# Dictionary_data_final

word: CONTEMN
russian_word: презирать
example: it lay in Deronda's nature usually to contemn the feeble
definition: treat or regard with contempt.
antonyms: value
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈtɛm
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛm
synonyms:
despise|scorn|treat with contempt|feel contempt for|look down on|disdain|slight|undervalue|disregard|deride|scoff/jeer at|mock|revile|spurn

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin contemnere, from con- (expressing intensive force) + temnere ‘despise’.


word: CONTEMPLATE
russian_word: созерцать
example: he contemplated his image in the mirrors
definition: look thoughtfully for a long time at.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkɒntɛmpleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntɛmpleɪt|ˈkɒntəmpleɪt
synonyms:
look at|view|regard|examine|inspect|observe|survey|study|scrutinize|scan|stare at|gaze at|eye|take a good look at|behold

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin contemplat- ‘surveyed, observed, contemplated’, from the verb contemplari, based on templum ‘place for observation’.


word: CONTEMPLATION
russian_word: созерцание
example: the road is too busy for leisurely contemplation of the scenery
definition: the action of looking thoughtfully at something for a long time.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒntɛmˈpleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌkɒntɛmˈpleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
viewing|regarding|examination|inspection|observation|survey|study|scrutiny|scanning|staring at|gazing at|eyeing

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, from Latin contemplatio(n- ), from the verb contemplari (see contemplate).


word: CONTEMPLATIVE
russian_word: созерцательный
example: she regarded me with a contemplative eye
definition: expressing or involving prolonged thought.
antonyms: active
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛmplətɪv
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛmplətɪv
synonyms:
thoughtful|pensive|reflective|meditative|musing|ruminative|introspective|brooding|intent|rapt|preoccupied|studious|deep/lost in thought|dreamy|daydreaming|with one's head in the clouds|in a brown study


word: CONTEMPORARY
russian_word: современный
definition: living or occurring at the same time.|belonging to or occurring in the present.
antonyms: old-fashioned|out of date
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛmp(ə)r(ər)i
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛmp(ə)r(ər)i
example:
the event was recorded by a contemporary historian|the tension and complexities of our contemporary society

synonyms:
modern|present-day|present|current|present-time|immediate|extant|up to date|up to the minute|fashionable|latest|recent|ultra-modern|newfangled|modish|voguish|in vogue|à la mode|bang up to date|with it

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin contemporarius, from con- ‘together with’ + tempus, tempor- ‘time’ (on the pattern of Latin contemporaneus and late Latin contemporalis ).


word: CONTEMPT
russian_word: презрение
example: Pam stared at the girl with total contempt
definition: the feeling that a person or a thing is worthless or beneath consideration.
antonyms: respect
origin: late Middle English: from Latin contemptus, from contemnere (see contemn).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛm(p)t
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛm(p)t
synonyms:
scorn|disdain|disrespect|deprecation|disparagement|denigration|opprobrium|odium|obloquy|scornfulness|derision|mockery|ridicule|disgust|loathing|detestation|abhorrence|hatred|contumely


word: CONTEMPTIBLE
russian_word: презренный
example: a display of contemptible cowardice
definition: deserving contempt; despicable.
antonyms: admirable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɛm(p)tɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛm(p)tɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
despicable|detestable|hateful|reprehensible|deplorable|loathsome|odious|revolting|execrable|unspeakable|heinous|shocking|offensive|disgraceful|shameful|ignominious|abject|low|mean|cowardly|unworthy|discreditable|pitiful|pitiable|petty|worthless|shabby|cheap|beyond contempt|beyond the pale|sordid|degenerate|base|vile|villainous|scurvy

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin contemptibilis, from Latin contemnere (see contemn).


word: CONTEMPTUOUS
russian_word: презрительный
example: she was intolerant and contemptuous of the majority of the human race
definition: showing contempt; scornful.
antonyms: respectful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɛm(p)tʃʊəs
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛm(p)tʃʊəs
synonyms:
scornful|disdainful|disrespectful|insulting|insolent|full of contempt|derisory|derisive|mocking|sneering|jeering|scoffing|taunting|withering|scathing|snide|condescending|supercilious|arrogant|cavalier|high and mighty|imperious|proud|vain|sniffy|snotty|on one's high horse|contumelious

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘despising law and order’): from medieval Latin contemptuosus, from Latin contemptus ‘contempt’, from contemnere (see contemn).


word: CONTEND
russian_word: бороться
example: she had to contend with his uncertain temper|he contends that the judge was wrong
definition: struggle to surmount (a difficulty).|assert something as a position in an argument.
synonyms: cope with|face|grapple with|deal with|take on|pit oneself against|resist|withstand
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈtɛnd
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛnd
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘compete for (something)’): from Old French contendre or Latin contendere, from con- ‘with’ + tendere ‘stretch, strive’.


word: CONTENT
russian_word: содержание
example: he seemed more content, less bitter
definition: in a state of peaceful happiness.
antonyms: discontented|dissatisfied
part_of_speech: adjective|verb|noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛnt
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛnt
synonyms:
contented|satisfied|pleased|gratified|fulfilled|happy|cheerful|cheery|glad|delighted|tranquil|unworried|untroubled|at ease|at peace|comfortable|serene|placid|complacent

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin contentus ‘satisfied’, past participle of continere (see contain).


word: CONTENTION
russian_word: утверждение
definition: heated disagreement.|an assertion, especially one maintained in argument.
antonyms: agreement
origin: late Middle English: from Latin contentio(n- ), from contendere ‘strive with’ (see contend).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
example:
the captured territory was the main area of contention between the two countries|Freud's contention that all dreams were wish fulfilment

synonyms:
disagreement|dispute|disputation|argument|variance|discord|hostility|conflict|friction|acrimony|enmity|strife|dissension|disharmony|quarrelling|feuding


word: CONTENTIOUS
russian_word: спорный
example: a contentious issue
definition: causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial.
antonyms: uncontroversial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɛnʃəs
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛnʃəs
synonyms:
controversial|disputable|debatable|disputed|contended|open to question/debate|moot|vexed|ambivalent|equivocal|unsure|uncertain|unresolved|undecided|unsettled|borderline|controvertible

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French contentieux, from Latin contentiosus, from content- ‘striven’, from the verb contendere .


word: CONTENTMENT
russian_word: довольство
example: he found contentment in living a simple life in the country
definition: a state of happiness and satisfaction.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛntm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛntm(ə)nt
synonyms:
contentedness|content|satisfaction|fulfilment|happiness|pleasure|cheerfulness|gladness|gratification|ease|comfort|restfulness|well-being|peace|equanimity|serenity|tranquillity|placidity|placidness|repletion|complacency|self-content

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the payment of a claim): from French contentement, from Latin contentus (see content1).


word: CONTEST
russian_word: конкурс
example: a tennis contest
definition: an event in which people compete for supremacy in a sport or other activity, or in a quality.
synonyms: competition|match|tournament|game|meet|event|trial|bout|heat|fixture|tie|race
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic:
late 16th century (as a verb in the sense ‘swear to, attest’): from Latin contestari ‘call upon to witness, initiate (by calling witnesses)’, from con- ‘together’ + testare ‘to witness’. The senses ‘wrangle, struggle for’ arose in the early 17th century, whence the current noun and verb senses.


word: CONTESTANT
russian_word: соперник
example: an anxious contestant on a television quiz show
definition: a person who takes part in a contest or competition.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɛst(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kənˈtɛst(ə)nt
synonyms:
competitor|participant|player|contender|candidate|aspirant|entrant|rival|opponent|adversary|antagonist

origin:
mid 17th century: from French, present participle of contester, from Latin contestari ‘call upon to witness’ (see contest).


word: CONTEXT
russian_word: контекст
example: the proposals need to be considered in the context of new European directives
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntɛkst
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntɛkst
definition:
the circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, or idea, and in terms of which it can be fully understood.

synonyms:
circumstances|conditions|surroundings|factors|state of affairs|situation|environment|milieu|setting|background|backdrop|scene|climate|atmosphere|ambience|mood|feel|frame of reference|contextual relationship|text|subject|theme|topic

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the construction of a text): from Latin contextus, from con- ‘together’ + texere ‘to weave’.


word: CONTIGUOUS
russian_word: смежный
example: the Southern Ocean is contiguous with the Atlantic
definition: sharing a common border; touching.
antonyms: distant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɪɡjʊəs
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪɡjʊəs
synonyms:
adjacent|neighbouring|adjoining|bordering|next-door|abutting|joining|connecting|meeting|touching|in contact|proximate|near|nearby|close|conterminous|vicinal

origin:
early 16th century: from Latin contiguus ‘touching’, from the verb contingere ‘be in contact, befall’ (see contingent), + -ous.


word: CONTINENT
russian_word: континент
antonyms: island
synonyms: mainland
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntɪnənt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntɪnənt
definition:
any of the world's main continuous expanses of land (Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America, Australia, Antarctica).

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a continuous tract of land): from Latin terra continens ‘continuous land’.


word: CONTINGENCY
russian_word: случайность
example: a detailed contract which attempts to provide for all possible contingencies
definition: a future event or circumstance which is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɪndʒ(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪndʒ(ə)nsi
synonyms:
eventuality|(chance) event|incident|happening|occurrence|juncture|possibility|accident|chance|emergency|uncertainty|fortuity

origin:
mid 16th century (in the philosophical sense): from late Latin contingentia (in its medieval Latin sense ‘circumstance’), from contingere ‘befall’ (see contingent).


word: CONTINGENT
russian_word: контингент
example: the contingent nature of the job|his fees were contingent on the success of his search
antonyms: predictable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kənˈtɪndʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪndʒ(ə)nt
definition:
subject to chance.|occurring or existing only if (certain circumstances) are the case; dependent on.

synonyms:
chance|accidental|fortuitous|possible|unforeseen|unforeseeable|unexpected|unpredicted|unpredictable|unanticipated|unlooked-for|random|haphazard

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘of uncertain occurrence’): from Latin contingere ‘befall’, from con- ‘together with’ + tangere ‘to touch’. The noun sense was originally ‘something happening by chance’, then ‘a person's share resulting from a division, a quota’; the current sense dates from the early 18th century.


word: CONTINUAL
russian_word: постоянный
example: his plane went down after continual attacks
definition: forming a sequence in which the same action or event is repeated frequently.
antonyms: occasional|sporadic
synonyms: repeated|frequent|recurrent|recurring|oft repeated|regular|constant|persistent|non-stop
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjʊəl
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjʊəl
origin:
Middle English: from Old French continuel, from continuer ‘continue’, from Latin continuare, from continuus (see continuous).


word: CONTINUALLY
russian_word: беспрестанно
example: this information is continually updated|I was continually moving around
definition: repeated frequently in the same way; regularly.|without interruption; constantly.
antonyms: occasionally|sporadically
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjʊəli
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjʊəli
synonyms:
frequently|regularly|repeatedly|recurrently|again and again|time and (time) again|constantly|continuously|round the clock|day and night|night and day|morning|noon|and night|without a break|non-stop|all the time|the entire time|always|forever|at every turn|incessantly|ceaselessly|endlessly|perpetually|eternally|24/7


word: CONTINUANCE
russian_word: продолжение
definition: the state of remaining in existence or operation.|a postponement or an adjournment.
synonyms: continuation|carrying on|prolongation|protraction|maintenance|preservation|keeping up|perpetuation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjʊəns
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjʊəns
example:
his interests encouraged him to favour the continuance of war|scheduling trial dates and refusing to grant continuances are part of a judge's prerogative

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from continuer ‘continue’, from Latin continuare, from continuus (see continuous).


word: CONTINUANT
russian_word: фрикативный согласный
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjʊənt
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjʊənt
definition:
a consonant which is sounded with the vocal tract only partly closed, allowing the breath to pass through and the sound to be prolonged (as with f, l, m, n, r, s, v ).|a thing that retains its identity even though its states and relations may change.

origin:
early 17th century (as an adjective in the general sense ‘continuing’): from French, from continuer, reinforced by Latin continuant- ‘continuing’, from the verb continuare, from continuus (see continuous). Current senses date from the 19th century.


word: CONTINUATION
russian_word: продолжение
example: the continuation of discussions about a permanent peace
definition: the action of carrying something on over time or the state of being carried on.
antonyms: end|cessation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəntɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kəntɪnjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
carrying on|continuance|prolongation|protraction|maintenance|preservation|keeping up|perpetuation|resumption|reopening|restart|renewal|recommencement

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin continuatio(n- ), from continuare ‘continue’, from continuus (see continuous).


word: CONTINUE
russian_word: продолжать
example: he was unable to continue with his job|we continue the story from the point reached in Chapter 1
definition: persist in an activity or process.|recommence or resume after interruption.
antonyms: stop|discontinue|abandon
origin: Middle English: from Old French continuer, from Latin continuare, from continuus (see continuous).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjuː
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjuː
synonyms:
carry on with|go on with|keep on with|proceed with|pursue|persist in/with|press on with|persevere in/with|keep up|keep at|push on with|not stop|not give up|stay with|stick with/at|soldier on with|stick to one's guns


word: CONTINUING
russian_word: продолжающийся
example: a continuing controversy
definition: without a break in continuity; ongoing.
antonyms: sporadic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjuːɪŋ
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjuːɪŋ
synonyms:
ongoing|continuous|sustained|persistent|steady|relentless|uninterrupted|unabating|unremitting|unrelieved|unrelenting|unceasing


word: CONTINUITY
russian_word: непрерывность
example: a consensus favouring continuity of policy|a continuity error
antonyms: discontinuity
synonyms: continuousness|uninterruptedness|flow|progression
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒntɪˈnjuːɪti
phonetics_text: ˌkɒntɪˈnjuːɪti
definition:
the unbroken and consistent existence or operation of something over time.|the maintenance of continuous action and self-consistent detail in the various scenes of a film or broadcast.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French continuite, from Latin continuitas, from continuare ‘continue’, from continuus (see continuous).


word: CONTINUO
russian_word: континуо
example: the piece is scored for flute, violin, viola da gamba, and continuo
origin: early 18th century: Italian basso continuo ‘continuous bass’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjʊəʊ
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjʊəʊ
definition:
(in baroque music) an accompanying part that includes a bassline and harmonies, typically played on a keyboard instrument and with other instruments such as cello or lute.


word: CONTINUOUS
russian_word: непрерывный
example: the whole performance is enacted in one continuous movement
antonyms: intermittent|sporadic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtɪnjʊəs
phonetics_text: kənˈtɪnjʊəs
definition:
forming an unbroken whole; without interruption.|another term for progressive (sense 3 of the adjective).

synonyms:
continual|uninterrupted|unbroken|constant|ceaseless|incessant|steady|sustained|solid|continuing|ongoing|unceasing|without a break|permanent|non-stop|round-the-clock|always-on|persistent|unremitting|relentless|unrelenting|unabating|unrelieved|without respite|endless|unending|never-ending|perpetual|without end|everlasting|eternal|interminable|consecutive|running|with no let-up|without surcease

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin continuus ‘uninterrupted’, from continere ‘hang together’ (from con- ‘together with’ + tenere ‘hold’) + -ous.


word: CONTORT
russian_word: искажать
example: a spasm of pain contorted his face
definition: twist or bend out of the normal shape.
synonyms: twist|screw up|distort|quirk|wrench/bend out of shape|misshape|warp|buckle|deform|pretzel
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈtɔːt
phonetics_text: kənˈtɔːt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin contort- ‘twisted round, brandished’, from the verb contorquere, from con- ‘together’ + torquere ‘twist’.


word: CONTOUR
russian_word: контур
example: she traced the contours of his face with her finger
synonyms: outline|shape|form|lines|curves|figure|silhouette|profile|lineation
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɒntʊə
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntʊə
definition:
an outline representing or bounding the shape or form of something.|a way in which something varies, especially the pitch of music or the pattern of tones in an utterance.

origin:
mid 17th century: from French, from Italian contorno, from contornare ‘draw in outline’, from con- ‘together’ + tornare ‘to turn’.


word: CONTRABAND
russian_word: контрабанда
example: customs men had searched the carriages for contraband
definition: goods that have been imported or exported illegally.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒntrəband
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntrəband
origin:
late 16th century: from Spanish contrabanda, from Italian contrabando, from contra- ‘against’ + bando ‘proclamation, ban’.


word: CONTRABASS
russian_word: контрабас
definition: another term for double bass.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒntrəbeɪs
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntrəbeɪs
origin:
late 18th century: from Italian contrabasso, from contra- ‘pitched an octave below’ + basso (see bass1).


word: CONTRACT
russian_word: контракт
example: he has just signed a contract keeping him with the club
part_of_speech: noun|verb
definition:
a written or spoken agreement, especially one concerning employment, sales, or tenancy, that is intended to be enforceable by law.

synonyms:
agreement|commitment|arrangement|settlement|undertaking|understanding|compact|covenant|pact|bond|deal|bargain|treaty|concordat|convention|entente|account|indenture|engagement

phonetic:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin contractus, from contract- ‘drawn together, tightened’, from the verb contrahere, from con- ‘together’ + trahere ‘draw’.


word: CONTRACTION
russian_word: сокращение
example: the general contraction of the industry did further damage to morale
definition: the process of becoming smaller.
antonyms: expansion|growth
synonyms: shrinking|reduction in size|shrinkage|decline|decrease|diminution|dwindling|downtick
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtrakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈtrakʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin contractio(n- ), from contrahere ‘draw together’ (see contract).


word: CONTRACTURE
russian_word: контрактура
example: contracture of the hip in cerebral palsy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtraktʃə
phonetics_text: kənˈtraktʃə
definition:
a condition of shortening and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue, often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints.

origin:
mid 17th century: from French, or from Latin contractura, from Latin contract- ‘drawn together’, from the verb contrahere .


word: CONTRADICT
russian_word: противоречить
example: the survey appears to contradict the industry's claims
definition: deny the truth of (a statement) by asserting the opposite.
antonyms: confirm|verify|agree with
synonyms: deny|refute|rebut|dispute|counter|say the opposite of|gainsay|controvert|confute|negative
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kɒntrəˈdɪkt
phonetics_text: kɒntrəˈdɪkt
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin contradict- ‘spoken against’, from the verb contradicere, originally contra dicere ‘speak against’.


word: CONTRADICTION
russian_word: противоречие
example: the proposed new system suffers from a set of internal contradictions
definition: a combination of statements, ideas, or features which are opposed to one another.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒntrəˈdɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kɒntrəˈdɪkʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin contradictio(n- ), from the verb contradicere (see contradict).


word: CONTRADICTORY
russian_word: противоречивый
example: the two studies came to contradictory conclusions
definition: mutually opposed or inconsistent.
antonyms: consistent|compatible
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kɒntrəˈdɪkt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: kɒntrəˈdɪkt(ə)ri
synonyms:
opposed|in opposition|opposite|antithetical|contrary|contrasting|conflicting|at variance|at odds|opposing|clashing|divergent|discrepant|different|inconsistent|incompatible|irreconcilable|incongruous|paradoxical|backasswards|oppugnant|repugnant

origin:
late Middle English (as a term in logic): from late Latin contradictorius, from Latin contradict- ‘spoken against’, from the verb contradicere (see contradict).


word: CONTRAFLOW
russian_word: встречный поток движения по той же полосе
example: a series of contraflow systems to allow resurfacing work to be carried out
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntrəfləʊ
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntrəfləʊ
definition:
a temporary arrangement where traffic on a road is transferred from its usual side to share the other half of the carriageway with traffic moving in the opposite direction.


word: CONTRAIL
russian_word: след инверсии самолета
origin: 1940s: abbreviation of condensation trail .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntreɪl
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntreɪl
definition:
a trail of condensed water from an aircraft or rocket at high altitude, seen as a white streak against the sky; a vapour trail.


word: CONTRAINDICATE
russian_word: служить противопоказанием
example: surgery may also be contraindicated for more general reasons of increased operative risk
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kɒntrəˈɪndɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: kɒntrəˈɪndɪkeɪt
definition:
(of a condition or circumstance) suggest or indicate that (a particular technique or drug) should not be used in the case in question.


word: CONTRALATERAL
russian_word: противоположный
example: the symptom develops in the hand contralateral to the lesion
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌkɒntrəˈlat(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌkɒntrəˈlat(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs.


word: CONTRAPTION
russian_word: штуковина
example: repairing stereos and making contraptions out of spare electronic bits
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtrapʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈtrapʃ(ə)n
definition:
a machine or device that appears strange or unnecessarily complicated, and often badly made or unsafe.

synonyms:
device|gadget|apparatus|machine|appliance|mechanism|implement|utensil|invention|contrivance|Heath Robinson device|Rube Goldberg device|gizmo|widget|thingamajig|thingamabob|whatsit|doodah|doobry|gubbins|dingus|doodad|doojigger|doohickey|bitzer|thingo

origin:
early 19th century: perhaps from contrive (on the pattern of pairs such as conceive, conception ), by association with trap1.


word: CONTRARY
russian_word: вопреки
antonyms: compatible|same
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French contrarie, from Latin contrarius, from contra ‘against’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntrəri
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntrəri
example:
he ignored contrary advice and agreed on the deal|she is sulky and contrary where her work is concerned

definition:
opposite in nature, direction, or meaning.|perversely inclined to disagree or to do the opposite of what is expected or desired.

synonyms:
opposite|opposing|opposed|contradictory|clashing|conflicting|antithetical|incompatible|irreconcilable|different|differing|contrasting|inconsistent|incongruous|reverse|counter|backasswards|oppugnant|antipathic


word: CONTRAST
russian_word: контрастировать
example: the day began cold and blustery, in contrast to almost two weeks of uninterrupted sunshine
definition: the state of being strikingly different from something else in juxtaposition or close association.
antonyms: similarity|resemblance
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
difference|dissimilarity|disparity|dissimilitude|distinction|contradistinction|divergence|variance|variation|differentiation|contradiction|incongruity|opposition|polarity|unlikeness

phonetic:
late 17th century (as a term in fine art, in the sense ‘juxtapose so as to bring out differences in form and colour’): from French contraste (noun), contraster (verb), via Italian from medieval Latin contrastare, from Latin contra- ‘against’ + stare ‘stand’.


word: CONTRAVENE
russian_word: противоречить
example: he contravened the Official Secrets Act
definition: offend against the prohibition or order of (a law, treaty, or code of conduct).
antonyms: uphold|comply with
origin: mid 16th century: from late Latin contravenire, from Latin contra- ‘against’ + venire ‘come’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌkɒntrəˈviːn
phonetics_text: ˌkɒntrəˈviːn
synonyms:
break|breach|fail to comply with|fail to observe|violate|infringe|offend against|transgress against|defy|disobey|flout|infract


word: CONTRAVENTION
russian_word: нарушение
example: the publishing of misleading advertisements was a contravention of the Act
definition: an action which offends against a law, treaty, or other ruling.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒntrəˈvɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kɒntrəˈvɛnʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
breach|violation|infringement|non-observance|breaking|transgression|neglect|dereliction|failure to observe|non-compliance with|departure from|infraction|delict

origin:
mid 16th century: via French from medieval Latin contraventio(n- ), from late Latin contravenire (see contravene).


word: CONTRETEMPS
russian_word: неприятность
example: she had occasional contretemps with her staff
definition: a minor dispute or disagreement.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntrətɒ̃
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntrətɒ̃
synonyms:
argument|quarrel|squabble|altercation|clash|fight|disagreement|difference of opinion|dispute|dissension|tiff|set-to|run-in|spat|row|barney|afters|rammy

origin:
late 17th century (originally as a fencing term, denoting a thrust made at an inopportune moment): French, originally ‘motion out of time’, from contre- ‘against’ + temps ‘time’.


word: CONTRIBUTE
russian_word: способствовать
example: taxpayers had contributed £141.8 million towards the cost of local services
definition: give (something, especially money) in order to help achieve or provide something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈtrɪbjuːt
phonetics_text: kənˈtrɪbjuːt|ˈkɒntrɪbjuːt
synonyms:
give|donate|give/make a donation of|put up|come up with|subscribe|hand out|grant|bestow|present|gift|accord|provide|supply|furnish|chip in|pitch in|fork out|dish out|shell out|cough up|stump up|kick in|ante up|pony up|impart|lend|add|confer

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin contribut- ‘brought together, added’, from the verb contribuere, from con- ‘with’ + tribuere ‘bestow’.


word: CONTRIBUTION
russian_word: вклад
example: the agency is mainly financed from voluntary contributions
definition: a gift or payment to a common fund or collection.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒntrɪˈbjuːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kɒntrɪˈbjuːʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
donation|gift|benefaction|offering|present|handout|subscription|grant|subsidy|allowance|bequest|endowment|alms|donative

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a tax or levy): from late Latin contributio(n- ), from Latin contribuere ‘bring together, add’ (see contribute).


word: CONTRITE
russian_word: кающийся
example: a contrite tone
definition: feeling or expressing remorse at the recognition that one has done wrong.
antonyms: unrepentant|defiant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈtrʌɪt
phonetics_text: kənˈtrʌɪt|ˈkɒntrʌɪt
synonyms:
remorseful|repentant|penitent|regretful|full of regret|sorry|apologetic|self-reproachful|rueful|sheepish|hangdog|ashamed|chastened|shamefaced|conscience-stricken|guilt-ridden|in sackcloth and ashes|compunctious

origin:
Middle English: from Old French contrit, from Latin contritus, past participle of conterere ‘grind down, wear away’, from con- ‘together’ + terere ‘rub’.


word: CONTRITION
russian_word: раскаяние
example: to show contrition for his crime he offered to do community service
definition: the state of feeling remorseful and penitent.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtrɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈtrɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
remorse|remorsefulness|repentance|penitence|sorrow|sorrowfulness|regret|contriteness|ruefulness|pangs of conscience|prickings of conscience|shame|guilt|self-reproach|self-condemnation|compunction|rue|sorriness

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from late Latin contritio(n- ), from contrit- ‘ground down’, from the verb conterere (see contrite).


word: CONTRIVANCE
russian_word: приспособление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈtrʌɪv(ə)ns
phonetics_text: kənˈtrʌɪv(ə)ns
example:
the requirements of the system, by happy chance and some contrivance, can be summed up in an acronym|the often tiresome contrivances of historical fiction

definition:
the use of skill to create or bring about something, especially with a consequent effect of artificiality.|a device, especially in literary or artistic composition, which gives a sense of artificiality.

synonyms:
scheme|stratagem|tactic|manoeuvre|move|course/line of action|plan|ploy|gambit|device|wile|trick|ruse|plot|machination|subterfuge|artifice|expedient|wheeze|lurk|shift|fetch


word: CONTRIVE
russian_word: затевать
example: his opponents contrived a cabinet crisis
definition: create or bring about (an object or a situation) by deliberate use of skill and artifice.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈtrʌɪv
phonetics_text: kənˈtrʌɪv
synonyms:
bring about|engineer|cause to happen|manufacture|orchestrate|stage-manage|create|devise|concoct|construct|design|formulate|plan|work out|think up|dream up|come up with|fabricate|plot|hatch|wangle|set up|cook up|procure

origin:
Middle English: from Old French contreuve-, stressed stem of controver ‘imagine, invent’, from medieval Latin contropare ‘compare’.


word: CONTROL
russian_word: контроль
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kənˈtrəʊl
phonetics_text: kənˈtrəʊl
example:
the whole operation is under the control of a production manager|platelet activity was higher in patients with the disease than in the controls|he sat with his KGB control as the details of his new assignment were explained|he has controls in both minor suits

definition:
the power to influence or direct people's behaviour or the course of events.|a person or thing used as a standard of comparison for checking the results of a survey or experiment.|a member of an intelligence organization who personally directs the activities of a spy.|a high card that will prevent the opponents from establishing a particular suit.

synonyms:
jurisdiction|sway|power|authority|command|dominance|domination|government|mastery|leadership|rule|reign|sovereignty|supremacy|ascendancy|predominance|hegemony|charge|management|direction|guidance|supervision|superintendence|oversight|influence|prepotence|prepotency|prepollency

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb in the sense ‘check or verify accounts’, especially by referring to a duplicate register): from Anglo-Norman French contreroller ‘keep a copy of a roll of accounts’, from medieval Latin contrarotulare, from contrarotulus ‘copy of a roll’, from contra- ‘against’ + rotulus ‘a roll’. The noun is perhaps via French contrôle .


word: CONTROVERSIAL
russian_word: спорный
example: years of wrangling over a controversial bypass
definition: giving rise or likely to give rise to controversy or public disagreement.
antonyms: uncontroversial|anodyne
origin: late 16th century: from late Latin controversialis, from controversia (see controversy).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kɒntrəˈvəːʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: kɒntrəˈvəːʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
contentious|disputed|contended|at issue|moot|disputable|debatable|arguable|vexed|open to discussion/question|under discussion|tendentious|emotive|sensitive|delicate|difficult|awkward|problematic|controvertible


word: CONTROVERSY
russian_word: полемика
example: the design of the building has caused controversy
definition: prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion.
antonyms: agreement|accord
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntrəvəːsi
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntrəvəːsi|kənˈtrɒvəsi
synonyms:
disagreement|dispute|argument|debate|dissension|contention|disputation|altercation|wrangle|quarrel|squabble|war of words|storm|wrangling|quarrelling|squabbling|bickering|polemic|cause célèbre|row|velitation

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin controversia, from controversus ‘turned against, disputed’, from contro- (variant of contra- ‘against’) + versus, past participle of vertere ‘to turn’.


word: CONTUMELY
russian_word: оскорбление
example: the Church should not be exposed to gossip and contumely
definition: insolent or insulting language or treatment.
antonyms: compliments|flattery
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒntjuːmɪli
phonetics_text: ˈkɒntjuːmɪli|ˈkɒntjuːmli
synonyms:
abuse|insults|slurs|aspersions|derision|invective|slander|defamation|denigration|disparagement|opprobrium|obloquy|vituperation|vilification|insolence|rudeness|impertinence|discourtesy|mud-slinging|bad-mouthing|bitchiness|malapertness|billingsgate

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French contumelie, from Latin contumelia, perhaps from con- ‘with’ + tumere ‘to swell’.


word: CONUNDRUM
russian_word: загадка
example: one of the most difficult conundrums for the experts
definition: a confusing and difficult problem or question.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈnʌndrəm
phonetics_text: kəˈnʌndrəm
synonyms:
problem|difficult question|vexed question|difficulty|quandary|dilemma|puzzle|enigma|mystery|poser|facer|stumper|cruncher

origin:
late 16th century: of unknown origin, but first recorded in a work by Thomas Nashe, as a term of abuse for a crank or pedant, later coming to denote a whim or fancy, also a pun. Current senses date from the late 17th century.


word: CONUS
russian_word: конус
origin: late 19th century: from Latin, literally ‘cone’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəʊnəs
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊnəs
definition:
the upper front part of the right ventricle of the heart.|the conical lower extremity of the spinal cord.


word: CONVALESCE
russian_word: выздоравливать
example: he spent eight months convalescing after the stroke
definition: recover one's health and strength over a period of time after an illness or medical treatment.
antonyms: deteriorate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌkɒnvəˈlɛs
phonetics_text: ˌkɒnvəˈlɛs
synonyms:
recuperate|get better|recover|get well|regain one's strength/health|get back on one's feet|get over something|get back to normal|be on the road to recovery|be on the mend|improve

origin:
late 15th century: from Latin convalescere, from con- ‘altogether’ + valescere ‘grow strong’ (from valere ‘be well’).


word: CONVALESCENCE
russian_word: выздоровление
example: a period of convalescence
definition: time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment; recuperation.
antonyms: relapse
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns
phonetics_text: ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns
synonyms:
recuperation|recovery|return to health|process of getting better|rehabilitation|improvement|mending|restoration


word: CONVALESCENT
russian_word: выздоравливающий
example: a convalescent child
definition: (of a person) recovering from an illness or medical treatment.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kɒnvəˈlɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kɒnvəˈlɛs(ə)nt
synonyms:
recuperating|recovering|getting better|on the road to recovery|improving|making progress|on the mend

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin convalescent- ‘growing strong, recovering’, from the verb convalescere (see convalesce).


word: CONVENE
russian_word: созывать
example: he had convened a secret meeting of military personnel
definition: come or bring together for a meeting or activity; assemble.
antonyms: disperse
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈviːn
phonetics_text: kənˈviːn
synonyms:
summon|call|call together|order|hold|convoke|assemble|gather|meet|get together|come together|congregate|collect|muster|foregather

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin convenire ‘assemble, agree, fit’, from con- ‘together’ + venire ‘come’.


word: CONVENIENCE
russian_word: удобство
definition: the state of being able to proceed with something without difficulty.|a public toilet.
synonyms: benefit|use|good|comfort|ease|enjoyment|satisfaction
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈviːnɪəns
phonetics_text: kənˈviːnɪəns
example:
services should be run to suit the convenience of customers, not of staff|the large council car park next to the public conveniences

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin convenientia, from convenient- ‘assembling, agreeing’, from the verb convenire (see convene).


word: CONVENIENT
russian_word: удобный
example: I phoned your office to confirm that this date is convenient
definition: fitting in well with a person's needs, activities, and plans.
antonyms: inconvenient|awkward
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈviːnɪənt
phonetics_text: kənˈviːnɪənt
synonyms:
suitable|appropriate|fitting|fit|suited|agreeable|opportune|timely|well timed|favourable|advantageous|expedient|commodious|seasonable|trouble-free|labour-saving|useful|handy|practical|serviceable|user-oriented

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘befitting, becoming, suitable’): from Latin convenient- ‘assembling, agreeing, fitting’, from the verb convenire (see convene).


word: CONVENT
russian_word: монастырь
example: Maria entered the convent at the age of eighteen
definition: a Christian community of nuns living together under monastic vows.
synonyms: nunnery|priory|abbey|religious house|religious community|cloister|cenobium|cenoby|beguinage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒnv(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒnv(ə)nt
origin:
Middle English: from Old French, from Latin conventus ‘assembly, company’, from the verb convenire (see convene). The original spelling was covent (surviving in the place name Covent Garden ); the modern form dates from the 16th century.


word: CONVENTICLE
russian_word: сектантская молельня
definition: a secret or unlawful religious meeting, typically of nonconformists.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈvɛntɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: kənˈvɛntɪk(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘assembly, meeting’, particularly a clandestine or illegal one): from Latin conventiculum ‘(place of) assembly’, diminutive of conventus ‘assembly, company’, from the verb convenire (see convene).


word: CONVENTION
russian_word: конвенция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈvɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈvɛnʃ(ə)n
example:
to attract the best patrons the movie houses had to ape the conventions and the standards of theatres|the convention, signed by the six states bordering on the Black Sea, aims to prevent further pollution|the party held its biennial convention

definition:
a way in which something is usually done.|an agreement between states covering particular matters, especially one less formal than a treaty.|a large meeting or conference, especially of members of a political party or a particular profession or group.|a bid or system of bidding by which the bidder tries to convey specific information about the hand to their partner, as opposed to seeking to win the auction.

synonyms:
agreement|accord|protocol|compact|pact|treaty|concordat|entente|understanding|arrangement|contract|bargain|deal

origin:
late Middle English (in convention (sense 3)): via Old French from Latin conventio(n- ) ‘meeting, covenant’, from the verb convenire (see convene). convention (sense 1) dates from the late 18th century.


word: CONVENTIONAL
russian_word: обычный
antonyms: original
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈvɛnʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: kənˈvɛnʃ(ə)n(ə)l
example:
a conventional morality had dictated behaviour|West made a conventional bid showing a hand with at least 5 spades

definition:
based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed.|(of a bid) intended to convey a particular meaning according to an agreed convention.

synonyms:
normal|standard|regular|ordinary|usual|traditional|typical|common|common or garden|garden variety|run-of-the-mill|prosaic|pedestrian|commonplace|unimaginative|uninspired|uninspiring|unadventurous|unremarkable|unexceptional|unoriginal|derivative|formulaic|predictable|stock|hackneyed|clichéd|stereotypical|stereotyped|trite|platitudinous|old hat|plain vanilla|bog-standard|hacky|formalistic

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘relating to a formal agreement or convention’): from French conventionnel or late Latin conventionalis, from Latin conventio(n- ) ‘meeting, covenant’, from the verb convenire (see convene).


word: CONVENTUAL
russian_word: монастырский
example: the conventual life
definition: relating or belonging to a convent.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kənˈvɛntʃʊəl
phonetics_text: kənˈvɛntʃʊəl
origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin conventualis, from Latin conventus ‘assembly, company’ (see convent).


word: CONVERGE
russian_word: сходиться
antonyms: separate|diverge
synonyms: meet|intersect|cross|come together|connect|link up|coincide|join|unite|merge
origin: late 17th century: from late Latin convergere, from con- ‘together’ + Latin vergere ‘incline’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈvəːdʒ
phonetics_text: kənˈvəːdʒ
example:
a pair of lines of longitude are parallel at the equator but converge toward the poles|the powers of E therefore converge very slowly indeed

definition:
(of lines) tend to meet at a point.|(of a series) approximate in the sum of its terms towards a definite limit.


word: CONVERSANT
russian_word: сведущий
example: you need someone who is conversant with the new technology
definition: familiar with or knowledgeable about something.
antonyms: unfamiliar with|ignorant of
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈvəːs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kənˈvəːs(ə)nt
synonyms:
familiar with|acquainted with|au fait with|at home with|no stranger to|well versed in|well informed about|well up on|knowledgeable about|informed about|abreast of|apprised of|up to date on|au courant with|experienced in|proficient in|practised in|skilled in|up to speed on|clued up on|genned up on|plugged into|cognizant of|perfect in

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, present participle of converser (see converse1). The original sense was ‘habitually spending time in a particular place or with a particular person’.


word: CONVERSATION
russian_word: разговор
example: she picked up the phone and held a conversation in French
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒnvəˈseɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kɒnvəˈseɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a talk, especially an informal one, between two or more people, in which news and ideas are exchanged.

synonyms:
discussion|talk|chat|gossip|tête-à-tête|heart-to-heart|head-to-head|exchange|dialogue|parley|consultation|conference|adda|korero|confab|jaw|chit-chat|rap|gas|powwow|chinwag|natter|rabbit|crack|bull session|skull session|gabfest|schmooze|convo|yarn|confabulation|palaver|colloquy|converse

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘living among, familiarity, intimacy’): via Old French from Latin conversatio(n- ), from the verb conversari (see converse1).


word: CONVERSATION PIECE
russian_word: жанровая картина
example: an umbrella stand conversation piece painted in garish colours
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a painting of a genre in which groups of figures are posed in a landscape or domestic setting, popular especially in the 18th century.|an object whose unusual quality makes it a topic of conversation.


word: CONVERSE
russian_word: разговаривать
example: she was withdrawn and preoccupied, hardly able to converse with her mother
definition: engage in conversation.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
talk|speak|chat|have a conversation|have a talk|have a discussion|discourse|confer|parley|consult with each other|chatter|gossip|chew the fat|chew the rag|gab|jaw|have a confab|natter|rabbit|witter|chunter|rap|shoot the breeze|conversate|mag|confabulate

phonetic:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘live among, be familiar with’): from Old French converser, from Latin conversari ‘keep company (with’), from con- ‘with’ + versare, frequentative of vertere ‘to turn’. The current sense of the verb dates from the early 17th century.


word: CONVERSION
russian_word: преобразование
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈvəːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈvəːʃ(ə)n
example:
the conversion of food into body tissues|he insists that real conversion is a matter of the heart|Gavin Hastings landed one penalty and one conversion|you'll see better conversion rates for your local advertising if you include your physical address on your website|he was found guilty of the fraudulent conversion of clients' monies|conversion disorders

definition:
the process of changing or causing something to change from one form to another.|the fact of changing one's religion or beliefs or the action of persuading someone else to change theirs.|a successful kick at goal after a try, scoring two points.|(in the context of online marketing) the proportion of people viewing an advertisement and going on to buy the product, click on a link, etc.|the action of wrongfully dealing with goods in a manner inconsistent with the owner's rights.|the manifestation of a mental disturbance as a physical disorder or disease.

synonyms:
change|changing|transformation|turning|altering|metamorphosis|transfiguration|transmutation|translation|sea change|transmogrification

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘turning of sinners to God’): via Old French from Latin conversio(n- ), from convers- ‘turned about’, from the verb convertere (see convert).


word: CONVERT
russian_word: конвертировать
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
modernization has converted the country from a primitive society to a near-industrial one|at sixteen he converted to Catholicism|Faulkner gave away a penalty corner which was converted by Saeed Anjum

definition:
change the form, character, or function of something.|change one's religious faith or other belief.|score from (a penalty kick, pass, or other opportunity) in a sport or game.

