text: ɪˈstablɪʃt
definition:
having existed or done something for a long time and therefore recognized and generally accepted.|(of a Church or religion) recognized by the state as the national Church or religion.

synonyms:
accepted|traditional|orthodox|habitual|confirmed|entrenched|set|fixed|official|settled|dyed-in-the-wool|inveterate|usual|customary|common|normal|general|prevailing|accustomed|familiar|wonted|popular|expected|routine|regular|typical|conventional|mainstream|standard|stock|well known|recognized|acclaimed|esteemed|acknowledged|respected|respectable|famous|prominent|noted|renowned


word: ESTABLISHMENT
russian_word: создание
antonyms: disbandment|demolition
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈstablɪʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈstablɪʃm(ə)nt|ɛˈstablɪʃm(ə)nt
example:
the establishment of an independent government|hotels or catering establishments|he scandalized the Establishment of his day

definition:
the action of establishing something or being established.|a business organization, public institution, or household.|a group in a society exercising power and influence over matters of policy, opinion, or taste, and seen as resisting change.|the ecclesiastical system organized by law.

synonyms:
setting up|start|getting going|initiation|institution|formation|founding|foundation|inception|creation|inauguration|organization|building|construction|installation


word: ESTAMINET
russian_word: кабачок
definition: a small cafe selling alcoholic drinks.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈstamɪneɪ
phonetics_text: ɛˈstamɪneɪ|French ɛstamine
origin:
French, from Walloon staminé ‘byre’, from stamo ‘a pole for tethering a cow’, probably from German Stamm ‘stem’.


word: ESTATE
russian_word: имущество
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈsteɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈsteɪt|ɛˈsteɪt
example:
in his will, he divided his estate between his wife and daughter|the unions are no longer an estate of the realm|programmes for the improvement of man's estate

definition:
an extensive area of land in the country, usually with a large house, owned by one person, family, or organization.|all the money and property owned by a particular person, especially at death.|a class or order regarded as forming part of the body politic, in particular (in Britain), one of the three groups constituting Parliament, now the Lords spiritual (the heads of the Church), the Lords temporal (the peerage), and the Commons. They are also known as the three estates.|a particular state, period, or condition in life.|short for estate car.

synonyms:
property|grounds|garden(s)|park|parkland|land(s)|piece of land|tract|landholding|manor|domain|territory|demesne

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘state or condition’): from Old French estat, from Latin status ‘state, condition’, from stare ‘to stand’.


word: ESTEEM
russian_word: уважение
example: he was held in high esteem by colleagues
definition: respect and admiration.
antonyms: disrespect
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪˈstiːm
phonetics_text: ɪˈstiːm|ɛˈstiːm
synonyms:
respect|admiration|(high) regard|(high/good) opinion|estimation|acclaim|approbation|approval|appreciation|favour|popularity|recognition|veneration|awe|reverence|deference|honour|praise|adulation|extolment|homage|laudation

origin:
Middle English (as a noun in the sense ‘worth, reputation’): from Old French estime (noun), estimer (verb), from Latin aestimare ‘to estimate’. The verb was originally in the Latin sense, also ‘appraise’ (compare with estimate), used figuratively to mean ‘assess the merit of’. Current senses date from the 16th century.


word: ESTER
russian_word: эфир
origin: mid 19th century: from German, probably from a blend of Essig ‘vinegar’ and Äther ‘ether’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛstə
phonetics_text: ˈɛstə
definition:
an organic compound made by replacing the hydrogen of an acid by an alkyl or other organic group. Many naturally occurring fats and essential oils are esters of fatty acids.


word: ESTIMABLE
russian_word: достойный уважения
example: she was shown into that estimable woman's presence
definition: worthy of great respect.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛstɪməb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛstɪməb(ə)l
origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘able to be estimated or appraised’; earlier in inestimable ): via Old French from Latin aestimabilis, from aestimare ‘to estimate’.


word: ESTIMATE
russian_word: оценка
example: the aim is to estimate the effects of macroeconomic policy on the economy
definition: roughly calculate or judge the value, number, quantity, or extent of.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
roughly calculate|approximate|make an estimate of|guess|evaluate|judge|gauge|reckon|rate|appraise|form an opinion of|form an impression of|get the measure of|determine|weigh up|size up|guesstimate|consider|believe|deem|hold|adjudge|surmise|take|suppose|regard as being|view as being|see as being|class as being|think of as being|look on as being|be of the opinion|conjecture|opine

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin aestimat- ‘determined, appraised’, from the verb aestimare . The noun originally meant ‘intellectual ability, comprehension’ (only in late Middle English), later ‘valuing, a valuation’ (compare with estimation). The verb originally meant ‘to think well or badly of someone or something’ (late 15th century), later ‘regard as being, consider to be’ (compare with esteem).


word: ESTIMATION
russian_word: оценка
example: estimations of protein concentrations|the pop star rose in my estimation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛstɪˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛstɪˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a rough calculation of the value, number, quantity, or extent of something.|a judgement of the worth or character of someone or something.

synonyms:
estimate|rough calculation|approximation|educated/informed guess|rough guess|evaluation|assessment|appraisal|guesstimate

origin:
late Middle English (originally in the sense ‘comprehension, intuition’, also ‘valuing, a valuation’): from Latin aestimatio(n- ), from aestimare ‘determine, appraise’ (see estimate).


word: ESTIMATOR
russian_word: оценщик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛstɪmeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈɛstɪmeɪtə
definition:
a rule, method, or criterion for arriving at an estimate of the value of a parameter.|a person who estimates the price, value, number, quantity, or extent of something.


word: ESTOP
russian_word: отводить
example: the company may be estopped from denying either statement
definition: bar or preclude by estoppel.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈstɒp
phonetics_text: ɪˈstɒp
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘stop up, dam, plug’): from Old French estopper ‘stop up, impede’, from late Latin stuppare, from Latin stuppa ‘tow, oakum’. Compare with stop and stuff.


word: ESTOPPEL
russian_word: лишение права возражения
example: the case had been one of estoppel
origin: mid 16th century: from Old French estouppail ‘bung’, from estopper (see estop).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈstɒp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈstɒp(ə)l
definition:
the principle which precludes a person from asserting something contrary to what is implied by a previous action or statement of that person or by a previous pertinent judicial determination.


word: ESTOVERS
russian_word: алименты
example: they exercised their rights of common and estovers of dead and dry wood in the forest
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈstəʊvəz
phonetics_text: ɪˈstəʊvəz|ɛˈstəʊvəz
definition:
the right to take wood from land one does not own, especially land of which one is the tenant or lessee.

origin:
late 15th century: plural of Anglo-Norman French estover, noun use of a verb meaning ‘be necessary’, based on Latin est opus ‘it is necessary’.


word: ESTRANGE
russian_word: отдалять
example: he became estranged from his father
definition: cause (someone) to be no longer on friendly terms with someone.
antonyms: attract|unite
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈstreɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: ɪˈstreɪn(d)ʒ|ɛˈstreɪn(d)ʒ
synonyms:
alienate|antagonize|disaffect|make hostile/unfriendly|destroy the affections of|turn away|drive away|distance|put at a distance|sever connections between|set against|set at variance|set at odds with|make hostile to|drive a wedge between|cause antagonism between|sow dissension between

origin:
late 15th century: from Old French estranger, from Latin extraneare ‘treat as a stranger’, from extraneus ‘not belonging to the family’, used as a noun to mean ‘stranger’. Compare with strange.


word: ESTRANGEMENT
russian_word: отчуждение
example: the artist's paintings from this period reflect his growing estrangement from his family
definition: the fact of no longer being on friendly terms or part of a social group.
antonyms: unity|reconciliation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈstreɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪˈstreɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt|ɛˈstreɪn(d)ʒm(ə)nt
synonyms:
alienation|turning away|antagonism|antipathy|disaffection|hostility|unfriendliness|embitteredness|isolation|variance|difference|parting|separation|division|divorce|disunity|distance|break-up|split|breach|severance|schism


word: ESTREAT
russian_word: штрафовать
example: the Court may order the recognizance to be estreated
definition: enforce the forfeit of (a surety for bail or other recognizance).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɪˈstriːt
phonetics_text: ɪˈstriːt|ɛˈstriːt
origin:
Middle English: from Old French estraite, feminine past participle of estraire, from Latin extrahere ‘draw out’ (see extract).


word: ESTUARY
russian_word: устье реки
definition: the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛstjʊ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈɛstjʊ(ə)ri
synonyms:
(river) mouth|firth|delta|embouchure|debouchure|debouchment|discharge|disemboguement|inver|water mouth

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a tidal inlet of any size): from Latin aestuarium ‘tidal part of a shore’, from aestus ‘tide’.


word: ETALON
russian_word: эталон
origin: early 20th century: from French étalon, literally ‘standard of measurement’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛtəlɒn
phonetics_text: ˈɛtəlɒn
definition:
a device consisting of two reflecting glass plates, employed for measuring small differences in the wavelength of light using the interference it produces.


word: ETCH
russian_word: травление
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɛtʃ
phonetics_text: ɛtʃ
example:
aquatint is a process of achieving tone by etching a metal plate|caustic soda etches glass|her initials were etched on the table flap

definition:
engrave (metal, glass, or stone) by coating it with a protective layer, drawing on it with a needle, and then covering it with acid to attack the parts the needle has exposed, especially in order to produce prints from it.|(of an acid or other solvent) corrode or eat away the surface of (something).|cut or carve (a text or design) on a surface.

synonyms:
engrave|carve|inscribe|cut (in)|incise|chisel|chase|score|notch|imprint|impress|deboss|stamp|print|mark

origin:
mid 17th century: from Dutch etsen, from German ätzen, from a base meaning ‘cause to eat’; related to eat.


word: ETERNAL
russian_word: вечный
antonyms: transient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈtəːn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈtəːn(ə)l|iːˈtəːn(ə)l
example:
the secret of eternal youth|to his eternal credit, he maintained his dignity throughout|a man entirely under the sway of the Eternal and not of the material

definition:
lasting or existing forever; without end.|used to emphasize expressions of admiration, gratitude, etc.|used to refer to an everlasting or universal spirit, as represented by God.

synonyms:
everlasting|never-ending|endless|without end|perpetual|undying|immortal|deathless|indestructible|imperishable|immutable|abiding|permanent|enduring|infinite|boundless|timeless|sempiternal|perdurable

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin aeternalis, from Latin aeternus, from aevum ‘age’.


word: ETERNALLY
russian_word: вечно
example: his eternally optimistic attitude|I shall be eternally grateful
antonyms: temporarily|never
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈtəːn(ə)li
phonetics_text: ɪˈtəːn(ə)li|iːˈtəːn(ə)li
definition:
in a way that continues or lasts forever; permanently.|used to emphasize expressions of admiration, gratitude, etc.

synonyms:
forever|permanently|for always|for good|for good and all|perpetually|(for) evermore|for ever and ever|for all (future) time|until/to the end of time|world without end|endlessly|timelessly|for eternity|in perpetuity|everlastingly|enduringly|aye|forevermore|for keeps|until hell freezes over|until doomsday|until the cows come home|for aye|immortally|deathlessly|imperishably|abidingly|sempiternally|perdurably|constantly|continually|continuously|always|all the time|the entire time|persistently|repeatedly|regularly|round-the-clock|without a break|night and day|day and night|morning|noon|and night|non-stop|incessantly|unceasingly|ceaselessly|perennially|interminably|unremittingly|relentlessly|unrelentingly|24/7


word: ETERNITY
russian_word: вечность
example: their love was sealed for eternity
definition: infinite or unending time.
synonyms: ever|all time|perpetuity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈtəːnɪti
phonetics_text: ɪˈtəːnɪti|iːˈtəːnɪti
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French eternite, from Latin aeternitas, from aeternus ‘without beginning or end’ (see eternal).


word: ETESIAN
russian_word: периодический
example: the strong, dry north Etesian winds blow on the Aegean Sea
origin: early 17th century: from Latin etesius ‘annual’ (from Greek etēsios, from etos ‘year’) + -an.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈtiːzɪən
phonetics_text: ɪˈtiːzɪən|ɪˈtiːʒ(ə)n
definition:
denoting a dry north-westerly wind (the meltemi) that blows during the summer in the eastern Mediterranean.


word: ETH
russian_word: эт
origin: from Danish edh, perhaps representing the sound of the letter.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛð
phonetics_text: ɛð
definition:
an Old English letter, ð or Ð, representing the dental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/ . It was superseded by the digraph th, but is now used as a phonetic symbol for the voiced dental fricative /ð/.


word: ETHAMBUTOL
russian_word: этамбутол
origin: 1960s: from eth(yl) + am(ine) + but(an)ol .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈθambjʊtɒl
phonetics_text: ɛˈθambjʊtɒl
definition:
a synthetic compound with bacteriostatic properties, used in combination with other drugs in the treatment of tuberculosis.


word: ETHANE
russian_word: этан
origin: late 19th century: from ether + -ane2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːθeɪn
phonetics_text: ˈiːθeɪn|ˈɛθeɪn
definition:
a colourless, odourless, flammable gas which is a constituent of petroleum and natural gas. It is the second member of the alkane series.


word: ETHANOL
russian_word: этанол
example: yeast used in making beer metabolizes the sugar into ethanol
origin: early 20th century: blend of ethane and alcohol.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛθənɒl
phonetics_text: ˈɛθənɒl
definition:
a colourless volatile flammable liquid which is produced by the natural fermentation of sugars; alcohol.


word: ETHER
russian_word: эфир
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːθə
phonetics_text: ˈiːθə
example:
nasty gases and smoke disperse into the ether|the motion of the planets would be retarded by the ether through which they moved

definition:
a pleasant-smelling colourless volatile liquid that is highly flammable. It is used as an anaesthetic and as a solvent or intermediate in industrial processes.|the clear sky; the upper regions of air beyond the clouds.|a very rarefied and highly elastic substance formerly believed to permeate all space, including the interstices between the particles of matter, and to be the medium whose vibrations constituted light and other electromagnetic radiation.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or via Latin from Greek aithēr ‘upper air’, from the base of aithein ‘burn, shine’. Originally the word denoted a substance believed to occupy space beyond the sphere of the moon. ether (sense 3) arose in the mid 17th century and ether (sense 1) in the mid 18th century.


