# Dictionary_data_final

word: SPANDREL
russian_word: пазуха свода
origin: late Middle English: perhaps from Anglo-Norman French spaund(e)re, or from espaundre ‘expand’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspandrɪl
phonetics_text: ˈspandrɪl
definition:
the almost triangular space between one side of the outer curve of an arch, a wall, and the ceiling or framework.


word: SPANGLE
russian_word: стеклярус
example: we were dressed for the show in leotards covered with silver spangles
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspaŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspaŋɡ(ə)l
definition:
a small thin piece of glittering material, typically sewn as one of many on clothing for decoration; a sequin.

origin:
late Middle English: diminutive from obsolete spang  ‘glittering ornament’, from Middle Dutch spange ‘buckle’.


word: SPANK
russian_word: шлепок
example: she was spanked for spilling ink on the carpet
definition: slap with one's open hand or a flat object, especially on the buttocks as a punishment.
origin: early 18th century: perhaps imitative.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spaŋk
phonetics_text: spaŋk
synonyms:
smack|slap|slipper|put someone over one's knee|thrash|cane|belt|leather|cuff|wallop|whack|lather|give someone a hiding|give someone a hot bottom|warm someone's bottom|give someone a licking|scud|skelp|tan|tan/whip someone's hide


word: SPANKER
russian_word: рысак
example: that's a spanker of an idea!
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspaŋkə
phonetics_text: ˈspaŋkə
definition:
a fore-and-aft sail set on the after side of a ship's mast, especially the mizzenmast.|a very fine person or thing.


word: SPAR
russian_word: шпат
definition: a thick, strong pole such as is used for a mast or yard on a ship.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɑː
phonetics_text: spɑː
origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French esparre, or from Old Norse sperra ; related to Dutch spar and German Sparren .


word: SPARABLE
russian_word: мелкий сапожный гвоздь
definition: a headless nail used for the soles and heels of shoes.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsparəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsparəb(ə)l
origin:
early 17th century: contraction of sparrow-bill (in the same sense), with reference to the nail's shape.


word: SPARE
russian_word: запасной
definition: additional to what is required for ordinary use.|with no excess fat; thin.|elegantly simple.
antonyms: principal|useful|required
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: spɛː
phonetics_text: spɛː
example:
few people had spare cash for inessentials|a spare, bearded figure|her clothes are smart and spare in style

synonyms:
extra|supplementary|additional|second|another|alternative|emergency|reserve|backup|relief|fallback|substitute|fresh|auxiliary|ancillary|alternate|surplus|surplus to requirements|superfluous|too much/many|supernumerary|excessive|in excess|going begging|redundant|not required|unnecessary|inessential|unessential|needless|unneeded|uncalled for|dispensable|disposable|expendable|unwanted|useless|de trop

origin:
Old English spær  ‘not plentiful, meagre’, sparian  ‘refrain from injuring’, ‘refrain from using’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German sparen ‘to spare’.


word: SPARGE
russian_word: брызгать
example: the grains are sparged
definition: moisten by sprinkling with water, especially in brewing.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɑːdʒ
phonetics_text: spɑːdʒ
origin:
late 16th century (as a verb in the sense ‘sprinkle (water) about’): apparently from Latin spargere ‘to sprinkle’. The current senses date from the early 19th century.


word: SPARING
russian_word: умеренный
example: physicians advised sparing use of the ointment
definition: moderate; economical.
antonyms: extravagant|lavish
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɛːrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈspɛːrɪŋ
synonyms:
thrifty|economical|frugal|canny|careful|prudent|cautious|abstemious|saving|energy-efficient|energy-saving|fuel-efficient|fuel-saving|scrimping|parsimonious|miserly|niggardly|close-fisted|penny-pinching|cheese-paring|ungenerous|penurious|illiberal|close|grasping|Scrooge-like|stinting|mean|stingy|tight-fisted|tight|mingy|money-grubbing|skinflinty|cheap|near|tight-arsed|tight as a duck's arse|tight-assed


word: SPARK
russian_word: искра
origin: Old English spærca, spearca, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spɑːk
phonetics_text: spɑːk
example:
a log fire was sending sparks on to the rug|a tiny spark of anger flared within her|I know a Sparks so I'll get him to look over it

definition:
a small fiery particle thrown off from a fire, alight in ashes, or produced by striking together two hard surfaces such as stone or metal.|a small amount of a quality or intense feeling.|used as a nickname for a radio operator or an electrician, especially in the armed forces.

synonyms:
particle|iota|jot|whit|glimmer|flicker|atom|speck|bit|trace|vestige|ounce|shred|crumb|morsel|fragment|grain|drop|spot|mite|tittle|jot or tittle|modicum|hint|touch|suggestion|whisper|suspicion|scintilla|smidgen|smidge|tad|stim|scantling|scruple


word: SPARKLE
russian_word: блеск
example: her earrings sparkled as she turned her head|after a glass of wine, she began to sparkle
definition: shine brightly with flashes of light.|be vivacious and witty.
antonyms: dull|matte
origin: Middle English: frequentative (verb) or diminutive (noun) of spark1.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈspɑːk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspɑːk(ə)l
synonyms:
glitter|glint|glisten|twinkle|flicker|flash|blink|wink|shimmer|dance|shine|gleam|glow|glister|coruscate|fulgurate|effulge|glittering|glinting|glistening|scintillating|twinkling|coruscating|flickering|flashing|shimmering|shimmery|bright|brilliant|iridescent|opalescent|lustrous|dancing|shining|gleaming|glowing|glistering|coruscant|fulgurating|effulgent|scintillant


word: SPARKLER
russian_word: бенгальский огонь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɑːklə
phonetics_text: ˈspɑːklə
definition:
a handheld firework that emits sparks.|a gemstone, especially a diamond.|a sparkling wine.|a nozzle attached to the spout on a beer pump to give the beer a frothy head.


word: SPARKLING
russian_word: сверкающий
example: her sparkling blue eyes|sparkling wine
definition: shining brightly with flashes of light.|(of a drink) effervescent; fizzy.
antonyms: still|flat
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɑːk(ə)lɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈspɑːk(ə)lɪŋ|ˈspɑːklɪŋ
synonyms:
effervescent|fizzy|carbonated|aerated|gassy|bubbly|bubbling|fizzing|foaming|frothy|mousseux|pétillant|spumante|frizzante|Schaum-|Perl-


word: SPARROW
russian_word: воробей
origin: Old English spearwa, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsparəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈsparəʊ
definition:
a small Old World bird related to the weaver birds, typically with brown and grey plumage.|any of a number of birds that resemble true sparrows in size or colour.


word: SPARSE
russian_word: редкий
example: areas of sparse population
definition: thinly dispersed or scattered.
antonyms: abundant|plentiful|thick
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spɑːs
phonetics_text: spɑːs
synonyms:
scanty|scant|scattered|thinly distributed|scarce|infrequent|sporadic|few and far between|meagre|paltry|skimpy|limited|in short supply|at a premium|hard to come by|slight|thin

origin:
early 18th century (used to describe writing in the sense ‘widely spaced’): from Latin sparsus, past participle of spargere ‘scatter’.


word: SPARTAN
russian_word: спартанский
example: the accommodation was fairly spartan
definition: showing or characterized by austerity or a lack of comfort or luxury.
antonyms: luxurious|opulent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɑːt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈspɑːt(ə)n
synonyms:
austere|harsh|hard|frugal|stringent|rigorous|arduous|strict|stern|severe|rigid|ascetic|abstemious|self-denying|hair-shirt|bleak|joyless|grim|bare|stark|uncomfortable|simple|plain

origin:
mid 17th century: from Spartan1, because the inhabitants of Sparta were traditionally held to be indifferent to comfort or luxury.


word: SPASM
russian_word: спазм
example: shifting heavy loads without help brought on muscular back spasms
definition: a sudden involuntary muscular contraction or convulsive movement.
synonyms: convulsion|contraction|throes|cramp|twitch|jerk|tic|start|shudder|shiver|tremor|tremble
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspaz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈspaz(ə)m
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French spasme, or via Latin from Greek spasmos, spasma, from span ‘pull’.


word: SPASMODIC
russian_word: спастический
example: spasmodic fighting continued|a spasmodic cough
origin: late 17th century: from modern Latin spasmodicus, from Greek spasmōdēs, from spasma (see spasm).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spazˈmɒdɪk
phonetics_text: spazˈmɒdɪk
definition:
occurring or done in brief, irregular bursts.|caused by, subject to, or in the nature of a spasm or spasms.

synonyms:
intermittent|fitful|irregular|sporadic|erratic|occasional|infrequent|scattered|patchy|isolated|odd|uneven|periodic|periodical|recurring|recurrent|on and off


word: SPATCHCOCK
russian_word: наспех вставлять
definition: a chicken or game bird split open and grilled.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspatʃkɒk
phonetics_text: ˈspatʃkɒk
origin:
late 18th century (originally an Irish usage): perhaps related to the noun dispatch + cock1, but compare with spitchcock.


word: SPATE
russian_word: поток
example: a spate of attacks on holidaymakers
definition: a large number of similar things coming in quick succession.|a sudden flood in a river.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: speɪt
phonetics_text: speɪt
synonyms:
series|succession|run|cluster|string|outbreak|rash|epidemic|explosion|plague|wave|flurry|rush|flood|deluge|torrent|outpouring

origin:
late Middle English (originally Scots and northern English in the sense ‘flood, inundation’): of unknown origin.


word: SPATHE
russian_word: Покрывало
origin: late 18th century: via Latin from Greek spathē ‘broad blade’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: speɪð
phonetics_text: speɪð
definition:
a large sheathing bract enclosing the flower cluster of certain plants, especially the spadix of arums and palms.


word: SPATTER
russian_word: брызги
example: passing vehicles spattered his shoes and trousers with mud
definition: cover with drops or spots of something.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈspatə
phonetics_text: ˈspatə
synonyms:
splash|bespatter|splatter|spray|sprinkle|spritz|shower|speck|speckle|fleck|mottle|blotch|smear|stain|mark|dirty|soil|daub|cover|splotch|splodge|slabber|besprinkle|bedabble

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘splutter while speaking’): frequentative, from a base shared by Dutch, Low German spatten ‘burst, spout’.


word: SPATULA
russian_word: шпатель
origin: early 16th century: from Latin, variant of spathula, diminutive of spatha (see spathe).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspatjʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈspatjʊlə
definition:
an implement with a broad, flat, blunt blade, used for mixing and spreading things, especially in cooking and painting.|a thin, flat wooden or metal instrument used in medical examinations, for holding down the tongue or taking cell samples.


word: SPAWN
russian_word: икра
example: the fish spawn among fine-leaved plants|why had she married a man who could spawn a boy like that?
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɔːn
phonetics_text: spɔːn
definition:
(of a fish, frog, mollusc, crustacean, etc.) release or deposit eggs.|(of a person) produce (offspring).

origin:
late Middle English: shortening of Anglo-Norman French espaundre ‘to shed roe’, variant of Old French espandre ‘pour out’, from Latin expandere ‘expand’.


word: SPAY
russian_word: удалять яичники
example: the animals must be spayed or neutered before they are given up for adoption
definition: sterilize (a female animal) by removing the ovaries.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: speɪ
phonetics_text: speɪ
origin:
late Middle English: shortening of Old French espeer ‘cut with a sword’, from espee ‘sword’, from Latin spatha (see spathe).


word: SPEAK
russian_word: говорить
example: in his agitation he was unable to speak|his frame spoke tiredness|the gun spoke again
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: spiːk
phonetics_text: spiːk
definition:
say something in order to convey information or to express a feeling.|(of behaviour, an object, etc.) serve as evidence for something.|(of a musical instrument or other object) make a sound when functioning.

synonyms:
talk|say (anything/something)|utter|state|declare|tell|voice|express|pronounce|articulate|enunciate|vocalize|verbalize|enounce

origin:
Old English sprecan, later specan, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch spreken and German sprechen .


word: SPEAKER
russian_word: спикер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspiːkə
phonetics_text: ˈspiːkə
example:
language communication involves the interrelation between speaker and hearer|the two speakers let the netbook feature stereo sound

definition:
a person who speaks.|the presiding officer in a legislative assembly, especially the House of Commons.|short for loudspeaker.


word: SPEAKERSHIP
russian_word: должность спикера
example: some threatened to undermine his bid to win the speakership by voting against him
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspiːkəʃɪp
phonetics_text: ˈspiːkəʃɪp
definition:
the office or position of the presiding officer in a legislative assembly, especially the House of Commons.


word: SPEAK OF
russian_word: упоминать
example: she spoke of her memories of the early days|everything in the house spoke of hard times and neglect
definition: mention or discuss something in speech or writing.|serve as evidence for something.
synonyms:
mention|make mention of|talk about|discuss|refer to|make reference to|bring in|introduce|remark on|comment on|allude to|advert to|deal with|treat


word: SPEAK OUT
russian_word: высказаться
example: the government will be forthright in speaking out against human rights abuses
definition: express one's feelings or opinions frankly and publicly.
synonyms:
speak publicly|speak openly|speak boldly|speak frankly|speak one's mind|sound off|spout off|go on|stand up and be counted


word: SPEAK TO
russian_word: обращаться к
example: she tried to speak to John about his drinking|the Church wants to speak to real issues
definition: talk to someone in order to tell off or advise them.|discuss or comment on something formally.
synonyms:
reprimand|rebuke|admonish|chastise|chide|upbraid|reprove|reproach|scold|remonstrate with|berate|take to task|pull up|castigate|lambast|read someone the Riot Act|haul over the coals|lecture|criticize|censure|tell off|give someone a talking-to|give someone a telling-off|dress down|give someone a dressing-down|give someone an earful|give someone a roasting|give someone a rocket|give someone a rollicking|rap|rap over the knuckles|slap someone's wrist|let someone have it|bawl out|give someone hell|come down on|blow up|pitch into|lay into|lace into|give someone a caning|put on the mat|slap down|blast|rag|keelhaul|tick off|have a go at|carpet|monster|give someone a mouthful|tear someone off a strip|give someone what for|give someone stick|wig|give someone a wigging|give someone a row|row|chew out|ream out|call down|rate|give someone a rating|trim|reprehend|objurgate|bollock|give someone a bollocking|tear someone a new arsehole|rip someone a new arsehole|chew someone's ass|ream someone's ass|tear someone a new asshole|rip someone a new asshole


word: SPEAK UP
russian_word: высказываться
definition: speak more loudly.|express one's opinions frankly and openly.
example:
We can't hear you. Speak up!|teachers are aware of the problems, but don't have the courage to speak up

synonyms:
speak (more) loudly|speak out|speak clearly|raise one's voice|shout|yell|bellow|call at the top of one's voice|holler


word: SPEAR
russian_word: копье
example: smoked salmon wrapped around asparagus spears
origin: Old English spere, of Germanic origin; compare with Dutch speer and German Speer .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spɪə
phonetics_text: spɪə
definition:
a weapon with a pointed tip, typically of steel, and a long shaft, used for thrusting or throwing.|a plant shoot, especially a pointed stem of asparagus or broccoli.


word: SPECIAL
russian_word: специальный
example: they always made a special effort at Christmas|we want to preserve our town's special character
antonyms: ordinary
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈspɛʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspɛʃ(ə)l
definition:
better, greater, or otherwise different from what is usual.|belonging specifically to a particular person or place.|denoting a group consisting of matrices of unit determinant.

synonyms:
exceptional|particular|extra special|unusual|marked|singular|uncommon|notable|noteworthy|remarkable|outstanding|unique|spesh|momentous|significant|memorable|of moment|signal|important|historic|festive|gala|red-letter

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French especial ‘especial’ or Latin specialis, from species ‘appearance’ (see species).


word: SPECIAL EDITION
russian_word: экстренный выпуск
example: a special edition of the Observer
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an edition of a newspaper, magazine, television programme, etc. which differs from the usual format, especially in concentrating on one particularly important story.


word: SPECIALIST
russian_word: специалист
example: he is a specialist in psychometric testing
antonyms: generalist|amateur|dunce
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈspɛʃ(ə)lɪst
phonetics_text: ˈspɛʃ(ə)lɪst
definition:
a person who concentrates primarily on a particular subject or activity; a person highly skilled in a specific and restricted field.

synonyms:
expert|authority|pundit|professional|consultant|connoisseur|fancier|master|maestro|adept|virtuoso|old hand|skilled person|pro|buff|ace|whizz|wizard|hotshot|ninja|alpha geek|dab hand|maven|crackerjack|proficient


word: SPECIALITY
russian_word: специальность
example: his speciality was watercolours
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspɛʃɪˈalɪti
phonetics_text: ˌspɛʃɪˈalɪti
definition:
a pursuit, area of study, or skill to which someone has devoted much time and effort and in which they are expert.|a branch of medicine or surgery.|a contract under seal.

synonyms:
forte|strong point|strength|métier|long suit|strong suit|talent|skill|bent|gift|claim to fame|department|pièce de résistance|bag|thing|cup of tea

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the quality of being special or distinctive): from Old French especialite or late Latin specialitas, from Latin specialis (see special).


word: SPECIE
russian_word: металлические деньги
example: the Bank of England in 1795 had held around £8 million in specie
definition: money in the form of coins rather than notes.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspiːʃiː
phonetics_text: ˈspiːʃiː|ˈspiːʃi
origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin, ablative of species ‘form, kind’, in the phrase in specie ‘in the actual form’.


word: SPECIES
russian_word: вид
example: a species of invective at once tough and suave
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, literally ‘appearance, form, beauty’, from specere ‘to look’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspiːʃiːz
phonetics_text: ˈspiːʃiːz|ˈspiːʃɪz|ˈspiːsiːz
definition:
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomial, e.g. Homo sapiens.|a kind or sort.|the visible form of each of the elements of consecrated bread and wine in the Eucharist.

synonyms:
type|kind|sort|genus|family|order|breed|race|strain|variety|class|category|classification|style|manner|design|shape|form|pattern|group|set|bracket|genre|rank|generation|vintage|make|model|brand


word: SPECIFIC
russian_word: удельный
antonyms: general
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: spəˈsɪfɪk
phonetics_text: spəˈsɪfɪk
example:
savings were made by increasing the electricity supply only until it met specific development needs|the differences between them can only be on the specific level|specific dielectric strength

definition:
clearly defined or identified.|relating to species or a species.|(of a duty or a tax) levied at a fixed rate per physical unit of the thing taxed, regardless of its price.|of or denoting a number equal to the ratio of the value of some property of a given substance to the value of the same property of some other substance used as a reference, such as water, or of a vacuum, under equivalent conditions.

synonyms:
particular|specified|certain|fixed|set|determined|distinct|separate|definite|single|individual|peculiar|discrete|express|precise

origin:
mid 17th century (originally in the sense ‘having a special determining quality’): from late Latin specificus, from Latin species (see species).


word: SPECIFICALLY
russian_word: конкретно
definition: in a way that is exact and clear; precisely.|in a way that relates to species.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: spəˈsɪfɪkli
phonetics_text: spəˈsɪfɪkli
example:
a workman called at the time I specifically stated I would not be in|there are three genera in common, but these differ specifically


word: SPECIFICATION
russian_word: спецификация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
give a full specification of the job advertised|one of the telescope's mirrors had been manufactured to incorrect specifications

definition:
an act of identifying something precisely or of stating a precise requirement.|a detailed description of the design and materials used to make something.

synonyms:
statement|stating|naming|identification|definition|defining|describing|description|setting out|setting down|framing|itemizing|designation|designating|detailing|listing|spelling out|enumeration|enumerating|particularizing|cataloguing|citing|instancing|stipulating|stipulation|prescribing|prescription|commanding|ordaining|individuation

origin:
late 16th century: from medieval Latin specificatio(n- ), from late Latin specificare (see specify).


word: SPECIFY
russian_word: указывать
example: the coup leader promised an election but did not specify a date
definition: identify clearly and definitely.
origin: Middle English: from Old French specifier or late Latin specificare (see specific).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈspɛsɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈspɛsɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
state|name|identify|define|describe|set out|set down|draw up|frame|itemize|designate|detail|list|spell out|enumerate|particularize|catalogue|cite|instance|be specific about|stipulate|prescribe|order|command|ordain|individuate


word: SPECIMEN
russian_word: образец
origin: early 17th century (in the sense ‘pattern, model’): from Latin, from specere ‘to look’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛsɪmɪn
phonetics_text: ˈspɛsɪmɪn
example:
specimens of copper ore|Carla could not help feeling a degree of reluctant admiration for this odd female specimen

definition:
an individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc. used as an example of its species or type for scientific study or display.|used to refer humorously to a person or animal.


word: SPECIOUS
russian_word: показной
example: a specious argument
definition: superficially plausible, but actually wrong.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspiːʃəs
phonetics_text: ˈspiːʃəs
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘beautiful’): from Latin speciosus ‘fair’, from species (see species).


word: SPECKLE
russian_word: крапинка
example: it has white speckles on its forewing
definition: a small spot or patch of colour.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspɛk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspɛk(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (as a noun): from Middle Dutch spekkel ; the verb (late 16th century) from the noun or a back-formation from speckled .


word: SPECTACLE
russian_word: зрелище
example: the acrobatic feats make a good spectacle
definition: a visually striking performance or display.
synonyms: display|show|performance|presentation|exhibition|pageant|parade|extravaganza
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛktək(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspɛktək(ə)l
origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin spectaculum ‘public show’, from spectare, frequentative of specere ‘to look’.


word: SPECTACULAR
russian_word: захватывающий
example: spectacular mountain scenery
definition: beautiful in a dramatic and eye-catching way.
antonyms: dull
origin: late 17th century: from spectacle, on the pattern of words such as oracular .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: spɛkˈtakjʊlə
phonetics_text: spɛkˈtakjʊlə
synonyms:
striking|picturesque|eye-catching|breathtaking|arresting|amazing|glorious|out of this world|amazeballs


word: SPECTATOR
russian_word: зритель
example: around fifteen thousand spectators came to watch the thrills and spills
definition: a person who watches at a show, game, or other event.
antonyms: participant|player
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɛkˈteɪtə
phonetics_text: spɛkˈteɪtə
synonyms:
onlooker|watcher|looker-on|fly on the wall|viewer|observer|witness|eyewitness|bystander|non-participant|sightseer|commentator|reporter|monitor|blogger|rubberneck|beholder

origin:
late 16th century: from French spectateur or Latin spectator, from spectare ‘gaze at, observe’ (see spectacle).


word: SPECTRAL
russian_word: спектральный
example: a spectral, menacing face
definition: of or like a ghost.
origin: early 19th century: from spectre + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɛktr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspɛktr(ə)l
synonyms:
ghostly|wraithlike|shadowy|phantom|incorporeal|insubstantial|disembodied|unearthly|other-worldly|ghastly|eerie|weird|uncanny|spooky|phantasmal|phantasmic


word: SPECTRE
russian_word: призрак
example: a dread of spectres and witches affected every aspect of daily life
definition: a ghost.
origin: early 17th century: from French spectre or Latin spectrum (see spectrum).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛktə
phonetics_text: ˈspɛktə
synonyms:
ghost|phantom|apparition|spirit|wraith|shadow|presence|illusion|bodach|doppelgänger|duppy|spook|phantasm|shade|revenant|wight|eidolon|manes


word: SPECTROSCOPY
russian_word: спектроскопия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɛkˈtrɒskəpi
phonetics_text: spɛkˈtrɒskəpi
definition:
the branch of science concerned with the investigation and measurement of spectra produced when matter interacts with or emits electromagnetic radiation.


word: SPECTRUM
russian_word: спектр
example: the left or the right of the political spectrum
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛktrəm
phonetics_text: ˈspɛktrəm
definition:
a band of colours, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction according to wavelength.|used to classify something in terms of its position on a scale between two extreme points.

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘spectre’): from Latin, literally ‘image, apparition’, from specere ‘to look’.


word: SPECULAR
russian_word: зеркальный
definition: relating to or having the properties of a mirror.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɛkjʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈspɛkjʊlə
origin:
late 16th century (in specular stone, a substance formerly used as glass): from Latin specularis, from speculum (see speculum).


word: SPECULATE
russian_word: спекулировать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈspɛkjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspɛkjʊleɪt
example:
my colleagues speculate about my private life|he didn't look as though he had the money to speculate in shares

definition:
form a theory or conjecture about a subject without firm evidence.|invest in stocks, property, or other ventures in the hope of gain but with the risk of loss.

synonyms:
conjecture|theorize|form theories|hypothesize|make suppositions|postulate|guess|make guesses|surmise|think|wonder|muse

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin speculat- ‘observed from a vantage point’, from the verb speculari, from specula ‘watchtower’, from specere ‘to look’.


word: SPECULATION
russian_word: спекуляция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspɛkjʊˈleɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌspɛkjʊˈleɪʃn
example:
there has been widespread speculation that he plans to quit|the company's move into property speculation

definition:
the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence.|investment in stocks, property, etc. in the hope of gain but with the risk of loss.

synonyms:
conjecture|theorizing|hypothesizing|supposition|guesswork|talk|theory|hypothesis|thesis|postulation|guess|surmise|opinion|notion|prediction|forecast|guesstimate|gamble|venture|risk|gambling|investment|spec|flutter|adventure


word: SPECULATIVE
russian_word: спекулятивный
antonyms: proven
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɛkjʊlətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈspɛkjʊlətɪv
example:
he gave her a speculative glance|the bonuses cannot be put at risk due to some speculative investment

definition:
engaged in, expressing, or based on conjecture rather than knowledge.|(of an investment) involving a high risk of loss.

synonyms:
conjectural|suppositional|theoretical|hypothetical|based on guesswork|putative|academic|notional|abstract|tentative|unproven|untested|unfounded|groundless|unsubstantiated|ideational|suppositious|suppositive


word: SPECULATOR
russian_word: спекулянт
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛkjuːleɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈspɛkjuːleɪtə
example:
financial speculators exploiting small changes in markets to make money|the opinions of philosophical speculators

definition:
a person who invests in stocks, property, or other ventures in the hope of making a profit.|a person who forms a theory or conjecture about a subject without firm evidence.


word: SPECULUM
russian_word: зеркало
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, literally ‘mirror’, from specere ‘to look’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛkjʊləm
phonetics_text: ˈspɛkjʊləm
definition:
a metal instrument that is used to dilate an orifice or canal in the body to allow inspection.|a bright patch of plumage on the wings of certain birds, especially a strip of metallic sheen on the secondary flight feathers of many ducks.|a mirror or reflector of glass or metal, especially (formerly) a metallic mirror in a reflecting telescope.


word: SPEECH
russian_word: речь
example: he was born deaf and without the power of speech|he gave a speech about the company
synonyms: speaking|talking|verbal communication|verbal expression|articulation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spiːtʃ
phonetics_text: spiːtʃ
definition:
the expression of or the ability to express thoughts and feelings by articulate sounds.|a formal address or discourse delivered to an audience.

origin:
Old English sprǣc, sprēc, later spēc, of West Germanic origin: related to Dutch spraak, German Sprache, also to speak.


word: SPEECHLESS
russian_word: безмолвный
example: he was speechless with rage
definition: unable to speak, especially as the temporary result of shock or strong emotion.
antonyms: loquacious|verbose|vocal
origin: Old English spǣclēas (see speech, -less).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspiːtʃləs
phonetics_text: ˈspiːtʃləs
synonyms:
lost for words|at a loss for words|struck dumb|dumbstruck|bereft of speech|tongue-tied|unable to get a word out|inarticulate|mute|dumb|voiceless|dumbfounded|thunderstruck|shocked|shell-shocked|astounded|aghast|amazed|dazed|flabbergasted|mum|knocked/hit for six|gobsmacked|dumbstricken|mumchance|obmutescent|silent|unspoken|unexpressed|wordless|unsaid|unvoiced


word: SPEED
russian_word: скорость
example: we turned on to the runway and began to gather speed|wish me good speed
synonyms: rate|pace|tempo|momentum
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spiːd
phonetics_text: spiːd
definition:
the rate at which someone or something moves or operates or is able to move or operate.|each of the possible gear ratios of a bicycle or motor vehicle.|the light-gathering power or f-number of a camera lens.|an amphetamine drug, especially methamphetamine.|success; prosperity.

origin:
Old English spēd (noun), spēdan (verb), from the Germanic base of Old English spōwan ‘prosper, succeed’, a sense reflected in early usage.


word: SPEEDBALL
russian_word: смесь кокаина с героином или морфином
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspiːdbɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈspiːdbɔːl
definition:
a mixture of cocaine with heroin.|a small punchball used by boxers for practising quick punches.|a ball game resembling soccer but in which the ball may be handled.


word: SPEEDILY
russian_word: быстро
example: your claim will be dealt with as speedily as possible
definition: quickly or promptly.
antonyms: slowly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈspiːdɪli
phonetics_text: ˈspiːdɪli
synonyms:
rapidly|swiftly|quickly|fast|post-haste|at (full) speed|at the speed of light|at full tilt|at a gallop|promptly|immediately|briskly|hastily|hurriedly|precipitately|p.d.q. (pretty damn quick)|double quick|at a lick|hell for leather|pronto|at the double|a mile a minute|like the wind|like a bomb|at warp speed|like a bat out of hell|like a scalded cat|like the deuce|like nobody's business|like (greased) lightning|like a madman/madwoman|like the clappers|at a rate of knots|like billy-o|lickety-split|apace


word: SPEED UP
russian_word: ускорять
example: you force yourself to speed up because you don't want to keep others waiting
definition: move or work more quickly.
antonyms: slow down
synonyms:
hurry up|accelerate|move faster|go faster|drive faster|get a move on|put a spurt on|open it up|increase speed|pick up speed|gather speed|look smart|get cracking|get moving|step on it|step on the gas|shake a leg|rattle one's dags|get one's skates on|stir one's stumps|get a wiggle on|put foot|make haste


word: SPEEDWAY
russian_word: спидвей
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspiːdweɪ
phonetics_text: ˈspiːdweɪ
definition:
a form of motorcycle racing in which the riders race several laps around an oval dirt track, typically in a stadium.|a road or track used for motor-car racing.


word: SPEEDY
russian_word: быстрый
example: a speedy recovery|a speedy winger
definition: done or occurring quickly.|moving quickly.
antonyms: slow|leisurely|dilatory
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspiːdi
phonetics_text: ˈspiːdi
synonyms:
rapid|swift|quick|fast|prompt|immediate|expeditious|express|brisk|sharp|unhesitating|whirlwind|lightning|meteoric|overnight|fast-track|whistle-stop|hasty|hurried|precipitate|precipitous|breakneck|summary|on-the-spot|rushed|p.d.q. (pretty damn quick)|snappy|quickie|alacritous


word: SPEISS
russian_word: шпейза
origin: late 18th century: from German Speise ‘food, amalgam’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spʌɪs
phonetics_text: spʌɪs
definition:
a mixture of impure compounds of arsenic and antimonium with nickel, cobalt, iron, and other metals, produced in the smelting of cobalt and other ores.


word: SPELLBIND
russian_word: очаровывать
example: the singer held the audience spellbound
definition: hold the complete attention of (someone) as though by magic; fascinate.
antonyms: boring|dull|bored|uninterested
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈspɛlbʌɪnd
phonetics_text: ˈspɛlbʌɪnd
synonyms:
fascinating|enthralling|entrancing|bewitching|captivating|intriguing|riveting|transfixing|engrossing|gripping|very interesting|very exciting|thrilling|absorbing|compelling|compulsive|mesmerizing|mesmeric|hypnotic|magical|unputdownable|enthralled|fascinated|rapt|riveted|transfixed|gripped|entranced|captivated|bewitched|under someone's spell|enraptured|enchanted|mesmerized|hypnotized|hooked


word: SPELLCHECKER
russian_word: проверка орфографии
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛltʃɛkə
phonetics_text: ˈspɛltʃɛkə
definition:
a computer program that checks the spelling of words in a text, typically by comparison with a stored list of words.


word: SPENCE
russian_word: кладовая для продуктов
definition: a larder.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɛns
phonetics_text: spɛns
origin:
late Middle English: shortening of Old French despense, from Latin dispensa, feminine past participle of dispendere (see dispense).


word: SPEND
russian_word: тратить
example: the firm has spent £100,000 on hardware|she spent a lot of time travelling
antonyms: save|keep|hoard
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɛnd
phonetics_text: spɛnd
definition:
give (money) to pay for goods, services, or so as to benefit someone or something.|pass (time) in a specified way or in a particular place.

synonyms:
pay out|lay out|expend|disburse|squander|go through|run through|waste|fritter away|lavish|fork out|shell out|dish out|cough up|blow|splash out|splurge|lash out|stump up|blue|knock down|spring|pony up

origin:
Old English spendan, from Latin expendere ‘pay out’; partly also a shortening of obsolete dispend, from Latin dispendere ‘pay out’.


word: SPENDTHRIFT
russian_word: мот
example: Putt was a spendthrift and a heavy gambler
definition: a person who spends money in an extravagant, irresponsible way.
antonyms: miser|skinflint|Scrooge|miserly|thrifty|frugal
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛn(d)θrɪft
phonetics_text: ˈspɛn(d)θrɪft
synonyms:
profligate|prodigal|squanderer|waster|big spender|wastrel|improvident|thriftless|wasteful|extravagant|free-spending|squandering|irresponsible


word: SPERM
russian_word: сперма
definition: semen.|short for sperm whale.
origin: late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek sperma ‘seed’, from speirein ‘to sow’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spəːm
phonetics_text: spəːm
synonyms:
semen|seminal fluid|spermatic fluid|seed|ejaculate|emission|milt|spermatozoa|come|cum|jism|jissom|jizz|spunk


word: SPERMACETI
russian_word: спермацет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspəːməˈsiːti
phonetics_text: ˌspəːməˈsiːti|ˌspəːməˈsɛti
definition:
a white waxy substance produced by the sperm whale, formerly used in candles and ointments. It is present in a rounded organ in the head, where it focuses acoustic signals and aids in the control of buoyancy.

origin:
late 15th century: from medieval Latin, from late Latin sperma ‘sperm’ + ceti ‘of a whale’ (genitive of cetus, from Greek kētos ‘whale’), from the belief that it was whale spawn.


word: SPERMATID
russian_word: сперматиды
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspəːmətɪd
phonetics_text: ˈspəːmətɪd
definition:
an immature male sex cell formed from a spermatocyte, which may develop into a spermatozoon without further division.


word: SPERMATOCYTE
russian_word: сперматоцит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)sʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)sʌɪt|spəˈmatə(ʊ)sʌɪt
definition:
a cell produced at the second stage in the formation of spermatozoa, formed from a spermatogonium and dividing by meiosis into spermatids.


word: SPERMATOPHORE
russian_word: сперматофора
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)fɔː
phonetics_text: ˈspəːmətə(ʊ)fɔː|spəˈmatə(ʊ)fɔː
definition:
a protein capsule containing a mass of spermatozoa, transferred during mating in various insects, arthropods, cephalopod molluscs, etc.


word: SPERMATOZOON
russian_word: сперматозоид
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek sperma, spermat- ‘seed’ + zōion ‘animal’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈzəʊɒn
phonetics_text: ˌspəːmətə(ʊ)ˈzəʊɒn|spəˌmatə(ʊ)ˈzəʊɒn
definition:
the mature motile male sex cell of an animal, by which the ovum is fertilized, typically having a compact head and one or more long flagella for swimming.


word: SPERMINE
russian_word: спермин
origin: late 19th century: so called because first found in sperm.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspəːmiːn
phonetics_text: ˈspəːmiːn
definition:
a deliquescent compound which acts to stabilize various components of living cells and is widely distributed in living and decaying tissues.


word: SPERM WHALE
russian_word: кашалот
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: mid 19th century: sperm, abbreviation of spermaceti.
definition:
a toothed whale with a massive head, typically feeding at great depths on squid, formerly valued for the spermaceti and sperm oil in its head and the ambergris in its intestines.


word: SPESSARTINE
russian_word: спессартин
origin: mid 19th century: from French, from Spessart, the name of a district in NW Bavaria, + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɛsətiːn
phonetics_text: ˈspɛsətiːn
definition:
a form of garnet containing manganese and aluminium, occurring as orange-red to dark brown crystals.


word: SPHENE
russian_word: сфен
origin: early 19th century: from French sphène, from Greek sphēn ‘wedge’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sfiːn
phonetics_text: sfiːn
definition:
a greenish-yellow or brown mineral consisting of a silicate of calcium and titanium, occurring in granitic and metamorphic rocks in wedge-shaped crystals.


word: SPHENOID
russian_word: клиновидный
origin: mid 18th century: from modern Latin sphenoides, from Greek sphēnoeidēs, from sphēn ‘wedge’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈsfiːnɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsfiːnɔɪd
definition:
a compound bone which forms the base of the cranium, behind the eye and below the front part of the brain. It has two pairs of broad lateral ‘wings’ and a number of other projections, and contains two air-filled sinuses.


word: SPHERE
russian_word: сфера
example: political reforms to match those in the economic sphere
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: sfɪə
phonetics_text: sfɪə
definition:
a round solid figure, or its surface, with every point on its surface equidistant from its centre.|an area of activity, interest, or expertise; a section of society or an aspect of life distinguished and unified by a particular characteristic.

synonyms:
domain|realm|province|field|area|region|territory|arena|department|area of interest|area of study|discipline|speciality|specialty

origin:
Middle English: from Old French espere, from late Latin sphera, earlier sphaera, from Greek sphaira ‘ball’.


word: SPHERICAL
russian_word: сферический
example: spherical pearls
definition: shaped like a sphere.
origin: late 15th century: via late Latin from Greek sphairikos, from sphaira (see sphere).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsfɛrɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsfɛrɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
round|globular|ball-shaped|globe-shaped|orb-shaped|orblike|bulbous|bulb-shaped|balloon-like|convex|curved|curvilinear|rounded|rotund|cycloidal|discoid|discoidal|spheroid|spheroidal|spheric|globate|globose|globoid|orbicular|orbiculate


word: SPHEROPLAST
russian_word: сферопластов
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsfɪərəʊplast
phonetics_text: ˈsfɪərəʊplast|ˈsfɪərəʊplɑːst
definition:
a bacterium or plant cell bound by its plasma membrane, the cell wall being deficient or lacking and the whole having a spherical form.


word: SPHINCTER
russian_word: сфинктер
example: the anal sphincter
origin: late 16th century: via Latin from Greek sphinktēr, from sphingein ‘bind tight’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsfɪŋktə
phonetics_text: ˈsfɪŋktə
definition:
a ring of muscle surrounding and serving to guard or close an opening or tube, such as the anus or the openings of the stomach.


word: SPHINGOMYELIN
russian_word: сфингомиелин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsfɪŋɡə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪəlɪn
phonetics_text: ˌsfɪŋɡə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪəlɪn
definition:
a substance which occurs widely in brain and nervous tissue, consisting of complex phosphoryl derivatives of sphingosine and choline.


word: SPHINGOSINE
russian_word: сфингозин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsfɪŋɡə(ʊ)sʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈsfɪŋɡə(ʊ)sʌɪn
definition:
a basic compound which is a constituent of a number of substances important in the metabolism of nerve cells, especially sphingomyelins.


word: SPHINX
russian_word: сфинкс
origin: late Middle English: via Latin from Greek Sphinx, apparently from sphingein ‘draw tight’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sfɪŋks
phonetics_text: sfɪŋks
definition:
a winged monster having a woman's head and a lion's body. It propounded a riddle about the three ages of man, killing those who failed to solve it, until Oedipus was successful, whereupon the Sphinx committed suicide.|another term for hawkmoth.


word: SPIC
russian_word: латиноамериканец
definition: a Spanish-speaking person from Central or South America or the Caribbean, especially a Mexican.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɪk
phonetics_text: spɪk
origin:
early 20th century: abbreviation of US slang spiggoty, in the same sense, of uncertain origin: perhaps an alteration of speak the in ‘no speak the English’.


word: SPICA
russian_word: колосок
definition: a bandage folded into a spiral arrangement resembling an ear of wheat or barley.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪkə
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪkə
origin:
late 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘spike, ear of corn’; related to spina ‘spine’. The current sense is influenced by Greek stakhus ‘ear of wheat’.


word: SPICE
russian_word: специи
example: the cake is packed with spices|he was smoking spice to cope with his anxiety
synonyms: flavouring|seasoning|herb|condiment|relish
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌɪs
phonetics_text: spʌɪs
definition:
an aromatic or pungent vegetable substance used to flavour food, e.g. cloves, pepper, or cumin.|a russet or ginger colour.|sweets; confectionery.|a type of synthetic cannabis.