synonyms:
change|turn|transform|metamorphose|transfigure|transmute|translate|transmogrify|permute|adapt|rework|recast|reshape|refashion|remodel|remould|rehash

phonetic:
Middle English (in the sense ‘turn round, send in a different direction’): from Old French convertir, based on Latin convertere ‘turn about’, from con- ‘altogether’ + vertere ‘turn’.


word: CONVERTIBLE
russian_word: конвертируемый
example: a convertible sofa
definition: able to be changed in form, function, or character.
synonyms: changeable|able to be changed|exchangeable|adaptable|adjustable|modifiable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kənˈvəːtɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: kənˈvəːtɪb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘interchangeable’): from Old French, from Latin convertibilis, from convertere ‘turn about’ (see convert).


word: CONVEX
russian_word: выпуклый
example: a convex lens
antonyms: concave
synonyms: curved outwards|cambered|rounded|bulging|swelling|protuberant|curvilinear|gibbous|outcurved
origin: late 16th century: from Latin convexus ‘vaulted, arched’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒnvɛks
phonetics_text: ˈkɒnvɛks
definition:
having an outline or surface curved like the exterior of a circle or sphere.|(of a polygon) not having any interior angles greater than 180°.


word: CONVEY
russian_word: передавать
definition: transport or carry to a place.|transfer the title to (property).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈveɪ
phonetics_text: kənˈveɪ
example:
pipes were laid to convey water to the house|no application for registration is required when the property is conveyed following a court order

synonyms:
transport|carry|bring|take|fetch|bear|move|ferry|shuttle|shift|transfer|send|forward|deliver|dispatch|channel|pipe|conduct

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘escort’; compare with convoy): from Old French conveier, from medieval Latin conviare, from con- ‘together’ + Latin via ‘way’.


word: CONVEYANCE
russian_word: передача
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈveɪəns
phonetics_text: kənˈveɪəns
example:
a busy centre for the conveyance of agricultural produce from the Billingshurst area|such protective measures might be taken before the conveyance is concluded

definition:
the action or process of transporting or carrying someone or something from one place to another.|the legal process of transferring property from one owner to another.

synonyms:
transportation|transport|carriage|carrying|transfer|transference|movement|delivery|haulage|portage|cartage|shipment|freightage


word: CONVICT
russian_word: осужденный
example: the theives were convicted of the robbery
antonyms: acquit|clear
synonyms: declare/find/pronounce guilty|sentence|give someone a sentence|send down for
part_of_speech: verb|noun
definition:
declare (someone) to be guilty of a criminal offence by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law.

phonetic:
Middle English: from Latin convict- ‘demonstrated, refuted, convicted’, from the verb convincere (see convince). The noun is from obsolete convict ‘convicted’.


word: CONVICTION
russian_word: убеждение
antonyms: acquittal
synonyms: sentence|judgement
origin: late Middle English: from Latin convictio(n- ), from the verb convincere (see convince).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈvɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈvɪkʃ(ə)n
example:
she had a previous conviction for a similar offence|she takes pride in stating her political convictions

definition:
a formal declaration by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law that someone is guilty of a criminal offence.|a firmly held belief or opinion.


word: CONVINCE
russian_word: убеждать
example: Robert's expression had obviously convinced her of his innocence
definition: cause (someone) to believe firmly in the truth of something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈvɪns
phonetics_text: kənˈvɪns
synonyms:
persuade|satisfy|prove to|cause to feel certain|assure|reassure|put/set someone's mind at rest|dispel someone's doubts

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘overcome, defeat in argument’): from Latin convincere, from con- ‘with’ + vincere ‘conquer’. Compare with convict.


word: CONVINCING
russian_word: убедительный
example: there is no convincing evidence that advertising influences total alcohol consumption
definition: capable of causing someone to believe that something is true or real.
antonyms: unconvincing|improbable|far-fetched
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈvɪnsɪŋ
phonetics_text: kənˈvɪnsɪŋ
synonyms:
cogent|persuasive|powerful|potent|strong|forceful|compelling|irresistible|telling|conclusive|incontrovertible|unanswerable|incontestable|unassailable|sound|well founded|plausible|credible|believable|carrying conviction|likely|probable|suasive|assuasive|verisimilar|colourable


word: CONVIVIAL
russian_word: компанейский
example: a convivial cocktail party
definition: (of an atmosphere or event) friendly, lively, and enjoyable.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kənˈvɪvɪəl
phonetics_text: kənˈvɪvɪəl
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘fit for a feast, festive’): from Latin convivialis, from convivium ‘a feast’, from con- ‘with’ + vivere ‘live’.


word: CONVIVIALITY
russian_word: веселость
example: the conviviality of the evening
definition: the quality of being friendly and lively; friendliness.
antonyms: unfriendliness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˌvɪvɪˈalɪti
phonetics_text: kənˌvɪvɪˈalɪti
synonyms:
friendliness|geniality|affability|amiability|congeniality|good humour|cordiality|warmth|warm-heartedness|good nature|sociability|gregariousness|clubbability|companionability|cheerfulness|cheeriness|good cheer|joviality|jollity|gaiety|liveliness|festivity|bonhomie


word: CONVOCATION
russian_word: созыв
origin: late Middle English: from Latin convocatio(n- ), from the verb convocare (see convoke).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒnvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌkɒnvəˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a large formal assembly of people.|the action of calling people together for a large formal assembly.


word: CONVOLUTED
russian_word: извилистый
antonyms: simple|straightforward
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌkɒnvəˈl(j)uːtɪd
phonetics_text: ˌkɒnvəˈl(j)uːtɪd
example:
the film is let down by a convoluted plot in which nothing really happens|walnuts come in hard and convoluted shells

definition:
(especially of an argument, story, or sentence) extremely complex and difficult to follow.|intricately folded, twisted, or coiled.

synonyms:
complicated|complex|involved|intricate|elaborate|impenetrable|serpentine|labyrinthine|tortuous|tangled|Byzantine|Daedalian|Gordian|confused|confusing|bewildering|baffling|puzzling|perplexing|fiddly|plotty|involute

origin:
late 18th century: past participle of convolute, from Latin convolutus, past participle of convolvere ‘roll together, intertwine’ (see convolve).


word: CONVOLUTION
russian_word: свертка
example: the convolutions of farm policy|crosses adorned with elaborate convolutions
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒnvəˈluːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌkɒnvəˈluːʃ(ə)n
definition:
a thing that is complex and difficult to follow.|a coil or twist.|a sinuous fold in the surface of the brain.|a function derived from two given functions by integration which expresses how the shape of one is modified by the other.

synonyms:
complexity|intricacy|complication|twist|turn|entanglement|contortion|involvement|tortuousness|convolutedness|involution

origin:
mid 16th century: from medieval Latin convolutio(n- ), from convolvere ‘roll together’ (see convolve).


word: CONVOLVULUS
russian_word: вьюнок
origin: Latin, ‘bindweed’, from convolvere ‘roll together’ (see convolve).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈvɒlvjʊləs
phonetics_text: kənˈvɒlvjʊləs
definition:
a twining plant with trumpet-shaped flowers, of which some kinds (such as bindweed) are invasive weeds and others are cultivated for their bright flowers.


word: CONVOY
russian_word: конвой
example: a convoy of lorries
synonyms: group|fleet|cavalcade|motorcade|cortège|caravan|company|line|train|procession|crocodile
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɒnvɔɪ
phonetics_text: ˈkɒnvɔɪ
definition:
a group of ships or vehicles travelling together, typically one accompanied by armed troops, warships, or other vehicles for protection.

origin:
late Middle English (originally Scots, as a verb in the senses ‘convey’, ‘conduct’, and ‘act as escort’): from French convoyer, from medieval Latin conviare (see convey).


word: CONVULSANT
russian_word: средство, вызывающее судороги
definition: (chiefly of drugs) producing sudden and involuntary muscle contractions.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kənˈvʌls(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kənˈvʌls(ə)nt
origin:
late 19th century: from French, from convulser, from Latin convuls- ‘pulled violently, wrenched’, from the verb convellere (see convulse).


word: CONVULSE
russian_word: волновать
synonyms: shake uncontrollably/violently|go into spasms|shudder|jerk|thrash about|suffer a fit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kənˈvʌls
phonetics_text: kənˈvʌls
example:
she convulsed, collapsing to the floor with the pain|a wave of mass strikes convulsed the Ruhr, Berlin, and central Germany

definition:
suffer violent involuntary contraction of the muscles, producing contortion of the body or limbs.|throw (a country) into violent social or political upheaval.

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin convuls- ‘pulled violently, wrenched’, from the verb convellere, from con- ‘together’ + vellere ‘to pull’.


word: CONVULSION
russian_word: судорога
example: toxic side effects like convulsions|the convulsions of 1939–45
synonyms: fit|seizure|paroxysm|spasm|attack|muscular contractions|throes|ictus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kənˈvʌlʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kənˈvʌlʃ(ə)n
definition:
a sudden, violent, irregular movement of the body, caused by involuntary contraction of muscles and associated especially with brain disorders such as epilepsy, the presence of certain toxins or other agents in the blood, or fever in children.|a violent social or political upheaval.

origin:
mid 16th century (originally in the sense ‘cramp, spasm’): from Latin convulsio(n- ), from the verb convellere (see convulse).


word: COOCH
russian_word: СООСН
definition: a woman's genitals.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kuːtʃ
phonetics_text: kuːtʃ
origin:
early 20th century (denoting an erotic dance): shortened from coochie. The current sense dates from the 1950s.


word: COOK
russian_word: повар
synonyms: prepare|make|get|put together|bake|fix|knock up|rustle up
origin: Old English cōc (noun), from popular Latin cocus, from Latin coquus .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kʊk
phonetics_text: kʊk
example:
shall I cook dinner tonight?|a narcotics team who cooked the evidence|what's cooking on the alternative fuels front?|the band used to get up on the bandstand and really cook

definition:
prepare (food, a dish, or a meal) by mixing, combining, and heating the ingredients.|alter dishonestly; falsify.|be happening or planned.|perform or proceed vigorously or very well.


word: COOKTOP
russian_word: варочная панель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʊktɒp
phonetics_text: ˈkʊktɒp
definition:
a cooking unit, usually with hot plates or burners, built into or fixed on the top of a cabinet or other surface.


word: COOK UP
russian_word: состряпать
example: I've had plenty of time to cook up an outlandish conspiracy theory
definition: devise a clever or devious story, excuse, or plan.
synonyms:
concoct|devise|put together|create|contrive|fabricate|prepare|trump up|hatch|brew|plot|plan|scheme|invent|make up|think up|dream up


word: COOL
russian_word: прохладно
antonyms: warm|hot
synonyms: chilly|cold|fresh|crisp|refreshing|invigorating|bracing|brisk|unheated|draughty|nippy|parky|chill
origin: Old English cōl (noun), cōlian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch koel, also to cold.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: kuːl
phonetics_text: kuːl
example:
it'll be a cool afternoon|he gave a cool reception to the suggestion for a research centre|youngsters are turning to smoking because they think it makes them appear cool|research for a new drug can cost a cool £50 million

definition:
of or at a fairly low temperature.|showing no friendliness towards a person or enthusiasm for an idea or project.|fashionably attractive or impressive.|used to emphasize the size of an amount of money.


word: COOLIE
russian_word: кули
definition: an unskilled native labourer in India, China, and some other Asian countries.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkuːli
phonetics_text: ˈkuːli
origin:
mid 17th century: from Hindi and Telugu kūlī ‘day labourer’, probably associated with Urdu ḳulī ‘slave’.


word: COOP
russian_word: курятник
definition: a cage or pen in which poultry are kept.
synonyms: pen|run|cage|hutch|enclosure|pound|lock-up|birdcage|aviary|mew|parrock
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kuːp
phonetics_text: kuːp
origin:
Middle English cowpe ; related to Dutch kuip ‘vat’ and German Kufe ‘cask’, based on Latin cupa . Compare with cooper.


word: COOPER
russian_word: бондарь
definition: a maker or repairer of casks and barrels.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkuːpə
phonetics_text: ˈkuːpə
origin:
Middle English cowper, from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German kūper, from kūpe ‘tub, vat’, based on Latin cupa . Compare with coop.


word: COOPERATE
russian_word: сотрудничать
example: the leaders promised to cooperate in ending the civil war
definition: work jointly towards the same end.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kəʊˈɒpəreɪt
phonetics_text: kəʊˈɒpəreɪt
origin:
late 16th century: from ecclesiastical Latin cooperat- ‘worked together’, from the verb cooperari, from co- ‘together’ + operari ‘to work’.


word: COOPERATION
russian_word: сотрудничество
example: they worked in close cooperation with the British Tourist Authority
definition: the action or process of working together to the same end.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
collaboration|working together|joint action|combined effort|teamwork|mutual support|partnership|coopetition|coordination|liaison|association|synergy|unity|concurrence|concord|accord|understanding|give and take|compromise|dealings|relations|coaction

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin cooperatio(n- ), from the verb cooperari (see cooperate); later reinforced by French coopération .


word: COOPERATIVE
russian_word: кооператив
example: every member has clearly defined tasks in a cooperative enterprise
definition: involving mutual assistance in working towards a common goal.
antonyms: individual
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kəʊˈɒp(ə)rətɪv
phonetics_text: kəʊˈɒp(ə)rətɪv
synonyms:
collaborative|collective|communal|combined|common|joint|shared|mutual|united|unified|allied|cross-party|pooled|mass|concerted|coordinated|interactive|unanimous|harmonious|coactive

origin:
early 17th century: from late Latin cooperativus, from Latin cooperat- ‘worked together’, from the verb cooperari (see cooperate).


word: COORDINATE
russian_word: координировать
part_of_speech: verb|adjective|noun
example:
he had responsibility for coordinating London's transport services|the sodium atom is coordinated to two oxygen atoms

definition:
bring the different elements of (a complex activity or organization) into a harmonious or efficient relationship.|form a coordinate bond to (an atom or molecule).

synonyms:
harmonize|correlate|interrelate|synchronize|bring together|fit together|mesh|dovetail|organize|arrange|order|systematize|concert

phonetic:
mid 17th century (in the senses ‘of the same rank’ and ‘place in the same rank’): from co- ‘together’ + Latin ordinare (from ordo ‘order’), on the pattern of subordinate .


word: COOT
russian_word: лысуха
origin: Middle English: probably of Dutch or Low German origin and related to Dutch koet .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kuːt
phonetics_text: kuːt
definition:
an aquatic bird of the rail family, with blackish plumage, lobed feet, and a bill that extends back on to the forehead as a horny shield.|a stupid or eccentric person, typically an old man.


word: COP
russian_word: полицейский
example: a cop in a patrol car gave chase|he had the cop-on to stay clear of Hugh Thornley
definition: a police officer.|shrewdness; practical intelligence.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɒp
phonetics_text: kɒp
synonyms:
police officer|policeman|policewoman|officer of the law|law-enforcement officer/agent|officer|constable|patrolman|trooper|roundsman|peace officer|kotwal|gendarme|jack|uniform|copper|bobby|rozzer|busy|bizzy|plod|PC Plod|bear|walloper|demon|flic|flatfoot|bogey|flattie|woodentop|pig|peeler|runner|bluebottle|finger|the police|the police force|the forces of law and order|the constabulary|the law|the fuzz|the boys in blue|the long arm of the law|the (Old) Bill|the force|the heat|the filth|Babylon

origin:
early 18th century (as a verb): perhaps from obsolete cap ‘arrest’, from Old French caper ‘seize’, from Latin capere . The noun is from copper2.


word: COPARCENARY
russian_word: сонаследование
definition: joint heirship; the status of a coparcener.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈpɑːs(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: kəʊˈpɑːs(ə)n(ə)ri
origin:
early 16th century: from co- ‘together’ + parcenary, legal term in the same sense, from Anglo-Norman French parcenarie, from parcener ‘coparcener’ (see coparcener).


word: COPARCENER
russian_word: сонаследник
origin: late Middle English: from co- ‘together’ + parcener.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈpɑːs(ə)nə
phonetics_text: kəʊˈpɑːs(ə)nə
definition:
a person who shares equally with others in the inheritance of an undivided estate or in the rights to it (in the UK now as equitable interests).


word: COPE
russian_word: справляться
example: his ability to cope with stress
definition: (of a person) deal effectively with something difficult.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kəʊp
phonetics_text: kəʊp
synonyms:
manage|survive|subsist|look after oneself|fend for oneself|shift for oneself|stand on one's own two feet|carry on|get through|get on|get along|get by|muddle through|muddle along|scrape by|bear up|make the grade|come through|hold one's own|keep one's end up|keep one's head above water|keep the wolf from the door|weather the storm|make out|hack it|paddle one's own canoe|rub along|deal with|handle|address|face|face up to|confront|tackle|sort out|take care of|take in hand|get to grips with|contend with|grapple with|wrestle with|struggle with|tussle with|put up with|weather|endure|withstand|stand up to|bear|brave|accept|come to terms with|master|overcome|surmount|get over|get the better of|beat|stomach|swallow

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘meet in battle, come to blows’): from Old French coper, colper, from cop, colp ‘a blow’, via Latin from Greek kolaphos ‘blow with the fist’.


word: COPER
russian_word: торговец лошадьми
definition: a horse-dealer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəʊpə
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊpə
origin:
mid 16th century: from Middle English cope  ‘buy’, from Dutch, Low German kōpen ; related to German kaufen, also to cheap.


word: COPIOUS
russian_word: обильный
example: she took copious notes
definition: abundant in supply or quantity.
antonyms: sparse
origin: late Middle English: from Old French copieux or Latin copiosus, from copia ‘plenty’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkəʊpɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊpɪəs
synonyms:
abundant|superabundant|plentiful|ample|profuse|full|extensive|considerable|substantial|generous|bumper|lavish|fulsome|liberal|bountiful|overflowing|abounding|teeming|in abundance|many|numerous|multiple|multifarious|multitudinous|manifold|countless|innumerable|a gogo|galore|lank|bounteous|plenteous|myriad


word: COPPERAS
russian_word: купорос
definition: green crystals of hydrated ferrous sulphate, especially as an industrial product.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒp(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈkɒp(ə)rəs
origin:
late Middle English coperose, from Old French couperose, from medieval Latin cuperosa, literally ‘flower of copper’, from late Latin cuprum (see copper1) + rosa ‘rose’, translating Greek khalkanthon .


word: COPPERPLATE
russian_word: омеднять
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒpəpleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒpəpleɪt
definition:
a polished copper plate with a design engraved or etched into it.|a style of neat, round handwriting, usually slanted and looped, the thick and thin strokes being made by pressure with a flexible metal nib.


word: COPPERSMITH
russian_word: медник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒpəsmɪθ
phonetics_text: ˈkɒpəsmɪθ
definition:
a person who makes things out of copper.|the crimson-breasted barbet of SE Asia, which has a red breast band, a streaked belly, and a repetitive metallic call.


word: COPROLALIA
russian_word: копролалия
origin: late 19th century: from Greek kopros ‘dung’ + lalia ‘speech, chatter’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒprə(ʊ)ˈleɪlɪə
phonetics_text: ˌkɒprə(ʊ)ˈleɪlɪə
definition:
the involuntary and repetitive use of obscene language, as a symptom of mental illness or organic brain disease.


word: COPULATE
russian_word: совокупляться
example: only the dominant male copulates with the female
definition: have sexual intercourse.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkɒpjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒpjʊleɪt
synonyms:
mate|couple|breed|have sex|have sexual intercourse|make love|sleep together|go to bed|do it|do the business|go all the way|make whoopee|have one's way|bed|tumble|bonk|get one's oats|boff|get it on|be intimate|fornicate with|lie together|possess|swive|know|fuck|screw|bang|lay|get one's leg over|shaft|dick|frig|do|have|hump|poke|shtup|dip one's wick|ride|service|have it away|have it off|shag|knob|get one's end away|knock someone off|give someone one|roger|grind|stuff|tup|podger|ball|jump|jump someone's bones|bone|pork|diddle|nail|root

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘join’): from Latin copulat- ‘fastened together’, from the verb copulare, from copula (see copula).


word: COPULATION
russian_word: спаривание
example: males may seek copulation with the breeding female
definition: sexual intercourse.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒpjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌkɒpjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
sex|sexual intercourse|intercourse|lovemaking|making love|sexual relations|mating|coupling|breeding|nooky|bonking|rumpy pumpy|a bit of the other|how's your father|pata-pata|coitus|coition|fornication|carnal knowledge|congress|commerce|screwing|fucking|shagging


word: COPULATIVE
russian_word: детородный
definition: (of a word) connecting words or clauses linked in sense.|relating to sexual intercourse.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒpjʊlətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈkɒpjʊlətɪv
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French copulatif, -ive or late Latin copulativus, from copulat- ‘coupled’, from the verb copulare (see copulate).


word: COPY
russian_word: копия
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɒpi
phonetics_text: ˈkɒpi
example:
the problem is telling which is the original document and which the copy|the record has sold more than a million copies|copy for the next issue must be submitted by the beginning of the month|examinees will not be allowed to take pens, copies, or water bottles inside the test centre

definition:
a thing made to be similar or identical to another.|a single specimen of a particular book, record, or other publication or issue.|matter to be printed.|a blank booklet or notebook used for schoolwork.

synonyms:
duplicate|duplication|reprint|facsimile|photocopy|carbon copy|carbon|mimeograph|mimeo|transcript|dupe|Xerox|photostat|replica|reproduction|replication|print|imitation|likeness|lookalike|representation|mock-up|dummy|counterfeit|forgery|fake|sham|bootleg|pirate|phoney|knock-off

origin:
Middle English (denoting a transcript or copy of a document): from Old French copie (noun), copier (verb), from Latin copia ‘abundance’ (in medieval Latin ‘transcript’, from such phrases as copiam describendi facere ‘give permission to transcribe’).


word: COPYLEFT
russian_word: копилефт
origin: 1980s: after copyright.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒpɪlɛft
phonetics_text: ˈkɒpɪlɛft
definition:
an arrangement whereby software or artistic work may be used, modified, and distributed freely on condition that anything derived from it is bound by the same conditions.


word: COQUETTISH
russian_word: кокетливый
example: a coquettish grin
definition: behaving in such a way as to suggest a playful sexual attraction; flirtatious.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kəˈkɛtɪʃ
phonetics_text: kəˈkɛtɪʃ
synonyms:
flirtatious|flirty|provocative|seductive|inviting|amorous|kittenish|coy|arch|teasing|playful|frisky|flighty|skittish|dallying|philandering|come-hither|vampish


word: COQUINA
russian_word: ракушечник
origin: mid 19th century: from Spanish, literally ‘cockle’, based on Latin concha (see conch).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒˈkiːnə
phonetics_text: kɒˈkiːnə
definition:
a soft limestone of broken shells, used in road-making in the Caribbean and Florida.|a small bivalve mollusc with a wedge-shaped shell which has a wide variety of colours and patterns.


word: CORACOID
russian_word: клювовидный отросток
definition: a short projection from the shoulder blade in mammals, to which part of the biceps is attached.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒrəkɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkɒrəkɔɪd
origin:
mid 18th century: from modern Latin coracoides, from Greek korakoeidēs ‘raven-like’, from korax ‘raven’ (because of the resemblance to a raven's beak).


word: CORALLINE
russian_word: коралловый
definition: a branching reddish seaweed with a calcareous jointed stem.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒrəlʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkɒrəlʌɪn
origin:
mid 16th century: the noun from Italian corallina, diminutive of corallo ‘coral’, the adjective (mid 17th century) from French corallin or late Latin corallinus, both based on Latin corallum ‘coral’.


word: CORALROOT
russian_word: ладьян
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a leafless orchid which has inconspicuous flowers and lacks chlorophyll. It has a pale knobbly rhizome which obtains nourishment from decaying organic matter.|a Eurasian woodland plant with purple flowers and bulbils at the base of the stem.


word: CORBEIL
russian_word: поддерживающий карниз
definition: a representation in stone of a basket of flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːbeɪl
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːbeɪl
origin:
early 18th century: from French corbeille ‘basket’, from late Latin corbicula ‘small basket’, diminutive of corbis .


word: CORBEL
russian_word: поясок
definition: a projection jutting out from a wall to support a structure above it.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɔːb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, diminutive of corp ‘crow’, from Latin corvus ‘raven’ (perhaps because of the shape of a corbel, resembling a crow's beak).


word: CORD
russian_word: шнур
example: hang the picture from a rail on a length of cord|the cloth for their suits was cord
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɔːd
phonetics_text: kɔːd
definition:
thin, flexible string or rope made from several twisted strands.|ribbed fabric, especially corduroy.|a measure of cut wood (usually 128 cu. ft, 3.62 cubic metres).

synonyms:
string|thread|thong|lace|ribbon|strap|tape|tie|line|rope|cable|wire|ligature|twine|yarn|elastic|braid|cording|braiding|creance|fillis

origin:
Middle English: from Old French corde, from Latin chorda, from Greek khordē ‘gut, string of a musical instrument’.


word: CORDATE
russian_word: сердцевидный
example: their leaves are often triangular, sometimes cordate or sagittate at the base
definition: heart-shaped.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːdeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːdeɪt
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘wise, prudent’): from Latin cordatus ‘wise’ (in modern Latin ‘heart-shaped’), from cor, cord- ‘heart’.


word: CORDIAL
russian_word: сердечный
example: the atmosphere was cordial and relaxed|I earned his cordial loathing
definition: warm and friendly.|strongly felt.
antonyms: unfriendly
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːdɪəl
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːdɪəl
synonyms:
friendly|warm|genial|affable|amiable|pleasant|fond|affectionate|warm-hearted|good-natured|gracious|hospitable|welcoming|sincere|earnest|wholehearted|heartfelt|hearty|enthusiastic|eager

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘belonging to the heart’): from medieval Latin cordialis, from Latin cor, cord- ‘heart’.


word: CORDIERITE
russian_word: кордиерит
origin: early 19th century: named after Pierre L. A. Cordier (1777–1861), French geologist, + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːdɪərʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːdɪərʌɪt
definition:
a dark blue mineral occurring chiefly in metamorphic rocks. It consists of an aluminosilicate of magnesium and iron, and also occurs as a dichroic gem variety.


word: CORDITE
russian_word: кордит
origin: late 19th century: from cord (because of its stringlike appearance) + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːdʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːdʌɪt
definition:
a smokeless explosive made from nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine, and petroleum jelly, used in ammunition.


word: CORDON
russian_word: кордон
example: the crowd was halted in front of the police cordon
synonyms: barrier|line|column|row|file|ranks|chain|ring|circle|picket line|crocodile
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɔːd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːd(ə)n
definition:
a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access to or from an area or building.|a fruit tree trained to grow as a single stem.|a projecting course of brick or stone on the face of a wall.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting an ornamental braid): from Italian cordone, augmentative of corda, and French cordon, diminutive of corde, both from Latin chorda ‘string, rope’ (see cord). cordon (sense 3 of the noun), the earliest of the current noun senses, dates from the early 18th century.


word: CORDOVAN
russian_word: кордовский
definition: a kind of soft leather made originally from goatskin and now from horse hide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːdəv(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːdəv(ə)n
origin:
late 16th century: from Spanish cordován, former spelling of cordobán ‘of Cordoba’, where it was originally made.


word: CORDUROY
russian_word: вельвет
definition: a thick cotton fabric with velvety ribs.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɔːdərɔɪ
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːdərɔɪ|ˈkɔːdjʊrɔɪ
origin:
late 18th century: probably from cord ‘ribbed fabric’ + duroy, denoting a kind of lightweight worsted formerly made in the West of England, of unknown origin.


word: CORE
russian_word: ядро
antonyms: peripheral|minor
origin: Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɔː
phonetics_text: kɔː
example:
a pineapple core|the plan has the interests of children at its core|core inflation was up 2.3 percent over the 12 month period

definition:
the tough central part of various fruits, containing the seeds.|the part of something that is central to its existence or character.|the dense central region of a planet, especially the nickel–iron inner part of the earth.|denoting or relating to a figure for inflation that excludes certain items, chiefly food and energy, that are subject to sudden and temporary price fluctuations.

synonyms:
central|key|basic|fundamental|elemental|principal|primary|main|chief|crucial|vital|essential|number-one|heart|nucleus|nub|hub|kernel|marrow|meat|essence|quintessence|crux|gist|pith|substance|sum and substance|body|basis|bedrock|cornerstone|linchpin|mainspring|foundation|root|base|underpinning|fundamentals|essentials|basic principles|main ingredients|heart of the matter|nitty-gritty|brass tacks|nuts and bolts|ABC|basics


word: CORF
russian_word: садок
definition: a wagon or large basket formerly used for bringing coal out of a mine.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːf
phonetics_text: kɔːf
origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘basket’): from Middle Low German and Middle Dutch korf, from Latin corbis ‘basket’.


word: CORIANDER
russian_word: кориандр
origin: Middle English: from Old French coriandre, from Latin coriandrum, from Greek koriannon .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒrɪˈandə
phonetics_text: ˌkɒrɪˈandə
definition:
an aromatic Mediterranean plant of the parsley family, the leaves and seeds of which are used as culinary herbs.


word: CORK
russian_word: пробка
synonyms: stopper|stop|plug|bung|peg|spigot|spile|seal|cap|top|lid|cover|covering|stopple
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɔːk
phonetics_text: kɔːk
example:
vinyl-coated cork is practical as a floor covering|he pulled out the cork and commenced pouring the wine

definition:
a buoyant light brown substance obtained from the outer layer of the bark of the cork oak.|a bottle stopper made of cork or a similar material.

origin:
Middle English: from Dutch and Low German kork, from Spanish alcorque ‘cork-soled sandal’, from Arabic al- ‘the’ and (probably) Spanish Arabic qurq, qorq, based on Latin quercus ‘oak, cork oak’.


word: CORKY
russian_word: пробковый
definition: resembling cork.|(of wine) corked.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːki
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːki
example:
corky lesions on apples|a musty quality in all three bottles tasted caused some judges to call this wine corky


word: CORN
russian_word: кукуруза
example: fields of corn|the film is pure corn
synonyms: grain|cereal|cereal crop
origin: Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch koren and German Korn .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːn
phonetics_text: kɔːn
definition:
the chief cereal crop of a district, especially (in England) wheat or (in Scotland) oats.|something banal or sentimental.


word: CORNCOCKLE
russian_word: куколь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnkɒkl
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnkɒkl
definition:
a pink-flowered Mediterranean plant introduced into Britain, where it became a cornfield weed. It has since been almost eradicated because its poisonous seeds contaminate flour.

origin:
early 18th century: from corn1 + cockle (from Old English coccul ‘corncockle’, perhaps via Latin from Greek kokkos ‘berry’).


word: CORNCRAKE
russian_word: коростель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnkreɪk
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnkreɪk
definition:
a secretive Eurasian crake inhabiting coarse grasslands, with mainly brown streaked plumage and a distinctive double rasping call. Due to changes in agricultural practices it is now much rarer in the British Isles than formerly.


word: CORNED BEEF
russian_word: солонина
origin: early 17th century: corned, in the sense ‘preserved in salt water’, + beef.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːnd ˈbiːf
phonetics_text: kɔːnd ˈbiːf
definition:
beef preserved in brine, chopped and pressed and sold in tins.|beef brisket cured in brine and boiled, typically served cold.


word: CORNEL
russian_word: кизил настоящий
definition: a dogwood, especially of a dwarf variety.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːn(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English (denoting the wood of the cornelian cherry): from Old French corneille, from Latin cornus .


word: CORNER
russian_word: угол
synonyms: district|region|area|section|quarter|part|neck of the woods
origin: Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, based on Latin cornu ‘horn, tip, corner’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɔːnə
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnə
example:
Jan sat at one corner of the table|fountains are discovered in quiet corners and sleepy squares|London doesn't have a corner on film festivals|I didn't wait for the prosecutor to try to get me in a corner|he put a corner kick deep into the heart of the Southampton penalty area|when the bell sounded he turned to go back to his corner

definition:
a place or angle where two sides or edges meet.|a location or area, especially one regarded as secluded or remote.|a position in which one dominates the supply of a particular commodity.|a difficult or awkward situation.|a place kick taken by the attacking side from a corner of the field after the ball has been sent over the byline by a defender.|each of the diagonally opposite ends of the ring, where a contestant rests between rounds.|a triangular cut from the hind end of a side of bacon.


word: CORNERSTONE
russian_word: краеугольный камень
example: a national minimum wage remained the cornerstone of policy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnəstəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnəstəʊn
definition:
an important quality or feature on which a particular thing depends or is based.|a stone that forms the base of a corner of a building, joining two walls.

synonyms:
foundation|basis|keystone|mainspring|mainstay|linchpin|bedrock|fundament|base|key|fundamental principle|main ingredient|central component|centrepiece|core|heart|centre|focus|crux|prop|backbone|anchor


word: CORNFLOWER
russian_word: василек
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnflaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnflaʊə
definition:
a slender Eurasian plant related to the knapweeds, with flowers that are typically a deep, vivid blue.


word: CORNROWS
russian_word: косички
example: the company refused to let her wear cornrows
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnrəʊz
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnrəʊz
definition:
(especially among black people) a style of braiding and plaiting the hair in narrow strips to form geometric patterns on the scalp.


word: CORNSTALK
russian_word: дылда
example: he was keen to recruit someone other than a cornstalk in order to counter the Sydney bias
definition: the stem of a corn plant.|a person born or resident in New South Wales.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnstɔːk
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnstɔːk
origin:
early 19th century: in cornstalk (sense 2) with allusion to the alleged tallness and leanness of native-born Australians.


word: CORNU
russian_word: Корню
origin: late 17th century: from Latin, ‘horn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːnjuː
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːnjuː
definition:
a horn-shaped projection of the thyroid cartilage or of certain bones (such as the hyoid and the coccyx).|either of the two lateral cavities of the uterus, into which the fallopian tubes pass.|each of three elongated parts of the lateral ventricles of the brain.


word: CORNY
russian_word: банальный
example: it sounds corny, but as soon as I saw her I knew she was the one
definition: trite, banal, or mawkishly sentimental.
antonyms: original
origin: 1930s: from an earlier sense ‘rustic, appealing to country folk’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːni
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːni
synonyms:
banal|trite|hackneyed|commonplace|clichéd|predictable|stereotyped|platitudinous|inane|fatuous|vapid|jejune|weak|feeble|tired|stale|overworked|overused|well worn|mawkish|sentimental|sickly|sickly-sweet|cloying|syrupy|sugary|saccharine|honeyed|oversweet|sickening|nauseating|choking|twee|old hat|out of the ark|played out|hacky|cheesy|mushy|slushy|sloppy|schmaltzy|cutesy|cute|gooey|drippy|treacly|icky|sick-making|toe-curling|soppy|cornball|dime-store|sappy|hokey|truistic|bromidic


word: COROLLA
russian_word: венчик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrɒlə
phonetics_text: kəˈrɒlə
definition:
the petals of a flower, typically forming a whorl within the sepals and enclosing the reproductive organs.

origin:
late 17th century (in the sense ‘little crown’): from Latin, diminutive of corona ‘wreath, crown, chaplet’.


word: COROLLARY
russian_word: вывод
definition: a proposition that follows from (and is often appended to) one already proved.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: kəˈrɒləri
phonetics_text: kəˈrɒləri
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin corollarium ‘money paid for a garland or chaplet; gratuity’ (in late Latin ‘deduction’), from corolla, diminutive of corona ‘wreath, crown, chaplet’.


word: CORONAGRAPH
russian_word: коронограф
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrəʊnəɡrɑːf
phonetics_text: kəˈrəʊnəɡrɑːf
definition:
an instrument that blocks out light emitted by the sun's actual surface so that the corona can be observed.


word: CORONATION
russian_word: коронация
example: the Queen's coronation
definition: the ceremony of crowning a sovereign or a sovereign's consort.
synonyms: crowning|enthronement|enthroning|accession to the throne|investiture|anointing|inauguration
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒrəˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kɒrəˈneɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin coronatio(n- ), from coronare ‘to crown, adorn with a garland’, from corona (see crown).


word: CORONAVIRUS
russian_word: коронавирус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrəʊnəˌvʌɪrəs
phonetics_text: kəˈrəʊnəˌvʌɪrəs
definition:
any of a group of RNA viruses that cause a variety of respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological diseases in humans and other animals.

origin:
1960s: from corona1 + virus (with reference to the appearance of the virus, reminiscent of the solar corona, when studied through an electron microscope).


word: CORONER
russian_word: коронер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒr(ə)nə
phonetics_text: ˈkɒr(ə)nə
definition:
an official who holds inquests into violent, sudden, or suspicious deaths, and (in Britain) inquiries into cases of treasure trove.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French coruner, from corune ‘a crown’ (see crown); reflecting the Latin title custos placitorum coronae ‘guardian of the pleas of the Crown’.


word: CORONET
russian_word: корона
synonyms: crown|diadem|tiara|circlet|chaplet|fillet|garland|wreath|coronal
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒr(ə)nɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒr(ə)nɪt
definition:
a small or relatively simple crown, especially as worn by lesser royalty and peers or peeresses.|a ring of bone at the base of a deer's antler.|the band of tissue on the lowest part of a horse's pastern, containing the horn-producing cells from which the hoof grows.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French coronete ‘small crown or garland’, diminutive of corone (see crown).


word: CORPORAL
russian_word: капрал
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːp(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːp(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
a rank of non-commissioned officer in the army, above lance corporal or private first class and below sergeant.|a petty officer who attended solely to police matters, under the master-at-arms.|another term for fallfish.

origin:
mid 16th century: from French, obsolete variant of caporal, from Italian caporale, probably based on Latin corpus, corpor- ‘body (of troops)’, with a change of spelling in Italian due to association with capo ‘head’.


word: CORPORALITY
russian_word: материальность
definition: material or corporeal existence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːpəˈralɪti
phonetics_text: kɔːpəˈralɪti
origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin corporalitas, from Latin corporalis ‘relating to the body’ (see corporal2).


word: CORPORATE
russian_word: корпоративный
example: airlines are very keen on their corporate identity
definition: relating to a large company or group.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːp(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːp(ə)rət
origin:
late 15th century: from Latin corporatus, past participle of corporare ‘form into a body’, from corpus, corpor- ‘body’.


word: CORPORATION
russian_word: корпорация
example: the Cardiff Bay Development Corporation|the City of London Corporation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kɔːpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a large company or group of companies authorized to act as a single entity and recognized as such in law.|a group of people elected to govern a city, town, or borough.|a paunch.

synonyms:
company|firm|business|concern|operation|agency|office|bureau|house|guild|institution|organization|trust|partnership|federation|conglomerate|consortium|syndicate|group|chain|combine|multiple|multinational|outfit|set-up

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin corporatio(n- ), from Latin corporare ‘combine in one body’ (see corporate).


word: CORPORATIVE
russian_word: корпоративный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːp(ə)rətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːp(ə)rətɪv
definition:
relating to or denoting a state, typically a fascist one, organized into corporations representing employers and employees in various trades or professions.


word: CORPOREAL
russian_word: телесный
example: he was frank about his corporeal appetites
definition: relating to a person's body, especially as opposed to their spirit.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kɔːˈpɔːrɪəl
phonetics_text: kɔːˈpɔːrɪəl
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘material’): from late Latin corporealis, from Latin corporeus ‘bodily, physical’, from corpus, corpor- ‘body’.


word: CORPSE
russian_word: труп
example: the corpse of a man lay there
definition: a dead body, especially of a human being rather than an animal.
synonyms: dead body|body|cadaver|carcass|skeleton|remains|relics|stiff|corse
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɔːps
phonetics_text: kɔːps
origin:
Middle English (denoting the living body of a person or animal): alteration of corse by association with Latin corpus, a change which also took place in French (Old French cors becoming corps ). The p was originally silent, as in French; the final e was rare before the 19th century, but now distinguishes corpse from corps .


word: CORPULENCE
russian_word: тучность
example: her corpulence is the butt of every joke
definition: the state of being fat; obesity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːpjʊləns
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːpjʊləns
synonyms:
obesity|fatness|plumpness|stoutness|chubbiness|chunkiness|paunchiness|portliness|roundness|rotundity|burliness|heaviness|fleshiness|meatiness|ample proportions|fat|weight|beer belly|paunch|tubbiness|pudginess|porkiness|beefiness|blubber|podginess|fubsiness|embonpoint


word: CORPULENT
russian_word: тучный
example: a short, somewhat corpulent man
definition: (of a person) fat.
antonyms: thin
origin: late Middle English: from Latin corpulentus, from corpus ‘body’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːpjʊl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːpjʊl(ə)nt
synonyms:
fat|fattish|obese|overweight|plump|portly|stout|chubby|paunchy|beer-bellied|thickset|hefty|heavy|heavyset|burly|bulky|chunky|well padded|well covered|well upholstered|meaty|fleshy|rotund|round|well rounded|broad|broad in the beam|of ample proportions|big|large|gargantuan|elephantine|tubby|pudgy|beefy|porky|roly-poly|blubbery|poddy|podgy|fubsy|lard-arsed|zaftig|corn-fed|nuggety|pyknic|squabby|pursy|abdominous


word: CORPUS
russian_word: тело
example: the Darwinian corpus
synonyms: collection|compilation|body|entity|whole|aggregation|mass
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːpəs
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːpəs
definition:
a collection of written texts, especially the entire works of a particular author or a body of writing on a particular subject.|the main body or mass of a structure.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a human or animal body): from Latin, literally ‘body’. corpus (sense 1) dates from the early 18th century.