word: ETHEREAL
russian_word: эфирный
example: her ethereal beauty|sodium is dissolved in ethereal solutions of aromatic ketones
antonyms: tangible|substantial
origin: early 16th century: via Latin from Greek aitherios (from aithēr ‘ether’) + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈθɪərɪəl
phonetics_text: ɪˈθɪərɪəl
definition:
extremely delicate and light in a way that seems not to be of this world.|(of a solution) having diethyl ether as a solvent.

synonyms:
delicate|exquisite|dainty|elegant|graceful|beautiful|lovely|fragile|airy|gossamer|gossamery|light|fine|diaphanous|thin|tenuous|subtle|insubstantial|shadowy


word: ETHIC
russian_word: этика
example: the puritan ethic was being replaced by the hedonist ethic
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈɛθɪk
phonetics_text: ˈɛθɪk
definition:
a set of moral principles, especially ones relating to or affirming a specified group, field, or form of conduct.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting ethics or moral philosophy; also used attributively): from Old French éthique, from Latin ethice, from Greek (hē) ēthikē (tekhnē) ‘(the science of) morals’, based on ēthos (see ethos).


word: ETHICAL
russian_word: этический
synonyms: moral|social|behavioural
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛθɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛθɪk(ə)l
example:
ethical issues in nursing|all types of drugs, including ethical drugs and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals

definition:
relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with these.|(of a medicine) legally available only on a doctor's prescription and usually not advertised to the general public.


word: ETHICS
russian_word: этика
example: medical ethics also enter into the question|neither metaphysics nor ethics is the home of religion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛθɪks
phonetics_text: ˈɛθɪks
definition:
moral principles that govern a person's behaviour or the conducting of an activity.|the branch of knowledge that deals with moral principles.

synonyms:
moral code|morals|morality|moral stand|moral principles|moral values|rights and wrongs|principles|ideals|creed|credo|ethos|rules of conduct|standards (of behaviour)|virtues|dictates of conscience


word: ETHMOID
russian_word: решетчатый
example: ossification in the ethmoid region
origin: mid 18th century: from Greek ēthmoeidēs, from ēthmos ‘a sieve’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛθmɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈɛθmɔɪd
definition:
a square bone at the root of the nose, forming part of the cranium, and having many perforations through which the olfactory nerves pass to the nose.


word: ETHNIC
russian_word: этнический
example: ethnic and cultural rights and traditions
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈɛθnɪk
phonetics_text: ˈɛθnɪk
definition:
relating to a population subgroup (within a larger or dominant national or cultural group) with a common national or cultural tradition.|neither Christian nor Jewish; pagan or heathen.

synonyms:
racial|race-related|ethnological|genetic|inherited|cultural|national|tribal|ancestral|traditional|folk|autochthonous

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a person not of the Christian or Jewish faith): via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek ethnikos ‘heathen’, from ethnos ‘nation’. Current senses date from the 19th century.


word: ETHNOBOTANY
russian_word: этноботанику
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛθnəʊˈbɒt(ə)ni
phonetics_text: ˌɛθnəʊˈbɒt(ə)ni
definition:
the scientific study of the traditional knowledge and customs of a people concerning plants and their medical, religious, and other uses.


word: ETHNOCENTRIC
russian_word: этноцентрической
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌɛθnə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪk
phonetics_text: ˌɛθnə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪk
definition:
evaluating other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.


word: ETHNOCENTRISM
russian_word: расизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛθnə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˌɛθnə(ʊ)ˈsɛntrɪz(ə)m
definition:
evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.


word: ETHNOGRAPHIC
russian_word: этнографический
example: ethnographic research in European border communities
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛθnəˈɡrafɪk
phonetics_text: ɛθnəˈɡrafɪk
definition:
relating to the scientific description of peoples and cultures with their customs, habits, and mutual differences.


word: ETHNOGRAPHY
russian_word: этнография
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛθˈnɒɡrəfi
phonetics_text: ɛθˈnɒɡrəfi
definition:
the scientific description of peoples and cultures with their customs, habits, and mutual differences.


word: ETHNOHISTORY
russian_word: Этноистория
example: experts on Minoan ethnohistory
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛθnəʊˈhɪst(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˌɛθnəʊˈhɪst(ə)ri
definition:
the branch of anthropology concerned with the history of peoples and cultures, especially non-Western ones.


word: ETHNOLOGY
russian_word: этнология
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛθˈnɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ɛθˈnɒlədʒi
definition:
the study of the characteristics of different peoples and the differences and relationships between them.


word: ETHOS
russian_word: этос
example: a challenge to the ethos of the 1960s
origin: mid 19th century: from modern Latin, from Greek ēthos ‘nature, disposition’, (plural) ‘customs’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːθɒs
phonetics_text: ˈiːθɒs
definition:
the characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its attitudes and aspirations.

synonyms:
spirit|character|atmosphere|climate|prevailing tendency|mood|feeling|temper|tenor|flavour|essence|quintessence|animating principle|dominating characteristic|motivating force|disposition|rationale|code|morality|moral code|attitudes|beliefs|principles|standards|ethics


word: ETHYL
russian_word: этил
example: ethyl acetate
origin: mid 19th century: from German, from Äther ‘ether’ + -yl.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛθʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈɛθʌɪl|ˈɛθɪl|ˈiːθʌɪl|ˈiːθɪl
definition:
of or denoting the hydrocarbon radical —C2H5, derived from ethane and present in many organic compounds.


word: ETHYLENE
russian_word: этилен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛθɪliːn
phonetics_text: ˈɛθɪliːn
definition:
a flammable hydrocarbon gas of the alkene series, occurring in natural gas, coal gas, and crude oil and given off by ripening fruit. It is used in chemical synthesis, especially in the manufacture of polythene.


word: ETIC
russian_word: этический
example: is there a valid cross-cultural etic definition of violence?
origin: 1950s: abstracted from phonetic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛtɪk
phonetics_text: ˈɛtɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting an approach to the study or description of a particular language or culture that is general, non-structural, and objective in its perspective.


word: ETIQUETTE
russian_word: этикет
example: the rules of etiquette are changing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛtɪkɛt
phonetics_text: ˈɛtɪkɛt|ɛtɪˈkɛt
definition:
the customary code of polite behaviour in society or among members of a particular profession or group.

synonyms:
protocol|polite behaviour|good manners|manners|acceptable behaviour|accepted behaviour|proper behaviour|code of behaviour|rules of conduct/behaviour|decorum|form|good form|courtesy|politeness|civility|propriety|formalities|niceties|punctilios|custom|customary behaviour|convention|conformity|conventionality|politesse|the thing to do|couth

origin:
mid 18th century: from French étiquette ‘list of ceremonial observances of a court’, also ‘label, etiquette’, from Old French estiquette (see ticket).


word: ETUI
russian_word: футлярчик
example: exquisite etui cases fitted with scissors, bodkin, and thimble
definition: a small ornamental case for holding needles, cosmetics, and other articles.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛˈtwiː
phonetics_text: ɛˈtwiː
origin:
early 17th century: from French étui, from Old French estui ‘prison’, from estuier ‘shut up, keep’. Compare with tweezers.


word: ETYMOLOGY
russian_word: этимология
example: the decline of etymology as a linguistic discipline
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi
definition:
the study of the origin of words and the way in which their meanings have changed throughout history.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French ethimologie, via Latin from Greek etumologia, from etumologos ‘student of etymology’, from etumon, neuter singular of etumos ‘true’.


word: ETYMON
russian_word: этимон
example: they both derive from the same etymon
definition: a word or morpheme from which a later word is derived.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛtɪmɒn
phonetics_text: ˈɛtɪmɒn
origin:
late 16th century (denoting the original form of a word): via Latin from Greek etumon ‘true thing’ (see etymology).


word: EUCALYPTUS
russian_word: эвкалипт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs
phonetics_text: ˌjuːkəˈlɪptəs
definition:
a fast-growing evergreen Australasian tree that has been widely introduced elsewhere. It is valued for its timber, oil, gum, resin, and as an ornamental tree.

origin:
modern Latin, from Greek eu ‘well’ + kaluptos ‘covered’ (from kaluptein ‘to cover’), because the unopened flower is protected by a cap.


word: EUCHARIST
russian_word: причастие
example: we went to an early morning Eucharist
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːk(ə)rɪst
phonetics_text: ˈjuːk(ə)rɪst
definition:
the Christian service, ceremony, or sacrament commemorating the Last Supper, in which bread and wine are consecrated and consumed.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French eucariste, based on ecclesiastical Greek eukharistia ‘thanksgiving’, from Greek eukharistos ‘grateful’, from eu ‘well’ + kharizesthai ‘offer graciously’ (from kharis ‘grace’).


word: EUCHRE
russian_word: перехитрить
origin: early 19th century: from German dialect Jucker(spiel ).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈjuːkə
phonetics_text: ˈjuːkə
definition:
a North American card game for two to four players, played with the thirty-two highest cards, the aim being to win at least three of the five tricks played.


word: EUCHROMATIN
russian_word: эухроматин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈkrəʊmətɪn
phonetics_text: juːˈkrəʊmətɪn
definition:
chromosome material which does not stain strongly except during cell division. It represents the major genes and is involved in transcription.


word: EUCLIDEAN
russian_word: евклидов
example: Euclidean geometry
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: juːˈklɪdɪən
phonetics_text: juːˈklɪdɪən
definition:
relating to or denoting the system of geometry based on the work of Euclid and corresponding to the geometry of ordinary experience.


word: EUDIOMETER
russian_word: эвдиометр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjuːdɪˈɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌjuːdɪˈɒmɪtə
definition:
a graduated glass tube in which mixtures of gases can be made to react by an electric spark, used to measure changes in volume during chemical reactions.

origin:
late 18th century (denoting an instrument used to measure amounts of oxygen, thought to be greater in fine weather): from Greek eudios ‘clear, fine’ (weather), from eu ‘well’ + dios ‘heavenly’.


word: EUGENICS
russian_word: евгеника
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈdʒɛnɪks
phonetics_text: juːˈdʒɛnɪks
definition:
the study of how to arrange reproduction within a human population to increase the occurrence of heritable characteristics regarded as desirable. Developed largely by Sir Francis Galton as a method of improving the human race, eugenics was increasingly discredited as unscientific and racially biased during the 20th century, especially after the adoption of its doctrines by the Nazis in order to justify their treatment of Jews, disabled people, and other minority groups.


word: EUGENOL
russian_word: эвгенол
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːdʒɪnɒl
phonetics_text: ˈjuːdʒɪnɒl
definition:
a colourless or pale yellow liquid compound present in oil of cloves and other essential oils and used in perfumery.

origin:
late 19th century: from eugenia (genus name of the tree from which oil of cloves is obtained, named in honour of Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663–1736)) + -ol.


word: EUGLENA
russian_word: эвглена
origin: modern Latin, from eu- ‘well’ + Greek glēnē ‘eyeball, socket of joint’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈɡliːnə
phonetics_text: juːˈɡliːnə
definition:
a green single-celled freshwater organism with a flagellum, sometimes forming a green scum on stagnant water.


word: EUKARYOTE
russian_word: эукариот
origin: 1960s: from eu- ‘easily (formed)’ + karyo- ‘kernel’ + -ote as in zygote .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈkarɪəʊt
phonetics_text: juːˈkarɪəʊt
definition:
an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaea.


word: EULOGIZE
russian_word: восхвалять
example: he was eulogized as a rock star
definition: praise highly in speech or writing.
antonyms: criticize
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈjuːlədʒʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈjuːlədʒʌɪz
synonyms:
praise enthusiastically|go into raptures about/over|wax lyrical about|sing the praises of|praise to the skies|heap praise on|rhapsodize about/over|rave about/over|enthuse about/over|gush about/over|throw bouquets at|express delight over|acclaim|extol|go wild about|be mad about|go on about|big someone/something up|ballyhoo|cry someone/something up|laud|panegyrize


word: EULOGY
russian_word: панегирик
example: a eulogy to the Queen Mother
antonyms: attack
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˈjuːlədʒi
definition:
a speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly, especially a tribute to someone who has just died.

synonyms:
accolade|speech of praise|panegyric|paean|encomium|tribute|testimonial|compliment|commendation|praise|acclaim|acclamation|raving|homage|plaudits|bouquets|extolment|laudation|eulogium

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘high praise’): from medieval Latin eulogium, eulogia (from Greek eulogia ‘praise’), apparently influenced by Latin elogium ‘inscription on a tomb’ (from Greek elegia ‘elegy’). The current sense dates from the late 16th century.


word: EUNUCH
russian_word: евнух
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːnək
phonetics_text: ˈjuːnək
definition:
a man who has been castrated, especially (in the past) one employed to guard the women's living areas at an oriental court.

origin:
Old English, via Latin eunuchus from Greek eunoukhos, literally ‘bedroom guard’, from eunē ‘bed’ + a second element related to ekhein ‘to hold’.


word: EUONYMUS
russian_word: бересклет
definition: a shrub or small tree that is widely cultivated for its autumn colours and bright fruit.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈɒnɪməs
phonetics_text: juːˈɒnɪməs
origin:
modern Latin (named by Linnaeus), from Latin euonymos, from Greek euōnumos ‘having an auspicious or honoured name’, from eus ‘good’ + onoma ‘name’.


word: EUPEPTIC
russian_word: удобоваримый
definition: relating to or having good digestion or a consequent air of healthy good spirits.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: juːˈpɛptɪk
phonetics_text: juːˈpɛptɪk
origin:
late 17th century (in the sense ‘helping digestion’): from Greek eupeptos, from eu ‘well, easily’ + peptein ‘to digest’.


word: EUPHAUSIID
russian_word: эвфаузиид
definition: a shrimplike planktonic marine crustacean of an order which includes krill.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈfɔːzɪɪd
phonetics_text: juːˈfɔːzɪɪd
origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin Euphausia (genus name from Greek eu ‘well’ + phainein ‘to show’ + ousia ‘substance’) + -id2.