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French espice, from Latin species ‘sort, kind’, in late Latin‘wares’.


word: SPICK AND SPAN
russian_word: нарядный
example: my little house is spick and span
definition: neat, clean, and well looked after.
antonyms: disorderly|untidy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spɪk(ə)ndˈspan
phonetics_text: spɪk(ə)ndˈspan
synonyms:
neat and tidy|as neat as a new pin|orderly|well ordered|in (good) order|well kept|in apple-pie order|immaculate|uncluttered|straight|trim|spruce|spotless|as fresh as paint|tricksy

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘brand new’): from spick and span new, emphatic extension of dialect span new, from Old Norse spán-nýr, from spánn ‘chip’ + nýr ‘new’; spick influenced by Dutch spiksplinternieuw, literally ‘splinter new’.


word: SPICULE
russian_word: спикула
origin: late 18th century: from modern Latin spicula, spiculum, diminutives of spica ‘ear of grain’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪkjuːl
phonetics_text: ˈspɪkjuːl
definition:
a minute sharp-pointed object or structure that is typically present in large numbers, such as a fine particle of ice.|a short-lived, relatively small radial jet of gas in the chromosphere or lower corona of the sun.


word: SPICY
russian_word: пряный
example: pasta in a spicy tomato sauce
definition: flavoured with or fragrant with spice.
antonyms: bland|tasteless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspʌɪsi
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪsi
synonyms:
piquant|tangy|peppery|hot|picante|spiced|seasoned|savoury|tasty|flavoursome|flavourful|well seasoned|strongly flavoured|zesty|strong|sharp|pungent|sapid|flavorous


word: SPIDER
russian_word: паук
origin: late Old English spīthra, from spinnan (see spin).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspʌɪdə
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪdə
definition:
an eight-legged predatory arachnid with an unsegmented body consisting of a fused head and thorax and a rounded abdomen. Spiders have fangs which inject poison into their prey, and most kinds spin webs in which to capture insects.|an object resembling a spider, especially one having numerous or prominent legs or radiating spokes.|another term for crawler (sense 2).


word: SPIDERMAN
russian_word: человек-паук
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪdəman
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪdəman
definition:
a US cartoon, TV, and film character who develops special powers, such as great strength and the ability to cling to surfaces, after being bitten by a radioactive spider.|a person who works at great heights in building work.


word: SPIGOT
russian_word: кран
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪɡət
phonetics_text: ˈspɪɡət
definition:
a small peg or plug, especially for insertion into the vent of a cask.|a tap.|the plain end of a section of a pipe fitting into the socket of the next one.

origin:
Middle English: perhaps an alteration of Provençal espigou(n ), from Latin spiculum, diminutive of spicum, variant of spica (see spica).


word: SPIKE
russian_word: шип
example: the oil price spike|he queued at the soup kitchen or the spike
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌɪk
phonetics_text: spʌɪk
definition:
a thin, pointed piece of metal, wood, or another rigid material.|a sharp increase in the magnitude or concentration of something.|a hostel ward offering temporary accommodation for the homeless.

synonyms:
prong|barb|point|skewer|stake|spit|projection|tine|nail|pin|spur|piton|fid|pricket|thorn|spine|prickle|bristle|spicule

origin:
Middle English: perhaps from Middle Low German, Middle Dutch spiker, related to spoke1. The verb dates from the early 17th century.


word: SPIKELET
russian_word: колосок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪklɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪklɪt
definition:
the basic unit of a grass flower, consisting of two glumes or outer bracts at the base and one or more florets above.


word: SPIKENARD
russian_word: нард
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪknɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪknɑːd
definition:
a costly perfumed ointment much valued in ancient times.|the Himalayan plant of the valerian family that produces the rhizome from which spikenard was prepared.

origin:
Middle English: from medieval Latin spica nardi (see spike2, nard), translating Greek nardostakhus .


word: SPILE
russian_word: свая
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌɪl
phonetics_text: spʌɪl
definition:
a small wooden peg or spigot for stopping a cask.|a large, heavy timber driven into the ground to support a superstructure.

origin:
early 16th century: from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German, ‘wooden peg’; in spile (sense 2 of the noun) apparently an alteration of pile2.


word: SPILITE
russian_word: спилит
example: spilite occurs in pillow lavas
origin: mid 19th century: from French spillite, from Greek spilos ‘spot, stain’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪlʌɪt|ˈspɪlʌɪt
definition:
an altered form of basalt, rich in albite and commonly amygdaloidal in texture, typical of basaltic lava solidified under water.


word: SPILL
russian_word: пролитие
synonyms: knock over|tip over|upset|overturn|cowp
origin: Old English spillan ‘kill, destroy, waste, shed (blood’); of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɪl
phonetics_text: spɪl
example:
you'll spill that tea if you're not careful|there's nothing worse than friends who spill secrets|the horse was wrenched off course, spilling his rider

definition:
cause or allow (liquid) to flow over the edge of its container, especially unintentionally.|reveal (confidential information) to someone.|cause to fall off a horse or bicycle.|(in the context of ball games) drop (the ball).|let (wind) out of a sail, typically by slackening the sheets.


word: SPILLIKIN
russian_word: бирюлька
origin: mid 18th century: from spill2 + -kin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪlɪkɪn
phonetics_text: ˈspɪlɪkɪn
definition:
a game played with a heap of small rods of wood, bone, or plastic, in which players try to remove one at a time without disturbing the others.|a splinter or fragment.


word: SPIN
russian_word: спин
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɪn
phonetics_text: spɪn
example:
the girl spun round in alarm|an old lady sat, spinning thread|ministers may now find it difficult to use the programme to spin stories in their favour|they were spinning for salmon in the lake

definition:
turn or cause to turn or whirl round quickly.|draw out and twist (the fibres of wool, cotton, or other material) to convert them into yarn, either by hand or with machinery.|give (a news story) a particular emphasis or bias.|fish with a spinner.

synonyms:
revolve|rotate|turn|turn round|go round|whirl|gyrate|circle|wheel|twirl|swing|twist|swivel|pirouette|pivot|swirl|birl

origin:
Old English spinnan  ‘draw out and twist (fibre’); related to German spinnen . The noun dates from the mid 19th century.


word: SPINACH
russian_word: шпинат
origin: Middle English: probably from Old French espinache, via Arabic from Persian aspānāḵ .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪnɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈspɪnɪdʒ|ˈspɪnɪtʃ
definition:
an edible Asian plant of the goosefoot family, with large dark green leaves which are widely eaten as a vegetable.


word: SPINAL CORD
russian_word: спинной мозг
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibres and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.


word: SPINDLE
russian_word: шпиндель
synonyms: pivot|pin|rod|axle|axis|gudgeon|mandrel|arbor|capstan|staff|fusee
origin: Old English spinel, from the base of the verb spin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪnd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspɪnd(ə)l
definition:
a slender rounded rod with tapered ends used in hand spinning to twist and wind thread from a mass of wool or flax held on a distaff.|a rod or pin serving as an axis that revolves or on which something revolves.|a slender mass of microtubules formed when a cell divides. At metaphase the chromosomes become attached to it by their centromeres before being pulled towards its ends.|a Eurasian shrub or small tree with slender toothed leaves and pink capsules containing bright orange seeds. Its hard timber was formerly used for making spindles.


word: SPINDLY
russian_word: веретенообразный
example: spindly arms and legs
definition: long or tall and thin.
antonyms: stocky|fat|thickset
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɪndli
phonetics_text: ˈspɪndli
synonyms:
tall|thin|skinny|lean|lanky|spare|gangling|gangly|scrawny|scraggy|bony|size-zero|raw-boned|gawky|rangy|angular|weedy|spindle-shanked


word: SPINDRIFT
russian_word: брызги морской воды
definition: spray blown from the crests of waves by the wind.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪndrɪft
phonetics_text: ˈspɪndrɪft
origin:
early 17th century (originally Scots): variant of spoondrift, from archaic spoon ‘run before wind or sea’ + the noun drift.


word: SPINE
russian_word: позвоночник
synonyms: backbone|spinal column|vertebral column|vertebrae|back|dorsum|rachis
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spʌɪn
phonetics_text: spʌɪn
example:
a soft voice that sent a shiver down her spine|the Mt Pelee spine was exceptional only for its extreme height—over 300 metres

definition:
a series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the small of the back, enclosing the spinal cord and providing support for the thorax and abdomen; the backbone.|the part of a book's jacket or cover that encloses the inner edges of the pages, facing outwards when the book is on a shelf and typically bearing the title and the author's name.|any hard, pointed defensive projection or structure, such as a prickle of a hedgehog, a spike-like projection on a sea urchin, a sharp ray in a fish's fin, or a spike on the stem of a plant.|a linear pay scale operated by some large organizations that allows flexibility for local and specific conditions.|a tall mass of viscous lava extruded from a volcano.

origin:
late Middle English: shortening of Old French espine, or from Latin spina ‘thorn, prickle, backbone’.


word: SPINEL
russian_word: шпинель
origin: early 16th century: from French spinelle, from Italian spinella, diminutive of spina ‘thorn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɪˈnɛl
phonetics_text: spɪˈnɛl|ˈspɪn(ə)l
definition:
a hard glassy mineral occurring as octahedral crystals of variable colour and consisting chiefly of magnesium and aluminium oxides.


word: SPINELESS
russian_word: мягкотелый
example: a spineless coward|spineless forms of prickly pear have been selected
antonyms: bold|brave|strong-willed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspʌɪnləs
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪnləs
definition:
having no spine or backbone; invertebrate.|weak and purposeless.|(of an animal or plant) lacking spines.

synonyms:
weak|weak-willed|weak-kneed|feeble|spiritless|soft|ineffectual|inadequate|irresolute|indecisive|cowardly|timid|timorous|fearful|faint-hearted|pusillanimous|craven|submissive|unmanly|namby-pamby|lily-livered|chicken-hearted|afraid of one's shadow|wimpish|wimpy|sissy|sissified|chicken|yellow|yellow-bellied|gutless|pathetic|wet|candy-assed|poor-spirited|recreant|chickenshit


word: SPINET
russian_word: спинет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɪˈnɛt
phonetics_text: spɪˈnɛt|ˈspɪnɪt
definition:
a small harpsichord with the strings set obliquely to the keyboard, popular in the 18th century.|a type of small upright piano.

origin:
mid 17th century: shortening of obsolete French espinette, from Italian spinetta ‘virginal, spinet’, diminutive of spina ‘thorn’ (see spine), the strings being plucked by quills.


word: SPINNAKER
russian_word: спинакер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪnəkə
phonetics_text: ˈspɪnəkə
definition:
a large three-cornered sail, typically bulging when full, set forward of the mainsail of a racing yacht when running before the wind.

origin:
mid 19th century: apparently a fanciful formation from Sphinx, the name of the yacht first using it, perhaps influenced by spanker.


word: SPINNER
russian_word: прядильщик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪnə
phonetics_text: ˈspɪnə
definition:
a person occupied in making thread by spinning.|a bowler who is expert in spinning the ball.|a lure designed to revolve when pulled through the water.|a metal fairing that is attached to and revolves with the propeller boss of an aircraft in order to streamline it.


word: SPINNERET
russian_word: прядильщик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪnərɛt
phonetics_text: ˈspɪnərɛt
definition:
any of a number of different organs through which the silk, gossamer, or thread of spiders, silkworms, and certain other insects is produced.


word: SPINNEY
russian_word: рощица
definition: a small area of trees and bushes.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪni
phonetics_text: ˈspɪni
origin:
late 16th century: shortening of Old French espinei, from an alteration of Latin spinetum ‘thicket’, from spina ‘thorn’.


word: SPIN OUT
russian_word: затягивать
antonyms: cut short|curtail
example:
they tried to spin out the debate through their speeches and interventions|he oversteered on the correction, then lost it entirely and spun out|by the time he retired, he had spun out 445 batsmen

definition:
make something last as long as possible.|lose control of a car, especially in a skid.|dismiss a batsman or side by spin bowling.

synonyms:
prolong|protract|draw out|stretch out|drag out|string out|extend|extend the duration of|carry on|keep going|keep alive|continue|expand|enlarge|fill out|pad out|amplify|lengthen|wire-draw


word: SPINSTER
russian_word: старая дева
definition: an unmarried woman, typically an older woman beyond the usual age for marriage.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪnstə
phonetics_text: ˈspɪnstə
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘woman who spins’): from the verb spin + -ster; in early use the term was appended to names of women to denote their occupation. The current sense dates from the early 18th century.


word: SPINY
russian_word: колючий
example: a spiny cactus
definition: full of or covered with prickles.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspʌɪni
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪni
synonyms:
prickly|spiky|thorny|thistly|briary|brambly|bristly|bristled|spiked|barbed|pronged|scratchy|sharp|spiculate|spicular|spiniferous|aculeate|barbellate|spinose|spinous|muricate|setaceous


word: SPINY LOBSTER
russian_word: лангуст
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a large edible crustacean with a spiny shell and long heavy antennae, but lacking the large claws of true lobsters.


word: SPIRACLE
russian_word: дыхальце
origin: late 18th century: from Latin spiraculum, from spirare ‘breathe’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪrək(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪrək(ə)l
definition:
an external respiratory opening, especially each of a number of pores on the body of an insect, or each of a pair of vestigial gill slits behind the eye of a cartilaginous fish.


word: SPIRAEA
russian_word: спирея
origin: modern Latin, from Greek speiraia, from speira ‘a coil’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spʌɪˈriːə
phonetics_text: spʌɪˈriːə
definition:
a shrub of the rose family, with clusters of small white or pink flowers. Found throughout the northern hemisphere, it is widely cultivated as a garden ornamental.


word: SPIRAL
russian_word: спираль
example: a spiral pattern
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspʌɪr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪr(ə)l
definition:
winding in a continuous and gradually widening (or tightening) curve, either round a central point on a flat plane or about an axis so as to form a cone.

origin:
mid 16th century (as an adjective): from medieval Latin spiralis, from Latin spira ‘coil’ (see spire2).


word: SPIRAL STAIRCASE
russian_word: винтовая лестница
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a staircase that, as it rises, turns constantly around a central axis (which may be a solid axis or an open centre).


word: SPIRE
russian_word: шпиль
definition: a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building, typically a church tower.
synonyms: steeple|belfry|flèche|shikara
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spʌɪə
phonetics_text: spʌɪə
origin:
Old English spīr  ‘tall slender stem of a plant’; related to German Spier ‘tip of a blade of grass’.


word: SPIRIT
russian_word: дух
example: we seek a harmony between body and spirit|I hope the team will build on this spirit of confidence
antonyms: body|flesh
synonyms: soul|psyche|inner self|inner being|essential being|pneuma|anima|ego|id|ka|atman
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪt
definition:
the non-physical part of a person which is the seat of emotions and character; the soul.|the prevailing or typical quality, mood, or attitude of a person, group, or period of time.|strong distilled alcoholic drink such as brandy, whisky, gin, or rum.|a highly refined substance or fluid thought to govern vital phenomena.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, from Latin spiritus ‘breath, spirit’, from spirare ‘breathe’.


word: SPIRITED
russian_word: энергичный
example: a spirited campaigner for women's rights|a warm-hearted, generous-spirited man
definition: full of energy, enthusiasm, and determination.|having a specified character, attitude, or mood.
antonyms: timid|apathetic|lifeless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtɪd
synonyms:
lively|vivacious|vibrant|full of life|vital|animated|high-spirited|sparkling|sprightly|energetic|active|vigorous|dynamic|dashing|enthusiastic|passionate|fiery|courageous|brave|plucky|bold|valiant|mettlesome|intrepid|determined|resolute|enterprising|feisty|spunky|have-a-go|gutsy|ballsy|peppy


word: SPIRITLESS
russian_word: безжизненный
example: Ruth and I played a spiritless game of Scrabble
definition: lacking courage, vigour, or vivacity.
antonyms: spirited|lively
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtləs
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtləs
synonyms:
apathetic|passive|unenthusiastic|lifeless|listless|lacking in vitality|weak|feeble|spineless|droopy|limp|languid|bloodless|insipid|characterless|submissive|meek|irresolute|indecisive|lacklustre|flat|colourless|passionless|uninspiring|uninspired|wooden|dry|desiccated|unimpassioned|anaemic|vapid|dull|boring|wishy-washy|half-arsed|half-assed


word: SPIRIT LEVEL
russian_word: ватерпас
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a device consisting of a sealed glass tube partially filled with alcohol or other liquid, containing an air bubble whose position reveals whether a surface is perfectly level.


word: SPIRITUAL
russian_word: духовный
example: I'm responsible for his spiritual welfare|the country's spiritual leader
antonyms: physical|material|corporeal|mundane
origin: Middle English: from Old French spirituel, from Latin spiritualis, from spiritus (see spirit).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtʃʊəl
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtʃʊəl|ˈspɪrɪtjʊəl
definition:
relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.|relating to religion or religious belief.

synonyms:
non-material|inner|psychic|psychical|psychological|incorporeal|intangible|other-worldly|unworldly|ethereal|transcendent|mystic|mystical|numinous|metaphysical|extramundane|immaterial


word: SPIRITUALISM
russian_word: спиритизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtʃʊəlɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtʃʊəlɪz(ə)m|ˈspɪrɪtjʊəlɪz(ə)m
definition:
a system of belief or religious practice based on supposed communication with the spirits of the dead, especially through mediums.|the doctrine that the spirit exists as distinct from matter, or that spirit is the only reality.


word: SPIRITUALIST
russian_word: спиритуалист
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtʃ(ʊ)əlɪst
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtʃ(ʊ)əlɪst|ˈspɪrɪtjʊəlɪst
example:
he became an ardent spiritualist, attending seances and insisting on their authenticity|a non-denominational spiritualist

definition:
a person who believes that the spirits of the dead can communicate with living people.|an advocate of the doctrine that the spirit exists as distinct from matter, or that spirit is the only reality.


word: SPIRITUALITY
russian_word: духовность
example: the shift in priorities allows us to embrace our spirituality in a more profound way
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɪrɪtʃʊˈalɪti
phonetics_text: spɪrɪtʃʊˈalɪti|spɪrɪtjʊˈalɪti
definition:
the quality of being concerned with the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.


word: SPIRITUALLY
russian_word: духовно
example: they are connected spiritually through a sense of purpose
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtʃuːəli
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtʃuːəli
definition:
in a way that relates to or affects the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.


word: SPIRITUOUS
russian_word: спиртовой
example: spirituous beverages
definition: containing much alcohol; distilled.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɪrɪtjʊəs
phonetics_text: ˈspɪrɪtjʊəs
origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘spirited, lively’): from Latin spiritus ‘spirit’ + -ous, or from French spiritueux .


word: SPIROGRAPH
russian_word: спирограф
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪrə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪrə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf
definition:
an instrument for recording breathing movements.|a toy which is used to draw intricate curved patterns using interlocking plastic cogs and toothed rings of different sizes.


word: SPIRONOLACTONE
russian_word: спиронолактон
origin: 1960s: from spiro-1 (sense 2) + lactone, with the insertion of -one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspʌɪrənə(ʊ)ˈlaktəʊn
phonetics_text: ˌspʌɪrənə(ʊ)ˈlaktəʊn
definition:
a steroid drug which promotes sodium excretion and is used in the treatment of certain types of oedema and hypertension.


word: SPIRULINA
russian_word: спирулина
origin: modern Latin, from spirula ‘small spiral (shell)’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspɪrʊˈlʌɪnə
phonetics_text: ˌspɪrʊˈlʌɪnə|ˌspʌɪrʊˈlʌɪnə
definition:
filamentous cyanobacteria which form tangled masses in warm alkaline lakes in Africa and Central and South America.


word: SPIT
russian_word: плевать
example: Todd spat in Hugh's face|the bonfire crackled and spat|it began to spit
synonyms: expectorate|hawk|gob|hoick
origin: Old English spittan, of imitative origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɪt
phonetics_text: spɪt
definition:
eject saliva forcibly from one's mouth, sometimes as a gesture of contempt or anger.|(of a fire or something being cooked) emit small bursts of sparks or hot fat with a series of short, explosive noises.|light rain falls.


word: SPITE
russian_word: злоба
example: he'd think I was saying it out of spite
definition: a desire to hurt, annoy, or offend someone.
antonyms: benevolence|goodwill|affection
origin: Middle English: shortening of Old French despit ‘contempt’, despiter ‘show contempt for’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌɪt
phonetics_text: spʌɪt
synonyms:
malice|maliciousness|ill will|ill feeling|spitefulness|bitterness|animosity|hostility|antagonism|enmity|resentment|resentfulness|rancour|malevolence|venom|spleen|gall|malignance|malignity|evil intentions|envy|hate|hatred|vengeance|vengefulness|vindictiveness|nastiness|mean-spiritedness|meanness|bitchiness|cattiness|maleficence


word: SPITEFUL
russian_word: злобный
example: the teachers made spiteful little jokes about me
definition: showing or caused by malice.
antonyms: benevolent|kind|friendly
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspʌɪtfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪtfʊl|ˈspʌɪtf(ə)l
synonyms:
malicious|mean|nasty|cruel|unkind|unfriendly|snide|hurtful|wounding|barbed|cutting|hateful|ill-natured|bitter|venomous|poisonous|acid|hostile|rancorous|malevolent|evil-intentioned|baleful|vindictive|vengeful|vitriolic|vicious|splenetic|malign|malignant|bilious|defamatory|bitchy|catty|malefic|maleficent|squint-eyed


word: SPLANCHNIC
russian_word: внутренностный
definition: relating to the viscera or internal organs, especially those of the abdomen.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsplaŋknɪk
phonetics_text: ˈsplaŋknɪk
origin:
late 17th century: from modern Latin splanchnicus, from Greek splankhnikos, from splankhna ‘entrails’.


word: SPLASH
russian_word: всплеск
example: we hit the water with a mighty splash|a front-page splash
synonyms: splashing|swashing|dashing|beating|battering|plash|plashing|swash
origin: early 18th century (as a verb): alteration of plash1.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: splaʃ
phonetics_text: splaʃ
definition:
a sound made by something striking or falling into liquid.|a prominent or sensational news feature or story.


word: SPLASH OUT
russian_word: сорить деньгами
example: if you're really ready to splash out, book into one of the six private penthouse suites
definition: spend money freely.
synonyms:
be extravagant|go on a spending spree|splurge|spare no expense|spend lavishly|spend a lot of money|lash out|push the boat out|go mad|go on a shopping binge|indulge in some retail therapy


word: SPLASHY
russian_word: броский
example: a splashy waterfall|I don't care for splashy Hollywood parties
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsplaʃi
phonetics_text: ˈsplaʃi
definition:
characterized by water splashing about.|attracting a great deal of attention; ostentatiously impressive.


word: SPLATTER
russian_word: брызги
example: a passing cart rolled by, splattering him with mud|the story is splattered over pages two and three
origin: late 18th century: imitative.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈsplatə
phonetics_text: ˈsplatə
definition:
splash with a liquid, typically a thick or viscous one.|prominently or sensationally publish (a story) in a newspaper.


word: SPLAYED
russian_word: растопыренными
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spleɪd
phonetics_text: spleɪd
example:
half of the crowd was watching through splayed fingers|the walls are pierced by splayed window openings

definition:
(especially of limbs or fingers) spread out and apart.|(of a window, door, or other aperture) constructed in such a way as to be wider at one side of the wall than the other.


word: SPLEEN
russian_word: селезенка
example: he could vent his spleen on the institutions which had duped him
antonyms: good humour
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spliːn
phonetics_text: spliːn
definition:
an abdominal organ involved in the production and removal of blood cells in most vertebrates and forming part of the immune system.|bad temper; spite.

synonyms:
bad temper|bad mood|ill temper|ill humour|annoyance|anger|wrath|vexation|crossness|irritation|displeasure|dissatisfaction|irritability|irascibility|cantankerousness|peevishness|petulance|pettishness|pique|querulousness|crabbiness|testiness|tetchiness|snappishness|waspishness|touchiness|moodiness|sullenness|resentment|rancour|biliousness|sourness|spite|spitefulness|ill feeling|malice|maliciousness|bitterness|animosity|antipathy|hostility|malevolence|venom|gall|malignance|malignity|acrimony|bile|hatred|hate|ire|choler

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French esplen, via Latin from Greek splēn ; spleen (sense 2) derives from the earlier belief that the spleen was the seat of bad temper.


word: SPLENDID
russian_word: великолепный
example: a splendid view of Windsor Castle
definition: magnificent; very impressive.
antonyms: modest|unimpressive|ordinary|undistinguished
origin: early 17th century: from French splendide or Latin splendidus, from splendere ‘shine, be bright’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsplɛndɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsplɛndɪd
synonyms:
magnificent|sumptuous|grand|impressive|imposing|superb|spectacular|resplendent|opulent|luxurious|palatial|deluxe|rich|fine|costly|expensive|lavish|ornate|gorgeous|glorious|dazzling|elegant|handsome|beautiful|stately|majestic|kingly|princely|regal|noble|proud|plush|plushy|posh|swanky|ritzy|splendiferous|swish|swank|brave|splendacious|splendorous|magnolious|palatian|distinguished|glittering|illustrious|remarkable|outstanding|exceptional|celebrated|renowned|famous|notable|noted|eminent|lofty|venerable|exemplary


word: SPLENDOUR
russian_word: великолепие
example: the barren splendour of the Lake District
definition: magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur.
antonyms: ordinariness|modesty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsplɛndə
phonetics_text: ˈsplɛndə
synonyms:
magnificence|grandeur|sumptuousness|impressiveness|resplendence|opulence|luxury|luxuriousness|richness|fineness|lavishness|ornateness|glory|gloriousness|gorgeousness|splendidness|beauty|elegance|majesty|stateliness|nobility|pomp|pomp and circumstance|panoply|pageantry|spectacle|ritziness|poshness|splendiferousness

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French splendur or Latin splendor, from splendere ‘shine, be bright’.


word: SPLENETIC
russian_word: желчный
example: a splenetic rant
definition: bad-tempered; spiteful.|archaic term for splenic.
antonyms: good-humoured
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: splɪˈnɛtɪk
phonetics_text: splɪˈnɛtɪk
synonyms:
bad-tempered|ill-tempered|ill-humoured|angry|wrathful|cross|peevish|petulant|pettish|irritable|irascible|cantankerous|choleric|dyspeptic|testy|tetchy|snappish|waspish|crotchety|crabby|crabbed|querulous|resentful|rancorous|bilious|sour|bitter|acid|liverish|spiteful|malicious|ill-natured|hostile|acrimonious|malevolent|malignant|malign|bitchy|atrabilious|envenomed

origin:
late Middle English (as a noun denoting a person with a diseased spleen): from late Latin spleneticus, from Greek splēn (see spleen).


word: SPLENIC
russian_word: селезеночный
example: the splenic artery
definition: relating to the spleen.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsplɛnɪk
phonetics_text: ˈsplɛnɪk|ˈspliːnɪk
origin:
early 17th century: from French splénique, or via Latin from Greek splēnikos, from splēn (see spleen).


word: SPLENIUS
russian_word: ременной
origin: mid 18th century: modern Latin, from Greek splēnion ‘bandage’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspliːnɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈspliːnɪəs
definition:
either of two muscles attached to the vertebrae in the neck and upper back which draw back the head.


word: SPLICE
russian_word: сращивание
example: we learned how to weave and splice ropes
definition: join or connect (a rope or ropes) by interweaving the strands at the ends.
origin: early 16th century: probably from Middle Dutch splissen, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: splʌɪs
phonetics_text: splʌɪs
synonyms:
interweave|braid|plait|entwine|intertwine|interlace|knit|mesh|join|unite|connect|bind|fasten|tie|marry


word: SPLINE
russian_word: сплайн
origin: mid 18th century (originally East Anglian dialect): perhaps related to splinter.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: splʌɪn
phonetics_text: splʌɪn
definition:
a rectangular key fitting into grooves in the hub and shaft of a wheel, especially one formed integrally with the shaft which allows movement of the wheel on the shaft.|a slat of wood, metal, etc.|a continuous curve constructed so as to pass through a given set of points and have a certain number of continuous derivatives.


word: SPLINT
russian_word: шина
example: she had to wear splints on her legs
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: splɪnt
phonetics_text: splɪnt
definition:
a strip of rigid material used for supporting and immobilizing a broken bone when it has been set.|a long, thin strip of wood used to light a fire.|a bony enlargement on the inside of a horse's leg, on the splint bone.|a fragment of diamond.

origin:
Middle English (in splint (sense 2 of the noun); also denoting a section of armour): from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German splinte ‘metal plate or pin’; related to splinter.


word: SPLINTER
russian_word: осколок
example: a splinter of ice
definition: a small, thin, sharp piece of wood, glass, or similar material broken off from a larger piece.
origin: Middle English: from Middle Dutch splinter, splenter ; related to splint.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsplɪntə
phonetics_text: ˈsplɪntə
synonyms:
sliver|shiver|chip|shard|needle|fragment|piece|bit|shred|spell|spillikin|shaving|paring|matchwood|flinders|skelf|gallet|spall


word: SPLIT
russian_word: раскол
antonyms: arrive|stay
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: splɪt
phonetics_text: splɪt
example:
the ice cracked and split|let's split up and find the other two|my head is splitting|I told him I wouldn't split on him|‘Let's split,’ Harvey said

definition:
break or cause to break forcibly into parts, especially into halves or along the grain.|(with reference to a group of people) divide into two or more groups.|(of one's head) suffer great pain from a headache.|betray the secrets of or inform on someone.|leave a place, especially suddenly.

synonyms:
break|chop|cut|hew|lop|cleave|snap|crack|bust|break apart|fracture|rupture|fissure|come apart|splinter

origin:
late 16th century (originally in the sense ‘break up a ship’, describing the force of a storm or rock): from Middle Dutch splitten, of unknown ultimate origin.


word: SPLITTER
russian_word: сплиттер
example: a log splitter
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsplɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈsplɪtə
definition:
a person or thing occupied in or designed for splitting something.|a person, especially a taxonomist, who attaches more importance to differences than to similarities in classification.|a severe headache.


word: SPODE
russian_word: Спод
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spəʊd
phonetics_text: spəʊd
definition:
fine pottery or porcelain made at the factories of the English potter Josiah Spode (1755–1827) or his successors, characteristically consisting of ornately decorated and gilded services and large vases.


word: SPODUMENE
russian_word: сподумен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɒdjʊmiːn
phonetics_text: ˈspɒdjʊmiːn
definition:
a translucent, typically greyish-white aluminosilicate mineral which is an important source of lithium.

origin:
early 19th century: from French spodumène, from Greek spodoumenos ‘burning to ashes’, present participle of spodousthai, from spodos ‘ashes’.


word: SPOIL
russian_word: портить
antonyms: improve|enhance
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spɔɪl
phonetics_text: spɔɪl
example:
I wouldn't want to spoil your fun|the last thing I want to do is spoil Thomas|Cooper was spoiling for a fight|the enemy entered into Hereford, spoiled and fired the city, and razed the walls to the ground

definition:
diminish or destroy the value or quality of.|harm the character of (someone, especially a child) by being too lenient or indulgent.|be extremely or aggressively eager for.|rob (a person or a place) of goods or possessions by force or violence.

synonyms:
mar|damage|impair|blemish|disfigure|blight|flaw|deface|scar|injure|harm|ruin|destroy|wreck|be a blot on the landscape|disfeature

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘to plunder’): shortening of Old French espoille (noun), espoillier (verb), from Latin spoliare, from spolium ‘plunder, skin stripped from an animal’, or a shortening of despoil.


word: SPOILAGE
russian_word: порча
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈspɔɪlɪdʒ
definition:
the action or process of spoiling, especially the deterioration of food and other perishable goods.|waste produced by material being spoilt, especially paper that is spoilt in printing.


word: SPOILED
russian_word: испорченный
example: he acts like a spoiled brat|the smell of spoiled milk
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spɔɪld
phonetics_text: spɔɪld
definition:
(of a person, especially a child) harmed in character by being treated too leniently or indulgently.|(of food) having become unfit for eating.


word: SPOILER
russian_word: спойлер
example: it is a sad thing that so many so-called book lovers are book spoilers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɔɪlə
phonetics_text: ˈspɔɪlə
definition:
a description of an important plot development in a television show, film, or book which if previously known may reduce surprise or suspense for a first-time viewer or reader.|a person or thing that spoils something.|a flap on the wing of an aircraft that can be projected in order to create drag and so reduce speed.|an electronic device for preventing unauthorized copying of sound recordings by means of a disruptive signal inaudible on the original.


word: SPOILSPORT
russian_word: тот, кто портит удовольствие другим
example: ‘Don't be a spoilsport, Sidney.’
synonyms: killjoy|dog in the manger|misery|damper|wet blanket|party pooper|wowser
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɔɪlspɔːt
phonetics_text: ˈspɔɪlspɔːt
definition:
a person who behaves in a way that spoils others' pleasure, especially by not joining in an activity.


word: SPOKE
russian_word: спицами
definition: each of the bars or wire rods connecting the centre of a wheel to its outer edge.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spəʊk
phonetics_text: spəʊk
origin:
Old English spāca, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch speek, German Speiche, from the base of spike1.


word: SPOKESHAVE
russian_word: криволинейный струг
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspəʊkʃeɪv
phonetics_text: ˈspəʊkʃeɪv
definition:
a small plane with a handle on each side of its blade, used for shaping curved surfaces (originally wheel spokes).


word: SPOKESMAN
russian_word: представитель
example: a spokesman for Greenpeace
definition: a person who makes statements on behalf of a group or individual.
origin: early 16th century: formed irregularly from spoke2, on the pattern of words such as craftsman .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspəʊksmən
phonetics_text: ˈspəʊksmən
synonyms:
spokesperson|representative|agent|mouthpiece|voice|frontman|spokeswoman|negotiator|arbitrator|mediator|intermediary|middleman|go-between|moderator|broker|honest broker|delegate|spin doctor|spox|prolocutor|fugleman|negotiant


word: SPOLIATION
russian_word: грабеж
example: the spoliation of the countryside|the spoliation of the Church
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspəʊlɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌspəʊlɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of ruining or destroying something.|the action of taking goods or property from somewhere by violent means.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting pillaging): from Latin spoliatio(n- ), from the verb spoliare ‘strip, deprive’ (see spoil).


word: SPONDEE
russian_word: спондей
definition: a foot consisting of two long (or stressed) syllables.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɒndiː
phonetics_text: ˈspɒndiː
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or via Latin from Greek spondeios (pous) ‘(foot) of a libation’, from spondē ‘libation’ (being characteristic of music accompanying libations).


word: SPONGE
russian_word: губка
example: a chocolate sponge
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: spʌn(d)ʒ
definition:
a primitive sedentary aquatic invertebrate with a soft porous body that is typically supported by a framework of fibres or calcareous or glassy spicules. Sponges draw in a current of water to extract nutrients and oxygen.|a piece of a soft, light, porous absorbent substance originally consisting of the fibrous skeleton of an aquatic invertebrate but now usually made of synthetic material, used for washing and cleaning.|a light cake made by beating eggs with sugar, flour, and usually butter or other fat.|a person who lives at someone else's expense.|a heavy drinker.

origin:
Old English (in sponge (sense 2 of the noun)), via Latin from Greek spongia, later form of spongos, reinforced in Middle English by Old French esponge .


word: SPONGER
russian_word: паразит
definition: a person who lives at others' expense.|a person who applies decoration to pottery with a sponge.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌn(d)ʒə
phonetics_text: ˈspʌn(d)ʒə
synonyms:
parasite|hanger-on|leech|scrounger|passenger|drone|beggar|freeloader|junketeer|sponge|bum|bloodsucker|ligger|cadger|mooch|moocher|schnorrer|bludger


word: SPONGY
russian_word: губчатый
example: a soft, spongy blanket of moss
definition: like a sponge, especially in being porous, compressible, or absorbent.
antonyms: hard|solid
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspʌn(d)ʒi
phonetics_text: ˈspʌn(d)ʒi
synonyms:
soft|cushiony|cushioned|squashy|compressible|yielding|springy|resilient|elastic|porous|absorbent|absorptive|permeable|pervious|light|spongiform|squidgy|spongiose


word: SPONSOR
russian_word: спонсор
example: the production cost £50,000, most coming from local sponsors|a leading sponsor of the bill
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspɒnsə
phonetics_text: ˈspɒnsə
definition:
a person or organization that pays for or contributes to the costs involved in staging a sporting or artistic event in return for advertising.|a person who introduces and supports a proposal for legislation.

origin:
mid 17th century (as a noun): from Latin, from spondere ‘promise solemnly’. The verb dates from the late 19th century.


word: SPONSORED
russian_word: спонсируемый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɒnsəd
phonetics_text: ˈspɒnsəd
example:
in the past, sponsored research made up two-thirds of the budget|he's gearing up to take part in a 14-mile sponsored walk to raise money for a local animal charity

definition:
(of a project, activity, etc.) provided with funding by a particular organization or body.|denoting a fundraising event or activity in which each participant obtains promises from sponsors to donate a certain amount of money for the participant's completion of the activity.


word: SPONTANEOUS
russian_word: спонтанный
example: the audience broke into spontaneous applause
antonyms: planned|forced|calculated
origin: mid 17th century: from late Latin spontaneus (from ( sua) sponte ‘of (one's) own accord’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spɒnˈteɪnɪəs
phonetics_text: spɒnˈteɪnɪəs
definition:
performed or occurring as a result of a sudden impulse or inclination and without premeditation or external stimulus.

synonyms:
unforced|voluntary|unconstrained|unprompted|unbidden|unsolicited|unplanned|unpremeditated|unrehearsed|impulsive|impetuous|unstudied|impromptu|spur-of-the-moment|extempore|extemporaneous|unschooled|untaught|uninstructed|off-the-cuff


word: SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION
russian_word: самовозгорание
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the ignition of organic matter (e.g. hay or coal) without apparent cause, typically through heat generated internally by rapid oxidation.


word: SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
russian_word: самозарождение
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the supposed production of living organisms from non-living matter, as inferred from the apparent appearance of life in some supposedly sterile environments.


word: SPONTANEOUSLY
russian_word: спонтанно
example: the crowd spontaneously burst into song
definition: as a result of a sudden impulse and without premeditation.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli
phonetics_text: spɒnˈteɪnɪəsli
synonyms:
without being asked|of one's own accord|voluntarily|on impulse|impulsively|on the spur of the moment|extempore|extemporaneously|off the cuff


word: SPOOF
russian_word: пародия
example: a Robin Hood spoof|word got out that the whole thing had been a spoof
synonyms: parody|pastiche|burlesque|take-off|skit|imitation|send-up|pasquinade|pasticcio|piss-take
origin: late 19th century: coined by Arthur Roberts (1852–1933), English comedian.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spuːf
phonetics_text: spuːf
definition:
a humorous imitation of something, typically a film or a particular genre of film, in which its characteristic features are exaggerated for comic effect.|a trick played on someone as a joke.


word: SPOOKY
russian_word: жуткий
example: I bet this place is really spooky late at night|some horses are more spooky by nature than others
definition: sinister or ghostly in a way that causes fear and unease.|easily frightened; nervous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspuːki
phonetics_text: ˈspuːki
synonyms:
eerie|sinister|ghostly|uncanny|weird|unearthly|mysterious|frightening|spine-chilling|hair-raising|scaring|terrifying|petrifying|chilling|creepy|scary|spine-tingling


word: SPOOL
russian_word: шпуля
example: spools of electrical cable
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spuːl
phonetics_text: spuːl
definition:
a cylindrical device on which film, magnetic tape, thread, or other flexible materials can be wound; a reel.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a spool for thread): shortening of Old French espole or from Middle Low German spōle, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch spoel and German Spule . The verb dates from the early 17th century.


word: SPOON
russian_word: ложка
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spuːn
phonetics_text: spuːn
definition:
an implement consisting of a small, shallow oval or round bowl on a long handle, used for eating, stirring, and serving food.|a thing resembling a spoon in shape.

origin:
Old English spōn  ‘chip of wood’, of Germanic origin; related to German Span ‘shaving’. spoon (sense 1 of the noun) is of Scandinavian origin. The verb dates from the early 18th century.


word: SPOONBILL
russian_word: колпица
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspuːnbɪl
phonetics_text: ˈspuːnbɪl
definition:
a tall mainly white or pinkish wading bird related to ibises, having a long bill with a very broad flat tip.


word: SPOONERISM
russian_word: непроизвольная перестановка звуков
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspuːnərɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈspuːnərɪz(ə)m
definition:
a verbal error in which a speaker accidentally transposes the initial sounds or letters of two or more words, often to humorous effect, as in the sentence you have hissed the mystery lectures.

origin:
early 20th century: named after the Revd W. A. Spooner (1844–1930), an English scholar who reputedly made such errors in speaking.


word: SPORADIC
russian_word: спорадический
example: sporadic fighting broke out
definition: occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places; scattered or isolated.
antonyms: frequent|regular|steady|continuous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spəˈradɪk
phonetics_text: spəˈradɪk
synonyms:
occasional|infrequent|irregular|periodical|periodic|scattered|patchy|isolated|odd|uneven|intermittent|spasmodic|on and off|random|fitful|desultory|erratic|unpredictable

origin:
late 17th century: via medieval Latin from Greek sporadikos, from sporas, sporad- ‘scattered’; related to speirein ‘to sow’.


word: SPORE
russian_word: спора
origin: mid 19th century: from modern Latin spora, from Greek spora ‘sowing, seed’, from speirein ‘to sow’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spɔː
phonetics_text: spɔː
definition:
a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.


word: SPOROPHYTE
russian_word: спорофит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɒrəfʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspɒrəfʌɪt|ˈspɔːrəfʌɪt
definition:
(in the life cycle of plants with alternating generations) the asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from which the gametophyte arises. It is the dominant form in vascular plants, e.g. the frond of a fern.


word: SPOROZOITE
russian_word: спорозоита
origin: late 19th century: from sporo- ‘relating to spores’ + Greek zoion ‘animal’ + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌspɒrə(ʊ)ˈzəʊʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˌspɒrə(ʊ)ˈzəʊʌɪt|ˌspɔːrə(ʊ)ˈzəʊʌɪt
definition:
a motile spore-like stage in the life cycle of some parasitic sporozoans (e.g. the malaria organism), that is typically the infective agent introduced into a host.


word: SPORRAN
russian_word: кожаная сумка с мехом
origin: mid 18th century: from Scottish Gaelic sporan .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspɒr(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈspɒr(ə)n
definition:
a small pouch worn around the waist so as to hang in front of the kilt as part of men's Scottish Highland dress.


word: SPORT
russian_word: спорт
example: team sports such as soccer and rugby|go on, be a sport!
synonyms: (competitive) game(s)|physical recreation|physical activity|physical exercise|pastime
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘pastime, entertainment’): shortening of disport.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spɔːt
phonetics_text: spɔːt
definition:
an activity involving physical exertion and skill in which an individual or team competes against another or others for entertainment.|a person who behaves in a good or specified way in response to teasing, defeat, or a similarly trying situation.|an animal or plant showing abnormal or striking variation from the parent type, especially in form or colour, as a result of spontaneous mutation.


word: SPORTING
russian_word: спортивный
example: a major sporting event|it was jolly sporting of you to let me have first go
antonyms: unsporting|unfair
synonyms: sportsmanlike|sportsmanly|generous|gentlemanly|considerate|good|fair|just|honourable|decent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɔːtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈspɔːtɪŋ
definition:
connected with or interested in sport.|fair and generous in one's behaviour or treatment of others, especially in a contest.


word: SPORTIVE
russian_word: спортивный
example: Sir John was in sportive mood|Britain's architectural and sportive heritage
definition: playful; light-hearted.|relating to, interested in, or good at sport.
antonyms: solemn|staid
origin: late 16th century: from sport + -ive.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɔːtɪv
phonetics_text: ˈspɔːtɪv
synonyms:
playful|lively|full of fun|fun-loving|high-spirited|spirited|in high spirits|jolly|merry|light-hearted|blithe|gleeful|frisky|exuberant|perky|skittish|sprightly|coltish|jaunty|prankish|frolicking|romping|capering|full of beans|frolicky|frolicsome|gamesome|blithesome|frolic|wanton|ludic


word: SPOT
russian_word: место
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spɒt
phonetics_text: spɒt
example:
ladybirds have black spots on their red wing covers|a nice secluded spot|a spot of rain|trading in the spot markets|a ten-spot|her father was at the spot with his friends

definition:
a small round or roundish mark, differing in colour or texture from the surface around it.|a particular place or point.|a small amount of something.|denoting a system of trading in which commodities or currencies are delivered and paid for immediately after a sale.|short for spotlight.|a board for working plaster before application.|a banknote of a specified value.|a bar or other drinking establishment (usually in a private home in a township) that operates without an official permit.

synonyms:
mark|patch|pop|dot|speck|speckle|fleck|smudge|smear|stain|blotch|blot|splash|daub|petechia|splotch|splosh|splodge|macule|macula

origin:
Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch spotte . The sense ‘notice, recognize’ arose from the early 19th century slang use ‘note as a suspect or criminal’.


word: SPOTLESS
russian_word: безупречный
example: a spotless white apron
definition: absolutely clean or pure; immaculate.
antonyms: dirty|filthy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɒtləs
phonetics_text: ˈspɒtləs
synonyms:
perfectly clean|ultra-clean|pristine|immaculate|shining|shiny|gleaming|spick and span|freshly laundered|snowy|snowy white|snow white|whiter than white|unsoiled|unmarked|unstained|speckless


word: SPOTLIGHT
russian_word: прожектор
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈspɒtlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈspɒtlʌɪt
definition:
a lamp projecting a narrow, intense beam of light directly on to a place or person, especially a performer on stage.


word: SPOTTED
russian_word: пятнистый
example: a red spotted handkerchief
definition: marked or decorated with spots.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɒtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈspɒtɪd
synonyms:
mottled|dappled|dapple|pied|piebald|brindled|brindle|speckled|speckly|flecked|specked|stippled|splodgy|splotchy|macular|maculate|maculated|foxed|guttate|polka-dot|spotty|dotted|dotty


word: SPOTTY
russian_word: пятнистый
example: a spotty purple flower
definition: marked with spots.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspɒti
phonetics_text: ˈspɒti
synonyms:
spotted|mottled|speckled|speckly|flecked|specked|stippled|splodgy|splotchy|macular|maculate|maculated|foxed|guttate|polka-dot|dotted|dotty


word: SPOUSE
russian_word: супруг
definition: a husband or wife, considered in relation to their partner.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spaʊz
phonetics_text: spaʊz|spaʊs
synonyms:
husband|wife|partner|mate|consort|better half|other half|old man|old woman|old lady|hubby|missis|missus|wifey|old dutch|trouble and strife|her indoors|lady|helpmate|helpmeet

origin:
Middle English: from Old French spous(e ), variant of espous(e ), from Latin sponsus (masculine), sponsa (feminine), past participles of spondere ‘betroth’.


word: SPOUT
russian_word: носик
example: a teapot with a chipped spout|the tall spouts of geysers
synonyms: nozzle|lip|rose|sparkler|spile
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spaʊt
phonetics_text: spaʊt
definition:
a tube or lip projecting from a container, through which liquid can be poured.|a stream of liquid issuing from somewhere with great force.|a pipe or trough through which water may be carried away or from which it can flow out.