word: CORRAL
russian_word: загон для скота
definition: gather together and confine (a group of people or things).|put or keep (livestock) in a corral.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kəˈrɑːl
phonetics_text: kəˈrɑːl
example:
the organizers were corralling the crowd into marching formation|sheep and goats grazed the plains during the day but they were corralled at night

synonyms:
enclose|confine|lock up|shut up|shut in|fence in|pen (in)|rail in|wall in|cage (in)|coop up|mew in|kettle

origin:
late 16th century: from Spanish and Old Portuguese (now curral ), perhaps based on Latin currere ‘to run’. Compare with kraal.


word: CORRECT
russian_word: верный
example: make sure you have been given the correct information
definition: free from error; in accordance with fact or truth.
antonyms: incorrect|wrong
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: kəˈrɛkt
phonetics_text: kəˈrɛkt
synonyms:
right|accurate|true|veracious|exact|precise|unerring|faithful|strict|faultless|flawless|errorless|error-free|perfect|word-perfect|scrupulous|meticulous|on the right track|along the right lines|OK|on the mark|on the beam|on the nail|on the button|spot on|bang on|on the money

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): from Latin correct- ‘made straight, amended’, from the verb corrigere, from cor- ‘together’ + regere ‘guide’. The adjective is via French.


word: CORRECTION
russian_word: коррекция
example: I checked the typing for errors and sent it back for correction
definition: the action or process of correcting something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kəˈrɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
rectifying|rectification|righting|putting right|setting right|putting to rights|amendment|emendation|alteration|altering|adjustment|adjusting|modification|modifying|repair|remedy|resolution|revision|improvement|improving|amelioration|sorting out|clearing up|patching up|ironing out|tweaking|reparation

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin correctio(n- ), from corrigere ‘make straight, bring into order’ (see correct).


word: CORRECTIVE
russian_word: корректив
example: management were informed so that corrective action could be taken
definition: designed to correct or counteract something harmful or undesirable.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kəˈrɛktɪv
phonetics_text: kəˈrɛktɪv
synonyms:
remedial|therapeutic|restorative|curative|reparatory|reparative|rehabilitative|ameliorative|correctional|punitive|penal|disciplinary|disciplinarian|castigatory|reformatory|penitentiary|punitory|castigative

origin:
mid 16th century: from French correctif, -ive or late Latin correctivus, from Latin correct- ‘brought into order’ from the verb corrigere (see correct).


word: CORRECTLY
russian_word: правильно
example: she correctly answered eight questions
definition: in a way that is true, factual or appropriate; accurately.
antonyms: incorrectly|inappropriately
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: kəˈrɛk(t)li
phonetics_text: kəˈrɛk(t)li
synonyms:
accurately|right|rightly|faithfully|unerringly|precisely|exactly|faultlessly|flawlessly|perfectly|without error|without flaws|spot on|bang on|on the money|aright|properly|decorously|with decorum|decently|suitably|fittingly|appropriately|aptly|well|satisfactorily|in a satisfactory manner


word: CORRECTOR
russian_word: корректор
example: a spelling corrector
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrɛktə
phonetics_text: kəˈrɛktə
definition:
a person or thing that corrects something, especially a computer program or electronic device with a specified function.


word: CORRELATE
russian_word: соотносить
example: the study found that success in the educational system correlates highly with class
definition: have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another.
antonyms: contrast
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: mid 17th century (as a noun): back-formation from correlation and correlative.
synonyms:
correspond|agree|tally|match up|tie in|be consistent|be in agreement|be compatible|be consonant|be congruous|be in tune|be in harmony|harmonize|coordinate|dovetail|equate to|relate to|conform to|suit|fit|match|parallel|square|jibe|quadrate


word: CORRELATION
russian_word: корреляция
example: research showed a clear correlation between recession and levels of property crime
definition: a mutual relationship or connection between two or more things.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
connection|association|link|tie-in|tie-up|relation|relationship|interrelationship|interdependence|interconnection|interaction|correspondence|parallel|equivalence|reciprocity|mutuality|concurrence

origin:
mid 16th century: from medieval Latin correlatio(n- ), from cor- ‘together’ + relatio (see relation).


word: CORRESPOND
russian_word: соответствовать
definition: have a close similarity; match or agree almost exactly.|communicate by exchanging letters.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kɒrɪˈspɒnd
phonetics_text: kɒrɪˈspɒnd
example:
the carved heads described in the poem correspond to a drawing of Edgcote House|Margaret corresponded with him until his death

synonyms:
correlate with|agree with|be in agreement with|be consistent with|be compatible with|be consonant with|be congruous with|be in tune with|be in harmony with|accord with|concur with|coincide with|tally with|match up with|tie in with|dovetail with|relate to|equate to|conform to|match|fit|suit|parallel|square|jibe with|quadrate|commensurate|relative|proportional|proportionate|correspondent|comparable|equivalent|equal|consistent|correlated|analogous|complementary|matching|commensurable

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French correspondre, from medieval Latin correspondere, from cor- ‘together’ + Latin respondere (see respond).


word: CORRESPONDENCE
russian_word: переписка
definition: a close similarity, connection, or equivalence.|communication by exchanging letters.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒrɪˈspɒnd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: kɒrɪˈspɒnd(ə)ns
example:
there is a simple correspondence between the distance of a focused object from the eye and the size of its image on the retina|the organization engaged in detailed correspondence with local MPs

synonyms:
correlation|similarity|resemblance|comparability|compatibility|agreement|consistency|congruity|conformity|uniformity|harmony|affinity|accordance|accord|concurrence|coincidence|association|relationship|connection|interaction

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin correspondentia, from correspondent- ‘corresponding’ (see correspondent).


word: CORRESPONDENT
russian_word: корреспондент
example: she wasn't much of a correspondent|a cricket correspondent
synonyms: letter writer|pen pal|communicator|penfriend
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: kɒrɪˈspɒnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kɒrɪˈspɒnd(ə)nt
definition:
a person who writes letters on a regular basis.|a person employed to report for a newspaper or broadcasting organization.

origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from Old French correspondant or medieval Latin correspondent- ‘corresponding’, from the verb correspondere (see correspond).


word: CORRESPONDING MEMBER
russian_word: член-корреспондент
example: at the last meeting, 255 academicians and lesser-ranking corresponding members were elected
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an honorary member of a learned society who has no voice in the society's affairs, especially one living some distance from its headquarters.


word: CORRIDOR
russian_word: коридор
example: his room lay at the very end of the corridor
definition: a long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms.
synonyms: passage|passageway|aisle|gangway|hall|hallway|gallery|arcade|cloister
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒrɪdɔː
phonetics_text: ˈkɒrɪdɔː
origin:
late 16th century (as a military term denoting a strip of land along the outer edge of a ditch, protected by a parapet): from French, from Italian corridore, alteration (by association with corridore ‘runner’) of corridoio ‘running place’, from correre ‘to run’, from Latin currere . The current sense dates from the early 19th century.


word: CORRIE
russian_word: цирк
origin: mid 16th century: from Scottish Gaelic and Irish coire ‘cauldron, hollow’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒri
phonetics_text: ˈkɒri
definition:
(especially in Scotland) a steep-sided hollow at the head of a valley or on a mountainside; a cirque.


word: CORROBORATE
russian_word: подтверждать
example: the witness had corroborated the boy's account of the attack
definition: confirm or give support to (a statement, theory, or finding).
antonyms: contradict
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kəˈrɒbəreɪt
phonetics_text: kəˈrɒbəreɪt
synonyms:
confirm|verify|endorse|ratify|authenticate|validate|certify|support|back up|back|uphold|stand by|bear out|bear witness to|attest to|testify to|vouch for|give credence to|substantiate|sustain|bolster|reinforce|lend weight to

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘make physically stronger’): from Latin corroborat- ‘strengthened’, from the verb corroborare, from cor- ‘together’ + roborare, from robur ‘strength’.


word: CORROBORATION
russian_word: подтверждение
example: there is no independent corroboration for this
definition: evidence which confirms or supports a statement, theory, or finding; confirmation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˌrɒbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kəˌrɒbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
confirmation|verification|attestation|affirmation|ratification|endorsement|accreditation|authentication|validation|certification|documentation|evidence|proof|substantiation|support|backing|bolstering|reinforcement|weight


word: CORROBOREE
russian_word: корробори
origin: from Dharuk garaabara, denoting a style of dancing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrɒbəri
phonetics_text: kəˈrɒbəri
definition:
an Australian Aboriginal dance ceremony which may take the form of a sacred ritual or an informal gathering.


word: CORRODE
russian_word: разъедать
origin: late Middle English: from Latin corrodere, from cor- (expressing intensive force) + rodere ‘gnaw’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kəˈrəʊd
phonetics_text: kəˈrəʊd
example:
acid rain poisons fish and corrodes buildings|the self-centred climate corrodes ideals and concerns about social justice

definition:
destroy or damage (metal, stone, or other materials) slowly by chemical action.|destroy or weaken (something) gradually.

synonyms:
wear away|wear down|eat away (at)|gnaw away (at)|bite into|burn into|burn through|erode|abrade|consume|dissolve|oxidize|oxidate|rust|tarnish|destroy|spoil


word: CORROSIVE
russian_word: коррозийный
example: the corrosive effects of salt water
definition: tending to cause corrosion.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kəˈrəʊsɪv
phonetics_text: kəˈrəʊsɪv
synonyms:
caustic|corroding|eroding|erosive|abrasive|biting|mordant|burning|stinging|acid|alkali|destructive|damaging|harmful|harsh|environmentally unfriendly|consumptive

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French corosif, -ive, from medieval Latin corrosivus, from Latin corros- ‘gnawed through’, from the verb corrodere (see corrode).


word: CORRUGATED
russian_word: гофрированный
example: corrugated cardboard
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒrəɡeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkɒrəɡeɪtɪd
definition:
(of a material or surface) shaped into a series of parallel ridges and grooves so as to give added rigidity and strength.

synonyms:
ridged|fluted|channelled|furrowed|grooved|crimped|folded|crinkled|crinkly|puckered|creased|wrinkled|wrinkly|crumpled|rumpled|striate|striated


word: CORRUPT
russian_word: развращать
antonyms: honest|law-abiding
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: kəˈrʌpt
phonetics_text: kəˈrʌpt
example:
unscrupulous logging companies assisted by corrupt officials|a progressively corrupt magnetic record is usable nonetheless|a corrupt and rotting corpse

definition:
having or showing a willingness to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain.|(of a text or a computer database or program) made unreliable by errors or alterations.|(of organic or inorganic matter) in a state of decay; rotten or putrid.

synonyms:
dishonest|dishonourable|unscrupulous|unprincipled|amoral|untrustworthy|underhand|deceitful|double-dealing|disreputable|discreditable|shameful|scandalous|corruptible|bribable|buyable|venal|fraudulent|swindling|grafting|criminal|lawless|felonious|villainous|nefarious|iniquitous|malfeasant|crooked|shady|tricky|dirty|low-down|rascally|scoundrelly|bent|dodgy|hollow-hearted

origin:
Middle English: from Latin corruptus, past participle of corrumpere ‘mar, bribe, destroy’, from cor- ‘altogether’ + rumpere ‘to break’.


word: CORRUPTIBILITY
russian_word: подкупность
example: a cynical view of the corruptibility of human nature|the corruptibility of control mechanisms
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˌrʌptəˈbɪləti
phonetics_text: kəˌrʌptəˈbɪləti
definition:
the quality of being able to be persuaded to act dishonestly or immorally for personal gain.|ability to be changed or debased through errors or unintentional alterations.


word: CORRUPTION
russian_word: коррупция
antonyms: honesty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrʌpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kəˈrʌpʃ(ə)n
example:
the journalist who wants to expose corruption in high places|a record of a word's corruption|the potato turned black and rotten with corruption

definition:
dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery.|the process by which a word or expression is changed from its original state to one regarded as erroneous or debased.|the process of decay; putrefaction.

synonyms:
dishonesty|dishonest dealings|unscrupulousness|deceit|deception|duplicity|double-dealing|fraud|fraudulence|misconduct|lawbreaking|crime|criminality|delinquency|wrongdoing|villainy|bribery|bribing|subornation|venality|graft|extortion|jobbery|profiteering|payola|crookedness|shadiness|sleaze|palm-greasing|malfeasance|misfeasance|knavery|malversation

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin corruptio(n- ), from corrumpere ‘mar, bribe, destroy’ (see corrupt).


word: CORSAIR
russian_word: корсар
definition: a pirate.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːˈsɛː
phonetics_text: kɔːˈsɛː|ˈkɔːsɛː
synonyms:
pirate|buccaneer|marauder|raider|plunderer|freebooter|privateer|picaroon|filibuster|sea dog|sea rover|rover|reaver|scummer|marooner|sea thief|sea robber|sea wolf|sea rat|water rat

origin:
mid 16th century: from French corsaire, from medieval Latin cursarius, from cursus ‘a raid, plunder’, special use of Latin cursus ‘course’, from currere ‘to run’.


word: CORSET
russian_word: корсет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːsɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːsɪt
definition:
a woman's tightly fitting undergarment extending from below the chest to the hips, worn to shape the figure.

synonyms:
girdle|panty girdle|foundation garment|foundation|support garment|corselette|roll-on|waspie|truss|stays

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, diminutive of cors ‘body’, from Latin corpus . The sense ‘close-fitting undergarment’ dates from the late 18th century, by which time the sense ‘bodice’ had mainly historical reference.


word: CORTICAL
russian_word: корковый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːtɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːtɪk(ə)l
example:
the imaging of the brain showed cortical atrophy|a probe was inserted into cortical cells of cotton roots

definition:
relating to the outer layer of the cerebrum.|relating to or forming an outer layer of tissue immediately below the epidermis of a stem or root.


word: CORTICOSTEROID
russian_word: кортикостероид
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɔːtɪkəʊˈstɪərɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˌkɔːtɪkəʊˈstɪərɔɪd|ˌkɔːtɪkəʊˈstɛrɔɪd
definition:
any of a group of steroid hormones produced in the adrenal cortex or made synthetically. There are two kinds: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. They have various metabolic functions and some are used to treat inflammation.


word: CORTISONE
russian_word: кортизон
origin: 1940s: from elements of its chemical name 17-hydroxy-11-dehydrocorticosterone .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːtɪzəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːtɪzəʊn
definition:
a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. One of the glucocorticoids, it is also made synthetically for use as an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergy agent.


word: CORUSCATING
russian_word: блистающий
example: a coruscating kaleidoscope of colours|his coruscating attack on the Prime Minister
definition: flashing; sparkling.|severely critical; scathing.
antonyms: dull|matte
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒrəskeɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkɒrəskeɪtɪŋ
synonyms:
sparkling|shining|bright|brilliant|gleaming|glittering|twinkling|scintillating|flashing|shimmering|shimmery|scintillant


word: CORVINA
russian_word: Корвина
origin: Italian (feminine adjective), literally ‘raven-black’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɔːˈviːnə
phonetics_text: kɔːˈviːnə
definition:
a variety of wine grape native to the Veneto region of north-eastern Italy, used to make Valpolicella and Bardolino.


word: CORYMB
russian_word: щиток
example: this hybrid produces beautiful corymbs of white, pink-budded flowers
origin: early 18th century: from French corymbe or Latin corymbus, from Greek korumbos ‘cluster’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒrɪmb
phonetics_text: ˈkɒrɪmb
definition:
a flower cluster whose lower stalks are proportionally longer so that the flowers form a flat or slightly convex head.


word: COSECANT
russian_word: косеканс
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈsiːk(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kəʊˈsiːk(ə)nt|kəʊˈsɛk(ə)nt
definition:
the ratio of the hypotenuse (in a right-angled triangle) to the side opposite an acute angle; the reciprocal of sine.

origin:
early 18th century: from modern Latin cosecant-, from co- ‘mutually’ + Latin secant- ‘cutting’ (from the verb secare ). Compare with secant.


word: COSEISMAL
russian_word: косейсмический
definition: relating to or denoting points on the earth's surface affected by an earthquake simultaneously.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kəʊˈsʌɪzm(ə)l
phonetics_text: kəʊˈsʌɪzm(ə)l
origin:
mid 19th century: from co- ‘jointly’ + seismal (from Greek seismos ‘earthquake’, from seien ‘to shake’).


word: COSET
russian_word: смежный класс
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəʊsɛt
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊsɛt
definition:
a set composed of all the products obtained by multiplying each element of a subgroup in turn by one particular element of the group containing the subgroup.


word: COSINE
russian_word: косинус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəʊsʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊsʌɪn
definition:
the trigonometric function that is equal to the ratio of the side adjacent to an acute angle (in a right-angled triangle) to the hypotenuse.


word: COSMETIC
russian_word: косметический
example: cosmetic surgery|the reform package was merely a cosmetic exercise
antonyms: fundamental|structural
synonyms: beautifying|improving|non-medical|non-essential|inessential|not required|gratuitous|optional
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kɒzˈmɛtɪk
phonetics_text: kɒzˈmɛtɪk
definition:
relating to treatment intended to restore or improve a person's appearance.|affecting only the appearance of something rather than its substance.

origin:
early 17th century (as a noun denoting the art of beautifying the body): from French cosmétique, from Greek kosmētikos, from kosmein ‘arrange or adorn’, from kosmos ‘order or adornment’.


word: COSMOGONY
russian_word: космогония
definition: the branch of science that deals with the origin of the universe, especially the solar system.
origin: late 17th century: from Greek kosmogonia, from kosmos ‘order or world’ + -gonia ‘-begetting’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒzˈmɒɡəni
phonetics_text: kɒzˈmɒɡəni
example:
today the central questions of cosmology and cosmogony are being explored within the framework of the Big Bang theory


word: COSMOGRAPHY
russian_word: космография
example: he published a series of elementary textbooks on cosmography, trigonometry, and astronomy (1651)
definition: the branch of science which deals with the general features of the universe, including the earth.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kɒzˈmɒɡrəfi
phonetics_text: kɒzˈmɒɡrəfi
origin:
late Middle English: from French cosmographie, or via late Latin from Greek kosmographia, from kosmos (see cosmos1) + -graphia ‘writing’.


word: COSSACK
russian_word: казак
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒsak
phonetics_text: ˈkɒsak
definition:
a member of a people of Ukraine and southern Russia, noted for their horsemanship and military skill.

origin:
from Russian kazak from Turkic, ‘vagabond, nomad’; later influenced by French Cosaque (see also Kazakh).


word: COSSET
russian_word: ласкать
example: all her life she'd been cosseted by her family
definition: care for and protect in an overindulgent way.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkɒsɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkɒsɪt
synonyms:
pamper|indulge|overindulge|mollycoddle|coddle|baby|pet|mother|nanny|nursemaid|pander to|spoon-feed|overparent|spoil|wait on someone hand and foot|cater to someone's every whim|kill with kindness|wrap in cotton wool|feather-bed|cocker

origin:
mid 16th century (as a noun denoting a lamb brought up by hand, later a spoiled child): probably from Anglo-Norman French coscet ‘cottager’, from Old English cotsǣta ‘cottar’.


word: COST
russian_word: стоимость
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kɒst
phonetics_text: kɒst
example:
each issue of the magazine costs £1|it is their job to plan and cost a media schedule for the campaign

definition:
(of an object or action) require the payment of (a specified sum of money) before it can be acquired or done.|estimate the price of.

synonyms:
be priced at|sell for|be valued at|fetch|come to|amount to|be|set someone back|go for|knock someone back

origin:
Middle English: from Old French coust (noun), couster (verb), based on Latin constare ‘stand firm, stand at a price’.


word: COSTLY
russian_word: дорогостоящий
example: major problems requiring costly repairs
definition: costing a lot; expensive.
antonyms: cheap|inexpensive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɒs(t)li
phonetics_text: ˈkɒs(t)li
synonyms:
expensive|dear|high-cost|high-priced|highly priced|big-budget|overpriced|exorbitant|extortionate|immoderate|extravagant|lavish|rich|deluxe|choice|fine|exquisite|valuable|priceless|worth its weight in gold|worth a king's ransom|upmarket|over the odds|steep|pricey


word: COSTUME
russian_word: костюм
example: authentic Elizabethan costumes
definition: a set of clothes in a style typical of a particular country or historical period.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɒstjuːm
phonetics_text: ˈkɒstjuːm
synonyms:
outfit|ensemble|suit|dress|clothing|attire|garb|uniform|livery|array|regalia|clothes|garments|robes|get-up|gear|togs|garms|duds|glad rags|clobber|kit|strip|rig-out|threads|apparel|raiment|habiliments|vestments|vesture|habit

origin:
early 18th century: from French, from Italian costume ‘custom, fashion, habit’, from Latin consuetudo (see custom).


word: COSY
russian_word: уютный
example: the flickering lamp gave the room a cosy lived-in air
definition: giving a feeling of comfort, warmth, and relaxation.
antonyms: uncomfortable
origin: early 18th century (originally Scots): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkəʊzi
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊzi
synonyms:
snug|comfortable|warm|restful|home-like|homey|cheerful|welcoming|pleasant|agreeable|safe|sheltered|secure|at ease|mellow|homely|down-home|homestyle|comfy|snug as a bug (in a rug)|snuggly


word: COTANGENT
russian_word: котангенс
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈtandʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kəʊˈtandʒ(ə)nt
definition:
(in a right-angled triangle) the ratio of the side (other than the hypotenuse) adjacent to a particular acute angle to the side opposite the angle.


word: COTERIE
russian_word: кружок
example: a coterie of friends and advisers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəʊt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊt(ə)ri
definition:
a small group of people with shared interests or tastes, especially one that is exclusive of other people.

synonyms:
clique|set|circle|inner circle|crowd|in-crowd|gang|band|pack|crew|clan|club|fellowship|brotherhood|fraternity|sorority|sect|camp|community|league|alliance|faction|cabal|junta|caucus|syndicate|nucleus|cell|push

origin:
early 18th century: from French, earlier denoting an association of tenants, based on Middle Low German kote ‘cote’.


word: COTILLION
russian_word: котильон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈtɪljən
phonetics_text: kəˈtɪljən
definition:
an elaborate 18th-century French dance based on the contredanse.|a formal ball, especially one at which debutantes are presented.

origin:
early 18th century: from French cotillon, literally ‘petticoat dance’, diminutive of cotte, from Old French cote .


word: COTONEASTER
russian_word: кизильник
origin: mid 18th century: modern Latin, from Latin cotoneum (see quince) + -aster.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˌtəʊnɪˈastə
phonetics_text: kəˌtəʊnɪˈastə
definition:
a small-leaved shrub of the rose family, cultivated as a hedging plant or for its bright red berries which often remain on the plant throughout the winter.


word: COTTAGE
russian_word: коттедж
example: a holiday cottage
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French cotage and Anglo-Latin cotagium, from cot2 or cote.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkɒtɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈkɒtɪdʒ
definition:
a small house, typically one in the country.|(in the context of casual homosexual encounters) a public toilet.


word: COTTONMOUTH
russian_word: щитомордник
example: I often have cotton mouth and a headache when I wake up
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒt(ə)nməʊθ
phonetics_text: ˈkɒt(ə)nməʊθ
definition:
a large, dangerous semiaquatic pit viper that inhabits lowland swamps and waterways of the south-eastern US. When threatening it opens its mouth wide to display the white interior.|dryness of the mouth.


word: COTTONWEED
russian_word: сушеница
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒtənwiːd
phonetics_text: ˈkɒtənwiːd
definition:
a yellow-flowered aromatic plant of the daisy family, with silvery felted leaves and stems. It grows on sandy beaches, chiefly in southern and western Europe.


word: COTTONWOOD
russian_word: тополь трехгранный
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɒt(ə)nwʊd
phonetics_text: ˈkɒt(ə)nwʊd
definition:
a North American poplar with seeds covered in white cottony hairs.|any of a number of downy-leaved Australasian shrubs.


word: COTYLEDON
russian_word: семядоля
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkɒtɪˈliːd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌkɒtɪˈliːd(ə)n
definition:
an embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants, one or more of which are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed.|a succulent plant of the stonecrop family, some kinds of which are grown as ornamentals.

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a patch of villi on the placenta of mammals): from Latin, ‘navelwort’ (which has cup-shaped leaves), from Greek kotulēdōn ‘cup-shaped cavity’, from kotulē ‘cup’.


word: COUCH
russian_word: кушетка
example: I sat in an armchair and they sat on the couch
definition: a long upholstered piece of furniture for several people to sit on.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kaʊtʃ
phonetics_text: kaʊtʃ
synonyms:
settee|sofa|divan|chaise longue|chesterfield|love seat|settle|ottoman|put-you-up|day bed|davenport|studio couch|sectional|canapé|tête-à-tête|squab

origin:
Middle English (as a noun denoting something to sleep on; as a verb in the sense ‘lay something down’): from Old French couche (noun), coucher (verb), from Latin collocare ‘place together’ (see collocate).


word: COUCHING
russian_word: коучинг
example: cataracts were not removed but treated with couching
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊtʃɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊtʃɪŋ
definition:
the process of treating a cataract by pushing the lens of the eye downwards and backwards, out of line with the pupil.


word: COUGH
russian_word: кашель
example: he tried to speak and started to cough
definition: expel air from the lungs with a sudden sharp sound.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kɒf
phonetics_text: kɒf
origin:
Middle English: of imitative origin; related to Dutch kuchen ‘to cough’ and German keuchen ‘to pant’.


word: COUGH UP
russian_word: пробалтываться
example: he coughed up the monthly subscription fee to continue with the service
definition: give something reluctantly, especially money or information that is due or required.
synonyms:
pay|pay up|pay out|come up with|hand over|part with|defray the cost of|foot the bill|settle up|fork out|shell out|dish out|lay out|come across with|stump up|make with|ante up|pony up


word: COULOMB
russian_word: кулон
origin: late 19th century: named after Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1736–1806), French military engineer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkuːlɒm
phonetics_text: ˈkuːlɒm
definition:
the SI unit of electric charge, equal to the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere.


word: COUMARIN
russian_word: кумарин
definition: a vanilla-scented compound found in many plants, formerly used for flavouring food.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkuːmərɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkuːmərɪn
origin:
mid 19th century: from French coumarine, from coumarou, via Portuguese and Spanish from Tupi cumarú ‘tonka bean’.


word: COUMARONE
russian_word: кумарон
origin: late 19th century: from coumarin + -one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkuːmərəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈkuːmərəʊn
definition:
an organic compound present in coal tar, used to make thermoplastic resins for paints and varnishes.


word: COUNCIL
russian_word: совет
example: an official human rights council
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊns(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊns(ə)l
definition:
an advisory, deliberative, or administrative body of people formally constituted and meeting regularly.

synonyms:
advisory body|advisory group|board|board of directors|committee|commission|assembly|panel|trustees|delegates|delegation|synod|convocation|chapter

origin:
Old English (in the sense ‘ecclesiastical assembly’): from Anglo-Norman French cuncile, from Latin concilium ‘convocation, assembly’, from con- ‘together’ + calare ‘summon’. Compare with counsel.


word: COUNSEL
russian_word: адвокат
definition: advice, especially that given formally.|a barrister or other legal adviser conducting a case.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkaʊns(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊns(ə)l
example:
with wise counsel a couple can buy a home that will be appreciating in value|the counsel for the defence

synonyms:
advice|guidance|direction|instruction|information|enlightenment|recommendations|suggestions|hints|tips|pointers|guidelines|ideas|opinions|views|facts|data|warning|admonition|caution

origin:
Middle English: via Old French counseil (noun), conseiller (verb), from Latin consilium ‘consultation, advice’, related to consulere (see consult). Compare with council.


word: COUNSELLING
russian_word: консультирование
example: bereavement counselling
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊns(ə)lɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊns(ə)lɪŋ
definition:
the provision of professional assistance and guidance in resolving personal or psychological problems.


word: COUNSELLOR
russian_word: консультант
example: a marriage counsellor|a counsellor at the Russian embassy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊns(ə)lə
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊns(ə)lə
definition:
a person trained to give guidance on personal or psychological problems.|a senior officer in the diplomatic service.|a barrister.|a supervisor at a children's summer camp.

synonyms:
adviser|consultant|guide|mentor|confidant|confidante|instructor|coach|teacher|tutor|guru|expert|specialist|therapist|guidance counsellor|psychologist|psychiatrist|analyst|psychotherapist|mind doctor|head doctor|healer|shrink|trick cyclist|head shrinker

origin:
Middle English (in the general sense ‘adviser’): from Old French conseiller, from Latin consiliarius, and Old French conseillour, from Latin consiliator, both from consilium ‘consultation or advice’.


word: COUNT
russian_word: считать
definition: determine the total number of (a collection of items).|take into account; include.|be significant.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kaʊnt
phonetics_text: kaʊnt
example:
I started to count the stars I could see|the staff has shrunk to four, or five if you count the European director|it did not matter what the audience thought—it was the critics that counted

synonyms:
add up|add together|find the sum of|sum up|reckon up|figure up|calculate|compute|enumerate|total|tally|add|tot up|cast up|keep a tally of|keep a count of|keep a record of|count up|count off|tell|work out

origin:
Middle English (as a noun): from Old French counte (noun), counter (verb), from the verb computare ‘calculate’ (see compute).


word: COUNTENANCE
russian_word: лицо
definition: a person's face or facial expression.|support or approval.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkaʊnt(ə)nəns
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊnt(ə)nəns
example:
his impenetrable eyes and inscrutable countenance give little away|she was giving her specific countenance to the occasion

synonyms:
face|features|physiognomy|profile|facial expression|expression|look|appearance|aspect|mien|mug|clock|mush|dial|phizog|phiz|boat race|coupon|bake|puss|pan|visage|lineaments|front

origin:
Middle English: from Old French contenance ‘bearing, behaviour’, from contenir (see contain). The early sense was ‘bearing, demeanour’, also ‘facial expression’, hence ‘the face’.


word: COUNTER
russian_word: счетчик
example: the counter tells you how many pictures you have taken
synonyms: token|chip|disc|jetton|piece|man|marker|wafer|check
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊntə
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntə
definition:
a long flat-topped fitment across which business is conducted in a shop or bank or refreshments are served in a cafeteria.|a small disc used in board games for keeping the score or as a place marker.|a device used for counting.

origin:
Middle English (in counter1 (sense 2)): from Old French conteor, from medieval Latin computatorium, from Latin computare (see compute).


word: COUNTERACT
russian_word: противодействовать
example: should we deliberately intervene in the climate system to counteract global warming?
definition: act against (something) in order to reduce its force or neutralize it.
antonyms: encourage|enhance|exacerbate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kaʊntərˈakt
phonetics_text: kaʊntərˈakt
synonyms:
prevent|thwart|frustrate|foil|impede|curb|restrain|forestall|hinder|hamper|balk|oppose|act against|stall|check|resist|withstand|defeat|put a stop to|bring an end to|fend off|ward off|stave off|head off|offset|counterbalance|balance|balance out|cancel out|even out|counterpoise|countervail|compensate for|make up for|remedy|neutralize|nullify|annul|negate|invalidate|counterweigh|equilibrize|negative


word: COUNTER-ATTRACTION
russian_word: отвлекающее средство
definition: a rival attraction.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊnt(ə)rətrakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊnt(ə)rətrakʃ(ə)n
example:
it is a pity that this book may not triumph over the counter-attractions on the booksellers' shelves


word: COUNTERCHANGE
russian_word: разнообразить
example: a sudden splendour counterchanged the level lake with diamond-plots of dark and bright
definition: chequer with contrasting colours.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊntətʃeɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntətʃeɪn(d)ʒ
origin:
late Middle English (as a heraldic term): from French contrechanger, from contre (expressing substitution) + changer ‘to change’.


word: COUNTERFEIT
russian_word: подделка
example: counterfeit £10 notes
definition: made in exact imitation of something valuable with the intention to deceive or defraud.
antonyms: genuine
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkaʊntəfɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntəfɪt|ˈkaʊntəfiːt
synonyms:
fake|faked|copied|forged|feigned|simulated|sham|spurious|bogus|imitation|substitute|dummy|ersatz|knock-off|pirate|pirated|phoney|pseud|pseudo|cod

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): from Anglo-Norman French countrefeter, from Old French contrefait, past participle of contrefaire, from Latin contra- ‘in opposition’ + facere ‘make’.


word: COUNTERMAND
russian_word: отменять
example: an order to arrest the strike leaders had been countermanded
definition: revoke or cancel (an order).
antonyms: uphold
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˌkaʊntəˈmɑːnd
phonetics_text: ˌkaʊntəˈmɑːnd
synonyms:
revoke|rescind|reverse|undo|repeal|retract|withdraw|take back|abrogate|abolish|quash|scrap|override|overturn|overrule|do away with|set aside|cancel|annul|invalidate|nullify|negate|veto|declare null and void|back-pedal on|backtrack on|do a U-turn on|disaffirm|discharge|avoid|vacate|vitiate|axe|ditch|dump|knock on the head|recall|disannul

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French contremander (verb), contremand (noun), from medieval Latin contramandare, from contra- ‘against’ + mandare ‘to order’.


word: COUNTERPANE
russian_word: стеганое покрывало
definition: a bedspread.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊntəpeɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntəpeɪn
synonyms:
bedspread|cover|coverlet|throw-over|blanket|afghan|quilt|eiderdown|bedcover|throw|spread|comforter|kaross

origin:
early 17th century: alteration of counterpoint, from Old French contrepointe, based on medieval Latin culcitra puncta ‘quilted mattress’ ( puncta, literally meaning ‘pricked’, from the verb pungere ). The change in the ending was due to association with pane in an obsolete sense ‘cloth’.


word: COUNTERPART
russian_word: коллега
example: the minister held talks with his French counterpart
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊntəpɑːt
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntəpɑːt
definition:
a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another person or thing in a different place or situation.|one of two copies of a legal document.

synonyms:
equivalent|opposite number|peer|equal|parallel|complement|match|twin|mate|fellow|brother|sister|analogue|correlative|copy|duplicate|compeer|coequal


word: COUNTERPROPOSAL
russian_word: контрпредложение
example: the union rejected the airline's counterproposal
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊntəprəˌpəʊz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntəprəˌpəʊz(ə)l
definition:
an alternative proposal made in response to a previous proposal that is regarded as unacceptable or unsatisfactory.


word: COUNTERSHAFT
russian_word: промежуточный вал
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊntəʃɑːft
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntəʃɑːft
definition:
a machine driveshaft that transmits motion from the main shaft to where it is required, such as the drive axle in a vehicle.


word: COUNTERSTAIN
russian_word: контрастирующая окраска
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkaʊntəˌsteɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntəˌsteɪn
definition:
an additional dye used in a microscopy specimen to produce a contrasting background or to make clearer the distinction between different kinds of tissue.


word: COUNTLESS
russian_word: бесчисленный
example: she'd apologized countless times before
definition: too many to be counted; very many.
antonyms: few
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkaʊntləs
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊntləs
synonyms:
innumerable|untold|legion|numberless|unnumbered|numerous|very many|manifold|multitudinous|multifarious|a great number of|incalculable numbers of|immeasurable numbers of|endless numbers of|infinite numbers of|a multitude of|a multiplicity of|more than one can count|too many to be counted|umpteen|no end of|loads of|stacks of|heaps of|masses of|oodles of|bags of|scads of|zillions of|a slew of|a bunch of|gazillions of|bazillions of|lank|myriad|divers|innumerous|unnumberable


word: COUNT OUT
russian_word: не принимать во внимание
example:
if this is a guessing game you can count me out|Jeffries landed a left hook to the jaw and Fitz was counted out|opening the wallet I counted out 19 dollars

definition:
not include someone in an activity.|complete a count of ten seconds over a fallen boxer to indicate defeat.|take items one by one from a stock of something, especially money, keeping a note of how many one takes.

synonyms:
exclude|omit|leave out|rule out|except|reject|drop|eliminate|cut out|keep out|pass over|disregard|ignore


word: COUNTRY
russian_word: страна
antonyms: city
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌntri
phonetics_text: ˈkʌntri
example:
the country's increasingly precarious economic position|the airfield is right out in the country|a tract of wild country

definition:
a nation with its own government, occupying a particular territory.|districts and small settlements outside large urban areas or the capital.|an area or region with regard to its physical features.|short for country music.

synonyms:
state|nation|sovereign state|kingdom|realm|territory|province|principality|palatinate|duchy|empire|commonwealth|homeland|native land|native soil|fatherland|motherland|mother country|country of origin|birthplace|the land of one's birth|the land of one's fathers|the old country|one's roots|one's home

origin:
Middle English: from Old French cuntree, from medieval Latin contrata (terra) ‘(land) lying opposite’, from Latin contra ‘against, opposite’.


word: COUNTRY DANCE
russian_word: контрданс
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a traditional type of social English dance, in particular one performed by couples facing each other in long lines.


word: COUNTRYSIDE
russian_word: сельская местность
example: they explored the surrounding countryside
definition: the land and scenery of a rural area.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌntrɪsʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkʌntrɪsʌɪd
synonyms:
landscape|scenery|surroundings|setting|environment|terrain|land|country|parts|a rural area|a rural district|farmland|agricultural land|the country|the green belt|the great outdoors|the provinces|the backwoods|the wilds|the wilderness|the hinterland|the outback|the bush|the back country|the booay|the backveld|the platteland|the sticks|the back of beyond|the middle of nowhere|the boondocks|the boonies|the tall timbers|hicksville|Woop Woop|beyond the black stump


word: COUNTRYWOMAN
russian_word: землячка
example: Simpson and her fellow countrywomen head to Perth|she was a countrywoman through and through
definition: a woman from the same country as someone else.|a woman living or born in a rural area.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌntrɪˌwʊmən
phonetics_text: ˈkʌntrɪˌwʊmən
synonyms:
farmer|farmhand|country dweller|country cousin|daughter of the soil|rustic|yokel|bumpkin|peasant|provincial|paysanne|muzhika|kulaka|campesina|paisana|contadina|fellah|ryot|culchie|hayseed|hick|hillbilly|rube|bushy|bucolic|countryfolk


word: COUNTY
russian_word: округ
example: one of the most attractive towns in the county
definition: a territorial division of some countries, forming the chief unit of local administration.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊnti
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊnti
synonyms:
shire|province|territory|administrative unit|sector|department|state|region|district|area|zone|demesne

origin:
Middle English: from Old French conte, from Latin comitatus, from comes, comit- (see count2). The word seems first to have denoted a periodical meeting held to transact shire business.


word: COUNTY PALATINE
russian_word: пфальцграфство
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: see palatine1.
definition:
(in England and Ireland) a county in which royal privileges and exclusive rights of jurisdiction were held by its earl or lord.


word: COUP
russian_word: удачный ход
example: he was overthrown in an army coup|it was a major coup to get such a prestigious contract
antonyms: election
origin: late 18th century: from French, from medieval Latin colpus ‘blow’ (see cope1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kuː
phonetics_text: kuː
definition:
a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government.|an instance of successfully achieving something difficult.|a direct pocketing of the cue ball, which is a foul stroke.|(among some North American Indian peoples) an act of touching an armed enemy in battle as a deed of bravery, or an act of first touching an item of the enemy's in order to claim it.

synonyms:
seizure of power|overthrow|takeover|ousting|deposition|regime change|bloodless coup|palace revolution|rebellion|revolt|insurrection|mutiny|revolution|insurgence|insurgency|rising|rioting|riot|coup d'état|jacquerie|putsch


word: COUPLE
russian_word: пара
antonyms: several
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkʌp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkʌp(ə)l
example:
a couple of girls were playing marbles|in three weeks the couple fell in love and became engaged|he hoped she'd be better in a couple of days

definition:
two people or things of the same sort considered together.|two people who are married or otherwise closely associated romantically or sexually.|an indefinite small number.