word: EUPHEMISM
russian_word: эвфемизм
example: the jargon has given us ‘downsizing’ as a euphemism for cuts
antonyms: dysphemism|calling a spade a spade
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːfəmɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈjuːfəmɪz(ə)m
definition:
a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.

synonyms:
polite term|substitute|mild alternative|indirect term|understatement|underplaying|softening|politeness|genteelism|coy term

origin:
late 16th century: from Greek euphēmismos, from euphēmizein ‘use auspicious words’, from eu ‘well’ + phēmē ‘speaking’.


word: EUPHEMISTIC
russian_word: эвфемистический
example: the euphemistic terms she uses to describe her relationships
definition: using or of the nature of a euphemism.
antonyms: dysphemistic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: juːfɪˈmɪstɪk
phonetics_text: juːfɪˈmɪstɪk
synonyms:
polite|substitute|mild|understated|softened|indirect|neutral|evasive|diplomatic|coded|newspeak|vague|inoffensive|genteel


word: EUPHONIOUS
russian_word: благозвучный
example: a stream of fine, euphonious phrases
definition: (of sound, especially speech) pleasing to the ear.
antonyms: cacophonous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: juːˈfəʊnɪəs
phonetics_text: juːˈfəʊnɪəs
synonyms:
pleasant-sounding|sweet-sounding|mellow|mellifluous|dulcet|sweet|honeyed|lyrical|silvery|silver-toned|golden|bell-like|rhythmical|lilting|pleasant|agreeable|soothing|harmonious|melodious|melodic|tuneful|musical|symphonious|easy on the ear|mellifluent|canorous


word: EUPHONY
russian_word: благозвучие
example: the poet put euphony before mere factuality
definition: the quality of being pleasing to the ear.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːf(ə)ni
phonetics_text: ˈjuːf(ə)ni
origin:
late Middle English: from French euphonie, via late Latin from Greek euphōnia, from euphōnos ‘well sounding’ (based on phōnē ‘sound’).


word: EUPHORBIA
russian_word: молочай
definition: a plant of a genus that comprises the spurges.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈfɔːbɪə
phonetics_text: juːˈfɔːbɪə
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin euphorbea, named after Euphorbus, Greek physician to the reputed discoverer of the plant, Juba II of Mauretania (1st century BC).


word: EUPHORIA
russian_word: эйфория
example: in his euphoria, he had become convinced he could defeat them
definition: a feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness.
antonyms: misery|depression
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˈfɔːrɪə
phonetics_text: juːˈfɔːrɪə
synonyms:
elation|happiness|joy|joyousness|delight|glee|excitement|exhilaration|animation|jubilation|exultation|ecstasy|bliss|rapture|rhapsody|rhapsodies|intoxication|transport(s)|cloud nine|heaven|paradise|seventh heaven|the top of the world

origin:
late 17th century (denoting well-being produced in a sick person by the use of drugs): modern Latin, from Greek, from euphoros ‘borne well, healthy’, from eu ‘well’ + pherein ‘to bear’.


word: EUPHORIC
russian_word: эйфории
example: a euphoric sense of freedom
definition: characterized by or feeling intense excitement and happiness.
antonyms: miserable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: juːˈfɒrɪk
phonetics_text: juːˈfɒrɪk
synonyms:
elated|happy|joyful|joyous|delighted|gleeful|excited|exhilarated|animated|jubilant|exultant|ecstatic|blissful|enraptured|rapturous|rhapsodic|in rhapsodies|intoxicated|transported|on cloud nine|in heaven|in paradise|in seventh heaven|on top of the world|over the moon|on a high


word: EUPHUISM
russian_word: эвфуизм
definition: an artificial, highly elaborate way of writing or speaking.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːfjʊɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈjuːfjʊɪz(ə)m
origin:
late 16th century: from Euphues, the name of a character in John Lyly's prose romance of the same name (1578–80), from Greek euphuēs ‘well endowed by nature’, from eu ‘well’ + the base of phuē ‘growth’.


word: EUREKA
russian_word: эврика
example: The answer hit me. ‘Eureka!’ I cried
definition: a cry of joy or satisfaction when one finds or discovers something.
part_of_speech: exclamation|noun
phonetic: ˌjʊ(ə)ˈriːkə
phonetics_text: ˌjʊ(ə)ˈriːkə
origin:
early 17th century: from Greek heurēka ‘I have found it’ (from heuriskein ‘find’), said to have been uttered by Archimedes when he hit upon a method of determining the purity of gold. The noun dates from the early 20th century.


word: EURHYTHMICS
russian_word: ритмическая гимнастика
origin: early 20th century: from eurhythmy + -ics.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊ(ə)ˈrɪðmɪks
phonetics_text: jʊ(ə)ˈrɪðmɪks
definition:
a system of rhythmical physical movements to music used to teach musical understanding (especially in Steiner schools) or for therapeutic purposes, evolved by Émile Jaques-Dalcroze.


word: EURHYTHMY
russian_word: слаженность
definition: another term for eurhythmics.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊˈrɪðmi
phonetics_text: jʊˈrɪðmi
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘harmonious proportion’): via Latin from Greek euruthmia, from eu- ‘well’ + rhuthmos ‘proportion, rhythm’. The modern sense is after German Eurhythmie in Rudolf Steiner and Ita Wegman's Fundamentals of Therapy (1925).


word: EURO
russian_word: евро
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərəʊ
definition:
the single European currency, which replaced the national currencies of France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Luxembourg, Austria, Finland, the Republic of Ireland, Belgium, and the Netherlands in 2002. Nineteen member states of the European Union now use the euro.


word: EUROBOND
russian_word: еврооблигация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərəʊbɒnd
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərəʊbɒnd
definition:
an international bond issued in Europe or elsewhere outside the country in whose currency its value is stated (usually the US or Japan).


word: EUROCURRENCY
russian_word: евровалюта
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərə(ʊ)ˌkʌr(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərə(ʊ)ˌkʌr(ə)nsi
example:
the Swiss franc has an important role as a Eurocurrency|the prime minister said the time was not yet right for Britain to join the new Eurocurrency

definition:
a form of money held or traded outside the country in whose currency its value is stated (originally US dollars held in Europe).|a single currency for use by the member states of the European Union.


word: EUROMARKET
russian_word: еврорынок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjʊərəʊˌmaːkɪt
phonetics_text: ˈjʊərəʊˌmaːkɪt
definition:
a financial market which deals with Eurocurrencies.|the European Union regarded as a single commercial or financial market.


word: EUROPIUM
russian_word: европий
origin: early 20th century: modern Latin, based on Europe.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: jʊ(ə)rˈəʊpɪəm
phonetics_text: jʊ(ə)rˈəʊpɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 63, a soft silvery-white metal of the lanthanide series. Europium oxide is used with yttrium oxide as a red phosphor in colour television screens.


word: EUSTACHIAN TUBE
russian_word: евстахиева труба
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: juːˌsteɪʃ(ə)n ˈtjuːb
phonetics_text: juːˌsteɪʃ(ə)n ˈtjuːb
definition:
a narrow passage leading from the pharynx to the cavity of the middle ear, permitting the equalization of pressure on each side of the eardrum.

origin:
mid 18th century: named after Bartolomeo Eustachio (died 1574), the Italian anatomist who identified and described it.


word: EUTECTIC
russian_word: эвтектика
example: the eutectic mixture melts at 183°C
origin: late 19th century: from Greek eutēktos ‘easily melting’, from eu ‘well, easily’ + tēkein ‘melt’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: juːˈtɛktɪk
phonetics_text: juːˈtɛktɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting a mixture of substances (in fixed proportions) that melts and freezes at a single temperature that is lower than the melting points of the separate constituents or of any other mixture of them.


word: EUTECTOID
russian_word: эвтектоидного
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: juːˈtɛktɔɪd
phonetics_text: juːˈtɛktɔɪd
definition:
relating to or denoting an alloy which has a minimum transformation temperature between a solid solution and a simple mixture of metals.


word: EUTHANASIA
russian_word: эвтаназия
synonyms: mercy killing|assisted suicide|physician-assisted suicide|merciful release|happy release|quietus
origin: early 17th century (in the sense ‘easy death’): from Greek, from eu ‘well’ + thanatos ‘death’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjuːθəˈneɪzɪə
phonetics_text: ˌjuːθəˈneɪzɪə
definition:
the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma.


word: EUTROPHIC
russian_word: эвтрофные
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: juːˈtrəʊfɪk
phonetics_text: juːˈtrəʊfɪk|juːˈtrɒfɪk
definition:
(of a lake or other body of water) rich in nutrients and so supporting a dense plant population, the decomposition of which kills animal life by depriving it of oxygen.

origin:
early 18th century (denoting a medicine promoting good nutrition): from Greek eutrophia, from eu ‘well’ + trephein ‘nourish’. The current sense dates from the 1930s.


word: EUTROPHICATION
russian_word: эвтрофикации
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌjuːtrəfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌjuːtrəfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to run-off from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life.


word: EVA
russian_word: Ева
part_of_speech: abbreviation
definition:
ethyl vinyl acetate, a material used as cushioning in running shoes, consisting of a rubbery copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.|(in space) extravehicular activity.


word: EVACUANT
russian_word: средство, вызывающее опорожнение `органа
definition: (of a medicine or treatment) acting to induce some kind of bodily discharge.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪˈvakjʊənt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvakjʊənt
origin:
mid 18th century: from Latin evacuant- ‘emptying (the bowels’), from the verb evacuare, later in the more general sense ‘remove (contents)’.


word: EVACUATE
russian_word: эвакуировать
example: several families were evacuated from their homes|when it springs a leak, evacuate the pond
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvakjʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvakjʊeɪt
definition:
remove (someone) from a place of danger to a safer place.|remove air, water, or other contents from (a container).

synonyms:
remove|clear|move out|shift|take away|turn out|expel|evict|ask/force people to leave|make people leave|make people get out|empty|depopulate|unpeople

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘clear the contents of’): from Latin evacuat- ‘(of the bowels) emptied’, from the verb evacuare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + vacuus ‘empty’.


word: EVACUATION
russian_word: эвакуация
example: there were waves of evacuation during the blitz|patients with a feeling of incomplete evacuation
antonyms: retention
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌvakjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌvakjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of evacuating a person or a place.|the action of emptying the bowels or another bodily organ.

synonyms:
removal|clearance|shifting|expulsion|eviction|deportation|emptying|depopulation|abandonment|quitting|vacation|desertion|leaving|forsaking|departure from|withdrawal from|retreat from|pull-out from|disappearance from|exodus from|flight from|unpeopling


word: EVACUEE
russian_word: эвакуированный
example: his experiences as a wartime evacuee
definition: a person evacuated from a place of danger.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌvakjuːˈiː
phonetics_text: ɪˌvakjuːˈiː
origin:
early 20th century (originally in the French form): from French évacué, past participle of évacuer, from Latin evacuare (see evacuate).


word: EVADE
russian_word: уклоняться
example: friends helped him to evade capture for a time
definition: escape or avoid (someone or something), especially by guile or trickery.
antonyms: confront|run into
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈveɪd
phonetics_text: ɪˈveɪd
synonyms:
elude|avoid|dodge|escape (from)|stay away from|steer clear of|run away from|break away from|lose|leave behind|shake|shake off|keep at arm's length|keep out of someone's way|give someone a wide berth|sidestep|keep one's distance from|deceive|trick|cheat|end-run|ditch|give someone the slip|bilk

origin:
late 15th century: from French évader, from Latin evadere from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + vadere ‘go’.


word: EVAGINATE
russian_word: выпячиваться
example: the sacs evaginate and come to lie externally
definition: (with reference to a tubular or pouch-shaped organ or structure) turn or be turned inside out.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvadʒɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvadʒɪneɪt
origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin evaginat- ‘unsheathed’, from the verb evaginare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + vagina ‘sheath’.


word: EVALUATE
russian_word: оценивать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvaljʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvaljʊeɪt
example:
the study will assist in evaluating the impact of recent changes|substitute numbers in a simple formula and evaluate the answer

definition:
form an idea of the amount, number, or value of; assess.|find a numerical expression or equivalent for (an equation, formula, or function).

synonyms:
assess|assess the worth of|put a value/price on|judge|gauge|rate|estimate|appraise|form an opinion of|check something out|form an impression of|make up one's mind about|get the measure of|weigh up|analyse|size up

origin:
mid 19th century (earlier (mid 18th century) as evaluation ): from French évaluer, from es- (from Latin ex- ) ‘out, from’ + Old French value ‘value’.


word: EVALUATION
russian_word: оценка
example: the evaluation of each method
definition: the making of a judgement about the amount, number, or value of something; assessment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌvaljʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˌvaljʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
assessment|appraisal|judgement|gauging|rating|estimation|ranking|weighing up|summing up|consideration|assay|analysis|opinion|sizing up


word: EVANESCENT
russian_word: мимолетный
example: the evanescent Arctic summer
antonyms: unlimited|permanent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɛvəˈnɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɛvəˈnɛs(ə)nt|iːvəˈnɛs(ə)nt
definition:
soon passing out of sight, memory, or existence; quickly fading or disappearing.|denoting a field or wave which extends into a region where it cannot propagate and whose amplitude therefore decreases with distance.

synonyms:
vanishing|fading|evaporating|melting away|disappearing|diminishing|dwindling|shrinking|fugitive|fugacious|ephemeral|fleeting|short-lived|short-term|passing|transitory|transient|momentary|temporary|brief|here today and gone tomorrow

origin:
early 18th century (in the sense ‘almost imperceptible’): from Latin evanescent- ‘disappearing’, from the verb evanescere (see evanesce).


word: EVANGEL
russian_word: евангелие
definition: the Christian gospel.|another term for evangelist.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈvan(d)ʒɛl
phonetics_text: ɪˈvan(d)ʒɛl|ɪˈvan(d)ʒ(ə)l
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘gospel’): from Old French evangile, via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek euangelion ‘good news’, from euangelos ‘bringing good news’, from eu- ‘well’ + angelein ‘announce’.