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): from Middle Dutch spouten, from an imitative base shared by Old Norse spýta ‘to spit’.


word: SPRAIN
russian_word: растяжение связок
example: he left in a wheelchair after spraining an ankle
synonyms: wrench|twist|turn|strain|crick|pull|stretch|tear|injure|hurt|damage|rick
origin: early 17th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spreɪn
phonetics_text: spreɪn
definition:
wrench or twist the ligaments of (an ankle, wrist, or other joint) violently so as to cause pain and swelling but not dislocation.


word: SPRAWL
russian_word: растягиваться
example: the door shot open, sending him sprawling across the pavement
definition: sit, lie, or fall with one's arms and legs spread out in an ungainly way.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: sprɔːl
phonetics_text: sprɔːl
synonyms:
stretch out|lounge|loll|lie|lie down|lie back|recline|drape oneself|be recumbent|be prostrate|be supine|slump|flop|slouch

origin:
Old English spreawlian  ‘move the limbs convulsively’; related to Danish sprælle ‘kick or splash about’. The noun dates from the early 18th century.


word: SPREAD
russian_word: распространение
antonyms: fold up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: sprɛd
phonetics_text: sprɛd
example:
I spread a towel on the sand and sat down|rain over north-west Scotland will spread south-east during the day|he sighed, spreading jam on a croissant

definition:
open out (something) so as to extend its surface area, width, or length.|extend over a large or increasing area.|apply (a substance) to an object or surface in an even layer.|lay (a table) for a meal.

synonyms:
lay out|open out|unfurl|unroll|roll out|shake out|straighten out|fan out|stretch out|extend|outspread

origin:
Old English -sprǣdan (used in combinations), of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch spreiden and German spreiten .


word: SPREADER
russian_word: распределитель
example: a fertilizer spreader|kids are the biggest spreaders of the virus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɛdə
phonetics_text: ˈsprɛdə
definition:
a device used for spreading or scattering a substance over a wide area.|a person who spreads or disseminates something.


word: SPREADSHEET
russian_word: таблица
example: we have a colour-coded Excel spreadsheet of all of our trip expenses
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɛdʃiːt
phonetics_text: ˈsprɛdʃiːt
definition:
an electronic document in which data is arranged in the rows and columns of a grid and can be manipulated and used in calculations.


word: SPRIG
russian_word: веточка
example: a sprig of holly|a sprig of the French nobility
synonyms: small stem|spray|twig|branch|branchlet
origin: Middle English: from or related to Low German sprick .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: sprɪɡ
phonetics_text: sprɪɡ
definition:
a small stem bearing leaves or flowers, taken from a plant.|a descendant or younger member of a family or social class.|a small moulded decoration applied to a piece of pottery before firing.


word: SPRIGHTLY
russian_word: веселый
example: she was quite sprightly for her age
definition: (especially of an old person) lively; full of energy.
antonyms: doddering|sluggish|lethargic|inactive
origin: late 16th century: from spright (rare variant of sprite) + -ly1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsprʌɪtli
phonetics_text: ˈsprʌɪtli
synonyms:
lively|spry|energetic|active|full of life|full of energy|vigorous|spirited|animated|vivacious|playful|jaunty|perky|frisky|agile|nimble|chipper|sparkly|zippy|zappy|full of vim and vigour|bright-eyed and bushy-tailed|full of beans|peppy|peart|wick|frolicsome|sportive|as lively/merry as a grig


word: SPRING
russian_word: весна
synonyms: leap|jump|bound|vault|hop|appear suddenly|appear unexpectedly|materialize|pop up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: sprɪŋ
phonetics_text: sprɪŋ
example:
I sprang out of bed|madness and creativity could spring from the same source|don't spring for the album until you've heard it|our science teacher sprung me acting the goat

definition:
move or jump suddenly or rapidly upwards or forwards.|originate or arise from.|(especially of wood) become warped or split.|pay for.|come upon (an illicit activity or its perpetrator).

origin:
Old English spring (noun), springan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German springen . Early use in the senses ‘head of a well’ and ‘rush out in a stream’ gave rise to the figurative use ‘originate’.


word: SPRINGBOARD
russian_word: трамплин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɪŋbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈsprɪŋbɔːd
definition:
a strong, flexible board from which someone may jump in order to gain added impetus when performing a dive or a gymnastic movement.|a platform fixed to the side of a tree and used by a lumberjack when working at some height from the ground.


word: SPRINGBOK
russian_word: газель
origin: late 18th century: from Afrikaans, from Dutch springen ‘to spring’ + bok ‘antelope’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɪŋbɒk
phonetics_text: ˈsprɪŋbɒk
definition:
a gazelle with a characteristic habit of leaping (pronking) when disturbed, forming large herds on plains in southern Africa.|the South African international rugby union team.


word: SPRINGER
russian_word: прыгун
example: for sale—two Friesian springers, first and second calvers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɪŋə
phonetics_text: ˈsprɪŋə
definition:
a small spaniel of a breed originally used to spring game. There are two main breeds, the English springer, typically black and white or brown and white, and the less common red and white Welsh springer.|the lowest stone in an arch, where the curve begins.|a cow or heifer near to calving.|any of a number of fish noted for leaping out of the water, especially the skipjack tuna or the tenpounder.


word: SPRINGTAIL
russian_word: ногохвостка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɪŋteɪl
phonetics_text: ˈsprɪŋteɪl
definition:
a minute primitive wingless insect which has a springlike organ under the abdomen that enables it to leap when disturbed. Springtails are abundant in the soil and leaf litter.


word: SPRINGY
russian_word: упругий
example: the springy turf
definition: springing back quickly when squeezed or stretched; elastic.
antonyms: hard|stiff|rigid
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsprɪŋi
phonetics_text: ˈsprɪŋi
synonyms:
elastic|stretchy|whippy|stretchable|tensile|flexible|bouncy|resilient|cushiony|spongy|rubbery|tensible


word: SPRINT
russian_word: спринт
example: I saw Charlie sprinting through the traffic towards me
definition: run at full speed over a short distance.
antonyms: walk
origin: late 18th century (as a dialect term meaning ‘a bound or spring’): related to Swedish spritta .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: sprɪnt
phonetics_text: sprɪnt
synonyms:
run|race|dart|rush|dash|hasten|hurry|scurry|scuttle|scamper|hare|bolt|bound|fly|gallop|career|charge|pound|shoot|hurtle|speed|streak|whizz|zoom|go like lightning|go hell for leather|go like the wind|flash|tear|pelt|scoot|hotfoot it|belt|zip|whip|go like a bat out of hell|step on it|get a move on|get cracking|put on some speed|stir one's stumps|hop it|bomb|go like the clappers|leg it|boogie|hightail it|barrel|get the lead out|cut along|post|hie


word: SPRITE
russian_word: эльф
origin: Middle English: alteration of sprit, a contraction of spirit.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sprʌɪt
phonetics_text: sprʌɪt
definition:
an elf or fairy.|a computer graphic which may be moved on-screen and otherwise manipulated as a single entity.|a faint flash, typically red, sometimes emitted in the upper atmosphere over a thunderstorm owing to the collision of high-energy electrons with air molecules.

synonyms:
fairy|elf|pixie|imp|brownie|puck|peri|goblin|hobgoblin|kelpie|leprechaun|nymph|dryad|sylph|naiad|faerie|fay|hob|nix|nixie|elfin


word: SPROCKET
russian_word: звездочка
origin: mid 16th century (denoting a triangular piece of timber used in a roof): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsprɒkɪt
phonetics_text: ˈsprɒkɪt
definition:
each of several projections on the rim of a wheel that engage with the links of a chain or with holes in film, tape, or paper.


word: SPROG
russian_word: малыш
definition: a child.|a military recruit or trainee.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: sprɒɡ
phonetics_text: sprɒɡ
origin:
1940s (originally services' slang): perhaps from obsolete sprag ‘lively young man’, of unknown origin.


word: SPRUCE
russian_word: ель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spruːs
phonetics_text: spruːs
definition:
a widespread coniferous tree which has a distinctive conical shape and hanging cones, widely grown for timber, pulp, and Christmas trees.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting Prussia or something originating in Prussia): alteration of obsolete Pruce ‘Prussia’. The application to the tree dates from the early 17th century.


word: SPRUCE
russian_word: ель
example: Angela was a very spruce and tidy person
definition: neat in dress and appearance.
antonyms: scruffy|untidy|dishevelled
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: spruːs
phonetics_text: spruːs
synonyms:
neat|well groomed|well turned out|well dressed|besuited|smart|trim|dapper|elegant|chic|soigné|natty|snazzy|spiffy|trig

origin:
late 16th century: perhaps from spruce1 in the obsolete sense ‘Prussian’, in the phrase spruce (leather) jerkin .


word: SPRY
russian_word: подвижный
example: he continued to look spry and active well into his eighties
definition: (especially of an old person) active; lively.
antonyms: doddery|inactive
origin: mid 18th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sprʌɪ
phonetics_text: sprʌɪ
synonyms:
sprightly|lively|energetic|active|full of life|full of energy|vigorous|spirited|animated|vivacious|playful|jaunty|perky|frisky|agile|nimble|chipper|sparkly|zippy|zappy|full of vim and vigour|full of beans|peppy|peart|wick|frolicsome|sportive|as lively as a grig


word: SPUD
russian_word: окучивать
example: a spud washer
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌd
phonetics_text: spʌd
definition:
a potato.|a small, narrow spade for cutting the roots of plants, especially weeds.|a short length of pipe that is used to connect two components or that takes the form of a projection from a fitting to which a pipe may be screwed.|a type of ice chisel.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a short knife): of unknown origin. The sense ‘potato’ (dating from the mid 19th century) was originally slang and dialect.


word: SPUNK
russian_word: сперма
example: she's got no spunk, or she'd have left him long ago
definition: courage and determination.|semen.|a sexually attractive person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spʌŋk
phonetics_text: spʌŋk
synonyms:
courage|bravery|pluck|pluckiness|courageousness|braveness|valour|mettle|gameness|daring|determination|spirit|backbone|strength of character|fortitude|nerve|guts|grit|bottle|ballsiness|cojones|sand|moxie|balls

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘a spark, vestige’): of unknown origin; perhaps a blend of spark1 and obsolete funk ‘spark’.


word: SPUR
russian_word: шпора
example: wars act as a spur to practical invention|it's an easy walk up the spur that leads to the summit
antonyms: disincentive|discouragement
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spəː
phonetics_text: spəː
definition:
a device with a small spike or a spiked wheel that is worn on a rider's heel and used for urging a horse forward.|a thing that prompts or encourages someone; an incentive.|a projection from a mountain or mountain range.|a small, single-pointed support for ceramic ware in a kiln.

synonyms:
stimulus|incentive|encouragement|stimulant|stimulation|inducement|impetus|prod|prompt|incitement|goad|fillip|motive|motivation|kick up the backside|shot in the arm

origin:
Old English spora, spura, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch spoor and German Sporn, also to spurn.


word: SPURGE
russian_word: молочай
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: spəːdʒ
phonetics_text: spəːdʒ
definition:
a herbaceous plant or shrub with milky latex and very small, typically greenish, flowers. Many kinds are cultivated as ornamentals and some are of commercial importance.

origin:
late Middle English: shortening of Old French espurge, from espurgier, from Latin expurgare ‘cleanse’ (because of the purgative properties of the milky latex).


word: SPURIOUS
russian_word: ложный
example: separating authentic and spurious claims
definition: not being what it purports to be; false or fake.
antonyms: authentic|genuine|real
origin: late 16th century (in the sense ‘born out of wedlock’): from Latin spurius ‘false’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈspjʊərɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈspjʊərɪəs
synonyms:
bogus|fake|not genuine|specious|false|factitious|counterfeit|fraudulent|trumped-up|sham|mock|feigned|pretended|contrived|fabricated|manufactured|fictitious|make-believe|invalid|fallacious|meretricious|artificial|imitation|simulated|ersatz|phoney|pseudo|pretend|cod|adulterine


word: SPURN
russian_word: отталкивать
example: he spoke gruffly, as if afraid that his invitation would be spurned
definition: reject with disdain or contempt.
origin: Old English spurnan, spornan ; related to Latin spernere ‘to scorn’; compare with spur.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spəːn
phonetics_text: spəːn
synonyms:
refuse|decline|say no to|reject|rebuff|scorn|turn down|turn away|repudiate|treat with contempt|disdain|look down one's nose at|despise|snub|slight|disown|jilt|repulse|repel|dismiss|brush off|turn one's back on|give someone the cold shoulder|cold-shoulder|ignore|cut (dead)|look right through|turn one's nose up at|give someone the brush-off|tell someone where to get off|put down|freeze out|stiff-arm|kick in the teeth|knock back|give someone the bum's rush|give someone the brush|snout|give someone the go-by


word: SPURT
russian_word: рывок
definition: gush out in a sudden and forceful stream.|move with a sudden burst of speed.
origin: mid 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: spəːt
phonetics_text: spəːt
example:
he cut his finger, and blood spurted over the sliced potatoes|the other car had spurted to the top of the ramp

synonyms:
squirt|shoot|spray|fountain|jet|erupt|gush|pour|stream|rush|pump|surge|spew|spill|flow|course|well|spring|burst|issue|emanate|disgorge|discharge|emit|belch forth|expel|eject|sloosh


word: SPUTNIK
russian_word: спутник
origin: Russian, literally ‘fellow-traveller’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʊtnɪk
phonetics_text: ˈspʊtnɪk|ˈspʌtnɪk
definition:
each of a series of Soviet artificial satellites, the first of which (launched on 4 October 1957) was the first satellite to be placed in orbit.


word: SPUTTER
russian_word: брызгать слюной
example: the engine sputtered and stopped
origin: late 16th century (as a verb): from Dutch sputteren, of imitative origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈspʌtə
phonetics_text: ˈspʌtə
definition:
make a series of soft explosive or spitting sounds.|deposit (metal) on a surface by using fast ions to eject particles of it from a target.


word: SPUTUM
russian_word: мокрота
origin: late 17th century: from Latin, neuter past participle of spuere ‘to spit’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspjuːtəm
phonetics_text: ˈspjuːtəm
definition:
a mixture of saliva and mucus coughed up from the respiratory tract, typically as a result of infection or other disease and often examined microscopically to aid medical diagnosis.


word: SPY
russian_word: шпион
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: spʌɪ
phonetics_text: spʌɪ
definition:
a person employed by a government or other organization to secretly obtain information on an enemy or competitor.

synonyms:
secret agent|undercover agent|enemy agent|foreign agent|secret service agent|intelligence agent|double agent|counterspy|industrial spy|fifth columnist|mole|plant|scout|control|handler|spook|snooper|intelligencer|beagle

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French espie ‘espying’, espier ‘espy’, of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin specere ‘behold, look’.


word: SPY
russian_word: шпион
example: he agreed to spy for the West|he could spy a figure in the distance
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: spʌɪ
phonetics_text: spʌɪ
definition:
work for a government or other organization by secretly obtaining information about enemies or competitors.|discern or make out, especially by careful observation.

synonyms:
be a spy|be engaged in spying|gather intelligence|work for the secret service|snoop|espionage|undercover work|cloak-and-dagger activities|surveillance|reconnaissance|intelligence|eavesdropping|cyberespionage|infiltration|counter-espionage|counter-intelligence|ninjutsu|bugging|wiretapping|recon

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French espie ‘espying’, espier ‘espy’, of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin specere ‘behold, look’.


word: SPYWARE
russian_word: шпионского
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈspʌɪwɛː
phonetics_text: ˈspʌɪwɛː
definition:
software that enables a user to obtain covert information about another's computer activities by transmitting data covertly from their hard drive.


word: SQUAB
russian_word: кушетка
definition: a young unfledged pigeon.|the padded back or side of a vehicle seat.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: skwɒb
phonetics_text: skwɒb
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘inexperienced person’): of unknown origin; compare with obsolete quab ‘shapeless thing’ and Swedish dialect skvabba ‘fat woman’.


word: SQUABBLE
russian_word: перебранка
example: family squabbles
definition: a noisy quarrel about something trivial.
origin: early 17th century: probably imitative; compare with Swedish dialect skvabbel ‘a dispute’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈskwɒb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒb(ə)l
synonyms:
quarrel|row|argument|fight|contretemps|disagreement|difference of opinion|dissension|falling-out|dispute|disputation|contention|clash|altercation|shouting match|exchange|war of words|tussle|conflict|fracas|affray|wrangle|tangle|passage of/at arms|battle royal|donnybrook|tiff|set-to|run-in|shindig|shindy|stand-up|spat|scrap|dust-up|barney|slanging match|bunfight|ding-dong|bust-up|ruck|afters|rammy|rhubarb|broil|miff|threap|collieshangie|tracasserie(s)


word: SQUADRON
russian_word: эскадра
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈskwɒdrən
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒdrən
definition:
an operational unit in an air force consisting of two or more flights of aircraft and the personnel required to fly them.

origin:
mid 16th century (originally denoting a group of soldiers in square formation): from Italian squadrone, from squadra ‘square’.


word: SQUALENE
russian_word: сквален
origin: early 20th century: from Latin squalus (see squalamine) + -ene.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈskweɪliːn
phonetics_text: ˈskweɪliːn
definition:
an oily liquid hydrocarbon which occurs in shark liver oil and human sebum, and is a metabolic precursor of sterols.


word: SQUALID
russian_word: убогий
example: the squalid, overcrowded prison
definition: (of a place) extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect.
antonyms: clean|pleasant
origin: late 16th century: from Latin squalidus, from squalere ‘be rough or dirty’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈskwɒlɪd
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒlɪd
synonyms:
dirty|filthy|grubby|grimy|mucky|slummy|slumlike|foul|vile|low|poor|sorry|wretched|dismal|dingy|miserable|mean|nasty|seedy|shabby|sordid|sleazy|insalubrious|slovenly|repulsive|disgusting|neglected|uncared-for|unmaintained|broken-down|run down|down at heel|dilapidated|ramshackle|tumbledown|gone to rack and ruin|crumbling|decaying|scruffy|scuzzy|crummy|shambly|grungy|ratty|tacky|grotty|shacky


word: SQUALL
russian_word: шквал
example: low clouds and squalls of driving rain|he emitted a short mournful squall
synonyms: gust|storm|blast|flurry|shower|gale|blow|rush|puff|scud|windstorm|thunderstorm
origin: mid 17th century: probably an alteration of squeal, influenced by bawl.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: skwɔːl
phonetics_text: skwɔːl
definition:
a sudden violent gust of wind or localized storm, especially one bringing rain, snow, or sleet.|a loud cry.


word: SQUALLY
russian_word: шквалистый
example: squally showers
definition: (of weather) characterized by squalls.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈskwɔːli
phonetics_text: ˈskwɔːli
synonyms:
stormy|gusty|gusting|blustery|blustering|windy|breezy|blowy|wild|violent|turbulent|tempestuous|rough|boisterous


word: SQUALOR
russian_word: убожество
example: they lived in squalor and disease
definition: the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially as a result of poverty or neglect.
antonyms: cleanliness
origin: early 17th century: from Latin, from squalere ‘be dirty’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈskwɒlə
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒlə
synonyms:
dirt|dirtiness|squalidness|filth|filthiness|grubbiness|grime|griminess|muck|muckiness|slumminess|foulness|vileness|poverty|wretchedness|dinginess|meanness|nastiness|seediness|shabbiness|sordidness|sleaziness|insalubrity|slovenliness|repulsiveness|neglect|decay|dilapidation|scruffiness|scuzziness|crumminess|grunge|grunginess|rattiness|tackiness|grottiness


word: SQUAMOSAL
russian_word: чешуйчатой
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin squamosus (from squama ‘scale’) + -al.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: skwəˈməʊs(ə)l
phonetics_text: skwəˈməʊs(ə)l
definition:
the squamous portion of the temporal bone, especially when this forms a separate bone which, in mammals, articulates with the lower jaw.


word: SQUANDER
russian_word: проматывать
example: £100m of taxpayers' money has been squandered on administering the tax
definition: waste (something, especially money or time) in a reckless and foolish manner.
antonyms: manage|make good use of|save
origin: late 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈskwɒndə
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒndə
synonyms:
waste|misspend|misuse|throw away|dissipate|fritter away|run through|lose|lavish|spend recklessly|spend unwisely|make poor use of|be prodigal with|spend money like water|blow|splurge|blue|splash out


word: SQUARE
russian_word: площадь
synonyms: marketplace|close|quadrangle|quad|courtyard|arcade|mall|galleria|precinct|forum|plaza|piazza
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: skwɛː
phonetics_text: skwɛː
example:
a grid of ruled squares|a market square|a circle's area is proportional to the square of its radius|a carpenter's square|Reg is such a square|three squares a day

definition:
a plane figure with four equal straight sides and four right angles.|an open, typically four-sided, area surrounded by buildings in a village, town, or city.|the product of a number multiplied by itself.|an L-shaped or T-shaped instrument used for obtaining or testing right angles.|a person considered to be old-fashioned or boringly conventional in attitude or behaviour.|a square meal.

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French esquare (noun), esquarre (past participle, used as an adjective), esquarrer (verb), based on Latin quadra ‘square’.


word: SQUARED
russian_word: в квадрате
definition: marked out in squares.|(of a number) multiplied by itself.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: skwɛːd
phonetics_text: skwɛːd
example:
a sheet of squared paper|add these squared numbers together, divide by the number of measurements, and then take the square root of the answer


word: SQUARE DANCE
russian_word: кадриль
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈskwɛː dɑːns
phonetics_text: ˈskwɛː dɑːns
definition:
a country dance of US origin that starts with four couples facing one another in a square, with the steps and movements shouted out by a caller.


word: SQUARE MEAL
russian_word: сытная еда
example: three square meals a day
definition: a substantial, satisfying, and balanced meal.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic:
said to derive from nautical use, with reference to the square platters on which meals were served on board ship.


word: SQUARE
russian_word: площадь
antonyms: trendy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: skwɛː
phonetics_text: skwɛː
example:
a square table|30,000 square feet of new gallery space|these lines must be square to the top and bottom marked edges|place two pieces of wood one on top of the other, ensuring that they are exactly square|an acknowledgement that we are square|Elvis was anything but square

definition:
having the shape or approximate shape of a square.|denoting a unit of measurement equal to the area of a square whose side is of the unit specified.|at right angles; perpendicular.|level or parallel.|(of two people) owing nothing to each other.|old-fashioned or boringly conventional.|(of rhythm) simple and straightforward.

synonyms:
quadrilateral|rectangular|oblong|right-angled|at right angles|perpendicular|straight|straight on|level|parallel|horizontal|upright|vertical|true|plane|cubic

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French esquare (noun), esquarre (past participle, used as an adjective), esquarrer (verb), based on Latin quadra ‘square’.


word: SQUARE UP
russian_word: спрямлять
example: the fighters squared up in the ring|would you square up the bill?
definition: assume the attitude of a person about to fight.|settle or pay an account.
synonyms:
pay|pay in full|settle|settle up|discharge|clear|defray|liquidate|satisfy|meet|account for|make good


word: SQUASH
russian_word: сквош
origin: mid 16th century (as a verb): alteration of quash.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: skwɒʃ
phonetics_text: skwɒʃ
example:
wash and squash the cans before depositing them|the mournful sound did nothing to squash her high spirits

definition:
crush or squeeze (something) with force so that it becomes flat, soft, or out of shape.|suppress or subdue (a feeling or action).

synonyms:
crush|squeeze|flatten|compress|press|smash|distort|mangle|pound|tamp down|trample (down)|stamp on|pulp|mash|cream|liquidize|beat|pulverize|macerate


word: SQUASHY
russian_word: мягкий
example: a big, squashy leather chair
definition: easily crushed or squeezed into a different shape; having a soft consistency.
antonyms: firm
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈskwɒʃi
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒʃi
synonyms:
springy|resilient|spongy|soft|pliant|pliable|yielding|supple|elastic|cushiony|compressible|tender|flexible|ductile|malleable|tensile|plastic|mushy|pulpy|pappy|slushy|sloppy|squelchy|squishy|oozy|doughy|semi-liquid|gooey|gloopy|squidgy|pulpous


word: SQUAT
russian_word: приземистый
example: I squatted down in front of him|eight families are squatting in the house
part_of_speech: verb|adjective|noun
phonetic: skwɒt
phonetics_text: skwɒt
definition:
crouch or sit with one's knees bent and one's heels close to or touching one's buttocks or the back of one's thighs.|unlawfully occupy an uninhabited building or settle on a piece of land.

synonyms:
crouch (down)|hunker (down)|sit on one's haunches|sit on one's heels|sit|bend down|bob down|duck down|hunch|cower|cringe|scooch

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘thrust down with force’): from Old French esquatir ‘flatten’, based on Latin coactus, past participle of cogere ‘compel’ (see cogent). The current sense of the adjective dates from the mid 17th century.


word: SQUATTER
russian_word: скваттер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈskwɒtə
phonetics_text: ˈskwɒtə
example:
the police moved in and evicted the squatters|one of the wealthiest and most prominent squatter families of northern Victoria

definition:
a person who unlawfully occupies an uninhabited building or unused land.|a large-scale sheep or cattle farmer.


word: SQUEAK
russian_word: писк
example: the door opened with a slight squeak
definition: a short, high-pitched sound or cry.
synonyms: peep|cheep|pipe|piping|squeal|tweet|warble|yelp|whimper|screech|creak|scrape|grate|rasp|jar|groan
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: skwiːk
phonetics_text: skwiːk
origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): imitative; compare with Swedish skväka ‘croak’, also with squeal and shriek. The noun dates from the early 17th century.


word: SQUEAKER
russian_word: доносчик
example: children blowing party squeakers|it looks like it will be a squeaker which could go either way
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈskwiːkə
phonetics_text: ˈskwiːkə
definition:
a person or thing that squeaks.|a competition or election won or likely to be won by a narrow margin.


word: SQUEAMISH
russian_word: щепетильный
example: I've always been squeamish about bugs
definition: easily made to feel sick or disgusted.
synonyms: easily nauseated|nervous|be put off by|cannot stand the sight of|… makes one feel sick
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈskwiːmɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈskwiːmɪʃ
origin:
late Middle English: alteration of dialect squeamous, from Anglo-Norman French escoymos, of unknown origin.


word: SQUEEGEE
russian_word: резиновая швабра
origin: mid 19th century: from archaic squeege ‘to press’, strengthened form of squeeze.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈskwiːdʒiː
phonetics_text: ˈskwiːdʒiː
definition:
a scraping implement with a rubber-edged blade set on a handle, typically used for cleaning windows.


word: SQUEEZE
russian_word: сжатие
origin: mid 16th century: from earlier squise, from obsolete queise, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: skwiːz
phonetics_text: skwiːz
example:
Kate squeezed his hand affectionately|Sarah squeezed in beside her|councils will want to squeeze as much money out of taxpayers as they can

definition:
firmly press (something soft or yielding), typically with one's fingers.|manage to get into or through a narrow or restricted space.|obtain (something) from someone with difficulty.

synonyms:
compress|press|crush|squash|pinch|nip|grasp|grip|clutch|flatten|knead|mash|pulp|wring|screw|hug|embrace|cuddle|clasp|enfold|envelop|enclasp|wrap|encircle|fold|take in one's arms|hold tight|hold close|cling to|strain


word: SQUEEZE OUT
russian_word: выжимать
example: squeeze out as much juice as you can|workers have been squeezed out of their jobs
definition:
extract liquid or a soft substance from something by compressing or twisting it firmly.|force someone out of an activity or post.


word: SQUIB
russian_word: петарда
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: skwɪb
phonetics_text: skwɪb
definition:
a small firework that burns with a hissing sound before exploding.|a short piece of satirical writing.|a small, slight, or weak person, especially a child.|a short kick on a kick-off.

origin:
early 16th century (in squib (sense 1 of the noun)): of unknown origin; perhaps imitative of a small explosion. The verb was first recorded in squib (sense 2 of the verb) (late 16th century).


word: SQUID
russian_word: кальмар
origin: late 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: skwɪd
phonetics_text: skwɪd
definition:
an elongated, fast-swimming cephalopod mollusc with eight arms and two long tentacles, typically able to change colour.


word: SQUILL
russian_word: морской лук
origin: late Middle English: via Latin from Greek skilla .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: skwɪl
phonetics_text: skwɪl
definition:
a coastal Mediterranean plant of the lily family, with broad leaves, white flowers, and a very large bulb.|a small plant of the lily family, which resembles a hyacinth and has slender straplike leaves and small clusters of violet-blue or blue-striped flowers.


word: SQUINT
russian_word: косоглазие
example: the bright sun made them squint|Melanie did not squint
synonyms: screw up one's eyes|narrow one's eyes|peer|blink|squinny
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense ‘squinting’, as in squint-eyed): shortening of asquint.
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
phonetic: skwɪnt
phonetics_text: skwɪnt
definition:
look at someone or something with one or both eyes partly closed in an attempt to see more clearly or as a reaction to strong light.|have eyes that look in different directions.


word: SQUIRE
russian_word: оруженосец
example: the squire of Radbourne Hall
synonyms: landowner|landholder|landlord|lord of the manor|country gentleman
origin: Middle English (in squire (sense 2 of the noun)): shortening of Old French esquier ‘esquire’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: skwʌɪə
phonetics_text: skwʌɪə
definition:
a man of high social standing who owns and lives on an estate in a rural area, especially the chief landowner in such an area.|a young nobleman acting as an attendant to a knight before becoming a knight himself.|a subadult snapper fish ( Chrysophrys auratus ).


word: SQUIREARCHY
russian_word: помещичий класс
origin: late 18th century: from squire, on the pattern of words such as hierarchy .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈskwʌɪəˌrɑːki
phonetics_text: ˈskwʌɪəˌrɑːki
definition:
landowners collectively, especially when considered as a class having political or social influence.


word: SQUIRM
russian_word: извиваться
example: he looked uncomfortable and squirmed in his chair
definition: wriggle or twist the body from side to side, especially as a result of nervousness or discomfort.
origin: late 17th century: symbolic of writhing movement; probably associated with worm.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: skwəːm
phonetics_text: skwəːm
synonyms:
wriggle|wiggle|writhe|twist|slide|slither|turn|shift|fidget|jiggle|twitch|thresh|flounder|flail|toss and turn|agonize


word: SQUIRREL
russian_word: белка
definition: an agile tree-dwelling rodent with a bushy tail, typically feeding on nuts and seeds.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈskwɪr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈskwɪr(ə)l
origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French esquireul, from a diminutive of Latin sciurus, from Greek skiouros, from skia ‘shade’ + oura ‘tail’. Current verb senses date from the early 20th century.


word: SQUIRT
russian_word: шприц
origin: Middle English (as a verb): imitative.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: skwəːt
phonetics_text: skwəːt
example:
she squirted soda into a glass|radio equipment could squirt a million words from one continent to another

definition:
cause (a liquid) to be ejected from a small opening in a thin, fast stream or jet.|transmit (information) in highly compressed or speeded-up form.


word: STAB
russian_word: удар ножом
example: he stabbed her in the stomach
definition: thrust a knife or other pointed weapon into (someone) so as to wound or kill.
origin: late Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stab
phonetics_text: stab
synonyms:
knife|run through|skewer|spear|bayonet|gore|spike|stick|impale|transfix|pierce|prick|puncture|penetrate|perforate|gash|slash|cut|tear|scratch|wound|injure|transpierce


word: STABILE
russian_word: стабильный
origin: 1940s: from Latin stabilis ‘stable’, influenced by mobile.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪbʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪbʌɪl
definition:
a free-standing abstract sculpture or structure, typically of wire or sheet metal, in the style of a mobile but rigid and stationary.


word: STABILITY
russian_word: стабильность
example: there are fears for the political stability of the area
definition: the state of being stable.
origin: Middle English: from Old French stablete, from Latin stabilitas, from stabilis ‘stable’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: stəˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
firmness|solidity|steadiness|secureness|strength|fastness|stoutness|sturdiness|security|safety|balance|balance of mind|mental health|soundness|rationality|reason|lucidity|lucidness|sense|sanity|saneness|right-mindedness|sureness|durability|lasting nature|enduring nature|constancy|permanence|changelessness|invariability|immutability|indestructibility|reliability|dependability|lastingness|perdurability|perenniality|imperishability|inalterability|unchangeableness|unchangeability


word: STABILIZER
russian_word: стабилизатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪbɪlʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪbɪlʌɪzə
definition:
a thing used to keep something steady or stable.|a substance which prevents the breakdown of emulsions, especially in foods and paints.


word: STABLE
russian_word: стабильный
example: specially designed dinghies that are very stable
definition: (of an object or structure) not likely to give way or overturn; firmly fixed.
antonyms: unstable|rickety
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, from Latin stabilis, from the base of stare ‘to stand’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsteɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
firm|solid|steady|secure|fixed|strong|fast|stout|sturdy|safe|moored|anchored|stuck down|immovable|well built|well constructed|substantial


word: STACK
russian_word: стек
example: a stack of boxes
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse stakkr ‘haystack’, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stak
phonetics_text: stak
definition:
a pile of objects, typically one that is neatly arranged.|a chimney, especially one on a factory, or a vertical exhaust pipe on a vehicle.|a measure for a pile of wood of 108 cu. ft (3.06 cubic metres).

synonyms:
heap|pile|mound|mountain|pyramid|mass|store|stockpile|hoard|load|tower|drift|clamp|hack|cold deck|rickle|bing


word: STACKED
russian_word: сложены
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stakt
phonetics_text: stakt
example:
the stacked chairs|you were playing against a stacked deck|an operating system that allows for stacked jobs

definition:
(of a number of things) put or arranged in a stack or stacks.|(of a pack of cards) shuffled or arranged dishonestly so as to gain an unfair advantage.|(of a woman) having large breasts.|(of a task) placed in a queue for subsequent processing.


word: STADIUM
russian_word: стадион
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪdɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪdɪəm
definition:
an athletic or sports ground with tiers of seats for spectators.|an ancient Roman or Greek measure of length, about 185 metres (originally the length of a stadium).

synonyms:
arena|field|ground|bowl|amphitheatre|coliseum|colosseum|enclosure|ring|dome|astrodome|manège|track|course|racetrack|racecourse|speedway|velodrome|pitch|gayelle|circus|cirque

origin:
late Middle English (in stadium (sense 2)): via Latin from Greek stadion . Sense 1 dates from the mid 19th century.


word: STADTHOLDER
russian_word: штатгальтер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstadˌhəʊldə
phonetics_text: ˈstadˌhəʊldə|ˈstatˌhəʊldə
definition:
(from the 15th century to the late 18th century) the chief magistrate of the United Provinces of the Netherlands.

origin:
mid 16th century: from Dutch stadhouder ‘deputy’, from stad ‘place’ + houder ‘holder’, translating medieval Latin locum tenens .


word: STAFF
russian_word: персонал
example: a staff of 600|the Polish General and his staff|a shepherd's staff
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɑːf
phonetics_text: stɑːf
definition:
all the people employed by a particular organization.|a group of officers assisting an officer in command of an army formation or administration headquarters.|a long stick used as a support when walking or climbing or as a weapon.|another term for stave (sense 2).

synonyms:
employees|workers|workforce|personnel|hands|hired hands|labourers|human resources|manpower|labour|office workers|white-collar workers|assistants|secretaries|teachers|lecturers|doctors|nurses|interns|liveware

origin:
Old English stæf (in staff1 (sense 3 of the noun)), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch staf and German Stab .


word: STAFFAGE
russian_word: Стаффаж
definition: accessory items in a painting, especially figures or animals in a landscape picture.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəˈfɑːʒ
phonetics_text: stəˈfɑːʒ
origin:
late 19th century: from German, from staffieren ‘decorate’, perhaps from Old French estoffer, from estoffe ‘stuff’.


word: STAG
russian_word: предназначенный только для мужчин
example: a stag event|stags made an average profit of £60 each
origin: Middle English (as a noun): related to Old Norse steggr ‘male bird’, Icelandic steggi ‘tomcat’.
part_of_speech: noun|adverb|verb
phonetic: staɡ
phonetics_text: staɡ
definition:
a male deer, especially a male red deer after its fifth year.|a social gathering attended by men only.|a person who applies for shares in a new issue with a view to selling at once for a profit.


word: STAGE
russian_word: этап
synonyms: phase|period|juncture|step|point|time|moment|instant|division|level
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: steɪdʒ
phonetics_text: steɪdʒ
example:
there is no need at this stage to give explicit details|there are only two characters on stage|the upper stage was added in the 17th century|the Oxfordian stage

definition:
a point, period, or step in a process or development.|a raised floor or platform, typically in a theatre, on which actors, entertainers, or speakers perform.|a floor or level of a building or structure.|(in chronostratigraphy) a range of strata corresponding to an age in time, forming a subdivision of a series.|a stagecoach.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a floor of a building, platform, or stopping place): shortening of Old French estage ‘dwelling’, based on Latin stare ‘to stand’. Current senses of the verb date from the early 17th century.


word: STAGECOACH
russian_word: дилижанс
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪdʒkəʊtʃ
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪdʒkəʊtʃ
definition:
a large closed horse-drawn vehicle formerly used to carry passengers and often mail along a regular route between two places.


word: STAGE DIRECTION
russian_word: режиссура
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an instruction in the text of a play indicating the movement, position, or tone of an actor, or the sound effects and lighting.


word: STAGER
russian_word: бывалый человек
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪdʒə
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪdʒə
example:
it's common for stagers to declutter and depersonalize homes by putting furniture and family photos into storage

definition:
a person whose job is to style and furnish properties for sale in such a way as to enhance their attractiveness to potential buyers.|an actor.


word: STAGFLATION
russian_word: стагфляция
origin: 1960s: blend of stagnation (see stagnate) and inflation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: staɡˈfleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: staɡˈfleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
persistent high inflation combined with high unemployment and stagnant demand in a country's economy.


word: STAGGER
russian_word: шатаются
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstaɡə
phonetics_text: ˈstaɡə
example:
he staggered to his feet, swaying a little|I was staggered to find it was six o'clock|meetings are staggered throughout the day

definition:
walk or move unsteadily, as if about to fall.|astonish or deeply shock.|arrange (events, payments, hours, etc.) so that they do not occur at the same time.

synonyms:
lurch|walk unsteadily|reel|sway|teeter|totter|stumble|wobble|move clumsily|weave|flounder|falter|pitch|roll

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): alteration of dialect stacker, from Old Norse stakra, frequentative of staka ‘push, stagger’. The noun dates from the late 16th century.


word: STAGGERS
russian_word: колер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstaɡəz
phonetics_text: ˈstaɡəz
definition:
any of several parasitic or acute deficiency diseases of farm animals characterized by staggering or loss of balance.


word: STAGING
russian_word: инсценировка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪdʒɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪdʒɪŋ
example:
the quality of staging and design|home staging has become a huge trend in the real estate industry|pairs of ladders can be bridged with staging|post-operative staging was performed

definition:
the method of presenting a play or other dramatic performance.|the activity or practice of styling and furnishing a property for sale in such a way as to enhance its attractiveness to potential buyers.|a stage or set of stages or temporary platforms arranged as a support for performers or between different levels of scaffolding.|diagnosis or classification of the particular stage reached by a progressive disease.|the arrangement of stages in a rocket or spacecraft.


word: STAGNANT
russian_word: застойный
example: a stagnant ditch
antonyms: flowing|running|fresh
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstaɡnənt
phonetics_text: ˈstaɡnənt
definition:
(of a body of water or the atmosphere of a confined space) having no current or flow and often having an unpleasant smell as a consequence.

synonyms:
still|motionless|immobile|inert|lifeless|dead|standing|slack|static|stationary|foul|stale|dirty|filthy|putrid|putrefied|brackish

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin stagnant- ‘forming a pool of standing water’, from the verb stagnare, from stagnum ‘pool’.


word: STAGNATE
russian_word: застаиваться
definition: (of water or air) cease to flow or move; become stagnant.
antonyms: flow
synonyms: stop flowing|become stagnant|become trapped|stand|become foul|become stale|fester|putrefy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: staɡˈneɪt
phonetics_text: staɡˈneɪt|ˈstaɡneɪt
origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin stagnat- ‘settled as a still pool’, from the verb stagnare, from stagnum ‘pool’.


word: STAID
russian_word: степенный
example: staid law firms
definition: sedate, respectable, and unadventurous.
antonyms: frivolous|daring|informal
origin: mid 16th century: archaic past participle of stay1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: steɪd
phonetics_text: steɪd
synonyms:
sedate|respectable|quiet|serious|serious-minded|steady|conventional|traditional|unadventurous|unenterprising|set in one's ways|grave|solemn|severe|sombre|sober|proper|decorous|formal|stuffy|prim|demure|prissy|stiff|starchy|uptight|stick-in-the-mud


word: STAIN
russian_word: пятно
example: her clothing was stained with blood|wood can always be stained to a darker shade
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: steɪn
phonetics_text: steɪn
definition:
mark or discolour with something that is not easily removed.|colour (a material or object) by applying a penetrative dye or chemical.

synonyms:
discolour|blemish|soil|mark|muddy|spot|spatter|splatter|smear|splash|smudge|blotch|blacken|dirty|get/make dirty|get/make filthy|sully|spoil|defile|pollute|contaminate|foul|befoul|grime|begrime|besmirch

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): shortening of archaic distain, from Old French desteindre ‘tinge with a colour different from the natural one’. The noun was first recorded (mid 16th century) in the sense ‘defilement, disgrace’.


word: STAIR
russian_word: ступенька
example: he came up the stairs
definition: a set of steps leading from one floor of a building to another, typically inside the building.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɛː
phonetics_text: stɛː
origin:
Old English stǣger, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch steiger ‘scaffolding’, from a base meaning ‘climb’.


word: STAIRLIFT
russian_word: подъемник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛːlɪft
phonetics_text: ˈstɛːlɪft
definition:
a lift in the form of a chair that can be raised or lowered at the edge of a domestic staircase, used for carrying a person with walking difficulties.


word: STAKE
russian_word: доля
origin: Old English staca, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch staak, also to stick2.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: steɪk
phonetics_text: steɪk
definition:
a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end, driven into the ground to support a plant, form part of a fence, mark a boundary, etc.|a metalworker's small anvil, typically with a projection for fitting into a socket on a bench.|a territorial division of the Mormon Church under the jurisdiction of a president.

synonyms:
post|pole|stick|spike|upright|support|prop|strut|stave|pale|paling|picket|pile|piling|stanchion|shaft|cane|beanpole|rod|mast|palisade


word: STAKEHOLDER
russian_word: заинтересованных сторон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪkhəʊldə
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪkhəʊldə
definition:
(in gambling) an independent party with whom each of those who make a wager deposits the money or counters wagered.|a person with an interest or concern in something, especially a business.


word: STALACTITE
russian_word: сталактит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstaləktʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstaləktʌɪt
definition:
a tapering structure hanging like an icicle from the roof of a cave, formed of calcium salts deposited by dripping water.

origin:
late 17th century: from modern Latin stalactites, from Greek stalaktos ‘dripping’, based on stalassein ‘to drip’.


word: STALAG
russian_word: Шталаг
origin: German, contraction of Stammlager, from Stamm ‘base, main stock’ + Lager ‘camp’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstalaɡ
phonetics_text: ˈstalaɡ|ˈʃtalaɡ
definition:
(in the Second World War) a German prison camp, especially for non-commissioned officers and privates.


word: STALAGMITE
russian_word: сталагмит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstaləɡmʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstaləɡmʌɪt
definition:
a mound or tapering column rising from the floor of a cave, formed of calcium salts deposited by dripping water and often uniting with a stalactite.

origin:
late 17th century: from modern Latin stalagmites, from Greek stalagma ‘a drop’, based on stalassein (see stalactite).


word: STALE
russian_word: черствый
example: stale bread
definition: (of food) no longer fresh and pleasant to eat; hard, musty, or dry.
antonyms: fresh
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: steɪl
phonetics_text: steɪl
synonyms:
dry|dried out|hard|hardened|old|past its best|past its sell-by date|off|mouldy|rotten|decayed|unfresh|rancid|rank

origin:
Middle English (describing beer in the sense ‘clear from long standing, strong’): probably from Anglo-Norman French and Old French, from estaler ‘to halt’; compare with the verb stall.


word: STALEMATE
russian_word: тупик
example: the war had again reached stalemate|last time I played him it ended up in stalemate
synonyms: deadlock|impasse|standstill|dead end|stand-off|draw|tie|dead heat
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsteɪlmeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪlmeɪt
definition:
a situation in which further action or progress by opposing or competing parties seems impossible.|a position counting as a draw, in which a player is not in check but cannot move except into check.

origin:
mid 18th century: from obsolete stale (from Anglo-Norman French estale ‘position’, from estaler ‘be placed’) + mate2.


word: STALEMATED
russian_word: в патовой ситуации
example: the currently stalemated peace talks
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsteɪlmeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪlmeɪtɪd
definition:
having reached a situation in which further action or progress by opposing or competing parties seems impossible.


word: STALK
russian_word: стебель
example: he chewed a stalk of grass
definition: the main stem of a herbaceous plant.
origin: Middle English: probably a diminutive of dialect stale ‘rung of a ladder, long handle’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɔːk
phonetics_text: stɔːk
synonyms:
stem|shoot|trunk|stock|cane|bine|bent|haulm|straw|reed|branch|bough|twig|pedicel|peduncle|petiole|phyllode|scape|seta|stipe|caudex|axis


word: STALKER
russian_word: сталкер
example: Tracy claimed she was the victim of a stalker|a keen fisherman and deer stalker
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːkə
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːkə
definition:
a person who harasses or persecutes someone with unwanted and obsessive attention.|a person who hunts game stealthily.


word: STALL
russian_word: киоск
synonyms: stand|table|counter|booth|kiosk|compartment
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɔːl
phonetics_text: stɔːl
example:
fruit and vegetable stalls|a stalls seat|speed must be maintained to avoid a stall and loss of control

definition:
a stand, booth, or compartment for the sale of goods in a market or large covered area.|an individual compartment for an animal in a stable or cowshed, enclosed on three sides.|a fixed seat in the choir or chancel of a church, enclosed at the back and sides and often canopied, typically reserved for a particular member of the clergy.|the seats on the ground floor in a theatre.|an instance of an engine, vehicle, aircraft, or boat stalling.

origin:
Old English steall  ‘stable or cattle shed’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stal, also to stand. Early senses of the verb included ‘reside, dwell’ and ‘bring to a halt’.


word: STALLION
russian_word: жеребец
definition: an uncastrated adult male horse.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstaljən
phonetics_text: ˈstaljən
origin:
Middle English: from an Anglo-Norman French variant of Old French estalon, from a derivative of a Germanic base shared by stall.


word: STALWART
russian_word: рослый
example: he remained a stalwart supporter of the cause
definition: loyal, reliable, and hard-working.
antonyms: disloyal|unfaithful|unreliable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːlwət
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːlwət|ˈstɒlwət
synonyms:
staunch|loyal|faithful|committed|devoted|dedicated|dependable|reliable|steady|constant|trusty|hard-working|vigorous|stable|firm|steadfast|redoubtable|resolute|unswerving|unwavering|unhesitating|unfaltering

origin:
late Middle English: Scots variant of obsolete stalworth, from Old English stǣl ‘place’ + weorth ‘worth’.


word: STAMEN
russian_word: тычинка
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘warp in an upright loom, thread’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪmən
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪmən
definition:
the male fertilizing organ of a flower, typically consisting of a pollen-containing anther and a filament.


word: STAMINA
russian_word: выносливость
example: their secret is stamina rather than speed
definition: the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstamɪnə
phonetics_text: ˈstamɪnə
synonyms:
endurance|staying power|indefatigability|tirelessness|resistance|resilience|fortitude|strength|vigour|energy|staunchness|steadfastness|robustness|toughness|determination|tenacity|perseverance|grit

origin:
late 17th century (in the sense ‘rudiments, essential elements of something’): from Latin, plural of stamen in the sense ‘threads spun by the Fates’.


word: STAMMER
russian_word: заикание
example: he turned red and started stammering
definition: speak with sudden involuntary pauses and a tendency to repeat the initial letters of words.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstamə
phonetics_text: ˈstamə
synonyms:
stutter|speak haltingly|stumble over one's words|hesitate|falter|fumble for words|pause|halt|mumble|splutter

origin:
late Old English stamerian, of West Germanic origin; related to stumble. The noun dates from the late 18th century.


word: STAMP
russian_word: печать
example: he stamped his foot in frustration|the woman stamped my passport|Annie stamped the envelope for her
synonyms: imprint|print|impress|punch|inscribe|engrave|chase|etch|carve|emboss|deboss|brand|frank|mark|label
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stamp
phonetics_text: stamp
definition:
bring down (one's foot) heavily on the ground or on something on the ground.|impress a pattern or mark on (a surface, object, or document) using an engraved or inked block or die.|fix a postage stamp or stamps on to (a letter).|crush or pulverize (ore).