synonyms:
pair|duo|duology|twosome|set of two|match|doublets|twins|brace|span|yoke|two|two of a kind|duplet|dyad|duad|doubleton|twain

origin:
Middle English: from Old French cople (noun), copler (verb), from Latin copula (noun), copulare (verb), from co- ‘together’ + apere ‘fasten’. Compare with copula and copulate.


word: COUPON
russian_word: купон
example: he had a big beaming smile on his coupon
synonyms: form|tear-off slip|entry form|application form
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkuːpɒn
phonetics_text: ˈkuːpɒn
definition:
a voucher entitling the holder to a discount off a particular product.|a form in a newspaper or magazine which may be sent as an application for a purchase or information.|a person's face.

origin:
early 19th century (denoting a detachable portion of a stock certificate): from French, literally ‘piece cut off’, from couper ‘cut’, from Old French colper (see cope1).


word: COURAGE
russian_word: мужество
example: she called on all her courage to face the ordeal
definition: the ability to do something that frightens one; bravery.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌrɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈkʌrɪdʒ
origin:
Middle English (denoting the heart, as the seat of feelings): from Old French corage, from Latin cor ‘heart’.


word: COURAGEOUS
russian_word: смелый
example: her courageous human rights work
definition: not deterred by danger or pain; brave.
antonyms: cowardly|timid
origin: Middle English: from Old French corageus, from corage (see courage).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kəˈreɪdʒəs
phonetics_text: kəˈreɪdʒəs
synonyms:
brave|plucky|fearless|valiant|valorous|intrepid|heroic|lionhearted|manful|bold|daring|daredevil|adventurous|audacious|undaunted|unflinching|unshrinking|unafraid|dauntless|indomitable|doughty|mettlesome|venturesome|stout-hearted|stout|spirited|gallant|stalwart|resolute|determined|death-or-glory|rock-ribbed|game|gutsy|spunky|ballsy|have-a-go|venturous


word: COURGETTE
russian_word: кабачок
example: slices of courgette
origin: 1930s: from French, diminutive of courge ‘gourd’, from Latin cucurbita .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kʊəˈʒɛt
phonetics_text: kʊəˈʒɛt
definition:
the immature fruit of a vegetable marrow, in particular one of a variety developed for harvesting and eating at an early stage of growth.


word: COURIER
russian_word: курьер
example: the cheque was dispatched by courier|he worked as a courier on a package holiday to Majorca
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkʊrɪə
phonetics_text: ˈkʊrɪə
definition:
a company or employee of a company that transports commercial packages and documents.|a person employed to guide and assist a group of tourists.

synonyms:
messenger|special messenger|dispatch rider|letter carrier|mail carrier|runner|bearer|message bearer|message carrier|delivery man|delivery woman|conveyor|envoy|emissary|harbinger|herald|pursuivant|forerunner|legate|estafette

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a person sent to run with a message): originally from Old French coreor ; later from French courier (now courrier ), from Italian corriere ; based on Latin currere ‘to run’.


word: COURSE
russian_word: курс
origin: Middle English: from Old French cours, from Latin cursus, from curs- ‘run’, from the verb currere .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɔːs
phonetics_text: kɔːs
example:
the road adopts a tortuous course along the coast|guests are offered a choice of main course|a business studies course

definition:
the route or direction followed by a ship, aircraft, road, or river.|a dish, or a set of dishes served together, forming one of the successive parts of a meal.|an area of land set aside and prepared for racing, golf, or another sport.|a series of lectures or lessons in a particular subject, leading to an examination or qualification.|a continuous horizontal layer of brick, stone, or other material in a wall.|a pursuit of game (especially hares) with greyhounds by sight rather than scent.|a sail on the lowest yards of a square-rigged ship.|a set of adjacent strings on a guitar, lute, etc., tuned to the same note.

synonyms:
route|way|track|direction|tack|path|line|journey|itinerary|channel|trail|trajectory|flight path|bearing|heading|orbit|circuit|beat|round|run


word: COURSEWORK
russian_word: курсовые
example: GCSE coursework
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːswəːk
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːswəːk
definition:
written or practical work done by a student during a course of study, usually assessed in order to count towards a final mark or grade.


word: COURT
russian_word: суд
example: she will take the matter to court|a squash court|the emperor is shown with his court
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kɔːt
phonetics_text: kɔːt
definition:
a body of people presided over by a judge, judges, or magistrate, and acting as a tribunal in civil and criminal cases.|a quadrangular area, either open or covered, marked out for ball games such as tennis or squash.|the courtiers, retinue, and household of a sovereign.|the qualified members of a company or a corporation.

synonyms:
court of law|law court|bench|bar|court of justice|judicature|tribunal|forum|chancery|assizes|courtroom|palais de justice

origin:
Middle English: from Old French cort, from Latin cohors, cohort- ‘yard or retinue’. The verb is influenced by Old Italian corteare, Old French courtoyer . Compare with cohort.


word: COURTEOUS
russian_word: вежливый
example: she was courteous and obliging to all
definition: polite, respectful, or considerate in manner.
antonyms: discourteous|rude
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkəːtɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈkəːtɪəs
synonyms:
polite|well mannered|civil|respectful|deferential|well behaved|well bred|gentlemanly|chivalrous|gallant|ladylike|genteel|cultivated|gracious|obliging|kind|considerate|pleasant|cordial|genial|affable|thoughtful|urbane|well brought up|well spoken|formal|proper|polished|refined|decorous|courtly|civilized|tactful|discreet|diplomatic|decent|mannerly

origin:
Middle English (meaning ‘having manners fit for a royal court’): from Old French corteis, based on Latin cohors ‘yard, retinue’ (see court). The change in the ending in the 16th century was due to association with words ending in -eous.


word: COURTESY
russian_word: вежливость
example: he treated the players with courtesy and good humour
definition: the showing of politeness in one's attitude and behaviour towards others.|a curtsy.
antonyms: discourtesy|rudeness
origin: Middle English: from Old French cortesie, from corteis (see courteous).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəːtɪsi
phonetics_text: ˈkəːtɪsi
synonyms:
politeness|courteousness|good manners|civility|respect|respectfulness|deference|chivalry|gallantry|good breeding|gentility|graciousness|kindness|consideration|thought|thoughtfulness|cordiality|geniality|affability|urbanity|polish|refinement|courtliness|decorousness|tact|discretion|diplomacy|decency|couth


word: COURTIER
russian_word: придворный
definition: a person who attends a royal court as a companion or adviser to the king or queen.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːtɪə
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːtɪə
synonyms:
attendant|retainer|companion|adviser|aide|henchman|follower|lady-in-waiting|lady of the bedchamber|cup-bearer|steward|train-bearer|lord|lady|noble|equerry|page|squire|liegeman

origin:
Middle English: via Anglo-Norman French from Old French cortoyer ‘be present at court’, from cort (see court).


word: COURTLY
russian_word: вежливый
example: he gave a courtly bow
definition: very polite or refined, as befitting a royal court.
antonyms: uncouth
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkɔːtli
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːtli
synonyms:
refined|polished|cultivated|cultured|civilized|stylish|elegant|sophisticated|urbane|suave|debonair|polite|civil|courteous|gracious|well mannered|well bred|chivalrous|gallant|gentlemanly|ladylike|honourable|genteel|aristocratic|dignified|decorous|formal|ceremonious|stately|proper|couth|gentle


word: COURTYARD
russian_word: двор
synonyms: yard|court|quadrangle|square|close|enclosure|precinct|plaza|patio|piazza|cloister|arcade|lapa|quad
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔːtjɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈkɔːtjɑːd
definition:
an unroofed area that is completely or partially enclosed by walls or buildings, typically one forming part of a castle or large house.


word: COUSCOUS
russian_word: кускус
definition: a type of North African semolina in granules made from crushed durum wheat.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʊskʊs
phonetics_text: ˈkʊskʊs|ˈkuːskuːs
origin:
early 17th century: from French, from Arabic kuskus, from kaskasa ‘to pound’, probably of Berber origin.


word: COUTURE
russian_word: мода
example: designer ready-to-wear has taken over from couture as the focus of interest
origin: 1920s: French, ‘sewing, dressmaking’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kuːˈtjʊə
phonetics_text: kuːˈtjʊə
definition:
the design and manufacture of fashionable clothes to a client's specific requirements and measurements.


word: COVARIANCE
russian_word: ковариационная
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈvɛːrɪəns
phonetics_text: kəʊˈvɛːrɪəns
definition:
the property of a function of retaining its form when the variables are linearly transformed.|the mean value of the product of the deviations of two variates from their respective means.


word: COVARIANT
russian_word: ковариант
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: kəʊˈvɛːrɪənt
phonetics_text: kəʊˈvɛːrɪənt
definition:
a function of the coefficients and variables of a given function which is invariant under a linear transformation except for a factor equal to a power of the determinant of the transformation.


word: COVARIATE
russian_word: коварьировать
origin: 1940: from co- + variate.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈvɛːrɪət
phonetics_text: kəʊˈvɛːrɪət
definition:
an independent variable that can influence the outcome of a given statistical trial, but which is not of direct interest.


word: COVE
russian_word: бухта
synonyms: bay|inlet|indentation|fjord|natural harbour|anchorage|(sea) loch|lough
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊv
phonetics_text: kəʊv
definition:
a small sheltered bay.|a concave arch or arched moulding, especially one formed at the junction of a wall with a ceiling.

origin:
Old English cofa  ‘chamber, cave’, of Germanic origin; related to German Koben ‘pigsty, pen’. cove1 (sense 1) dates from the late 16th century.


word: COVELLITE
russian_word: ковеллин
origin: mid 19th century: named after Nicolò Covelli (1790–1829), Italian chemist, + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈvɛlʌɪt
phonetics_text: kəʊˈvɛlʌɪt
definition:
a blue mineral consisting of copper sulphide, typically occurring as a coating on other copper minerals.


word: COVENANT
russian_word: завет
example: there was a covenant between them that her name was never to be mentioned
definition: an agreement.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkʌv(ə)nənt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌv(ə)nənt
synonyms:
contract|compact|treaty|pact|accord|deal|bargain|settlement|concordat|protocol|entente|agreement|arrangement|understanding|pledge|promise|bond|indenture|guarantee|warrant|undertaking|commitment

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, present participle of covenir ‘agree’, from Latin convenire (see convene).


word: COVER
russian_word: крышка
antonyms: reveal
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈkʌvə
phonetics_text: ˈkʌvə
example:
the table had been covered with a checked tablecloth|the grounds covered eight acres|a sequence of novels that will cover the period from 1968 to the present|there are grants to cover the cost of materials for loft insulation|Louise laughed to cover her embarrassment|she raised her gun to cover Klift|other artists who have covered the song include U2|a working stallion who has covered forty mares this season|the ploy will fail if the ten is covered

definition:
put something on top of or in front of (something), especially in order to protect or conceal it.|extend over (an area).|deal with (a subject) by describing or analysing its most important aspects or events.|(of a sum of money) be enough to pay (a cost).|disguise the sound or fact of (something) with another sound or action.|aim a gun at (someone) in order to prevent them from moving or escaping.|record or perform a new version of (a song) originally performed by someone else.|(of a male animal, especially a stallion) copulate with (a female animal).|play a higher card on (a high card) in a trick.

synonyms:
put something on top of|place something over|place under cover|protect|shield|shelter|envelop|enfold|engulf|enclose|tuck|cup|surround|house|sink|embed|bury|submerge|immerse

origin:
Middle English: from Old French covrir, from Latin cooperire, from co- (expressing intensive force) + operire ‘to cover’. The noun is partly a variant of covert.


word: COVERAGE
russian_word: охват
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌv(ə)rɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈkʌv(ə)rɪdʒ
example:
the grammar did not offer total coverage of the language|coverage is 6.5 square metres per litre|man-to-man coverage

definition:
the extent to which something deals with something else.|the area that can be covered by a specified volume or weight of a substance.|the amount of protection given by an insurance policy.|the manner in which a defender or a defensive team cover a player, an area, or a play.


word: COVERING
russian_word: покрытие
example: a vinyl floor covering
definition: a thing used to protect, decorate, or conceal something else.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌv(ə)rɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkʌv(ə)rɪŋ
synonyms:
awning|tarpaulin|cowling|casing|housing|wrapping|wrapper|cover|envelope|sheath|sheathing|sleeve|jacket|lid|top|cap


word: COVERT
russian_word: скрытый
example: covert operations against the dictatorship
definition: not openly acknowledged or displayed.
antonyms: overt|above board
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
synonyms:
secret|furtive|clandestine|surreptitious|stealthy|cloak-and-dagger|hole-and-corner|hole-in-the-corner|closet|behind-the-scenes|backstairs|back-alley|under-the-table|hugger-mugger|concealed|hidden|private|sly|sneaky|underhand|undercover|underground|black|hush-hush

phonetic:
Middle English (in the general senses ‘covered’ and ‘a cover’): from Old French, ‘covered’, past participle of covrir (see cover).


word: COVERTURE
russian_word: укрытие
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌvətjʊə
phonetics_text: ˈkʌvətjʊə
definition:
protective or concealing covering.|the legal status of a married woman, considered to be under her husband's protection and authority.

origin:
Middle English (originally denoting a coverlet or garment): from Old French, from covrir ‘to cover’.


word: COVER-UP
russian_word: дымовая завеса
antonyms: exposé
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌvərʌp
phonetics_text: ˈkʌvərʌp
definition:
an attempt to prevent people discovering the truth about a serious mistake or crime.|a loose outer garment, as worn over a swimsuit or exercise outfit.

synonyms:
whitewash|concealment|deception|suppression|false front|facade|veneer|pretext|-gate|camouflage|disguise|mask


word: COVET
russian_word: жаждать
example: I covet one of their smart bags
definition: yearn to possess (something, especially something belonging to another).
origin: Middle English: from Old French cuveitier, based on Latin cupiditas (see cupidity).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkʌvɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌvɪt
synonyms:
desire|be consumed with desire for|crave|have one's heart set on|want|wish for|long for|yearn for|dream of|aspire to|hanker for|hanker after|hunger after/for|thirst for|ache for|fancy|burn for|pant for


word: COVETOUS
russian_word: жадный
example: she fingered the linen with covetous hands
definition: having or showing a great desire to possess something belonging to someone else.
antonyms: satisfied
origin: Middle English: from Old French coveitous, based on Latin cupiditas (see cupidity).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌvɪtəs
phonetics_text: ˈkʌvɪtəs
synonyms:
grasping|greedy|rapacious|insatiable|yearning|acquisitive|desirous|possessive|selfish|jealous|envious|green with envy|green|green-eyed|grudging|begrudging|grabby


word: COVEY
russian_word: выводок
definition: a small flock of birds, especially partridge.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌvi
phonetics_text: ˈkʌvi
origin:
Middle English: from Old French covee, feminine past participle of cover, from Latin cubare ‘lie down’.


word: COVING
russian_word: своды
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəʊvɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkəʊvɪŋ
example:
the house has retained many original features including original plaster coving, decorative arched recesses, and three fireplaces

definition:
a curved or shaped strip of wood or other material fitted as a feature at the junction of a wall with a ceiling.


word: COW
russian_word: корова
example: a dairy cow|what does he see in that cow?
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kaʊ
phonetics_text: kaʊ
definition:
a fully grown female animal of a domesticated breed of ox, kept to produce milk or beef.|an unpleasant or disliked woman.

origin:
Old English cū, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch koe and German Kuh, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin bos and Greek bous .


word: COWARD
russian_word: трус
example: they had run away—the cowards!
definition: a person who is contemptibly lacking in the courage to do or endure dangerous or unpleasant things.
antonyms: hero
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkaʊəd
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊəd
synonyms:
weakling|namby-pamby|mouse|chicken|scaredy-cat|fraidy-cat|yellow-belly|sissy|big baby|milksop|big girl's blouse|candy-ass|pussy|dingo|sook|funk|poltroon|craven|recreant|caitiff

origin:
Middle English: from Old French couard, based on Latin cauda ‘tail’, possibly with reference to a frightened animal with its tail between its legs, reflected in coward (sense 2 of the adjective) (early 16th century).


word: COWARDICE
russian_word: трусость
example: my cowardice got the better of me and I crept out of the room
definition: lack of bravery.|a group of mongrels or feral dogs.
antonyms: bravery|courage
origin: Middle English: from Old French couardise, from couard (see coward).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊədɪs
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊədɪs
synonyms:
faint-heartedness|spiritlessness|spinelessness|timidity|timorousness|fearfulness|pusillanimity|weakness|feebleness|gutlessness|wimpishness|wimpiness|sissiness|wetness|poltroonery|recreancy|cravenness


word: COWARDLY
russian_word: трусливый
example: he was a weak, cowardly man
definition: lacking courage.
antonyms: brave|courageous
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈkaʊədli
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊədli
synonyms:
faint-hearted|lily-livered|chicken-hearted|pigeon-hearted|spiritless|spineless|craven|timid|timorous|fearful|trembling|quaking|shrinking|cowering|afraid of one's own shadow|pusillanimous|weak|feeble|soft|yellow|chicken|weak-kneed|gutless|yellow-bellied|wimpish|wimpy|sissy|sissified|wet|candy-assed|poltroon|recreant|poor-spirited|chickenshit


word: COWBERRY
russian_word: брусника
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊb(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊb(ə)ri
definition:
a low-growing evergreen dwarf shrub of the heather family, which bears dark red berries and grows in northern upland habitats.


word: COWBIRD
russian_word: воловья птица
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊbəːd
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊbəːd
definition:
a New World songbird with dark plumage and a relatively short bill, typically laying its eggs in other birds' nests.


word: COWBOY
russian_word: ковбой
antonyms: professional
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkaʊbɔɪ
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊbɔɪ
example:
they are always playing cowboys and Indians|cowboy coach firms are alleged to have flouted safety rules

definition:
(especially in the western US) a man who herds and tends cattle, performing much of his work on horseback.|a dishonest or careless person in business, especially an unqualified one.

synonyms:
cattleman|cowhand|cowman|cowherd|herder|herdsman|drover|stockman|rancher|gaucho|llanero|ranchero|vaquero|cowpuncher|cowpoke|broncobuster|buckaroo|herd


word: COWER
russian_word: приседать
example: children cowered in terror as the shoot-out erupted
definition: crouch down in fear.
origin: Middle English: from Middle Low German kūren ‘lie in wait’, of unknown ultimate origin.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊə
synonyms:
cringe|shrink|crouch|recoil|flinch|pull back|back away|draw back|shudder|shiver|tremble|shake|quake|grovel|blench|blanch|quail


word: CO-WORKER
russian_word: сотрудник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəʊˈwəːkə
phonetics_text: kəʊˈwəːkə
example:
her strong work ethic and high standards have garnered respect and support from co-workers and employees alike

definition:
a person with whom one works, typically someone in a similar role or at a similar level within an organization.


word: COWPEA
russian_word: коровьего гороха
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊpiː
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊpiː
definition:
a plant of the pea family native to the Old World tropics, cultivated for its edible pods and seeds.


word: COWPOX
russian_word: коровья оспа
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊpɒks
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊpɒks
definition:
a viral disease of cows' udders which, when contracted by humans through contact, resembles mild smallpox, and was the basis of the first smallpox vaccines.


word: COWSLIP
russian_word: первоцвет
origin: Old English cūslyppe, from cū ‘cow’ + slipa, slyppe ‘slime’, i.e. cow slobber or dung.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkaʊslɪp
phonetics_text: ˈkaʊslɪp
definition:
a European primula with clusters of drooping fragrant yellow flowers in spring, growing on dry grassy banks and in pasture.|any of a number of herbaceous plants.


word: COY
russian_word: застенчивый
example: she treated him to a coy smile of invitation|he is coy about his age
antonyms: brazen
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kɔɪ
phonetics_text: kɔɪ
definition:
(especially with reference to a woman) making a pretence of shyness or modesty which is intended to be alluring.|reluctant to give details about something regarded as sensitive.

synonyms:
arch|simpering|coquettish|flirtatious|kittenish|skittish|shy|modest|bashful|reticent|diffident|retiring|backward|self-effacing|shrinking|withdrawn|timid|demure

origin:
Middle English: from Old French coi, quei, from Latin quietus (see quiet). The original sense was ‘quiet, still’ (especially in behaviour), later ‘modestly retiring’, and hence (of a woman) ‘affecting to be unresponsive to advances’.


word: COYLY
russian_word: застенчиво
example: she smiles coyly for the camera|he coyly withheld his candidacy
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈkɔɪli
phonetics_text: ˈkɔɪli
definition:
in an outwardly shy or modest way intended to be alluring.|in a way that shows reluctance to give details about something regarded as sensitive.


word: COYNESS
russian_word: скромность
example: the company's coyness about their spring offering
antonyms: brazenness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔɪnəs
phonetics_text: ˈkɔɪnəs
definition:
(especially in a woman) the quality of feigning shyness or modesty in an attempt to seem alluring.|the quality of being reluctant to give details about something regarded as sensitive; reticence.

synonyms:
archness|simpering|coquettishness|flirtatiousness|kittenishness|skittishness|shyness|modesty|bashfulness|reticence|diffidence|self-effacement|timidity|demureness


word: COYPU
russian_word: нутрия
origin: late 18th century: from Araucanian.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkɔɪpuː
phonetics_text: ˈkɔɪpuː
definition:
a large semiaquatic rodent resembling a beaver, native to South America. It is kept in captivity for its fur and has become naturalized in many other areas.


word: CRABBED
russian_word: неразборчивый
example: his handwriting is crabbed and hideous|a crabbed, unhappy middle age
definition: (of handwriting) very small and difficult to decipher.|bad-tempered.
antonyms: bold|clear
synonyms: cramped|bad|shaky|scribbled|spidery|laboured|illegible|unreadable|indecipherable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrabɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkrabɪd|krabd
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘perverse, wayward’): from crab1, because of the crab's sideways gait and habit of snapping.


word: CRABBY
russian_word: раздражительный
example: a rather crabby old man
definition: irritable.
antonyms: sweet-natured|easy-going|charming
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrabi
phonetics_text: ˈkrabi
synonyms:
irritable|fractious|fretful|cross|petulant|pettish|crabbed|crotchety|cantankerous|curmudgeonly|disagreeable|miserable|morose|peppery|on edge|edgy|impatient|complaining|querulous|bitter|moody|in a bad mood|grumpy|huffy|scratchy|out of sorts|out of temper|ill-tempered|bad-tempered|ill-natured|ill-humoured|peevish|sullen|surly|sulky|sour|churlish|touchy|testy|tetchy|snappish|waspish|prickly|crusty|bilious|liverish|dyspeptic|splenetic|choleric|snappy|chippy|grouchy|cranky|narky|ratty|eggy|whingy|whingeing|like a bear with a sore head|sorehead|soreheaded|peckish|snaky|miffy


word: CRACK
russian_word: трещина
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: krak
phonetics_text: krak
example:
a hairline crack down the middle of the glass|a loud crack of thunder|he knew about the gossip and would make the odd crack|he loved the crack, the laughing|I fancy having a crack at winning a fourth title|he uses crack and cocaine

definition:
a line on the surface of something along which it has split without breaking apart.|a sudden sharp or explosive noise.|a joke, typically a critical or unkind one.|enjoyable social activity; a good time.|an attempt to achieve something.|a potent hard crystalline form of cocaine broken into small pieces and inhaled or smoked.

synonyms:
split|fissure|crevice|break|fracture|rupture|breach|rift|cleft|slit|chink|gap|cranny|interstice|crazing

origin:
Old English cracian  ‘make an explosive noise’; of Germanic origin; related to Dutch kraken and German krachen . crack (sense 4 of the noun) is from Irish craic ‘entertaining conversation’.


word: CRACKDOWN
russian_word: применение суровых мер
example: a crackdown on car crime
definition: a series of severe measures to restrict undesirable or illegal people or behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrakdaʊn
phonetics_text: ˈkrakdaʊn
synonyms:
clampdown|getting tough|severe/stern measures|repression|suppression|abolition|elimination|eradication|end|stop


word: CRACKED
russian_word: треснувший
example: the old pipes were cracked and leaking|you must think my family are cracked
definition: damaged and showing lines on the surface from having split without coming apart.|crazy; insane.
antonyms: sane
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: krakt
phonetics_text: krakt
synonyms:
split|broken|fissured|fractured|ruptured|splintered|cleft|slit|damaged|defective|flawed|imperfect|crazed


word: CRACKNEL
russian_word: шкварки
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrakn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrakn(ə)l
definition:
a light, crisp, savoury biscuit.|a brittle sweet made from set melted sugar, typically containing nuts.

origin:
late Middle English: alteration of Old French craquelin, from Middle Dutch krākelinc, from krāken ‘to crack’.


word: CRACK UP
russian_word: стареть
definition: suffer an emotional breakdown under pressure.|burst into laughter.
example:
I feel I'm cracking up, always on the verge of tears|she tries to keep a straight face, but she keeps cracking up

synonyms:
break down|have a breakdown|lose control|be overcome|collapse|go to pieces|go out of one's mind|go mad|crumble|disintegrate|lose it|lose one's cool|fall/come apart at the seams|go crazy|freak out


word: CRADLE
russian_word: колыбель
example: the baby slept peacefully in its cradle
synonyms: crib|bassinet|Moses basket|cot|carrycot
origin: Old English cradol, of uncertain origin; perhaps related to German Kratte ‘basket’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkreɪd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkreɪd(ə)l
definition:
a baby's bed or cot, typically one mounted on rockers.|a framework on which a ship or boat rests during construction or repairs.


word: CRAFT
russian_word: ремесло
example: the craft of cobbling|her cousin was not her equal in guile and evasive craft|sailing craft
antonyms: honesty|naivety
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɑːft
phonetics_text: krɑːft
definition:
an activity involving skill in making things by hand.|skill used in deceiving others.|a boat or ship.

synonyms:
activity|pursuit|occupation|work|line|line of work|profession|job|business|line of business|trade|employment|position|post|situation|career|métier|vocation|calling|skill|field|province|walk of life|way|racket|game|grip|employ

origin:
Old English cræft  ‘strength, skill’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch kracht, German Kraft, and Swedish kraft ‘strength’. craft (sense 3 of the noun), originally in the expression small craft ‘small trading vessels’, may be elliptical, referring to vessels requiring a small amount of ‘craft’ or skill to handle, as opposed to large ocean-going ships.


word: CRAFTSMAN
russian_word: ремесленник
example: the tiles are handmade by trained craftsmen
definition: a worker skilled in a particular craft.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɑːf(t)smən
phonetics_text: ˈkrɑːf(t)smən
synonyms:
artisan|craftsperson|tradesman|tradesperson|mechanic|technician|operative|maker|smith|wright|journeyman|skilled worker|dedicated worker|meticulous worker|master|expert|artist|artificer|handicraftsman


word: CRAFTSMANSHIP
russian_word: мастерство
example: I admire his engineering skills and craftsmanship
definition: skill in a particular craft.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɑːf(t)smənʃɪp
phonetics_text: ˈkrɑːf(t)smənʃɪp
synonyms:
workmanship|artistry|craft|art|artisanship|handiwork|work|skill|skilfulness|technique|expertise|mastery


word: CRAFTSWOMAN
russian_word: мастерица
example: the expert craftswoman teaches traditional building techniques
definition: a female worker skilled in a particular craft.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɑːf(t)sˌwʊmən
phonetics_text: ˈkrɑːf(t)sˌwʊmən
synonyms:
artisan|craftsperson|tradeswoman|tradesperson|mechanic|technician|operative|maker|smith|wright|skilled worker|dedicated worker|meticulous worker|expert|artist|artificer|handicraftswoman


word: CRAFTY
russian_word: хитрый
antonyms: honest|naive
origin: Old English cræftig ‘strong, powerful’, later ‘skilful’ (see craft, -y1).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɑːfti
phonetics_text: ˈkrɑːfti
example:
a crafty crook faked an injury to escape from prison|a market full of crafty pots and interesting earrings

definition:
clever at achieving one's aims by indirect or deceitful methods.|involving the making of decorative objects and other things by hand.

synonyms:
cunning|guileful|wily|artful|devious|sly|tricky|duplicitous|dishonest|underhand|cheating|deceitful|Janus-faced|sharp|scheming|calculating|designing|evasive|shrewd|astute|canny|foxy|slim|subtle


word: CRAG
russian_word: скала
definition: a steep or rugged cliff or rock face.|a shelly sandstone occurring in eastern England.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kraɡ
phonetics_text: kraɡ
synonyms:
cliff|bluff|ridge|precipice|rock face|overhang|height|peak|tor|pinnacle|promontory|headland|bank|slope|escarpment|scarp|eminence

origin:
Middle English: of Celtic origin. crag (sense 2 of the noun), dating from the mid 18th century, may have been a different word originally.


word: CRAIC
russian_word: кутеж
example: he loves the craic, the late nights
definition: enjoyable social activity; a good time.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krak
phonetics_text: krak
origin:
1970s: Irish, from English crack (sense 4 of the noun). The English word apparently entered Irish English from Scots in the mid 20th century and subsequently assumed an Irish Gaelic form.


word: CRAKE
russian_word: коростель
definition: a bird of the rail family with a short bill, such as the corncrake.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kreɪk
phonetics_text: kreɪk
origin:
Middle English (originally denoting a crow or raven): from Old Norse kráka, krákr, of imitative origin.


word: CRAM
russian_word: давка
origin: Old English crammian, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch krammen ‘to cramp or clamp’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kram
phonetics_text: kram
example:
the ashtray by the bed was crammed with cigarette butts|lectures were called off so students could cram for the semester finals

definition:
completely fill (a place or container) to the point of overflowing.|study intensively over a short period of time just before an examination.

synonyms:
stuff|pack|jam|fill|crowd|throng|overfill|fill up|fill to overflowing|stuff to the gills|fill to the brim|overcrowd|overload


word: CRAMBO
russian_word: рифмоплетство
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrambəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈkrambəʊ
definition:
a game in which a player gives a word or line of verse to which each of the other players must find a rhyme.

origin:
early 17th century (denoting a particular fashion in drinking): from earlier crambe ‘cabbage’, used figuratively to denote something distasteful that is repeated, apparently from Latin crambe repetita ‘cabbage served up again’, applied by Juvenal to any distasteful repetition.


word: CRAMMER
russian_word: репетитор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkramə
phonetics_text: ˈkramə
definition:
a person or institution that prepares pupils for an examination intensively over a short period of time.


word: CRAMP
russian_word: судорога
example: an attack of cramp
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kramp
phonetics_text: kramp
definition:
painful involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, typically caused by fatigue or strain.|a tool, typically shaped like a capital G, for clamping two objects together for gluing or other work.

synonyms:
muscle/muscular spasm|muscle/muscular contraction|pang|twinge|crick|kink|stitch|stiffness|pain|shooting pain|ache|convulsion|tic|twitch|clonus|hyperkinesis

origin:
late Middle English: from Middle Low German and Middle Dutch krampe ; sense 1 of the noun is via Old French crampe .


word: CRAMPED
russian_word: ограниченный
example: rest your cramped arms for a moment|staff had to work in cramped conditions
definition: suffering from cramp.|uncomfortably small or restricted.
antonyms: spacious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: krampt
phonetics_text: krampt
synonyms:
restricted|confined|constricted|small|tiny|narrow|compact|tight|poky|uncomfortable|minimal|sparse|inadequate|hemmed in|crowded|overfull|packed|jammed|congested|strait|incommodious


word: CRAMPON
russian_word: кошки
origin: Middle English (in crampon (sense 2)): from Old French, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrampɒn
phonetics_text: ˈkrampɒn|ˈkrampən
definition:
a metal plate with spikes fixed to a boot for walking on ice or rock climbing.|archaic term for grappling hook.


word: CRAN
russian_word: Кран
definition: a measure of fresh herrings, equivalent to 37 1/2 gallons.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kran
phonetics_text: kran
origin:
late 18th century: from Scottish Gaelic crann, perhaps the same word as crann ‘lot’, denoting the share of fish given to each member of the crew.


word: CRANBERRY
russian_word: клюква
example: cranberry sauce
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkranb(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈkranb(ə)ri
definition:
a small red acid berry used in cooking.|the evergreen dwarf shrub of the heather family that bears cranberries.

origin:
mid 17th century (originally North American): from German Kranbeere or Low German kranebeere ‘crane-berry’.


word: CRANE
russian_word: кран
example: a dockside crane
synonyms: derrick|winch|hoist|davit|windlass|tackle|block and tackle|lifting gear|sheerlegs
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kreɪn
phonetics_text: kreɪn
definition:
a large, tall machine used for moving heavy objects by suspending them from a projecting arm or beam.

origin:
Middle English: figuratively from crane2 (the same sense development occurred in the related German Kran and Dutch kraan (see crane2), and in French grue ). The verb dates from the late 16th century.


word: CRANESBILL
russian_word: герань
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkreɪnzbɪl
phonetics_text: ˈkreɪnzbɪl
definition:
a herbaceous plant which typically has lobed leaves and purple, violet, or pink five-petalled flowers.

origin:
mid 16th century: so named because of the long spur on the fruit, thought to resemble a crane's beak.


word: CRANK
russian_word: рукоятка
synonyms: start|turn (over)|get going
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kraŋk
phonetics_text: kraŋk
example:
the starter motor struggled to crank the engine|I've cranked the shaft of the gear lever to get it further away from the dashboard|he's been cranking up on smack

definition:
turn the crankshaft of (an internal combustion engine) in order to start the engine.|give a bend to (a shaft, bar, etc.).|inject a narcotic drug.

origin:
Old English cranc (recorded in crancstæf, denoting a weaver's implement), related to crincan (see cringe).


word: CRANKY
russian_word: капризный
definition: eccentric or strange.|bad-tempered; irritable.|(of a machine) working erratically.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkraŋki
phonetics_text: ˈkraŋki
example:
a cranky scheme to pipe ground-level ozone into the stratosphere|he was cranky after eight hours of working|after a juddering landing the cranky plane eased up the runway

synonyms:
eccentric|bizarre|weird|peculiar|odd|quirky|avant-garde|unconventional|off-centre|strange|outlandish|ridiculous|ludicrous|mad|insane|crazy|absurd|wacky|screwy|nutty|nuts|crackpot|cracked|oddball|kinky|off the wall|way out|dippy|cuckoo|daft|kooky|wacko|left-field|dilly

origin:
late 18th century (in the sense ‘sickly, in poor health’): perhaps from obsolete (counterfeit) crank ‘a rogue feigning sickness’, from Dutch or German krank ‘sick’.


word: CRANNY
russian_word: трещина
example: bugs and spiders conceal themselves in crannies of the bark
definition: a small, narrow space or opening.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French crane ‘notched’, from cran, from popular Latin crena ‘notch’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrani
phonetics_text: ˈkrani
synonyms:
chink|crack|crevice|slit|split|fissure|rift|cleft|opening|gap|aperture|cavity|hole|hollow|niche|corner|recess|bay|booth|alcove|nook|interstice


word: CRAPPIE
russian_word: краппи
origin: mid 19th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrapi
phonetics_text: ˈkrapi
definition:
a North American freshwater fish of the sunfish family, the male of which builds a nest and guards the eggs and young.


word: CRAPS
russian_word: азартная игра в кости
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kraps
phonetics_text: kraps
definition:
a gambling game played with two dice, chiefly in North America. A throw of 7 or 11 is a winning throw, 2, 3, or 12 is a losing throw.

origin:
early 19th century: perhaps from crab1 or crab's eyes, denoting the lowest throw (two ones) at dice.


word: CRASH
russian_word: авария
origin: late Middle English: imitative, perhaps partly suggested by craze and dash.
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective|adverb
phonetic: kraʃ
phonetics_text: kraʃ
example:
a racing car had crashed, wrecking a safety barrier|huge waves crashed down on to us|the shares crashed to 329p|the project was postponed because the computer crashed|what was it you said just before I crashed out ?

definition:
(of a vehicle) collide violently with an obstacle or another vehicle.|move or cause to move with force, speed, and sudden loud noise.|(of shares, a business, etc.) suddenly drop in value or fail.|(of a computer, computing system, or software) fail suddenly.|enter (a party) without an invitation; gatecrash.|go to sleep, especially suddenly or in an improvised setting.

synonyms:
smash into|collide with|be in collision with|come into collision with|hit|strike|ram|smack into|slam into|bang into|cannon into|plough into|meet head-on|run into|drive into|bump into|knock into|crack into/against|dash against|impact


word: CRASS
russian_word: грубый
example: the crass assumptions that men make about women
definition: showing no intelligence or sensitivity.
antonyms: intelligent
origin: late 15th century (in the sense ‘dense or coarse’): from Latin crassus ‘solid, thick’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kras
phonetics_text: kras
synonyms:
stupid|insensitive|blundering|dense|thick|vacuous|mindless|witless|doltish|oafish|boorish|asinine|bovine|coarse|gross|pig-ignorant|utter|sheer|downright|total|out-and-out|outright|very great|complete|absolute|thorough|perfect|blatant|unmitigated|unqualified|glaring|undisguised|naked


word: CRATE
russian_word: клеть
example: a crate of bananas|you wouldn't believe the age of some of the crates I've driven
definition: a slatted wooden case used for transporting goods.|an old and dilapidated vehicle.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kreɪt
phonetics_text: kreɪt
synonyms:
case|packing case|chest|coffer|trunk|box|casket|strongbox|basket|hamper|pack|bin|drum|container|receptacle|lug

origin:
late Middle English: perhaps related to Dutch krat ‘tailboard of a wagon’, earlier ‘box of a coach’, of unknown origin.


word: CRATER
russian_word: кратер
example: the blast left a crater in the car park
synonyms: hollow|bowl|basin|pan|hole|cavity|pocket|shell hole|caldera|maar|solfatara
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkreɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈkreɪtə
definition:
a large bowl-shaped cavity in the ground or on a celestial object, typically one caused by an explosion or the impact of a meteorite.|a large bowl used in ancient Greece for mixing wine.

origin:
early 17th century (denoting the hollow forming the mouth of a volcano): via Latin from Greek kratēr ‘mixing-bowl’, from krasis ‘mixture’.


word: CRAVE
russian_word: жаждать
example: if only she had shown her daughter the love she craved
definition: feel a powerful desire for (something).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kreɪv
phonetics_text: kreɪv
synonyms:
long for|yearn for|hunger for|thirst for|dream of|aspire to|set one's heart on|have as one's aim|have as one's goal|seek|be bent on|desire|want|hope for|hanker after|wish for|sigh for|pant for|pine for|lust after|covet|have a yen for|itch for|be dying for|be athirst for|be desirous of|desiderate|suspire for

origin:
Old English crafian (in the sense ‘demand, claim as a right’), of Germanic origin; related to Swedish kräva, Danish kræve ‘demand’. The current sense dates from late Middle English.


word: CRAVEN
russian_word: трусливый
example: a craven abdication of his moral duty
definition: contemptibly lacking in courage; cowardly.
antonyms: brave
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkreɪv(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkreɪv(ə)n
synonyms:
cowardly|lily-livered|faint-hearted|chicken-hearted|pigeon-hearted|spiritless|spineless|timid|timorous|fearful|trembling|quaking|shrinking|cowering|afraid of one's own shadow|pusillanimous|weak|feeble|soft|yellow|chicken|weak-kneed|gutless|yellow-bellied|wimpish|wimpy|sissy|sissified|wet|candy-assed|poltroon|recreant|poor-spirited|chickenshit

origin:
Middle English cravant  ‘defeated’, perhaps via Anglo-Norman French from Old French cravante, past participle of cravanter ‘crush, overwhelm’, based on Latin crepare ‘burst’. The change in the ending in the 17th century was due to association with past participles ending in -en (see -en3).


word: CRAVING
russian_word: страстное желание
example: a craving for chocolate
definition: a powerful desire for something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkreɪvɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkreɪvɪŋ
synonyms:
longing|yearning|hankering|hunger|hungering|thirst|pining|desire|want|wish|fancy|urge|need|appetite|greed|lust|ache|burning|addiction|aspiration|aim|goal|yen|itch|cacoethes


word: CRAWL
russian_word: ползать
origin: Middle English: of unknown origin; possibly related to Swedish kravla and Danish kravle .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: krɔːl
phonetics_text: krɔːl
example:
they crawled from under the table|a reporter's job can involve crawling to objectionable people|the floor was dirty and crawling with bugs|its automated software robots crawl websites, grabbing copies of pages to index

definition:
move forward on the hands and knees or by dragging the body close to the ground.|behave obsequiously or ingratiatingly in the hope of gaining someone's favour.|be covered or crowded with (insects or people), to an extent that is objectionable.|(of a program) systematically visit (a number of web pages) in order to create an index of data.