word: EVANGELICAL
russian_word: евангельский
definition: of or according to the teaching of the gospel or the Christian religion.
synonyms: scriptural|biblical|Bible-believing|fundamentalist|orthodox
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: iːvanˈdʒɛlɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: iːvanˈdʒɛlɪk(ə)l|ɛvanˈdʒɛlɪk(ə)l
origin:
mid 16th century: via ecclesiastical Latin from ecclesiastical Greek euangelikos, from euangelos (see evangel).


word: EVANGELIST
russian_word: евангелист
example: an American television evangelist|St John the Evangelist
synonyms: preacher|missionary|gospeller|proselytizer|converter|crusader|propagandist|campaigner|televangelist
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈvan(d)ʒ(ə)lɪst
phonetics_text: ɪˈvan(d)ʒ(ə)lɪst
definition:
a person who seeks to convert others to the Christian faith, especially by public preaching.|the writer of one of the four Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John).

origin:
Middle English (in evangelist (sense 2)): from Old French évangéliste, via ecclesiastical Latin from ecclesiastical Greek euangelistēs, from euangelizesthai ‘evangelize’.


word: EVANGELISTIC
russian_word: евангелистский
example: an evangelistic preacher
definition: seeking to convert others to the Christian faith; missionary.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˌvan(d)ʒ(ə)ˈlɪstɪk
phonetics_text: ɪˌvan(d)ʒ(ə)ˈlɪstɪk
synonyms:
missionary|preaching|evangelical|evangelizing|revivalist|crusading|propagandist|campaigning|converting|proselytizing|televangelical


word: EVANGELIZE
russian_word: проповедовать евангелие
example: some small groups have been evangelized by Protestant missionaries
definition: convert or seek to convert (someone) to Christianity.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvan(d)ʒ(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ɪˈvan(d)ʒ(ə)lʌɪz
synonyms:
convert|proselytize|bring to God/Christ/Jesus|bring into the fold|redeem|save|make someone see the light|preach (to)|seek/make converts (among)|act as a missionary|crusade|campaign|win over|recruit|proselyte

origin:
late Middle English: from ecclesiastical Latin evangelizare, from Greek euangelizesthai, from euangelos (see evangel).


word: EVANISH
russian_word: исчезать
example: like the rainbow's lovely form evanishing amid the storm
definition: vanish or die away.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvanɪʃ
phonetics_text: ɪˈvanɪʃ
origin:
Middle English: from Old French evaniss-, lengthened stem of the verb evanir ‘vanish’, from Latin evanescere ‘die away’.


word: EVAPORATE
russian_word: испаряться
example: cook until most of the liquid has evaporated
definition: turn from liquid into vapour.
antonyms: condense
synonyms: vaporize|become vapour|volatilize|dry up
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvapəreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvapəreɪt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin evaporat- ‘changed into vapour’, from the verb evaporare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + vapor ‘steam, vapour’.


word: EVAPORATIVE
russian_word: испаряющий
example: evaporative water loss
definition: relating to or involving evaporation.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈvap(ə)rətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈvap(ə)rətɪv
origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin evaporativus, from evaporare ‘change into vapour’ (see evaporate).


word: EVASION
russian_word: уклонение
example: their adroit evasion of almost all questions
definition: the action of evading something.
antonyms: confrontation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈveɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈveɪʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
avoidance|dodging|eluding|elusion|sidestepping|bypassing|circumvention|shunning|shirking|getting out of|finding a way round|ducking|the go-by|bilking

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘prevaricating excuse’): via Old French from Latin evasio(n- ), from evadere (see evade).


word: EVASIVE
russian_word: уклончивый
example: she was evasive about her phone number
definition: tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.
antonyms: frank
origin: early 18th century: from Latin evas- ‘evaded’ (from the verb evadere ) + -ive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈveɪsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈveɪsɪv
synonyms:
prevaricating|elusive|ambiguous|equivocal|equivocating|indefinite|non-committal|vague|indeterminate|imprecise|inexact|indistinct|inexplicit|cryptic|enigmatic|obscure|unclear|puzzling|perplexing|gnomic|Delphic|roundabout|indirect|oblique|circumlocutory|circuitous|periphrastic|cagey


word: EVEN
russian_word: даже
antonyms: uneven|bumpy
part_of_speech: adjective|verb|adverb
phonetic: ˈiːv(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈiːv(ə)n
example:
prepare the site, then lay an even bed of mortar|an even gender balance among staff and students|a meter that reads only in even numbers

definition:
flat and smooth.|equal in number, amount, or value.|(of a number, such as 2, 6, or 108) divisible by two without a remainder.

synonyms:
flat|smooth|uniform|featureless|unbroken|undamaged|unwrinkled|level|levelled|plane|flush|true|(as) flat as a pancake|planar|homaloidal

origin:
Old English efen (adjective), efne (adverb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch even, effen and German eben .


word: EVEN AS
russian_word: как раз
example: even as he spoke their baggage was being unloaded
definition: at the very same time as.
synonyms:
while|whilst|as|at the (same) time that|just as|at the very time that|at the very moment that|exactly when|during the time that


word: EVENING
russian_word: вечер
example: it was seven o'clock in the evening
definition: the period of time at the end of the day, usually from about 6 p.m. to bedtime.
antonyms: morning
part_of_speech: noun|adverb|exclamation
phonetic: ˈiːv(ə)nɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈiːv(ə)nɪŋ
synonyms:
night|late afternoon|end of day|close of day|twilight|dusk|nightfall|sunset|sundown|eve|even|eventide|evenfall|gloaming

origin:
Old English ǣfnung  ‘dusk falling, the time around sunset’, from ǣfnian  ‘approach evening’, from ǣfen (see even2).


word: EVENLY
russian_word: равномерно
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈiːvnli
phonetics_text: ˈiːvnli
example:
scoop cream on to the cake and spread evenly|the jackpot will be split evenly among the holders of the three tickets|signals are numbered evenly, 2, 4, 6, 8, etc.

definition:
so as to present a flat or uniform surface or line.|in equal numbers, amounts, or values.|used to indicate a number that is divisible by two without a remainder.


word: EVEN SO
russian_word: однако
example: not the most exciting of places, but even so I was having a good time
definition: in spite of that; nevertheless.
synonyms:
nevertheless|nonetheless|all the same|just the same|anyway|anyhow|still|yet|however|notwithstanding|despite that|in spite of that|for all that|be that as it may|in any event|at any rate|still and all|withal|natheless|howbeit


word: EVENSONG
russian_word: вечерня
example: choral evensong
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːv(ə)nsɒŋ
phonetics_text: ˈiːv(ə)nsɒŋ
definition:
(in the Christian Church) a service of evening prayers, psalms, and canticles, conducted according to a set form, especially that of the Anglican Church.

origin:
Old English ǣfensang, originally applied to the pre-Reformation service of vespers (see even2, song).


word: EVENT
russian_word: событие
example: the momentous political events of the late 1980s
definition: a thing that happens or takes place, especially one of importance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈvɛnt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɛnt
origin:
mid 16th century (originally in the sense ‘outcome, result’): from Latin eventus, from evenire ‘result, happen’, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + venire ‘come’.


word: EVENTFUL
russian_word: богатый событиями
example: his long and eventful life
definition: marked by interesting or exciting events.
antonyms: dull|uneventful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈvɛntfʊl
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɛntfʊl|ɪˈvɛntf(ə)l
synonyms:
busy|event-filled|action-packed|full|lively|active|hectic|strenuous|momentous|significant|noteworthy|notable|remarkable|outstanding|important|crucial|critical|historic|consequential|fateful|decisive


word: EVENTING
russian_word: троеборье
example: he will begin his eventing career in March
origin: 1960s: from event, in three-day event, horse trials held on three consecutive days.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈvɛntɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɛntɪŋ
definition:
an equestrian sport in which competitors must take part in each of several contests, usually cross-country, dressage, and showjumping.


word: EVENTUAL
russian_word: возможный
example: it's impossible to predict the eventual outcome of the competition
definition: occurring or existing at the end of or as a result of a process or period of time.
synonyms: final|ultimate|concluding|closing|endmost|end|terminal|resulting|ensuing|consequent|subsequent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈvɛn(t)ʃʊ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɛn(t)ʃʊ(ə)l
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘relating to an event or events’): from Latin eventus (see event), on the pattern of actual .


word: EVENTUALITY
russian_word: случайность
example: be prepared for all eventualities
definition: a possible event or outcome.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˌvɛn(t)ʃʊˈalɪti
phonetics_text: ɪˌvɛn(t)ʃʊˈalɪti
synonyms:
event|incident|occurrence|happening|development|phenomenon|thing|situation|circumstance|case|contingency|chance|likelihood|possibility|probability|outcome|result|upshot|fortuity


word: EVENTUALLY
russian_word: в конце концов
example: eventually, after midnight, I arrived at the hotel
definition: in the end, especially after a long delay, dispute, or series of problems.
antonyms: immediately|never
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪˈvɛntʃʊ(ə)li
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɛntʃʊ(ə)li
synonyms:
in the end|in due course|by and by|in time|after some time|after a period of time|after a long time|after a bit|finally|at last|at long last|ultimately|in the long run|in the fullness of time|at some point in the future|at a future date|at the end of the day|one day|one of these fine days|some day|sometime|in time to come|sooner or later|when all is said and done


word: EVENTUATE
russian_word: случаться
example: you never know what might eventuate
definition: occur as a result.
origin: late 17th century (in the sense ‘bring about’): from event, perhaps on the pattern of actuate .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvɛn(t)ʃʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɛn(t)ʃʊeɪt
synonyms:
happen|occur|take place|chance to happen|arise|emerge|come about|transpire|materialize|appear|surface|crop up|spring up|present itself|ensue|follow|result|develop|supervene|be the result|be the consequence|go down|come to pass|befall|betide|bechance|hap|arrive|result in|end in|have as a result|have as a consequence|lead to|give rise to|bring about|cause


word: EVER
russian_word: когда-либо
antonyms: never
origin: Old English ǣfre, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈɛvə
phonetics_text: ˈɛvə
example:
nothing ever seemed to ruffle her|ever the man of action, he was impatient with intellectuals|having to borrow ever larger sums|who ever heard of a grown man being frightened of the dark?

definition:
at any time.|at all times; always.|increasingly; constantly.|used for emphasis in questions expressing astonishment or outrage.

synonyms:
at any time|at any point|on any occasion|under any circumstances|on any account|up till now|until now


word: EVERLASTING
russian_word: вечный
example: the damned would suffer everlasting torment
definition: lasting forever or a very long time.
antonyms: transient|occasional
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɛvəˈlɑːstɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɛvəˈlɑːstɪŋ
synonyms:
eternal|never-ending|endless|without end|perpetual|undying|immortal|deathless|indestructible|immutable|abiding|enduring|infinite|boundless|timeless|sempiternal|perdurable|constant|continual|continuous|persistent|sustained|unremitting|relentless|unrelenting|unrelieved|uninterrupted|unbroken|unabating|interminable|non-stop|round-the-clock|incessant|ceaseless


word: EVERMORE
russian_word: навсегда
example: we pray that we may evermore dwell in him and he in us
definition: (chiefly used for rhetorical effect or in ecclesiastical contexts) always.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɛvəˈmɔː
phonetics_text: ɛvəˈmɔː
synonyms:
always|forever|for ever and ever|ever|for always|for all time|until the end of time|eternally|in perpetuity|endlessly|without end|ceaselessly|unceasingly|constantly|ever after|henceforth|for evermore|forever more|forevermore|in perpetuum|ad infinitum|until the cows come home|until the twelfth of never|until hell freezes over|hereafter|for aye


word: EVERT
russian_word: выворачивать наизнанку
example: the brown hyena deposits chemicals by everting an anal pouch
definition: turn (a structure or organ) outwards or inside out.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvəːt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvəːt
origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘upset, overthrow’): from Latin evertere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + vertere ‘to turn’. The current sense dates from the late 18th century.


word: EVERYBODY
russian_word: все
example: everybody agrees with his views
definition: every person.
part_of_speech: pronoun
phonetic: ˈɛvrɪbɒdi
phonetics_text: ˈɛvrɪbɒdi
synonyms:
everyone|every person|each person|each one|each and every one|all|one and all|all and sundry|the whole world|the world at large|the public|the general public|people everywhere|every Tom|Dick|and Harry|every man jack|every mother's son


word: EVERYONE
russian_word: все
example: everyone needs time to unwind
definition: every person.
part_of_speech: pronoun
phonetic: ˈɛvrɪwʌn
phonetics_text: ˈɛvrɪwʌn
synonyms:
everybody|every person|each person|each one|each and every one|all|one and all|all and sundry|the whole world|the world at large|the public|the general public|people everywhere|every Tom|Dick|and Harry|every man jack|every mother's son


word: EVERYTHING
russian_word: все
example: they did everything together|how's everything?
definition: all things.|the current situation; life in general.
antonyms: nothing
part_of_speech: pronoun
phonetic: ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɛvrɪθɪŋ
synonyms:
each item|each thing|every article|every single thing|the lot|the whole lot|the entirety|the total|the aggregate|all|the whole (kit and) caboodle|the whole shooting match|the whole shebang|the full monty|the whole ball of wax|the whole nine yards


word: EVICT
russian_word: выселять
example: a single mother and her children have been evicted from their home
definition: expel (someone) from a property, especially with the support of the law.
antonyms: admit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvɪkt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɪkt
synonyms:
expel|eject|oust|remove|dislodge|turn out|put out|force out|throw out|throw out on the streets|throw out on one's ear|drum out|drive out|dispossess|expropriate|chuck out|kick out|boot out|heave out|bounce|throw someone out on their ear|show someone the door|turf out|give someone the bum's rush|defenestrate|out

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘recover property by legal process’): from Latin evict- ‘overcome, defeated’, from the verb evincere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + vincere ‘conquer’.


word: EVICTION
russian_word: выселение
example: the forced eviction of residents
definition: the action of expelling someone from a property; expulsion.
antonyms: admission
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪˈvɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɪkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
expulsion|ejection|ousting|throwing out|drumming out|driving out|banishing|banishment|removal|dislodgement|displacement|clearance|dispossession|expropriation|booting out|chucking out|kicking out|bouncing|turfing out|defenestration|ouster|outing


word: EVIDENCE
russian_word: доказательства
example: the study finds little evidence of overt discrimination
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛvɪd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɛvɪd(ə)ns
definition:
the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid.