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘crush to a powder’): of Germanic origin; related to German stampfen ‘stamp with the foot’; reinforced by Old French estamper ‘to stamp’. Compare with stomp.


word: STAMPEDE
russian_word: паническое бегство
example: the herd was fleeing back to the high land in a wild stampede
definition: a sudden panicked rush of a number of horses, cattle, or other animals.
synonyms: charge|panic|rush|flight|rout|scattering
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stamˈpiːd
phonetics_text: stamˈpiːd
origin:
early 19th century: Mexican Spanish use of Spanish estampida ‘crash, uproar’, of Germanic origin; related to the verb stamp.


word: STANCE
russian_word: позиция
example: she altered her stance, resting all her weight on one leg
synonyms: posture|body position|pose|attitude|bearing
origin: Middle English (denoting a standing place): from French, from Italian stanza .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɑːns
phonetics_text: stɑːns|stans
definition:
the way in which someone stands, especially when deliberately adopted (as in cricket, golf, and other sports); a person's posture.|a site on a street for a market, street vendor's stall, or taxi rank.|a ledge or foothold on which a belay can be secured.


word: STANCHION
russian_word: стойка
definition: an upright bar, post, or frame forming a support or barrier.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstanʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈstanʃ(ə)n
origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French stanchon, from Old French estanchon, from estance ‘a support’, probably based on Latin stant- ‘standing’, from the verb stare .


word: STAND
russian_word: стоять
antonyms: sit|lie
synonyms: be on one's feet|be upright|be erect|be vertical
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stand
phonetics_text: stand
example:
Lionel stood in the doorway|the town stood on a hill|since mother's death the house had stood empty|small, stable boats that could stand the punishment of heavy seas|he stood for parliament in 1968|somebody in the bar would stand him a beer

definition:
have or maintain an upright position, supported by one's feet.|(of an object, building, or settlement) be situated in a particular place or position.|be in a specified state or condition.|withstand (an experience or test) without being damaged.|be a candidate in an election.|provide (food or drink) for (someone) at one's own expense.|act as umpire in a cricket match.

origin:
Old English standan (verb), stand (noun), of Germanic origin, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin stare and Greek histanai, also by the noun stead.


word: STANDARD
russian_word: стандарт
example: their restaurant offers a high standard of service|the wages are low by today's standards
synonyms: quality|level|grade|degree|worth|calibre|merit|excellence
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstandəd
phonetics_text: ˈstandəd
definition:
a level of quality or attainment.|something used as a measure, norm, or model in comparative evaluations.|(especially with reference to jazz or blues) a tune or song of established popularity.|a military or ceremonial flag carried on a pole or hoisted on a rope.|a tree or shrub that grows on an erect stem of full height.|an upright water or gas pipe.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a flag raised on a pole as a rallying point, the authorized exemplar of a unit of measurement, or an upright timber): shortening of Old French estendart, from estendre ‘extend’; in standard (sense 4 of the noun, sense 5 of the noun, sense 6 of the noun), influenced by the verb stand.


word: STANDARDIZE
russian_word: стандартизировать
example: in quoting from the letters, I have standardized the spelling and punctuation
definition: cause (something) to conform to a standard.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstandədʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈstandədʌɪz
synonyms:
systematize|make consistent|make uniform|make comparable|regulate|normalize|bring into line|equalize|homogenize|assimilate|regiment|mass-produce|stereotype|methodize


word: STANDBY
russian_word: резервный
example: buses were placed on standby for the journey to London|passengers were obliged to go on standby
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstan(d)bʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈstan(d)bʌɪ
definition:
readiness for duty or immediate deployment.|the state of waiting to secure an unreserved place for a journey or performance, allocated on the basis of earliest availability.


word: STAND BY
russian_word: присутствовать
antonyms: stand down
example:
he was beaten to the ground as onlookers stood by|two battalions were on their way, and a third was standing by|she had stood by him during his years in prison

definition:
be present while something bad is happening but fail to take any action to stop it.|be ready to deal or assist with something.|support or remain loyal to someone, typically in a time of need.

synonyms:
wait|be prepared|be in (a state of) readiness|be ready for action|be on full alert|be at battle stations|wait in the wings


word: STAND FOR
russian_word: символизировать
antonyms: oppose
example:
BBC stands for British Broadcasting Corporation|I won't stand for any nonsense|we stand for animal welfare

definition:
be an abbreviation of or symbol for something.|refuse to endure or tolerate something.|support a cause or principle.

synonyms:
mean|be an abbreviation of|represent|signify|denote|indicate|correspond to|be equivalent to|symbolize|betoken


word: STAND IN
russian_word: дублировать
example: I'll stand in as coach|a little boat stood in and landed ten persons
definition: deputize.|sail closer to the shore.
synonyms:
deputize|act|act as deputy|substitute|act as substitute|act as stand-in|fill in|sit in|do duty|take over|act as understudy|act as locum|do a locum|be a proxy|cover|provide cover|hold the fort|step into the breach|take the place of|replace|relieve|take over from|understudy|sub|fill someone's shoes/boots|pinch-hit


word: STAND-IN
russian_word: благоприятное положение
example: a stand-in goalkeeper
definition: a person who stands in for another, especially in a match or performance; a substitute.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstandɪn
phonetics_text: ˈstandɪn
synonyms:
substitute|replacement|reserve|representative|deputy|surrogate|lieutenant|second|second string|proxy|understudy|double|locum|supply|fill-in|cover|relief|stopgap|standby|temp|locum tenens|pinch-hitter|second-string|acting|temporary|provisional|caretaker|pinch-hitting


word: STANDING
russian_word: положение
example: their standing in the community|an inter-departmental squabble of long standing
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstandɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstandɪŋ
definition:
position, status, or reputation.|the length of time that something has lasted or that someone has fulfilled a role; duration.|a stall for cattle and horses.

synonyms:
status|rank|ranking|position|social position|station|level|footing|place|repute|reputation|estimation|stature|condition|degree|report|seniority|eminence|prominence|prestige|good reputation|esteem|illustriousness|importance|account|consequence|influence|weight|sway|distinction|renown|note|notability|noteworthiness|clout|mark


word: STANDING ORDER
russian_word: регламент
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an instruction to a bank by an account holder to make regular fixed payments to a particular person or organization.|an order for a commodity placed on a regular basis with a retailer such as a newsagent.|an order or ruling governing the procedures of a parliament or other society or council.|a military order or ruling that is retained irrespective of changing conditions.


word: STANDISH
russian_word: Стэндиш
definition: a stand for holding pens, ink, and other writing equipment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstandɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈstandɪʃ
origin:
Middle English: commonly held to be from the verb stand + dish, but evidence of such a use of dish is lacking.


word: STANDPIPE
russian_word: напорная труба
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstan(d)pʌɪp
phonetics_text: ˈstan(d)pʌɪp
definition:
a vertical pipe extending from a water supply, especially one connecting a temporary tap to the mains.


word: STANDPOINT
russian_word: точка зрения
example: she writes on religion from the standpoint of a believer
definition: an attitude to a particular issue.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstan(d)pɔɪnt
phonetics_text: ˈstan(d)pɔɪnt
synonyms:
point of view|viewpoint|vantage point|attitude|stance|stand|view|opinion|position|way of thinking|frame of mind|outlook|perspective|angle|slant


word: STAND UP
russian_word: вставать
antonyms: fall down
example:
the two men stood up and shook hands|you need to have hard evidence that will stand up in court|she threw eggs over his car after he stood her up

definition:
rise to one's feet.|(of an argument, claim, evidence, etc.) remain valid after close scrutiny or analysis.|fail to meet someone for a date without informing them beforehand.

synonyms:
remain/be valid|be sound|be plausible|hold water|hold up|stand questioning|survive investigation|bear examination|be verifiable|be provable|ring true|be convincing


word: STAND-UP
russian_word: стенд
example: a stand-up party|she had a stand-up row with her husband|indigo blue shirts with stand-up collars
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstandʌp
phonetics_text: ˈstandʌp
definition:
involving, done by, or engaged in by people standing up.|(of a fight or argument) involving direct confrontation.|designed to stay upright or erect.


word: STAND UP FOR
russian_word: отстаивать
example: I try to stand up for what is right|they got married, and I stood up for him, as his best man
definition:
speak or act in support of someone or something.|act as best man, usher, or bridesmaid for someone at a wedding.


word: STAND UP TO
russian_word: смело встречать
antonyms: give in to
example:
many workers are afraid to stand up to their employers|choose a carpet that will stand up to wear and tear

definition:
make a spirited defence against someone or something.|be resistant to the harmful effects of prolonged wear or use.

synonyms:
defy|confront|challenge|oppose openly|resist|show resistance to|brave|take on|put up a fight against|take a stand against


word: STANHOPE
russian_word: легкий открытый одноместный экипаж
definition: a light open horse-drawn carriage for one person, with two or four wheels.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstanəp
phonetics_text: ˈstanəp|ˈstanhəʊp
origin:
early 19th century: named after Fitzroy Stanhope (1787–1864), an English clergyman for whom the first one was made.


word: STAPEDIAL
russian_word: относящийся к стремени
example: the stapedial artery
definition: relating to the stapes.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stəˈpiːdɪəl
phonetics_text: stəˈpiːdɪəl
origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin stapedius (denoting the muscle attached to the neck of the stapes) + -al.


word: STAPELIA
russian_word: Стапелия
origin: modern Latin, named after Jan Bode von Stapel (died 1636), Dutch botanist.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəˈpiːlɪə
phonetics_text: stəˈpiːlɪə
definition:
a succulent African plant with large star-shaped fleshy flowers that have bold markings and a fetid smell of rotting meat that attracts pollinating flies.


word: STAPES
russian_word: стремя
origin: mid 17th century: modern Latin, from medieval Latin stapes ‘stirrup’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪpiːz
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪpiːz
definition:
a small stirrup-shaped bone in the middle ear, transmitting vibrations from the incus to the inner ear.


word: STAPHYLINID
russian_word: стафилинид
definition: a beetle of a family ( Staphylinidae ) that comprises the rove beetles.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstafɪˈlɪnɪd
phonetics_text: ˌstafɪˈlɪnɪd|ˌstafɪˈlʌɪnɪd
origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin Staphylinidae (plural), from the genus name Staphylinus, from Greek staphulinos, denoting a kind of insect.


word: STAPHYLOCOCCUS
russian_word: стафилококк
origin: modern Latin, from Greek staphulē ‘bunch of grapes’ + kokkos ‘berry’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstafɪlə(ʊ)ˈkɒkəs
phonetics_text: ˌstafɪlə(ʊ)ˈkɒkəs
definition:
a bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, especially in the skin and mucous membranes.


word: STAPLE
russian_word: основной
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsteɪp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪp(ə)l
definition:
a piece of thin wire with two short right-angled end pieces which are driven by a stapler through sheets of paper to fasten them together.

origin:
Old English stapol, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stapel ‘pillar’ (a sense reflected in English in early use).


word: STAR
russian_word: звезда
antonyms: extra|nobody
synonyms: celestial body|heavenly body|sun|asteroid|planet|planetoid|orb
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɑː
phonetics_text: stɑː
example:
the walls were painted with silver moons and stars|a sport star|his golf destiny was written in the stars

definition:
a fixed luminous point in the night sky which is a large, remote incandescent body like the sun.|a conventional or stylized representation of a star, typically having five or more points.|a very famous or talented entertainer or sports player.|a planet, constellation, or configuration regarded as influencing a person's fortunes or personality.|used in names of starfishes and similar echinoderms with five or more radiating arms, e.g. cushion star, brittlestar.

origin:
Old English steorra, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch ster, German Stern, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin stella and Greek astēr .


word: STARBOARD
russian_word: правый борт
example: I made a steep turn to starboard
definition: the side of a ship or aircraft that is on the right when one is facing forward.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstɑːbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːbɔːd|ˈstɑːbəd
origin:
Old English stēorbord  ‘rudder side’ (see steer1, board), because early Teutonic sailing vessels were steered with a paddle over the right side.


word: STARBURST
russian_word: звездообразования
example: a starburst pattern|a starburst galaxy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɑːbəːst
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːbəːst
definition:
a pattern of lines or rays radiating from a central object or source of light.|a period of intense activity in a galaxy involving the formation of stars.


word: STARCH
russian_word: крахмал
example: crisp linen, stiff with starch|the starch in her voice
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɑːtʃ
phonetics_text: stɑːtʃ
definition:
an odourless, tasteless white substance occurring widely in plant tissue and obtained chiefly from cereals and potatoes. It is a polysaccharide which functions as a carbohydrate store and is an important constituent of the human diet.|powder or spray made from starch and used before ironing to stiffen fabric or clothing.|stiffness of manner or character.

origin:
Old English (recorded only in the past participle sterced ‘stiffened’), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch sterken, German stärken ‘strengthen’, also to stark.


word: STARCHY
russian_word: крахмалистый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɑːtʃi
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːtʃi
example:
sugary and starchy foods|my apron was too clean and my cap too starchy|the manager is usually a bit starchy

definition:
(of food or diet) containing a lot of starch.|(of clothing) stiff with starch.|very stiff, formal, or prim in manner or character.

synonyms:
staid|sedate|sober|stiff|reserved|impersonal|formal|pompous|prim|priggish|fogeyish|strait-laced|conformist|conventional|conservative|old-fashioned|of the old school|stodgy|stuffy|boring|dull|dreary|uninteresting|square|straight|fuddy-duddy|stick-in-the-mud|uptight


word: STARE
russian_word: смотреть
example: he stared at her in amazement
definition: look fixedly or vacantly at someone or something with one's eyes wide open.
origin: Old English starian, of Germanic origin, from a base meaning ‘be rigid’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stɛː
phonetics_text: stɛː
synonyms:
gaze|gape|goggle|gawk|glare|ogle|leer|peer|look fixedly|look vacantly|study|survey|observe|watch closely|eyeball|outstare|rubberneck|gawp


word: STARFISH
russian_word: морская звезда
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɑːfɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːfɪʃ
definition:
a marine echinoderm (invertebrate) with five or more radiating arms. The undersides of the arms bear tube feet for locomotion and, in predatory species, for opening the shells of molluscs.


word: STARGAZE
russian_word: предаваться мечтам
definition: observe the stars.|observe celebrities.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɑːɡeɪz
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːɡeɪz
example:
a telescope for stargazing through a retractable roof|the town has been busy stargazing as British superstars jetted in for the grand finale


word: STARGAZER
russian_word: звездочет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɑːɡeɪzə
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːɡeɪzə
definition:
an astronomer or astrologer.|a horse that turns its head when galloping.|a fish of warm seas that normally lies buried in the sand with only its eyes, which are on top of the head, protruding.


word: STARK
russian_word: совершенно
definition: severe or bare in appearance or outline.|complete; sheer.|stiff, rigid, or incapable of movement.
antonyms: fuzzy|indistinct|pleasant|comfortable|ornate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stɑːk
phonetics_text: stɑːk
example:
the ridge formed a stark silhouette against the sky|he came running back in stark terror|a human body lying stiff and stark by the stream

synonyms:
sharply delineated|sharp|sharply defined|well focused|crisp|distinct|obvious|evident|clear|clear-cut|graphic|striking|desolate|bare|barren|arid|vacant|empty|forsaken|godforsaken|bleak|dreary|gloomy|sombre|depressing|cheerless|joyless|uninviting|miserable|grim|harsh|oppressive|merciless|drear|austere|severe|plain|simple|unadorned|unembellished|undecorated|uncomfortable

origin:
Old English stearc  ‘unyielding, severe’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch sterk and German stark ‘strong’.


word: STARLING
russian_word: скворец
origin: Old English stærlinc, from stær ‘starling’ (of Germanic origin) + -ling.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɑːlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːlɪŋ
definition:
a gregarious Old World songbird with a straight bill, typically with dark lustrous or iridescent plumage but sometimes brightly coloured.


word: START
russian_word: начало
antonyms: finish|end|clear up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stɑːt
phonetics_text: stɑːt
example:
the season starts in September|the fire started in the building's upper floor|‘Oh my!’ she said, starting

definition:
begin or be reckoned from a particular point in time or space.|(of event or process) happen or come into being.|jerk or give a small jump from surprise or alarm.

synonyms:
begin|get under way|go ahead|get going|kick off|commence|come into being|be born|come into existence|appear|arrive|come forth|emerge|erupt|burst out|arise|originate|break|unfold|develop|crop up|first see the light of day

origin:
Old English styrtan  ‘to caper, leap’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch storten ‘push’ and German stürzen ‘fall headlong, fling’. From the sense ‘sudden movement’ arose the sense ‘initiation of movement, setting out on a journey’ and hence ‘beginning of a process, etc.’.


word: STARTER
russian_word: стартер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɑːtə
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːtə
example:
I'm just a slow starter|the starter motor|she began to think that she must move away, yet she knew that it was not even a starter

definition:
a person or thing that starts in a specified way.|an automatic device for starting a machine, especially the engine of a vehicle.|the first course of a meal.|a plan or idea that has a chance of succeeding and is therefore worthy of consideration.|a bacterial culture used to initiate souring in making yogurt, cheese, or butter.


word: STARTLE
russian_word: испугать
example: a sudden sound in the doorway startled her
definition: cause to feel sudden shock or alarm.
antonyms: put at ease
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɑːt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːt(ə)l
synonyms:
surprise|frighten|scare|alarm|give someone a shock|give someone a fright|give someone a jolt|make someone jump|perturb|unsettle|agitate|disturb|disconcert|disquiet|give someone a turn|flabbergast

origin:
Old English steartlian  ‘kick, struggle’, from the base of start. The early sense gave rise to ‘move quickly, caper’ (typically said of cattle), whence ‘cause to react with fear’ (late 16th century).


word: STARTLING
russian_word: поразительный
example: he bore a startling likeness to their father
definition: very surprising, astonishing, or remarkable.
antonyms: predictable|ordinary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɑːtlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːtlɪŋ
synonyms:
surprising|astonishing|amazing|unexpected|unforeseen|staggering|shocking|stunning|extraordinary|remarkable|dramatic|disturbing|unsettling|perturbing|disconcerting|disquieting|frightening|alarming|scary


word: STARVATION
russian_word: голодание
example: thousands died of starvation
definition: suffering or death caused by lack of food.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɑːˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: stɑːˈveɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
extreme hunger|lack of food|famine|want|undernourishment|malnourishment|fasting|deprivation of food|death from lack of food


word: STARVE
russian_word: голодать
example: she left her animals to starve|pull down that window for we are perfectly starving here
definition: suffer or die or cause to suffer or die from hunger.|be freezing cold.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: stɑːv
phonetics_text: stɑːv
origin:
Old English steorfan  ‘to die’, of Germanic origin, probably from a base meaning ‘be rigid’ (compare with stare); related to Dutch sterven and German sterben .


word: STARVING
russian_word: голодающий
example: the world's starving children
definition: suffering or dying from hunger.
antonyms: well fed|full
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɑːvɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstɑːvɪŋ
synonyms:
dying of hunger|dying from lack of food|faint from lack of food|deprived of food|undernourished|malnourished|starved|half-starved|unfed|very hungry|ravenous|famished|empty|hollow|fasting|be hungry|could eat a horse


word: STASH
russian_word: копить
example: their wealth had been stashed away in Swiss banks
definition: store (something) safely in a hidden or secret place.
origin: late 18th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: staʃ
phonetics_text: staʃ
synonyms:
store|stow|pack|load|cache|garner|hide|conceal|secrete|hoard|put aside|set aside|put by|lay by|lay aside|save|stockpile|keep in reserve|reserve|deposit|keep|put by for a rainy day|salt away|squirrel away


word: STASIS
russian_word: застой
example: long periods of stasis
definition: a period or state of inactivity or equilibrium.|civil strife.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪsɪs|ˈstasɪs
origin:
mid 18th century: modern Latin, from Greek, literally ‘standing, stoppage’, from sta- base of histanai ‘to stand’.


word: STATE
russian_word: государство
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: steɪt
phonetics_text: steɪt
example:
the state of the company's finances|Germany, Italy, and other European states|services provided by the state|he was buried in state|an oblong plate, dry point, first state of eight

definition:
the particular condition that someone or something is in at a specific time.|a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.|the civil government of a country.|pomp and ceremony associated with monarchy or high levels of government.|a specified impression taken from an etched or engraved plate at a particular stage.

synonyms:
condition|shape|situation|circumstances|state of affairs|position|predicament|plight|mood|humour|temper|disposition|spirits|morale|state of mind|emotional state|frame of mind|attitude

origin:
Middle English (as a noun): partly a shortening of estate, partly from Latin status ‘manner of standing, condition’ (see status). The current verb senses date from the mid 17th century.


word: STATELY
russian_word: величественный
example: a stately 19th-century mansion
definition: impressive or grand in size, appearance, or manner.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsteɪtli
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtli
synonyms:
dignified|majestic|ceremonious|courtly|imposing|impressive|solemn|awe-inspiring|regal|imperial|elegant|grand|glorious|splendid|magnificent|resplendent|important|august|formal|slow-moving|measured|deliberate


word: STATEMENT
russian_word: заявление
example: do you agree with this statement?|you'll have your own account with a monthly statement
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsteɪtm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtm(ə)nt
definition:
a definite or clear expression of something in speech or writing.|a document setting out items of debit and credit between a bank or other organization and a customer.|a presentation of a theme or melody within a composition.

synonyms:
declaration|expression of views/facts|affirmation|assertion|announcement|utterance|communication|revelation|disclosure|divulgence|pronouncement|recitation|articulation|proclamation|presentation|expounding|explanation|promulgation|account|testimony|evidence|report|bulletin|communiqué|asseveration|averment


word: STATEROOM
russian_word: отдельная каюта
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪtruːm
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtruːm|ˈsteɪtrʊm
definition:
a large room in a palace or public building, for use on formal occasions.|a captain's or superior officer's room on a ship.


word: STATESIDE
russian_word: в США
example: stateside police departments
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈsteɪtsʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtsʌɪd
definition:
belonging to or situated in the US (used in reference to the US from elsewhere or from the geographically separate states of Alaska and Hawaii).


word: STATESMAN
russian_word: государственный деятель
example: guests included members of the European royal families, diplomats, and statesmen
definition: a skilled, experienced, and respected political leader or figure.
origin: late 16th century: from state's man, translating French homme d'état .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪtsmən
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtsmən
synonyms:
senior politician|stateswoman|respected political figure|elder statesman|political leader|national leader|grand old man|GOM|éminence grise


word: STATIC
russian_word: статический
antonyms: variable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstatɪk
phonetics_text: ˈstatɪk
example:
demand has grown in what was a fairly static market|the film is vulnerable to the collection of static charges

definition:
lacking in movement, action, or change, especially in an undesirable or uninteresting way.|concerned with bodies at rest or forces in equilibrium.|(of an electric charge) having gathered on or in an object that cannot conduct a current.|(of a memory or store) not needing to be periodically refreshed by an applied voltage.

synonyms:
unchanged|fixed|stable|steady|unchanging|changeless|unvarying|invariable|constant|consistent|uniform|undeviating

origin:
late 16th century (denoting the science of weight and its effects): via modern Latin from Greek statikē (tekhnē ) ‘science of weighing’; the adjective from modern Latin staticus, from Greek statikos ‘causing to stand’, from the verb histanai . Sense 1 of the adjective dates from the mid 19th century.


word: STATICE
russian_word: статица
definition: another term for sea lavender.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatɪsi
phonetics_text: ˈstatɪsi
origin:
mid 18th century: from modern Latin statice (former genus name), based on Greek, feminine of statikos ‘causing to stand still’ (with reference to medicinal use of the plant to staunch blood).


word: STATICS
russian_word: статика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatɪks
phonetics_text: ˈstatɪks
definition:
the branch of mechanics concerned with bodies at rest and forces in equilibrium.|another term for static.


word: STATION
russian_word: станция
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n
example:
we walked back to the station and caught the train back to Brussels|a research station in the rainforest|a radio station|the lookout resumed his station in the bow

definition:
a place on a railway line where trains regularly stop so that passengers can get on or off.|a place or building where a specified activity or service is based.|a company involved in broadcasting of a specified kind.|the place where someone or something stands or is placed on military or other duty.|a site at which a particular species, especially an interesting or rare one, grows or is found.|short for Stations of the Cross.

synonyms:
stopping place|stop|halt|station stop|stage|terminus|terminal|depot|railway station|train station|passenger station|bus station|coach station

origin:
Middle English (as a noun): via Old French from Latin statio(n- ), from stare ‘to stand’. Early use referred generally to ‘position’, especially ‘position in life, status’, and specifically, in ecclesiastical use, to ‘a holy place of pilgrimage (visited as one of a succession’). The verb dates from the late 16th century.


word: STATIONARY
russian_word: стационарный
example: a car collided with a stationary vehicle
definition: not moving or not intended to be moved.
antonyms: moving
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
synonyms:
motionless|parked|halted|stopped|immobilized|immobile|unmoving|still|static|stock-still|at a standstill|at rest|not moving|like a statue|rooted to the spot|unstirring|frozen|inactive|inert|lifeless|inanimate

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin stationarius (originally in the sense ‘belonging to a military station’), from statio(n- ) ‘standing’ (see station).


word: STATIONER
russian_word: книготорговец
example: cards can either be bought from a stationer or made out of ordinary file paper
definition: a person or shop selling paper, pens, and other writing and office materials.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪʃ(ə)nə
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪʃ(ə)nə
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘bookseller’): from medieval Latin stationarius ‘tradesman (at a fixed location, i.e. not itinerant)’. Compare with stationary.


word: STATISM
russian_word: этатизм
example: the rise of authoritarian statism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪtɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtɪz(ə)m
definition:
a political system in which the state has substantial centralized control over social and economic affairs.


word: STATIST
russian_word: статистик
example: this is one issue which unites statists of all persuasions
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈsteɪtɪst
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtɪst
definition:
an advocate of a political system in which the state has substantial centralized control over social and economic affairs.


word: STATISTICS
russian_word: статистика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəˈtɪstɪks
phonetics_text: stəˈtɪstɪks
definition:
the practice or science of collecting and analysing numerical data in large quantities, especially for the purpose of inferring proportions in a whole from those in a representative sample.


word: STATIVE
russian_word: стативные
example: stative verbs in Chinese can receive present tense interpretation
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin stativus, from stat- ‘stopped, standing’, from the verb stare .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪtɪv
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtɪv
definition:
(of a verb) expressing a state or condition rather than an activity or event, such as be or know, as opposed to run or grow.


word: STATOCYST
russian_word: статоцист
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatəʊsɪst
phonetics_text: ˈstatəʊsɪst
definition:
a small organ of balance and orientation in some aquatic invertebrates, consisting of a sensory vesicle or cell containing statoliths.


word: STATOLITH
russian_word: статолит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatəʊlɪθ
phonetics_text: ˈstatəʊlɪθ
definition:
a calcareous particle in the statocysts of invertebrates that stimulates sensory receptors in response to gravity, so enabling balance and orientation.


word: STATOSCOPE
russian_word: статоскоп
origin: early 20th century: from Greek statos ‘standing’ + -scope.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatəskəʊp
phonetics_text: ˈstatəskəʊp
definition:
a form of aneroid barometer for measuring minute variations of pressure, used especially to indicate the altitude of an aircraft.


word: STATUE
russian_word: статуя
definition: a carved or cast figure of a person or animal, especially one that is life-size or larger.
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from Latin statua, from stare ‘to stand’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatjuː
phonetics_text: ˈstatjuː|ˈstatʃuː
synonyms:
sculpture|figure|effigy|statuette|figurine|idol|carving|bronze|representation|likeness|image|graven image|model|bust|head


word: STATUESQUE
russian_word: величавый
example: her statuesque beauty|frozen, statuesque attitudes
origin: late 18th century: from statue, on the pattern of picturesque .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌstatʃʊˈɛsk
phonetics_text: ˌstatʃʊˈɛsk|ˌstatjʊˈɛsk
definition:
(of a woman) attractively tall, graceful, and dignified.|reminiscent of a statue in size, posture, or stillness.

synonyms:
tall and dignified|imposing|striking|stately|majestic|noble|magnificent|splendid|impressive|regal|well proportioned|handsome|beautiful


word: STATURE
russian_word: рост
example: a man of short stature
definition: a person's natural height.
synonyms: height|tallness|loftiness|size|build|physical make-up
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatʃə
phonetics_text: ˈstatʃə
origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin statura, from stare ‘to stand’. The sense ‘importance’ dates from the mid 19th century.


word: STATUS
russian_word: статус
example: an improvement in the status of women|an update on the status of the bill
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪtəs
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪtəs
definition:
relative social or professional position; standing.|the situation at a particular time during a process.

synonyms:
standing|rank|ranking|position|social position|station|level|footing|place|repute|reputation|estimation|stature|condition|degree|report

origin:
late 18th century (as a legal term meaning ‘legal standing’): from Latin, literally ‘standing’, from stare ‘to stand’.


word: STATUTE
russian_word: устав
example: the Act consolidated statutes dealing with non-fatal offences
definition: a written law passed by a legislative body.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstatʃuːt
phonetics_text: ˈstatʃuːt|ˈstatjuːt
synonyms:
law|regulation|enactment|act|bill|decree|edict|rule|ruling|resolution|promulgation|measure|motion|dictum|command|order|stipulation|commandment|directive|pronouncement|ratification|proclamation|dictate|diktat|fiat|covenant|demand|by-law|ordinance|ukase|pronunciamento

origin:
Middle English: from Old French statut, from late Latin statutum, neuter past participle of Latin statuere ‘set up’ from status ‘standing’ (see status).


word: STAUNCH
russian_word: стойкий
example: a staunch supporter of the anti-nuclear lobby|these staunch walls could withstand attack by cannon
definition: very loyal and committed in attitude.|(of a wall) of strong or firm construction.
antonyms: disloyal|unfaithful|unreliable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stɔːn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: stɔːn(t)ʃ
synonyms:
stalwart|loyal|faithful|trusty|committed|devoted|dedicated|dependable|reliable|steady|constant|hard-working|vigorous|stable|firm|steadfast|redoubtable|resolute|unswerving|unwavering|unhesitating|unfaltering

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘watertight’): from Old French estanche, feminine of estanc, from a Romance base meaning ‘dried up, weary’. Sense 1 dates from the early 17th century.


word: STAUROLITE
russian_word: ставролит
origin: early 19th century: from Greek stauros ‘cross’ + -lite.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːrəlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːrəlʌɪt
definition:
a brown glassy mineral that occurs as hexagonal prisms often twinned in the shape of a cross. It consists of a silicate of aluminium and iron.


word: STAVE
russian_word: палка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: steɪv
phonetics_text: steɪv
definition:
a vertical wooden post or plank in a building or other structure.|a set of five parallel lines on any one or between any adjacent two of which a note is written to indicate its pitch.|a verse or stanza of a poem.

origin:
Middle English: back-formation from staves, archaic plural of staff1. Current senses of the verb date from the early 17th century.


word: STAVE OFF
russian_word: предотвращать
example: a reassuring presence can stave off a panic attack
definition: avert or delay something bad or dangerous.
synonyms:
avert|prevent|avoid|preclude|rule out|counter|forestall|nip in the bud|ward off|fend off|head off|keep off|keep at bay


word: STAY
russian_word: оставаться
antonyms: leave
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: steɪ
phonetics_text: steɪ
example:
you stay here and I'll be back soon|her ability to stay calm|the girls had gone to stay with friends|there are some cases the Crown feels so serious they don't want to stay the charges|it did not matter to you whether the building was stayed up or not?

definition:
remain in the same place.|remain in a specified state or position.|(of a person) live somewhere temporarily as a visitor or guest.|stop, delay, or prevent (something), in particular suspend or postpone (judicial proceedings) or refrain from pressing (charges).|support or prop up.

synonyms:
remain (behind)|stay behind|stay put|wait|wait around|linger|stick|continue|be left|hold on|hang on|lodge|rest|delay|pause|stop|hang around/round|hang about|bide|tarry|continue to be|remain|keep|persist in being|carry on being|go on being

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): from Anglo-Norman French estai-, stem of Old French ester, from Latin stare ‘to stand’; in the sense ‘support’ (stay1 (sense 5 of the verb) and stay1 (sense 3 of the noun)), partly from Old French estaye (noun), estayer (verb), of Germanic origin.


word: STAY-AT-HOME
russian_word: домосед
example: I know lots of working mums and lots of stay-at-home mums
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
definition:
denoting a parent who is engaged in the full-time care of their child or children and does not go out to work.


word: STAYER
russian_word: стайер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪə
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪə
definition:
a tenacious person or thing, especially a horse able to hold out to the end of a race.|a person who lives somewhere temporarily as a visitor or guest.


word: STAYING POWER
russian_word: выносливость
example: do you have the staying power to study alone at home?
definition: the ability to maintain an activity or commitment despite fatigue or difficulty; stamina.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsteɪɪŋ ˌpaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈsteɪɪŋ ˌpaʊə
synonyms:
stamina|endurance|indefatigability|tirelessness|resistance|resilience|fortitude|strength|vigour|energy|staunchness|steadfastness|robustness|toughness|determination|tenacity|perseverance|grit


word: STEAD
russian_word: земельный участок
example: you wish to have him superseded and to be appointed in his stead
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɛd
phonetics_text: stɛd
definition:
the place or role that someone or something should have or fill (used in referring to a substitute).

origin:
Old English stede  ‘place’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stad ‘town’, German Statt ‘place’, Stadt ‘town’, from an Indo-European root shared by the verb stand.


word: STEADFAST
russian_word: стойкий
example: steadfast loyalty
definition: resolutely or dutifully firm and unwavering.
antonyms: disloyal|irresolute
origin: Old English stedefæst ‘standing firm’ (see stead, fast1).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛdfɑːst
phonetics_text: ˈstɛdfɑːst
synonyms:
loyal|faithful|committed|devoted|dedicated|dependable|reliable|steady|true|constant|staunch|trusty|firm|determined|resolute|stalwart|stout|relentless|implacable|single-minded|unchanging|unwavering|unhesitating|unfaltering|unswerving|unyielding|unflinching|inflexible|uncompromising


word: STEADY
russian_word: устойчивый
example: the lighter the camera, the harder it is to hold steady|a steady decline in the national birth rate
antonyms: unstable|loose|shaky
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛdi
phonetics_text: ˈstɛdi
definition:
firmly fixed, supported, or balanced; not shaking or moving.|regular, even, and continuous in development, frequency, or intensity.

synonyms:
stable|balanced|firm|fixed|secure|secured|fast|safe|immovable|unshakeable|dependable|anchored|moored|jammed|rooted|braced|cemented|riveted|nailed|tied|motionless|still|unshaking|static|stationary|unmoving|sure

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘unwavering, without deviation’): from stead + -y1. The verb dates from the mid 16th century.


word: STEADINESS
russian_word: устойчивость
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛdɪnəs
phonetics_text: ˈstɛdɪnəs
example:
I admire the steadiness of her hands|the relative steadiness of prices during 2013 was an indication that the market was adequately supplied

definition:
the quality not shaking or moving.|the quality of being regular, even, and continuous in development, frequency, or intensity.


word: STEAK
russian_word: стейк
example: he liked his steak rare
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: steɪk
phonetics_text: steɪk
definition:
high-quality beef taken from the hindquarters of the animal, typically cut into thick slices that are cooked by grilling or frying.

origin:
Middle English: from Old Norse steik ; related to steikja ‘roast on a spit’ and stikna ‘be roasted’.


word: STEAL
russian_word: украсть
example: thieves stole her bicycle|he stole down to the kitchen
origin: Old English stelan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stelen and German stehlen .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stiːl
phonetics_text: stiːl
definition:
take (another person's property) without permission or legal right and without intending to return it.|move somewhere quietly or surreptitiously.

synonyms:
purloin|thieve|take|take for oneself|help oneself to|loot|pilfer|abscond with|run off with|appropriate|abstract|carry off|shoplift|embezzle|misappropriate|walk off/away with|run away/off with|rob|swipe|nab|rip off|lift|liberate|filch|snaffle|snitch|souvenir|nick|pinch|half-inch|whip|knock off|nobble|bone|scrump|blag|heist|glom|snavel|clifty|tief|crib|hook|peculate|defalcate|walk|go walkies|theft|thieving|thievery|robbery|larceny|burglary|shoplifting|pilfering|pilferage|looting|appropriation|misappropriation|embezzlement|peculation|defalcation


word: STEALTH
russian_word: хитрость
example: the silence and stealth of a hungry cat|a stealth bomber
antonyms: openness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɛlθ
phonetics_text: stɛlθ
definition:
cautious and surreptitious action or movement.|(chiefly of aircraft) designed in accordance with technology which makes detection by radar or sonar difficult.

synonyms:
furtiveness|secretiveness|secrecy|surreptitiousness|sneakiness|slyness|covertness|stealthiness|clandestineness

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘theft’): probably representing an Old English word related to steal, + -th2.


word: STEALTHY
russian_word: скрытый
example: stealthy footsteps
definition: behaving or done in a cautious and surreptitious manner, so as not to be seen or heard.
antonyms: open
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛlθi
phonetics_text: ˈstɛlθi
synonyms:
furtive|secretive|secret|surreptitious|sneaking|sly|skulking|slinking|clandestine|hidden|covert|cloaked|conspiratorial|under the table|black


word: STEAM
russian_word: пар
example: a cloud of steam
synonyms: water vapour|condensation|mist|haze|fog|exhalation|moisture|dampness|fume|smoke
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stiːm
phonetics_text: stiːm
definition:
the vapour into which water is converted when heated, forming a white mist of minute water droplets in the air.

origin:
Old English stēam  ‘vapour’, stēman  ‘emit a scent, be exhaled’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stoom ‘steam’.


word: STEAMBOAT
russian_word: пароход
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstiːmbəʊt
phonetics_text: ˈstiːmbəʊt
definition:
a boat that is propelled by a steam engine, especially (in the US) a paddle-wheel craft of a type used on rivers in the 19th century.


word: STEAMER
russian_word: пароход
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstiːmə
phonetics_text: ˈstiːmə
definition:
a ship, boat, or locomotive powered by steam.|a type of saucepan in which food can be steamed.|a device used to direct a jet of hot steam on to a garment in order to remove creases.|a wetsuit.


word: STEAMROLLER
russian_word: паровой каток
example: after each truckload of earth fell, a steamroller flattened it
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstiːmrəʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈstiːmrəʊlə
definition:
a heavy, slow-moving vehicle with a roller, used to flatten the surfaces of roads during construction.


word: STEAMY
russian_word: парной
example: a small steamy kitchen|steamy sex scenes
definition: producing, filled with, or clouded with steam.|depicting or involving passionate sexual activity.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstiːmi
phonetics_text: ˈstiːmi
synonyms:
erotic|sexy|sexually explicit|suggestive|racy|risqué|provocative|spicy|juicy|bawdy|ribald|uninhibited|unrestrained|earthy|raunchy|naughty|saucy|fruity|gamy|adult|passionate|torrid|amorous|ardent|loving|hot-blooded|lustful|sizzling|zipless|hot|red-hot


word: STEARIN
russian_word: стеарин
origin: early 19th century: from French stéarine, from Greek stear ‘tallow’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪərɪn
phonetics_text: ˈstɪərɪn
definition:
a white crystalline substance that is the main constituent of tallow and suet. It is a glyceryl ester of stearic acid.


word: STEATOSIS
russian_word: стеатоз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɪəˈtəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌstɪəˈtəʊsɪs
definition:
infiltration of liver cells with fat, associated with disturbance of the metabolism by, for example, alcoholism, malnutrition, pregnancy, or drug therapy.


word: STEEL
russian_word: сталь
example: steel girders
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stiːl
phonetics_text: stiːl
definition:
a hard, strong grey or bluish-grey alloy of iron with carbon and usually other elements, used as a structural and fabricating material.

origin:
Old English stȳle, stēli, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch staal, German Stahl, also to stay2. The verb dates from the late 16th century.