synonyms:
creep|go on all fours|move on hands and knees|inch|drag oneself along|pull oneself along|drag|trail|slither|slink|squirm|wriggle|writhe|scrabble|worm one's way|advance slowly/stealthily|sneak


word: CRAZE
russian_word: увлечение
example: the new craze for step aerobics
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kreɪz
phonetics_text: kreɪz
definition:
an enthusiasm for a particular activity or object which appears suddenly and achieves widespread but short-lived popularity.

synonyms:
fad|vogue|trend|fashion|enthusiasm|passion|infatuation|love|obsession|mania|compulsion|fixation|fetish|weakness|fancy|taste|novelty|whim|fascination|preoccupation|rage|thing

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘break, produce cracks’): perhaps of Scandinavian origin and related to Swedish krasa ‘crunch’.


word: CRAZED
russian_word: сумасшедший
example: a crazed killer|a crazed porcelain sink
antonyms: sane
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kreɪzd
phonetics_text: kreɪzd
definition:
insane or wildly out of control.|(of porcelain) characterized by a network of fine cracks in the glaze.

synonyms:
mad|insane|out of one's mind|deranged|demented|certifiable|lunatic|wild|raving|distraught|berserk|manic|maniac|frenzied|hysterical|psychopathic|sectionable|crazy|mental|off one's head|out of one's head|raving mad


word: CRAZY
russian_word: сумасшедший
example: Stella went crazy and assaulted a visitor|I'm crazy about Cindy|the monument leant at a crazy angle
antonyms: sane
origin: late 16th century (in sense ‘full of cracks’): from craze + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun
phonetic: ˈkreɪzi
phonetics_text: ˈkreɪzi
definition:
mad, especially as manifested in wild or aggressive behaviour.|extremely enthusiastic.|(of an angle) appearing absurdly out of place or unlikely.

synonyms:
mad|insane|out of one's mind|deranged|demented|not in one's right mind|crazed|lunatic|non compos mentis|unbalanced|unhinged|unstable|disturbed|distracted|mad as a hatter|mad as a March hare|stark mad|sectionable|mental|off one's head|out of one's head|off one's nut|nutty|nutty as a fruitcake|off one's rocker|not (quite) right in the head|round the bend|raving mad|stark raving mad|bats|bonkers|cuckoo|loopy|loony|bananas|loco|dippy|screwy|with a screw loose|touched|gaga|not all there|off the wall|out to lunch|not right upstairs|barmy|batty|crackers|barking|barking mad|stark staring mad|doolally|round the twist|off one's trolley|as daft as a brush|not the full shilling|one sandwich short of a picnic|up the pole|away with the fairies|buggy|nutsy|nutso|out of one's tree|meshuga|squirrelly|wacko|gonzo|bushed|yarra|porangi


word: CREAK
russian_word: скрип
example: the stairs creaked as she went up them|the system started to creak
synonyms: squeak|groan|grate|screech|squeal|grind|jar|rasp|rub|scrape|complain
origin: Middle English (as a verb in the sense ‘croak’): imitative.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kriːk
phonetics_text: kriːk
definition:
(of an object or structure, typically a wooden one) make a harsh, high-pitched sound when being moved or when pressure or weight is applied.|show weakness or frailty under strain.


word: CREAM
russian_word: крем
antonyms: dregs
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kriːm
phonetics_text: kriːm
example:
strawberries and cream|shaving cream|the paper's readership is the cream of American society|the dress is available in white or cream

definition:
the thick white or pale yellow fatty liquid which rises to the top when milk is left to stand and which can be eaten as an accompaniment to desserts or used as a cooking ingredient.|a thick liquid or semi-solid cosmetic or medical preparation applied to the skin.|the very best of a group of people or things.|a very pale yellow or off-white colour.

synonyms:
lotion|ointment|rub|cosmetic|application|preparation|emollient|moisturizer|paste|gel|salve|unguent|embrocation|balm|liniment|pomade|unction

origin:
Middle English: from Old French cresme, from a blend of late Latin cramum (probably of Gaulish origin) and ecclesiastical Latin chrisma (see chrism).


word: CREAM OF TARTAR
russian_word: винный камень
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a white crystalline acidic compound obtained as a by-product of wine fermentation and used chiefly in baking powder.


word: CREAMY
russian_word: сливочный
example: beat the sugar and egg yolks together until thick and creamy
definition: resembling cream in consistency or colour.
antonyms: lumpy|thin
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkriːmi
phonetics_text: ˈkriːmi
synonyms:
smooth|thick|whipped|velvety|of an even consistency|rich|buttery|off-white|whitish|cream-coloured|cream|ivory|yellowish white|pearly


word: CREASE
russian_word: складка
example: khaki trousers with knife-edge creases|he was caught in the crease without the puck
synonyms: fold|groove|ridge|furrow|line|ruck|pleat|tuck|corrugation|ruckle
origin: late 16th century: probably a variant of crest.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kriːs
phonetics_text: kriːs
definition:
a line or ridge produced on paper or cloth by folding, pressing, or crushing.|any of a number of lines marked on the pitch at specified places.|an area around the goal in ice hockey or lacrosse which the players may not enter unless the puck or the ball has already done so.


word: CREATE
russian_word: создавать
example: he created a thirty-acre lake|little kids create because they hate being ignored
definition: bring (something) into existence.|make a fuss; complain.
antonyms: dismantle
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kriːˈeɪt
phonetics_text: kriːˈeɪt
synonyms:
generate|produce|design|make|fabricate|fashion|manufacture|build|construct|erect|do|turn out|bring into being|originate|invent|initiate|engender|devise|frame|develop|shape|form|mould|forge|concoct|hatch|knock together|knock up|knock off|establish|found|institute|constitute|inaugurate|launch|set up|put in place|start|lay the foundations of|organize|build up|get something going|get something moving|get something working|kick something off

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘form out of nothing’, used of a divine or supernatural being): from Latin creat- ‘produced’, from the verb creare .


word: CREATINE
russian_word: креатин
origin: mid 19th century: formed irregularly from Greek kreas ‘meat’ + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkriːətiːn
phonetics_text: ˈkriːətiːn
definition:
a compound formed in protein metabolism and present in much living tissue. It is involved in the supply of energy for muscular contraction.


word: CREATION
russian_word: создание
antonyms: destruction
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin creatio(n- ), from the verb creare (see create).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kriːˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kriːˈeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
creation of a coalition government|the big bang was the moment of the Creation, and therefore the work of God|Edward's generosity extended beyond the creation of earls

definition:
the action or process of bringing something into existence.|the creating of the universe, especially when regarded as an act of God.|the action of investing someone with a title of nobility.

synonyms:
design|formation|forming|modelling|putting together|setting up|making|construction|constructing|fabrication|fabricating|fashioning|building|erection|erecting|production|generation|origination|devising|invention|initiation|inception|shaping|hatching|conception|bringing into the world|bringing into being|bringing into existence|fathering|siring|spawning|giving birth to|genesis|procreation|birthing|dropping|begetting


word: CREATIONIST
russian_word: креационистов
example: a renewed campaign by religious creationists
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: kriːˈeɪʃ(ə)nɪst
phonetics_text: kriːˈeɪʃ(ə)nɪst
definition:
a person who believes that the universe and living organisms originate from specific acts of divine creation, as in the biblical account.


word: CREATIVITY
russian_word: креативность
example: firms are keen to encourage creativity
definition: the use of imagination or original ideas to create something; inventiveness.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvɪti
phonetics_text: ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvɪti
synonyms:
inventiveness|imagination|imaginativeness|innovation|innovativeness|originality|individuality|artistry|expressiveness|inspiration|vision|creative power|creative talent|creative gift|creative skill|resourcefulness|ingenuity|enterprise


word: CREATOR
russian_word: создатель
example: James Bond's creator Ian Fleming
definition: a person or thing that brings something into existence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kriːˈeɪtə
phonetics_text: kriːˈeɪtə
synonyms:
writer|author|composer|designer|deviser|maker|inventor|producer|developer|originator|initiator|instigator|generator|engineer|architect|mastermind|prime mover|father|mother|begetter


word: CREATURE
russian_word: тварь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkriːtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈkriːtʃə
example:
night sounds of birds and other creatures|the village teacher was expected to be the creature of his employer|dress, jewels, and other transitory creatures

definition:
an animal, as distinct from a human being.|a person or organization considered to be under the complete control of another.|anything living or existing.

synonyms:
animal|beast|brute|living thing|living entity|living soul|soul|mortal|being|life form|organism|critter

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘something created’): via Old French from late Latin creatura, from the verb creare (see create).


word: CREDENCE
russian_word: доверие
example: psychoanalysis finds little credence among laymen|a credence table
synonyms: acceptance|belief|faith|trust|confidence|reliance|traction
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkriːd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈkriːd(ə)ns
definition:
belief in or acceptance of something as true.|a small side table, shelf, or niche in a church for holding the elements of the Eucharist before they are consecrated.

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin credentia, from Latin credent- ‘believing’, from the verb credere .


word: CREDIBILITY
russian_word: достоверность
example: the very public loss of credibility led to the demise of the magazine as a prestigious publication
definition: the quality of being trusted and believed in.
origin: mid 16th century: from medieval Latin credibilitas, from Latin credibilis (see credible).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɛdɪˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: krɛdɪˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
trustworthiness|reliability|dependability|integrity|character|reputation|standing|status|cachet|kudos|eminence|credit|acceptability


word: CREDIBLE
russian_word: заслуживающий доверия
example: few people found his story credible
definition: able to be believed; convincing.
antonyms: untrustworthy
origin: late Middle English: from Latin credibilis, from credere ‘believe’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɛdɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛdɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
acceptable|trustworthy|reliable|dependable|sure|good|valid|feasible|viable|tenable|sustainable|maintainable


word: CREDIT
russian_word: кредит
synonyms: financial standing|financial status|solvency
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkrɛdɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛdɪt
example:
I've got unlimited credit|the columns should be added across and down and the total debits should equal the total credits|the Prime Minister was quick to claim the credit for abolishing the tax|a student can earn one unit of academic credit|the abstract philosophy of Cicero has lost its credit

definition:
the ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future.|an entry recording a sum received, listed on the right-hand side or column of an account.|public acknowledgement or praise, given or received when a person's responsibility for an action or idea becomes apparent.|the acknowledgement of a student's completion of a course or activity that counts towards a degree or diploma as maintained in a school's records.|the quality of being believed or credited.

origin:
mid 16th century (originally in the senses ‘belief’, ‘credibility’): from French crédit, probably via Italian credito from Latin creditum, neuter past participle of credere ‘believe, trust’.


word: CREDITABLE
russian_word: похвальный
example: a very creditable 2–4 defeat
antonyms: deplorable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɛdɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛdɪtəb(ə)l
definition:
(of a performance, effort, or action) deserving public acknowledgement and praise but not necessarily outstanding or successful.

synonyms:
commendable|praiseworthy|laudable|admirable|honourable|estimable|meritorious|exceptional|exemplary|noteworthy|notable|worthy|up to the mark|deserving|respectable|reputable|sterling|good|fine|excellent|outstanding|first-rate|first-class|worthy of commendation|worthy of admiration|A1|wicked|super|splendiferous|top-notch|fab|ace|tip-top|smashing|brill|champion|grand|bully|beaut|top-hole|applaudable


word: CREDITWORTHINESS
russian_word: кредитоспособность
example: it's possible to improve your creditworthiness in a few easy steps
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɛdɪtwəːðinəs
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛdɪtwəːðinəs
definition:
the extent to which a person or company is considered suitable to receive financial credit, often based on their reliability in paying money back in the past.


word: CREDULITY
russian_word: доверчивость
example: moneylenders prey upon their credulity and inexperience
definition: a tendency to be too ready to believe that something is real or true.
antonyms: worldliness|suspicion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɪˈdjuːlɪti
phonetics_text: krɪˈdjuːlɪti
synonyms:
gullibility|gullibleness|credulousness|naivety|naiveness|blind faith|trustfulness|over-trustfulness|lack of suspicion|innocence|ingenuousness|unworldliness|lack of experience|lack of sophistication|guilelessness|greenness|callowness|childlikeness|simpleness|simplicity|ignorance


word: CREDULOUS
russian_word: доверчивый
example: a ceremony staged for credulous tourists
definition: having or showing too great a readiness to believe things.
antonyms: worldly|suspicious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɛdjʊləs
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛdjʊləs
synonyms:
gullible|naive|impressionable|trusting|over-trusting|over-trustful|exploitable|dupable|deceivable|easily deceived|easily taken in|easily led|unsuspicious|unwary|unguarded|unsceptical|uncritical|unquestioning|innocent|ingenuous|unworldly|inexperienced|unsophisticated|artless|guileless|green|as green as grass|callow|raw|immature|childlike|wide-eyed|simple|ignorant|wet behind the ears|born yesterday|incognizant|nescient

origin:
late 16th century (in the general sense ‘inclined to believe’): from Latin credulus (from credere ‘believe’) + -ous.


word: CREED
russian_word: кредо
example: people of many creeds and cultures
definition: a system of religious belief; a faith.
origin: Old English, from Latincredo.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kriːd
phonetics_text: kriːd
synonyms:
faith|religion|religious belief(s)|religious persuasion|religious conviction|religious group|faith community|church|persuasion|affiliation|denomination|sect|body|following|communion|order|school|fraternity|brotherhood|sisterhood


word: CREEK
russian_word: ручей
example: a sandy beach in a sheltered creek
definition: a narrow, sheltered waterway, especially an inlet in a shoreline or channel in a marsh.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kriːk
phonetics_text: kriːk
synonyms:
tidal inlet|inlet|arm of the sea|estuary|bay|bight|fjord|gulf|sound|firth|frith|voe|ria|fleet|armlet

origin:
Middle English: from Old French crique or from Old Norse kriki ‘nook’; perhaps reinforced by Middle Dutch krēke ; of unknown ultimate origin.


word: CREEP
russian_word: ползучесть
example: he crept downstairs, hardly making any noise|thorny roses crept up the dull gray walls
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kriːp
phonetics_text: kriːp
definition:
move slowly and carefully in order to avoid being heard or noticed.|(of a plant) grow along the ground or other surface by means of extending stems or branches.|(of a plastic solid) undergo gradual deformation under stress.

synonyms:
crawl|move on all fours|move on hands and knees|pull oneself|inch|edge|slither|slide|squirm|wriggle|writhe|worm|worm one's way|insinuate oneself|sneak|steal|slip|slink|sidle|skulk|pad|prowl|tiptoe|pussyfoot|soft-shoe|tread warily|move stealthily|move furtively|move unnoticed|walk quietly

origin:
Old English crēopan  ‘move with the body close to the ground’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch kruipen . Sense 1 of the verb dates from Middle English.


word: CREEPER
russian_word: рептилия
example: I could dance there without a creeper walking up and accosting me
synonyms: climbing plant|trailing plant|vine|trailer|climber|rambler
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkriːpə
phonetics_text: ˈkriːpə
definition:
any plant that grows along the ground, around another plant, or up a wall by means of extending stems or branches.|any of a number of small birds that creep around in trees or vegetation.|a person whose behaviour towards or interest in someone is regarded as unwelcome and socially inappropriate (typically used of a man).|short for brothel creepers.


word: CREEPY
russian_word: пресмыкающийся
example: the creepy feelings one often gets in a strange house
definition: causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or unease.
antonyms: relaxing|pleasant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkriːpi
phonetics_text: ˈkriːpi
synonyms:
frightening|scaring|terrifying|hair-raising|spine-chilling|blood-curdling|chilling|petrifying|alarming|shocking|harrowing|horrifying|horrific|horrible|awful|nightmarish|macabre|ghostly|disturbing|eerie|sinister|weird|menacing|ominous|threatening|eldritch|spooky|freaky|scary|hairy


word: CREMASTER
russian_word: кремастер
origin: late 17th century: from Greek kremastēr, from krema- ‘hang’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɪˈmastə
phonetics_text: krɪˈmastə
definition:
the muscle of the spermatic cord, by which the testicle can be partially raised.|the hooklike tip of a butterfly pupa, serving as an anchorage point.


word: CRENATE
russian_word: городчато
definition: (especially of a leaf or shell) having a round-toothed or scalloped edge.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkriːneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkriːneɪt
origin:
late 18th century (earlier as crenated ): from modern Latin crenatus, from popular Latin crena ‘notch’.


word: CREOSOTE
russian_word: креозот
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkriːəsəʊt
phonetics_text: ˈkriːəsəʊt
definition:
a dark brown oil containing various phenols and other organic compounds, distilled from coal tar and used as a wood preservative.

origin:
mid 19th century: coined in German from Greek kreas ‘flesh’ + sōtēr ‘preserver’, with reference to its antiseptic properties.


word: CREPITUS
russian_word: крепитация
origin: early 19th century: from Latin, from crepare ‘rattle’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɛpɪtəs
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛpɪtəs
definition:
a grating sound or sensation produced by friction between bone and cartilage or the fractured parts of a bone.


word: CRESCENT
russian_word: полумесяц
example: the moon was a slender crescent|a three-mile crescent of golden sand
synonyms: half-moon|sickle-shape|semicircle|arc|curve|bow|arch|bend|crook|demilune|lunula
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɛz(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛz(ə)nt|ˈkrɛs(ə)nt
definition:
the curved sickle shape of the waxing or waning moon.|a thing which has the shape of a single curve that is broad in the centre and tapers to a point at each end.|a moth or butterfly with crescent-shaped markings on the wings.

origin:
late Middle English cressant, from Old French creissant, from Latin crescere ‘grow’. The spelling change in the 17th century was due to the influence of the Latin.


word: CRESS
russian_word: кресс
origin: Old English cresse, cærse, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch kers and German Kresse .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɛs
phonetics_text: krɛs
definition:
a plant of the cabbage family, typically having small white flowers and pungent leaves. Some kinds are edible and are eaten raw as salad.


word: CRESSET
russian_word: светоч
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, from craisse, variant of graisse ‘oil, grease’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɛsɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛsɪt
definition:
a metal container of oil, grease, wood, or coal set alight for illumination and typically mounted on a pole.


word: CREST
russian_word: гребень
antonyms: bottom
synonyms: comb|plume|tuft|topknot|mane|aigrette|panache|tassel|caruncle
origin: Middle English: from Old French creste, from Latin crista ‘tuft, plume’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɛst
phonetics_text: krɛst
example:
a large game bird with a conspicuous erect red crest|she reached the crest of the hill|a high wave formed by the meeting of two crests

definition:
a comb or tuft of feathers, fur, or skin on the head of a bird or other animal.|the top of a mountain or hill.|the curling foamy top of a wave.|a distinctive device representing a family or corporate body, borne above the shield of a coat of arms (originally as worn on a helmet) or separately reproduced, for example on writing paper.


word: CRESTAL
russian_word: альвеолярного
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɛst(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛst(ə)l
example:
the earliest radiographic sign of periodontitis is loss of definition of crestal bone|the well is located in a crestal position

definition:
denoting or relating to a part of a bone forming a crest or ridge, especially along the edge of the jaw around the crowns of the teeth.|denoting or relating to the crest of a mountain or hill.


word: CRESTFALLEN
russian_word: удрученный
example: he came back empty-handed and crestfallen
definition: sad and disappointed.
antonyms: cheerful
origin: late 16th century: originally with reference to a mammal or bird having a fallen or drooping crest.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɛstfɔːlən
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛstfɔːlən
synonyms:
downhearted|downcast|despondent|disappointed|disconsolate|disheartened|discouraged|dispirited|dejected|depressed|desolate|heartbroken|broken-hearted|heavy-hearted|low-spirited|in the doldrums|sad|glum|gloomy|dismal|doleful|miserable|unhappy|woebegone|forlorn|long-faced|fed up|abashed|taken aback|dismayed|sheepish|hangdog|abject|defeated|blue|choked|shattered|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|brassed off|cheesed off|dolorous|chap-fallen


word: CRETACEOUS
russian_word: меловой
example: the lizard was believed to have lived during the Cretaceous period
origin: late 17th century: from Latin cretaceus (from creta ‘chalk’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: krɪˈteɪʃəs
phonetics_text: krɪˈteɪʃəs
definition:
relating to or denoting the last period of the Mesozoic era, between the Jurassic and Tertiary periods.


word: CRETONNE
russian_word: кретон
origin: late 19th century: from French, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɛˈtɒn
phonetics_text: krɛˈtɒn|ˈkrɛtɒn
definition:
a heavy cotton fabric, typically with a floral pattern printed on one or both sides, used for upholstery.


word: CREVICE
russian_word: щель
example: many creatures hide in crevices in the rock
definition: a narrow opening or fissure, especially in a rock or wall.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɛvɪs
phonetics_text: ˈkrɛvɪs
synonyms:
crack|fissure|cleft|chink|interstice|cranny|nook|vent|slot|slit|split|rift|gash|rent|fracture|rupture|breach|perforation|opening|gap|hole|aperture|orifice|pore|space|groove|hiatus|foramen|scission

origin:
Middle English: from Old French crevace, from crever ‘to burst’, from Latin crepare ‘to rattle, crack’.


word: CREW
russian_word: экипаж
example: he was one of nine members of the crew killed when the plane went down|a film crew
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kruː
phonetics_text: kruː
definition:
a group of people who work on and operate a ship, aircraft, etc.|a group of people who work closely together.

synonyms:
team|company|unit|party|working party|gang|shift|line-up|squad|force|corps|posse|workers|employees|staff

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French creue ‘augmentation, increase’, feminine past participle of croistre ‘grow’, from Latin crescere . The original sense was ‘band of soldiers serving as reinforcements’; hence it came to denote any organized armed band or, generally, a company of people (late 16th century).


word: CRIB
russian_word: шпаргалка
synonyms: cradle|bassinet|Moses basket|cot|carrycot
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɪb
phonetics_text: krɪb
example:
tiptoeing over to the crib, he looked down at the sleeping child|an English crib of Caesar's Gallic Wars|there's a chance you might not get back to your crib tonight|he would play crib with zest|I was carrying my crib in a paper bag

definition:
a child's bed with barred or latticed sides; a cot.|a translation of a text for use by students, especially in a surreptitious way.|a person's apartment or house.|short for cribbage.|a heavy timber framework used in foundations for a building or to line a mineshaft.|a light meal; a snack.

origin:
Old English (in the sense ‘manger’), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch krib, kribbe and German Krippe .


word: CRIBBAGE
russian_word: криббидж
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪbɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪbɪdʒ
definition:
a card game, usually for two players, in which the objective is to play so that the pip value of one's cards played reaches exactly 15 or 31.

origin:
mid 17th century: related to crib; the game is said to have been invented by the English poet Sir John Suckling; it seems to have been developed from an older game called Noddy.


word: CRICK
russian_word: растяжение мышц
definition: a painful stiff feeling in the neck or back.
origin: late Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɪk
phonetics_text: krɪk
synonyms:
cramp|spasm|muscle spasm|muscular contraction|rick|kink|twinge|pang|pain|shooting pain|ache|stiffness|discomfort|tenderness|soreness


word: CRICOID
russian_word: перстневидный хрящ
definition: the ring-shaped cartilage of the larynx.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌɪkɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌɪkɔɪd
origin:
mid 18th century: from modern Latin cricoides ‘ring-shaped’, from Greek krikoeidēs, from krikos ‘ring’.


word: CRIME
russian_word: преступление
example: shoplifting was a serious crime
definition: an action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krʌɪm
phonetics_text: krʌɪm
synonyms:
offence|unlawful act|illegal act|misdemeanour|misdeed|wrong|felony|violation|transgression|fault|injury|malfeasance|malefaction|tort|trespass

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘wickedness, sin’): via Old French from Latin crimen ‘judgement, offence’, based on cernere ‘to judge’.


word: CRIMINAL
russian_word: преступник
example: these men are dangerous criminals
definition: a person who has committed a crime.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɪmɪn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪmɪn(ə)l
synonyms:
lawbreaker|offender|villain|delinquent|malefactor|culprit|wrongdoer|transgressor|sinner|young offender|juvenile delinquent|felon|thief|robber|armed robber|burglar|housebreaker|shoplifter|mugger|rapist|fraudster|swindler|racketeer|gunman|gangster|outlaw|bandit|terrorist|bioterrorist|narco-terrorist|ecoterrorist|cyberterrorist|agroterrorist|yakuza|holdupper|crook|con|jailbird|(old) lag|lifer|baddie|crim|yardbird|yegg|lighty|tief|tea leaf|cracksman|malfeasant|misfeasor|infractor|miscreant|trespasser|trusty|transport|peculator|defalcator

origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen, crimin- (see crime).


word: CRIMP
russian_word: гофрировать
example: she crimped the edge of the pie|his zeal about his career can crimp the rest of his life
definition: compress (something) into small folds or ridges.|have a limiting or adverse effect on (something).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: krɪmp
phonetics_text: krɪmp
synonyms:
flute|pleat|corrugate|ruffle|furrow|groove|ridge|crease|wrinkle|crinkle|crumple|pucker|gather|pinch|press together|squeeze together|ruckle

origin:
Old English gecrympan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch krimpen ‘shrink, wrinkle’. Of rare occurrence before the 18th century, the word was perhaps reintroduced from Low German or Dutch.


word: CRINGE
russian_word: съеживаться
example: he cringed away from the blow
definition: bend one's head and body in fear or apprehension or in a servile manner.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: krɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: krɪn(d)ʒ
synonyms:
cower|shrink|draw back|pull back|recoil|start|shy (away)|wince|flinch|blench|blanch|dodge|duck|crouch|shudder|shake|tremble|quiver|quail|quake|get cold feet|kowtow|bow and scrape|grovel|creep|crawl|toady|fawn|truckle|be servile towards|be sycophantic towards|dance attendance on|ingratiate oneself with|curry favour with|flatter|woo|pay court to|get round|suck up to|make up to|lick someone's boots|be all over|fall all over|sweet-talk|soft-soap|brown-nose|blandish

origin:
Middle English crenge, crenche, related to Old English cringan, crincan  ‘bend, yield, fall in battle’, of Germanic origin and related to Dutch krengen ‘heel over’ and German krank ‘sick’, also to crank1.


word: CRINITE
russian_word: волосатый
definition: having hairlike tufts; hairy.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrʌɪnʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌɪnʌɪt
origin:
late 16th century: from Latin crinitus, past participle of crinire ‘cover or provide with hair’: see -ite1.


word: CRINKLY
russian_word: морщинистый
example: brown crinkly paper
definition: full of creases or wrinkles; wrinkled.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɪŋkli
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪŋkli
synonyms:
wrinkled|wrinkly|crinkled|crumpled|rumpled|creased|crimped|corrugated|fluted|gathered|puckered|furrowed|ridged|grooved|rippled|wavy|kinked|kinky


word: CRINOLINE
russian_word: кринолин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪn(ə)lɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪn(ə)lɪn
definition:
a stiffened or hooped petticoat worn to make a long skirt stand out.|a stiff fabric made of horsehair and cotton or linen thread, used for stiffening petticoats or as a lining.

origin:
mid 19th century (originally in crinoline (sense 2), early crinolines being made of such material): from French, formed irregularly from Latin crinis ‘hair’ + linum ‘thread’.


word: CRIOLLO
russian_word: криолло
origin: late 19th century: Spanish, literally ‘native to the locality’ (see Creole).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɪˈɒləʊ
phonetics_text: krɪˈɒləʊ|krɪˈɒjəʊ
definition:
a person from Spanish South or Central America, especially one of pure Spanish descent.|a cacao tree of a variety producing thin-shelled beans of high quality.


word: CRIPPLE
russian_word: калечить
example: developing countries are crippled by their debts|a young student was crippled for life
antonyms: boost
origin: Old English: from two words, crypel and crēopel, both of Germanic origin and related to creep.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪp(ə)l
definition:
cause severe and disabling damage to; deprive of the ability to function normally.|cause (someone) to become unable to walk or move normally.

synonyms:
ruin|destroy|wipe out|crush|break|impair|hamstring|hamper|impede|cramp|spoil|sabotage|scotch|scupper|bring to a standstill|paralyse|enfeeble|weaken|render powerless|put out of action|put out of business|bankrupt|make bankrupt|make insolvent|impoverish|reduce to penury|bring someone to their knees|clean out|put the kibosh on|do for|rain on someone's parade|bring to naught|vitiate|beggar|pauperize


word: CRISIS
russian_word: кризис
example: the current economic crisis
definition: a time of intense difficulty or danger.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌɪsɪs
synonyms:
catastrophe|calamity|cataclysm|emergency|disaster|predicament|plight|mess|dilemma|quandary|setback|reverse|reversal|upheaval|drama|trouble|dire straits|hard times|hardship|adversity|extremity|distress|difficulty|fix|pickle|jam|stew|scrape|bind|hole|sticky situation|hot water|hell|hell on earth|hassle|stress|car crash|spot of bother

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the turning point of a disease): medical Latin, from Greek krisis ‘decision’, from krinein ‘decide’. The general sense ‘decisive point’ dates from the early 17th century.


word: CRISP
russian_word: хрустящий
example: crisp bacon|a crisp autumn day|her answer was crisp
antonyms: soft
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: krɪsp
phonetics_text: krɪsp
definition:
(of a substance) firm, dry, and brittle.|(of the weather) cool, fresh, and invigorating.|(of a way of speaking) briskly decisive and matter-of-fact, without hesitation or unnecessary detail.

synonyms:
crunchy|crispy|brittle|crumbly|breakable|shatterable|friable|frangible|rigid|hard|well cooked|well done

origin:
Old English (referring to hair in the sense ‘curly’): from Latin crispus ‘curled’. Other senses may result from symbolic interpretation of the sound of the word.


word: CRISS-CROSS
russian_word: крест-накрест
example: the blotting paper was marked with a criss-cross of different inks
definition: a pattern of intersecting straight lines or paths.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: ˈkrɪskrɒs
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪskrɒs
origin:
early 17th century (denoting a figure of a cross preceding the alphabet in a hornbook): from Christ-cross (in the same sense in late Middle English), from Christ's cross . The form was later treated as a reduplication of cross.


word: CRISTA
russian_word: гребень
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin, ‘tuft, plume, crest’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪstə
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪstə
definition:
a ridge or crest.|each of the partial partitions in a mitochondrion formed by infolding of the inner membrane.


word: CRITERION
russian_word: критерий
example: they award a green label to products that meet certain environmental criteria
definition: a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided.
origin: early 17th century: from Greek kritērion ‘means of judging’, from kritēs (see critic).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krʌɪˈtɪərɪən
phonetics_text: krʌɪˈtɪərɪən
synonyms:
basis|point of reference|standard|norm|yardstick|benchmark|touchstone|test|formula|measure|gauge|scale|barometer|indicator|litmus test|specification|guide|guideline|guiding principle|principle|rule|law|canon|convention


word: CRITIC
russian_word: критик
example: critics of the new legislation say it is too broad|a theatre critic
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪtɪk
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪtɪk
definition:
a person who expresses an unfavourable opinion of something.|a person who judges the merits of literary or artistic works, especially one who does so professionally.

synonyms:
detractor|censurer|attacker|fault-finder|carper|backbiter|caviller|reviler|vilifier|traducer|disparager|denigrator|deprecator|belittler|knocker|nitpicker|asperser

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin criticus, from Greek kritikos, from kritēs ‘a judge’, from krinein ‘judge, decide’.


word: CRITICAL
russian_word: критический
antonyms: complimentary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪtɪk(ə)l
example:
I was very critical of the previous regime|she never won the critical acclaim she sought|the floodwaters had not receded and the situation was still critical|if the density is less than a certain critical value the gravitational attraction will be too weak to halt the expansion|the reactor is due to go critical in October

definition:
expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgements.|expressing or involving an analysis of the merits and faults of a work of literature, music, or art.|(of a situation or problem) having the potential to become disastrous; at a point of crisis.|relating to or denoting a point of transition from one state to another.|(of a nuclear reactor or fuel) maintaining a self-sustaining chain reaction.

synonyms:
censorious|condemnatory|condemning|castigatory|reproving|denunciatory|deprecatory|disparaging|disapproving|scathing|criticizing|fault-finding|judgemental|negative|unfavourable|unsympathetic|hypercritical|ultra-critical|overcritical|pedantic|pettifogging|cavilling|carping|quibbling|niggling|pass-remarkable|nitpicking|hair-splitting|picky|griping|bitching|bellyaching|whingeing|pernickety|persnickety|reprobatory|reprobative

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘relating to the crisis of a disease’): from late Latin criticus (see critic).


word: CRITICISM
russian_word: критика
origin: early 17th century: from critic or Latin criticus + -ism.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪtɪsɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪtɪsɪz(ə)m
example:
he received a lot of criticism|alternative methods of criticism supported by well-developed literary theories

definition:
the expression of disapproval of someone or something on the basis of perceived faults or mistakes.|the analysis and judgement of the merits and faults of a literary or artistic work.

synonyms:
censure|reproval|condemnation|denunciation|disapproval|disparagement|opprobrium|captiousness|fault-finding|carping|cavilling|chastisement|castigation|upbraiding|berating|abuse|vituperation|scolding|chiding|reproofs|remonstrances|broadsides|strictures|admonishments|recriminations|aspersions|slurs|smears|nitpicking|knocking|panning|slamming|flak|a bad press|brickbats|knocks|raps|bad notices|stick|verbal|slagging off|slagging|slating|sledge|contumely|animadversion|objurgation|excoriation|reprobation|arraignment


word: CRITICIZE
russian_word: критиковать
antonyms: praise|approve of
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkrɪtɪsʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪtɪsʌɪz
example:
the opposition criticized the government's failure to consult adequately|a literary text may be criticized on two grounds: the semantic and the expressive

definition:
indicate the faults of (someone or something) in a disapproving way.|form and express a judgement of (a literary or artistic work).

synonyms:
find fault with|censure|denounce|condemn|arraign|attack|lambast|pillory|disapprove of|carp at|cavil at|rail against|inveigh against|cast aspersions on|pour scorn on|disparage|denigrate|deprecate|malign|vilify|besmirch|run down|give a bad press to|slur|knock|pan|slam|hammer|blast|bad-mouth|nitpick about|throw brickbats at|give flak to|lay into|lace into|pull to pieces|pull apart|pick holes in|hit out at|maul|savage|roast|skewer|crucify|slag off|have a go at|give some stick to|monster|slate|rubbish|pummel|cut up|trash|bag on|bag|sledge|excoriate|rate|slash|vituperate against|reprobate|animadvert on|objurgate|asperse|derogate|reprehend


word: CRITIQUE
russian_word: критика
example: a critique of Marxist historicism
origin: mid 17th century (as a noun): from French, based on Greek kritikē tekhnē ‘critical art’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɪˈtiːk
phonetics_text: krɪˈtiːk
definition:
a detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory.

synonyms:
analysis|evaluation|assessment|appraisal|appreciation|review|write-up|criticism|critical essay|textual examination|commentary|study|treatise|discourse|exposition|disquisition|account|exegesis|crit|anatomization


word: CROCK
russian_word: черепок
definition: an earthenware pot or jar.|something considered to be complete nonsense.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɒk
phonetics_text: krɒk
example:
the runner beans were then packed in layers of salt in large crocks|this whole business of an electronic community is a crock

synonyms:
earthenware pot|pot|jar|urn|pitcher|jug|ewer|vessel|container|receptacle|repository|creamer|jorum|reservatory

origin:
Old English croc, crocca, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse krukka and probably to Dutch kruik and German Krug .


word: CROCKERY
russian_word: посуда
definition: plates, dishes, cups, and other similar items, especially ones made of earthenware or china.
origin: early 18th century: from obsolete crocker ‘potter’, from crock1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒk(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒk(ə)ri
synonyms:
dishes|pots|crocks|plates|bowls|cups|saucers|pottery|china|porcelain|earthenware|stoneware|tableware|dinner service|tea service|dinnerware|delph


word: CROCKET
russian_word: лиственный орнамент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒkɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒkɪt
definition:
(in Gothic architecture) a small carved ornament, typically a bud or curled leaf, on the inclined side of a pinnacle, arch, etc.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a curl or roll of hair): from Old Northern French, variant of Old French crochet (see crotchet). The current sense dates from the late 17th century, but crotchet was used in the same sense from late Middle English until the 19th century.


word: CROCODILIAN
russian_word: крокодиловый
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˌkrɒkəˈdɪlɪən
phonetics_text: ˌkrɒkəˈdɪlɪən
definition:
a large predatory semiaquatic reptile of an order that comprises the crocodiles, alligators, caimans, and gharial. Crocodilians are distinguished by long jaws, short legs, and a powerful tail.


word: CROCOITE
russian_word: крокоита
definition: a rare bright orange mineral consisting of lead chromate.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrəʊkəʊʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊkəʊʌɪt
origin:
mid 19th century: originally as French crocoise, from Greek krokoeis ‘saffron-coloured’, from krokos ‘crocus’. The spelling was altered to crocoisite, then crocoite .


word: CROCUS
russian_word: крокус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrəʊkəs
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊkəs
definition:
a small spring-flowering Eurasian plant of the iris family, which grows from a corm and bears bright yellow, purple, or white flowers.

origin:
late Middle English (also denoting saffron, obtained from a species of crocus): via Latin from Greek krokos, of Semitic origin and related to Hebrew karkōm and Arabic kurkum .


word: CROFT
russian_word: приусадебный участок
origin: Old English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɒft
phonetics_text: krɒft
definition:
a small rented farm, especially one in Scotland, comprising a plot of arable land attached to a house and with a right of pasturage held in common with other such farms.


word: CRONY
russian_word: близкий друг
example: he went gambling with his cronies
definition: a close friend or companion.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrəʊni
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊni
synonyms:
friend|best friend|companion|boon companion|intimate|familiar|confidant(e)|alter ego|second self|comrade|associate|confederate|compatriot|colleague|workmate|co-worker|pal|chum|bosom chum|buddy|bosom buddy|spar|cully|oppo|main man|mate|china|mucker|butty|bezzie|marrow|marrer|marra|amigo|compadre|paisan|bro|homeboy|homegirl|gabba|offsider|compeer|fidus Achates|consociate

origin:
mid 17th century (originally Cambridge university slang): from Greek khronios ‘long-lasting’ (here used to mean ‘contemporary’), from khronos ‘time’. Compare with chum1.


word: CROOK
russian_word: аферист
definition: the hooked staff of a shepherd.|a person who is dishonest or a criminal.
antonyms: law-abiding citizen
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: krʊk
phonetics_text: krʊk
example:
seizing his crook from behind the door, he set off to call his dogs|the man's a crook, he's not to be trusted

synonyms:
criminal|lawbreaker|offender|villain|black hat|delinquent|malefactor|culprit|wrongdoer|transgressor|sinner|young offender|juvenile delinquent|felon|thief|robber|armed robber|burglar|housebreaker|shoplifter|mugger|fraudster|confidence trickster|swindler|racketeer|gunman|gangster|outlaw|bandit|terrorist|rapist|yakuza|holdupper|con|jailbird|(old) lag|lifer|baddie|shark|con man|con artist|hustler|crim|yardbird|yegg|lighty|tief|tea leaf|cracksman|malfeasant|misfeasor|infractor|miscreant|trespasser|trusty|transport|peculator|defalcator

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘hooked tool or weapon’): from Old Norse krókr ‘hook’. A noun sense ‘deceit, guile, trickery’ (compare with crooked) was recorded in Middle English but was obsolete by the 17th century The Australian senses are abbreviations of crooked.


word: CROOKED
russian_word: кривой
definition: bent or twisted out of shape or out of place.|dishonest; illegal.|annoyed; exasperated.
antonyms: straight
origin: Middle English: from crook, probably modelled on Old Norse krókóttr ‘crooked, cunning’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrʊkɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkrʊkɪd
example:
his teeth were yellow and crooked|a crooked business deal|‘It's not you I'm crooked on ,’ he assured Vivien

synonyms:
bent|curved|recurved|twisted|contorted|warped|angled|bowed|hooked|misshapen|deformed|malformed|out of shape|distorted|wry|gnarled|disfigured|hunched|humped|thrawn


word: CROON
russian_word: напевать
example: she was crooning to the child
definition: hum or sing in a soft, low voice, especially in a sentimental manner.
synonyms: sing softly|hum|lilt|carol|warble|trill|quaver|troll
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kruːn
phonetics_text: kruːn
origin:
late 15th century (originally Scots and northern English): from Middle Low German and Middle Dutch krōnen ‘groan, lament’. The use of croon in standard English was probably popularized by Robert Burns.


word: CROP
russian_word: урожай
synonyms: batch|lot|assortment|selection|collection|supply|intake
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krɒp
phonetics_text: krɒp
example:
the main crops were oats and barley|the current crop of politicians|she has her hair cut in a short crop|the parent waxbill partially digests food in its crop

definition:
a cultivated plant that is grown on a large scale commercially, especially a cereal, fruit, or vegetable.|a group or amount of related people or things appearing or occurring at one time.|a hairstyle in which the hair is cut very short.|short for riding crop or hunting crop.|a pouch in a bird's gullet where food is stored or prepared for digestion.|the entire tanned hide of an animal.

origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to German Kropf . From Old English to the late 18th century there existed a sense ‘flower head, ear of corn’, giving rise to crop (sense 1 of the noun) and senses referring to the top of something, whence crop (sense 4 of the noun).


word: CROP-EARED
russian_word: коротко подстриженный
part_of_speech: adjective
definition:
having the tops of the ears cut off.|(especially of a Roundhead in the English Civil War) having the hair cut very short.


word: CROP OUT
russian_word: выходить на поверхность
example:
he intended to crop out all identifying details|high hills are found where the igneous rocks of eastern South Uist crop out

definition:
remove part of a photograph or other image in order to produce a better picture or to fit a given space.|(of rock) appear or be exposed at the surface of the earth.


word: CROP UP
russian_word: возникать
example: some urgent business had cropped up
definition: appear, occur, or come to someone's notice unexpectedly.
synonyms:
happen|occur|arise|arrive|turn up|spring up|pop up|surface|emerge|materialize|appear|come to light|present itself|make an appearance|show up|come to pass|befall|hap


word: CROQUET
russian_word: крокет
example: a croquet lawn
origin: mid 19th century: perhaps a dialect form of French crochet ‘hook’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkrəʊkeɪ
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊkeɪ|ˈkrəʊki
definition:
a game played on a lawn, in which wooden balls are driven through a series of square-topped hoops by means of mallets.


word: CROSS
russian_word: крест
synonyms: crucifix|rood
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: krɒs
phonetics_text: krɒs
example:
place a cross against the preferred choice|a Galloway and shorthorn cross|Beckham's low cross was turned into the net by Cole

definition:
a mark, object, or figure formed by two short intersecting lines or pieces (+ or ×).|an upright post with a transverse bar, as used in antiquity for crucifixion.|an animal or plant resulting from cross-breeding; a hybrid.|a pass of the ball across the field towards the centre close to one's opponents' goal.

origin:
late Old English (in the sense ‘monument in the form of a cross’): from Old Norse kross, from Old Irish cros, from Latin crux .


word: CROSSBILL
russian_word: клест
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒsbɪl
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒsbɪl
definition:
a thickset finch with a crossed bill adapted for extracting seeds from the cones of conifers. The plumage is typically red in the male and olive green in the female.


word: CROSS-COUNTRY
russian_word: кросс
example: cross-country walking|an awkward, cross-country journey by train
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌkrɒsˈkʌntri
phonetics_text: ˌkrɒsˈkʌntri
definition:
across fields or countryside, as opposed to on roads or tracks.|not keeping to main or direct roads, routes, or railway lines.


word: CROSSE
russian_word: клюшка для игры в лакросс
definition: the stick used in women's field lacrosse.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɒs
phonetics_text: krɒs
origin:
mid 19th century: from French, from Old French croce ‘bishop's crook’, ultimately of Germanic origin and related to crutch.


word: CROSS-EXAMINE
russian_word: допрашивать
example: he would decline to cross-examine the prosecution witness
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌkrɒsɪɡˈzamɪn
phonetics_text: ˌkrɒsɪɡˈzamɪn
definition:
question (a witness called by the other party) in a court of law to challenge or extend testimony already given.


word: CROSSING
russian_word: пересечение
synonyms: junction|crossroads|intersection|interchange|level crossing|motorway junction|railway junction
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒsɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒsɪŋ
example:
a stream of cars was waiting for the railway crossing barriers to be opened|we were thirty yards from the crossing when a man stepped off the pavement|the crossing of the Pennines

definition:
a place where roads or railway lines cross.|a place at which one may safely cross something, especially a street.|the action of crossing something.|crossbreeding.


word: CROSSOPTERYGIAN
russian_word: кистеперые
definition: a lobe-finned fish, such as the coelacanth.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˌkrɒsɒptəˈrɪdʒɪən
phonetics_text: ˌkrɒsɒptəˈrɪdʒɪən
origin:
mid 19th century: from modern Latin Crossopterygii, from Greek krossos ‘tassel’ + pterux, pterug- ‘fin’.


word: CROSSOVER
russian_word: кроссовер
example: a jazz–classical crossover album|a crossover study
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒsəʊvə
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒsəʊvə
definition:
a point or place of crossing from one side to the other.|the process of achieving success in a different field or style, especially in popular music.|relating to or denoting trials of medical treatment in which experimental subjects and control groups are exchanged after a set period.


word: CROSSTREES
russian_word: салинг
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒstriːz
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒstriːz
definition:
a pair of horizontal struts attached to a sailing ship's mast to spread the rigging, especially at the head of a topmast.


word: CROSSWORD
russian_word: кроссворд
example: she settled down to do the crossword
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒswəːd
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒswəːd
definition:
a puzzle consisting of a grid of squares and blanks into which words crossing vertically and horizontally are written according to clues.

origin:
said to have been invented by the journalist Arthur Wynne, whose puzzle (called a ‘word-cross’) appeared in a Sunday newspaper, the New York World, on 21 December 1913.


word: CROTCH
russian_word: промежность
synonyms: groin|lap
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɒtʃ
phonetics_text: krɒtʃ
definition:
the part of the human body between the legs where they join the torso.|a fork in a tree, road, or river.