synonyms:
proof|confirmation|verification|substantiation|corroboration|affirmation|authentication|attestation|documentation|support for|backing for|reinforcement for|grounds for

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin evidentia, from evident- ‘obvious to the eye or mind’ (see evident).


word: EVIDENT
russian_word: очевидный
example: she ate the biscuits with evident enjoyment
definition: clearly seen or understood; obvious.
antonyms: unnoticeable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛvɪd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛvɪd(ə)nt
synonyms:
obvious|apparent|noticeable|conspicuous|perceptible|perceivable|visible|observable|discernible|transparent|clear|crystal clear|clear-cut|writ large|plain|manifest|patent|palpable|tangible|distinct|pronounced|marked|striking|glaring|blatant|unmistakable|indisputable|undoubted|incontrovertible|incontestable|as plain as a pikestaff|standing/sticking out a mile|written all over someone|as clear as day|sensible

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin evidens, evident- ‘obvious to the eye or mind’, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + videre ‘to see’.


word: EVIDENTLY
russian_word: очевидно
example: a work so evidently laden with significance|evidently Mrs Smith thought differently
definition: in a way that is clearly seen or understood; obviously.|it would seem that.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈɛvɪd(ə)ntli
phonetics_text: ˈɛvɪd(ə)ntli
synonyms:
obviously|clearly|plainly|perceptibly|visibly|discernibly|transparently|manifestly|patently|palpably|distinctly|markedly|blatantly|unmistakably|indisputably|undeniably|undoubtedly|incontrovertibly|without question|without doubt|as sure as eggs is eggs


word: EVIL
russian_word: зло
example: his evil deeds
definition: profoundly immoral and wicked.
antonyms: good|virtuous
origin: Old English yfel, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch euvel and German Übel .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈiːv(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈiːv(ə)l|ˈiːvɪl
synonyms:
wicked|bad|wrong|morally wrong|wrongful|immoral|sinful|ungodly|unholy|foul|vile|base|ignoble|dishonourable|corrupt|iniquitous|depraved|degenerate|villainous|nefarious|sinister|vicious|malicious|malevolent|demonic|devilish|diabolic|diabolical|fiendish|dark|black-hearted|monstrous|shocking|despicable|atrocious|heinous|odious|contemptible|horrible|execrable|low-down|stinking|dirty|shady|warped|bent|crooked|dastardly|black|egregious|flagitious|peccable


word: EVILDOER
russian_word: грешник
example: his concept of justice demanded vengeance against evildoers
definition: a person who commits profoundly immoral and wicked deeds.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈiːv(ə)lˌduːə
phonetics_text: ˈiːv(ə)lˌduːə
synonyms:
wrongdoer|transgressor|criminal|delinquent|offender|villain|black hat|malefactor|reprobate|scoundrel|rogue|sinner|sinful person|wicked person|evil person|bad person|baddie|bad guy|crook|wrong 'un|ne'er-do-well|nasty piece of work|ratbag|scumbag|bad egg|crim|malfeasant|misfeasor|infractor|miscreant|knave|blackguard|varlet|trespasser


word: EVINCE
russian_word: проявлять
example: the news stories evinced the usual mixture of sympathy and satisfaction
definition: reveal the presence of (a quality or feeling); indicate.
antonyms: conceal
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvɪns
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɪns
synonyms:
reveal|show|make clear|make plain|make obvious|make manifest|manifest|indicate|display|exhibit|demonstrate|be evidence of|evidence|attest to|testify to|bear witness to|convey|communicate|proclaim|impart|bespeak|disclose|divulge|betray|give away|expose|lay bare

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘prove by argument or evidence’): from Latin evincere ‘overcome, defeat’ (see evict).


word: EVIRATE
russian_word: кастрировать
definition: castrate (a man or male animal).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈiːvɪreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈiːvɪreɪt|ˈɛːvɪreɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin evirat-, from the verb evirare (from e-, expressing a change of state, + vir ‘man’): see -ate3.


word: EVISCERATE
russian_word: выхолащивать
example: the goat had been skinned and neatly eviscerated
definition: disembowel (a person or animal).
synonyms: disembowel|gut|remove the innards from|draw|dress|embowel|disbowel|exenterate|gralloch|paunch
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvɪsəreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɪsəreɪt
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin eviscerat- ‘disembowelled’, from the verb eviscerare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out’ + viscera ‘internal organs’.


word: EVOCATION
russian_word: воскрешение в памяти
example: the vivid evocation of stillness in the title poem|the evocation of wandering spirits
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n|iːvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the act of bringing or recalling a feeling, memory, or image to the conscious mind.|the action of invoking a spirit or deity.


word: EVOCATIVE
russian_word: вызывающий воспоминания
example: powerfully evocative lyrics
definition: bringing strong images, memories, or feelings to mind.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪˈvɒkətɪv
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɒkətɪv
synonyms:
reminiscent|suggestive|redolent|resonant with|expressive|vivid|graphic|powerful|haunting|moving|poignant|remindful of

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin evocativus, from evocat- ‘called forth’, from the verb evocare (see evoke).


word: EVOKE
russian_word: вызывать
definition: bring or recall (a feeling, memory, or image) to the conscious mind.|invoke (a spirit or deity).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvəʊk
phonetics_text: ɪˈvəʊk
example:
the sight evoked pleasant memories of his childhood|Akasha is evoked in India when a house is being built to ensure its completion

synonyms:
bring to mind|call to mind|put one in mind of|call up|conjure up|summon up|summon|invoke|give rise to|bring forth|elicit|induce|kindle|stimulate|stir up|awaken|arouse|excite|raise|suggest|recall|echo|reproduce|encapsulate|capture|express|educe

origin:
early 17th century (in evoke (sense 2)): from Latin evocare, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of, from’ + vocare ‘to call’.


word: EVOLUTION
russian_word: эволюция
synonyms: Darwinism|natural selection
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n|ˈɛvəluːʃ(ə)n
example:
the forms of written languages undergo constant evolution|the evolution of oxygen occurs rapidly in this process|flocks of waders often perform aerial evolutions

definition:
the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms during the history of the earth.|the gradual development of something.|the giving off of a gaseous product, or of heat.|a pattern of movements or manoeuvres.|the extraction of a root from a given quantity.

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin evolutio(n- ) ‘unrolling’, from the verb evolvere (see evolve). Early senses related to movement, first recorded in describing a ‘wheeling’ manoeuvre in the realignment of troops or ships. Current senses stem from a notion of ‘opening out’, giving rise to the sense ‘development’.


word: EVOLUTIONARY
russian_word: эволюционный
example: Darwinian evolutionary theory|updating technology is an evolutionary process|evolutionary tactics
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˌiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n(ə)ri|ˌɛvəˈluːʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
definition:
relating to or denoting the process by which different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms.|relating to the gradual development of something.|relating to a pattern of movements or manoeuvres.


word: EVOLVE
russian_word: развиваться
definition: develop gradually.|give off (gas or heat).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪˈvɒlv
phonetics_text: ɪˈvɒlv
example:
the company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer|the energy evolved during this chemical change is transferred to water

synonyms:
develop|progress|make progress|advance|move forward|make headway|mature|grow|open out|unfold|unroll|expand|enlarge|spread|extend|alter|change|transform|adapt|metamorphose|differentiate|transmogrify

origin:
early 17th century (in the general sense ‘make more complex, develop’): from Latin evolvere, from e- (variant of ex- ) ‘out of’ + volvere ‘to roll’.


word: EWER
russian_word: кувшин
definition: a large jug with a wide mouth, formerly used for carrying water.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈjuːə
phonetics_text: ˈjuːə
origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, variant of Old French aiguiere, based on Latin aquarius ‘of water’, from aqua ‘water’.


word: EXACERBATE
russian_word: обострять
example: the exorbitant cost of land in urban areas only exacerbated the problem
definition: make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse.
antonyms: calm|reduce
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzasəbeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzasəbeɪt|ɛkˈsasəbeɪt
synonyms:
aggravate|make worse|worsen|inflame|compound|intensify|increase|heighten|magnify|add to|amplify|augment|make matters worse|compound the problem|add fuel to the fire/flames|fan the flames|rub salt in the wounds|add insult to injury

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin exacerbat- ‘made harsh’, from the verb exacerbare, from ex- (expressing inducement of a state) + acerbus ‘harsh, bitter’.


word: EXACERBATION
russian_word: обострение
definition: the process of making a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling worse.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡzasəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪɡzasəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n|ɪksasəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
a lack of stress reduction skills can lead to the exacerbation of existing problems and the onset of many others

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘provocation to anger’): from Latin exacerbatio(n-), from the verb exacerbare (see exacerbate).


word: EXACT
russian_word: точный
example: the exact details were still being worked out
definition: not approximated in any way; precise.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzakt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzakt|ɛɡˈzakt
origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): from Latin exact- ‘completed, ascertained, enforced’, from the verb exigere, from ex- ‘thoroughly’ + agere ‘perform’. The adjective dates from the mid 16th century and reflects the Latin exactus ‘precise’.


word: EXACTING
russian_word: требовательный
example: the exacting standards laid down by the organic food industry
definition: making great demands on one's skill, attention, or other resources.
antonyms: easy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪɡˈzaktɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzaktɪŋ|ɛɡˈzaktɪŋ
synonyms:
demanding|hard|tough|stringent|testing|challenging|difficult|onerous|arduous|laborious|tiring|taxing|gruelling|punishing|back-breaking|burdensome|Herculean|toilsome|exigent


word: EXACTION
russian_word: взыскание
example: he supervised the exaction of tolls at various ports
definition: the action of demanding and obtaining something from someone, especially a payment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzakʃ(ə)n|ɛɡˈzakʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin exactio(n- ), from exigere ‘ascertain, perfect, enforce’ (see exact).


word: EXACTLY
russian_word: точно
antonyms: not at all|inaccurately|inexactly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzak(t)li
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzak(t)li|ɛɡˈzak(t)li
example:
they met in 1989 and got married exactly two years later|‘You mean that you're going to tell me the truth?’ ‘Exactly.’

definition:
used to emphasize the accuracy of a figure or description.|used as a reply to confirm or agree with what has just been said.

synonyms:
precisely|entirely|absolutely|completely|totally|just|quite|in every way|in every respect|one hundred per cent|every inch|to the hilt|on the nail|bang on|spot on|to a T|on the money|accurately|correctly|without error|without flaws|without mistakes|unerringly|faultlessly|perfectly|verbatim|word for word|letter for letter|to the letter|literally|closely|faithfully|in every detail|veridically


word: EXACTNESS
russian_word: точность
example: it is impossible to calculate with mathematical exactness
definition: the quality of being accurate or correct; precision.
antonyms: inaccuracy|negligence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛɡˈzak(t)nəs
phonetics_text: ɛɡˈzak(t)nəs
synonyms:
precision|exactitude|accuracy|accurateness|correctness|veracity|faithfulness|fidelity|closeness|care|carefulness|meticulousness|scrupulousness|punctiliousness|conscientiousness|rigour|rigorousness|thoroughness|strictness|veridicality|scrupulosity


word: EXAGGERATE
russian_word: преувеличивать
example: he was apt to exaggerate any aches and pains
definition: represent (something) as being larger, better, or worse than it really is.
antonyms: play down|understate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzadʒəreɪt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzadʒəreɪt|ɛɡˈzadʒəreɪt
synonyms:
overstate|overemphasize|overstress|overestimate|overvalue|magnify|amplify|aggrandize|inflate|embellish|embroider|colour|elaborate|over-elaborate|oversell|overdraw|overplay|dramatize|hyperbolize|add colour|stretch the truth|catastrophize|overpitch|pile it on|lay it on thick|lay it on with a trowel/shovel|make a drama out of a crisis|make a big thing of|shoot a line|draw the longbow

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin exaggerat- ‘heaped up’, from the verb exaggerare, from ex- ‘thoroughly’ + aggerare ‘heap up’ (from agger ‘heap’). The word originally meant ‘pile up, accumulate’, later ‘intensify praise or blame’, giving rise to current senses.


word: EXAGGERATED
russian_word: преувеличенный
example: an exaggerated account of his adventures
definition: regarded or represented as larger, better, or worse than in reality.
antonyms: understated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪɡˈzadʒəreɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzadʒəreɪtɪd
synonyms:
overstated|overemphasized|inflated|magnified|amplified|aggrandized|excessive|hyperbolic|over-elaborate|overdone|overripe|overplayed|overdramatized|theatrical|dramatic|actorly|highly coloured|extravagant|melodramatic|sensational|sensationalist|sensationalistic|over the top|OTT|tall


word: EXAGGERATION
russian_word: преувеличение
example: it would be an exaggeration to say I had morning sickness, but I did feel queasy
definition: a statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˌzadʒəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪɡˌzadʒəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
overstatement|overemphasis|magnification|amplification|aggrandizement|overplaying|dramatization|overdramatization|enhancement|elaboration|over-elaboration|embellishment|over-embellishment|embroidery|hyperbole|overkill|gilding the lily|purple prose|puffery


word: EXALT
russian_word: превозносить
definition: think or speak very highly of (someone or something).|raise to a higher rank or position.
antonyms: disparage|despise
origin: late Middle English: from Latin exaltare, from ex- ‘out, upward’ + altus ‘high’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɔːlt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɔːlt|ɛɡˈzɔːlt
example:
the party will continue to exalt their hero|this naturally exalts the peasant above his brethren in the same rank of society

synonyms:
glorify|extol|praise|acclaim|pay homage to|pay tribute to|revere|reverence|venerate|worship|hero-worship|lionize|idolize|deify|esteem|hold in high regard|hold in high esteem|hold in awe|look up to|put on a pedestal|laud|magnify


word: EXALTATION
russian_word: экзальтация
antonyms: sadness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛɡzɔːlˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛɡzɔːlˈteɪʃ(ə)n|ɛkszɔːlˈteɪʃ(ə)n
example:
she was in a frenzy of exaltation and terror|the exaltation of Jesus to the Father's right hand|the exaltation of the army as a place for brotherhood|what a sound an exaltation of larks must make

definition:
a feeling or state of extreme happiness.|the action of elevating someone in rank or power.|the action of praising someone or something highly.|a flock of larks.

synonyms:
elation|exultation|joy|joyfulness|joyousness|rapture|ecstasy|bliss|happiness|delight|gladness|glee|exuberance|exhilaration|excitement|transports

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘the action of raising high’): from late Latin exaltatio(n- ), from Latin exaltare ‘raise aloft’ (see exalt).


word: EXALTED
russian_word: возвышенный
definition: (of a person or their rank or status) at a high or powerful level.|in a state of extreme happiness.
antonyms: low
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd
example:
it had taken her years of infighting to reach her present exalted rank|I felt exalted and newly alive

synonyms:
high|high-ranking|elevated|prominent|superior|lofty|grand|noble|dignified|eminent|prestigious|august|illustrious|distinguished|esteemed|venerable|influential|important|powerful


word: EXAM
russian_word: экзамен
example: he was likely to fail his exams again|routine eye exams
definition: short for examination (sense 2).|a medical test of a specified kind.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzam
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzam|ɛɡˈzam
synonyms:
test|examination|paper|question paper|oral|practical|assessment|set of questions|set of exercises|viva|viva voce|quiz


word: EXAMEN
russian_word: Экзамен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛɡˈzeɪmɛn
phonetics_text: ɛɡˈzeɪmɛn|ɛgˈzɑːmɛn
definition:
(especially among Jesuits) a devotional exercise involving reflection on and moral evaluation of one's thoughts and conduct, typically performed on a daily basis.