word: STEELY
russian_word: стальной
example: a steely blue|there was a steely edge to his questions
definition: resembling steel in colour, brightness, or strength.|coldly determined; hard.
antonyms: soft|flabby
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstiːli
phonetics_text: ˈstiːli
synonyms:
blue-grey|grey|steel-coloured|steel-grey|iron-grey|harsh|hard|firm|toned|rigid|stiff|tense|tensed|taut|stretched


word: STEELYARD
russian_word: безмен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstiːljɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈstiːljɑːd|ˈstɪljəd
definition:
an apparatus for weighing that has a short arm taking the item to be weighed and a long graduated arm along which a weight is moved until it balances.


word: STEEP
russian_word: крутой
example: she pushed the bike up the steep hill|a steep membership fee
antonyms: gentle
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: stiːp
phonetics_text: stiːp
definition:
(of a slope, flight of stairs, or angle) rising or falling sharply; almost perpendicular.|(of a price or demand) not reasonable; excessive.

synonyms:
precipitous|sheer|abrupt|sharp|perpendicular|vertical|bluff|vertiginous|dizzy|declivitous|acclivitous|scarped

origin:
Old English stēap  ‘extending to a great height’, of West Germanic origin; related to steeple and stoop1.


word: STEEPLECHASE
russian_word: бег с препятствиями
example: the horse had all the attributes to win her the greatest steeplechase in the calendar
definition: a horse race run on a racecourse having ditches and hedges as jumps.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstiːp(ə)ltʃeɪs
phonetics_text: ˈstiːp(ə)ltʃeɪs
origin:
late 18th century: from steeple (because originally a steeple marked the finishing point across country) + chase1.


word: STEER
russian_word: управлять
example: he steered the boat slowly towards the busy quay
synonyms: guide|direct|manoeuvre|navigate|pilot|drive|be in the driver's seat of|be at the wheel of|con|helm
origin: Old English stīeran, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch sturen and German steuern .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stɪə
phonetics_text: stɪə
definition:
guide or control the movement of (a vehicle, vessel, or aircraft), for example by turning a wheel or operating a rudder.


word: STEERAGE
russian_word: рулевое управление
example: poor emigrants in steerage|he lowers his sails and enters softly, with gentle steerage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪərɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈstɪərɪdʒ
definition:
the part of a ship providing the cheapest accommodation for passengers.|the action of steering a boat.


word: STEER CLEAR OF
russian_word: избегать
example: steer clear of fatty food
definition: take care to avoid or keep away from.
antonyms: seek out|confront
synonyms:
keep away from|keep one's distance from|keep at arm's length|give a wide berth to|avoid|avoid dealing with|have nothing to do with|shun|eschew|sidestep|evade|dodge|skirt round|circumvent|fight shy of|duck


word: STEGOSAUR
russian_word: стегозавр
origin: modern Latin, from Greek stegē ‘covering’ + sauros ‘lizard’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛɡəsɔː
phonetics_text: ˈstɛɡəsɔː
definition:
a small-headed quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and early Cretaceous periods, with a double row of large bony plates or spines along the back.


word: STELA
russian_word: стела
origin: late 18th century: via Latin from Greek (see stele).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstiːlə
phonetics_text: ˈstiːlə
definition:
an upright stone slab or column typically bearing a commemorative inscription or relief design, often serving as a gravestone.


word: STELE
russian_word: стела
origin: early 19th century: from Greek stēlē ‘standing block’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stiːl
phonetics_text: stiːl|ˈstiːli
definition:
the central core of the stem and root of a vascular plant, consisting of the vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) and associated supporting tissue.|another term for stela.


word: STELLARATOR
russian_word: стелларатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛləreɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈstɛləreɪtə
definition:
a toroidal apparatus for producing controlled fusion reactions in hot plasma, where all the controlling magnetic fields inside it are produced by external windings.

origin:
1950s: from stellar (with reference to the fusion processes in stars), on the pattern of generator .


word: STEM
russian_word: стебель
example: the main stem of the wing feathers|the spines and bow stems of abandoned hulks
synonyms: trunk|stalk|stock|cane|peduncle
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɛm
phonetics_text: stɛm
definition:
the main body or stalk of a plant or shrub, typically rising above ground but occasionally subterranean.|a long, thin supportive or main section of something.|the root or main part of a word, to which inflections or formative elements are added.|the main upright timber or metal piece at the bow of a ship, to which the ship's sides are joined at the front end.|a pipe used for smoking crack or opium.

origin:
Old English stemn, stefn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stam and German Stamm . stem1 (sense 4 of the noun) is related to Dutch steven, German Steven .


word: STEMMED
russian_word: вытекает
example: a tall-stemmed plant|desserts served in stemmed glasses
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stɛmd
phonetics_text: stɛmd
definition:
(of a plant) having a supporting stalk of a specified length or kind.|having a long, thin supportive or main section.


word: STENCH
russian_word: вонь
example: the stench of rotting fish
definition: a strong and very unpleasant smell.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɛn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: stɛn(t)ʃ
synonyms:
stink|bad smell|foul smell|reek|miasma|effluvium|niff|pong|whiff|hum|guff|funk|mephitis|malodour|fetor|noisomeness

origin:
Old English stenc  ‘smell’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stank, German Gestank, also to the verb stink.


word: STENCIL
russian_word: трафарет
example: stencil designs such as fruit
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstɛns(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstɛns(ə)l
definition:
a thin sheet of card, plastic, or metal with a pattern or letters cut out of it, used to produce the cut design on the surface below by the application of ink or paint through the holes.

origin:
early 18th century: from earlier stansel  ‘ornament with various colours’ (based on Latin scintilla ‘spark’).


word: STENOSIS
russian_word: стеноз
example: there is evidence of stenosis
definition: the abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɪˈnəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: stɪˈnəʊsɪs
origin:
late 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek stenōsis ‘narrowing’, from stenoun ‘make narrow’, from stenos ‘narrow’.


word: STENT
russian_word: стент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɛnt
phonetics_text: stɛnt
definition:
a splint placed temporarily inside a duct, canal, or blood vessel to aid healing or relieve an obstruction.|a substance used in dentistry for taking impressions of the teeth.

origin:
late 19th century: from the name of Charles T. Stent (1807–85), English dentist. The sense ‘splint’ dates from the 1960s.


word: STENTORIAN
russian_word: зычный
example: a stentorian roar
definition: (of a person's voice) loud and powerful.
antonyms: quiet|soft
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stɛnˈtɔːrɪən
phonetics_text: stɛnˈtɔːrɪən
synonyms:
loud|booming|thundering|thunderous|trumpeting|blaring|roaring|ear-splitting|deafening|ringing|resonant|sonorous|carrying|vibrant|powerful|strong|full|strident|stentorious


word: STEP
russian_word: шаг
example: Ron took a step back|the bottom step of the staircase|a major step forward in the fight for justice
synonyms: pace|footstep|stride|footfall|tread|tramp
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɛp
phonetics_text: stɛp
definition:
an act or movement of putting one leg in front of the other in walking or running.|a flat surface, especially one in a series, on which to place one's foot when moving from one level to another.|a measure or action, especially one of a series taken in order to deal with or achieve a particular thing.|an interval in a scale; a tone (whole step) or semitone (half step).|an abrupt change in the value of a quantity, especially voltage.|a block fixed to a boat's keel in order to take the base of a mast or other fitting.

origin:
Old English stæpe, stepe (noun), stæppan, steppan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch steppen and German stapfen .


word: STEP BY STEP
russian_word: поэтапно
example: I'll explain it to you step by step
definition: so as to progress gradually and carefully from one stage to the next.
phonetic: ˌstɛp bʌɪ ˈstɛp
phonetics_text: ˌstɛp bʌɪ ˈstɛp
synonyms:
one step at a time|bit by bit|gradually|in stages|by degrees|slowly|steadily|slowly but surely|gradatim


word: STEP DOWN
russian_word: уходить в отставку
definition: withdraw or resign from an important position or office.|decrease voltage by using a transformer.
antonyms: take up office
synonyms: resign|stand down|give up one's post/job|bow out|retire|abdicate|quit|call it a day
example:
he stepped down as party leader a week ago|it uses only a 12-volt supply, stepped down by a small isolating mains transformer


word: STEPFAMILY
russian_word: комбинированной семьи
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛpfamɪli
phonetics_text: ˈstɛpfamɪli|ˈstɛpfam(ə)li
definition:
a family that is formed on the remarriage of a divorced or widowed person and that includes a child or children.


word: STEPFATHER
russian_word: отчим
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛpfɑːðə
phonetics_text: ˈstɛpfɑːðə
definition:
a man who is the husband or partner of one's mother after the divorce or separation of one's parents or the death of one's father.


word: STEP IN
russian_word: вмешиваться
example: palace officials asked the government to step in
definition: become involved in a difficult situation, especially in order to help.
synonyms:
intervene|intercede|become/get involved|act|take action|take measures|take a hand|mediate|arbitrate|intermediate


word: STEPMOTHER
russian_word: мачеха
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛpmʌðə
phonetics_text: ˈstɛpmʌðə
definition:
a woman who is the wife or partner of one's father after the divorce or separation of one's parents or the death of one's mother.


word: STEPNEY
russian_word: запаска
example: thankfully, the stepney was brand new and was in good shape
definition: a spare tyre for a motor vehicle.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛpni
phonetics_text: ˈstɛpni
origin:
early 20th century: originally denoting a wheel consisting of a pre-inflated tyre on a metal rim that could be used as a temporary replacement for a punctured tyre; from Stepney Street in Llanelli, Wales, where the wheels were manufactured.


word: STEP OUT
russian_word: измерять шагами
example:
Mrs Giraud has had to step out for a while, but make yourself at home|everybody knew they were stepping out together|I stepped out briskly to overtake him

definition:
leave a room or building for a short time.|carry on a romantic or sexual relationship.|walk with long or vigorous steps.


word: STEPPED
russian_word: шагнул
example: a building with stepped access|a stepped scale of discounts
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stɛpt
phonetics_text: stɛpt
definition:
having or formed into a step or series of steps.|carried out or occurring in stages or with pauses rather than continuously.


word: STEPPER
russian_word: шаговый
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛpə
phonetics_text: ˈstɛpə
definition:
an electric motor or other device which moves or rotates in a series of small discrete steps.|a portable block used in step aerobics.


word: STEP UP
russian_word: повышать напряжение
antonyms: decrease
example:
Phil stepped up to coach the team|police decided to step up security plans for the game|the transformer can step up or step down voltages

definition:
come forward for a particular purpose.|increase the amount, speed, or intensity of something.|increase voltage using a transformer.

synonyms:
increase|intensify|strengthen|augment|escalate|scale up|boost|up|crank up|speed up|accelerate|quicken|hasten


word: STEPWISE
russian_word: поэтапно
definition: in a series of distinct stages; not continuously.|by adjacent intervals in a scale.
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛpwʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈstɛpwʌɪz
example:
concentrations of the acid tend to decrease stepwise|a purely harmonic cadence, the separate parts moving stepwise


word: STERADIAN
russian_word: стерадиан
origin: late 19th century: from Greek stereos ‘solid’ + radian.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəˈreɪdɪən
phonetics_text: stəˈreɪdɪən
definition:
the SI unit of solid angle, equal to the angle at the centre of a sphere subtended by a part of the surface equal in area to the square of the radius.


word: STEREO
russian_word: стерео
example: even without the benefit of stereo it sounds glorious
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪəʊ|ˈstɪərɪəʊ
definition:
sound that is directed through two or more speakers so that it seems to surround the listener and to come from more than one source; stereophonic sound.|another term for stereoscope.|short for stereotype.


word: STEREOCHEMISTRY
russian_word: стереохимия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈkɛmɪstri
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈkɛmɪstri|ˌstɪərɪə(ʊ)ˈkɛmɪstri
definition:
the branch of chemistry concerned with the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms and molecules and the effect of this on chemical reactions.


word: STEREOGNOSIS
russian_word: стереогноз
origin: early 20th century: from Greek stereos ‘solid’ + gnōsis ‘knowledge’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈnəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈnəʊsɪs|ˌstɪərɪə(ʊ)ˈnəʊsɪs
definition:
the mental perception of depth or three-dimensionality by the senses, usually in reference to the ability to perceive the form of solid objects by touch.


word: STEREOGRAM
russian_word: стереограмма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)ɡram
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)ɡram|ˈstɪərɪə(ʊ)ɡram
definition:
a diagram or computer-generated image giving a three-dimensional representation of a solid object or surface.|a stereo radiogram.


word: STEREOGRAPHY
russian_word: стереография
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪˈɒɡrəfi
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪˈɒɡrəfi|ˌstɪərɪˈɒɡrəfi
definition:
the depiction or representation of three-dimensional things by projection on to a two-dimensional surface, e.g. in cartography.


word: STEREOPHONIC
russian_word: стереофонический
example: stereophonic sound systems
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈfɒnɪk
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈfɒnɪk|ˌstɪərɪə(ʊ)ˈfɒnɪk
definition:
(of sound recording and reproduction) using two or more channels of transmission and reproduction so that the reproduced sound seems to surround the listener and to come from more than one source.


word: STEREOPSIS
russian_word: бинокулярное зрение
origin: early 20th century: from stereo- ‘three-dimensional’ + Greek opsis ‘sight’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪˈɒpsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪˈɒpsɪs|ˌstɪərɪˈɒpsɪs
definition:
the perception of depth produced by the reception in the brain of visual stimuli from both eyes in combination; binocular vision.


word: STEREOSCOPE
russian_word: стереоскоп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)skəʊp
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)skəʊp|ˈstɪərɪə(ʊ)skəʊp
definition:
a device by which two photographs of the same object taken at slightly different angles are viewed together, creating an impression of depth and solidity.


word: STEREOSCOPIC
russian_word: стереоскопический
example: stereoscopic 3D vision technology
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈskɒpɪk
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈskɒpɪk|ˌstɪərɪə(ʊ)ˈskɒpɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting a process by which two photographs of the same object taken at slightly different angles are viewed together, creating an impression of depth and solidity.


word: STEREOTACTIC
russian_word: стереотаксической
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈtaktɪk
phonetics_text: ˌstɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈtaktɪk|ˌstɪərɪə(ʊ)ˈtaktɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting techniques for surgical treatment or scientific investigation that permit the accurate positioning of probes inside the brain or other parts of the body.


word: STEREOTYPE
russian_word: стереотип
example: the stereotype of the woman as the carer
synonyms: standard/conventional image|received idea|cliché|hackneyed idea|formula
origin: late 18th century: from French stéréotype (adjective).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)tʌɪp
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪə(ʊ)tʌɪp|ˈstɪərɪə(ʊ)tʌɪp
definition:
a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.|a relief printing plate cast in a mould made from composed type or an original plate.


word: STEREOTYPICAL
russian_word: стереотипный
example: he fits the stereotypical masculine image of toughness
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈtɪpɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: stɛrɪə(ʊ)ˈtɪpɪk(ə)l|stɪərɪə(ʊ)ˈtɪpɪk(ə)l
definition:
relating to a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.


word: STERIC
russian_word: стерическое
origin: late 19th century: formed irregularly from Greek stereos ‘solid’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪk
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪk|ˈstɪərɪk
definition:
relating to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule, especially as it affects chemical reactions.


word: STERILE
russian_word: стерильный
example: the disease had made him sterile|a sterile needle and syringes
antonyms: fertile|fecund
synonyms: infertile|childless|infecund|barren
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛrʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrʌɪl
definition:
not able to produce children or young.|free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; totally clean.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin sterilis ; related to Greek steira ‘barren cow’. sterile (sense 2) dates from the late 19th century.


word: STERILITY
russian_word: бесплодие
example: the disease can cause sterility in males
definition: the quality or condition of being sterile.
antonyms: fertility|fecundity|richness|productiveness|fruitfulness|contamination
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəˈrɪlɪti
phonetics_text: stəˈrɪlɪti
synonyms:
infertility|childlessness|infecundity|barrenness|unproductiveness|unfruitfulness|sterileness|non-productivity|aridness|aridity|lifelessness|pointlessness|fruitlessness|uselessness|futility|profitlessness|worthlessness|abortiveness|emptiness|bootlessness|asepsis|freedom from germs|disinfection|purity|cleanliness


word: STERILIZATION
russian_word: стерилизация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɛrɪlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: stɛrɪlʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
disinfection and sterilization of surgical equipment|she had three children and had undergone sterilization

definition:
the process of making something free from bacteria or other living microorganisms.|surgery to make a person or animal unable to produce offspring.


word: STERILIZE
russian_word: стерилизовать
antonyms: contaminate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪlʌɪz
example:
babies' feeding equipment can be cleaned and sterilized|she fell pregnant despite having been sterilized

definition:
make (something) free from bacteria or other living microorganisms.|deprive (a person or animal) of the ability to produce offspring, typically by removing or blocking the sex organs.

synonyms:
disinfect|purify|fumigate|decontaminate|sanitize|pasteurize|clean|cleanse|autoclave|depurate|depollute


word: STERILIZED
russian_word: стерилизованный
example: sterilized jars|sterilized pets are often easier to train
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɛrɪlʌɪzd
phonetics_text: ˈstɛrɪlʌɪzd
definition:
made free from bacteria or other living microorganisms.|(of a person or animal) deprived of the ability to produce offspring, typically by removing or blocking the sex organs.


word: STERLET
russian_word: стерлядь
origin: late 16th century: from Russian sterlyadʹ .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəːlɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstəːlɪt
definition:
a small sturgeon of the Danube basin and Caspian Sea area, farmed and commercially fished for its flesh and caviar.


word: STERLING
russian_word: стерлинг
example: prices in sterling are shown|a sterling spoon
definition: British money.|short for sterling silver.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstəːlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstəːlɪŋ
origin:
Middle English: probably from steorra  ‘star’ + -ling (because some early Norman pennies bore a small star). Until recently one popular theory was that the coin was originally made by Easterling moneyers (from the ‘eastern’ Hanse towns), but the stressed first syllable would not have been dropped.


word: STERN
russian_word: суровый
example: a smile transformed his stern face
antonyms: genial|friendly
origin: Old English styrne, probably from the West Germanic base of the verb stare.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stəːn
phonetics_text: stəːn
definition:
(of a person or their manner) serious and unrelenting, especially in the assertion of authority and exercise of discipline.

synonyms:
serious|unsmiling|frowning|poker-faced|severe|forbidding|grim|unfriendly|sombre|grave|sober|austere|dour|stony|flinty|steely|unrelenting|unyielding|unforgiving|unbending|unsympathetic|disapproving|Rhadamanthine|boot-faced


word: STERNUTATION
russian_word: чиханье
definition: the action of sneezing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstəːnjʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌstəːnjʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin sternutatio(n- ), from the verb sternutare, frequentative of sternuere ‘to sneeze’.


word: STERNUTATOR
russian_word: вещество, вызывающее чихание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəːnjʊˌteɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈstəːnjʊˌteɪtə
definition:
an agent that causes sneezing, especially one used in chemical warfare that causes irritation to the nose and eyes, pain in the chest, and nausea.


word: STEROID
russian_word: стероид
origin: 1930s: from sterol + -oid.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪərɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstɪərɔɪd|ˈstɛrɔɪd
definition:
any of a large class of organic compounds with a characteristic molecular structure containing four rings of carbon atoms (three six-membered and one five). They include many hormones, alkaloids, and vitamins.


word: STERTOROUS
russian_word: затрудненный
example: the breathing was becoming less stertorous
definition: (of breathing) noisy and laboured.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstəːt(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈstəːt(ə)rəs
origin:
early 19th century: from modern Latin stertor ‘snoring sound’ (from Latin stertere ‘to snore’) + -ous.


word: STET
russian_word: не править
origin: Latin, ‘let it stand’, from stare ‘to stand’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stɛt
phonetics_text: stɛt
definition:
let it stand (used as an instruction on a printed proof to indicate that a marked alteration should be ignored).


word: STETHOSCOPE
russian_word: стетоскоп
origin: early 19th century: from French stéthoscope, from Greek stēthos ‘breast’ + skopein ‘look at’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɛθəskəʊp
phonetics_text: ˈstɛθəskəʊp
definition:
a medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing, typically having a small disc-shaped resonator that is placed against the chest, and two tubes connected to earpieces.


word: STEVEDORE
russian_word: стивидор
definition: a person employed at a dock to load and unload ships.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstiːvədɔː
phonetics_text: ˈstiːvədɔː
origin:
late 18th century: from Spanish estivador, from estivar ‘stow a cargo’, from Latin stipare (see steeve2).


word: STEW
russian_word: тушеное мясо
example: lamb stew|she's in a right old stew
antonyms: cool|calm|relaxed|laid-back
synonyms: casserole
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stjuː
phonetics_text: stjuː
definition:
a dish of meat and vegetables cooked slowly in liquid in a closed dish or pan.|a state of great anxiety or agitation.|a heated public room used for steam baths.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘cauldron’): from Old French estuve (related to estuver ‘heat in steam’), probably based on Greek tuphos ‘smoke, steam’. stew1 (sense 1 of the noun) (mid 18th century) is directly from the verb (dating from late Middle English).


word: STEWARD
russian_word: стюард
synonyms: flight attendant|cabin attendant|member of the cabin staff|stewardess|air hostess|stew
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstjuːəd
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːəd
definition:
a person employed to look after the passengers on a ship, aircraft, or train.|a person responsible for supplies of food to a college, club, or other institution.|an official appointed to supervise arrangements or keep order at a large public event, for example a race, match, or demonstration.|short for shop steward.|a person employed to manage another's property, especially a large house or estate.

origin:
Old English stīweard, from stig (probably in the sense ‘house, hall’) + weard ‘ward’. The verb dates from the early 17th century.


word: STIBNITE
russian_word: стибнит
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin stibium ‘black antimony’ + -ine4 + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪbnʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstɪbnʌɪt
definition:
a lead-grey mineral, typically occurring as striated prismatic crystals, which consists of antimony sulphide and is the chief ore of antimony.


word: STICK
russian_word: палка
synonyms: piece of wood|twig|small branch|cane|pole|beanpole|post|stake|upright|rod
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɪk
phonetics_text: stɪk
example:
a stick of dynamite|training that relies more on the carrot than on the stick|he felt hard done by living out in the sticks|Janet's not such a bad old stick sometimes

definition:
a thin piece of wood that has fallen or been cut off a tree.|a long, thin piece of something.|a threat of punishment or unwelcome measures (often contrasted with the offer of reward as a means of persuasion).|rural areas far from cities or civilization.|a person of a specified kind.|a large quantity of unsold stock, especially the proportion of shares which must be taken up by underwriters after an unsuccessful issue.

origin:
Old English sticca  ‘peg, stick, spoon’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch stek ‘cutting from a plant’ and German Stecken ‘staff, stick’.


word: STICK AT
russian_word: упорно продолжать
example: I'm the type to stick at something even if it gets on top of me
definition: persevere with a task or endeavour in a determined way.
antonyms: give up
synonyms:
persevere with|persist with|keep at|work at|continue with|carry on with|go on with|not give up with|hammer away at|stay with|see/follow through|go the distance|stay the course|soldier on with|stick it out|hang in there|put one's back into


word: STICK-IN-THE-MUD
russian_word: косный человек
example: they see many of their colleagues as stick-in-the-muds and sentimental neanderthals
definition: a person who is dull and unadventurous and who resists change.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪkɪnðəˌmʌd
phonetics_text: ˈstɪkɪnðəˌmʌd
synonyms:
(old) fogey|conservative|museum piece|fossil|dinosaur|troglodyte|fuddy-duddy|square|back number|stuffed shirt|sobersides


word: STICKLEBACK
russian_word: колюшка
origin: late Middle English: from Old English sticel ‘thorn, sting’ + bæc ‘back’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪk(ə)lbak
phonetics_text: ˈstɪk(ə)lbak
definition:
a small fish with sharp spines along its back, able to live in both salt and fresh water and found in both Eurasia and North America.


word: STICKLER
russian_word: приверженец
example: he's a stickler for accuracy
definition: a person who insists on a certain quality or type of behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪklə
phonetics_text: ˈstɪklə
origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘umpire’): from obsolete stickle ‘be umpire’, alteration of obsolete stightle ‘to control’, frequentative of Old English stiht(i)an ‘set in order’.


word: STICKY
russian_word: липкий
antonyms: fresh|cool
synonyms: adhesive|adherent|gummed|tenacious
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstɪki
phonetics_text: ˈstɪki
example:
sticky cakes and pastries|it was an unusually hot and sticky summer|the relationship is going through a sticky patch|make your site as sticky as possible to keep visitors there longer

definition:
tending or designed to stick to things on contact.|(of the weather) hot and humid; muggy.|involving problems; difficult or awkward.|(of a website or its content) attracting a long visit or repeat visits from users.


word: STIFF
russian_word: жесткий
antonyms: flexible|plastic|limp
synonyms: rigid|hard|firm|hardened|inelastic|non-flexible|inflexible|ungiving|impliable|unmalleable
origin: Old English stīf, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stijf .
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: stɪf
phonetics_text: stɪf
example:
a stiff black collar|they face stiff fines and a possible jail sentence|the place is stiff with alarm systems|she was scared stiff

definition:
not easily bent or changed in shape; rigid.|severe or strong.|full of.|having a specified unpleasant feeling to an extreme extent.


word: STIFFEN
russian_word: деревенеть
example: he stiffened his knees in an effort to prevent them trembling
definition: make or become stiff or rigid.
antonyms: relax
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɪf(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈstɪf(ə)n
synonyms:
become stiff|thicken|set|become solid|solidify|harden|gel|congeal|coagulate|clot|make/become stiff/rigid|tense (up)|tighten|tauten|rigidify|ankylose


word: STIFLE
russian_word: душить
example: those in the streets were stifled by the fumes|she stifled a giggle
antonyms: cold|chilly
origin: late Middle English: perhaps from a frequentative of Old French estouffer ‘smother, stifle’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstʌɪf(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪf(ə)l
definition:
make (someone) unable to breathe properly; suffocate.|restrain (a reaction) or stop oneself acting on (an emotion).

synonyms:
suffocate|choke|asphyxiate|smother|very hot|sweltering|airless|suffocating|oppressive|humid|close|muggy|sticky|soupy|claggy|boiling


word: STIFLING
russian_word: душно
example: stifling heat|the stifling formality of her family life
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌɪf(ə)lɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪf(ə)lɪŋ|ˈstʌɪflɪŋ
definition:
(of heat, air, or a room) very hot and causing difficulties in breathing; suffocating.|making one feel constrained or oppressed.


word: STIGMA
russian_word: рыльце
antonyms: honour|credit
synonyms: shame|disgrace|dishonour|stain|taint|blot|blot on one's escutcheon|blemish|brand|mark|slur|smirch
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪɡmə
phonetics_text: ˈstɪɡmə
example:
the stigma of having gone to prison will always be with me|knee deformities or other stigmata of childhood rickets

definition:
a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person.|(in Christian tradition) marks corresponding to those left on Christ's body by the Crucifixion, said to have been impressed by divine favour on the bodies of St Francis of Assisi and others.|a visible sign or characteristic of a disease.|(in a flower) the part of a pistil that receives the pollen during pollination.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a mark made by pricking or branding): via Latin from Greek stigma ‘a mark made by a pointed instrument, a dot’; related to stick1.


word: STIGMATIC
russian_word: стигматический
example: the less stigmatic offence of manslaughter
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: stɪɡˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: stɪɡˈmatɪk
definition:
relating to a stigma or stigmas, in particular constituting or conveying a mark of disgrace.|another term for anastigmatic.

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘(person) marked with a blemish or deformity’): from Latin stigma, stigmat- + -ic.


word: STIGMATIZATION
russian_word: стигматизация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɪɡmətʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: stɪɡmətʌɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
he argues that the world will only get better at dealing with addiction once addicts can speak without fear of stigmatization

definition:
the action of describing or regarding someone or something as worthy of disgrace or great disapproval.


word: STIGMATIZE
russian_word: клеймить
definition: describe or regard as worthy of disgrace or great disapproval.|mark with stigmata.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɪɡmətʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈstɪɡmətʌɪz
example:
the institution was stigmatized as a last resort for the destitute|Francis, stigmatized in fashion as his Lord

synonyms:
condemn|denounce|brand|label|mark out|disparage|vilify|pillory|pour scorn on|cast a slur on|defame|discredit

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘mark with a brand’): from French stigmatiser or medieval Latin stigmatizare, from Greek stigmatizein, from stigma (see stigma).


word: STILBENE
russian_word: стильбен
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek stilbein ‘to glitter’ + -ene.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪlbiːn
phonetics_text: ˈstɪlbiːn
definition:
a synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon which forms phosphorescent crystals and is used in dye manufacture.


word: STILBOESTROL
russian_word: стильбоэстрон
origin: 1930s: from stilbene + oestrus + -ol.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɪlˈbiːstrɒl
phonetics_text: stɪlˈbiːstrɒl
definition:
a powerful synthetic oestrogen used in hormone therapy, as a post-coital contraceptive, and as a growth-promoting agent for livestock.


word: STILL
russian_word: еще
example: the still body of the young man
definition: not moving or making a sound.
antonyms: moving|active
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|adverb|verb
phonetic: stɪl
phonetics_text: stɪl
synonyms:
motionless|unmoving|without moving|without moving a muscle|stock-still|immobile|like a statue|as if turned to stone|as if rooted to the spot|unstirring|stationary|at rest|at a standstill|inert|lifeless

origin:
Old English stille (adjective and adverb), stillan (verb), of West Germanic origin, from a base meaning ‘be fixed, stand’.


word: STILLAGE
russian_word: стеллаж
definition: a wooden rack or pallet for holding stored goods off the floor or separating goods in transit.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪlɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈstɪlɪdʒ
origin:
late 16th century (originally denoting a stand for casks): apparently from Dutch stellagie ‘scaffold’, from stellen ‘to place’.


word: STILLBIRTH
russian_word: мертворождение
example: an enquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪlbəːθ
phonetics_text: ˈstɪlbəːθ
definition:
the birth of an infant that has died in the womb (strictly, after having survived through at least the first 28 weeks of pregnancy, earlier instances being regarded as abortion or miscarriage).


word: STILT
russian_word: ходулочник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɪlt
phonetics_text: stɪlt
definition:
either of a pair of upright poles with supports for the feet enabling the user to walk at a distance above the ground.|a long-billed wading bird with predominantly black and white plumage and very long slender reddish legs.

origin:
Middle English: of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stelt and German Stelze . stilt (sense 2) dates from the late 18th century.


word: STILTED
russian_word: высокопарный
example: we made stilted conversation|villages of stilted houses
definition: (of a manner of talking or writing) stiff and self-conscious or unnatural.|standing on stilts.
antonyms: natural|effortless|spontaneous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɪltɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstɪltɪd
synonyms:
strained|forced|contrived|constrained|laboured|laborious|stiff|self-conscious|awkward|unnatural|wooden|unrelaxed|artificial|mannered


word: STIMULANT
russian_word: стимулятор
example: it is a stimulant that has a direct effect on the nervous system
definition: a substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.
antonyms: sedative|downer
origin: early 18th century: from Latin stimulant- ‘urging, goading’, from the verb stimulare .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstɪmjʊl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈstɪmjʊl(ə)nt
synonyms:
tonic|restorative|reviver|energizer|refresher|antidepressant|pep pill|upper|pick-me-up|bracer|excitant|analeptic


word: STIMULATE
russian_word: стимулировать
example: the women are given fertility drugs to stimulate their ovaries
definition: raise levels of physiological or nervous activity in (the body or any biological system).
antonyms: sedative
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɪmjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstɪmjʊleɪt
synonyms:
restorative|tonic|invigorating|bracing|energizing|restoring|reviving|refreshing|vitalizing|revitalizing|vivifying|revivifying|pick-me-up|analeptic|trophic

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘sting, afflict’): from Latin stimulat- ‘urged, goaded’, from the verb stimulare .


word: STIMULATOR
russian_word: стимулятор
example: glucose is the main stimulator of insulin release
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪmjʊleɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈstɪmjʊleɪtə
definition:
something that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body or any biological system.


word: STING
russian_word: жало
example: five blackmailers were jailed last week after they were snared in a police sting
origin: Old English sting (noun), stingan (verb), of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɪŋ
phonetics_text: stɪŋ
definition:
a small sharp-pointed organ at the end of the abdomen of bees, wasps, ants, and scorpions, capable of inflicting a painful or dangerous wound by injecting poison.|a carefully planned operation, typically one involving deception.

synonyms:
swindle|fraud|piece of deception|trickery|cheat|bit of sharp practice|rip-off|con|con trick|diddle|fiddle|bunco


word: STINGER
russian_word: жало
example: bees and wasps are the most commonly encountered stingers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪŋə
phonetics_text: ˈstɪŋə
definition:
an insect or animal that stings, such as a bee or jellyfish.|a device consisting of a spiked metal ribbon that is placed across a road to stop vehicles by puncturing their tyres.


word: STINGRAY
russian_word: скат
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪŋreɪ
phonetics_text: ˈstɪŋreɪ
definition:
a bottom-dwelling marine ray with a flattened diamond-shaped body and a long poisonous serrated spine at the base of the tail.


word: STINGY
russian_word: скупой
example: his boss is stingy and idle
definition: mean; ungenerous.
antonyms: generous|liberal|magnanimous
origin: mid 17th century: perhaps a dialect variant of the noun sting + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɪn(d)ʒi
phonetics_text: ˈstɪn(d)ʒi
synonyms:
miserly|parsimonious|niggardly|close-fisted|penny-pinching|cheese-paring|penurious|Scrooge-like|ungenerous|illiberal|close|mean|mingy|tight|tight-fisted|cheap|near|tight-arsed|tight-assed


word: STINKING
russian_word: вонючий
example: he was locked in a stinking cell
definition: foul-smelling.
antonyms: sweet-smelling|aromatic
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈstɪŋkɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstɪŋkɪŋ
synonyms:
foul-smelling|evil-smelling|stinking to high heaven|reeking|fetid|malodorous|pungent|acrid|rank|putrid|noxious|fresh|smelly|stinky|reeky|niffing|niffy|pongy|whiffy|humming|funky|noisome|mephitic|olid|miasmic|miasmal


word: STIPEND
russian_word: стипендия
definition: a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or as expenses to a clergyman, teacher, or public official.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪpɛnd
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪpɛnd
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French stipendie or Latin stipendium, from stips ‘wages’ + pendere ‘to pay’.


word: STIPULATE
russian_word: оговаривать
example: he stipulated certain conditions before their marriage
definition: demand or specify (a requirement), typically as part of an agreement.
origin: early 17th century: from Latin stipulat- ‘demanded as a formal promise’, from the verb stipulari .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstɪpjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstɪpjʊleɪt
synonyms:
specify|set down|set out|lay down|set forth|state clearly|demand|require|insist on|make a condition of|make a precondition/proviso of|prescribe|impose|provide


word: STIPULATION
russian_word: условие
example: they donated their collection of prints with the stipulation that they never be publicly exhibited
definition: a condition or requirement that is specified or demanded as part of an agreement.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɪpjʊˈleɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌstɪpjʊˈleɪʃn
synonyms:
condition|precondition|proviso|provision|prerequisite|requisite|specification|demand|requirement|non-negotiable point|rider|caveat|qualification|clause|terms


word: STIR
russian_word: переполох
antonyms: stultify
synonyms: mix|blend|agitate|beat|whip|whisk|fold in|muddle
origin: Old English styrian, of Germanic origin; related to German stören ‘disturb’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stəː
phonetics_text: stəː
example:
Desmond stirred his tea and ate a biscuit|nothing stirred except the wind|they will be stirred to action by what is written

definition:
move a spoon or other implement round in (a liquid or other substance) in order to mix it thoroughly.|move or cause to move slightly.|arouse strong feeling in (someone); move or excite.


word: STIRRER
russian_word: мешалка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəːrə
phonetics_text: ˈstəːrə
definition:
an object or mechanical device used for stirring something.|a person who deliberately causes trouble between others by spreading rumours or gossip.


word: STIRRING
russian_word: перемешивание
example: stirring songs|a stirring and thriving politician
definition: causing excitement or strong emotion; rousing.|moving briskly; active.
antonyms: boring|pedestrian
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstəːrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstəːrɪŋ
synonyms:
exciting|thrilling|action-packed|gripping|riveting|dramatic|rousing|spirited|stimulating|moving|inspiring|inspirational|electrifying|passionate|impassioned|emotive|emotional|emotion-charged|heady|soul-stirring|stem-winding|inspiriting|anthemic


word: STIRRUP
russian_word: стремя
origin: Old English stigrāp, from the Germanic base of obsolete sty ‘climb’ + rope.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɪrəp
phonetics_text: ˈstɪrəp
definition:
each of a pair of devices attached to each side of a horse's saddle, in the form of a loop with a flat base to support the rider's foot.|a pair of metal supports in which a woman's ankles may be placed during gynaecological examinations and childbirth, to hold her legs in a position which will facilitate medical examination or intervention.|another term for stapes.|short for stirrup pants.


word: STIR UP
russian_word: активизировать
example: he accused me of trying to stir up trouble|cloudiness is caused by the fish stirring up mud
definition: cause or provoke trouble or bad feeling.|disturb particles in water or air.
antonyms: stifle|suppress
synonyms:
whip up|work up|foment|fan the flames of|trigger|spark off|excite|provoke|instigate|incite|cause|precipitate|produce|generate|give rise to


word: STITCH
russian_word: стежка
example: he was panting and had a stitch
synonyms: sharp pain|stabbing pain|shooting pain|stab of pain|pang|twinge|spasm
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɪtʃ
phonetics_text: stɪtʃ
definition:
a loop of thread or yarn resulting from a single pass or movement of the needle in sewing, knitting, or crocheting.|a sudden sharp pain in the side of the body, caused by strenuous exercise.

origin:
Old English stice  ‘a puncture, stabbing pain’, of Germanic origin; related to German Stich ‘a sting, prick’, also to stick2. The sense ‘loop’ (in sewing etc.) arose in Middle English.


word: STOAT
russian_word: горностай
origin: late Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəʊt
phonetics_text: stəʊt
definition:
a small carnivorous mammal of the weasel family which has chestnut fur with white underparts and a black-tipped tail. It is native to both Eurasia and North America and in northern areas the coat turns white in winter.


word: STOCHASTIC
russian_word: стохастический
origin: mid 17th century: from Greek stokhastikos, from stokhazesthai ‘aim at, guess’, from stokhos ‘aim’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stəˈkastɪk
phonetics_text: stəˈkastɪk
definition:
having a random probability distribution or pattern that may be analysed statistically but may not be predicted precisely.


word: STOCK
russian_word: акции
synonyms: merchandise|goods|wares|items/articles for sale|commodities|vendibles
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: stɒk
phonetics_text: stɒk
example:
the store has a very low turnover of stock|between 1982 and 1986 the value of the company's stock rose by 86%|a pint of chicken stock|her mother was of French stock

definition:
the goods or merchandise kept on the premises of a shop or warehouse and available for sale or distribution.|the capital raised by a company or corporation through the issue and subscription of shares.|liquid made by cooking bones, meat, fish, or vegetables slowly in water, used as a basis for the preparation of soup, gravy, or sauces.|a person's ancestry or line of descent.|the trunk or woody stem of a living tree or shrub, especially one into which a graft (scion) is inserted.|a herbaceous European plant that is cultivated for its fragrant lilac, pink, or white flowers.|an instrument of punishment consisting of an adjustable wooden structure with holes for securing a person's feet and hands, in which criminals were locked and exposed to public ridicule or assault.|the part of a rifle or other firearm to which the barrel and firing mechanism are attached, held against one's shoulder when firing the gun.|a band of white material tied like a cravat and worn as a part of formal horse-riding dress.|a frame used to support a ship or boat out of water, especially when under construction.

origin:
Old English stoc(c)  ‘trunk, block of wood, post’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stok and German Stock ‘stick’. The notion ‘store, fund’ (stock (sense 1 of the noun and sense 2 of the noun)) arose in late Middle English and is of obscure origin, perhaps expressing ‘growth from a central stem’ or ‘firm foundation’.


word: STOCKADE
russian_word: частокол
example: they built stockades around their towns
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɒˈkeɪd
phonetics_text: stɒˈkeɪd
definition:
a barrier formed from upright wooden posts or stakes, especially as a defence against attack or as a means of confining animals.

origin:
early 17th century: shortening of obsolete French estocade, alteration of estacade, from Spanish estacada, from the Germanic base of the noun stake1.


word: STOCK
russian_word: акции
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: stɒk
phonetics_text: stɒk
example:
most supermarkets now stock a range of organic produce|it was a fine gun which he forged, stocked, and completed himself

definition:
have or keep a supply of (a particular product or type or product) available for sale.|fit (a rifle or other firearm) with a stock.

synonyms:
sell|market|supply|keep|keep in stock|have|have for sale|carry|handle|offer|provide|trade in|deal in

origin:
Old English stoc(c)  ‘trunk, block of wood, post’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stok and German Stock ‘stick’. The notion ‘store, fund’ (stock (sense 1 of the noun and sense 2 of the noun)) arose in late Middle English and is of obscure origin, perhaps expressing ‘growth from a central stem’ or ‘firm foundation’.


word: STOCKER
russian_word: стокер
example: stocker cattle
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɒkə
phonetics_text: ˈstɒkə
definition:
a farm animal, typically a young steer or heifer, destined for slaughter but kept until matured or fattened.|a person whose job is to fill the shelves of a shop or supermarket with merchandise.|a stock car.


word: STOCKFISH
russian_word: вяленая рыба
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɒkfɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈstɒkfɪʃ
definition:
a commercially valuable hake of coastal waters of southern Africa.|cod or a similar fish split and dried in the open air without salt.

origin:
Middle English (in stockfish (sense 2)): from Middle Low German, Middle Dutch stokvisch, of unknown origin; stockfish (sense 1) (early 19th century) from South African Dutch.


word: STOCKING
russian_word: чулок
synonyms: nylons|stay-ups|tights|hosiery|hose|pantyhose
origin: late 16th century: from stock in the dialect sense ‘stocking’ + -ing1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɒkɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstɒkɪŋ
definition:
a women's garment, typically made of translucent nylon or silk, that fits closely over the foot and is held up by suspenders or an elasticated strip at the upper thigh.


word: STOCKPILE
russian_word: запас
example: a stockpile of sandbags was being prepared
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstɒkpʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈstɒkpʌɪl
definition:
a large accumulated stock of goods or materials, especially one held in reserve for use at a time of shortage or other emergency.

synonyms:
stock|store|supply|accumulation|collection|reserve|hoard|cache|bank|pool|fund|mine|reservoir|arsenal|amassment


word: STOCKY
russian_word: коренастый
example: he had a short, stocky body
definition: broad and sturdily built.
antonyms: slender|skinny
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɒki
phonetics_text: ˈstɒki
synonyms:
thickset|heavily built|sturdy|sturdily built|heavyset|bull-necked|chunky|solid|dumpy|stubby|stumpy|squat|burly|beefy|meaty|hulking|strapping|hefty|cobby|mesomorphic|pyknic|nuggety|fubsy


word: STODGE
russian_word: уплетать
example: she ate her way through a plateful of stodge
definition: food that is heavy, filling, and high in carbohydrates.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɒdʒ
phonetics_text: stɒdʒ
origin:
late 17th century (as a verb in the sense ‘stuff to stretching point’): symbolic, suggested by stuff and podge.


word: STOIC
russian_word: стоик
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstəʊɪk
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊɪk
definition:
a person who can endure pain or hardship without showing their feelings or complaining.|a member of the ancient philosophical school of Stoicism.

origin:
late Middle English: via Latin from Greek stōïkos, from stoa (with reference to Zeno's teaching in the Stoa Poikilē or Painted Porch, at Athens).


word: STOICAL
russian_word: стоический
example: he taught a stoical acceptance of suffering
definition: enduring pain and hardship without showing one's feelings or complaining.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstəʊɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
long-suffering|uncomplaining|patient|forbearing|accepting|stoic|with the patience of Job|resigned|impassive|unemotional|phlegmatic|philosophical|fatalistic|imperturbable|calm|cool|unexcitable|stolid|unflappable|longanimous


word: STOICHIOMETRY
russian_word: стехиометрии
origin: early 19th century: from Greek stoikheion ‘element’ + -metry.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstɔɪkɪˈɒmɪtri
phonetics_text: ˌstɔɪkɪˈɒmɪtri
definition:
the relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound, typically a ratio of whole integers.