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting an agricultural or garden fork, also a crutch): perhaps related to Old French croche ‘crozier, shepherd's crook’, based on Old Norse krókr ‘hook’; partly also a variant of crutch.


word: CROTCHET
russian_word: причуда
example: the natural crotchets of inveterate bachelors
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɒtʃɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒtʃɪt
definition:
a note having the time value of a quarter of a semibreve or half a minim, represented by a large solid dot with a plain stem.|a perverse or unfounded belief or notion.

synonyms:
whim|whimsy|fancy|fad|vagary|notion|conceit|caprice|kink|twist|freak|fetish|passion|bent|foible|quirk|eccentricity|idiosyncrasy|idée fixe|hang-up|thing|megrim|singularity

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘hook’): from Old French crochet, diminutive of croc ‘hook’, from Old Norse krókr .


word: CROTCHETY
russian_word: своенравный
example: he was tired and crotchety
definition: irritable.
antonyms: good-humoured|sweet-natured
origin: early 19th century: from crotchet (sense 2) + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɒtʃɪti
phonetics_text: ˈkrɒtʃɪti
synonyms:
bad-tempered|ill-tempered|ill-natured|ill-humoured|peevish|cross|irritable|irascible|short-tempered|hot-tempered|quick-tempered|touchy|testy|prickly|peppery|fractious|crusty|moody|cantankerous|curmudgeonly|crabbed|crabby|waspish|shrewish|grumpy|grouchy|disagreeable|churlish|surly|awkward|difficult|uncooperative|contrary|perverse|argumentative|quarrelsome|in a mood|in a bad mood|out of sorts|out of temper|as cross as two sticks|snappish|snappy|chippy|on a short fuse|shirty|stroppy|narky|ratty|eggy|like a bear with a sore head|cranky|ornery|peckish|soreheaded|snaky|waxy|miffy|iracund|iracundulous


word: CROTON
russian_word: кротон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrəʊt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊt(ə)n
definition:
a strong-scented tree, shrub, or herbaceous plant of the spurge family, native to tropical and warm regions. Several kinds yield timber and other commercially important products.|a small evergreen tree or shrub of the Indo-Pacific region, which is grown for its colourful ornamental foliage.

origin:
modern Latin, from Greek krotōn ‘sheep tick’ (from the shape of the seeds of the croton in croton (sense 1)).


word: CROUCH
russian_word: пресмыкаться
example: we crouched down in the trench
origin: late Middle English: perhaps from Old French crochir ‘be bent’, from croche (see crotch).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kraʊtʃ
phonetics_text: kraʊtʃ
definition:
adopt a position where the knees are bent and the upper body is brought forward and down, typically in order to avoid detection or to defend oneself.

synonyms:
squat (down)|duck (down)|hunker down|bob down|hunch over|bend (down)|stoop (down)|bow (down)|kneel (down)|cower|cringe|shrink|huddle|scooch


word: CROW
russian_word: ворона
example: to my two sons I am still just the old crow
origin: Old English crāwe, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch kraai and German Krähe, also to crow2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krəʊ
phonetics_text: krəʊ
definition:
a large bird with mostly glossy black plumage, a heavy bill, and a raucous voice.|an old or ugly woman.


word: CROWD
russian_word: толпа
example: a huge crowd gathered in the street outside
definition: a large number of people gathered together in a disorganized or unruly way.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kraʊd
phonetics_text: kraʊd
synonyms:
throng|horde|mob|rabble|large number|mass|multitude|host|army|herd|flock|drove|swarm|sea|stream|troupe|pack|press|crush|flood|collection|company|gathering|assembly|assemblage|array|congregation|convention|concourse|gaggle|shower|rout

origin:
Old English crūdan  ‘press, hasten’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch kruien ‘push in a wheelbarrow’. In Middle English the senses ‘move by pushing’ and ‘push one's way’ arose, leading to the sense ‘congregate’, and hence (mid 16th century) to the noun.


word: CROWFOOT
russian_word: лютик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrəʊfʊt
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊfʊt
definition:
a herbaceous plant related to the buttercups, typically having lobed or divided leaves and white or yellow flowers. Many kinds are aquatic with flowers held above the water.


word: CROWN
russian_word: корона
example: the crown of the hill|a thin layer of enamel covers the crown
antonyms: bottom
synonyms: coronet|diadem|tiara|circlet|chaplet|fillet|wreath|garland|headband|coronal|taj
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kraʊn
phonetics_text: kraʊn
definition:
a circular ornamental headdress worn by a monarch as a symbol of authority, usually made of or decorated with precious metals and jewels.|the top or highest part of something.|the part of a tooth projecting from the gum.|a British coin with a face value of five shillings or 25 pence, now minted only for commemorative purposes.|a paper size, 384 × 504 mm.

origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French corune (noun), coruner (verb), Old French corone (noun), coroner (verb), from Latin corona ‘wreath, chaplet’.


word: CROZIER
russian_word: посох
definition: a hooked staff carried by a bishop as a symbol of pastoral office.|the curled top of a young fern.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrəʊzɪə
phonetics_text: ˈkrəʊzɪə
origin:
Middle English (originally denoting the person who carried a processional cross in front of an archbishop): partly from Old French croisier ‘cross-bearer’, from crois ‘cross’, based on Latin crux ; reinforced by Old French crocier ‘bearer of a bishop's crook’, from croce (see crosse).


word: CRUCIAL
russian_word: решающий
example: negotiations were at a crucial stage
definition: decisive or critical, especially in the success or failure of something.
antonyms: minor
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkruːʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkruːʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
pivotal|critical|key|climacteric|decisive|deciding|determining|settling|testing|trying|searching|major|significant|influential|momentous|consequential|weighty|big|important|historic|epoch-making|far-reaching|life-and-death

origin:
early 18th century (in the sense ‘cross-shaped’): from French, from Latin crux, cruc- ‘cross’. The sense ‘decisive’ is from Francis Bacon's Latin phrase instantia crucis ‘crucial instance’, which he explained as a metaphor from a crux or fingerpost marking a fork at a crossroad; Newton and Boyle took up the metaphor in experimentum crucis ‘crucial experiment’.


word: CRUCIAN
russian_word: карась
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkruːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkruːʃ(ə)n
definition:
a small olive-green to reddish-brown European carp of still or slow-moving waters, important as a farmed fish in eastern Europe.

origin:
mid 18th century: from Low German karusse, karutze, perhaps based on Latin coracinus, from Greek korax ‘raven’, also denoting a black fish found in the Nile.


word: CRUCIFER
russian_word: крестоцветных
origin: mid 16th century: from Christian Latin, from Latin crux, cruc- ‘cross’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkruːsɪfə
phonetics_text: ˈkruːsɪfə
definition:
a cruciferous plant, with four petals arranged in a cross.|a person carrying a cross or crucifix in a procession.


word: CRUCIFEROUS
russian_word: крестоцветный
definition: relating to or denoting plants of the cabbage family ( Cruciferae ).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kruːˈsɪf(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: kruːˈsɪf(ə)rəs
origin:
mid 19th century: from modern Latin Cruciferae (plural), from Latin crux, cruc- ‘cross’ + -fer ‘bearing’ (because the flowers have four equal petals arranged crosswise), + -ous.


word: CRUCIFY
russian_word: распинать
example: two thieves were crucified with Jesus|our fans would crucify us if we lost
antonyms: praise
synonyms: nail to a cross|hang on a cross|execute|put to death|kill|martyr
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkruːsɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈkruːsɪfʌɪ
definition:
put (someone) to death by nailing or binding them to a cross, especially as an ancient punishment.|criticize (someone) severely and unrelentingly.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French crucifier, from late Latin crucifigere, from Latin crux, cruc- ‘cross’ + figere ‘fix’. Compare with crucifix.


word: CRUDE
russian_word: сырой
example: crude oil|a relatively crude nuclear weapon|a crude joke
antonyms: refined
origin: late Middle English: from Latin crudus ‘raw, rough’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: kruːd
phonetics_text: kruːd
definition:
in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined.|constructed in a rudimentary or makeshift way.|offensively coarse or rude, especially in relation to sexual matters.

synonyms:
unrefined|unpurified|unprocessed|untreated|unmilled|unworked|unpolished|coarse|unprepared|raw|natural|plain


word: CRUDITY
russian_word: грубость
example: he criticises the crudity of design|the crudity of the language
antonyms: sophistication|decency
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkruːdɪti
phonetics_text: ˈkruːdɪti
definition:
the quality of being rudimentary or makeshift; primitiveness.|the quality of being offensively coarse or rude; vulgarity.

synonyms:
primitiveness|simplicity|oversimplicity|roughness|inaccuracy|lack of refinement|lack of sophistication|rudeness|vulgarity|suggestiveness|raciness|earthiness|bawdiness|blueness|smuttiness|smut|lewdness|salaciousness|licentiousness|ribaldry|seaminess|dirtiness|filthiness|dirt|filth|boorishness|coarseness|uncouthness|indecency|obscenity|indelicacy|crassness|tastelessness|offensiveness|naughtiness|raunchiness|sleaziness|steaminess|porn|fruitiness|sauciness|gaminess


word: CRUEL
russian_word: жестокий
example: people who are cruel to animals
definition: wilfully causing pain or suffering to others, or feeling no concern about it.
antonyms: compassionate|merciful
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin crudelis, related to crudus (see crude).
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: krʊəl
phonetics_text: krʊəl
synonyms:
brutal|savage|inhuman|barbaric|barbarous|brutish|bloodthirsty|murderous|homicidal|cut-throat|vicious|ferocious|fierce|wicked|evil|fiendish|devilish|diabolical|heinous|abominable|monstrous|atrocious|vile|hideous|ghastly|nasty|spiteful|mean|callous|sadistic|ruthless|merciless|unmerciful|pitiless|unsparing|unrelenting|remorseless|uncaring|unsympathetic|uncharitable|heartless|stony-hearted|hard-hearted|cold-hearted|cold-blooded|bloodless|unfeeling|unemotional|unkind|inhumane|severe|harsh|stern|inclement|flinty|draconian|beastly|dastardly|sanguinary


word: CRUELTY
russian_word: жестокость
example: he has treated her with extreme cruelty
definition: cruel behaviour or attitudes.
antonyms: compassion|mercy
origin: Middle English: from Old French crualte, based on Latin crudelitas, from crudelis (see cruel).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʊəlti
phonetics_text: ˈkrʊəlti
synonyms:
brutality|savagery|savageness|inhumanity|barbarism|barbarousness|brutishness|bloodthirstiness|murderousness|viciousness|ferocity|ferociousness|fierceness|callousness|sadism|ruthlessness|relentlessness|mercilessness|pitilessness|remorselessness|lack of regard|lack of sympathy|lack of charity|heartlessness|cold-heartedness|cold-bloodedness|severity|harshness|inclemency|wickedness|badness|baseness|iniquity|blackness|black-heartedness|evil|fiendishness|devilishness|heinousness|nastiness|unkindness|abuse|ferity


word: CRUISE
russian_word: круиз
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kruːz
phonetics_text: kruːz
example:
they were cruising off the California coast|we sit in a jet, cruising at some 30,000 ft|my daughter cruised at seven months and didn't walk until just after her first birthday

definition:
sail about in an area without a precise destination, especially for pleasure.|(of a motor vehicle or aircraft) travel smoothly at a moderate or economical speed.|(of a young child) walk while holding on to furniture or other structures, prior to learning to walk without support.

synonyms:
sail|steam|voyage|journey|travel by boat|take a cruise|take a boat trip|take a sea trip|take a sailing trip|go sailing|go yachting|go boating

origin:
mid 17th century (as a verb): probably from Dutch kruisen ‘to cross’, from kruis ‘cross’, from Latin crux .


word: CRUMB
russian_word: крошка
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krʌm
phonetics_text: krʌm
example:
she brushed some cake crumbs off her dress|the Budget provided few crumbs of comfort|he's an absolute crumb

definition:
a small fragment of bread, cake, or biscuit.|a very small amount of something.|an objectionable or contemptible person.|granulated rubber, usually made from recycled car tyres.

synonyms:
fragment|bit|morsel|particle|tiny piece|speck|scrap|shred|sliver|atom|grain|granule|trace|tinge|mite|iota|jot|whit|ounce|scintilla|vestige|soupçon|stim|smidgen|smidge|tad|scantling|scruple

origin:
Old English cruma, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch kruim and German Krume . The final -b was added in the 16th century, perhaps from crumble but also influenced by words such as dumb, where the original final -b is retained although no longer pronounced.


word: CRUMBLE
russian_word: крошиться
example: the plaster started to crumble
definition: break or fall apart into small fragments, especially as part of a process of deterioration.
origin: late Middle English: probably from an Old English word related to crumb.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌmb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌmb(ə)l
synonyms:
disintegrate|fall down|fall to pieces|fall apart|collapse|break down/up|tumble down|fragment|decay|fall into decay|deteriorate|degenerate|go to rack and ruin|decompose|rot|rot away|come apart at the seams|moulder|perish|come to dust


word: CRUMMY
russian_word: грязный
example: a crummy little room
definition: dirty, unpleasant, or of poor quality.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌmi
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌmi
synonyms:
inferior|substandard|below standard|below par|poor|bad|deficient|defective|faulty|imperfect|mediocre|inadequate|insufficient|appalling|abject|abysmal|atrocious|awful|terrible|dreadful|unsatisfactory|low-grade|second-rate|third-rate|jerry-built|shoddy|crude|tinny|trashy|miserable|wretched|lamentable|deplorable|pitiful|execrable|unpleasant|disagreeable|uncomfortable|nasty|horrible|dismal|hateful|frightful|unacceptable|dire|bum|diabolical|rotten|sad|tatty|tenth-rate|ropy|duff|rubbish|rubbishy|pants|a load of pants|grotty|weak sauce|direful|egregious|crap|crappy

origin:
mid 19th century (earlier in the literal senses ‘crumbly’ and ‘like or covered with crumbs’): variant of crumby.


word: CRUMPET
russian_word: пышка
example: fat chance of our running into any crumpet
origin: late 17th century: of unknown origin. crumpet (sense 2 of the noun) dates from the 1930s.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌmpɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌmpɪt
definition:
a thick, flat, savoury cake with a soft, porous texture, made from a yeast mixture cooked on a griddle and eaten toasted and buttered.|people, especially women, regarded as objects of sexual desire.|a person's head.


word: CRUMPLE
russian_word: мять
example: he crumpled up the paper bag
definition: crush (something, typically paper or cloth) so that it becomes creased and wrinkled.
antonyms: smooth out|iron
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌmp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌmp(ə)l
synonyms:
crush|scrunch up|screw up|squash|squeeze|scrumple|crease|wrinkle|crinkle|rumple|ruck up|tumble|ruckle

origin:
Middle English: from obsolete crump  ‘make or become curved’, from Old English crump  ‘bent, crooked’, of West Germanic origin; related to German krumm .


word: CRUNCH
russian_word: хруст
synonyms: munch|chew noisily|chomp|champ|bite|gnaw|masticate|eat|devour|consume|chumble
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: krʌn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: krʌn(t)ʃ
example:
she paused to crunch a ginger biscuit|the program crunches data from 14,000 sensors to decipher evolving patterns

definition:
crush (a hard or brittle foodstuff) with the teeth, making a loud but muffled grinding sound.|(especially of a computer) process (large quantities of information).

origin:
early 19th century (as a verb): variant of 17th-century cranch (probably imitative), by association with crush and munch.


word: CRUNCHER
russian_word: Кранчер
example: the big cruncher—have you got anything to contribute to skating?|a global information cruncher
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌntʃə
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌntʃə
definition:
a critical or vital point; a crucial or difficult question.|a computer, system, or person able to perform very large or complex operations.


word: CRUPPER
russian_word: круп
origin: Middle English: from Old French cropiere, related to croupe (see croup2). Compare with croupier.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌpə
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌpə
definition:
a strap buckled to the back of a saddle and looped under the horse's tail to prevent the saddle or harness from slipping forward.


word: CRUSADE
russian_word: крестовый поход
example: the fanaticism engendered by the Crusades|a crusade against crime
synonyms: campaign|drive|push|move|movement|effort|struggle|battle|war|offensive
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kruːˈseɪd
phonetics_text: kruːˈseɪd
definition:
each of a series of medieval military expeditions made by Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries.|a vigorous campaign for political, social, or religious change.

origin:
late 16th century (originally as croisade ): from French croisade, an alteration (influenced by Spanish cruzado ) of earlier croisée, literally ‘the state of being marked with the cross’, based on Latin crux, cruc- ‘cross’; in the 17th century the form crusado, from Spanish cruzado, was introduced. The blending of these two forms led to the current spelling, first recorded in the early 18th century.


word: CRUSADER
russian_word: крестоносец
example: crusaders for early detection and treatment of mental illnesses
synonyms: campaigner|fighter|battler|champion|advocate|promoter|enthusiast|reformer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kruːˈseɪdə
phonetics_text: kruːˈseɪdə
definition:
a fighter in the medieval Crusades.|a person who campaigns vigorously for political, social, or religious change; a campaigner.


word: CRUSE
russian_word: глиняный горшок
definition: an earthenware pot or jar.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kruːz
phonetics_text: kruːz
origin:
Old English crūse, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch kroes and German Krause ; reinforced in Middle English by Low German krūs .


word: CRUSH
russian_word: давка
example: the front of his car was crushed in the collision|I was crushed—was I not good enough?
origin: Middle English: from Old French cruissir, ‘gnash (teeth) or crack’, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: krʌʃ
phonetics_text: krʌʃ
definition:
compress or squeeze forcefully so as to break, damage, or distort in shape.|violently subdue (opposition or a rebellion).|make (someone) feel overwhelmingly disappointed or embarrassed.

synonyms:
squash|squeeze|press|compress|pulp|mash|macerate|mangle|flatten|trample on|tread on|squidge|splat|smush|pulverize|pound|grind|break up|smash|shatter|crumble|crunch|splinter|mill|pestle|triturate|comminute|bray|levigate|powderize|kibble


word: CRUST
russian_word: кора
example: a sandwich with the crusts cut off|a crust of snow|I've been earning a crust wherever I can
synonyms: outer layer/part|outside|exterior|heel|end|remnant
origin: Middle English: from Old French crouste, from Latin crusta ‘rind, shell, crust’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: krʌst
phonetics_text: krʌst
definition:
the tough outer part of a loaf of bread.|a hardened layer, coating, or deposit on the surface of something soft.|a living or livelihood.


word: CRUSTACEA
russian_word: ракообразные
origin: modern Latin (plural), from crusta (see crust).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krʌˈsteɪʃ(ə)
phonetics_text: krʌˈsteɪʃ(ə)
definition:
a large group of mainly aquatic arthropods which include crabs, lobsters, shrimps, woodlice, barnacles, and many minute forms. They are very diverse, but most have four or more pairs of limbs and several other appendages.


word: CRUX
russian_word: затруднение
example: the crux of the matter is that attitudes have changed
definition: the decisive or most important point at issue.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krʌks
phonetics_text: krʌks
synonyms:
nub|heart|essence|most important point|central point|main point|essential part|core|centre|nucleus|kernel|the bottom line

origin:
mid 17th century (denoting a representation of a cross, chiefly in crux ansata ‘ankh’, literally ‘cross with a handle’): from Latin, literally ‘cross’.


word: CRY
russian_word: крик
antonyms: laugh
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: krʌɪ
phonetics_text: krʌɪ
example:
don't cry—it'll be all right|the centre forward cried in pain as he went down under the challenge|at the shoreline, gulls cried overhead

definition:
shed tears, typically as an expression of distress, pain, or sorrow.|shout or scream, typically to express fear, pain, or grief.|(of a bird or other animal) make a loud characteristic call.

synonyms:
weep|shed tears|sob|wail|be in tears|cry one's eyes out|cry one's heart out|bawl|howl|snivel|whimper|whine|squall|mewl|bleat|lament|grieve|mourn|keen|greet|boohoo|blub|blubber|turn on the waterworks|grizzle|pule|plain

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘ask for earnestly or loudly’): from Old French crier (verb), cri (noun), from Latin quiritare ‘raise a public outcry’, literally ‘call on the Quirites (Roman citizens) for help’.


word: CRY OFF
russian_word: идти на попятный
example: we were going to Spain together and he cried off at the last moment
definition: go back on a promise or fail to keep to an arrangement.
synonyms:
back out|pull out|cancel|withdraw|beg off|excuse oneself|change one's mind|go back on one's word|break one's promise|get cold feet|cop out|wimp out|crap out


word: CRYOGENIC
russian_word: криогенный
example: a powerful cryogenic engine|a body being prepared for cryogenic preservation
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: krʌɪə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪk
phonetics_text: krʌɪə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪk
definition:
relating to or involving the branch of physics that deals with the production and effects of very low temperatures.|relating to the deep-freezing of the bodies of people who have just died, in the hope that scientific advances may allow them to be revived in the future.


word: CRYOGENICS
russian_word: физика низких температур
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkrʌɪə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪks
phonetics_text: ˌkrʌɪə(ʊ)ˈdʒɛnɪks
definition:
the branch of physics dealing with the production and effects of very low temperatures.|another term for cryonics.


word: CRYOGLOBULIN
russian_word: криоглобулиновый
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkrʌɪə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn
phonetics_text: ˌkrʌɪə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn
definition:
a protein which occurs in the blood in certain disorders. It can be precipitated out of solution below 10°C, causing obstruction in the fingers and toes.


word: CRYOLITE
russian_word: криолит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌɪəlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌɪəlʌɪt
definition:
a white or colourless mineral consisting of a fluoride of sodium and aluminium. It is added to bauxite as a flux in aluminium smelting.

origin:
early 19th century: from cryo- ‘cold, frost’ (because the main deposits are found in Greenland) + -lite.


word: CRYOSTAT
russian_word: криостат
example: cryostat sections about 5μm thick
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrʌɪə(ʊ)stat
phonetics_text: ˈkrʌɪə(ʊ)stat
definition:
an apparatus for maintaining a very low temperature.|a cold chamber in which frozen tissue is divided with a microtome.


word: CRYPT
russian_word: склеп
synonyms: tomb|vault|mausoleum|burial chamber|sepulchre|catacomb|ossuary|undercroft|cellar|basement|mastaba
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: krɪpt
phonetics_text: krɪpt
definition:
an underground room or vault beneath a church, used as a chapel or burial place.|a small tubular gland, pit, or recess.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘cavern’): from Latin crypta, from Greek kruptē ‘a vault’, from kruptos ‘hidden’.


word: CRYPTIC
russian_word: загадочный
example: he found his boss's utterances too cryptic|cryptic plumage is thought to minimize predation
antonyms: straightforward|clear
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɪptɪk
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪptɪk
definition:
having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure.|(of coloration or markings) serving to camouflage an animal in its natural environment.

synonyms:
enigmatic|mysterious|hard to understand|confusing|mystifying|perplexing|puzzling|obscure|abstruse|arcane|oracular|Delphic|ambiguous|elliptical|oblique|as clear as mud

origin:
early 17th century: from late Latin crypticus, from Greek kruptikos, from kruptos ‘hidden’. cryptic (sense 2) dates from the late 19th century.


word: CRYPTOBIOSIS
russian_word: криптобиоз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkrɪptə(ʊ)bʌɪˈəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌkrɪptə(ʊ)bʌɪˈəʊsɪs
definition:
a physiological state in which metabolic activity is reduced to an undetectable level without disappearing altogether. It is known in certain plant and animal groups adapted to survive periods of extremely dry conditions.

origin:
1920s (denoting the practice of living in concealed habitats): from crypto- ‘concealed, secret’ + Greek biōsis ‘mode of life’ (from bios ‘life’).


word: CRYPTOCOCCOSIS
russian_word: криптококкоз
origin: early 20th century: from modern Latin Cryptococcus (part of the binomial of the fungus) + -osis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkrɪptə(ʊ)kəˈkəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌkrɪptə(ʊ)kəˈkəʊsɪs
definition:
infestation with a yeastlike fungus, resulting in tumours in the lungs and sometimes spreading to the brain. It occurs chiefly in the United States.


word: CRYPTOGAM
russian_word: споровое растение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪptə(ʊ)ɡam
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪptə(ʊ)ɡam
definition:
a plant that has no true flowers or seeds, including ferns, mosses, liverworts, lichens, algae, and fungi.

origin:
mid 19th century: from French cryptogame, from modern Latin cryptogamae (plantae ), denoting non-flowering plants, from Greek kruptos ‘hidden’ + gamos ‘marriage’ (because the means of reproduction was not apparent).


word: CRYPTOGAMIC
russian_word: споровый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: krɪptə(ʊ)ˈɡamɪk
phonetics_text: krɪptə(ʊ)ˈɡamɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting cryptogams.|(of a desert soil or surface crust) covered with or consisting of a fragile black layer of cyanobacteria, mosses, and lichens, which is often important in preventing erosion.


word: CRYPTOSPORIDIUM
russian_word: криптоспоридии
origin: early 20th century: from crypto- ‘concealed’ + modern Latin sporidium ‘small spore’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkrɪptə(ʊ)spɒˈrɪdɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌkrɪptə(ʊ)spɒˈrɪdɪəm
definition:
a parasitic coccidian protozoan found in the intestinal tract of many vertebrates, where it sometimes causes disease.


word: CRYPTOZOOLOGY
russian_word: криптозоология
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkrɪptəʊzuːˈɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌkrɪptəʊzuːˈɒlədʒi
definition:
the search for and study of animals whose existence or survival is disputed or unsubstantiated, such as the Loch Ness monster and the yeti.


word: CRYSTALLITE
russian_word: кристаллит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkrɪst(ə)lʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪst(ə)lʌɪt
definition:
an individual perfect crystal or region of regular crystalline structure in the substance of a material, typically of a metal or a partly crystalline polymer.


word: CRYSTALLIZE
russian_word: кристаллизоваться
synonyms: form crystals|solidify|harden
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkrɪst(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪst(ə)lʌɪz
example:
when most liquids freeze they crystallize|vague feelings of unrest crystallized into something more concrete|no deduction is given for contingent liabilities until they crystallize

definition:
form or cause to form crystals.|make or become definite and clear.|convert or be converted from a floating charge into a fixed charge.


word: CRYSTALLIZED
russian_word: кристаллизуется
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkrɪstəlʌɪzd
phonetics_text: ˈkrɪstəlʌɪzd
example:
crystallized sugar|a box of crystallized fruits|she didn't have any crystallized plans for her career path after graduation

definition:
formed into crystals; having a crystalline form.|(of fruit or ginger) coated and impregnated with sugar as a means of preservation.|made clear or definite.


word: CTENOID
russian_word: гребневидный
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek kteis, kten- ‘comb’ + -oid.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈtiːnɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈtiːnɔɪd
definition:
(of fish scales) having many tiny projections on the edge like the teeth of a comb, as in many bony fishes.


word: CUB
russian_word: детеныш
synonyms: baby|whelp|young|offspring
origin: mid 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kʌb
phonetics_text: kʌb
example:
she was as protective as a tiger with her cubs|she tells an anecdote about his wanting to join the Cubs

definition:
the young of a fox, bear, lion, or other carnivorous mammal.|a junior branch of the Scout Association, for boys aged about 8 to 11.


word: CUBBY
russian_word: уютное местечко
definition: a cubbyhole.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌbi
phonetics_text: ˈkʌbi
origin:
mid 17th century (originally Scots, denoting a straw basket): related to dialect cub ‘stall, pen, hutch’, of Low German origin.


word: CUBE
russian_word: куб
example: what is the surface area of a 2 cm cube?|a body increasing in weight by the cube of its length
synonyms: hexahedron|cuboid|parallelepiped|block|brick|lump|chunk
origin: mid 16th century: from Old French, or via Latin from Greek kubos .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kjuːb
phonetics_text: kjuːb
definition:
a symmetrical three-dimensional shape, either solid or hollow, contained by six equal squares.|the product of a number multiplied by its square, represented by a superscript figure 3.


word: CUBISM
russian_word: кубизм
origin: early 20th century: from French cubisme, from cube (see cube).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjuːbɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːbɪz(ə)m
definition:
an early 20th-century style and movement in art, especially painting, in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned and use was made of simple geometric shapes, interlocking planes, and, later, collage.


word: CUBIT
russian_word: локоть
origin: Middle English: from Latin cubitum ‘elbow, forearm, cubit’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjuːbɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːbɪt
definition:
an ancient measure of length, approximately equal to the length of a forearm. It was typically about 18 inches or 44 cm, though there was a long cubit of about 21 inches or 52 cm.


word: CUCKOOFLOWER
russian_word: сердечник луговой
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʊkuːflaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈkʊkuːflaʊə
definition:
a spring-flowering herbaceous European plant with pale lilac flowers, growing in damp meadows and by streams.

origin:
late 16th century: so named because it flowers at the time of year when the cuckoo is first heard calling.


word: CUCKOOING
russian_word: кукует
example: the operation is aimed at disrupting the gangs and providing support to victims of cuckooing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʊkuːɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkʊkuːɪŋ
definition:
the practice of taking over the home of a vulnerable person in order to establish a base for illegal drug dealing, typically as part of a county lines operation.

origin:
early 21st century: from cuckoo, alluding to the bird's habit of occupying the nests of other birds.


word: CUDDLE
russian_word: прижиматься
example: he cuddles the baby close
definition: hold close in one's arms as a way of showing love or affection.
origin: early 16th century (rare before the 18th century): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈkʌd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkʌd(ə)l
synonyms:
hug|embrace|clasp|hold tight|hold in one's arms|fold in one's arms|caress|pet|fondle|canoodle|smooch|spoon|bill and coo|snuggle|nestle|curl|nuzzle|lie close|burrow against|huddle against|snug down


word: CUDGEL
russian_word: дубина
definition: a short, thick stick used as a weapon.
origin: Old English cycgel, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkʌdʒ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkʌdʒ(ə)l
synonyms:
club|bludgeon|stick|truncheon|baton|blackthorn|mace|bat|blackjack|billy|billy club|nightstick|shillelagh|lathi|danda|kierie|knobkerrie|cosh|life preserver


word: CUE
russian_word: кий
example: she had not yet been given her cue to come out on to the dais
origin: mid 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kjuː
phonetics_text: kjuː
definition:
a thing said or done that serves as a signal to an actor or other performer to enter or to begin their speech or performance.|a facility for playing through an audio or video recording very rapidly until a desired starting point is reached.

synonyms:
signal|sign|indication|prompt|reminder|prompting|nod|word|hint|suggestion|intimation|high sign|zeitgeber


word: CUESTA
russian_word: куэста
definition: a ridge with a gentle slope (dip) on one side and a steep slope (scarp) on the other.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkwɛstə
phonetics_text: ˈkwɛstə
origin:
early 19th century (originally a US term for a steep slope at the edge of a plain): from Spanish, ‘slope’, from Latin costa ‘rib, flank’.


word: CUFF
russian_word: манжета
example: a red dress with a white lace collar and cuffs|when the cuffs went on he had braced his wrists
origin: late Middle English (denoting a glove or mitten): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kʌf
phonetics_text: kʌf
definition:
the end part of a sleeve, where the material of the sleeve is turned back or a separate band is sewn on.|handcuffs.|an inflatable bag wrapped round the arm when blood pressure is measured.


word: CUFFLINK
russian_word: запонка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌflɪŋk
phonetics_text: ˈkʌflɪŋk
definition:
a device for fastening together the sides of a shirt cuff, typically a pair of linked studs or a single plate connected to a short swivelling rod, passed through a hole in each side of the cuff.


word: CUIRASS
russian_word: кираса
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kwɪˈras
phonetics_text: kwɪˈras
definition:
a piece of armour consisting of breastplate and backplate fastened together.|an artificial ventilator which encloses the body, leaving the limbs free, and forces air in and out of the lungs by changes in pressure.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French cuirace, based on late Latin coriaceus (adjective), from corium ‘leather’ (of which a cuirass was originally made).


word: CUISINE
russian_word: кухня
example: much Venetian cuisine is based on seafood
synonyms: cooking|fare|food|haute cuisine|cordon bleu|nouvelle cuisine|cookery
origin: late 18th century: French, literally ‘kitchen’, from Latin coquina, from coquere ‘to cook’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kwɪˈziːn
phonetics_text: kwɪˈziːn
definition:
a style or method of cooking, especially as characteristic of a particular country, region, or establishment.


word: CULL
russian_word: отбирать
example: he sees culling deer as a necessity|anecdotes culled from Greek and Roman history
synonyms: slaughter|kill|destroy|reduce the numbers of|thin out the population of
origin: Middle English: from Old French coillier, based on Latin colligere (see collect1).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kʌl
phonetics_text: kʌl
definition:
reduce the population of (a wild animal) by selective slaughter.|select from a large quantity; obtain from a variety of sources.


word: CULLET
russian_word: стеклобой
definition: recycled broken or waste glass used in glass-making.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌlɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌlɪt
origin:
early 19th century: variant of collet, in the obsolete sense ‘glass left on the blowing-iron when the finished article is removed’.


word: CULMINATE
russian_word: кульминировать
definition: reach a climax or point of highest development.|(of a celestial body) reach or be at the meridian.
antonyms: start|begin|peter out
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkʌlmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌlmɪneɪt
example:
weeks of violence culminated in the brutal murder of a magistrate|the star culminates at midnight on about the 30th April

synonyms:
come to a climax|come to a crescendo|come to a head|reach a finale|peak|climax|reach a pinnacle|build up to|lead up to|come to an end with|end with|finish with|conclude with|close with|terminate with|wind up

origin:
mid 17th century (in astronomy and astrology): from late Latin culminat- ‘exalted’, from the verb culminare, from culmen ‘summit’.


word: CULMINATION
russian_word: кульминация
example: the deal marked the culmination of years of negotiation
antonyms: nadir
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kʌlmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kʌlmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.|the reaching of the meridian by a celestial body.

synonyms:
climax|pinnacle|peak|high point|highest point|height|high water mark|top|summit|crest|zenith|crowning moment|apotheosis|apex|apogee|vertex|finale|denouement|consummation|completion|finish|conclusion|close|termination|high noon


word: CULPABLE
russian_word: виновный
example: mercy killings are less culpable than ‘ordinary’ murders
definition: deserving blame.
antonyms: blameless|innocent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌlpəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkʌlpəb(ə)l
synonyms:
to blame|guilty|at fault|in the wrong|blameworthy|blameable|censurable|reproachable|reprovable|found wanting|responsible|answerable|liable|accountable

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘deserving punishment’): from Old French coupable, culpable, from Latin culpabilis, from culpare ‘to blame’, from culpa ‘fault, blame’.


word: CULPRIT
russian_word: преступник
example: the car's front nearside door had been smashed in but the culprits had fled
definition: a person who is responsible for a crime or other misdeed.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌlprɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌlprɪt
synonyms:
guilty party|offender|wrongdoer|person responsible|criminal|malefactor|lawbreaker|felon|delinquent|reprobate|evil-doer|transgressor|sinner|baddie|bad guy|wrong 'un|crook|crim|malfeasant|misfeasor|infractor|miscreant

origin:
late 17th century (originally in the formula Culprit, how will you be tried?, said by the Clerk of the Crown to a prisoner pleading not guilty): perhaps from a misinterpretation of the written abbreviation cul. prist for Anglo-Norman French Culpable: prest d'averrer notre bille ‘(You are) guilty: (We are) ready to prove our indictment’; in later use influenced by Latin culpa ‘fault, blame’.