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin, in the figurative sense ‘examination’ (literally ‘tongue of a balance’), from exigere ‘weigh accurately’.


word: EXAMINANT
russian_word: экзаменатор
definition: a person conducting a judicial or academic examination.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzamɪnənt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzamɪnənt|ɛɡˈzamɪnənt
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin examinant- ‘weighing, testing’, from the verb examinare (see examine).


word: EXAMINATION
russian_word: экспертиза
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˌzamɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪɡˌzamɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n|ɛɡˌzamɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
example:
an examination of marketing behaviour|he scraped through the examinations at the end of his first year

definition:
a detailed inspection or study.|a formal test of a person's knowledge or proficiency in a subject or skill.|the formal questioning of a defendant or witness in court.

synonyms:
scrutiny|inspection|perusal|study|scanning|vetting|investigation|exploration|consideration|analysis|appraisal|evaluation|check|check-up|assessment|review|probe|test|scan|going-over|once-over|overhaul

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘testing (one's conscience) by a standard’): via Old French from Latin examinatio(n- ), from examinare ‘weigh, test’ (see examine).


word: EXAMINE
russian_word: исследовать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzamɪn
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzamɪn|ɛɡˈzamɪn
example:
a doctor examined me and said I might need a caesarean|the colleges set standards by examining candidates

definition:
inspect (someone or something) thoroughly in order to determine their nature or condition.|test the knowledge or proficiency of (someone) by requiring them to answer questions or perform tasks.|formally question (a defendant or witness) in court.

synonyms:
inspect|survey|scrutinize|look at|look into|inquire into|study|investigate|scan|sift|delve into|dig into|explore|probe|check out|consider|appraise|weigh|weigh up|analyse|review|vet|subject to an examination

origin:
Middle English: from Old French examiner, from Latin examinare ‘weigh, test’, from examen ‘examination’.


word: EXAMINEE
russian_word: экзаменующийся
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡzamɪˈniː
phonetics_text: ɪɡzamɪˈniː|ɛɡzamɪˈniː
example:
examinees are given four hours to complete the test|the short measurement time is convenient for elderly examinees

definition:
a person taking an examination or test.|a person who is being thoroughly inspected in order to determine their health or condition.


word: EXAMINER
russian_word: эксперт
example: a police vehicle examiner|exams are marked by external examiners
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzamɪnə
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzamɪnə
definition:
a person whose job is to inspect something; an inspector.|a person who sets and marks exams to test people's knowledge or proficiency.

synonyms:
tester|questioner|interviewer|assessor|marker|inspector|auditor|analyst|appraiser|reviewer|arbiter|adjudicator|judge|scrutineer|scrutinizer|examinant|scrutinator


word: EXAMPLE
russian_word: пример
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɑːmp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɑːmp(ə)l|ɛɡˈzɑːmp(ə)l
example:
advertising provides a good example of an industry where dreams have faded|it is important that parents should set an example

definition:
a thing characteristic of its kind or illustrating a general rule.|a person or thing regarded in terms of their fitness to be imitated.

synonyms:
specimen|sample|exemplar|exemplification|instance|case|representative case|typical case|case in point|illustration

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin exemplum, from eximere ‘take out’, from ex- ‘out’ + emere ‘take’. Compare with sample.


word: EXANIMATE
russian_word: безжизненный
example: his exanimate body
definition: showing no sign of life; lifeless.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsanɪmət
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsanɪmət|ɛkˈsanɪmət
origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin exanimatus ‘deprived of life’, from ex- ‘out’ + animatus (see animate).


word: EXANTHEMA
russian_word: экзантема
example: other symptoms are allergic contact dermatitis and generalized exanthema
definition: a skin rash accompanying a disease or fever.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈsanθɪmə
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsanθɪmə|ˌɛksanˈθiːmə
origin:
mid 17th century: via late Latin from Greek exanthēma ‘eruption’, from ex- ‘out’ + antheein ‘to blossom’ (from anthos ‘flower’).


word: EXARCH
russian_word: экзарх
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛksɑːk
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɑːk
definition:
(in the Orthodox Church) a bishop lower in rank than a patriarch and having jurisdiction wider than the metropolitan of a diocese.|a governor of a distant province under the Byzantine emperors.

origin:
late 16th century: via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek exarkhos, from ex- ‘out of’ + arkhos ‘ruler’.


word: EXARCHATE
russian_word: экзархат
definition: a Byzantine province governed by an exarch.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛksɑːkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɑːkeɪt
origin:
mid 16th century: from medieval Latin exarchatus, from ecclesiastical Latin exarchus, from Greek (see exarch).


word: EXASPERATE
russian_word: раздражать
example: this futile process exasperates prison officers
definition: irritate and frustrate (someone) intensely.
antonyms: please|delight|pleasing|delightful
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪɡˈzasp(ə)reɪt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzasp(ə)reɪt|ɛɡˈzasp(ə)reɪt
synonyms:
infuriate|incense|anger|annoy|irritate|madden|enrage|send into a rage|inflame|antagonize|provoke|irk|vex|gall|pique|try someone's patience|get on someone's nerves|make someone's blood boil|make someone's hackles rise|make someone see red|get someone's back up|rub up the wrong way|ruffle someone's feathers|drive to distraction|aggravate|drive mad|drive crazy|bug|needle|rile|miff|hack off|get to|get at|get under someone's skin|get someone's goat|rattle someone's cage|get someone's dander up|nark|wind up|get on someone's wick|get up someone's nose|give someone the hump|tee off|tick off|burn up|rankle|ride|gravel|bum out|exacerbate|hump|rasp|infuriating|annoying|irritating|maddening|antagonizing|provoking|irking|irksome|vexing|vexatious|galling|trying|troublesome|bothersome|displeasing|aggravating|cussed|pesky|confounded|infernal|plaguy|pestilent

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin exasperat- ‘irritated to anger’, from the verb exasperare (based on asper ‘rough’).


word: EXASPERATION
russian_word: раздражение
example: she rolled her eyes in exasperation
definition: a feeling of intense irritation or annoyance.
antonyms: pleasure|delight
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˌzɑːspəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪɡˌzɑːspəˈreɪʃ(ə)n|ɛɡˌzɑːspəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
irritation|annoyance|chagrin|vexation|anger|fury|rage|wrath|spleen|ill humour|crossness|tetchiness|testiness|pique|indignation|resentment|disgruntlement|disgust|discontent|displeasure|aggravation|crabbiness|stroppiness|ire|choler|bile


word: EX CATHEDRA
russian_word: авторитетно
example: for an encyclical to be infallible the Pope must speak ex cathedra
origin: Latin, ‘from the (teacher's) chair’, from ex ‘from’ and cathedra ‘seat’ (see cathedral).
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: ˌɛks kəˈθiːdrə
phonetics_text: ˌɛks kəˈθiːdrə
definition:
with the full authority of office (especially that of the Pope, implying infallibility as defined in Roman Catholic doctrine).


word: EXCAVATE
russian_word: копать
example: the cheapest way of doing this was to excavate a long trench|the site was excavated in 1975
synonyms: dig|dig out|hollow out|scoop out|gouge|cut out|bore|burrow|tunnel|sink|quarry|mine
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛkskəveɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛkskəveɪt
definition:
make (a hole or channel) by digging.|remove earth carefully from (an area) in order to find buried remains.

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin excavat- ‘hollowed out’, from the verb excavare, from ex- ‘out’ + cavare ‘make or become hollow’ (from cavus ‘hollow’).


word: EXCAVATION
russian_word: раскопки
example: the methods of excavation have to be extremely rigorous
definition: the action of excavating something, especially an archaeological site.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛkskəˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɛkskəˈveɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
unearthing|digging up|uncovering|revealing|disinterment|exhumation|digging|digging out|hollowing out|scooping out|gouging|boring|channelling|sinking|quarrying|mining|hole|hollow|cavity|pit|crater|cutting|trench|trough|archaeological site


word: EXCEED
russian_word: превышать
example: production costs have exceeded £60,000
definition: be greater in number or size than (a quantity, number, or other measurable thing).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈsiːd
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsiːd|ɛkˈsiːd
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘go over a boundary or specified point’): from Old French exceder, from Latin excedere, from ex- ‘out’ + cedere ‘go’.


word: EXCEEDING
russian_word: превышение
example: she spoke warmly of his exceeding kindness
definition: very great.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ|ɛkˈsiːdɪŋ
synonyms:
great|very great|considerable|exceptional|marked|distinct|tremendous|immense|extreme|supreme|outstanding


word: EXCEEDINGLY
russian_word: чрезвычайно
example: the team played exceedingly well|the supply multiplied exceedingly
definition: extremely.|to a great extent.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli|ɛkˈsiːdɪŋli
synonyms:
extremely|exceptionally|especially|tremendously|immensely|supremely|very|really|truly|most|distinctly|decidedly|unco|très|right|terribly|awfully|devilishly|majorly|seriously|mega|ultra|oh-so|damn|damned|ever so|well|dead|jolly|real|mighty|awful|darned|exceeding


word: EXCEL
russian_word: превосходить
example: she excelled at landscape painting
definition: be exceptionally good at or proficient in an activity or subject.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin excellere, from ex- ‘out, beyond’ + celsus ‘lofty’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛl
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛl|ɛkˈsɛl
synonyms:
shine|be very good|be excellent|be brilliant|be outstanding|be skilful|be talented|be proficient|be expert|be pre-eminent|reign supreme|wear the crown|stand out|be the best|be unrivalled|be unparalleled|be unequalled|be without equal|be second to none|be unsurpassed|be unexampled|surpass|outdo|outshine|outclass|outstrip|beat|beat hollow|top|cap|transcend|be better than|be superior to|go one better than|better|pass|eclipse|overshadow|put in the shade|put to shame|best|leave standing|be head and shoulders above|be a cut above|extinguish|outrival|outvie


word: EXCELLENCE
russian_word: превосходство
example: awards for excellence
definition: the quality of being outstanding or extremely good.
antonyms: inferiority|mediocrity
origin: late Middle English: from Latin excellentia, from the verb excellere ‘surpass’ (see excel).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛks(ə)l(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈɛks(ə)l(ə)ns
synonyms:
distinction|quality|high quality|superiority|brilliance|greatness|merit|calibre|eminence|pre-eminence|supremacy|peerlessness|transcendence|value|worth|skill|talent|genius|virtuosity|accomplishment|expertness|mastery|prowess|ability|supereminence


word: EXCELLENCY
russian_word: превосходительство
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛks(ə)l(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈɛks(ə)l(ə)nsi
example:
His Excellency the Indian Consul General|the characteristic excellencies of Wordsworth's poetry are listed

definition:
a title or form of address given to certain high officials of state, especially ambassadors, or of the Roman Catholic Church.|an outstanding feature or quality.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘excellence’): from Latin excellentia, from excellere ‘surpass’ (see excel). Sense 1 dates from the mid 16th century.


word: EXCELLENT
russian_word: отлично
example: the lorry was in excellent condition
definition: extremely good; outstanding.
antonyms: poor|inferior
part_of_speech: adjective|exclamation
phonetic: ˈɛks(ə)l(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛks(ə)l(ə)nt
synonyms:
very good|superb|outstanding|magnificent|of high quality|of the highest quality|of the highest standard|exceptional|marvellous|wonderful|sublime|perfect|eminent|pre-eminent|matchless|peerless|supreme|first-rate|first-class|superior|superlative|splendid|admirable|worthy|sterling|fine|super|A1|ace|great|terrific|tremendous|fantastic|fab|top-notch|tip-top|class|awesome|magic|wicked|cool|out of this world|too good to be true|mind-blowing|brilliant|brill|smashing|champion|bosting|badass|awesomesauce|on fleek|legit|beaut|bonzer|spiffing|ripping|topping|top-hole|wizard|capital|swell|bosker|applaudable|shit hot

origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘outstanding’ in either a good or bad way): from Old French, from Latin excellent- ‘being pre-eminent’, from excellere (see excel). The current appreciatory sense dates from the early 17th century.


word: EXCELSIOR
russian_word: мягкая древесная стружка
example: they stayed at the Excelsior
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛkˈsɛlsɪɔː
phonetics_text: ɛkˈsɛlsɪɔː
definition:
used in the names of hotels and products to indicate superior quality.|softwood shavings used for packing fragile goods or stuffing furniture.