word: STOICISM
russian_word: стоицизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊɪsɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊɪsɪz(ə)m
definition:
the endurance of pain or hardship without the display of feelings and without complaint.|an ancient Greek school of philosophy founded at Athens by Zeno of Citium. The school taught that virtue, the highest good, is based on knowledge; the wise live in harmony with the divine Reason (also identified with Fate and Providence) that governs nature, and are indifferent to the vicissitudes of fortune and to pleasure and pain.

synonyms:
patience|forbearance|resignation|lack of protest|lack of complaint|fortitude|endurance|acceptance|acceptance of the inevitable|fatalism|philosophicalness|impassivity|dispassion|phlegm|imperturbability|calmness|coolness|cool|stolidness|Dunkirk spirit|unflappability|longanimity


word: STOKER
russian_word: кочегар
definition: a person who tends the furnace on a steamship or steam train.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊkə
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊkə
origin:
mid 17th century: from Dutch, from stoken ‘stoke a furnace’, from Middle Dutch stoken ‘push, poke’; related to stick1.


word: STOKES
russian_word: Стокса
origin: 1930s: from the name of Sir G. Stokes (see Stokes' law).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəʊks
phonetics_text: stəʊks
definition:
the cgs unit of kinematic viscosity, corresponding to a dynamic viscosity of 1 poise and a density of 1 gram per cubic centimetre, equivalent to 10−4 square metres per second.


word: STOLE
russian_word: палантин
synonyms: shawl|scarf|wrap|boa|tippet|cape
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stəʊl
phonetics_text: stəʊl
definition:
a woman's long scarf or shawl, especially of fur or similar material, worn loosely over the shoulders.

origin:
Old English (in the senses ‘long robe’ and ‘priest's vestment’), via Latin from Greek stolē ‘clothing’, from stellein ‘array’.


word: STOLID
russian_word: флегматичный
example: a stolid bourgeois gent
definition: calm, dependable, and showing little emotion or animation.
antonyms: emotional|lively|imaginative
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɒlɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstɒlɪd
synonyms:
impassive|phlegmatic|unemotional|calm|placid|unexcitable|apathetic|uninterested|unimaginative|indifferent|dull|bovine|lumpish|wooden|slow|lethargic|torpid|stupid

origin:
late 16th century: from obsolete French stolide or Latin stolidus (perhaps related to stultus ‘foolish’).


word: STOLON
russian_word: столон
origin: early 17th century: from Latin stolo, stolon- ‘shoot, scion’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊlɒn
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊlɒn
definition:
a creeping horizontal plant stem or runner that takes root at points along its length to form new plants.|the branched stemlike structure of some colonial hydroid coelenterates, attaching the colony to the substrate.


word: STOMA
russian_word: устьице
origin: late 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek stoma ‘mouth’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊmə
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊmə
definition:
any of the minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming a slit of variable width which allows movement of gases in and out of the intercellular spaces.|an artificial opening made into a hollow organ, especially one on the surface of the body leading to the gut or trachea.


word: STOMACH
russian_word: желудок
example: severe stomach pains|she doesn't have the stomach to eat anything
synonyms: abdomen|belly|gut|middle|tummy|tum|breadbasket|insides|bingy
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstʌmək
phonetics_text: ˈstʌmək
definition:
the internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, being (in humans and many mammals) a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the oesophagus to the small intestine.|an appetite for food or drink.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French estomac, stomaque, via Latin from Greek stomakhos ‘gullet’, from stoma ‘mouth’. The early sense of the verb was ‘be offended at, resent’ (early 16th century).


word: STOMACHER
russian_word: корсаж
origin: late Middle English: probably a shortening of Old French estomachier, from estomac (see stomach).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌməkə
phonetics_text: ˈstʌməkə
definition:
a V-shaped piece of decorative cloth, worn over the chest and stomach by men and women in the 16th century, later only by women.


word: STOMAL
russian_word: анастомоза
example: stomal obstruction
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstəʊməl
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊməl
definition:
relating to or affecting an artificial opening (stoma) made into a hollow organ, especially one on the surface of the body leading to the gut or trachea.


word: STONE
russian_word: камень
example: the houses are built of stone|a memorial stone|I weighed 10 stone|stone stretch trousers
synonyms: gravestone|headstone|tombstone|tablet|monument|monolith|obelisk
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stəʊn
phonetics_text: stəʊn
definition:
hard solid non-metallic mineral matter of which rock is made, especially as a building material.|a piece of stone shaped for a purpose, especially one of commemoration, ceremony, or demarcation.|a hard seed in a cherry, plum, peach, and some other fruits.|a unit of weight equal to 14 lb (6.35 kg).|a natural shade of whitish or brownish-grey.

origin:
Old English stān (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch steen and German Stein . The verb dates from Middle English (first recorded in stone (sense 1 of the verb)).


word: STONECHAT
russian_word: чекан
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊntʃat
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊntʃat
definition:
a small Old World songbird of the thrush family, having bold markings and a call like two stones being knocked together.


word: STONECROP
russian_word: очиток
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊnkrɒp
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊnkrɒp
definition:
a small fleshy-leaved plant which typically has star-shaped yellow or white flowers and grows among rocks or on walls.


word: STONEFLY
russian_word: веснянки
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊnflʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊnflʌɪ
definition:
a slender insect with transparent membranous wings, the larvae of which live in clean running water. The adults are used as bait by fly fishermen.


word: STONER
russian_word: стоунер
example: a couple of 16-stoners
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊnə
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊnə
definition:
a person who regularly takes drugs, especially cannabis.|a person or thing that weighs a specified number of stone.


word: STONEWALL
russian_word: устраивать обструкцию в парламенте
example: she has also stonewalled queries about her love life
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstəʊnwɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊnwɔːl|stəʊnˈwɔːl
definition:
delay or obstruct (a request, process, or person) by refusing to answer questions or by being evasive.


word: STOOGE
russian_word: марионетка
example: party stooges put there to do a job on behalf of central office|the stooge is offstage
origin: early 20th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stuːdʒ
phonetics_text: stuːdʒ
definition:
a subordinate used by another to do unpleasant routine work.|a performer whose act involves being the butt of a comedian's jokes.

synonyms:
underling|minion|lackey|subordinate|assistant|henchman|myrmidon|puppet|pawn|cat's paw|instrument|tool|creature|sidekick|dogsbody|poodle|skivvy


word: STOOL
russian_word: стул
example: fibre in the child's diet will soften the stools
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stuːl
phonetics_text: stuːl
definition:
a seat without a back or arms, typically resting on three or four legs or on a single pedestal.|a piece of faeces.|a root or stump of a tree or plant from which shoots spring.|a decoy bird in hunting.

origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stoel, German Stuhl, also to stand. Current senses of the verb date from the late 18th century.


word: STOOP
russian_word: сутулость
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stuːp
phonetics_text: stuːp
example:
he stooped down and reached towards the coin|Craig wouldn't stoop to thieving|we witnessed an eagle stooping on its prey

definition:
bend one's head or body forwards and downwards.|lower one's moral standards so far as to do something reprehensible.|(of a bird of prey) swoop down on a quarry.

synonyms:
bend down|bend|lean over|lean down|kneel|crouch down|squat down|hunker down|hunch down|scooch|lower|incline|bow|duck

origin:
Old English stūpian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to the adjective steep1. Both senses of the noun date from the late 16th century.


word: STOP
russian_word: остановить
antonyms: start|begin|continue
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: stɒp
phonetics_text: stɒp
example:
his laughter stopped as quickly as it had begun|this harassment has got to be stopped|he tried to stop the hole with the heel of his boot|‘Why was she so?’ ‘I don't know, you know how dem old people stop.’

definition:
(of an event, action, or process) come to an end; cease to happen.|cause (an action, process, or event) to come to an end.|block or close up (a hole or leak).|be or behave in a particular way.

synonyms:
come to an end|come to a stop|cease|end|finish|draw to a close|be over|conclude|terminate|come to a standstill|pause|break off|peter out|fade away

origin:
Old English (for)stoppian  ‘block up (an aperture)’, of West Germanic origin; related to German stopfen, from late Latin stuppare ‘to stuff’.


word: STOPCOCK
russian_word: запорный кран
example: in many houses, the main stopcock is situated under the kitchen sink
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɒpkɒk
phonetics_text: ˈstɒpkɒk
definition:
an externally operated valve regulating the flow of a liquid or gas through a pipe, in particular one on the water main supplying a house.


word: STOPGAP
russian_word: временная мера
example: transplants are only a stopgap until more sophisticated alternatives can work
definition: a temporary way of dealing with a problem or satisfying a need.
antonyms: permanent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɒpɡap
phonetics_text: ˈstɒpɡap
synonyms:
temporary solution|improvisation|expedient|makeshift|last resort|substitute|stand-in|temporary|provisional|interim|pro tem|short-term|working|improvised|emergency|impromptu|rough and ready|caretaker|acting|fill-in|jury-rigged|jury|expediential


word: STOP OUT
russian_word: отсутствовать
example:
it was the only evening for weeks that we stopped out|community college students are more likely to stop out, or drop out entirely, when the cost of attending increases|text and design were applied to a copper plate by stopping out the parts to be printed and etching away the rest of the surface

definition:
stay out, especially longer or later than might be expected.|withdraw temporarily from higher education or employment in order to pursue another activity.|cover an area that is not to be printed or etched when making a print or etching.


word: STOPPAGE
russian_word: перебой
example: a power stoppage|one machine-gun crew had a stoppage|£6.40 an hour before stoppages
antonyms: start|beginning|continuation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɒpɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈstɒpɪdʒ
definition:
an instance of movement, activity, or supply stopping or being stopped.|a blockage in a narrow passage, such as the barrel of a gun.|deductions from one's wages by an employer for the payment of tax, National Insurance, and other costs.

synonyms:
discontinuation|discontinuance|stopping|halting|halt|cessation|termination|end|finish|interruption|suspension|breaking off


word: STOPPER
russian_word: пробка
example: a crime-stopper
synonyms: cork|lid|cap|top|plug|bung|spigot|spile|stopple
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstɒpə
phonetics_text: ˈstɒpə
definition:
a plug for sealing a hole, especially in the neck of a bottle or other container.|a person or thing that halts or obstructs a specified thing.


word: STORAX
russian_word: стиракс
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, from a variant of Greek sturax .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːraks
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːraks
definition:
a rare fragrant gum resin obtained from an East Mediterranean tree, sometimes used in medicine, perfumery, and incense.|a tropical or subtropical tree or shrub with showy white flowers in drooping clusters.


word: STORE
russian_word: магазин
example: the squirrel has a store of food|a health-food store
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɔː
phonetics_text: stɔː
definition:
a quantity or supply of something kept for use as needed.|a shop of any size or kind.|a sheep, steer, cow, or pig acquired or kept for fattening.

synonyms:
supply|stock|stockpile|reserve|cache|hoard|accumulation|cumulation|quantity|pile|heap|load|fund|bank|pool|mine|wealth|deposit|reservoir|inventory|repertoire|repertory|amassment

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estore (noun), estorer (verb), from Latin instaurare ‘renew’; compare with restore.


word: STOREFRONT
russian_word: витрина
example: a bright storefront eatery
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːfrʌnt
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːfrʌnt
definition:
another term for shopfront.|a room or set of rooms facing the street on the ground floor of a commercial building, typically used as a shop.


word: STOREHOUSE
russian_word: склад
definition: a building used for storing goods.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːhaʊs
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːhaʊs
synonyms:
warehouse|depository|repository|store|storeroom|depot|entrepôt|granary|silo|treasury|vault|strongroom|arsenal|armoury|godown|garner


word: STOREY
russian_word: этаж
example: a three-storey building
definition: a part of a building comprising all the rooms that are on the same level.
synonyms: floor|level|tier|flight|deck|piano nobile|mezzanine|entresol
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːri
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːri
origin:
late Middle English: shortening of Latin historia ‘history, story’, a special use in Anglo-Latin, perhaps originally denoting a tier of painted windows or sculptures on the front of a building (representing a historical subject).


word: STORK
russian_word: аист
origin: Old English storc, of Germanic origin; probably related to stark (because of its rigid stance).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stɔːk
phonetics_text: stɔːk
definition:
a very tall long-legged wading bird with a long heavy bill and typically with white and black plumage.


word: STORM
russian_word: буря
example: the book caused a storm in America
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stɔːm
phonetics_text: stɔːm
definition:
a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong winds and usually rain, thunder, lightning, or snow.|a tumultuous reaction; an uproar or controversy.|storm windows.|a direct assault by troops on a fortified place.

synonyms:
tempest|squall|gale|hurricane|tornado|cyclone|typhoon|superstorm|thunderstorm|cloudburst|downpour|rainstorm|hailstorm|deluge|monsoon|tropical storm|electrical storm|snowstorm|blizzard|dust storm|dust devil|williwaw|ice storm|windstorm|buran

origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch storm and German Sturm, probably also to the verb stir1. The verb dates from late Middle English in storm (sense 3 of the verb).


word: STORM PETREL
russian_word: буревестник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːmpɛtr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːmpɛtr(ə)l
definition:
a small seabird of the open ocean, typically having blackish plumage and a white rump, and formerly believed to be a harbinger of bad weather.


word: STORMY
russian_word: бурный
example: a dark and stormy night
definition: (of weather) characterized by strong winds and usually rain, thunder, lightning, or snow.
antonyms: calm|fine
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstɔːmi
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːmi
synonyms:
blustery|squally|wild|tempestuous|turbulent|windy|gusty|blowy|rainy|thundery|rough|choppy|angry|dirty|foul|nasty|inclement|howling|roaring|raging|furious|boisterous


word: STORY
russian_word: история
synonyms: tale|narrative|account|recital|anecdote|chronicle|history|yarn|spiel
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːri
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːri
example:
an adventure story|the story of modern farming|the investors' flight to profitable businesses with solid stories

definition:
an account of imaginary or real people and events told for entertainment.|an account of past events in someone's life or in the development of something.|the commercial prospects or circumstances of a particular company.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a historical account or representation): shortening of Anglo-Norman French estorie, from Latin historia (see history).


word: STORYBOARD
russian_word: раскадровка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːrɪbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːrɪbɔːd
definition:
a sequence of drawings, typically with some directions and dialogue, representing the shots planned for a film or television production.


word: STORYTELLER
russian_word: рассказчик
definition: a person who tells stories.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstɔːrɪtɛlə
phonetics_text: ˈstɔːrɪtɛlə
synonyms:
narrator|teller of tales|tale teller|spinner of yarns|raconteur|raconteuse|writer|author|novelist|chronicler|fabulist|griot|kathak|magsman|anecdotist|anecdotalist


word: STOUP
russian_word: кропильница
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stuːp
phonetics_text: stuːp
definition:
a basin for holy water, especially on the wall near the door of a Roman Catholic church for worshippers to dip their fingers in before crossing themselves.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘pail, small cask’): from Old Norse staup, of Germanic origin; related to the verb steep2.


word: STOUT
russian_word: толстый
example: stout middle-aged men|Billy had armed himself with a stout stick|he put up a stout defence in court
antonyms: thin|slender
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: staʊt
phonetics_text: staʊt
definition:
(of a person) rather fat or of heavy build.|(of an object) strong and thick.|having or showing courage and determination.

synonyms:
fat|fattish|plump|portly|rotund|roly-poly|pot-bellied|round|dumpy|chunky|broad in the beam|overweight|fleshy|paunchy|corpulent|buxom|well upholstered|well covered|well padded|of ample proportions|ample|rounded|well rounded|stocky|burly|bulky|hefty|meaty|heavily built|solidly built|thickset|heavyset|sturdy|well built|hulking|tubby|pudgy|beefy|porky|blubbery|poddy|podgy|fubsy|lard-arsed|zaftig|corn-fed|pursy|abdominous

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French and Old French dialect, of West Germanic origin; perhaps related to stilt. The noun (late 17th century) originally denoted any strong beer and is probably elliptical for stout ale .


word: STOUTNESS
russian_word: полнота
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstaʊtnəs
phonetics_text: ˈstaʊtnəs
example:
the connection between diabetes and stoutness|they had left him unbound, trusting in the stoutness of the wooden walls that locked him in|he set about his goal with admirable stoutness

definition:
the quality of being fat or of heavy build.|the quality of being strong and thick.|bravery; determination.


word: STOVE
russian_word: плита
synonyms: oven|range|charcoal burner|furnace|cooker|tandoor|Aga|Primus
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stəʊv
phonetics_text: stəʊv
definition:
an apparatus for cooking or heating that operates by burning fuel or using electricity.|a hothouse for plants.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘sweating room’): from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German stove ; perhaps related to the noun stew1. Current verb senses date from the early 17th century.


word: STOVEPIPE
russian_word: дымоход
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstəʊvpʌɪp
phonetics_text: ˈstəʊvpʌɪp
definition:
the pipe taking the smoke and gases from a stove up through a roof or to a chimney.|an information conduit that traverses vertical levels efficiently but does not disperse widely.


word: STOW AWAY
russian_word: прятать
example: he stowed away on a ship bound for South Africa
synonyms: hide|conceal oneself|secrete oneself|travel secretly
definition:
conceal oneself on a ship, aircraft, or other passenger vehicle in order to travel secretly or without paying the fare.


word: STRABISMUS
russian_word: косоглазие
definition: abnormal alignment of the eyes; the condition of having a squint.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strəˈbɪzməs
phonetics_text: strəˈbɪzməs
origin:
late 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek strabismos, from strabizein ‘to squint’, from strabos ‘squinting’.


word: STRADDLE
russian_word: колебаться
example: he turned the chair round and straddled it
definition: sit or stand with one leg on either side of.
synonyms: sit/stand astride|bestride|bestraddle|mount|get on
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstrad(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstrad(ə)l
origin:
mid 16th century: alteration of dialect striddle, back-formation from dialect striddling  ‘astride’, from stride + the adverbial suffix -ling .


word: STRAFE
russian_word: разносить
example: military aircraft strafed the village
definition: attack repeatedly with bombs or machine-gun fire from low-flying aircraft.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strɑːf
phonetics_text: strɑːf|streɪf
synonyms:
bomb|shell|bombard|fire on|open fire on|machine-gun|rake with gunfire|blitz|enfilade|pound|rake|pepper|attack|fusillade

origin:
early 20th century: humorous adaptation of the German First World War catchphrase Gott strafe England ‘may God punish England’.


word: STRAGGLE
russian_word: разбросанная группа
example: the children straggled behind them
synonyms: trail|lag|dawdle|amble|wander|walk slowly|meander|drift|fall behind|bring up the rear|be strung out
origin: late Middle English: perhaps from dialect strake ‘go’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstraɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstraɡ(ə)l
definition:
(of an irregular group of people) move along slowly so as to remain some distance behind the person or people in front.


word: STRAIGHT
russian_word: прямо
antonyms: winding|zigzag
synonyms: unswerving|undeviating|linear|direct|as straight as an arrow|uncurving|unbending
origin: Middle English (as an adjective and adverb): archaic past participle of stretch.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: streɪt
phonetics_text: streɪt
example:
a long, straight road|he made sure his tie was straight|a straight answer|he scored his fourth straight win|straight brandy|a straight play|she looked pretty straight in her school clothes

definition:
extending or moving uniformly in one direction only; without a curve or bend.|properly positioned so as to be level, upright, or symmetrical.|not evasive; honest.|in continuous succession.|(of an alcoholic drink) undiluted; neat.|(especially of drama) serious as opposed to comic or musical.|(of a person) conventional or respectable.


word: STRAIGHT AWAY
russian_word: сразу
example: the clerk recognized her straight away
definition: immediately.
antonyms: later|eventually
synonyms:
at once|right away|now|right now|this/that (very) minute|this/that instant|immediately|instantly|in/like a flash|directly|on the spot|forthwith|without further/more ado|promptly|quickly|without delay|then and there|there and then|here and now|ASAP|as soon as possible|as quickly as possible|with all speed|in short order|tout de suite|straight off|toot sweet|double quick|in double quick time|p.d.q. (pretty damn quick)|pronto|from the word go|lickety-split|ekdam|straight|straightway|instanter|forthright


word: STRAIGHTEN
russian_word: выпрямлять
definition: make or become straight.|make tidy or put in order again.
antonyms: confuse|complicate
synonyms: make straight|align|adjust|arrange|rearrange|tidy|make tidy|neaten|spruce up|uncoil|unkink|uncurl
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstreɪt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈstreɪt(ə)n
example:
she helped him straighten his tie|he sat down at his desk, straightening his things that Lee had moved


word: STRAIGHTFORWARD
russian_word: прямой
example: in a straightforward case no fees will be charged
definition: uncomplicated and easy to do or understand.
antonyms: complicated|difficult
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: streɪtˈfɔːwəd
phonetics_text: streɪtˈfɔːwəd
synonyms:
uncomplicated|simple|easy|effortless|painless|undemanding|unexacting|elementary|plain sailing|a five-finger exercise|child's play|routine|as easy as falling off a log|as easy as pie|as easy as ABC|a piece of cake|a cinch|a snip|easy-peasy|no sweat|a doddle|money for old rope|money for jam|kids' stuff|a breeze|a doss|a cakewalk|duck soup|a snap|a bludge|a snack|a piece of old tackle


word: STRAIGHT-LINE
russian_word: прямолинейный
example: a straight-line graph
part_of_speech: adjective
definition:
containing, characterized by, or relating to straight lines or motion in a straight line.|relating to a method of depreciation allocating a given percentage of the cost of an asset each year for a fixed period.


word: STRAIN
russian_word: штамм
example: I stopped and listened, straining my ears for any sound|strain the custard into a bowl
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: streɪn
phonetics_text: streɪn
definition:
force (a part of one's body or oneself) to make an unusually great effort.|pour (a mainly liquid substance) through a porous or perforated device or material in order to separate out any solid matter.

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): from Old French estreindre, from Latin stringere ‘draw tight’. Current senses of the noun arose in the mid 16th century.


word: STRAINED
russian_word: напряженный
example: Jean's pale, strained face
synonyms: drawn|careworn|worn|pinched|tired|exhausted|weary|fatigued|drained|haggard|hollow-cheeked
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: streɪnd
phonetics_text: streɪnd
definition:
showing signs of nervous tension or tiredness.|(of a limb or muscle) injured by overexertion or twisting.|(of a mainly liquid substance) having been strained to separate out any solid matter.


word: STRAINER
russian_word: фильтр
example: a tea strainer
synonyms: sieve|colander|filter|sifter|riddle|screen|griddle
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstreɪnə
phonetics_text: ˈstreɪnə
definition:
a device having holes punched in it or made of crossed wires for separating solid matter from a liquid.


word: STRAIT
russian_word: пролив
example: the Straits of Gibraltar|the economy is in dire straits
synonyms: channel|sound|narrows|inlet|stretch of water|arm of the sea|sea passage|neck|kyle
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: streɪt
phonetics_text: streɪt
definition:
a narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two other large areas of water.|used in reference to a situation characterized by a specified degree of trouble or difficulty.

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estreit ‘tight, narrow’, from Latin strictus ‘drawn tight’ (see strict).


word: STRAITENED
russian_word: стесненный
example: they lived in straitened circumstances|their straitened horizons
definition: characterized by poverty.|restricted in range or scope.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstreɪtnd
phonetics_text: ˈstreɪtnd
synonyms:
impoverished|poverty-stricken|poor|destitute|penniless|on one's beam-ends|as poor as a church mouse|without a sou|dirt poor|in penury|penurious|impecunious|indigent|needy|needful|in need/want|unable to make ends meet|down and out|necessitous|beggarly|moneyless|bankrupt|in reduced circumstances|on the breadline|broke|flat broke|cleaned out|strapped for cash|strapped|on one's uppers|stony broke|skint|in Queer Street|stone broke|pauperized|beggared


word: STRAITJACKET
russian_word: смирительная рубашка
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstreɪtdʒakɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstreɪtdʒakɪt
definition:
a strong garment with long sleeves which can be tied together to confine the arms of a violent prisoner or mental patient.


word: STRAIT-LACED
russian_word: пуританский
example: his strait-laced parents were horrified
definition: having or showing very strict moral attitudes.
antonyms: permissive|broad-minded
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: streɪtˈleɪst
phonetics_text: streɪtˈleɪst
synonyms:
prim and proper|prim|proper|prudish|priggish|puritanical|moralistic|prissy|mimsy|niminy-piminy|shockable|Victorian|old-maidish|schoolmistressy|schoolmarmish|governessy|conventional|conservative|old-fashioned|stuffy|staid|of the old school|narrow-minded|goody-goody|starchy|square|fuddy-duddy|stick-in-the-mud|Grundyish|Pecksniffian


word: STRAKE
russian_word: спустили
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: streɪk
phonetics_text: streɪk
definition:
a continuous line of planking or plates from the stem to the stern of a ship or boat.|a protruding ridge fitted to an aircraft or other structure to improve aerodynamic stability.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Latin stracus, straca ; probably from the Germanic base of the verb stretch.


word: STRAMONIUM
russian_word: дурман
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strəˈməʊnɪəm
phonetics_text: strəˈməʊnɪəm
definition:
a preparation of the dried leaves or poisonous seeds of the thorn apple, with medical and other uses.

origin:
mid 17th century: modern Latin (part of the plant's binomial), perhaps an alteration of Tatar turman ‘horse medicine’.


word: STRAND
russian_word: прядь
example: two of the firm's trucks are stranded in France|the ships were stranded in shallow water
origin: Old English (as a noun), of unknown origin. The verb dates from the early 17th century.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strand
phonetics_text: strand
definition:
leave (someone) without the means to move from somewhere.|drive or leave (a boat, sailor, or sea creature) aground on a shore.


word: STRANDED
russian_word: в затруднительном положении
example: she offers a lift to a stranded commuter|a stranded whale
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrandɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstrandɪd
definition:
left without the means to move from somewhere.|(of a boat, sailor, or sea creature) left aground on a shore.

synonyms:
helpless|without help/assistance|without resources|in difficulties|in the lurch|abandoned|forsaken|deserted|trapped|cut off


word: STRANGE
russian_word: странный
example: children have some strange ideas|she was lost in a strange country
antonyms: ordinary|usual|normal|conventional
origin: Middle English: shortening of Old French estrange, from Latin extraneus ‘external, strange’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: streɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: streɪn(d)ʒ
definition:
unusual or surprising; difficult to understand or explain.|not previously visited, seen, or encountered; unfamiliar or alien.|denoting or involving a flavour (variety) of unstable quark having an electric charge of - 1/3. Strange quarks have similar properties to down quarks and bottom quarks, but are distinguished from them by having an intermediate mass.

synonyms:
unusual|odd|curious|peculiar|funny|bizarre|weird|uncanny|queer|unexpected|unfamiliar|abnormal|atypical|anomalous|untypical|different|out of the ordinary|out of the way|extraordinary|remarkable|puzzling|mystifying|mysterious|perplexing|baffling|unaccountable|inexplicable|incongruous|uncommon|irregular|singular|deviant|aberrant|freak|freakish|surreal|suspicious|dubious|questionable|eerie|unnatural|outré|unco|fishy|creepy|spooky|rum|bizarro|eccentric|unconventional|idiosyncratic|outlandish|offbeat|quirky|quaint|zany|off-centre|wacky|way out|freaky|kooky|kinky|oddball|like nothing on earth|cranky|screwy|off the wall|wacko|backasswards|dilly


word: STRANGENESS
russian_word: странность
antonyms: ordinariness|conventionality
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstreɪn(d)ʒnəs
phonetics_text: ˈstreɪn(d)ʒnəs
definition:
the state or fact of being strange.|a characteristic property of certain subatomic particles (specifically strange quarks, strange antiquarks, and hadrons containing these), expressed as a quantum number.

synonyms:
oddity|eccentricity|oddness|peculiarity|curiousness|bizarreness|weirdness|queerness|unexpectedness|unusualness|abnormality|atypicality|unfamiliarity|unaccountability|inexplicability|incongruity|incongruousness|outlandishness|irregularity|singularity|freakishness|surrealness


word: STRANGLE
russian_word: задушить
example: the victim was strangled with a scarf
definition: squeeze or constrict the neck of (a person or animal), especially so as to cause death.
synonyms: throttle|choke|garrotte|asphyxiate|stifle|strangulate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstraŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstraŋɡ(ə)l
origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estrangler, from Latin strangulare, from Greek strangalan, from strangalē ‘halter’, related to strangos ‘twisted’.


word: STRANGLED
russian_word: задушенный
example: he let out a strangled gasp
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstraŋɡ(ə)ld
phonetics_text: ˈstraŋɡ(ə)ld
definition:
uttered with difficulty, as if from a constricted throat.|having died as a result of having the neck squeezed or constricted.


word: STRANGLES
russian_word: душит
origin: early 17th century: plural of obsolete strangle ‘strangulation’, from strangle.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstraŋɡ(ə)lz
phonetics_text: ˈstraŋɡ(ə)lz
definition:
a bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract of horses, causing enlargement of the lymph nodes in the throat, which may impair breathing.


word: STRANGULATE
russian_word: душить
example: the victim had been strangulated
definition: strangle; throttle.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstraŋɡjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstraŋɡjʊleɪt
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘suffocate’): from Latin strangulat- ‘choked’, from the verb strangulare (see strangle).


word: STRANGULATED
russian_word: ущемленный
example: a strangulated cry|the strangulated body of a young man
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstraŋɡjuːleɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstraŋɡjuːleɪtɪd
definition:
(of a part of the body, typically a hernia) having the blood supply reduced or cut off as a result of compression of blood vessels.|uttered with difficulty, as if from a constricted throat.|having been strangled.


word: STRANGULATION
russian_word: удушение
example: death due to strangulation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: straŋɡjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: straŋɡjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action or state of strangling or being strangled.|a condition in which the blood supply to a part of the body, typically a hernia, is reduced or cut off as a result of compression of blood vessels.


word: STRANGURY
russian_word: странгурия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstraŋɡjʊri
phonetics_text: ˈstraŋɡjʊri
definition:
a condition caused by blockage or irritation at the base of the bladder, resulting in severe pain and a strong desire to urinate.

origin:
late Middle English: via Latin from Greek strangouria, from stranx, strang- ‘drop squeezed out’ + ouron ‘urine’.


word: STRAP
russian_word: ремень
example: her bra strap
synonyms: thong|tie|cord|band|belt|tape|leash|lead
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strap
phonetics_text: strap
definition:
a strip of leather, cloth, or other flexible material, used to fasten, secure, or carry something or to hold on to something.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a trap for birds, also a piece of timber fastening two objects together): dialect form of strop1.


word: STRAPPADO
russian_word: дыба
origin: mid 16th century: from French ( e)strapade, from Italian strappata, from strappare ‘to snatch’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: straˈpɑːdəʊ
phonetics_text: straˈpɑːdəʊ|straˈpeɪdəʊ
definition:
a form of punishment or torture in which the victim was secured to a rope and made to fall from a height almost to the ground before being stopped with an abrupt jerk.


word: STRAPPING
russian_word: рослый
example: they had three strapping sons
definition: (especially of a young person) big and strong.
antonyms: puny|weedy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrapɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstrapɪŋ
synonyms:
big|strong|well built|sturdily built|sturdy|brawny|burly|broad-shouldered|muscular|muscly|well muscled|robust|rugged|lusty|Herculean|hunky|beefy|husky|ripped|shredded|buff|jacked|stalwart|thewy|stark


word: STRATAGEM
russian_word: хитрость
example: a series of devious stratagems
definition: a plan or scheme, especially one used to outwit an opponent or achieve an end.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstratədʒəm
phonetics_text: ˈstratədʒəm
synonyms:
plan|scheme|tactic|manoeuvre|move|course/line of action|ploy|gambit|device|wile|trick|ruse|plot|machination|subterfuge|artifice|contrivance|expedient|dodge|deception|deceit|wheeze|lurk|shift

origin:
late 15th century (originally denoting a military ploy): from French stratagème, via Latin from Greek stratēgēma, from stratēgein ‘be a general’, from stratēgos, from stratos ‘army’ + agein ‘to lead’.


word: STRATEGIC
russian_word: стратегический
antonyms: random
synonyms: planned|calculated|deliberate|tactical|politic|judicious|prudent|clever|shrewd|well thought out
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: strəˈtiːdʒɪk
phonetics_text: strəˈtiːdʒɪk
example:
strategic planning for the organization is the responsibility of top management|Newark Castle was of strategic importance

definition:
relating to the identification of long-term or overall aims and interests and the means of achieving them.|relating to the gaining of overall or long-term military advantage.

origin:
early 19th century: from French stratégique, from Greek stratēgikos, from stratēgos (see stratagem).


word: STRATEGICALLY
russian_word: стратегически
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: strəˈtiːdʒɪkli
phonetics_text: strəˈtiːdʒɪkli
example:
we have to think strategically about how best to utilize our facilities|violence was deployed strategically

definition:
in a way that relates to the achievement of long-term or overall aims and interests.|in a way that relates to the gaining of a military advantage.


word: STRATEGY
russian_word: стратегия
example: time to develop a coherent economic strategy|he was a genius when it came to military strategy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstratɪdʒi
phonetics_text: ˈstratɪdʒi
definition:
a plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim.|the art of planning and directing overall military operations and movements in a war or battle.

synonyms:
master plan|grand design|game plan|plan of action|plan|policy|proposed action|scheme|blueprint|programme|procedure|approach|schedule|tactics|set of tactics

origin:
early 19th century: from French stratégie, from Greek stratēgia ‘generalship’, from stratēgos (see stratagem).


word: STRATIGRAPHY
russian_word: стратиграфия
origin: mid 19th century: from stratum + -graphy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strəˈtɪɡrəfi
phonetics_text: strəˈtɪɡrəfi
definition:
the branch of geology concerned with the order and relative position of strata and their relationship to the geological timescale.


word: STRATOSPHERE
russian_word: стратосфера
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstratəˌsfɪə
phonetics_text: ˈstratəˌsfɪə
definition:
the layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface (the lower boundary of the mesosphere).


word: STRATOSPHERIC
russian_word: стратосферный
example: the stratospheric ozone layer
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stratəˈsfɛrɪk
phonetics_text: stratəˈsfɛrɪk
definition:
relating to the layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.


word: STRATUM
russian_word: слой
example: a stratum of flint|members of other social strata
synonyms: layer|vein|seam|lode|bed|stratification|thickness|sheet|lamina
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɑːtəm
phonetics_text: ˈstrɑːtəm|ˈstreɪtəm
definition:
a layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.|a level or class to which people are assigned according to their social status, education, or income.

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘layer or coat of a substance’): modern Latin, from Latin, literally ‘something spread or laid down’, neuter past participle of sternere ‘strew’.


word: STRAW
russian_word: солома
example: a straw hat
origin: Old English strēaw, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stroo and German Stroh, also to strew.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strɔː
phonetics_text: strɔː
definition:
dried stalks of grain, used especially as fodder or as material for thatching, packing, or weaving.|a thin hollow tube of paper or plastic for sucking drink from a glass or bottle.


word: STRAWBERRY
russian_word: клубника
example: she thought she would wear the strawberry crushed velvet
origin: Old English strēa(w)berige, strēowberige (see straw, berry).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɔːb(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈstrɔːb(ə)ri
definition:
a sweet soft red fruit with a seed-studded surface.|the low-growing plant which produces the strawberry, having white flowers, lobed leaves, and runners, and found throughout north temperate regions.|a deep pinkish-red colour.


word: STRAY
russian_word: паразитный
example: dog owners are urged not to allow their dogs to stray
definition: move away aimlessly from a group or from the right course or place.
part_of_speech: verb|adjective|noun
phonetic: streɪ
phonetics_text: streɪ
synonyms:
wander off|go astray|drift|get separated|get lost|lose one's way|digress|deviate|wander|get sidetracked|go off at a tangent|get off the subject|lose the thread|divagate

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Anglo-Norman French and Old French estrayer (verb), Anglo-Norman French strey (noun), partly from astray.


word: STREAK
russian_word: полоса
example: a streak of oil|there's a streak of insanity in the family|a streak for charity
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: striːk
phonetics_text: striːk
definition:
a long, thin line or mark of a different substance or colour from its surroundings.|an element of a specified kind in someone's character.|an act of running naked in a public place so as to shock or amuse others.

synonyms:
band|line|strip|stripe|vein|slash|bar|ray|finger|pencil|stroke|trace|touch|fleck|dash|stria|striation|lane|mark|smear|smudge|stain|blotch|splodge|splotch

origin:
Old English strica, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch streek and German Strich, also to strike. The sense ‘run naked’ was originally US slang.


word: STREAKY
russian_word: полосатый
synonyms: striped|stripy|streaked|banded|barred|veined|brindle|brindled|striate|striated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstriːki
phonetics_text: ˈstriːki
example:
streaky blond hair|King has always been a famously streaky hitter|Wise's rather streaky opening goal for Chelsea

definition:
having streaks of different colours or textures.|variable in quality; not predictable or reliable.|lucky.


word: STREAM
russian_word: поток
example: a perfect trout stream|Frank blew out a stream of smoke|children in the top streams
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: striːm
phonetics_text: striːm
definition:
a small, narrow river.|a continuous flow of liquid, air, or gas.|a continuous flow of data or instructions, typically one having a constant or predictable rate.|a group in which schoolchildren of the same age and ability are taught.

synonyms:
brook|rivulet|rill|runnel|streamlet|freshet|river|watercourse|tributary|winterbourne|burn|beck|bourn|creek|billabong|anabranch|influent|confluent|rillet|brooklet|runlet

origin:
Old English strēam (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stroom, German Strom, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek rhein ‘to flow’.


word: STREAMING
russian_word: потокового
example: streaming within secondary schools is common practice
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstriːmɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstriːmɪŋ
definition:
a method of transmitting or receiving data (especially video and audio material) over a computer network as a steady, continuous flow, allowing playback to start while the rest of the data is still being received.|the practice of putting schoolchildren in groups of the same age and ability to be taught together.


word: STREAMLINE
russian_word: рационализировать
antonyms: inefficient
synonyms: aerodynamic|smooth|sleek|trim|elegant|graceful|faired
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈstriːmlʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈstriːmlʌɪn
example:
engineers can reduce a vehicle's fuel consumption by reducing its size and weight and by streamlining its body|the company streamlined its operations by removing whole layers of management

definition:
design or provide with a form that presents very little resistance to a flow of air or water, increasing speed and ease of movement.|make (an organization or system) more efficient and effective by employing faster or simpler working methods.


word: STREAMLINED
russian_word: обтекаемый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstriːmlʌɪnd
phonetics_text: ˈstriːmlʌɪnd
example:
streamlined passenger trains|this streamlined approach will significantly reduce the learning curve for new users

definition:
having a form that presents very little resistance to a flow of air or water.|having been made simpler and more efficient or effective.


word: STREET
russian_word: улица
example: the narrow, winding streets of Edinburgh|London street style
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: striːt
phonetics_text: striːt
definition:
a public road in a city, town, or village, typically with houses and buildings on one or both sides.|relating to the outlook, values, or lifestyle of those young people who are perceived as composing a fashionable urban subculture.

synonyms:
road|thoroughfare|way|avenue|drive|row|crescent|terrace|close|parade|side street|side road|lane|alley|boulevard|highway|strip|blacktop

origin:
Old English strǣt, of West Germanic origin, from late Latin strāta (via) ‘paved (way)’, feminine past participle of sternere ‘lay down’.


word: STREETWEAR
russian_word: уличной
definition: casual clothing of a style worn especially by members of various urban youth subcultures.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstriːtwɛː
phonetics_text: ˈstriːtwɛː
example:
she was one of the first mainstream artists to champion streetwear, wearing oversized hoodies and graphic tees


word: STREETWISE
russian_word: человек, хорошо знающий проблемы городской жизни
example: I wasn't streetwise enough to figure out what he had in mind
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstriːtwʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈstriːtwʌɪz
definition:
having the experience and knowledge necessary to deal with the potential difficulties or dangers of life in an urban environment.


word: STRELITZIA
russian_word: Стрелиция
origin: named after Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1744–1818), queen of George III.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strəˈlɪtsɪə
phonetics_text: strəˈlɪtsɪə
definition:
a southern African plant of the genus Strelitzia (family Strelitziaceae ), especially (in gardening) a bird of paradise flower.


word: STRENGTH
russian_word: прочность
antonyms: weakness|puniness|frailty
origin: Old English strengthu, from the Germanic base of strong.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strɛŋθ
phonetics_text: strɛŋθ|strɛŋkθ
example:
cycling can help you build up your strength|they were taking no chances with the strength of the retaining wall|it's double the strength of your average beer|the strengths and weaknesses of their sales and marketing operation|the peacetime strength of the army was 415,000

definition:
the quality or state of being physically strong.|the capacity of an object or substance to withstand great force or pressure.|the potency or degree of concentration of a drug, chemical, or drink.|a good or beneficial quality or attribute of a person or thing.|the number of people comprising a group, typically a team or army.

synonyms:
power|brawn|brawniness|muscle|muscularity|burliness|sturdiness|robustness|toughness|hardiness|lustiness|vigour|energy|force|might|forcefulness|mightiness|beef|welly|thew|thewiness


word: STRENGTHEN
russian_word: укреплять
example: he advises an application of fluoride to strengthen the teeth
definition: make or become stronger.
antonyms: weaken|die down|ease off|sap|relax|decrease|undermine
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstrɛŋθ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈstrɛŋθ(ə)n|ˈstrɛŋkθ(ə)n
synonyms:
make strong/stronger|build up|give strength to|make healthy|nourish|reinforce|make stronger|buttress|brace|shore up|underpin|underprop|toughen|temper|anneal|become strong/stronger|gain strength|intensify|pick up|heighten|fortify|bolster|give a boost to|boost|harden|stiffen|steel|cement|increase|add to|fuel|add fuel to|renew|vitalize|give new energy to|buoy up|hearten|step up|escalate|scale up|up|crank up|beef up|make more forceful|lend more weight to|support|back up|confirm|bear out|substantiate|corroborate|authenticate|consolidate


word: STRENUOUS
russian_word: напряженный
example: the government made strenuous efforts to upgrade the quality of the teaching profession
definition: requiring or using great effort or exertion.
antonyms: easy|effortless|half-hearted|feeble
origin: early 17th century: from Latin strenuus ‘brisk’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrɛnjʊəs
phonetics_text: ˈstrɛnjʊəs
synonyms:
arduous|difficult|hard|tough|taxing|demanding|exacting|uphill|stiff|formidable|heavy|exhausting|tiring|fatiguing|gruelling|back-breaking|murderous|punishing|no picnic|killing|knackering|toilsome|vigorous|energetic|active|enthusiastic|keen|zealous|forceful|strong|Herculean|spirited|dynamic|intense|determined|resolute|tenacious|tireless|stout|indefatigable|unremitting|dogged|pertinacious


word: STREPTOCOCCUS
russian_word: стрептококк
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈkɒkəs
phonetics_text: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈkɒkəs
definition:
a bacterium of a genus that includes the agents of souring of milk and dental decay, and haemolytic pathogens causing various infections such as scarlet fever and pneumonia.


word: STREPTOKINASE
russian_word: стрептокиназа
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈkʌɪneɪz
phonetics_text: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈkʌɪneɪz
definition:
an enzyme produced by some streptococci which is involved in breaking down red blood cells. It is used to treat blood clots and inflammation.


word: STREPTOMYCETE
russian_word: стрептомицета
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪsiːt
phonetics_text: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪsiːt
definition:
a bacterium which occurs chiefly in soil as aerobic saprophytes resembling moulds, several of which are important sources of antibiotics.

origin:
1950s: anglicized singular of modern Latin Streptomyces, from strepto- ‘twisted’ + Greek mukēs, mukēt- ‘fungus’.


word: STREPTOMYCIN
russian_word: стрептомицин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪsɪn
phonetics_text: ˌstrɛptə(ʊ)ˈmʌɪsɪn
definition:
an antibiotic that was the first drug to be successful against tuberculosis but is now chiefly used with other drugs because of its toxic side effects.