word: CULT
russian_word: культ
example: the cult of St Olaf|the series has become a bit of a cult in the UK
synonyms: craze|fashion|fad|vogue|thing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kʌlt
phonetics_text: kʌlt
definition:
a system of religious veneration and devotion directed towards a particular figure or object.|a person or thing that is popular or fashionable among a particular group or section of society.

origin:
early 17th century (originally denoting homage paid to a divinity): from French culte or Latin cultus ‘worship’, from cult- ‘inhabited, cultivated, worshipped’, from the verb colere .


word: CULTISH
russian_word: культовыми
example: weird cultish beliefs|a popular band with a cultish following
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌltɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltɪʃ
definition:
relating to or characteristic of a small group of people having religious beliefs regarded by others as strange or as imposing excessive control over members.|relating to a person or thing that is popular or fashionable among a particular group or section of society.


word: CULTIVAR
russian_word: сорт
origin: 1920s: blend of cultivate and variety.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌltɪvɑː
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltɪvɑː
definition:
a plant variety that has been produced in cultivation by selective breeding. Cultivars are usually designated in the style Taxus baccata ‘Variegata’.


word: CULTIVATE
russian_word: культивировать
example: the peasants who cultivated the land became its owners|he cultivated an air of indifference
definition: prepare and use (land) for crops or gardening.|try to acquire or develop (a quality or skill).
synonyms: till|plough|dig|turn|hoe|farm|work|prepare|fertilize|mulch
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkʌltɪveɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltɪveɪt
origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin cultivat- ‘prepared for crops’, from the verb cultivare, from cultiva (terra) ‘arable (land)’, from colere ‘cultivate, inhabit’.


word: CULTIVATED
russian_word: культурный
example: he was a remarkably cultivated and educated man
definition: refined and well educated.
antonyms: ignorant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌltɪveɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltɪveɪtɪd
synonyms:
cultured|educated|well read|well informed|civilized|enlightened|discerning|discriminating|refined|polished|sophisticated|urbane|cosmopolitan|courteous|polite|well mannered|mannerly|gracious|couth


word: CULTIVATION
russian_word: выращивание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kʌltɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: kʌltɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the cultivation of arable crops|the cultivation of good staff–management relations|a man of cultivation and taste

definition:
the action of cultivating land, or the state of being cultivated.|the process of trying to acquire or develop a quality or skill.|refinement and good education.

synonyms:
growing|raising|rearing|farming|culture|planting|sowing|agriculture|agronomy|horticulture|husbandry|tillage


word: CULTURAL
russian_word: культурный
example: the cultural diversity of British society|a cultural festival
synonyms: ethnic|racial|folk|societal|lifestyle
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin cultura ‘tillage’ + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌltʃ(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltʃ(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
relating to the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a society.|relating to the arts and to intellectual achievements.


word: CULTURE
russian_word: культура
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkʌltʃə
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltʃə
example:
20th century popular culture|Afro-Caribbean culture|the cells proliferate readily in culture|this variety of lettuce is popular for its ease of culture

definition:
the arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively.|the ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a particular people or society.|the cultivation of bacteria, tissue cells, etc. in an artificial medium containing nutrients.|the cultivation of plants.

synonyms:
the arts|the humanities|intellectual achievement(s)|intellectual activity|literature|music|painting|philosophy

origin:
Middle English (denoting a cultivated piece of land): the noun from French culture or directly from Latin cultura ‘growing, cultivation’; the verb from obsolete French culturer or medieval Latin culturare, both based on Latin colere ‘tend, cultivate’ (see cultivate). In late Middle English the sense was ‘cultivation of the soil’ and from this (early 16th century), arose ‘cultivation (of the mind, faculties, or manners’); culture (sense 1 of the noun) dates from the early 19th century.


word: CULTURED
russian_word: культурный
example: a cultured and intelligent man|cultured tumour cells
antonyms: ignorant|unrefined|unsophisticated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌltʃəd
phonetics_text: ˈkʌltʃəd
definition:
characterized by refined taste and manners and good education.|(of tissue cells, bacteria, etc.) grown or propagated in an artificial medium.

synonyms:
cultivated|artistic|enlightened|civilized|educated|well educated|well read|well informed|learned|knowledgeable|discerning|discriminating|with good taste|refined|polished|sophisticated|urbane|intellectual|highbrow|scholarly|erudite|arty


word: CULVERIN
russian_word: кулеврина
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌlv(ə)rɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkʌlv(ə)rɪn
definition:
a 16th- or 17th-century cannon with a relatively long barrel for its bore.|a kind of handgun of the 15th and 16th centuries.

origin:
late 15th century (in culverin (sense 2)): from Old French coulevrine, from couleuvre ‘snake’, based on Latin colubra .


word: CUMBERSOME
russian_word: громоздкий
example: cumbersome diving suits
definition: large or heavy and therefore difficult to carry or use; unwieldy.
antonyms: manageable|convenient
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘difficult to get through’): from cumber + -some1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌmbəs(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈkʌmbəs(ə)m
synonyms:
unwieldy|unmanageable|awkward|clumsy|ungainly|inconvenient|incommodious|bulky|large|heavy|hefty|weighty|burdensome|hulking|clunky|cumbrous|unhandy|lumbersome


word: CUMIN
russian_word: тмин
example: add a pinch of cumin
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌmɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkʌmɪn|ˈk(j)uːmɪn
definition:
the aromatic seeds of a plant of the parsley family, used as a spice, especially ground and used in curry powder.|the small, slender plant which bears cumin seeds, occurring from the Mediterranean to central Asia.

origin:
Old English cymen, from Latin cuminum, from Greek kuminon, probably of Semitic origin and related to Hebrew kammōn and Arabic kammūn ; superseded in Middle English by forms from Old French cumon, comin, also from Latin.


word: CUMMINGTONITE
russian_word: куммингтонит
origin: early 19th century: named after Cummington, a town in Massachusetts, US, + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌmɪŋtənʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌmɪŋtənʌɪt
definition:
a mineral occurring typically as brownish fibrous crystals in some metamorphic rocks. It is a magnesium-rich iron silicate of the amphibole group.


word: CUMULATIVE
russian_word: кумулятивный
example: the cumulative effect of two years of drought
definition: increasing or increased in quantity, degree, or force by successive additions.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkjuːmjʊlətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːmjʊlətɪv
synonyms:
increasing|accumulative|accumulating|growing|progressive|accruing|snowballing|mounting|collective|aggregate|amassed|knock-on


word: CUMULONIMBUS
russian_word: кучево-дождевые облака
example: the development of clouds from fair-weather cumulus to giant cumulonimbus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkjuːmjʊləʊˈnɪmbəs
phonetics_text: ˌkjuːmjʊləʊˈnɪmbəs
definition:
cloud forming a towering mass with a flat base at fairly low altitude and often a flat top, as in thunderstorms.


word: CUNNING
russian_word: хитрость
example: a cunning look came into his eyes|Baby will look too cunning for anything in that pink print
definition: having or showing skill in achieving one's ends by deceit or evasion.|attractive or quaint.
antonyms: honest|guileless|naive
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkʌnɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkʌnɪŋ
synonyms:
crafty|wily|artful|guileful|devious|sly|knowing|scheming|designing|tricky|slippery|slick|manipulative|Machiavellian|deceitful|deceptive|duplicitous|Janus-faced|shrewd|astute|clever|canny|sharp|sharp-witted|skilful|ingenious|resourceful|inventive|imaginative|deft|adroit|dexterous|foxy|savvy|fiendish|sneaky|fly|pawky|slim|subtle|vulpine|carny

origin:
Middle English: perhaps from Old Norse kunnandi ‘knowledge’, from kunna ‘know’ (related to can1), or perhaps from Middle English cunne, an obsolete variant of can1. The original sense was ‘(possessing) erudition or skill’ and had no implication of deceit; the sense ‘deceitfulness’ dates from late Middle English.


word: CUP
russian_word: чашка
example: the bars offered large glasses of white wine cup
synonyms: trophy|chalice|award|prize
origin: Old English: from popular Latin cuppa, probably from Latin cupa ‘tub’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kʌp
phonetics_text: kʌp
definition:
a small bowl-shaped container for drinking from, typically having a handle.|an ornamental trophy in the form of a cup, usually made of gold or silver and having a stem and two handles, awarded as a prize in a sports contest.|a cup-shaped thing.|a mixed drink made from fruit juices and typically containing wine or cider.


word: CUPEL
russian_word: определять пробу
origin: early 17th century (as a noun): from French coupelle, diminutive of coupe ‘goblet’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkjuːp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːp(ə)l
definition:
a shallow, porous container in which gold or silver can be refined or assayed by melting with a blast of hot air which oxidizes lead or other base metals.


word: CUPIDITY
russian_word: алчность
example: new wealth, however tainted by cupidity and egoism, tends to be favourable for the arts
definition: greed for money or possessions.
antonyms: generosity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kjuːˈpɪdɪti
phonetics_text: kjuːˈpɪdɪti
synonyms:
greed|avarice|avariciousness|acquisitiveness|covetousness|rapacity|rapaciousness|materialism|mercenariness|meanness|miserliness|money-grubbing|money-grabbing|an itching palm|grabbiness|Mammonism

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French cupidite or Latin cupiditas, from cupidus ‘desirous’, from cupere ‘to desire’. Compare with covet.


word: CUPRAMMONIUM
russian_word: медно-аммиачного
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkjuːprəˈməʊnɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌkjuːprəˈməʊnɪəm
definition:
a complex ion, Cu(NH3)42+, formed in solution when ammonia is added to copper salts. The solution is deep blue and is used to dissolve cellulose.


word: CUR
russian_word: текущ
definition: an aggressive or unkempt dog, especially a mongrel.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəː
phonetics_text: kəː
synonyms:
dog|hound|canine|tyke|mongrel|half-breed|cross|mixed breed|hybrid|male dog|bitch|pup|puppy|whelp|yellow dog|kuri|pye-dog|pariah dog|doggy|pooch|mutt|mong|bitzer|bigener

origin:
Middle English (in the general sense ‘dog’): probably originally in cur-dog, perhaps from Old Norse kurr ‘grumbling’.


word: CURABLE
russian_word: излечимый
example: most skin cancers are completely curable|a radiation-curable coating
antonyms: incurable
synonyms: remediable|treatable|medicable|operable|responsive to treatment
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin curabilis, from Latin curare (see cure).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkjʊərəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊərəb(ə)l
definition:
(of a disease or condition) able to be cured.|(of plastic, varnish, etc.) able to be hardened by some additive or other agent.


word: CURARE
russian_word: кураре
origin: late 18th century: from a Carib word, partly via Spanish and Portuguese.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kjʊˈrɑːri
phonetics_text: kjʊˈrɑːri
definition:
a bitter resinous substance obtained from the bark and stems of some South American plants. It paralyses the motor nerves and is traditionally used by some Indian peoples to poison their arrows and blowpipe darts.


word: CURATED
russian_word: Куратор
example: individuals still desire curated news content
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kjʊ(ə)ˈreɪtəd
phonetics_text: kjʊ(ə)ˈreɪtəd
definition:
(of online content, merchandise, information, etc.) selected, organized, and presented using professional or expert knowledge.


word: CURATIVE
russian_word: лечебный
example: the curative properties of herbs
definition: able to cure disease.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkjʊərətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊərətɪv
synonyms:
healing|therapeutic|medicinal|remedial|curing|corrective|restorative|tonic|health-giving|healthful|sanative|febrifugal|vulnerary|analeptic|iatric

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘relating to cures’): from French curatif, -ive, from medieval Latin curativus, from Latin curare (see cure).


word: CURATOR
russian_word: куратор
example: the curator of drawings at the National Gallery
definition: a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.
synonyms: custodian|keeper|conservator|guardian|caretaker|steward
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kjʊ(ə)ˈreɪtə
phonetics_text: kjʊ(ə)ˈreɪtə
origin:
late Middle English (denoting an ecclesiastical pastor, also (still a Scots legal term) the guardian of a minor): from Old French curateur or, in later use, directly from Latin curator, from curare (see cure). The current sense dates from the mid 17th century.


word: CURB
russian_word: обочина
example: plans to introduce tougher curbs on insider dealing
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kəːb
phonetics_text: kəːb
definition:
a check or restraint on something.|a type of bit with a strap or chain attached which passes under a horse's lower jaw, used as a check.|variant spelling of kerb.|a swelling on the back of a horse's hock, caused by spraining a ligament.

synonyms:
restraint|restriction|check|brake|rein|control|limitation|limit|constraint|stricture|deterrent|damper|suppressant|retardant|crackdown|clampdown|trammel

origin:
late 15th century (denoting a strap fastened to the bit): from Old French courber ‘bend, bow’, from Latin curvare (see curve).


word: CURCUMA
russian_word: куркума
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəːkjʊmə
phonetics_text: ˈkəːkjʊmə
definition:
a tropical Asian plant of a genus that includes turmeric, zedoary, and other species that yield spices, dyes, and medicinal products.

origin:
modern Latin, from Arabic kurkum ‘saffron’, from Sanskrit kuṅkuma (so named because the colour of the spices resembles that of saffron).


word: CURCUMIN
russian_word: куркумин
example: the group taking curcumin reported that they had significantly less pain
origin: from Arabic kurkum ‘saffron, turmeric’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəːkjʊmɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkəːkjʊmɪn
definition:
a bright yellow phenolic compound that is the main constituent of turmeric powder, used as a food colouring and flavouring and as a dietary supplement.


word: CURDLE
russian_word: свертываться
example: take care not to let the soup boil or it will curdle
definition: separate or cause to separate into curds or lumps.
origin: late 16th century: frequentative of obsolete curd ‘congeal’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈkəːd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkəːd(ə)l
synonyms:
clot|coagulate|congeal|separate into curds/lumps|solidify|thicken|condense|turn|turn sour|sour|ferment


word: CURE
russian_word: лечение
example: he was cured of the disease|home-cured ham
synonyms: heal|restore to health|make well|make better|restore|rehabilitate|treat successfully|cleanse
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kjʊə
phonetics_text: kjʊə|kjɔː
definition:
relieve (a person or animal) of the symptoms of a disease or condition.|preserve (meat, fish, tobacco, or an animal skin) by salting, drying, or smoking.

origin:
Middle English (as a noun): from Old French curer (verb), cure (noun), both from Latin curare ‘take care of’, from cura ‘care’. The original noun senses were ‘care, concern, responsibility’, in particular spiritual care (hence cure (sense 3 of the noun)). In late Middle English the senses ‘medical care’ and ‘successful medical treatment’ arose, and hence ‘remedy’.


word: CURE-ALL
russian_word: панацея
definition: a medicine or other remedy that will supposedly cure any ailment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjʊərɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊərɔːl
example:
it was prized as a cure-all, for there seemed to be few common ailments which did not respond to treatment with comfrey

synonyms:
panacea|universal cure|cure for all ills|universal remedy|sovereign remedy|heal-all|nostrum|elixir|wonder drug|perfect solution|magic formula|magic bullet|catholicon|diacatholicon|panpharmacon


word: CURETTE
russian_word: кюретка
origin: mid 18th century (as a noun): from French, from curer ‘cleanse’, from Latin curare (see cure).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kjʊəˈrɛt
phonetics_text: kjʊəˈrɛt
definition:
a small surgical instrument used to remove material by a scraping action, especially from the uterus.


word: CURIO
russian_word: антикварная вещь
example: they had such fun over the wonderful box of curios that Jack had sent from India
definition: a rare, unusual, or intriguing object.
origin: mid 19th century: abbreviation of curiosity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjʊərɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊərɪəʊ
synonyms:
trinket|knick-knack|bibelot|ornament|bauble|gimcrack|gewgaw|antique|collector's item|object of virtu|rarity|curiosity|objet|objet d'art|kickshaw|whatnot|dingle-dangle|doodah|doobry|tchotchke|tsatske|folderol|furbelow|whim-wham|bijou|gaud|bygone


word: CURIOSITY
russian_word: любопытство
definition: a strong desire to know or learn something.|an unusual or interesting object or fact.
synonyms: inquisitiveness|interest|spirit of inquiry|nosiness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kjʊərɪˈɒsɪti
phonetics_text: kjʊərɪˈɒsɪti
example:
filled with curiosity, she peered through the window|he showed them some of the curiosities of the house

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French curiousete, from Latin curiositas, from curiosus (see curious).


word: CURIOUS
russian_word: любопытный
definition: eager to know or learn something.|strange; unusual.
antonyms: ordinary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkjʊərɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊərɪəs
example:
I began to be curious about the whereabouts of the bride and groom|a curious sensation overwhelmed her

synonyms:
strange|odd|peculiar|funny|unusual|bizarre|weird|eccentric|queer|unexpected|unfamiliar|abnormal|out of the ordinary|atypical|anomalous|untypical|different|out of the way|surprising|incongruous|extraordinary|remarkable|puzzling|mystifying|mysterious|perplexing|baffling|unaccountable|inexplicable|irregular|singular|offbeat|unconventional|unorthodox|outlandish|off-centre|aberrant|freak|freakish|deviant|uncanny|eerie|unnatural|out of the common|outré|unco|off the wall|wacky|rum|wacko

origin:
Middle English: from Old French curios, from Latin curiosus ‘careful’, from cura ‘care’. curious (sense 2) dates from the early 18th century.


word: CURIUM
russian_word: кюрий
origin: 1940s: modern Latin, from the name of Marie and Pierre Curie.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjʊərɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊərɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 96, a radioactive metal of the actinide series. Curium does not occur naturally and was first made by bombarding plutonium with helium ions.


word: CURL
russian_word: завить
synonyms: wind|twine|entwine|wrap|crimp|wave|tong|perm|go curly|go frizzy|frizz out|frizzle|crinkle
origin: late Middle English: from obsolete crulle ‘curly’, from Middle Dutch krul .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kəːl
phonetics_text: kəːl
example:
her fingers curled round the microphone|slowly curl the barbell to shoulder height|during the severe spell in 1740, men curled on the pond

definition:
form or cause to form into a curved or spiral shape.|(in weight training) lift (a weight) using only the hands, wrists, and forearms.|play at the game of curling.


word: CURLING
russian_word: керлинг
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkəːlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkəːlɪŋ
definition:
a game played on ice, especially in Scotland and Canada, in which large round flat stones are slid across the surface towards a mark. Members of a team use brooms to sweep the surface of the ice in the path of the stone to control its speed and direction.


word: CURLY
russian_word: кудрявый
example: my hair is just naturally thick and curly
definition: made, growing, or arranged in curls or curves.
antonyms: straight
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkəːli
phonetics_text: ˈkəːli
synonyms:
wavy|curling|curled|crimped|permed|frizzy|frizzed|kinked|kinky|crinkly|fuzzy|corkscrew|wiry|ringletty|ringletted


word: CURRANT
russian_word: смородина
example: a currant bun
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌr(ə)nt
definition:
a small dried fruit made from a small seedless variety of grape originally grown in the eastern Mediterranean region and much used in cooking.|a Eurasian shrub which produces small edible black, red, or white berries.

origin:
Middle English raisons of Corauntz, translating Anglo-Norman French raisins de Corauntz ‘grapes of Corinth’ (the original source).


word: CURRENCY
russian_word: валюта
example: the dollar was a strong currency|the term gained wider currency after the turn of the century
synonyms: money|legal tender|medium of exchange|cash|banknotes|notes|paper money|coins|coinage|bills|specie
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌr(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈkʌr(ə)nsi
definition:
a system of money in general use in a particular country.|the fact or quality of being generally accepted or in use.


word: CURRENT
russian_word: ток
example: keep abreast of current events
definition: belonging to the present time; happening or being used or done now.
antonyms: past
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkʌr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌr(ə)nt
synonyms:
contemporary|present-day|present|contemporaneous|ongoing|topical|in the news|live|alive|happening|burning|modern|latest|popular|fashionable|in fashion|in vogue|up to date|up to the minute|de nos jours|trendy|now|in

origin:
Middle English (in the adjective sense ‘running, flowing’): from Old French corant ‘running’, from courre ‘run’, from Latin currere ‘run’.


word: CURRICULUM
russian_word: учебный план
example: course components of the school curriculum
definition: the subjects comprising a course of study in a school or college.
origin: early 19th century: from Latin (see curricle).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈrɪkjʊləm
phonetics_text: kəˈrɪkjʊləm
synonyms:
syllabus|course of study/studies|programme of study/studies|educational programme|subjects|modules|timetable|schedule


word: CURSE
russian_word: проклятие
example: she'd put a curse on him|at every blow there was a curse
origin: Old English, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kəːs
phonetics_text: kəːs
definition:
a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something.|an offensive word or phrase used to express anger or annoyance.

synonyms:
malediction|the evil eye|imprecation|execration|voodoo|hoodoo|anathema|excommunication|hex|cess|jinx|malison|ban


word: CURSED
russian_word: проклял
example: his cursed tidy-mindedness
definition: used to express annoyance or irritation.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkəːsɪd
phonetics_text: ˈkəːsɪd|kəːst
synonyms:
under a curse|damned|doomed|ill-fated|ill-starred|star-crossed|anathematized|excommunicated|excommunicate|fey|jinxed|accursed


word: CURSORY
russian_word: беглый
example: a cursory glance at the figures
definition: hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
antonyms: thorough|painstaking
origin: early 17th century: from Latin cursorius ‘of a runner’, from cursor (see cursor).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkəːs(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈkəːs(ə)ri
synonyms:
perfunctory|desultory|casual|superficial|token|uninterested|half-hearted|inattentive|unthinking|offhand|mechanical|automatic|routine|hasty|quick|hurried|rapid|brief|passing|fleeting|summary|sketchy|careless|slapdash


word: CURT
russian_word: краткий
example: his reply was curt
definition: rudely brief.
antonyms: polite|expansive
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘short, shortened’): from Latin curtus ‘cut short, abridged’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kəːt
phonetics_text: kəːt
synonyms:
terse|brusque|abrupt|clipped|blunt|short|monosyllabic|summary|snappy|snappish|sharp|crisp|tart|gruff|offhand|unceremonious|ungracious|rude|impolite|discourteous|uncivil|laconic|brief|succinct|compact|pithy|to the point|economical|snippy|dusty


word: CURTAIL
russian_word: сокращать
example: civil liberties were further curtailed
definition: reduce in extent or quantity; impose a restriction on.
antonyms: increase|lengthen
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: kəːˈteɪl
phonetics_text: kəːˈteɪl
synonyms:
reduce|cut|cut down|cut back|decrease|lessen|diminish|slim down|tighten up|retrench|pare down|trim|dock|lop|shrink|shorten|cut short|break off|truncate|restrict|put a restriction on|limit|put a limit on|curb|put the brakes on|rein in|rein back|chop

origin:
late 15th century: from obsolete curtal  ‘horse with a docked tail’, from French courtault, from court ‘short’, from Latin curtus . The change in the ending was due to association with tail1 and perhaps also with French tailler ‘to cut’.


word: CURTAILMENT
russian_word: сокращение
example: the curtailment of human rights
definition: the action or fact of reducing or restricting something.
antonyms: increase|expansion
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kəˈteɪlm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: kəˈteɪlm(ə)nt
synonyms:
reduction|cut|cutback|decrease|lessening|diminution|retrenchment|shrinkage|shortening|truncation|guillotine|restriction|limitation


word: CURTAIN
russian_word: занавес
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkəːt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkəːt(ə)n
example:
she drew the curtains and lit the fire|he wants to see you directly the curtain comes down|it looked like curtains for me

definition:
a piece of material suspended at the top to form a screen, typically movable sideways along a rail and found as one of a pair at a window.|a screen of heavy cloth or other material that can be raised or lowered at the front of a stage.|a disastrous outcome.

synonyms:
window hanging|hanging|screen|blind|net curtain|cafe curtain|portière|blackout|drop curtain|drop scene|tableau curtain|safety curtain|drape|purdah|cover|shield|cloak|veil|pall

origin:
Middle English: from Old French cortine, from late Latin cortina, translation of Greek aulaia, from aulē ‘court’.


word: CURTAIN CALL
russian_word: вызов актера
example: they were taking a curtain call together
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the appearance of one or more performers on stage after a performance to acknowledge the audience's applause.


word: CURTSY
russian_word: реверанс
example: she bobbed a curtsy to him
definition: a woman's or girl's formal greeting made by bending the knees with one foot in front of the other.
synonyms: bob|genuflection|courtesy|obeisance
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkəːtsi
phonetics_text: ˈkəːtsi
origin:
early 16th century: variant of courtesy. Both forms were used to denote the expression of respect or courtesy by a gesture, especially in phrases such as do courtesy, make courtesy, and from this arose the current use (late 16th century).


word: CURULE
russian_word: курульных
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈkjʊəruːl
phonetics_text: ˈkjʊəruːl
definition:
denoting or relating to the authority exercised by the senior magistrates in ancient Rome, chiefly the consul and praetor, who were entitled to use the sella curulis (‘curule seat’, a kind of folding chair).

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin curulis, from currus ‘chariot’ (in which the chief magistrate was conveyed to the seat of office), from currere ‘to run’.


word: CURVACEOUS
russian_word: с красивыми округлыми формами
example: a curvaceous young woman
definition: having an attractively curved shape (used especially of a woman or a woman's figure).
antonyms: skinny|boyish
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kəːˈveɪʃəs
phonetics_text: kəːˈveɪʃəs
synonyms:
shapely|voluptuous|sexy|full-figured|rounded|buxom|full-bosomed|bosomy|Junoesque|Rubensesque|opulent|cuddly|hot|curvy|well endowed|pneumatic|stacked|well upholstered|busty|chesty|thick|thicc|comely


word: CURVE
russian_word: кривая
example: the parapet wall sweeps down in a bold curve
definition: a line or outline which gradually deviates from being straight for some or all of its length.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: kəːv
phonetics_text: kəːv
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin curvare ‘to bend’, from curvus ‘bent’. The noun dates from the late 17th century.


word: CUSCUS
russian_word: кускус
origin: mid 17th century: via French and Dutch from a local name in the Molucca Islands.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌskʌs
phonetics_text: ˈkʌskʌs
definition:
a tree-dwelling marsupial with a rounded head and prehensile tail, native to New Guinea and northern Australia.


word: CUSHION
russian_word: подушка
example: comfortable chairs and sofas piled with cushions|underlay forms a cushion between carpet and floor
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈkʊʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈkʊʃ(ə)n
definition:
a bag of cloth stuffed with a mass of soft material, used as a comfortable support for sitting or leaning on.|something providing support or protection against impact.

synonyms:
pillow|bolster|headrest|scatter cushion|floor cushion|beanbag|booster cushion|squab|hassock|kneeler|mat|pillion|zabuton

origin:
Middle English: from Old French cuissin, based on a Latin word meaning ‘cushion for the hip’, from coxa ‘hip, thigh’. The Romans also had a word cubital ‘elbow cushion’, from cubitus ‘elbow’.


word: CUSTODIAN
russian_word: хранитель
example: the custodians of pension and insurance funds
definition: a person who has responsibility for taking care of or protecting something.
origin: late 18th century: from custody, on the pattern of guardian .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kʌˈstəʊdɪən
phonetics_text: kʌˈstəʊdɪən
synonyms:
curator|keeper|conservator|guardian|overseer|superintendent|caretaker|steward|warden|attendant|watchdog|protector|defender|warder


word: CUSTODY
russian_word: опека
example: the property was placed in the custody of a trustee|my father was being taken into custody
definition: the protective care or guardianship of someone or something.|imprisonment.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin custodia, from custos ‘guardian’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌstədi
phonetics_text: ˈkʌstədi
synonyms:
care|guardianship|charge|keeping|safe keeping|wardship|ward|responsibility|protection|guidance|tutelage|custodianship|trusteeship|trust|keep|possession|hands|supervision|superintendence|surveillance|control|aegis|auspices|escrow


word: CUSTOM
russian_word: обычай
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌstəm
phonetics_text: ˈkʌstəm
example:
the old English custom of dancing round the maypole|if you keep me waiting, I will take my custom elsewhere

definition:
a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time.|regular dealings with a shop or business by customers.

synonyms:
tradition|practice|usage|observance|way|convention|procedure|ceremony|ritual|ordinance|form|formality|fashion|mode|manner|shibboleth|sacred cow|unwritten rule|mores|way of doing things|consuetude|praxis

origin:
Middle English: from Old French coustume, based on Latin consuetudo, from consuetus, past participle of consuescere ‘accustom’, from con- (expressing intensive force) + suescere ‘become accustomed’.


word: CUSTOMARILY
russian_word: обычно
example: the leaves are customarily used for animal fodder
definition: in a way which follows customs or usual practices; usually.
antonyms: occasionally
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈkʌstəm(ə)rɪli
phonetics_text: ˈkʌstəm(ə)rɪli
synonyms:
usually|traditionally|normally|as a rule|conventionally|generally|in the ordinary way|ordinarily|commonly|habitually|routinely


word: CUSTOMARY
russian_word: обычный
example: it is customary to mark an occasion like this with a toast
antonyms: unusual|exceptional|rare
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈkʌstəm(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈkʌstəm(ə)ri
definition:
according to the customs or usual practices associated with a particular society, place, or set of circumstances.

synonyms:
usual|traditional|normal|conventional|familiar|accepted|prevailing|routine|fixed|set|established|confirmed|everyday|ordinary|common|stock|well worn|time-honoured

origin:
late Middle English (as a noun): from medieval Latin custumarius, from custuma, from Anglo-Norman French custume (see custom).


word: CUSTOMER
russian_word: клиент
example: Mr Harrison was a regular customer at the Golden Lion|he's a tough customer
antonyms: seller
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌstəmə
phonetics_text: ˈkʌstəmə
definition:
a person who buys goods or services from a shop or business.|a person of a specified kind with whom one has to deal.

synonyms:
shopper|consumer|buyer|purchaser|patron|client|regular|frequenter|habitué|clientele|patronage|business|trade|punter|vendee|emptor


word: CUSTOMS
russian_word: таможенный
example: cocaine seizures by customs have risen this year
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌstəmz
phonetics_text: ˈkʌstəmz
definition:
the official department that administers and collects the duties levied by a government on imported goods.

origin:
late Middle English: originally in the singular, denoting a customary due paid to a ruler, later duty levied on goods on their way to market.


word: CUT
russian_word: вырезать
antonyms: increase
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: kʌt
phonetics_text: kʌt
example:
he cut his toe on a sharp stone|cut the beef into thin slices|workmen cut a hole in the pipe|Ted was cutting the lawn|buyers will bargain hard to cut the cost of the house they want|we resolved to cut oil supplies to territories controlled by the rebels|mark the point where the line cuts the vertical axis|‘Cut’ shouted a voice, followed by ‘Could we do it again, please?’|dealers cut the drugs to stretch their supply|Cook cut the ball back to him|let's cut for dealer|they cut her in public

definition:
make an opening, incision, or wound in (something) with a sharp-edged tool or object.|divide into pieces with a knife or other sharp implement.|make or form (something) by using a sharp tool to remove material.|trim or reduce the length of (grass, hair, etc.) by using a sharp implement.|reduce the size, amount, or quantity of.|end or interrupt the provision of (a supply).|(of a line) cross or intersect (another line).|stop filming or recording.|mix (an illegal drug) with another substance.|strike or kick (a ball) with an abrupt, typically downward motion.|divide a pack of playing cards by lifting a portion from the top, either to reveal a card at random or to place the top portion under the bottom portion.|ignore or refuse to recognize (someone).

synonyms:
gash|slash|lacerate|slit|pierce|penetrate|wound|injure|scratch|graze|nick|snick|notch|incise|score|lance

origin:
Middle English (probably existing, although not recorded, in Old English); probably of Germanic origin and related to Norwegian kutte and Icelandic kuta ‘cut with a small knife’, kuti ‘small blunt knife’.


word: CUT DOWN
russian_word: урезать
example: some 24 hectares of trees were cut down|I should cut down my sugar intake
synonyms: fell|chop down|hack down|saw down|hew
definition:
cause something to fall by cutting it through at the base.|reduce the size, amount, or quantity of something.


word: CUTE
russian_word: милый
example: she had a cute little nose|she had a real cute idea
antonyms: unattractive|unappealing
origin: early 18th century (in the sense ‘clever, shrewd’): shortening of acute.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: kjuːt
phonetics_text: kjuːt
definition:
attractive in a pretty or endearing way.|clever or cunning, especially in a self-seeking or superficial way.

synonyms:
endearing|adorable|lovable|sweet|lovely|appealing|engaging|delightful|dear|darling|winning|winsome|charming|enchanting|attractive|pretty|as pretty as a picture|chocolate-box|bonny|cutesy|dinky|twee|pretty-pretty|adorbs


word: CUT GLASS
russian_word: хрустальная посуда
example: fine English cut glass|a cut-glass accent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌkʌt ˈɡlɑːs
phonetics_text: ˌkʌt ˈɡlɑːs
definition:
glass ornamented with patterns cut into it by grinding and polishing.|characterized by precise and careful enunciation.


word: CUTICLE
russian_word: кутикула
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjuːtɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːtɪk(ə)l
example:
you've been gnawing at your cuticles|the cuticle is the hair's protective shield|the body is covered with a non-living cuticle of chitin

definition:
the dead skin at the base of a fingernail or toenail.|the outer cellular layer of a hair.|a protective and waxy or hard layer covering the epidermis of a plant, invertebrate, or shell.

origin:
late 15th century (denoting a membrane of the body): from Latin cuticula, diminutive of cutis ‘skin’.


word: CUTIE
russian_word: милашка
example: a sandy-haired cutie
definition: an attractive or endearing person or animal.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjuːti
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːti
synonyms:
sweetheart|darling|dear|love|angel|lamb|sweetie|sweetie pie|cutie pie|pet|poppet|treasure|ray of sunshine|dote


word: CUTIN
russian_word: кутина
origin: mid 19th century: from cutis + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkjuːtɪn
phonetics_text: ˈkjuːtɪn
definition:
a waxy water-repellent substance in the cuticle of plants, consisting of highly polymerized esters of fatty acids.


word: CUT IN
russian_word: врезать
synonyms: interrupt|butt in|break in|interject|interpose|chime in|chip in
example:
seconds later the emergency generators cut in|‘It's urgent,’ Raoul cut in|the bus driver, seeing that the car on the outside was cutting in, should have braked gently and avoided any collision|it annoyed the hell out of him that she hadn't cut him in|Saturday night she goes to an informal dance where men are rare and any girl may cut in

definition:
(of a motor or other mechanical device) begin operating, especially when triggered automatically by an electrical signal.|interrupt someone while they are speaking.|pull in too closely in front of another vehicle after having overtaken it.|include someone in a deal and give them a share of the profits.|interrupt a dancing couple to take over from one partner.


word: CUTLER
russian_word: ножовщик
definition: a person who makes or sells cutlery.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌtlə
phonetics_text: ˈkʌtlə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French coutelier, from coutel ‘knife’, from Latin cultellus, diminutive of culter ‘knife, ploughshare’. Compare with coulter.


word: CUTLET
russian_word: котлета
example: a pork cutlet
definition: a portion of meat, usually served grilled or fried and often covered in breadcrumbs.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌtlɪt
phonetics_text: ˈkʌtlɪt
origin:
early 18th century: from French côtelette, earlier costelette, diminutive of coste ‘rib’, from Latin costa .


word: CUT OFF
russian_word: отрезать
antonyms: restore
synonyms: discontinue|break off|disconnect|interrupt|suspend|stop|end|bring to an end
example:
once the loaf is out of the oven, it's very tempting to cut off a piece to try|the electricity has been cut off within the hotel|the couple were cut off by a fast-moving tide|he cut her off and went on to another subject|Gabrielle's family cut her off without a penny|he told troopers he lost control of his truck after a vehicle cut him off

definition:
remove something using a sharp implement.|stop the provision of something, especially power or water.|prevent someone from having access to somewhere or someone.|interrupt someone while they are speaking.|reject someone as one's heir; disinherit someone.|drive aggressively into the path of another driver while overtaking.


word: CUT OUT
russian_word: выключать
example:
she cut his photograph out of the paper|start today by cutting out fatty foods|both the lifeboat's engines cut out at times as they hit the seabed|she was working her way towards the door and when no one was watching, she cut out

definition:
remove or make something by separating it from something larger with a sharp implement.|remove, exclude, or stop eating or doing something.|(of a motor or device) suddenly stop operating.|(of a person) leave quickly, especially so as to avoid a boring or awkward situation.

synonyms:
give up|refrain from|abstain from|go without|stop drinking/eating|quit|leave off|pack in|lay off|knock off


word: CUTTING
russian_word: резка
example: the cutting of the cake|grass cuttings|they found the cutting and scrambled down the slope
synonyms: piece|bit|fragment|part|trimming
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈkʌtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈkʌtɪŋ
definition:
the action of cutting something.|a piece cut off from something, especially what remains when something is being trimmed or prepared.|an open passage excavated through higher ground for a railway, road, or canal.


word: CUTTLE
russian_word: каракатица
definition: a cuttlefish.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈkʌt(ə)l
origin:
Old English cudele  ‘cuttlefish’, of Germanic origin; related to codd ‘bag’, with reference to its ink bag.


word: CUTTLEBONE
russian_word: каракатиц
example: parakeets require only a cuttlebone to hone their beaks
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌtlbəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈkʌtlbəʊn
definition:
the flattened oval internal skeleton of the cuttlefish, which is made of white lightweight chalky material. It is used as a dietary supplement for cage birds and for making casts for precious metal items.


word: CUT UP
russian_word: разрезать
example: she was pretty cut up about them leaving
antonyms: unaffected|phlegmatic
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
definition:
(of soft ground) rutted and uneven after the passage of heavy vehicles or animals.|(of a person) very distressed.

synonyms:
upset|distressed|miserable|unhappy|sad|troubled|dismayed|saddened|grieved|hurt|devastated|traumatized|in a state|in a bad way


word: CUTWATER
russian_word: водорез
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌtwɔːtə
phonetics_text: ˈkʌtwɔːtə
definition:
the forward edge of a ship's prow.|a wedge-shaped projection on the pier of a bridge, which divides the flow of water and prevents debris from becoming trapped against the pier.


word: CUTWORM
russian_word: гусеница озимой совки
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈkʌtwəːm
phonetics_text: ˈkʌtwəːm
definition:
a moth caterpillar that lives in the upper layers of the soil and eats through the stems of young plants at ground level.


word: CUVETTE
russian_word: кювета
origin: early 18th century: from French, diminutive of cuve ‘cask’, from Latin cupa .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: kjuːˈvɛt
phonetics_text: kjuːˈvɛt
definition:
a straight-sided clear container for holding liquid samples in a spectrophotometer or other instrument.


word: CYANIDE
russian_word: цианид
origin: early 19th century: from cyanogen + -ide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪənʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪənʌɪd
definition:
a salt or ester of hydrocyanic acid, containing the anion CN− or the group —CN. The salts are generally extremely toxic.


word: CYANOACRYLATE
russian_word: цианакрилат
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪənəʊˈakrɪleɪt
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪənəʊˈakrɪleɪt
definition:
any of a class of compounds which are cyanide derivatives of acrylates. They are easily polymerized and are used to make quick-setting adhesives.


word: CYANOBACTERIA
russian_word: цианобактерии
origin: modern Latin (plural), from Greek kuaneos ‘dark blue’ + plural of bacterium.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪənəʊbakˈtɪərɪə
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪənəʊbakˈtɪərɪə
definition:
a division of microorganisms that are related to the bacteria but are capable of photosynthesis. They are prokaryotic and represent the earliest known form of life on the earth.


word: CYANOCOBALAMIN
russian_word: цианокобаламин
origin: 1950s: from cyanogen and cobalamin (blend of cobalt and vitamin).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪənə(ʊ)kəˈbaləmɪn
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪənə(ʊ)kəˈbaləmɪn
definition:
a vitamin derived from foods of animal origin such as liver, fish, and eggs, a deficiency of which can cause pernicious anaemia. It contains a cyanide group bonded to the central cobalt atom of a cobalamin molecule.


word: CYANOGEN
russian_word: циан
definition: a colourless flammable highly poisonous gas made by oxidizing hydrogen cyanide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌɪˈanədʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: sʌɪˈanədʒ(ə)n
origin:
early 19th century: from French cyanogène, from Greek kuanos ‘dark blue mineral’ + -gène (see -gen), so named because it is a constituent of Prussian blue.


word: CYBERSECURITY
russian_word: кибербезопасности
example: some people have argued that the threat to cybersecurity has been somewhat inflated
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪbəsɪˌkjʊərɪti
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪbəsɪˌkjʊərɪti
definition:
the state of being protected against the criminal or unauthorized use of electronic data, or the measures taken to achieve this.