origin:
late 18th century (as an exclamation): from Latin, comparative of excelsus, from ex- ‘out, beyond’ + celsus ‘lofty’.


word: EXCEPT
russian_word: кроме
example: they work every day except Sunday
definition: not including; other than.
antonyms: including
part_of_speech: preposition|conjunction|verb
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛpt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛpt|ɛkˈsɛpt
synonyms:
excluding|not including|excepting|omitting|leaving out|not counting|but|besides|barring|bar|other than|exclusive of|saving|save|apart from|aside from|with the exception of|with the omission of|with the exclusion of|outside of|forbye

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin except- ‘taken out’, from the verb excipere, from ex- ‘out of’ + capere ‘take’.


word: EXCEPTION
russian_word: исключение
example: he always plays top tunes, and tonight was no exception
definition: a person or thing that is excluded from a general statement or does not follow a rule.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)n|ɛkˈsɛpʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
anomaly|irregularity|deviation|special case|departure|inconsistency|quirk|peculiarity|abnormality|oddity|outlier|edge case|misfit|freak

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin exceptio(n- ), from excipere ‘take out’ (see except).


word: EXCEPTIONABLE
russian_word: небезупречный
example: his drawings are almost the only exceptionable part of his work
definition: open to objection; causing disapproval or offence.
antonyms: agreeable|acceptable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)nəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)nəb(ə)l|ɛkˈsɛpʃ(ə)nəb(ə)l
synonyms:
objectionable|offensive|disagreeable|obnoxious|repugnant|disgusting|abhorrent|unpleasant|distasteful|displeasing|unacceptable|deplorable|reprehensible|contemptible|insufferable|intolerable|insupportable|beyond the pale|out of line|out of order|disgustful|loathly


word: EXCEPTIONAL
russian_word: исключительный
example: late claims will only be accepted in exceptional circumstances
definition: unusual; not typical.
antonyms: usual|normal
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)n(ə)l|ɛkˈsɛpʃ(ə)n(ə)l
synonyms:
unusual|uncommon|abnormal|atypical|extraordinary|out of the ordinary|out of the way|rare|singular|unprecedented|unexpected|surprising|strange|odd|queer|bizarre|freakish|anomalous|peculiar|inconsistent|deviant|divergent|aberrant|unheard of|out of the common|weird|way out|freaky|something else|seldom|unexampled


word: EXCEPTIONALISM
russian_word: исключительность
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the belief that something is exceptional, especially the theory that the peaceful capitalism of the US constitutes an exception to the general economic laws governing national historical development.


word: EXCEPTIONALLY
russian_word: исключительно
example: the weather was exceptionally mild for the time of the year
definition: to a greater degree than normal; unusually.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)nəli
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛpʃ(ə)nəli
synonyms:
unusually|uncommonly|abnormally|atypically|extraordinarily|unexpectedly|surprisingly|strangely|oddly|freakishly|weirdly|freakily|outstandingly|remarkably|exceedingly|especially|specially|phenomenally|prodigiously


word: EXCERPT
russian_word: выдержка
example: she read out excerpts from an article in the Times
definition: a short extract from a film, broadcast, or piece of music or writing.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
extract|part|section|piece|portion|fragment|snippet|clip|bit|selection|reading|citation|quotation|quote|line|paragraph|passage|scene|verse|stanza|canto|cite|pericope

phonetic:
mid 16th century (as a verb): from Latin excerpt- ‘plucked out’, from the verb excerpere, from ex- ‘out of’ + carpere ‘to pluck’.


word: EXCESS
russian_word: избыток
antonyms: dearth|lack
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛs
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛs|ɛkˈsɛs|ˈɛksɛs
example:
are you suffering from an excess of stress in your life?|bouts of alcoholic excess|we will deduct the excess from the loss and then pay up to the policy limit

definition:
an amount of something that is more than necessary, permitted, or desirable.|lack of moderation, especially in eating or drinking.|a part of an insurance claim to be paid by the insured.

synonyms:
surplus|surfeit|overabundance|superabundance|superfluity|oversufficiency|profusion|plethora|glut|too much|more than enough|enough and to spare|nimiety|remainder|rest|residue|remaining quantity|overflow|overspill|leftovers|remnants|leavings|extra|difference|residuum

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin excessus, from excedere ‘go out, surpass’ (see exceed).


word: EXCESSIVE
russian_word: чрезмерный
example: he was drinking excessive amounts of brandy
definition: more than is necessary, normal, or desirable; immoderate.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsɛsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsɛsɪv|ɛkˈsɛsɪv
synonyms:
immoderate|intemperate|imprudent|overindulgent|unrestrained|unrestricted|uncontrolled|uncurbed|unbridled|lavish|extravagant|superfluous|superabundant|exorbitant|extortionate|unreasonable|outrageous|undue|uncalled for|extreme|inordinate|unwarranted|unnecessary|needless|disproportionate|too much|over the top|OTT|a bit much

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French excessif, -ive, from medieval Latin excessivus, from Latin excedere ‘surpass’ (see exceed).


word: EXCESSIVELY
russian_word: чрезмерно
example: they don't drink excessively
definition: to a greater degree or in greater amounts than is necessary, normal, or desirable; inordinately.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ɛkˈsɛsɪvli
phonetics_text: ɛkˈsɛsɪvli
synonyms:
inordinately|unduly|unnecessarily|unreasonably|absurdly|ridiculously|overly|to too great a degree|extra|very|extremely|exceedingly|exceptionally|unusually|impossibly|illogically|irrationally|immoderately|intemperately|too much|overmuch|without restraint|without control|without reserve|too-too


word: EXCHANGE
russian_word: обмен
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ
phonetics_text: ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ|ɛksˈtʃeɪndʒ
example:
negotiations should lead to an exchange of land for peace|they provided me with currency exchange at competitive rates|there was a heated exchange

definition:
an act of giving one thing and receiving another (especially of the same kind) in return.|the changing of money to its equivalent in the currency of another country.|a short conversation or an argument.|short for telephone exchange.|a move or short sequence of moves in which both players capture material of comparable value, or particularly the exchange in which one captures a rook in return for a knight or bishop.

synonyms:
interchange|trade|trading|trade-off|swapping|barter|giving and taking|traffic|trafficking|bandying|reciprocity|truck

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French eschange (noun), eschangier (verb), based on changer (see change). The spelling was influenced by Latin ex- ‘out, utterly’ (see ex-1).


word: EXCHEQUER
russian_word: казначейство
example: an important source of revenue to the sultan's exchequer
definition: a royal or national treasury.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪksˈtʃɛkə
phonetics_text: ɪksˈtʃɛkə|ɛksˈtʃɛkə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French eschequier, from medieval Latin scaccarium ‘chessboard’, from scaccus (see check1). The original sense was ‘chessboard’. Current senses derive from the Norman department of state dealing with the royal revenues, named Exchequer from the chequered tablecloth on which accounts were kept by means of counters. The spelling was influenced by Latin ex- ‘out’ (see ex1). Compare with chequer.


word: EXCIMER
russian_word: эксимер
origin: 1960s: blend of excited and dimer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛksɪmə
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɪmə
definition:
an unstable excited molecule which is formed by the combination of two smaller molecules and rapidly dissociates with emission of radiation, utilized in some kinds of laser.


word: EXCIPIENT
russian_word: наполнитель
example: excipients are things like colouring agents, preservatives, and fillers
definition: an inactive substance that serves as the vehicle or medium for a drug or other active substance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɛkˈsɪpɪənt
phonetics_text: ɛkˈsɪpɪənt
origin:
early 18th century (as an adjective in the sense ‘that takes exception’): from Latin excipient- ‘taking out’, from the verb excipere .


word: EXCISE
russian_word: акцизный
example: the rate of excise duty on spirits
synonyms: duty|tax|levy|tariff|toll|tithe|customs|customs duties|mulct
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɛksʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɛksʌɪz
definition:
a tax levied on certain goods and commodities produced or sold within a country and on licences granted for certain activities.

origin:
late 15th century (in the general sense ‘a tax or toll’): from Middle Dutch excijs, accijs, perhaps based on Latin accensare ‘to tax’, from ad- ‘to’ + census ‘tax’ (see census).


word: EXCISEMAN
russian_word: акцизный чиновник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛksʌɪzmən
phonetics_text: ˈɛksʌɪzmən
definition:
an official responsible for collecting excise duty and preventing infringement of the excise laws (especially by smuggling).


word: EXCITABLE
russian_word: возбудимый
example: a rather excitable young man|these alkaloids act on nerve cells to make them more excitable
antonyms: placid
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsʌɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsʌɪtəb(ə)l|ɛkˈsʌɪtəb(ə)l
definition:
responding too readily to something new or stimulating; easily excited.|(of tissue or a cell) responsive to stimulation.

synonyms:
temperamental|mercurial|volatile|emotional|sensitive|highly strung|easily upset|easily agitated|easily frightened|unstable|nervous|tense|brittle|edgy|jumpy|twitchy|skittish|unsettled|uneasy|neurotic|tempestuous|hot-tempered|quick-tempered|hot-headed|passionate|fiery|irascible|testy|moody|touchy|snappy|uptight|wired|blowing hot and cold|stressy


word: EXCITATION
russian_word: возбуждение
example: a state of sexual excitation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛksɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛksɪˈteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the application of energy to something.|the action of exciting or the state of being excited; excitement.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from late Latin excitatio(n- ), from excitare ‘rouse, call forth’ (see excite).


word: EXCITE
russian_word: возбуждать
antonyms: bore|depress
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈsʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsʌɪt|ɛkˈsʌɪt
example:
flying still excites me|the ability to excite interest in others|the energy of an electron is sufficient to excite the atom

definition:
cause (someone) to feel very enthusiastic and eager.|give rise to (a feeling or reaction).|produce a state of increased energy or activity in (a physical or biological system).

synonyms:
thrill|exhilarate|animate|enliven|rouse|stir|move|stimulate|galvanize|electrify|fire the imagination of|fire the enthusiasm of|delight|enrapture|intoxicate|send|tickle|tickle someone pink|buck up|pep up|ginger up|give someone a buzz|give someone a kick|get someone going|light a fire under|give someone a charge|inspirit

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘incite someone to do something’): from Old French exciter or Latin excitare, frequentative of exciere ‘call out or forth’. excite (sense 1) dates from the mid 19th century.


word: EXCITED
russian_word: возбужденный
definition: very enthusiastic and eager.|of or in an energy state higher than the normal or ground state.
antonyms: indifferent|depressed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsʌɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsʌɪtɪd
example:
they were excited about the prospect|the excited atom returns to its former energy state and emits light or other radiation

synonyms:
thrilled|exhilarated|elevated|animated|enlivened|electrified|stirred|moved|delighted|exuberant|enraptured|intoxicated|feverish|enthusiastic|eager|high|high as a kite|fired up|tickled|tickled pink|full of beans|bright-eyed and bushy-tailed|peppy|sparky|turnt


word: EXCITEMENT
russian_word: волнение
example: her cheeks were flushed with excitement
definition: a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness.
antonyms: boredom|indifference
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈsʌɪtmənt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsʌɪtmənt
synonyms:
exhilaration|elation|animation|enthusiasm|eagerness|anticipation|feverishness|fever|delirium|agitation|emotion|fire|fieriness|intensity|zeal|zest|pep|vim|zing|spark


word: EXCITER
russian_word: возбудитель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈsʌɪtə
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsʌɪtə|ɛkˈsʌɪtə
definition:
a thing that produces excitation, in particular a device that provides a magnetizing current for the electromagnets in a motor or generator.


word: EXCITING
russian_word: захватывающий
example: one of the most exciting matches I've ever seen
definition: causing great enthusiasm and eagerness.
antonyms: boring
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈsʌɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪkˈsʌɪtɪŋ|ɛkˈsʌɪtɪŋ
synonyms:
thrilling|exhilarating|stirring|rousing|stimulating|intoxicating|electrifying|invigorating|moving|inspiring|gripping|compelling|sensational|powerful|dramatic|shocking|startling|hair-raising|explosive|knife-edge|cliffhanging|mind-blowing|edge-of-the-seat|stem-winding


word: EXCLAIM
russian_word: воскликнуть
example: ‘Well I never,’ she exclaimed
definition: cry out suddenly in surprise, strong emotion, or pain.
antonyms: mutter|whisper
origin: late 16th century: from French exclamer or Latin exclamare, from ex- ‘out’ + clamare ‘to shout’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈskleɪm
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskleɪm|ɛkˈskleɪm
synonyms:
cry out|cry|declare|come out with|burst out with|blurt out|utter suddenly|call|call out|shout|sing out|yell|shriek|scream|screech|roar|bellow|ejaculate|vociferate|ululate


word: EXCLAVE
russian_word: эксклав
origin: late 19th century: from ex-1 ‘out’ + a shortened form of enclave.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkskleɪv
phonetics_text: ˈɛkskleɪv
definition:
a portion of territory of one state completely surrounded by territory of another or others, as viewed by the home territory.


word: EXCLUDE
russian_word: исключать
definition: deny (someone) access to a place, group, or privilege.|remove from consideration.
antonyms: accept|admit
origin: late Middle English: from Latin excludere, from ex- ‘out’ + claudere ‘to shut’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈskluːd
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskluːd|ɛkˈskluːd
example:
the public were excluded from the board meeting|one cannot exclude the possibility of a fall in house prices

synonyms:
keep out|deny access to|shut out|debar|disbar|bar|ban|prohibit|put an embargo on|embargo|reject|blackball|ostracize|banish|cut out|freeze out|send to Coventry


word: EXCLUSION
russian_word: исключение
example: he had a hand in my exclusion from the committee
definition: the process of excluding or the state of being excluded.
antonyms: acceptance|admission|inclusion
origin: late Middle English: from Latin exclusio(n- ), from excludere ‘shut out’ (see exclude).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈskluːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskluːʒ(ə)n|ɛkˈskluːʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
barring|keeping out|debarment|debarring|disbarring|banning|ban|prohibition|embargo|rejection|ostracism|banishment|elimination|ruling out|factoring out|precluding|expulsion|removal|ejection|throwing out|suspension


word: EXCLUSIVE
russian_word: эксклюзивный
antonyms: partial
synonyms: complete|full|entire|whole|total|absolute
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪkˈskluːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskluːsɪv|ɛkˈskluːsɪv
example:
an exclusive focus on success and making money|the couple had exclusive possession of the flat|one of Britain's most exclusive clubs|prices are exclusive of VAT

definition:
excluding or not admitting other things.|restricted to the person, group, or area concerned.|catering for or available to only a few, select customers; high class and expensive.|not including.