word: STRESS
russian_word: стресс
antonyms: relaxation
synonyms: pressure|tension|strain|tightness|tautness|tensity
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strɛs
phonetics_text: strɛs
example:
the distribution of stress is uniform across the bar|he's obviously under a lot of stress|in many areas irrigation is warranted to avoid plant stress

definition:
pressure or tension exerted on a material object.|a state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse or demanding circumstances.|physiological disturbance or damage caused to an organism by adverse circumstances.|particular emphasis or importance.

origin:
Middle English (denoting hardship or force exerted on a person for the purpose of compulsion): shortening of distress, or partly from Old French estresse ‘narrowness, oppression’, based on Latin strictus ‘drawn tight’ (see strict).


word: STRESSED
russian_word: подчеркнул
example: stressed workers reported smoking more|elision after a stressed syllable|stressed concrete walls
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: strɛst
phonetics_text: strɛst
definition:
experiencing mental or emotional strain or tension.|(of a syllable) pronounced with stress.|strengthened by the application of stress during manufacture; prestressed.


word: STRESSFUL
russian_word: напряженный
example: corporate finance work can be stressful
definition: causing mental or emotional stress.
antonyms: relaxing|easy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrɛsfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈstrɛsfʊl|ˈstrɛsf(ə)l
synonyms:
demanding|trying|exacting|taxing|difficult|hard|tough|fraught|traumatic|pressured|tense|frustrating|worrying|nerve-racking|anxious|anxiety-ridden|wearing|tiring|exhausting|draining


word: STRETCH
russian_word: протяжение
synonyms: be elastic|be stretchy|be stretchable|be tensile
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strɛtʃ
phonetics_text: strɛtʃ
example:
my jumper stretched in the wash|the cat yawned and stretched|the beach stretches for over four miles|the cost of the court case has stretched their finances to the limit

definition:
(of something soft or elastic) be made or be capable of being made longer or wider without tearing or breaking.|straighten or extend one's body or a part of one's body to its full length, typically so as to tighten one's muscles or in order to reach something.|extend or spread over an area or period of time.|make great demands on the capacity or resources of.

origin:
Old English streccan, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch strekken and German strecken . The noun dates from the late 16th century.


word: STRETCHER
russian_word: носилки
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstrɛtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈstrɛtʃə
definition:
a framework of two poles with a long piece of canvas slung between them, used for carrying sick, injured, or dead people.|a wooden frame over which a canvas is spread and tautened ready for painting.|a rod or bar joining and supporting chair legs.|a brick or stone laid with its long side along the face of a wall.|an exaggeration or lie.


word: STREW
russian_word: посыпать
example: a small room with newspapers strewn all over the floor
definition: scatter or spread (things) untidily over a surface or area.
antonyms: gather
synonyms: scatter|spread|disperse|distribute|litter|toss|sprinkle|sow|broadcast|bestrew|besprinkle
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: struː
phonetics_text: struː
origin:
Old English stre(o)wian, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch strooien, German streuen, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sternere ‘lay flat’.


word: STRIA
russian_word: бороздка
origin: late 17th century (as a scientific term): from Latin, literally ‘furrow’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌɪə
definition:
a linear mark, slight ridge, or groove on a surface, often one of a number of similar parallel features.|any of a number of longitudinal collections of nerve fibres in the brain.


word: STRICKLE
russian_word: гребок
definition: a rod used to level off a heaped measure.|a whetting tool.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪk(ə)l
origin:
Old English stricel (in strickle (sense 1)); related to strike. strickle (sense 2) dates from the mid 17th century.


word: STRICT
russian_word: строгий
example: my father was very strict|a strict vegetarian|a strict interpretation of the law
antonyms: lenient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: strɪkt
phonetics_text: strɪkt
definition:
demanding that rules concerning behaviour are obeyed and observed.|(of a person) following rules or beliefs exactly.|exact in correspondence or adherence to something; not allowing or admitting deviation or relaxation.

synonyms:
stern|severe|harsh|uncompromising|authoritarian|firm|austere|illiberal|inflexible|unyielding|unbending|no-nonsense|solid

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘restricted in space or extent’): from Latin strictus, past participle of stringere ‘tighten, draw tight’.


word: STRICTLY
russian_word: строго
example: he's been brought up strictly|strictly speaking, ham is a cured, cooked leg of pork
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈstrɪk(t)li
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪk(t)li
definition:
in a way that involves rigid enforcement or that demands obedience.|used to indicate that one is applying words or rules exactly or rigidly.


word: STRICTNESS
russian_word: взыскательность
example: the strictness of his upbringing
definition: the quality or condition of being strict.
antonyms: flexibility|imprecision
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪk(t)nəs
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪk(t)nəs
synonyms:
severity|harshness|rigidity|rigidness|stringency|rigorousness|austerity|authoritarianism|sternness|precision|preciseness|accuracy|exactness|exactitude|correctness|faithfulness|closeness|correspondence|meticulousness|scrupulousness|thoroughness


word: STRICTURE
russian_word: стриктура
antonyms: freedom
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪktʃə
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪktʃə
example:
the strictures imposed by the British Board of Film Censors|his strictures on their lack of civic virtue|a colonic stricture

definition:
a restriction on a person or activity.|a sternly critical or censorious remark or instruction.|abnormal narrowing of a canal or duct in the body.

synonyms:
constraint|restriction|limitation|control|restraint|straitjacket|curb|check|impediment|bar|barrier|obstacle

origin:
late Middle English (in stricture (sense 3)): from Latin strictura, from stringere ‘draw tight’ (see strict). Another sense of the Latin verb, ‘touch lightly’, gave rise to stricture (sense 2) via an earlier meaning ‘incidental remark’.


word: STRIDE
russian_word: шагать
example: he strode across the road
definition: walk with long, decisive steps in a specified direction.|cross (an obstacle) with one long step.
synonyms: march|stalk|pace|tread|step|walk
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strʌɪd
phonetics_text: strʌɪd
origin:
Old English stride (noun) ‘single long step’, strīdan (verb) ‘stand or walk with the legs wide apart’, probably from a Germanic base meaning ‘strive, quarrel’; related to Dutch strijden ‘fight’ and German streiten ‘quarrel’.


word: STRIDENT
russian_word: скрипучий
example: his voice had become increasingly strident|public pronouncements on the crisis became less strident
antonyms: soft|dulcet
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin strident- ‘creaking’, from the verb stridere .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrʌɪd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌɪd(ə)nt
definition:
(of a sound) loud and harsh; grating.|presenting a point of view, especially a controversial one, in an excessively forceful way.

synonyms:
harsh|raucous|rough|grating|rasping|jarring|loud|stentorian|shrill|screeching|piercing|ear-piercing|unmelodious|unmusical|discordant|dissonant|unharmonious|stridulous|stridulant|stridulatory|stentorious


word: STRIDULATE
russian_word: скрипеть
example: the insects buzzed, whined, hummed, stridulated, and droned
origin: mid 19th century: from French striduler, from Latin stridulus ‘creaking’, from the verb stridere .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstrɪdjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪdjʊleɪt
definition:
(of an insect, especially a male cricket or grasshopper) make a shrill sound by rubbing the legs, wings, or other parts of the body together.


word: STRIFE
russian_word: борьба
example: strife within the community
definition: angry or bitter disagreement over fundamental issues; conflict.
antonyms: harmony|peace|cooperation
origin: Middle English: shortening of Old French estrif (related to Old French estriver ‘strive’).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strʌɪf
phonetics_text: strʌɪf
synonyms:
conflict|friction|discord|disagreement|dissension|variance|dispute|argument|quarrelling|wrangling|bickering|controversy|contention|disharmony|ill feeling|bad feeling|bad blood|hostility|animosity|falling-out


word: STRIKE
russian_word: забастовка
antonyms: extinguish
synonyms: bang|beat|hit|pound|bash|wallop
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strʌɪk
phonetics_text: strʌɪk
example:
he raised his hand, as if to strike me|a major earthquake struck the island|a disturbing thought struck Melissa|the church clock struck twelve|the match went out and he struck another|workers may strike over threatened job losses|I will strike his name from the list|they struck similar medals on behalf of the Normandy veterans|the team has struck a deal with a sports marketing agency|if they do strike oil, there will be another test well in a year's time|she struck out into the lake with a practised crawl|it took ages to strike camp|best results are obtained from striking them in a propagator

definition:
hit forcibly and deliberately with one's hand or a weapon or other implement.|(of a disaster, disease, or other unwelcome phenomenon) occur suddenly and have harmful or damaging effects on.|(of a thought or idea) come into the mind of (someone) suddenly or unexpectedly.|(of a clock) indicate the time by sounding a chime or stroke.|ignite (a match) by rubbing it briskly against an abrasive surface.|(of employees) refuse to work as a form of organized protest, typically in an attempt to obtain a particular concession or concessions from their employer.|cancel, remove, or cross out with or as if with a pen.|make (a coin or medal) by stamping metal.|reach, achieve, or agree to (something involving agreement, balance, or compromise).|discover (gold, minerals, or oil) by drilling or mining.|move or proceed vigorously or purposefully.|take down (a tent or the tents of an encampment).|insert (a cutting of a plant) in soil to take root.|secure a hook in the mouth of a fish by jerking or tightening the line after it has taken the bait or fly.

origin:
Old English strīcan  ‘go, flow’ and ‘rub lightly’, of West Germanic origin; related to German streichen ‘to stroke’, also to stroke. The sense ‘deliver a blow’ dates from Middle English.


word: STRIKER
russian_word: ударник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrʌɪkə
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌɪkə
example:
the manager was anxious to have talks with the strikers and discuss their demands|a gifted striker of the ball

definition:
an employee on strike.|the player who is to strike the ball in a game; a player considered in terms of ability to strike the ball.|a device striking the primer in a gun.


word: STRIKING
russian_word: поразительный
example: the murder bore a striking similarity to an earlier shooting|striking mineworkers
definition: attracting attention by reason of being unusual, extreme, or prominent.|(of an employee) on strike.
antonyms: inconspicuous|unremarkable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstrʌɪkɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌɪkɪŋ
synonyms:
noticeable|obvious|conspicuous|evident|salient|visible|distinct|prominent|marked|clear-cut|notable|manifest|unmistakable|distinctive|strong|rare|uncommon|out of the ordinary|significant|remarkable|extraordinary|incredible|amazing|astounding|astonishing|surprising|staggering|phenomenal


word: STRING
russian_word: строка
example: unwieldy packs tied up with string|she wore a string of agates round her throat
synonyms: twine|cord|yarn|thread|strand|fibre|rope|cable|line|wire|ligature|thong|hawser|fillis
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strɪŋ
phonetics_text: strɪŋ
definition:
material consisting of threads of cotton, hemp, or other material twisted together to form a thin length.|a set of things tied or threaded together on a thin cord.|a tough piece of fibre in vegetables, meat, or other food, such as a tough elongated piece connecting the two halves of a bean pod.|a G-string or thong.|short for stringboard.|a hypothetical one-dimensional subatomic particle having the dynamical properties of a flexible loop.

origin:
Old English streng (noun), of Germanic origin; related to German Strang, also to strong. The verb (dating from late Middle English) is first recorded in the senses ‘arrange in a row’ and ‘fit with a string’.


word: STRINGENT
russian_word: строгий
example: stringent guidelines on air pollution
definition: (of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting.
antonyms: lenient|flexible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrɪn(d)ʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪn(d)ʒ(ə)nt
synonyms:
strict|firm|rigid|rigorous|severe|harsh|tough|tight|exacting|demanding|inflexible|stiff|hard and fast|uncompromising|draconian|extreme

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘compelling, convincing’): from Latin stringent- ‘drawing tight’, from the verb stringere .


word: STRINGER
russian_word: стрингер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪŋə
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪŋə
example:
papers relied increasingly on locally based stringers and news agencies|six of the team's 24 first-stringers are Canadian

definition:
a longitudinal structural piece in a framework, especially that of a ship or aircraft.|a newspaper correspondent who is retained on a part-time basis to report on events in a particular place.|a reserve sports player holding a specified position in an order of preference.|a chain with hooks on which caught fish are strung.|a stringboard.


word: STRING UP
russian_word: напрягать
example: electric globes had been strung up at intervals|he was strung up about something and behaving oddly
definition: hang something up on strings.|be tense or nervous.
antonyms: relaxed|laid-back
synonyms:
tense|nervous|on edge|edgy|overwrought|jumpy|keyed up|worked up|agitated|restive|anxious|worried|apprehensive|ill at ease|uneasy|unquiet|nervy|uptight|wound up|strung out|twitchy|jittery|wired|a bundle of nerves|like a cat on a hot tin roof|stressy


word: STRIP
russian_word: полоса
example: they stripped the bed|thieves stripped the room of luggage|the lieutenant was stripped of his rank
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strɪp
phonetics_text: strɪp
definition:
remove all coverings from.|leave bare of accessories or fittings.|deprive someone of (rank, power, or property).|sell off (the assets of a company) for profit.|tear the thread or teeth from (a screw, gearwheel, etc.).|(of a bullet) be fired from a rifled gun without spin owing to a loss of surface.

synonyms:
empty|clear|clean out|plunder|rob|burgle|loot|rifle|pillage|ransack|gut|lay bare|devastate|sack|ravage|raid|despoil|spoil|reave

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): of Germanic origin; related to Dutch stropen . strip1 (sense 2 of the noun) arose in the late 20th century, possibly from the notion of clothing to which a player ‘strips’ down.


word: STRIPE
russian_word: полоса
synonyms: line|band|strip|belt|bar|swathe|streak|striation|vein|thread|chevron|flash|blaze|marking|stria
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strʌɪp
phonetics_text: strʌɪp
example:
a pair of blue shorts with pink stripes|he was wearing his old uniform without its sergeant's stripes|entrepreneurs of all stripes are joining in the offensive

definition:
a long, narrow band or strip differing in colour or texture from the surface on either side of it.|a chevron sewn on to a uniform to denote military rank.|a type or category.

origin:
late Middle English: perhaps a back-formation from striped, of Dutch or Low German origin; compare with Middle Dutch and Middle Low German strīpe .


word: STRIPLING
russian_word: юноша
example: he's a mere stripling
definition: a young man.
antonyms: old man
origin: Middle English: probably from strip2 (from the notion of ‘narrowness’, i.e. slimness) + -ling.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪplɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪplɪŋ
synonyms:
youth|adolescent|youngster|boy|schoolboy|lad|child|teenager|juvenile|minor|junior|young man|whippersnapper|fledgling|laddie|bairn|pickney|kid|young 'un|nipper|shaver|tot|hobbledehoy|brat|urchin|guttersnipe


word: STRIPTEASE
russian_word: стриптиз
example: a floor show which included topless dancing and striptease
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪptiːz
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪptiːz
definition:
a form of entertainment in which a performer gradually undresses to music in a way intended to be sexually exciting.


word: STROBILA
russian_word: стробила
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strəˈbʌɪlə
phonetics_text: strəˈbʌɪlə
definition:
the segmented part of the body of a tapeworm that consists of a long chain of proglottids.|a stack of immature larval jellyfish formed on a sessile polyp-like form by budding.

origin:
mid 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek strobilē ‘twisted plug of lint’, from strephein ‘to twist’.


word: STROBING
russian_word: постробирования
example: the coloured strobing of his shirt|an effect known as image strobing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrəʊbɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstrəʊbɪŋ
definition:
irregular movement and loss of continuity sometimes seen in lines and stripes in a television picture.|jerkiness in what should be a smooth movement of an image on a screen.


word: STROBOSCOPE
russian_word: стробоскоп
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek strobos ‘whirling’ + -scope.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrəʊbəskəʊp
phonetics_text: ˈstrəʊbəskəʊp
definition:
an instrument for studying periodic motion or determining speeds of rotation by shining a bright light at intervals so that a moving or rotating object appears stationary.


word: STROGANOFF
russian_word: бефстроганов
origin: named after Count Pavel Stroganov (1772–1817), Russian diplomat.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɒɡənɒf
phonetics_text: ˈstrɒɡənɒf
definition:
a dish in which the central ingredient, typically strips of beef, is cooked in a sauce containing sour cream.


word: STROKE
russian_word: ход
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strəʊk
phonetics_text: strəʊk
example:
he received three strokes of the cane|the paint had been applied in careful, regular strokes|massage the cream into your skin using light upward strokes|the ray swam with effortless strokes of its huge wings|he was left disabled by a stroke

definition:
an act of hitting or striking someone or something; a blow.|a mark made by drawing a pen, pencil, or paintbrush in one direction across paper or canvas.|an act of moving one's hand across a surface with gentle pressure.|each of a series of movements in which something moves out of its position and back into it.|a sudden disabling attack or loss of consciousness caused by an interruption in the flow of blood to the brain, especially through thrombosis.

synonyms:
blow|hit|thump|thwack|punch|slap|smack|welt|cuff|box|knock|rap|buffet|wallop|clobber|clout|whack|bash|belt|sock|bop|biff|swipe|slug|smite

origin:
Old English strācian  ‘caress lightly’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch streek ‘a stroke’, German streichen ‘to stroke’, also to strike. The earliest noun sense ‘blow’ is first recorded in Middle English.


word: STROLL
russian_word: прогулка
example: I strolled around the city|the horse strolled home by 12 lengths
definition: walk in a leisurely way.|achieve a sporting victory without effort.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strəʊl
phonetics_text: strəʊl
synonyms:
saunter|amble|wander|meander|ramble|dawdle|promenade|walk|go for a walk|take a walk|potter|roam|traipse|stretch one's legs|get some exercise|get some air|take the air|stravaig|mosey|tootle|pootle|bimble|mooch|swan|perambulate|peregrinate

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘roam as a vagrant’): probably from German strollen, strolchen, from Strolch ‘vagabond’, of unknown ultimate origin.


word: STROLLER
russian_word: бродяга
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrəʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈstrəʊlə
example:
shady gardens where strollers could relax|a little stroller taps on the window and cups his hands in a begging gesture

definition:
a person taking a leisurely walk.|a chair on wheels, typically folding, in which a baby or young child can be pushed along; a pushchair.|a young urban vagrant; a street child.


word: STROMA
russian_word: строма
example: a loose stroma of connective tissue|the fruiting body is tightly compressed and sessile on a stroma
origin: mid 19th century: modern Latin, via late Latin from Greek strōma ‘coverlet’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrəʊmə
phonetics_text: ˈstrəʊmə
definition:
the supportive tissue of an epithelial organ, tumour, gonad, etc., consisting of connective tissues and blood vessels.|a mass of fungal tissue that has spore-bearing structures either embedded in it or on its surface.


word: STROMATOLITE
russian_word: строматолитов
origin: 1930s: from modern Latin stroma, stromat- ‘layer, covering’ + -lite.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strə(ʊ)ˈmatəlʌɪt
phonetics_text: strə(ʊ)ˈmatəlʌɪt
definition:
a calcareous mound built up of layers of lime-secreting cyanobacteria and trapped sediment, found in Precambrian rocks as the earliest known fossils, and still being formed in lagoons in Australasia.


word: STRONG
russian_word: сильный
antonyms: weak|puny
origin: Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German streng, also to string.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: strɒŋ
phonetics_text: strɒŋ
example:
she cut through the water with her strong arms|cotton is strong, hard-wearing, and easy to handle|a strong smell|a hostile crowd several thousands strong

definition:
having the power to move heavy weights or perform other physically demanding tasks.|able to withstand force, pressure, or wear.|very intense.|used after a number to indicate the size of a group.|denoting a class of verbs in Germanic languages that form the past tense and past participle by a change of vowel within the stem rather than by addition of a suffix (e.g. swim, swam, swum ).|relating to or denoting the strongest of the known kinds of force between particles, which acts between nucleons and other hadrons when closer than about 10−13 cm (so binding protons in a nucleus despite the repulsion due to their charge), and which conserves strangeness, parity, and isospin.

synonyms:
powerful|muscular|brawny|well built|powerfully built|strapping|sturdy|hefty|burly|meaty|robust|fit|athletic|vigorous|tough|rugged|stalwart|staunch|mighty|hardy|lusty|Herculean|strong as an ox/horse/lion|beefy|hunky|husky|ripped|shredded|buff|jacked


word: STRONGBOX
russian_word: сейф
definition: a small lockable box, typically made of metal, in which valuables may be kept.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɒŋbɒks
phonetics_text: ˈstrɒŋbɒks
synonyms:
safe|safety-deposit box|safe-deposit box|coffer|cash box|money box|money chest|locker|repository|vault|bank


word: STRONGHOLD
russian_word: крепость
synonyms: fortress|fort|castle|citadel|garrison|keep|tower|hold|donjon|bunker|fastness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɒŋhəʊld
phonetics_text: ˈstrɒŋhəʊld
example:
their mountain strongholds fell to enemy attack|the island is a stronghold of the Gaelic language and culture

definition:
a place that has been fortified so as to protect it against attack.|a place where a particular cause or belief is strongly defended or upheld.


word: STRONGMAN
russian_word: силач
example: a fairground scene with acrobats, a strongman, and fire-eating
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɒŋman
phonetics_text: ˈstrɒŋman
definition:
a man of great physical strength, especially one who performs feats of strength as a form of entertainment.


word: STRONG-WILLED
russian_word: волевой
example: she's a very strong-willed little girl
definition: determined to do as one wants even if other people advise against it.
antonyms: weak-willed|spineless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌstrɒŋˈwɪld
phonetics_text: ˌstrɒŋˈwɪld
synonyms:
determined|iron-willed|resolute|stubborn|stubborn as a mule|mulish|obstinate|wilful|headstrong|strong-minded|self-willed|inflexible|unbending|unyielding|intransigent|intractable|obdurate|recalcitrant|refractory|forceful|domineering|pushy|indurate


word: STROP
russian_word: строп
definition: a device, typically a strip of leather, for sharpening razors.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strɒp
phonetics_text: strɒp
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘thong’, also as a nautical term): probably a West Germanic adoption of Latin stroppus ‘thong’.


word: STROPHANTHIN
russian_word: строфантин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: strə(ʊ)ˈfanθɪn
phonetics_text: strə(ʊ)ˈfanθɪn
definition:
a poisonous substance of the glycoside class, obtained from certain African trees and used as a heart stimulant.

origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin strophanthus (from Greek strophos ‘twisted cord’ + anthos ‘flower’, referring to the long segments of the corolla) + -in1.


word: STROPHE
russian_word: строфа
definition: the first section of an ancient Greek choral ode or of one division of it.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrəʊfi
phonetics_text: ˈstrəʊfi
origin:
early 17th century: from Greek strophē, literally ‘turning’, from strephein ‘to turn’: the term originally denoted a movement from right to left made by a Greek chorus, or lines of choral song recited during this.


word: STROPPY
russian_word: несговорчивый
example: Patricia was getting stroppy
definition: bad-tempered and argumentative.
origin: 1950s: perhaps an abbreviation of obstreperous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstrɒpi
phonetics_text: ˈstrɒpi
synonyms:
bad-tempered|ill-tempered|irritable|grumpy|cantankerous|truculent|sulky|sullen|awkward|uncooperative|unhelpful|recalcitrant|refractory|difficult|perverse|contrary|confrontational|argumentative|quarrelsome|obstreperous|choleric|thrawn|pig-headed|cussed|shirty|ratty|narky|bolshie|bloody-minded|balky|scrappy|contumacious|froward|contrarious


word: STRUCTURALISM
russian_word: структурализм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrʌktʃ(ə)r(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌktʃ(ə)r(ə)lɪz(ə)m
definition:
a method of interpretation and analysis of aspects of human cognition, behaviour, culture, and experience, which focuses on relationships of contrast between elements in a conceptual system.


word: STRUCTURE
russian_word: структура
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstrʌktʃə
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌktʃə
example:
the two sentences have equivalent structures|the station is a magnificent structure and should not be demolished

definition:
the arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex.|a building or other object constructed from several parts.

synonyms:
construction|form|formation|shape|composition|fabric|anatomy|make-up|constitution|organization|system|arrangement|layout|design|frame|framework|configuration|conformation|pattern|plan|mould|set-up

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the process of building): from Old French, or from Latin structura, from struere ‘to build’. The verb is rarely found before the 20th century.


word: STRUGGLE
russian_word: борьба
example: before she could struggle, he lifted her up
definition: make forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction.
synonyms: fight|grapple|wrestle|scuffle|brawl|spar|exchange blows|come to blows|scrap|swedge
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: frequentative, perhaps of imitative origin. The noun dates from the late 17th century.


word: STRUM
russian_word: бренчать
example: he was sitting in the bedroom strumming a guitar
origin: late 18th century: imitative; compare with thrum1.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: strʌm
phonetics_text: strʌm
definition:
play (a guitar or similar instrument) by sweeping the thumb or a plectrum up or down across the strings.


word: STRUT
russian_word: распорка
example: a supporting strut|that old confident strut and swagger has returned
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: strʌt
phonetics_text: strʌt
definition:
a rod or bar forming part of a framework and designed to resist compression.|a stiff, erect, and apparently arrogant or conceited gait.

origin:
Old English strūtian  ‘protrude stiffly’, of Germanic origin. Current senses date from the late 16th century.


word: STRYCHNINE
russian_word: стрихнин
origin: early 19th century: from French, via Latin from Greek strukhnos, denoting a kind of nightshade.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstrɪkniːn
phonetics_text: ˈstrɪkniːn|ˈstrɪn
definition:
a bitter and highly poisonous compound obtained from nux vomica and related plants. An alkaloid, it has occasionally been used as a stimulant.


word: STUB
russian_word: огрызок
example: the ashtray was full of stubs|retain your ticket stubs
synonyms: butt|end|tail end|remnant|dog-end|fag end|stump|remains
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stʌb
phonetics_text: stʌb
definition:
the truncated remnant of a pencil, cigarette, or similar-shaped object after use.|the counterfoil of a cheque, receipt, ticket, or other document.

origin:
Old English stub(b)  ‘stump of a tree’, of Germanic origin. The verb is first recorded (late Middle English) in sense 3; stub (sense 1 of the verb) (mid 19th century) was originally a US usage.


word: STUBBLE
russian_word: стерня
example: fields of yellow stubble|she ran her fingers over the dark stubble on his cheeks
synonyms: stalks|straw
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈstʌb(ə)l
definition:
the cut stalks of cereal plants left sticking out of the ground after the grain is harvested.|short, stiff hairs growing on a part of the body that has not been shaved for a while, especially on a man’s face.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French stuble, from Latin stupla, stupula, variants of stipula ‘straw’.


word: STUBBORN
russian_word: упрямый
example: a stubborn refusal to learn from experience
antonyms: compliant|docile
origin: Middle English (originally in the sense ‘untameable, implacable’): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌbən
phonetics_text: ˈstʌbən
definition:
having or showing dogged determination not to change one's attitude or position on something, especially in spite of good arguments or reasons to do so.

synonyms:
obstinate|stubborn as a mule|mulish|headstrong|wilful|strong-willed|self-willed|pig-headed|bull-headed|obdurate|awkward|difficult|contrary|perverse|recalcitrant|refractory|firm|adamant|resolute|dogged|persistent|pertinacious|inflexible|iron-willed|uncompromising|uncooperative|unaccommodating|intractable|unbending|unyielding|unmalleable|unadaptable|rock-ribbed|stiff-necked|bolshie|bloody-minded|balky|contumacious|froward


word: STUBBY
russian_word: коренастый
example: Bob pointed with a stubby finger
definition: short and thick.
antonyms: slender|tall
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstʌbi
phonetics_text: ˈstʌbi
synonyms:
dumpy|stocky|chunky|chubby|thickset|sturdy|heavyset|squat|solid|short|stumpy|dwarfish|diminutive|undersized|nuggety|fubsy|mesomorphic|pyknic|small|little|wee


word: STUD
russian_word: шпилька
example: lath and plaster on timber studs
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stʌd
phonetics_text: stʌd
definition:
a large-headed piece of metal that pierces and projects from a surface, especially for decoration.|an upright timber in the wall of a building to which laths and plasterboard are nailed.|a rivet or crosspiece in each link of a chain cable.

origin:
Old English studu, stuthu  ‘post, upright prop’; related to German stützen ‘to prop’. The sense ‘ornamental metal knob’ arose in late Middle English.


word: STUDENT
russian_word: студент
example: a student of sociology
definition: a person who is studying at a university or other place of higher education.
synonyms: undergraduate|postgraduate|scholar|tutee|freshman|freshwoman|finalist|sophomore|coed|fresher|frosh
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstjuːd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːd(ə)nt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin student- ‘applying oneself to’, from the verb studere, related to studium ‘painstaking application’.


word: STUDENTSHIP
russian_word: стипендия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstjuːd(ə)n(t)ʃɪp
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːd(ə)n(t)ʃɪp
example:
fully funded PhD studentships are restricted to students with a good degree in the physical sciences

definition:
a grant or payment made to support a student's education, awarded on the basis of academic or other achievement.


word: STUDIED
russian_word: учился
example: he treated them with studied politeness
definition: (of a quality or result) achieved or maintained by careful and deliberate effort.
antonyms: natural|spontaneous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌdɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstʌdɪd
synonyms:
deliberate|careful|thoughtful|considered|conscious|calculated|intentional|volitional|designed|mannered|measured|studious|knowing|purposeful|guarded|contrived|affected|forced|strained|laboured|feigned|artificial|overworked|overdone|self-conscious


word: STUDIO
russian_word: студия
synonyms: workshop|workroom|atelier|workplace|place of work|office|study
origin: early 19th century: from Italian, from Latin studium (see study).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstjuːdɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːdɪəʊ
example:
mostly the painting is done in the studio, working from drawings|the big names are being snapped up by major studios in the film capital|all apartments and studios have private facilities

definition:
a room where an artist, photographer, sculptor, etc. works.|a film or television production company.|a studio flat.


word: STUDIOUS
russian_word: прилежный
example: he was quiet and studious|his studious absence from public view
definition: spending a lot of time studying or reading.|done deliberately or with a purpose in mind.
antonyms: natural|spontaneous
origin: Middle English: from Latin studiosus, from studium ‘painstaking application’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstjuːdɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːdɪəs
synonyms:
scholarly|academic|bookish|book-loving|intellectual|erudite|learned|donnish|serious|earnest|thoughtful|cerebral|brainy|swotty


word: STUDIOUSLY
russian_word: старательно
example: he gets on with his work quietly and studiously|she studiously avoided his gaze
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈstjuːdɪəsli
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːdɪəsli
definition:
with concentration and conscientiousness in one's work or reading.|in a very deliberate manner; with a purpose in mind.


word: STUDY
russian_word: исследование
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈstʌdi
phonetics_text: ˈstʌdi
example:
the study of English|a study of a sample of 5,000 children|the third bedroom was used as a study|he perched on the edge of the bed, a study in confusion and misery

definition:
the devotion of time and attention to gaining knowledge of an academic subject, especially by means of books.|a detailed investigation and analysis of a subject or situation.|a room used or designed for reading, writing, or academic work.|a piece of work, especially a drawing, done for practice or as an experiment.|a thing or person that is an embodiment or good example of something.

synonyms:
learning|education|schooling|work|academic work|book work|scholarship|tuition|research|swotting|cramming

origin:
Middle English: shortening of Old French estudie (noun), estudier (verb), both based on Latin studium ‘zeal, painstaking application’.


word: STUFF
russian_word: материал
example: I prefer to buy stuff in sales|Healey was made of sterner stuff|her dark stuff gown
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stʌf
phonetics_text: stʌf
definition:
matter, material, articles, or activities of a specified or indeterminate kind that are being referred to, indicated, or implied.|the basic constituents or characteristics of something or someone.|woollen fabric, especially as distinct from silk, cotton, and linen.|(in sport) spin given to a ball to make it vary its course.

synonyms:
material|fabric|cloth|textile|matter|substance|medium|items|articles|objects|goods|things|bits and pieces|bits and bobs|odds and ends|odds and sods|gubbins

origin:
Middle English (denoting material for making clothes): shortening of Old French estoffe ‘material, furniture’, estoffer ‘equip, furnish’, from Greek stuphein ‘draw together’.


word: STUFFED
russian_word: фаршированный
example: a stuffed parrot
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stʌft
phonetics_text: stʌft
definition:
(of a dead animal) having the skin filled with material to restore the original shape and appearance.


word: STUFFING
russian_word: начинка
example: sage and onion stuffing|the stuffing is coming out of the armchair
synonyms: filling|forcemeat|farce|salpicon|dressing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌfɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstʌfɪŋ
definition:
a mixture used to stuff poultry or meat before cooking.|padding used to stuff cushions, furniture, or soft toys.|a heavy defeat in sport.


word: STUFFY
russian_word: душный
example: a stuffy, overcrowded office|he was steady and rather stuffy
antonyms: airy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌfi
phonetics_text: ˈstʌfi
definition:
(of a place) lacking fresh air or ventilation.|(of a person) not receptive to new or unusual ideas; conventional and narrow-minded.

synonyms:
airless|close|muggy|sultry|heavy|musty|stale|frowzy|stifling|suffocating|oppressive|frowsty|claggy|fuggy


word: STULTIFY
russian_word: сводить на нет
example: he found ways of gently subverting the class system that stultified 1950s English society
antonyms: excite
origin: mid 18th century: from late Latin stultificare, from Latin stultus ‘foolish’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstʌltɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈstʌltɪfʌɪ
definition:
cause to lose enthusiasm and initiative, especially as a result of a tedious or restrictive routine.|cause (someone) to appear foolish or absurd.

synonyms:
hamper|impede|obstruct|thwart|frustrate|foil|suppress|smother|repress|bore|make bored|dull|numb|benumb|stupefy|deaden|bore rigid|bore stupid|bore to death|hebetate


word: STUMER
russian_word: подделка
definition: a worthless cheque or a counterfeit coin or note.|a failure.
origin: late 19th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstjuːmə
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːmə
example:
he got your picture back from the man who gave you a stumer cheque|his piece was a stumer, a complete flop


word: STUMP
russian_word: пень
example: his jibes at his opponents may have won him some support on the stump early in his campaign
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stʌmp
phonetics_text: stʌmp
definition:
the bottom part of a tree left projecting from the ground after most of the trunk has fallen or been cut down.|each of the three upright pieces of wood which form a wicket.|a cylinder with conical ends made of rolled paper or other soft material, used for softening or blending marks made with a crayon or pencil.|used in relation to political campaigning.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a part of a limb remaining after an amputation): from Middle Low German stump(e ) or Middle Dutch stomp . The early sense of the verb was ‘stumble’.


word: STUMP UP
russian_word: платить
example: a buyer would have to stump up at least £8.5 million for the site
definition: pay a sum of money.
synonyms:
pay|pay up|hand over|part with|give|put in|contribute|donate|fork out|shell out|dish out|lay out|come across with|cough up|chip in|ante up|pony up


word: STUMPY
russian_word: приземистый
example: weak stumpy legs
definition: short and thick; squat.
antonyms: long|thin
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌmpi
phonetics_text: ˈstʌmpi
synonyms:
short|stubby|squat|stunted|stocky|sturdy|chunky|heavily built|heavyset|solid|thickset|bull-necked|beefy|fubsy


word: STUN
russian_word: оглушать
example: the man was stunned by a blow to the head|the community was stunned by the tragedy
synonyms: daze|stupefy|knock senseless|knock unconscious|knock out|lay out|knock for six
origin: Middle English: shortening of Old French estoner ‘astonish’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: stʌn
phonetics_text: stʌn
definition:
knock unconscious or into a dazed or semi-conscious state.|astonish or shock (someone) so that they are temporarily unable to react.


word: STUNNER
russian_word: потрясающее зрелище
example: the girl was a stunner
definition: a strikingly beautiful or impressive person or thing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌnə
phonetics_text: ˈstʌnə
synonyms:
beauty|belle|goddess|Venus|siren|charmer|seductress|dream|vision|sensation|looker|good-looker|lovely|knockout|cracker|smasher|bobby-dazzler|dish|sight for sore eyes|eye-catcher|eyeful|peach|honey


word: STUNNING
russian_word: ошеломляющий
example: she looked stunning
definition: extremely impressive or attractive.
antonyms: ordinary|run-of-the-mill|unattractive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌnɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈstʌnɪŋ
synonyms:
remarkable|extraordinary|staggering|incredible|impressive|outstanding|amazing|astonishing|marvellous|phenomenal|splendid|imposing|breathtaking|thrilling|mind-boggling|mind-blowing|out of this world|fabulous|fab|super|fantastic|tremendous|wondrous|beautiful|handsome|attractive|lovely|good-looking|comely|pretty|sexy|sensational|radiant|ravishing|striking|dazzling|devastating|wonderful|magnificent|glorious|captivating|bewitching|charming|alluring|exquisite|bonny|gorgeous|drop-dead gorgeous|amazeballs|easy on the eye|knockout|smashing|bootylicious|on fleek|beauteous|pulchritudinous


word: STUNT
russian_word: трюк
example: some weeds produce chemicals that stunt the plant's growth
definition: prevent from growing or developing properly.
antonyms: promote|encourage
synonyms: inhibit|impede|hamper|hinder|restrict|retard|slow|curb|arrest|check|stop
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: stʌnt
phonetics_text: stʌnt
origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘bring to an abrupt halt’): from dialect stunt ‘foolish, stubborn’, of Germanic origin; perhaps related to stump.


word: STUPEFACTION
russian_word: помрачение сознания
example: salesmen stood in bored stupefaction
definition: the state of being stupefied.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌstʃuːpɪˈfakʃn
phonetics_text: ˌstʃuːpɪˈfakʃn|ˌstjuːpɪˈfakʃn
synonyms:
oblivion|obliviousness|unconsciousness|insensibility|senselessness|numbness|lack of sensation/feeling|blankness|stupor|daze|blackout|coma|collapse|bewilderment|confusion|perplexity|bafflement|wonder|wonderment|amazement|astonishment|shock|devastation


word: STUPEFY
russian_word: притуплять
example: the offence of administering drugs to a woman with intent to stupefy her
definition: make (someone) unable to think or feel properly.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstjuːpɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːpɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
stun|daze|befuddle|knock senseless|knock unconscious|knock out|lay out|benumb|numb|drug|sedate|anaesthetize|give anaesthetic to|tranquillize|narcotize|intoxicate|inebriate|render unconscious|dope

origin:
late Middle English: from French stupéfier, from Latin stupefacere, from stupere ‘be struck senseless’.


word: STUPENDOUS
russian_word: изумительный
example: the most stupendous views
definition: extremely impressive.
antonyms: run-of-the-mill|ordinary
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin stupendus ‘to be wondered at’ (gerundive of stupere ) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: stjuːˈpɛndəs
phonetics_text: stjuːˈpɛndəs
synonyms:
amazing|astounding|astonishing|extraordinary|remarkable|wonderful|prodigious|phenomenal|staggering|breathtaking|fantastic|mind-boggling|mind-blowing|great|terrific|awesome|unreal|amazeballs|wondrous


word: STUPID
russian_word: глупый
example: I was stupid enough to think she was perfect
definition: having or showing a great lack of intelligence or common sense.
antonyms: intelligent|clever|astute|sensible|prudent
origin: mid 16th century: from French stupide or Latin stupidus, from stupere ‘be amazed or stunned’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstjuːpɪd
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːpɪd
synonyms:
unintelligent|ignorant|dense|brainless|mindless|foolish|dull-witted|dull|slow-witted|witless|slow|dunce-like|simple-minded|empty-headed|vacuous|vapid|half-witted|idiotic|moronic|imbecilic|imbecile|obtuse|doltish|gullible|naive|thick|dim|dumb|dopey|dozy|crazy|cretinous|birdbrained|pea-brained|pig-ignorant|bovine|slow on the uptake|soft in the head|brain-dead|boneheaded|lamebrained|thickheaded|chuckleheaded|dunderheaded|wooden|wooden-headed|fat-headed|muttonheaded|daft|barmy|not the full shilling|thick as two short planks|silly|scatterbrained|crackbrained|nonsensical|senseless|irresponsible|unthinking|ill-advised|ill-considered|inept|damfool|unwise|injudicious|indiscreet|short-sighted|inane|absurd|ludicrous|ridiculous|laughable|risible|fatuous|asinine|pointless|meaningless|futile|fruitless|mad|insane|lunatic|cracked|half-baked|cock-eyed|hare-brained|nutty|derpy|cuckoo|loony|loopy|zany|screwy|off one's head|off one's trolley|out to lunch|potty|dotty|batty|gormless|glaikit|dumb-ass|half-assed


word: STUPIDITY
russian_word: глупость
example: I can't believe my own stupidity
definition: behaviour that shows a lack of good sense or judgement.
antonyms: genius|sagacity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stʃʊˈpɪdɪti
phonetics_text: stʃʊˈpɪdɪti|stʃuːˈpɪdɪti|stjʊˈpɪdɪti|stjuːˈpɪdɪti
synonyms:
lack of intelligence|unintelligence|foolishness|denseness|brainlessness|ignorance|mindlessness|dull-wittedness|dull-headedness|dullness|slow-wittedness|doltishness|slowness|vacancy|gullibility|naivety|thickness|dimness|dumbness|dopiness|doziness|craziness|folly|silliness|idiocy|senselessness|irresponsibility|injudiciousness|ineptitude|inaneness|inanity|irrationality|absurdity|ludicrousness|ridiculousness|fatuousness|fatuity|asininity|pointlessness|meaninglessness|futility|fruitlessness|madness|insanity|lunacy|daftness


word: STUPOR
russian_word: ступор
example: a drunken stupor
definition: a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, from stupere ‘be amazed or stunned’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstjuːpə
phonetics_text: ˈstjuːpə
synonyms:
daze|state of stupefaction|state of senselessness|state of unconsciousness|inertia|torpor|insensibility|numbness|blankness|oblivion|coma|blackout|dwam|sopor


word: STURDY
russian_word: крепкий
example: he had a sturdy, muscular physique
definition: (of a person or their body) strongly and solidly built.
antonyms: puny|frail
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈstəːdi
phonetics_text: ˈstəːdi
synonyms:
strapping|well built|well made|muscular|athletic|strong|hefty|brawny|powerfully built|powerful|solidly built|solid|burly|stocky|thickset|rugged|substantial|robust|vigorous|tough|hardy|mighty|lusty|Herculean|fit|able-bodied|healthy|in good health|hale and hearty|hearty|hale|in good shape|in good condition|sound|sound in body and limb|husky|beefy|meaty|chunky|fit as a fiddle|ripped|shredded|buff|jacked|stalwart|thewy|stark

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘reckless, violent’ and ‘intractable, obstinate’): shortening of Old French esturdi ‘stunned, dazed’. The derivation remains obscure; thought by some to be based on Latin turdus ‘a thrush’ (compare with the French phrase soûl comme une grive ‘drunk as a thrush’).


word: STURGEON
russian_word: осетр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəːdʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈstəːdʒ(ə)n
definition:
a very large primitive fish with bony plates on the body. It occurs in temperate seas and rivers of the northern hemisphere, especially central Eurasia, and is of commercial importance for its caviar and flesh.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch steur and German Stör .


word: STURMER
russian_word: Штюрмер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstəːmə
phonetics_text: ˈstəːmə
definition:
an eating apple of a late-ripening variety with a mainly yellowish-green skin and firm yellowish flesh.

origin:
mid 19th century: named after the village of Sturmer, on the Essex–Suffolk border, where it was first grown.


word: STUTTER
russian_word: заикание
example: the child was stuttering in fright
definition: talk with continued involuntary repetition of sounds, especially initial consonants.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈstʌtə
phonetics_text: ˈstʌtə
synonyms:
stammer|stumble|speak haltingly|falter|speak falteringly|flounder|hesitate|pause|halt|blunder|splutter|fluff one's lines

origin:
late 16th century (as a verb): frequentative of dialect stut, of Germanic origin; related to German stossen ‘strike against’.


word: STY
russian_word: свинарник
definition: a pigsty.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stʌɪ
phonetics_text: stʌɪ
origin:
Old English stī- (in stīfearh ‘sty pig’), probably identical with stig ‘hall’ (see steward), of Germanic origin.


word: STYLE
russian_word: стиль
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: stʌɪl
phonetics_text: stʌɪl
example:
different styles of management|the pillars are no exception to the general style|the world-famous hotel attracts guests because of its style and taste

definition:
a particular procedure by which something is done; a manner or way.|a distinctive appearance, typically determined by the principles according to which something is designed.|fashionable elegance and sophistication.|(in a flower) a narrow, typically elongated extension of the ovary, bearing the stigma.|(in an invertebrate) a small, slender pointed appendage; a stylet.|archaic term for stylus (sense 2).