origin:
late 15th century (as a noun denoting something that excludes): from medieval Latin exclusivus, from Latin excludere ‘shut out’ (see exclude).


word: EXCLUSIVITY
russian_word: исключительность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkskluːˈsɪvɪti
phonetics_text: ˌɛkskluːˈsɪvɪti
example:
these banks maintain their exclusivity by setting minimum entry standards|those inside the circle cultivate an air of exclusivity|the hotel's emphasis is on exclusivity and luxury

definition:
the practice of excluding or not admitting other things.|restriction to a particular person, group, or area.|the state of catering for or being affordable by only a few, select customers.


word: EXCOGITATE
russian_word: придумывать
example: all the rubrics, forms, and functions remained to be excogitated
definition: think out, plan, or devise.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪksˈkɒdʒɪteɪt
phonetics_text: ɪksˈkɒdʒɪteɪt|ɛksˈkɒdʒɪteɪt
origin:
early 16th century: from Latin excogitat- ‘found by process of thought’, from the verb excogitare, from ex- ‘out’ + cogitare ‘think’.


word: EXCOMMUNICATE
russian_word: отлучить от церкви
example: Martin Luther was excommunicated by the Pope
part_of_speech: verb|adjective|noun
definition:
officially exclude (someone) from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church.

phonetic:
late Middle English: from ecclesiastical Latin excommunicat- ‘excluded from communication with the faithful’, from the verb excommunicare, from ex- ‘out’ + Latin communis ‘common to all’, on the pattern of Latin communicare (see communicate).


word: EXCOMMUNICATION
russian_word: отлучение
example: he appealed against the papal sentence of excommunication
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛkskəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛkskəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of officially excluding someone from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church.


word: EXCORIATE
russian_word: ссадить
definition: damage or remove part of the surface of (the skin).|criticize (someone) severely.
antonyms: praise|approve of
synonyms: abrade|rub away|rub off|rub raw|scrape|scratch|chafe|damage|strip away|peel away|skin|decorticate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈskɔːrɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskɔːrɪeɪt|ɛkˈskɔːrɪeɪt
example:
the discharge is acrid and excoriates the skin of the nose|he excoriated the government for censorship

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin excoriat- ‘skinned’, from the verb excoriare, from ex- ‘out, from’ + corium ‘skin, hide’.


word: EXCREMENT
russian_word: экскременты
definition: waste matter discharged from the bowels; faeces.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛkskrɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɛkskrɪm(ə)nt
synonyms:
faeces|excreta|stools|droppings|waste matter|ordure|dung|manure|mess|muck|sewage|black water|poo|doo-doo|doings|caca|cack|whoopsies|jobbies|poop|night soil|sullage|egesta|shit|crap|turds

origin:
mid 16th century: from French excrément or Latin excrementum, from excernere ‘to sift out’ (see excrete).


word: EXCRESCENCE
russian_word: нарост
example: the males often have a strange excrescence on the tip of the snout
definition: a distinct outgrowth on a body or plant, resulting from disease or abnormality.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈskrɛs(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskrɛs(ə)ns|ɛkˈskrɛs(ə)ns
synonyms:
growth|lump|swelling|protuberance|protrusion|knob|nodule|outgrowth|wart|boil|pustule|carbuncle|tumour

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin excrescentia, from excrescere ‘grow out’, from ex- ‘out’ + crescere ‘grow’.


word: EXCRESCENT
russian_word: избыточный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈskrɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskrɛs(ə)nt|ɛkˈskrɛs(ə)nt
definition:
forming or constituting an excrescence.|(of a speech sound) added without etymological justification (e.g. the -t at the end of the surname Bryant ).


word: EXCRETA
russian_word: испражнения
definition: waste matter discharged from the body, especially faeces and urine.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈskriːtə
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskriːtə|ɛkˈskriːtə
origin:
mid 19th century: from Latin, ‘things sifted out’, neuter plural of excretus, past participle of excernere (see excrete).


word: EXCRETE
russian_word: выделять
example: excess bicarbonate is excreted by the kidney
antonyms: absorb|ingest
synonyms: expel|pass|void|discharge|eject|evacuate|eliminate|exude|emit|defecate|urinate|egest
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈskriːt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskriːt|ɛkˈskriːt
definition:
(of a living organism or cell) separate and expel as waste (a substance, especially a product of metabolism).

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin excret- ‘sifted out’, from the verb excernere, from ex- ‘out’ + cernere ‘sift’.


word: EXCRETION
russian_word: выделение
definition: (in living organisms and cells) the process of eliminating or expelling waste matter.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈskriːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskriːʃ(ə)n|ɛkˈskriːʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 17th century: from French excrétion or Latin excretio(n- ), from excernere ‘sift out’ (see excrete).


word: EXCRUCIATE
russian_word: мучить
example: I stand back, excruciated by the possibility
definition: torment (someone) physically or mentally.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɪkˈskruːʃɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskruːʃɪeɪt|ɛkˈskruːʃɪeɪt
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin excruciat- ‘tormented’, from the verb excruciare (based on crux, cruc- ‘a cross’).


word: EXCRUCIATING
russian_word: мучительный
example: excruciating back pain
definition: intensely painful.
antonyms: slight|mild
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈskruːʃɪeɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskruːʃɪeɪtɪŋ
synonyms:
agonizing|extremely painful|severe|acute|intense|extreme|savage|violent|racking|searing|piercing|stabbing|raging|harrowing|tormenting|grievous|dreadful|awful|terrible|unbearable|unendurable|more than one can bear|splitting|thumping|pounding|killing|exquisite


word: EXCULPATE
russian_word: оправдывать
example: the article exculpated the mayor
definition: show or declare that (someone) is not guilty of wrongdoing.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛkskʌlpeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛkskʌlpeɪt
origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin exculpat- ‘freed from blame’, from the verb exculpare, from ex- ‘out, from’ + Latin culpa ‘blame’.


word: EXCURSION
russian_word: экскурсия
synonyms: trip|outing|jaunt|expedition|journey|tour|day trip|day out|drive|run|ride|junket|spin|hop|hurl
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪkˈskəːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskəːʃ(ə)n|ɛkˈskəːʃ(ə)n
example:
an excursion to London Zoo|the firm's disastrous excursion into the US electrical market|large excursions of the hip and knee joint

definition:
a short journey or trip, especially one taken as a leisure activity.|a deviation from a regular activity or course.|a movement of something along a path or through an angle.

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘act of running out’, also ‘sortie’ in the phrase alarums and excursions (see alarum): from Latin excursio(n- ), from the verb excurrere ‘run out’, from ex- ‘out’ + currere ‘to run’.


word: EXCURSIVE
russian_word: беспорядочный
definition: tending to deviate from a course or activity; digressive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪkˈskəːsɪv
phonetics_text: ɪkˈskəːsɪv|ɛkˈskəːsɪv
origin:
late 17th century: from Latin excurs- ‘digressed, run out’ (from the verb excurrere ) + -ive, perhaps influenced by discursive .


word: EXCUSE
russian_word: оправдание
antonyms: condemn
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
he did nothing to hide or excuse Jacob's cruelty|it will not be possible to excuse you from attendance

definition:
seek to lessen the blame attaching to (a fault or offence); try to justify.|release (someone) from a duty or requirement.

synonyms:
justify|defend|make excuses for|make a case for|explain (away)|rationalize|condone|vindicate|warrant|mitigate|palliate|apologize for|forgive|overlook|disregard|ignore|pass over|turn a blind eye to|turn a deaf ear to|wink at|blink at|indulge|tolerate|sanction|extenuate

phonetic:
Middle English: from Old French escuser (verb), from Latin excusare ‘to free from blame’, from ex- ‘out’ + causa ‘accusation, cause’.


word: EXEAT
russian_word: разрешение на отлучку
definition: a permission from a college, boarding school, or other institution for temporary absence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛksɪat
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɪat
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin, ‘let him or her go out’, third person singular present subjunctive of exire (see exit).


word: EXECRABLE
russian_word: отвратительный
example: execrable cheap wine
definition: extremely bad or unpleasant.
antonyms: good|admirable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɛksɪkrəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɪkrəb(ə)l
synonyms:
appalling|awful|dreadful|terrible|frightful|atrocious|very bad|lamentable|disgusting|deplorable|disgraceful|reprehensible|shameful|abominable|abhorrent|loathsome|odious|heinous|hateful|detestable|despicable|foul|vile|scandalous|contemptible|repugnant|repellent|revolting|unspeakable|wretched|abysmal|diabolical|shocking|rotten|woeful|lousy|dire|the pits|godawful|tenth-rate|chronic|pants|a load of pants|egregious|crap|shit

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘expressing or involving a curse’): via Old French from Latin execrabilis, from exsecrari ‘to curse’ (see execrate).


word: EXECRATE
russian_word: проклинать
example: they were execrated as dangerous and corrupt
definition: feel or express great loathing for.|curse; swear.
antonyms: praise|adore
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛksɪkreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɪkreɪt
synonyms:
revile|denounce|decry|condemn|vilify|detest|loathe|hate|abhor|abominate|despise|regard with disgust|feel disgust for|feel aversion/revulsion to|excoriate|anathematize|vilipend

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin exsecrat- ‘cursed’, from the verb exsecrari, based on sacrare ‘dedicate’ (from sacer ‘sacred’).


word: EXECUTANT
russian_word: исполнитель
example: executants of the royal will
definition: a person who puts something into effect.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɛkjʊt(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɛkjʊt(ə)nt|ɛɡˈzɛkjʊt(ə)nt
origin:
mid 19th century: from French exécutant ‘carrying out’, present participle of exécuter (see execute).


word: EXECUTE
russian_word: выполнять
example: the corporation executed a series of financial deals|he was convicted of treason and executed
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈɛksɪkjuːt
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɪkjuːt
definition:
put (a plan, order, or course of action) into effect.|carry out a sentence of death on (a legally condemned person).

synonyms:
carry out|accomplish|perform|implement|effect|bring off|bring about|achieve|carry off|carry through|complete|enact|enforce|put into effect|put into practice|do|discharge|prosecute|engineer|administer|attain|realize|fulfil|perpetrate|pull off|swing|cut|acquit oneself of|effectuate

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French executer, from medieval Latin executare, from Latin exsequi ‘follow up, punish’, from ex- ‘out’ + sequi ‘follow’.


word: EXECUTION
russian_word: выполнение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃ(ə)n
example:
he was fascinated by the entire operation and its execution|the execution of juveniles is prohibited by international law

definition:
the carrying out of a plan, order, or course of action.|the carrying out of a sentence of death on a condemned person.

synonyms:
implementation|carrying out|accomplishment|performance|effecting|bringing off|bringing about|achievement|carrying off|carrying through|completion|enactment|enforcement|discharge|prosecution|engineering|attainment|realization|fulfilment|perpetration


word: EXECUTIVE
russian_word: исполнительный
example: an executive chairman
definition: relating to or having the power to put plans or actions into effect.
origin: late Middle English: from medieval Latin executivus, from exsequi (see execute).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv|ɛɡˈzɛkjʊtɪv
synonyms:
administrative|decision-making|directorial|directing|controlling|managerial|law-making|regulating|professional|white-collar


word: EXECUTOR
russian_word: исполнитель
example: Hugh appointed him an executor of his will|the makers and executors of policy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtə
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɛkjʊtə|ɛɡˈzɛkjʊtə
definition:
a person or institution appointed by a testator to carry out the terms of their will.|a person who produces something or puts something into effect.

origin:
Middle English: via Anglo-Norman French from Latin execut- ‘carried out’, from exsequi (see execute).


word: EXEDRA
russian_word: экседра
origin: Latin, from Greek ex- ‘out of’ + hedra ‘seat’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɛksɪdrə
phonetics_text: ˈɛksɪdrə|ɪkˈsiːdrə|ɛkˈsiːdrə
definition:
a room, portico, or arcade with a bench or seats where people may converse, especially in ancient Roman and Greek buildings.


word: EXEGESIS
russian_word: толкование
example: the task of biblical exegesis
definition: critical explanation or interpretation of a text, especially of scripture.
synonyms: interpretation|explanation|exposition|explication|elucidation|clarification|gloss|annotation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs
origin:
early 17th century: from Greek exēgēsis, from exēgeisthai ‘interpret’, from ex- ‘out of’ + hēgeisthai ‘to guide, lead’.


word: EXEMPLAR
russian_word: образец
example: the place is an exemplar of multicultural Britain
definition: a person or thing serving as a typical example or appropriate model.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɛmplə
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɛmplə|ɛɡˈzɛmplə
synonyms:
epitome|perfect example|shining example|model|paragon|ideal|type|exemplification|definitive example|textbook example|embodiment|essence|quintessence|paradigm|archetype|prototype|pattern|blueprint|standard|criterion|benchmark|yardstick|byword|avatar

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French exemplaire, from late Latin exemplarium, from Latin exemplum ‘sample, imitation’ (see example).


word: EXEMPLARY
russian_word: образцовый
example: exemplary behaviour|exemplary sentencing may discourage the violent minority
definition: serving as a desirable model; very good.|(of a punishment) serving as a warning or deterrent.
antonyms: deplorable|unworthy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɪɡˈzɛmpləri
phonetics_text: ɪɡˈzɛmpləri|ɛɡˈzɛmpləri
synonyms:
perfect|ideal|model|faultless|without fault|copybook|flawless|impeccable|consummate|excellent|outstanding|exceptional|admirable|fine|very good|commendable|laudable|praiseworthy|meritorious|honourable|estimable|above/beyond reproach|blameless|irreproachable|unimpeachable|applaudable

origin:
late 16th century: from late Latin exemplaris, from Latin exemplum ‘sample, imitation’ (see example).