synonyms:
manner|way|technique|method|methodology|approach|system|mode|form|practice|modus operandi|MO|type|kind|variety|sort|nature|genre|vein|species|ilk|vintage|school|brand|quality|calibre|kidney|design|pattern|stamp|model|cast|grain|stripe

origin:
Middle English (denoting a stylus, also a literary composition, an official title, or a characteristic manner of literary expression): from Old French stile, from Latin stilus . The verb dates (first in style (sense 2 of the verb)) from the early 16th century.


word: STYLISH
russian_word: стильный
example: you don't have to be a designer to create a stylish look in your own small room
definition: fashionably elegant and sophisticated.
antonyms: unfashionable|dowdy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈstʌɪlɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪlɪʃ
synonyms:
fashionable|modish|voguish|modern|ultra-modern|contemporary|up to date|up to the minute|trendsetting|smart|sophisticated|elegant|chic|polished|dapper|debonair|dashing|fine|fancy|flashy|designer|à la mode|trendy|with it|all the rage|bang up to date|in|now|hip|cool|big|natty|classy|nifty|dressy|ritzy|snazzy|snappy|flash|sharp|fancy-pants|kicking|kicky|tony|fly|spiffy|sassy|stylin'|on fleek|steezy


word: STYLIST
russian_word: стилист
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪlɪst
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪlɪst
example:
a collection of 40s-inspired shapes from a leading stylist|a food stylist|the letter was written by a famous stylist

definition:
a designer of fashionable styles of clothing.|a person whose job is to arrange and coordinate food, clothes, etc. in a stylish and attractive way in photographs or films.|a writer noted for taking great pains over their writing style.


word: STYLISTICS
russian_word: стилистика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: stʌɪˈlɪstɪks
phonetics_text: stʌɪˈlɪstɪks
definition:
the study of the distinctive styles found in particular literary genres and in the works of individual writers.


word: STYLITE
russian_word: столпника
origin: mid 17th century: from ecclesiastical Greek stulitēs, from stulos ‘pillar’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪlʌɪt
definition:
an ascetic living on top of a pillar, especially in ancient or medieval Syria, Turkey, and Greece in the 5th century AD.


word: STYLOBATE
russian_word: стилобат
definition: a continuous base supporting a row of columns in classical Greek architecture.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪlə(ʊ)beɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪlə(ʊ)beɪt
origin:
late 17th century: via Latin from Greek stulobatēs, from stulos ‘pillar’ + batēs ‘base’ (from bainein ‘to walk’).


word: STYLOLITE
russian_word: стилолите
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek stulos ‘column’ + -lite.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪlə(ʊ)lʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪlə(ʊ)lʌɪt
definition:
an irregular surface or seam within a limestone or other sedimentary rock, characterized by irregular interlocking pegs and sockets around 1 cm in depth and a concentration of insoluble minerals.


word: STYLUS
russian_word: стилус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪləs
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪləs
definition:
a hard point, typically of diamond or sapphire, following a groove in a record and transmitting the recorded sound for reproduction.|an ancient writing implement, consisting of a small rod with a pointed end for scratching letters on wax-covered tablets, and a blunt end for obliterating them.

origin:
early 18th century (as a modern Latin term in botany: see style): erroneous spelling of Latin stilus .


word: STYMIE
russian_word: загнать в угол
example: the changes must not be allowed to stymie new medical treatments
definition: prevent or hinder the progress of.
antonyms: assist|help
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈstʌɪmi
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪmi
synonyms:
impede|interfere with|hamper|hinder|obstruct|inhibit|frustrate|thwart|foil|spoil|stall|shackle|fetter|stop|check|block|cripple|handicap|scotch|put paid to|put the kibosh on|snooker|scupper

origin:
mid 19th century (originally a golfing term, denoting a situation on the green where a ball obstructs the shot of another player): of unknown origin.


word: STYRENE
russian_word: стирол
origin: late 19th century: from styrax + -ene.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈstʌɪriːn
phonetics_text: ˈstʌɪriːn
definition:
an unsaturated liquid hydrocarbon obtained as a petroleum by-product. It is easily polymerized and is used to make plastics and resins.


word: SUASIBLE
russian_word: сговорчивый
definition: able to be easily persuaded.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsweɪsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsweɪsɪb(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from late Latin suasibilis, from Latin suas- participial stem of the verb suadere (see suasion).


word: SUAVE
russian_word: обходительный
example: all the waiters were suave and deferential
definition: charming, confident, and elegant (typically used of a man).
antonyms: unsophisticated|rude
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: swɑːv
phonetics_text: swɑːv
synonyms:
charming|sophisticated|debonair|urbane|worldly|worldly-wise|polished|refined|poised|self-possessed|dignified|civilized|gentlemanly|gallant|smooth|smooth-talking|smooth-tongued|silver-tongued|glib|bland|polite|well mannered|civil|courteous|affable|tactful|diplomatic|slick|cool|mannerly

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘gracious, agreeable’): from Old French, or from Latin suavis ‘agreeable’. The current sense dates from the mid 19th century.


word: SUAVITY
russian_word: учтивость
example: I need lessons in suavity
definition: the quality of being suave in manner.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈswɑːvɪti
phonetics_text: ˈswɑːvɪti
synonyms:
charm|sophistication|polish|urbanity|suaveness|worldliness|refinement|confidence|poise|aplomb|dignity|gentility|style|smoothness|politeness|courtesy|courteousness|civility|tact|tactfulness|diplomacy|subtlety|savoir faire|couth


word: SUB
russian_word: суб
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: sʌb
phonetics_text: sʌb
example:
the yachtsman claimed his boat had been sunk by a sub|the annual sub for the golf club will be £200|the team pulled back with a goal from sub Chris Malkin|the chief sub would be responsible for the look of the paper|‘I've got no money.’ ‘Want a sub?’

definition:
a submarine.|a subscription.|a substitute, especially in a sporting team.|a subeditor.|an advance or loan against expected income.


word: SUBAERIAL
russian_word: субаэральный
example: subaerial erosion
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈɛːrɪəl
phonetics_text: sʌbˈɛːrɪəl
definition:
existing, occurring, or formed in the open air or on the earth's surface, not under water or underground.


word: SUBALTERN
russian_word: младший офицер
definition: an officer in the British army below the rank of captain, especially a second lieutenant.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈsʌb(ə)lt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈsʌb(ə)lt(ə)n
origin:
late 16th century (as an adjective): from late Latin subalternus, from Latin sub- ‘next below’ + alternus ‘every other’.


word: SUBARACHNOID
russian_word: субарахноидальный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌsvbəˈraknɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˌsvbəˈraknɔɪd
definition:
denoting or occurring in the fluid-filled space around the brain between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater, through which major blood vessels pass.


word: SUBCARRIER
russian_word: поднесущая
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbkarɪə
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbkarɪə
definition:
a carrier wave modulated by a signal wave and then used with other subcarriers to modulate the main carrier wave.


word: SUBCLAVIAN
russian_word: подключичный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈkleɪvɪən
phonetics_text: sʌbˈkleɪvɪən
definition:
relating to or denoting an artery or vein which serves the neck and arm on the left or right side of the body.

origin:
mid 17th century: from modern Latin subclavius, from sub ‘under’ + clavis ‘key’ (see clavicle), + -ian.


word: SUBCLINICAL
russian_word: стертый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈklɪnɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: sʌbˈklɪnɪk(ə)l
definition:
relating to or denoting a disease which is not severe enough to present definite or readily observable symptoms.


word: SUBCOMMITTEE
russian_word: подкомитет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbkəmɪti
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbkəmɪti
definition:
a committee composed of some members of a larger committee, board, or other body and reporting to it.


word: SUBCONSCIOUS
russian_word: подсознание
example: my subconscious fear
antonyms: conscious|expressed
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: sʌbˈkɒn(t)ʃəs
phonetics_text: sʌbˈkɒn(t)ʃəs
definition:
of or concerning the part of the mind of which one is not fully aware but which influences one's actions and feelings.

synonyms:
unconscious|latent|suppressed|repressed|subliminal|unfulfilled|dormant|hidden|concealed|underlying|innermost|deep|intuitive|instinctive|innate|involuntary|bottled up


word: SUBCONTINENT
russian_word: субконтинент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌbˈkɒntɪnənt
phonetics_text: sʌbˈkɒntɪnənt
definition:
a large distinguishable part of a continent, such as North America or the part of Asia containing India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.


word: SUBCULTURE
russian_word: субкультура
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbkʌltʃə
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbkʌltʃə
example:
in what ways does the social environment predispose certain individuals to join delinquent subcultures?

definition:
a cultural group within a larger culture, often having beliefs or interests at variance with those of the larger culture.


word: SUBDUCTION
russian_word: субдукции
example: subduction zone
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: səbˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
definition:
the sideways and downward movement of the edge of a plate of the earth's crust into the mantle beneath another plate.

origin:
1970s: via French from Latin subductio(n- ), from subduct- ‘drawn from below’, from the verb subducere .


word: SUBDUE
russian_word: подчинять
example: she managed to subdue an instinct to applaud
definition: overcome, quieten, or bring under control (a feeling or person).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈdjuː
phonetics_text: səbˈdjuː
synonyms:
conquer|defeat|vanquish|get the better of|overpower|overcome|overwhelm|crush|quash|quell|beat|trounce|subjugate|master|suppress|gain the upper hand over|triumph over|tame|bring someone to their knees|hold in check|humble|chasten|cow|lick|thrash|wipe the floor with|clobber|demolish|hammer|make mincemeat of|walk all over|curb|restrain|hold back|constrain|contain|inhibit|repress|stifle|smother|check|keep in check|arrest|bridle|rein in|control|govern|moderate|tone down|diminish|lessen|damp|nip in the bud|keep a/the lid on

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French suduire, from Latin subducere, literally ‘draw from below’.


word: SUBDUED
russian_word: приглушенный
example: I felt strangely subdued as I drove home|a subdued glow came through the curtains
antonyms: lively|cheerful|loud|noisy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: səbˈdjuːd
phonetics_text: səbˈdjuːd
definition:
(of a person or their manner) quiet and rather reflective or depressed.|(of colour or lighting) soft and restrained.

synonyms:
sombre|low-spirited|downcast|sad|dejected|depressed|low|gloomy|despondent|dispirited|disheartened|forlorn|woebegone|restrained|repressed|inactive|spiritless|lifeless|dull|unresponsive|withdrawn|pensive|thoughtful|preoccupied|quiet|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|out of sorts|in the doldrums|with a long face|brassed off|cheesed off|browned off|teed off|ticked off|hushed|muted|soft|gentle|whispered|murmured|faint|muffled|indistinct|inaudible|noiseless|soundless|silent|still|calm


word: SUBDURAL
russian_word: субдуральная
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈdjʊər(ə)l
phonetics_text: sʌbˈdjʊər(ə)l
definition:
situated or occurring between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane of the brain and spinal cord.


word: SUBFRAME
russian_word: подкадр
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a supporting frame, especially one into which a window or door is set, or one to which the engine or suspension of a car without a true chassis is attached.


word: SUBJECT
russian_word: тема
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|adverb|verb
example:
I've said all there is to be said on the subject|maths is not my best subject|the legislation is applicable only to British subjects

definition:
a person or thing that is being discussed, described, or dealt with.|a branch of knowledge studied or taught in a school, college, or university.|a member of a state other than its ruler, especially one owing allegiance to a monarch or other supreme ruler.|a noun or noun phrase functioning as one of the main components of a clause, being the element about which the rest of the clause is predicated.|a thinking or feeling entity; the conscious mind; the ego, especially as opposed to anything external to the mind.

synonyms:
theme|subject matter|topic|issue|question|concern|text|thesis|content|point|motif|thread|substance|essence|gist|matter

phonetic:
Middle English (in the sense ‘(person) owing obedience’): from Old French suget, from Latin subjectus ‘brought under’, past participle of subicere, from sub- ‘under’ + jacere ‘throw’. Senses relating to philosophy, logic, and grammar are derived ultimately from Aristotle's use of to hupokeimenon meaning ‘material from which things are made’ and ‘subject of attributes and predicates’.


word: SUBJECTION
russian_word: подчинение
example: the country's subjection to European colonialism
definition: the action of subjecting a country or person to one's control, or the fact of being subjected.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: səbˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
subjugation|domination|oppression|control|mastery|repression|suppression|bondage|slavery|enslavement|persecution|exploitation|abuse


word: SUBJECTIVE
russian_word: субъективный
example: his views are highly subjective
antonyms: objective|impartial
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: səbˈdʒɛktɪv
phonetics_text: səbˈdʒɛktɪv
definition:
based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.|relating to or denoting a case of nouns and pronouns used for the subject of a sentence.

synonyms:
personal|personalized|individual|internal|emotional|instinctive|intuitive|impressionistic|biased|prejudiced|bigoted|idiosyncratic|irrational|gut|gut reaction

origin:
late Middle English (originally in the sense ‘characteristic of a political subject, submissive’): from Latin subjectivus, from subject- ‘brought under’ (see subject).


word: SUBJOIN
russian_word: приобщать
definition: add (comments or supplementary information) at the end of a speech or text.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈdʒɔɪn
phonetics_text: səbˈdʒɔɪn
origin:
late 16th century: from obsolete French subjoindre, from Latin subjungere, from sub- ‘in addition’ + jungere ‘to join’.


word: SUBJUGATE
russian_word: подчинять
example: the invaders had soon subjugated most of the population
definition: bring under domination or control, especially by conquest.
antonyms: liberate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈsʌbdʒʊɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbdʒʊɡeɪt
synonyms:
conquer|vanquish|defeat|crush|quell|quash|gain mastery over|gain ascendancy over|gain control of|bring under the yoke|bring to heel|bring someone to their knees|overcome|overpower|hegemonize|enslave|tyrannize|oppress|repress|subdue|colonize|suppress|tame|break|humble|lick|clobber|hammer|wipe the floor with|walk all over

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin subjugat- ‘brought under a yoke’, from the verb subjugare, based on jugum ‘yoke’.


word: SUBJUNCTIVE
russian_word: сослагательное наклонение
definition: relating to or denoting a mood of verbs expressing what is imagined or wished or possible.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: səbˈdʒʌŋ(k)tɪv
phonetics_text: səbˈdʒʌŋ(k)tɪv
origin:
mid 16th century: from French subjonctif, -ive or late Latin subjunctivus, from subjungere (see subjoin), rendering Greek hupotaktikos ‘subjoined’.


word: SUBLIMATE
russian_word: сублимировать
example: libido must be sublimated into productive work activities
synonyms: channel|control|divert|transfer|redirect|convert|refine|purify|transmute
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈsʌblɪmeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈsʌblɪmeɪt
definition:
(in psychoanalytic theory) divert or modify (an instinctual impulse) into a culturally higher or socially more acceptable activity.|another term for sublime.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘raise to a higher status’): from Latin sublimat- ‘raised up’, from the verb sublimare .


word: SUBLIME
russian_word: возвышенный
example: Mozart's sublime piano concertos|he had the sublime confidence of youth
definition: of very great excellence or beauty.|(of a person's attitude or behaviour) extreme or unparalleled.
antonyms: poor|lowly|ordinary
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: səˈblʌɪm
phonetics_text: səˈblʌɪm
synonyms:
exalted|elevated|noble|lofty|awe-inspiring|awesome|majestic|magnificent|imposing|glorious|supreme|grand|great|outstanding|excellent|first-rate|first-class|superb|perfect|ideal|wonderful|marvellous|splendid|delightful|blissful|rapturous|fantastic|fabulous|fab|super|terrific|stellar|heavenly|divine|mind-blowing|too good to be true|out of this world|smashing

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘dignified, aloof’): from Latin sublimis, from sub- ‘up to’ + a second element perhaps related to limen ‘threshold’, limus ‘oblique’.


word: SUBLIMINAL
russian_word: подсознательный
antonyms: explicit
synonyms: subconscious|unconscious|hidden|concealed
origin: late 19th century: from sub- ‘below’ + Latin limen, limin- ‘threshold’ + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: səˈblɪmɪn(ə)l
phonetics_text: səˈblɪmɪn(ə)l
definition:
(of a stimulus or mental process) below the threshold of sensation or consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.


word: SUBMARINE
russian_word: подводная лодка
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈsʌbməriːn
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbməriːn|sʌbməˈriːn
definition:
a warship with a streamlined hull designed to operate completely submerged in the sea for long periods, equipped with a periscope and typically armed with torpedoes or missiles.|a sandwich made of a long roll typically filled with meat, cheese, and vegetables such as lettuce, tomato, and onions.


word: SUBMISSION
russian_word: представление
example: they were forced into submission|reports should be prepared for submission at partners' meetings
antonyms: defiance
synonyms: yielding|capitulation|agreement|acceptance|consent|accession|compliance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈmɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: səbˈmɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of accepting or yielding to a superior force or to the will or authority of another person.|the action of presenting a proposal, application, or other document for consideration or judgement.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin submissio(n- ), from the verb submittere (see submit).


word: SUBMISSIVE
russian_word: покорный
example: a submissive, almost sheeplike people
definition: ready to conform to the authority or will of others; meekly obedient or passive.
antonyms: domineering|obstinate|intractable
origin: late 16th century: from submission, on the pattern of pairs such as remission, remissive .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: səbˈmɪsɪv
phonetics_text: səbˈmɪsɪv
synonyms:
compliant|yielding|malleable|acquiescent|accommodating|amenable|tractable|manageable|unassertive|non-resisting|passive|obedient|biddable|dutiful|duteous|docile|ductile|pliant|meek|timid|mild|patient|resigned|forbearing|subdued|humble|self-effacing|spiritless|deferential|obsequious|servile|slavish|self-abasing|spineless|grovelling|lamblike|supine|bootlicking|under someone's thumb|resistless|longanimous


word: SUBMISSIVENESS
russian_word: покорность
example: he didn't confuse respect with submissiveness
definition: the quality of being submissive.
antonyms: assertiveness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈmɪsɪvnɪs
phonetics_text: səbˈmɪsɪvnɪs
synonyms:
compliance|submission|subservience|yielding|acquiescence|deference|assent|meekness|obedience|dutifulness|duteousness|biddableness|malleability|tractableness|tractability|tameness|docility|passiveness|passivity|humility|resignation|forbearance|obsequiousness|sycophancy|servility|self-abasement|bootlicking


word: SUBMIT
russian_word: представлять
antonyms: defy|resist
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈmɪt
phonetics_text: səbˈmɪt
example:
the original settlers were forced to submit to Bulgarian rule|samples submitted to low pressure while being airfreighted|the panel's report was submitted to a parliamentary committee

definition:
accept or yield to a superior force or to the authority or will of another person.|subject to a particular process, treatment, or condition.|present (a proposal, application, or other document) to a person or body for consideration or judgement.

synonyms:
give in|yield|give way|back down|cave in|bow|capitulate|relent|defer|agree|consent|accede|conform|acquiesce|comply|accept|surrender|lay down one's arms|raise/show/wave the white flag|knuckle under|humble oneself|bend the knee|kowtow|fall|throw in the towel/sponge|be governed by|abide by|be regulated by|comply with|observe|heed|tolerate|endure|brook|put up with|stomach|adhere to|be subject to|agree to|consent to|conform to|keep in step|play by the rules|play it by the book|take it lying down|lump it|wear|suffer

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin submittere, from sub- ‘under’ + mittere ‘send, put’. submit (sense 3) ‘present for judgement’ dates from the mid 16th century.


word: SUBMITTER
russian_word: податель
example: submitters will be notified of the outcome by May
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈmɪtə
phonetics_text: səbˈmɪtə
definition:
a person who presents a proposal, application, or other document to a person or body for consideration or judgement.


word: SUBORBITAL
russian_word: суборбитальный
example: near the peak of the sub-orbital trajectory the booster fell away
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈɔːbɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: sʌbˈɔːbɪt(ə)l
definition:
situated below or behind the orbit of the eye.|relating to or denoting a trajectory that does not complete a full orbit of the earth or other celestial body.


word: SUBORDINATE
russian_word: подчиненный
example: his subordinate officers
definition: lower in rank or position.
antonyms: superior|senior
synonyms: lower-ranking|junior|lower|lesser|inferior|lowly|minor|supporting|second-fiddle
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin subordinatus ‘placed in an inferior rank’, from Latin sub- ‘below’ + ordinare ‘ordain’.


word: SUBORDINATION
russian_word: подчинение
example: the subordination of medicine to political expediency
definition: the action of subordinating or the state of being subordinate.
antonyms: superiority
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səˌbɔːdɪˈneɪʃn
phonetics_text: səˌbɔːdɪˈneɪʃn
synonyms:
inferiority|inferior status/position|secondary status/position|lowliness|subjection|subservience|submission|dependence|servitude


word: SUBPOENA
russian_word: повестка в суд
example: a subpoena may be issued to compel their attendance
definition: a writ ordering a person to attend a court.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: səˈpiːnə
phonetics_text: səˈpiːnə
origin:
late Middle English (as a noun): from Latin sub poena ‘under penalty’ (the first words of the writ). Use as a verb dates from the mid 17th century.


word: SUBROGATION
russian_word: суброгация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌbrəˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌsʌbrəˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the substitution of one person or group by another in respect of a debt or insurance claim, accompanied by the transfer of any associated rights and duties.

origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘substitution’): from late Latin subrogatio(n- ), from subrogare ‘choose as substitute’, from sub- ‘in place of another’ + rogare ‘ask’.


word: SUB ROSA
russian_word: конфиденциально
example: sub rosa inspections
definition: happening or done in secret.
antonyms: openly|publicly
origin: Latin, literally ‘under the rose’, as an emblem of secrecy.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: sʌb ˈrəʊzə
phonetics_text: sʌb ˈrəʊzə
synonyms:
in secret|secretly|in private|privately|in confidence|confidentially|behind closed doors|surreptitiously|discreetly|furtively|clandestinely|on the quiet|on the sly|unofficially|off the record|between ourselves|in camera|à huis clos|in petto|on the q.t.|between you|me|and the gatepost/bedpost|under the rose


word: SUBSCRIBE
russian_word: подписываться
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈskrʌɪb
phonetics_text: səbˈskrʌɪb
example:
subscribe to the magazine for twelve months and receive a free limited-edition T-shirt|we prefer to subscribe to an alternative explanation|he subscribed the will as a witness

definition:
arrange to receive something, typically a publication, regularly by paying in advance.|express or feel agreement with (an idea or proposal).|sign (a will, contract, or other document).

synonyms:
pay a subscription|buy regularly|take|take regularly|read|read regularly|contract to buy|be a member of|support

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘sign at the bottom of a document’): from Latin subscribere, from sub- ‘under’ + scribere ‘write’.


word: SUBSCRIBER
russian_word: абонент
example: I am a new subscriber to Saga magazine
definition: a person who receives a publication regularly by paying in advance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈskrʌɪbə
phonetics_text: səbˈskrʌɪbə
synonyms:
reader|regular reader|regular customer|follower|member|patron|supporter|backer|benefactor|sponsor|donor|contributor


word: SUBSCRIPT
russian_word: индекс
definition: (of a letter, figure, or symbol) written or printed below the line.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbskrɪpt
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbskrɪpt
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin subscript- ‘written below’, from the verb subscribere (see subscribe).


word: SUBSCRIPTION
russian_word: подписка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: səbˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n
example:
make sure you get a copy every month by taking out a subscription|he signed the letter and added a subscription

definition:
an arrangement to receive something, typically a publication, regularly by paying in advance.|a signature or short piece of writing at the end of a document.

synonyms:
donation|contribution|offering|gift|present|grant|bestowal|endowment|subsidy|benefaction|handout|alms|donative

origin:
late Middle English (in subscription (sense 2)): from Latin subscriptio(n- ), from subscribere ‘write below’ (see subscribe).


word: SUBSEA
russian_word: подводных
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbsiː
phonetics_text: sʌbsiː
definition:
(especially of processes or equipment used in the oil industry) situated or occurring beneath the surface of the sea.


word: SUBSEQUENT
russian_word: последующий
example: the theory was developed subsequent to the earthquake of 1906
definition: coming after something in time; following.
antonyms: previous|prior|former|prior to
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsʌbsɪkw(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsɪkw(ə)nt
synonyms:
following|ensuing|succeeding|successive|later|future|coming|upcoming|to come|next|after|in the wake of|at the close/end of|later than|posterior to

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin subsequent- ‘following after’ (from the verb subsequi ).


word: SUBSEQUENTLY
russian_word: впоследствии
example: the officer decided to stop and subsequently made an arrest
definition: after a particular thing has happened; afterwards.
antonyms: previously
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli
synonyms:
later|later on|at a later date|at a subsequent time|afterwards|in due course|following this/that|eventually|then|next|by and by|after a bit|thereafter|thereupon


word: SUBSERVIENT
russian_word: подчиненный
example: she was subservient to her parents
definition: prepared to obey others unquestioningly.
antonyms: domineering|independent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: səbˈsəːvɪənt
phonetics_text: səbˈsəːvɪənt
synonyms:
submissive|deferential|acquiescent|compliant|accommodating|obedient|dutiful|duteous|biddable|yielding|meek|docile|ductile|pliant|passive|unassertive|spiritless|subdued|humble|timid|mild|lamblike|servile|slavish|grovelling|truckling|self-effacing|self-abasing|downtrodden|snivelling|cowering|cringing|under someone's thumb|resistless|longanimous

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin subservient- ‘subjecting to, complying with’, from the verb subservire (see subserve).


word: SUBSIDE
russian_word: спадать
example: I'll wait a few minutes until the storm subsides|the floods subside almost as quickly as they arise
definition: become less intense, violent, or severe.|(of water) go down to a lower or the normal level.
antonyms: intensify|worsen
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈsʌɪd
phonetics_text: səbˈsʌɪd
synonyms:
abate|let up|moderate|calm|lull|slacken (off)|ease (up)|relent|die down|die out|peter out|taper off|recede|lessen|soften|alleviate|attenuate|remit|diminish|decline|dwindle|weaken|fade|wane|ebb|still|cease|come to a stop|come to an end|terminate|quieten down|quiet down

origin:
late 17th century: from Latin subsidere, from sub- ‘below’ + sidere ‘settle’ (related to sedere ‘sit’).


word: SUBSIDIARITY
russian_word: субсидиарности
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˌsɪdɪˈarɪti
phonetics_text: səbˌsɪdɪˈarɪti
example:
the Maastricht Treaty reasserts the rights of member nation states through the subsidiarity principle

definition:
(in politics) the principle that a central authority should have a subsidiary function, performing only those tasks which cannot be performed at a more local level.


word: SUBSIDIARY
russian_word: филиал
example: a subsidiary flue of the main chimney
definition: less important than but related or supplementary to something.
antonyms: central|principal|major
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: səbˈsɪdɪəri
phonetics_text: səbˈsɪdɪəri
synonyms:
subordinate|secondary|ancillary|auxiliary|lesser|minor|subservient|supplementary|supplemental|additional|extra|attendant|peripheral|second-fiddle|second-class|lower-level|lower-grade

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘serving to help or supplement’): from Latin subsidiarius, from subsidium ‘support, assistance’ (see subsidy).


word: SUBSIDIZE
russian_word: субсидировать
example: the mining industry continues to be subsidized
definition: support (an organization or activity) financially.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈsʌbsɪdʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsɪdʌɪz
synonyms:
give money to|pay a subsidy to|give a grant to|contribute to|make a contribution to|invest in|sponsor|fund|finance|provide finance/capital for|capitalize|underwrite|back|support|give support to|keep|help|aid|assist|shore up|prop up|buttress|pick up the tab for|foot the bill for|shell out for|fork out for|cough up for|chip in for|bankroll|pony up for


word: SUBSIDY
russian_word: субсидия
example: a farm subsidy
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French subsidie, from Latin subsidium ‘assistance’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbsɪdi
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsɪdi
definition:
a sum of money granted by the state or a public body to help an industry or business keep the price of a commodity or service low.|a parliamentary grant to the sovereign for state needs.


word: SUBSIST
russian_word: существовать
example: he subsisted on welfare and casual labour|the court may treat a contract as still subsisting
definition: maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.|remain in force or effect.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈsɪst
phonetics_text: səbˈsɪst
synonyms:
survive|live|stay alive|exist|eke out an existence|endure|support oneself|cope|manage|fare|get along|get by|get through|make (both) ends meet|make the grade|keep body and soul together|depend|rely for nourishment|feed|keep the wolf from the door|keep one's head above water|make out|hang on

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘continue to exist’): from Latin subsistere ‘stand firm’, from sub- ‘from below’ + sistere ‘set, stand’.


word: SUBSISTENCE
russian_word: существование
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈsɪst(ə)ns
phonetics_text: səbˈsɪst(ə)ns
example:
the minimum income needed for subsistence|rights of occupation normally only continue during the subsistence of the marriage

definition:
the action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself, especially at a minimal level.|the state of remaining in force or effect.

synonyms:
maintenance|keep|upkeep|support|livelihood|living|board|board and lodging|sustenance|nourishment|nutriment|provisions|supplies|food|food and drink|fare|bread|vivers|eats|nosh|chow|grub|scoff|bread and butter|comestibles|provender|meat|vittles|commons|victuals|viands|aliment


word: SUBSOILER
russian_word: Глубокорыхлитель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbsɔɪlə
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsɔɪlə
definition:
a kind of plough with no mouldboard, used to loosen the soil at some depth below the surface without turning it over.


word: SUBSONG
russian_word: подкомпозиции
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbsɒŋ
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsɒŋ
definition:
birdsong that is softer and less well defined than the usual territorial song, sometimes heard only at close quarters as a quiet warbling.


word: SUBSPACE
russian_word: подпространство
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbspɛɪs
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbspɛɪs
definition:
a space that is wholly contained in another space, or whose points or elements are all in another space.|(in science fiction) a hypothetical space–time continuum used for communication at a speed faster than that of light.


word: SUBSPECIES
russian_word: подвид
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbspiːʃiːz
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbspiːʃiːz|ˈsʌbspiːʃɪz|ˈsʌbspiːsiːz
definition:
a taxonomic category that ranks below species, usually a fairly permanent geographically isolated race. Subspecies are designated by a Latin trinomial, e.g. (in zoology) Ursus arctos horribilis or (in botany) Beta vulgaris crassa.


word: SUBSTAGE
russian_word: подъярус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbstɛɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbstɛɪdʒ
definition:
an apparatus fixed beneath the ordinary stage of a compound microscope to support mirrors and other accessories.


word: SUBSTANCE
russian_word: вещество
synonyms: material|matter|stuff|medium|fabric
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbst(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbst(ə)ns
example:
a steel tube coated with a waxy substance|proteins compose much of the actual substance of the body|he had yet to accomplish anything of substance

definition:
a particular kind of matter with uniform properties.|the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists and which has a tangible, solid presence.|the quality of being important, valid, or significant.|the essential nature underlying phenomena, which is subject to changes and accidents.

origin:
Middle English (denoting the essential nature of something): from Old French, from Latin substantia ‘being, essence’, from substant- ‘standing firm’, from the verb substare .


word: SUBSTANDARD
russian_word: нестандартный
example: substandard housing|substandard spellings
definition: below the usual or required standard.|another term for non-standard.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈstandəd
phonetics_text: sʌbˈstandəd
synonyms:
inferior|second-rate|low-quality|low-grade|poor|poor-quality|inadequate|imperfect|faulty|defective|jerry-built|shoddy|shabby|crude|unsound|unacceptable|unsatisfactory|unworthy|disappointing|below par|not up to scratch|not up to snuff|tenth-rate|crummy|lousy|duff|ropy|rubbish|farkakte|crap|crappy|chickenshit


word: SUBSTANTIAL
russian_word: существенный
antonyms: insubstantial|worthless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: səbˈstanʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: səbˈstanʃ(ə)l
example:
a substantial amount of cash|there was substantial agreement on changing policies|spirits are shadowy, human beings substantial

definition:
of considerable importance, size, or worth.|concerning the essentials of something.|real and tangible rather than imaginary.

synonyms:
considerable|real|material|weighty|solid|sizeable|meaningful|significant|important|notable|major|marked|valuable|useful|worthwhile|large|ample|appreciable|goodly|decent|tidy

origin:
Middle English: from Old French substantiel or Christian Latin substantialis, from substantia ‘being, essence’ (see substance).


word: SUBSTANTIALLY
russian_word: по существу
example: profits grew substantially|things will remain substantially the same over the next ten years
definition: to a great or significant extent.|for the most part; essentially.
antonyms: slightly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: səbˈstanʃ(ə)li
phonetics_text: səbˈstanʃ(ə)li
synonyms:
considerably|significantly|greatly|a great deal|to a great extent|to a large extent|to a marked extent|markedly|appreciably


word: SUBSTANTIATE
russian_word: обосновывать
example: they had found nothing to substantiate the allegations
definition: provide evidence to support or prove the truth of.
antonyms: disprove|refute
origin: mid 17th century: from medieval Latin substantiat- ‘given substance’, from the verb substantiare .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈstanʃɪeɪt
phonetics_text: səbˈstanʃɪeɪt
synonyms:
prove|give proof of|show to be true|give substance to|support|uphold|back up|bear out|justify|vindicate|validate|corroborate|verify|authenticate|confirm|endorse|give credence to|lend weight to|establish|demonstrate|vouch for|attest to|testify to|stand by|bear witness to


word: SUBSTANTIVE
russian_word: основной
example: there is no substantive evidence for the efficacy of these drugs
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbst(ə)ntɪv
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbst(ə)ntɪv
definition:
having a firm basis in reality and so important, meaningful, or considerable.|having a separate and independent existence.|(of law) defining rights and duties, as opposed to giving the procedural rules by which those rights and duties are enforced.|(of a dye) not needing a mordant.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘having an independent existence’): from Old French substantif, -ive or late Latin substantivus, from substantia ‘essence’ (see substance).


word: SUBSTANTIVELY
russian_word: по существу
definition: in a way that is important, meaningful, or considerable.|with regard to legal rights and duties.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: səbˈstantɪvli
phonetics_text: səbˈstantɪvli
example:
the parties differ substantively on many issues|the ruling was flawed procedurally and substantively


word: SUBSTATION
russian_word: подстанция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbsteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbsteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a set of equipment reducing the high voltage of electrical power transmission to that suitable for supply to consumers.|a subordinate station for the police or fire service.


word: SUBSTELLAR
russian_word: субзвездных
example: substellar objects known as brown dwarfs may make up this dark mass
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: sʌbˈstɛlə
phonetics_text: sʌbˈstɛlə
definition:
relating to or denoting a body much smaller than a typical star whose mass is not great enough to support main sequence hydrogen burning.


word: SUBSTITUENT
russian_word: заместитель
example: displacement of alkyl substituents
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈstɪtjʊənt
phonetics_text: səbˈstɪtjʊənt
definition:
an atom or group of atoms taking the place of another atom or group or occupying a specified position in a molecule.

origin:
late 19th century: from Latin substituent- ‘standing in place of’, from the verb substituere (see substitute).


word: SUBSTITUTE
russian_word: заменитель
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt
example:
soya milk is used as a substitute for dairy milk|Stewart was the Rovers substitute|a sheriff substitute

definition:
a person or thing acting or serving in place of another.|a sports player nominated as eligible to replace another after a match has begun.|a deputy.

synonyms:
replacement|deputy|relief|proxy|reserve|surrogate|cover|fill-in|stand-in|standby|locum|locum tenens|understudy|stopgap|alternative|ancillary|sub|pinch-hitter

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a deputy or delegate): from Latin substitutus ‘put in place of’, past participle of substituere, based on statuere ‘set up’.


word: SUBSTITUTED
russian_word: замещенный
example: a substituted version of the bill passed|a substituted terpenoid
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsʌbstɪtjuːtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbstɪtjuːtɪd
definition:
added to or taking the place of something else.|(of a compound) in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by other atoms or groups.


word: SUBSTITUTION
russian_word: замена
example: the substitution of rail services with buses
definition: the action of replacing someone or something with another person or thing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌbstɪˈtjuːʃn
phonetics_text: sʌbstɪˈtjuːʃn
synonyms:
exchange|change|interchange|replacement|replacing|swapping|switching|swap|switch|trade-off|barter|trade


word: SUBSTRATUM
russian_word: субстрат
example: the plant will grow very rapidly and send out runners above the substratum
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌbˈstrɑːtəm
phonetics_text: sʌbˈstrɑːtəm|sʌbˈstreɪtəm
definition:
an underlying layer or substance, in particular a layer of rock or soil beneath the surface of the ground.

origin:
mid 17th century: modern Latin, neuter past participle (used as a noun) of Latin substernere, from sub- ‘below’ + sternere ‘strew’. Compare with stratum.


word: SUBSUME
russian_word: подвести
example: most of these phenomena can be subsumed under two broad categories
definition: include or absorb (something) in something else.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈsjuːm
phonetics_text: səbˈsjuːm
origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘subjoin, add’): from medieval Latin subsumere, from sub- ‘from below’ + sumere ‘take’. The current sense dates from the early 19th century.


word: SUBTEND
russian_word: противолежать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: sʌbˈtɛnd
phonetics_text: sʌbˈtɛnd
example:
the angle subtended by a string of length r at the centre of the sphere|the main beauty is provided by the bracts which subtend the flowers

definition:
(of a line, arc, or figure) form (an angle) at a particular point when straight lines from its extremities are joined at that point.|(of a bract) extend under (a flower) so as to support or enfold it.

origin:
late 16th century (in subtend (sense 1)): from Latin subtendere, from sub- ‘under’ + tendere ‘stretch’. subtend (sense 2) dates from the late 19th century.


word: SUBTENSE
russian_word: хорда
definition: a subtending line, especially the chord of an arc.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈtɛns
phonetics_text: səbˈtɛns
origin:
early 17th century: from modern Latin subtensa (linea ), feminine past participle of subtendere (see subtend).


word: SUBTERFUGE
russian_word: отговорка
example: he had to use subterfuge and bluff on many occasions
definition: deceit used in order to achieve one's goal.
antonyms: honesty|openness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbtəfjuːdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbtəfjuːdʒ
synonyms:
trickery|intrigue|deviousness|evasion|deceit|deception|dishonesty|cheating|duplicity|guile|cunning|craft|craftiness|slyness|chicanery|bluff|pretence|fraud|fraudulence|sophistry|sharp practice|monkey business|funny business|hanky-panky|jiggery-pokery|kidology|every trick in the book|codology|trick|hoax|ruse|wile|ploy|stratagem|artifice|dodge|manoeuvre|machination|pretext|expedient|tactic|scheme|masquerade|blind|smokescreen|sleight|stunt|game|con|racket|scam|caper|wheeze|lurk|shift

origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from late Latin subterfugium, from Latin subterfugere ‘escape secretly’, from subter- ‘beneath’ + fugere ‘flee’.


word: SUBTHERAPEUTIC
russian_word: субтерапевтической
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌsʌbθɛrəˈpjuːtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌsʌbθɛrəˈpjuːtɪk
example:
it was a common practice to add subtherapeutic amounts of antibiotics to livestock feeds to improve productivity

definition:
(of a dose or concentration of a drug) lower than that usually prescribed to treat a disease effectively.


word: SUBTITLE
russian_word: подзаголовок
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsʌbtʌɪt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbtʌɪt(ə)l
example:
films in foreign languages with English subtitles|the book had now acquired its final title with a qualifying subtitle

definition:
captions displayed at the bottom of a cinema or television screen that translate or transcribe the dialogue or narrative.|a subordinate title of a published work or article giving additional information about its content.


word: SUBTLE
russian_word: тонкий
antonyms: crude
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsʌt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsʌt(ə)l
example:
his language expresses rich and subtle meanings|he tried a more subtle approach|the subtle fiend dissembled

definition:
(especially of a change or distinction) so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyse or describe.|making use of clever and indirect methods to achieve something.|crafty; cunning.

synonyms:
fine|fine-drawn|ultra-fine|nice|overnice|minute|precise|narrow|tenuous|hair-splitting|indistinct|indefinite|elusive|abstruse|minuscule

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘not easily understood’): from Old French sotil, from Latin subtilis .


word: SUBTLETY
russian_word: тонкость
example: the textural subtlety of Degas
definition: the quality or state of being subtle.
antonyms: slow-wittedness|dullness|crudeness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌt(ə)lti
phonetics_text: ˈsʌt(ə)lti
synonyms:
delicacy|delicateness|subtleness|elusiveness|faintness|understatedness|understatement|mutedness|softness|astuteness|keenness|acuteness|fineness|sharpness|razor-sharpness|sharp-wittedness|canniness|shrewdness|perceptiveness|perception|discernment|sensitivity|discrimination|penetration|percipience|perspicacity|perspicuity|acuity|sagacity|wisdom|cleverness|intelligence|skilfulness|skill|artfulness|dexterity|brightness|finesse|savvy|sapience|ingenuity|expertise|adroitness|complexity|intricacy|cunning|guile|craftiness|wiliness|deviousness

origin:
Middle English: from Old French soutilte, from Latin subtilitas, from subtilis ‘fine, delicate’ (see subtle).


word: SUBTLY
russian_word: тонко
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈsʌtli
phonetics_text: ˈsʌtli
example:
the script subtly shifts in tone from comedy to tragedy|he would prattle on about something else for a while before subtly raising the question again

definition:
in a manner that is so delicate or precise as to be difficult to analyse or describe.|in a clever and indirect way, in order to achieve something.


word: SUBTOPIA
russian_word: обывательщина
definition: unsightly, sprawling suburban development.
origin: 1950s: blend of suburb and utopia.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌbˈtəʊpɪə
phonetics_text: sʌbˈtəʊpɪə
example:
I shall doubtless feel no more alien than anybody else in the prevailing subtopia because nobody will be working out of doors


word: SUBTRAHEND
russian_word: вычитаемое
definition: a quantity or number to be subtracted from another.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbtrəˌhɛnd
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbtrəˌhɛnd
origin:
late 17th century: from Latin subtrahendus ‘to be taken away’, gerundive of subtrahere (see subtract).


word: SUBURB
russian_word: пригород
example: a highly respectable suburb of Chicago
definition: an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌbəːb
phonetics_text: ˈsʌbəːb
synonyms:
outlying district|residential area|dormitory area/town|commuter belt|conurbation|suburbia|fringes|outskirts|purlieus|garden suburb|bedroom area|boomburb|faubourg|banlieue|barrio|exurb

origin:
Middle English: from Old French suburbe or Latin suburbium, from sub- ‘near to’ + urbs, urb- ‘city’.


word: SUBVENTION
russian_word: субвенция
example: Ottawa has begun to cut federal subventions to the provinces
definition: a grant of money, especially from a government.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: səbˈvɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: səbˈvɛnʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘provision of help’): from Old French, from late Latin subventio(n- ), from Latin subvenire ‘assist’, from sub- ‘from below’ + venire ‘come’.


word: SUBVERSIVE
russian_word: подрывной
example: subversive literature
definition: seeking or intended to subvert an established system or institution.
origin: mid 17th century: from medieval Latin subversivus, from the verb subvertere (see subvert).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: səbˈvəːsɪv
phonetics_text: səbˈvəːsɪv
synonyms:
disruptive|troublemaking|inflammatory|insurgent|insurrectionary|insurrectionist|agitational|rabble-rousing|seditious|revolutionary|treasonous|treacherous|mutinous|rebellious|rebel|renegade|unpatriotic|dissident|disloyal|perfidious|insubordinate|underground|undermining|corrupting|discrediting|destructive|harmful


word: SUBVERT
russian_word: ниспровергать
definition: undermine the power and authority of (an established system or institution).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: səbˈvəːt
phonetics_text: səbˈvəːt
synonyms:
destabilize|unsettle|overthrow|overturn|bring down|bring about the downfall of|topple|depose|oust|supplant|unseat|dethrone|disestablish|dissolve|disrupt|wreak havoc on|sabotage|ruin|upset|destroy|annihilate|demolish|wreck|undo|undermine|undercut|weaken|impair|damage|corrupt|pervert|warp|deprave|defile|debase|distort|contaminate|poison|embitter|vitiate

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French subvertir or Latin subvertere, from sub- ‘from below’ + vertere ‘to turn’.