word: CYBERSEX
russian_word: киберсекс
example: more people seemed to be in a mood to talk about cybersex
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪbəsɛks
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪbəsɛks
definition:
sexual arousal using computer technology, especially by wearing virtual reality equipment or by exchanging messages with another person via the internet.


word: CYBERSQUATTING
russian_word: киберсквоттинг
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪbəskwɒtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪbəskwɒtɪŋ
definition:
the practice of registering names, especially well-known company or brand names, as internet domains, in the hope of reselling them at a profit.


word: CYBERTERRORISM
russian_word: кибертерроризм
example: a bill that would make it easier for law enforcement to wiretap computers and combat cyberterrorism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌɪbəˈtɛrərɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: sʌɪbəˈtɛrərɪz(ə)m
definition:
the politically motivated use of computers and information technology to cause severe disruption or widespread fear in society.


word: CYBERWAR
russian_word: кибервойна
example: cyberwar is asymmetric, which means it benefits lesser military powers as much as military goliaths
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪbəwɔː
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪbəwɔː
definition:
the use of computer technology to disrupt the activities of a state or organization, especially the deliberate attacking of information systems for strategic or military purposes.


word: CYCAD
russian_word: Саговник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪkad
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪkad
definition:
a palmlike plant of tropical and subtropical regions, bearing large male or female cones. Cycads were abundant during the Triassic and Jurassic eras, but have since been in decline.

origin:
mid 19th century: from modern Latin Cycas, Cycad- (order name), from supposed Greek kukas, scribal error for koikas, plural of koix ‘Egyptian palm’.


word: CYCLAMATE
russian_word: цикламат
origin: 1950s: contraction of cyclohexylsulphamate .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪkləmeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈsɪkləmeɪt|ˈsʌɪkləmeɪt
definition:
a salt of a synthetic acid which is a cyclohexyl derivative of sulphamic acid. Sodium and calcium cyclamates were formerly used as artificial sweeteners.


word: CYCLAMEN
russian_word: цикламен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪkləmən
phonetics_text: ˈsɪkləmən
definition:
a European plant of the primrose family, having pink, red, or white flowers with backward-curving petals and grown as a winter-flowering pot plant.

origin:
modern Latin, from Latin cyclaminos, from Greek kuklaminos, perhaps from kuklos ‘circle’, with reference to its bulbous roots.


word: CYCLE
russian_word: цикл
synonyms: round|rotation|revolution|circle|pattern|rhythm
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, from late Latin cyclus, from Greek kuklos ‘circle’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈsʌɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪk(ə)l
example:
the recurrent cycle of harvest failure, food shortages, and price increases|the painting is one of a cycle of seven|for the energetic, cycles may be hired

definition:
a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order.|a complete set or series.|a bicycle or tricycle.


word: CYCLICAL
russian_word: циклический
example: the cyclical nature of the cement industry
definition: occurring in cycles; recurrent.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsɪklɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsɪklɪk(ə)l
synonyms:
recurrent|recurring|happening at regular intervals|regular|repeated|repetitive|periodic|seasonal|circular


word: CYCLIN
russian_word: циклин
origin: 1980s: from cycle + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪklɪn
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪklɪn
definition:
any of a number of proteins associated with the cycle of cell division which are thought to initiate certain processes of mitosis.


word: CYCLIZE
russian_word: циклизуются
example: some derivatives may cyclize spontaneously
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈsʌɪklʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪklʌɪz
definition:
undergo or cause to undergo a reaction in which one part of a molecule becomes linked to another to form a closed ring.


word: CYCLOGENESIS
russian_word: образование циклона
origin: 1920s: from cyclo- + genesis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪkləʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪkləʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs
example:
cyclogenesis is common on the lee side of the mountains at the locations of the Alberta and Colorado storm track

definition:
the development or strengthening of an area of low pressure in the atmosphere, resulting in the formation of a cyclone.


word: CYCLOHEXANE
russian_word: циклогексана
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈhɛkseɪn
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈhɛkseɪn
definition:
a colourless flammable liquid cycloalkane obtained from petroleum or by hydrogenating benzene, and used as a solvent and paint remover.


word: CYCLOID
russian_word: циклоида
origin: mid 17th century: from Greek kukloeidēs ‘circular’, from kuklos ‘circle’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪklɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪklɔɪd
definition:
a curve (resembling a series of arches) traced by a point on a circle being rolled along a straight line.


word: CYCLOMETER
russian_word: циклометр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌɪˈklɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: sʌɪˈklɒmɪtə
definition:
an instrument for measuring circular arcs.|an instrument attached to a bicycle for measuring the distance it travels.


word: CYCLONE
russian_word: циклон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪkləʊn
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪkləʊn
definition:
a system of winds rotating inwards to an area of low barometric pressure, with an anticlockwise (northern hemisphere) or clockwise (southern hemisphere) circulation; a depression.

origin:
mid 19th century: probably from Greek kuklōma ‘wheel, coil of a snake’, from kuklos ‘circle’. The change of spelling from -m to -n is unexplained.


word: CYCLOPROPANE
russian_word: циклопропан
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈprəʊpeɪn
phonetics_text: sʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈprəʊpeɪn
definition:
a flammable gaseous synthetic compound whose molecule contains a ring of three carbon atoms. It has some use as a general anaesthetic.


word: CYCLOSPORIN
russian_word: циклоспорин
origin: 1970s: from cyclo- + -sporin (from Latin spora ‘spore’) + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈspɔːrɪn
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈspɔːrɪn
definition:
a drug with immunosuppressive properties used to prevent the rejection of grafts and transplants. A cyclic peptide, it is obtained from a fungus.


word: CYCLOTHYMIA
russian_word: циклотимия
origin: 1920s: from cyclo- + Greek thumos ‘temper’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈθʌɪmɪə
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪklə(ʊ)ˈθʌɪmɪə
definition:
a mental state characterized by marked swings of mood between depression and elation; bipolar disorder.


word: CYGNET
russian_word: молодой лебедь
definition: a young swan.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪɡnɪt
phonetics_text: ˈsɪɡnɪt
origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French cignet, diminutive of Old French cigne ‘swan’, based on Latin cycnus, from Greek kuknos .


word: CYME
russian_word: сложный зонтик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sʌɪm
phonetics_text: sʌɪm
definition:
a flower cluster with a central stem bearing a single terminal flower that develops first, the other flowers in the cluster developing as terminal buds of lateral stems.

origin:
early 18th century (denoting the unopened head of a plant): from French, literally ‘summit’, from a popular variant of Latin cyma .


word: CYNIC
russian_word: циник
example: some cynics thought that the controversy was all a publicity stunt
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪnɪk
phonetics_text: ˈsɪnɪk
definition:
a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest rather than acting for honourable or unselfish reasons.|a member of a school of ancient Greek philosophers founded by Antisthenes, marked by an ostentatious contempt for ease and pleasure. The movement flourished in the 3rd century BC and revived in the 1st century AD.

origin:
mid 16th century (in cynic (sense 2)): from Latin cynicus, from Greek kunikos ; probably originally from Kunosarges, the name of a gymnasium where Antisthenes taught, but popularly taken to mean ‘doglike, churlish’, kuōn, kun-, ‘dog’ becoming a nickname for a Cynic.


word: CYNICAL
russian_word: циничный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsɪnɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈsɪnɪk(ə)l
example:
he was brutally cynical and hardened to every sob story under the sun|a cynical manipulation of public opinion

definition:
believing that people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.|concerned only with one's own interests and typically disregarding accepted standards in order to achieve them.


word: CYNICISM
russian_word: цинизм
antonyms: optimism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪnɪsɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈsɪnɪsɪz(ə)m
definition:
an inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; scepticism.|a school of ancient Greek philosophers, the Cynics.

synonyms:
scepticism|doubt|distrust|mistrust|doubtfulness|suspicion|disbelief|incredulity|unbelief|scoffing|pessimism|negative thinking|negativity|world-weariness|disillusion|disenchantment|dubiety|sardonicism


word: CYPRESS
russian_word: кипарис
origin: Middle English: from Old French cipres, from late Latin cypressus, from Greek kuparissos .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪprəs
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪprəs
definition:
an evergreen coniferous tree with small rounded woody cones and flattened shoots bearing small scale-like leaves.


word: CYST
russian_word: киста
synonyms: growth|abscess|boil|blister|bleb|wen|carbuncle|vesicle|vesication|hydatid|oocyst|saccule|steatoma
origin: early 18th century: from late Latin cystis, from Greek kustis ‘bladder’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sɪst
phonetics_text: sɪst
definition:
a thin-walled hollow organ or cavity in an animal or plant, containing a liquid secretion; a sac, vesicle, or bladder.|a membranous sac or cavity of abnormal character in the body, containing fluid.|a tough protective capsule enclosing the larva of a parasitic worm or the resting stage of an organism.


word: CYSTECTOMY
russian_word: цистэктомия
example: an ovarian cystectomy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sɪsˈtɛktəmi
phonetics_text: sɪsˈtɛktəmi
definition:
a surgical operation to remove the urinary bladder.|a surgical operation to remove an abnormal cyst.


word: CYSTEINE
russian_word: цистеин
origin: late 19th century: from cystine + -eine (variant of -ine4).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪstɪiːn
phonetics_text: ˈsɪstɪiːn|ˈsɪstɪɪn|ˈsɪsteɪn|ˈsɪstiːn
definition:
a sulphur-containing amino acid which occurs in keratins and other proteins, often in the form of cystine, and is a constituent of many enzymes.


word: CYSTIC
russian_word: кистозный
example: the ultrasound scan showed a cystic nodule|the cystic artery
definition: relating to or characterized by cysts.|relating to the urinary bladder or the gall bladder.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈsɪstɪk
phonetics_text: ˈsɪstɪk
origin:
mid 17th century (originally referring to the gall bladder): from French cystique or modern Latin cysticus, from late Latin cystis (see cyst).


word: CYSTICERCUS
russian_word: пузырчатый глист
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsɪstɪˈsəːkəs
phonetics_text: ˌsɪstɪˈsəːkəs
definition:
a larval tapeworm at a stage in which the scolex is inverted in a sac, typically found encysted in the muscle tissue of the host.

origin:
mid 19th century: modern Latin (originally the name of a supposed genus), from Greek kustis ‘bladder’ + kerkos ‘tail’.


word: CYSTINE
russian_word: цистин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsɪstiːn
phonetics_text: ˈsɪstiːn|ˈsɪstɪn
definition:
a compound which is an oxidized dimer of cysteine and is the form in which cysteine often occurs in organic tissue.

origin:
mid 19th century: from Greek kustis ‘bladder’ (because it was first isolated from urinary calculi) + -ine4.


word: CYSTITIS
russian_word: цистит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: sɪˈstʌɪtɪs
phonetics_text: sɪˈstʌɪtɪs
definition:
inflammation of the urinary bladder. It is often caused by infection and is usually accompanied by frequent painful urination.


word: CYTOCHALASIN
russian_word: цитохалазин
origin: 1960s: from cyto- ‘cell’ + Greek khalasis ‘dislocation’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪtəʊkəˈleɪsɪn
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪtəʊkəˈleɪsɪn
definition:
any of a group of polycyclic compounds produced by fungi, used experimentally in research for their property of interfering with cell processes.


word: CYTOCHROME
russian_word: цитохром
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)krəʊm
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)krəʊm
definition:
any of a number of compounds consisting of haem bonded to a protein. Cytochromes function as electron transfer agents in many metabolic pathways, especially cellular respiration.


word: CYTOKINE
russian_word: цитокинов
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)kʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)kʌɪn
definition:
any of a number of substances, such as interferon, interleukin, and growth factors, which are secreted by certain cells of the immune system and have an effect on other cells.


word: CYTOKINESIS
russian_word: цитокинез
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)kʌɪˈniːsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)kʌɪˈniːsɪs
definition:
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.


word: CYTOMEGALIC
russian_word: цитомегалический
example: cytomegalic inclusion disease
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)mɪˈɡalɪk
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)mɪˈɡalɪk
definition:
characterized by enlarged cells, especially with reference to a disease caused by a cytomegalovirus.


word: CYTOMEGALOVIRUS
russian_word: вирус цитомегалии
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈmɛɡ(ə)lə(ʊ)ˌvʌɪrəs
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)ˈmɛɡ(ə)lə(ʊ)ˌvʌɪrəs
definition:
a kind of herpesvirus which usually produces very mild symptoms in an infected person but may cause severe neurological damage in people with weakened immune systems and in the newborn.


word: CYTOPHOTOMETRY
russian_word: цитофотометрия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)fə(ʊ)ˈtɒmɪtri
phonetics_text: ˌsʌɪtə(ʊ)fə(ʊ)ˈtɒmɪtri
definition:
the investigation of the contents of cells by measuring the light they allow through after staining.


word: CYTOSINE
russian_word: цитозин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪtəsiːn
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪtəsiːn
definition:
a compound found in living tissue as a constituent base of DNA. It is paired with guanine in double-stranded DNA.


word: CYTOSKELETON
russian_word: цитоскелета
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪtəʊˌskɛlɪt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪtəʊˌskɛlɪt(ə)n
definition:
a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.


word: CYTOSOL
russian_word: цитозоль
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)sɒl
phonetics_text: ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)sɒl
definition:
the aqueous component of the cytoplasm of a cell, within which various organelles and particles are suspended.


word: D
russian_word: ре
part_of_speech: abbreviation|symbol
phonetic: diː
phonetics_text: diː
example:
Henry m. Georgina 1957, 1s 2d|orbital period (Mars): 687.0 d|Plymouth d 0721|Barents, Willem (d.1597)|£20 10s 6d|d-electrons

definition:
(in genealogies) daughter.|day(s).|(in units of measurement) deci-.|(in travel timetables) departs.|died (used to indicate a date of death).|penny or pence (of pre-decimal currency).|denoting electrons and orbitals possessing two units of angular momentum.


word: DAB
russian_word: тыкать
example: he dabbed his mouth with his napkin
synonyms: pat|press|touch|blot|mop|swab|smudge|spread|daub|bedaub|apply|wipe|stroke|stipple
origin: Middle English: symbolic of a light striking movement; compare with dabble and dib.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dab
phonetics_text: dab
definition:
press against (something) lightly several times with a piece of absorbent material in order to clean or dry it or to apply a substance.|strike with a light blow.


word: DABBLE
russian_word: плескаться
example: they dabbled their feet in the rock pools|he dabbled in politics
synonyms: splash|dip|paddle|wet|moisten|dampen|immerse|trail
origin: mid 16th century: from obsolete Dutch dabbelen, or a frequentative of the verb dab1.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdab(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdab(ə)l
definition:
immerse (one's hands or feet) partially in water and move them around gently.|take part in an activity in a casual or superficial way.


word: DACITE
russian_word: дацит
definition: a volcanic rock resembling andesite but containing free quartz.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪsʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪsʌɪt
origin:
late 18th century: from the name of the Roman province of Dacia (as it was first found in the Carpathian Mountains) + -ite1.


word: DACRON
russian_word: лавсан
example: a suit of dark blue Dacron
origin: 1950s: an invented name.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdakrɒn
phonetics_text: ˈdakrɒn
definition:
a synthetic polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) with tough, elastic properties, used as a textile fabric.


word: DADO
russian_word: цоколь
example: a dado joint
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪdəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪdəʊ
definition:
the lower part of the wall of a room, below about waist height, when decorated differently from the upper part.|a groove cut in the face of a board, into which the edge of another board is fixed.|the part of a pedestal between the base and the cornice.

origin:
mid 17th century (denoting the main part of a pedestal, above the base): from Italian, literally ‘dice or cube’, from Latin datum ‘something given, starting point’ (see datum).


word: DAEMON
russian_word: демон
origin: mid 16th century: common spelling of demon1 until the 19th century.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːmən
phonetics_text: ˈdiːmən
definition:
(in ancient Greek belief) a divinity or supernatural being of a nature between gods and humans.|archaic spelling of demon1.


word: DAFT
russian_word: бесшабашный
example: don't ask such daft questions
definition: silly; foolish.
antonyms: sensible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɑːft
phonetics_text: dɑːft
synonyms:
absurd|preposterous|ridiculous|ludicrous|farcical|laughable|risible|idiotic|stupid|foolish|foolhardy|unwise|imprudent|ill-conceived|silly|inane|puerile|infantile|fatuous|imbecilic|hare-brained|half-baked|unreasonable|irrational|illogical|nonsensical|pointless|senseless|impracticable|unworkable|unrealistic|peculiar|odd|strange|queer|weird|eccentric|bizarre|fantastic|incongruous|grotesque|crazy|cock-eyed|barmy|potty|simple-minded|simple|moronic|dull-witted|dull|dim-witted|slow-witted|slow|witless|half-witted|feeble-minded|dunce-like|cretinous|empty-headed|vacuous|vapid|deranged|unhinged|insane|mad|touched|thick|dim|dopey|dumb|dozy|birdbrained|pea-brained|pig-ignorant|bovine|slow on the uptake|soft in the head|brain-dead|boneheaded|lamebrained|chuckleheaded|dunderheaded|wooden-headed|fat-headed|muttonheaded|not all there|not quite right|mental|nuts|nutty|cracked|cuckoo|bonkers|dippy|not the full shilling|dotty|batty|crackers|thick as two short planks|dumb-ass

origin:
Old English gedæfte  ‘mild, meek’, of Germanic origin; related to Gothic gabadan ‘become or be fitting’.


word: DAG
russian_word: большой пистолет
example: your father must have been a bit of a dag
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: daɡ
phonetics_text: daɡ
definition:
a lock of wool matted with dung hanging from the hindquarters of a sheep.|an entertainingly eccentric person; a character.|a staid or socially inept person.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a hanging pointed part of something): possibly related to tag1. dag (sense 1 of the noun) dates from the early 17th century; dag (sense 2 of the noun) is a transferred use of English dialect meaning ‘a challenge’.


word: DAGUERREOTYPE
russian_word: дагерротип
origin: mid 19th century: from French daguerréotype, named after L.-J.-M. Daguerre (see Daguerre, Louis).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəˈɡɛrətʌɪp
phonetics_text: dəˈɡɛrətʌɪp
definition:
a photograph taken by an early photographic process employing an iodine-sensitized silvered plate and mercury vapour.


word: DAINTY
russian_word: лакомство
example: a dainty lace handkerchief|a dainty appetite
definition: delicately small and pretty.|fastidious, especially concerning food.
antonyms: easy to please|undiscriminating
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪnti
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪnti
synonyms:
fastidious|fussy|hard to please|finicky|finical|faddish|squeamish|refined|particular|discriminating|discerning|critical|exacting|demanding|scrupulous|meticulous|careful|cautious|choosy|picky|faddy|pernickety|persnickety|nice

origin:
Middle English (as noun): from Old French daintie, deintie ‘choice morsel, pleasure’, from Latin dignitas ‘worthiness or beauty’, from dignus ‘worthy’.


word: DAIS
russian_word: помост
definition: a low platform for a lectern or throne.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪɪs
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪɪs|deɪs
synonyms:
platform|stage|podium|rostrum|stand|grandstand|staging|apron|soapbox|stump|lectern|pulpit|box|dock|mandapam|tribune

origin:
Middle English (originally denoting a raised table for distinguished guests): from Old French deis, from Latin discus ‘disc or dish’ (later ‘table’). Little used after the Middle English period, the word was revived by antiquarians in the early 19th century with the disyllabic pronunciation.


word: DAISY WHEEL
russian_word: ромашка
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a device used as a printer in some word processors, consisting of a disc of spokes each terminating in a printing character.


word: DALE
russian_word: дол
definition: a valley, especially in northern England.
synonyms: valley|vale|hollow|hole|basin|gully|gorge|ravine|dene|combe|slade|clough|glen|strath|dell|dingle
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: deɪl
phonetics_text: deɪl
origin:
Old English dæl, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse dalr, Dutch dal, and German Tal, also to dell.


word: DALLY
russian_word: прохлаждаться
definition: act or move slowly.|have a casual romantic or sexual liaison with.
antonyms: hurry
origin: Middle English: from Old French dalier ‘to chat’, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdali
phonetics_text: ˈdali
example:
she'd dallied upstairs long enough to put on a little make-up|he should stop dallying with film stars

synonyms:
dawdle|delay|loiter|linger|waste time|kill time|take one's time|while away time|lag|trail|straggle|fall behind|amble|plod|trudge|meander|drift|traik|dilly-dally|tarry


word: DALMATIAN
russian_word: далматинец
definition: a dog of a large, white short-haired breed with dark spots.|a native or inhabitant of Dalmatia.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dalˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dalˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late 16th century (in Dalmatian (sense 2 of the noun)): the dog is believed to have originated in Dalmatia in the 18th century.


word: DALMATIC
russian_word: далматик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dalˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: dalˈmatɪk
definition:
a wide-sleeved long, loose vestment open at the sides, worn by deacons and bishops, and by monarchs at their coronation.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French dalmatique or late Latin dalmatica, from dalmatica (vestis) ‘(robe) of (white) Dalmatian wool’, from Dalmaticus ‘of Dalmatia’.


word: DAM
russian_word: плотина
example: the dam burst after torrential rain
synonyms: barrage|barrier|wall|embankment|levee|barricade|obstruction|hindrance|blockage
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dam
phonetics_text: dam
definition:
a barrier constructed to hold back water and raise its level, forming a reservoir used to generate electricity or as a water supply.|a rubber sheet used to keep saliva from the teeth during dental operations, or as a prophylactic device during cunnilingus and anilingus.

origin:
Middle English: from Middle Low German or Middle Dutch; related to Dutch dam and German Damm, also to Old English fordemman ‘close up’.


word: DAMAGE
russian_word: повреждение
example: bombing caused extensive damage to the town|she was awarded $284,000 in damages
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdamɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdamɪdʒ
definition:
physical harm that impairs the value, usefulness, or normal function of something.|a sum of money claimed or awarded in compensation for a loss or an injury.

synonyms:
harm|injury|destruction|vandalization|vandalism|impairment|defilement|desecration|defacement|disfigurement|scarring|mutilation|vitiation|detriment|ruin|havoc|devastation|wear and tear|battering|friction|erosion|attrition|corrosion|abrasion|deterioration|degeneration|detrition

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, from dam, damne ‘loss or damage’, from Latin damnum ‘loss or hurt’; compare with damn.


word: DAMASCENE
russian_word: воронить
origin: late Middle English (as a noun): via Latin from Greek Damaskēnos ‘of Damascus’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdaməsiːn
phonetics_text: ˈdaməsiːn|ˌdaməˈsiːn
example:
a Damascene geographer|in light of his recent statements, it would appear that Fisher has undergone something of a Damascene conversion|a fine Damascene blade|elaborate Damascene dishes

definition:
relating to the city of Damascus.|used in reference to an important moment of insight, typically one that leads to a dramatic transformation of attitude or belief.|relating to Damascus steel or its manufacture.|relating to or denoting a process of inlaying a metal object with gold or silver decoration.


word: DAMASCENED
russian_word: насеченную
example: a damascened blade|a pocket looking glass, silver damascened with gold
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdaməsiːnd
phonetics_text: ˈdaməsiːnd|ˌdaməˈsiːnd
definition:
(of iron or steel) given a wavy pattern by hammer-welding and repeated heating and forging.|(of a metal object) inlaid with gold or silver decoration.


word: DAMIANA
russian_word: Дамиана
origin: American Spanish.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdeɪmɪˈɑːnə
phonetics_text: ˌdeɪmɪˈɑːnə
definition:
a small shrub native to tropical America, whose leaves are used in herbal medicine and in the production of a liqueur, and also reputedly possess aphrodisiac qualities.


word: DAMMAR
russian_word: даммара
origin: late 17th century: from Malay damar ‘resin’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdamə
phonetics_text: ˈdamə
definition:
resin obtained from any of a number of tropical, chiefly Indo-Malaysian trees, used to make varnish.


word: DAMN
russian_word: блин
example: be forever damned with Lucifer|the book damns her husband
definition: (in Christian belief) be condemned by God to suffer eternal punishment in hell.|criticize strongly.
antonyms: acclaim|praise
part_of_speech: verb|exclamation|adjective|adverb
phonetic: dam
phonetics_text: dam
synonyms:
condemn|censure|criticize|attack|denounce|deplore|decry|revile|inveigh against|blame|chastise|castigate|berate|upbraid|reprimand|rebuke|reprove|reprehend|take to task|find fault with|deprecate|disparage|slam|hammer|lay into|cane|blast|slate|slag off|have a go at|slash|reprobate|excoriate|vituperate|arraign|objurgate|anathematize

origin:
Middle English: from Old French dam(p)ner, from Latin dam(p)nare ‘inflict loss on’, from damnum ‘loss, damage’.


word: DAMNABLE
russian_word: ужасный
example: leave this damnable place behind|suicide was thought damnable in the Middle Ages
definition: very bad or unpleasant.|subject to or worthy of divine condemnation.
antonyms: pleasant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdamnəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdamnəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unpleasant|disagreeable|objectionable|offensive|execrable|horrible|horrid|ghastly|awful|nasty|dreadful|terrible|annoying|irritating|infuriating|maddening|exasperating|hateful|detestable|loathsome|foul|abominable|odious|obnoxious|beastly|pestilential|scurvy

origin:
Middle English (in damnable (sense 2)): from Old French dam(p)nable, from Latin dam(p)nabilis, from dam(p)nare ‘inflict loss on’ (see damn).


word: DAMNATION
russian_word: проклятье
example: sins that risk eternal damnation
definition: condemnation to eternal punishment in hell.
part_of_speech: noun|exclamation
phonetic: damˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: damˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
condemnation to hell|eternal punishment|perdition|doom|hellfire|curse|execration|imprecation|excommunication|anathema|anathematization|malediction|hex|malison

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin dam(p)natio(n- ), from the verb dam(p)nare ‘inflict loss on’ (see damn).


word: DAMNED
russian_word: треклятый
example: damned sinners|it's none of your damned business
synonyms: cursed|accursed|doomed|lost|condemned to hell|execrated|anathematized|excommunicated|jinxed
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: damd
phonetics_text: damd
definition:
(in Christian belief) condemned by God to suffer eternal punishment in hell.|used to emphasize or express anger or frustration with someone or something.


word: DAMNIFY
russian_word: причинять вред, ущерб
example: Article 86 gives rise to a cause of action at the suit of a person damnified by its contravention
definition: cause injury to.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdamnɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈdamnɪfʌɪ
origin:
early 16th century: from Old French damnefier, dam(p)nifier, from late Latin damnificare ‘injure, condemn’, from Latin damnificus ‘hurtful’, from damnus ‘loss, damage’.


word: DAMP
russian_word: влажные
example: her hair was still damp from the shower
definition: slightly wet.
antonyms: dry
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: damp
phonetics_text: damp
synonyms:
moist|moistened|wettish|dampened|dampish|humid|steamy|muggy|clammy|sweaty|sticky|dank|moisture-laden|wet|wetted|rainy|drizzly|showery|misty|foggy|vaporous|dewy|claggy

origin:
Middle English (in the noun sense ‘noxious inhalation’): of West Germanic origin; related to a Middle Low German word meaning ‘vapour, steam, smoke’.


word: DAMPER
russian_word: заслонка
example: there's nothing like a swarm of bees to completely put a damper on a graduation ceremony
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdampə
phonetics_text: ˈdampə
definition:
a person or thing that has a subduing or inhibiting effect.|an unleavened loaf or cake of flour and water baked in wood ashes.

synonyms:
curb|check|restraint|restriction|limit|limitation|constraint|stricture|rein|brake|control|impediment|obstacle|hindrance|discouragement|depressant|depression|chill|pall|gloom|cloud


word: DAMPNESS
russian_word: сырость
example: the dampness in the air
definition: the state or condition of being slightly wet.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdampnəs
phonetics_text: ˈdampnəs
synonyms:
moisture|damp|humidity|wetness|wet|water|liquid|condensation|steam|vapour|clamminess|mugginess|dankness|wateriness|rain|raininess|dew|drizzle|precipitation|spray|perspiration|sweat


word: DAMSEL
russian_word: девица
definition: a young unmarried woman.
origin: Middle English: from Old French dameisele, damisele, based on Latin domina ‘mistress’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdamz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdamz(ə)l
synonyms:
young woman|young lady|girl|miss|maid|maiden|demoiselle|lass|lassie|colleen|mademoiselle|signorina|señorita|Fräulein|chick|babe|bird|gal|Jane|sister|sheila|popsy|Judy|broad|dame|frail|wench


word: DAMSELFLY
russian_word: стрекоза
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdamz(ə)lflʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈdamz(ə)lflʌɪ
definition:
a slender insect related to the dragonflies, typically resting with the wings folded back along the body.


word: DAMSON
russian_word: чернослив
example: damson jam
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdamz(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdamz(ə)n
definition:
a small purple-black fruit similar to the plum.|the small deciduous tree which bears damsons, probably derived from the bullace.

origin:
late Middle English damascene, from Latin damascenum (prunum ) ‘(plum) of Damascus’. Compare with Damascene and damask.


word: DANCE
russian_word: танец
example: their cheeks were pressed together as they danced|Sheila danced in gaily
origin: Middle English: from Old French dancer (verb), dance (noun), of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɑːns
phonetics_text: dɑːns
definition:
move rhythmically to music, typically following a set sequence of steps.|(of a person) move in a quick and lively way.

synonyms:
trip|sway|spin|whirl|twirl|pirouette|gyrate|bop|disco|rock|shake a leg|hoof it|cut a rug|trip the light fantastic|get down|step it|foot it|tread a measure


word: DANDELION
russian_word: одуванчик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdandɪlʌɪən
phonetics_text: ˈdandɪlʌɪən
definition:
a widely distributed weed of the daisy family, with a rosette of leaves and large bright yellow flowers followed by globular heads of seeds with downy tufts.

origin:
late Middle English: from French dent-de-lion, translation of medieval Latin dens leonis ‘lion's tooth’ (because of the jagged shape of the leaves).


word: DANDY
russian_word: денди
definition: a man unduly concerned with looking stylish and fashionable.|an excellent thing of its kind.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdandi
phonetics_text: ˈdandi
example:
his floppy handkerchiefs and antique cufflinks gave him the look of a dandy|the Winchester Model 37 shotgun is a dandy, at a low price

synonyms:
fop|beau|man about town|bright young thing|glamour boy|rake|boulevardier|petit-maître|swell|toff|dude|sharp dresser|snappy dresser|natty dresser|trendy|pretty boy|blade|blood|buck|coxcomb|masher|peacock|popinjay|dapperling

origin:
late 18th century: perhaps a shortened form of 17th-century Jack-a-dandy  ‘conceited fellow’ (the last element representing Dandy, a pet form of the given name Andrew ).


word: DANGER
russian_word: опасность
example: his life was in danger
definition: the possibility of suffering harm or injury.
antonyms: safety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪn(d)ʒə
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪn(d)ʒə
synonyms:
peril|hazard|risk|jeopardy|endangerment|imperilment|insecurity|perilousness|riskiness|precariousness|uncertainty|instability

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘jurisdiction or power’, specifically ‘power to harm’): from Old French dangier, based on Latin dominus ‘lord’.


word: DANGEROUS
russian_word: опасный
example: a dangerous animal
definition: able or likely to cause harm or injury.
antonyms: harmless
synonyms: menacing|threatening|treacherous|savage|wild|vicious|murderous|desperate|minacious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdeɪn(d)ʒ(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪn(d)ʒ(ə)rəs
origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘arrogant’, ‘fastidious’, and ‘difficult to please’): from Old French dangereus, from dangier (see danger).


word: DANGLE
russian_word: болтаться
example: saucepans dangled from a rail
definition: hang or swing loosely.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdaŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdaŋɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
hang (down)|droop|sag|swing|sway|wave|trail|stream|depend|hanging|drooping|droopy|suspended|supported from above|pendulous|pendent|swinging|swaying|trailing|flowing|falling|tumbling|pensile

origin:
late 16th century: symbolic of something loose and pendulous, corresponding to Danish dangle, Swedish dangla, but the origin is unclear.


word: DAPHNE
russian_word: волчеягодник
definition: a small, typically evergreen Eurasian shrub with sweet-scented flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdafni
phonetics_text: ˈdafni
origin:
late Middle English (denoting the laurel or bay tree): from Greek daphnē, from the name of the nymph Daphne.


word: DAPPER
russian_word: щеголеватый
example: he looked very dapper in a dark silk suit
definition: neat and trim in dress and appearance (typically used of a man).
antonyms: scruffy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdapə
phonetics_text: ˈdapə
synonyms:
smart|spruce|trim|debonair|neat|tidy|neat and tidy|crisp|well dressed|besuited|well groomed|well turned out|smartly dressed|elegant|chic|dashing|soigné|snazzy|snappy|natty|sharp|nifty|sassy|spiffy|fly|kicky|swagger|trig

origin:
late Middle English: probably from a Middle Low German or Middle Dutch word meaning ‘strong, stout’.


word: DAPPLE
russian_word: пятнистый
example: the floor was dappled with pale moonlight
definition: mark with spots or rounded patches.
origin: late 16th century (earlier as an adjective): perhaps related to Old Norse depill ‘spot’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈdap(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdap(ə)l
synonyms:
dot|spot|mark|fleck|streak|speck|speckle|bespeckle|mottle|stipple|marble|speckled|blotched|blotchy|spotted|spotty|dotted|streaked|streaky|mottled|marbled|flecked|freckled|stippled|piebald|skewbald|pied|brindled|brindle|tabby|marled|patchy|variegated|multicoloured|particoloured|pinto|splotchy|splodgy|jaspé


word: DARBIES
russian_word: отпечатки пальцев
definition: handcuffs.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɑːbɪz
phonetics_text: ˈdɑːbɪz
origin:
late 17th century: allusive use of Father Darby's bands, a rigid form of agreement which put debtors in the power of moneylenders, possibly from the name of a 16th-century usurer.


word: DARE
russian_word: сметь
example: a story he dare not write down|she was daring him to disagree|few dared his wrath
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɛː
phonetics_text: dɛː
definition:
have the courage to do something.|defy or challenge (someone) to do something.|take the risk of; brave.

synonyms:
be brave enough|have the courage|pluck up courage|take the risk|venture|have the nerve|have the temerity|make so bold as|be so bold as|have the effrontery|have the audacity|presume|go so far as|risk doing|hazard doing|take the liberty of doing|stick one's neck out|go out on a limb|take a flyer|make bold to

origin:
Old English durran, of Germanic origin; related to Gothic gadaursan, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tharsein and Sanskrit dhṛṣ- ‘be bold’.


word: DARING
russian_word: смелый
example: a daring crime
definition: (of a person or action) adventurous or audaciously bold.
antonyms: cowardly|cautious
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɛːrɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛːrɪŋ
synonyms:
bold|audacious|adventurous|intrepid|venturesome|fearless|brave|unafraid|unshrinking|undaunted|dauntless|valiant|valorous|heroic|dashing|confident|enterprising|madcap|rash|reckless|heedless|gutsy|spunky|peppy|pushy|adventuresome|venturous


word: DARK
russian_word: темно
example: it's too dark to see much|dark green|the dark days of the war|a dark secret
antonyms: bright
origin: Old English deorc, of Germanic origin, probably distantly related to German tarnen ‘conceal’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɑːk
phonetics_text: dɑːk
definition:
with little or no light.|(of a colour or object) not reflecting much light; approaching black in shade.|(of a period or situation) characterized by great unhappiness or unpleasantness.|hidden from knowledge; mysterious.|denoting a velarized form of the sound of the letter l as it sounds at the end of a word or before another consonant (as in full or bulk in most accents of English).

synonyms:
black|pitch black|pitch dark|inky|jet black|unlit|unlighted|unilluminated|ill-lit|poorly lit|starless|moonless|dim|dingy|gloomy|dusky|indistinct|shadowy|shady|leaden|overcast|sunless|crepuscular|tenebrous|Stygian|Cimmerian|Tartarean|caliginous


word: DARKEN
russian_word: темнеть
example: the sky was darkening rapidly|his mood darkened
definition: make or become dark or darker.|make or become angry, unhappy, or gloomy.
antonyms: lighten
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɑːk(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdɑːk(ə)n
synonyms:
grow dark/darker|blacken|grow black/blacker|dim|grow dim|cloud over|lour|make dark/darker|make black/blacker|make dim|shade|eclipse|fog|obscure


word: DARKNESS
russian_word: темнота
example: the office was in darkness|the forces of darkness
definition: the partial or total absence of light.|wickedness or evil.
antonyms: light
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɑːknəs
phonetics_text: ˈdɑːknəs
synonyms:
dark|blackness|absence of light|gloom|gloominess|dimness|dullness|murk|murkiness|shadowiness|shadow|shade|shadiness|dusk|twilight|gloaming|tenebrosity


word: DARLING
russian_word: дорогой
example: good night, darling
definition: used as an affectionate form of address to a beloved person.
origin: Old English dēorling (see dear, -ling).
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdɑːlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdɑːlɪŋ
synonyms:
dear|dearest|dear one|love|lover|sweetheart|beloved|sweet|querida|honey|angel|pet|sweetie|sugar|honey pie|sweetie pie|cutie pie|babe|baby|bae|doll|poppet|treasure|sweeting


word: DARN
russian_word: штопать
example: I don't expect you to darn my socks
definition: mend (a hole in knitted material) by interweaving yarn with a needle.
synonyms: mend|repair|reinforce|sew up|stitch|cobble|botch|patch|vamp|clout
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɑːn
phonetics_text: dɑːn
origin:
early 17th century: perhaps from dialect dern  ‘to hide’, which is from Old English diernan, of West Germanic origin; compare with Middle Dutch dernen ‘stop holes in (a dyke)’.


word: DART
russian_word: дартс
synonyms: small arrow|flechette|bolt|shaft|missile|projectile|reed|quarrel
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɑːt
phonetics_text: dɑːt
example:
the classroom was littered with paper darts|the cat made a dart for the door|stitch collarband on to neck edge and stitch darts

definition:
a small pointed missile that can be thrown or fired.|an act of running somewhere suddenly and rapidly.|a tapered tuck stitched in a garment in order to shape it.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, accusative of darz, dars, from a West Germanic word meaning ‘spear, lance’.


word: DARTER
russian_word: змеешейка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɑːtə
phonetics_text: ˈdɑːtə
definition:
a long-necked fish-eating bird related to the cormorants, typically found in fresh water, where they frequently swim submerged to the neck.|a small fast-moving North American freshwater fish.|a broad-bodied dragonfly that typically darts out from a perch to grab prey.


word: DARTS
russian_word: дартс
example: he spent the evening playing darts in a pub
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɑːts
phonetics_text: dɑːts
definition:
an indoor game in which small pointed missiles with feather or plastic flights are thrown at a circular target marked with numbers in order to score points.


word: DASH
russian_word: тире
example: I dashed into the garden|the ship was dashed upon the rocks
antonyms: dawdle
part_of_speech: verb|exclamation|noun
phonetic: daʃ
phonetics_text: daʃ
definition:
run or travel somewhere in a great hurry.|strike or fling (something) somewhere with great force, especially so as to have a destructive effect; hurl.

synonyms:
rush|race|run|sprint|bolt|dart|gallop|career|charge|shoot|hurtle|hare|bound|fly|speed|streak|zoom|plunge|dive|whisk|scurry|scuttle|scamper|scramble|tear|belt|pelt|scoot|zap|zip|whip|step on it|get a move on|hotfoot it|go hell for leather|steam|put on some speed|go like a bat out of hell|burn rubber|bomb|go like the clappers|bucket|put one's foot down|leg it|wheech|boogie|hightail it|clip|barrel|get the lead out|cut along|fleet|post|hie|haste|drag/tear/haul ass

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘strike forcibly against’): probably symbolic of forceful movement and related to Swedish and Danish daska .


word: DASHER
russian_word: било
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdaʃə
phonetics_text: ˈdaʃə
definition:
a person who dresses or acts flamboyantly or stylishly.|a plunger for agitating cream in a churn.|the ledge along the top of the boards of a rink.


word: DASHING
russian_word: лихой
example: a dashing young pilot
definition: attractive, adventurous, and full of confidence (typically used of a man).
antonyms: boring|unadventurous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdaʃɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdaʃɪŋ
synonyms:
debonair|jaunty|devil-may-care|breezy|raffish|sporty|stylish|dazzling|romantic|attractive|spirited|lively|buoyant|energetic|animated|exuberant|flamboyant|dynamic|gallant|bold|intrepid|daring|adventurous|venturesome|plucky|swashbuckling|peppy


word: DASTARDLY
russian_word: подлый
example: pirates and their dastardly deeds
definition: wicked and cruel.
antonyms: noble|praiseworthy
origin: mid 16th century (in the sense ‘dull or stupid’): from dastard in the obsolete sense ‘base coward’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdastədli
phonetics_text: ˈdastədli|ˈdɑːstədli
synonyms:
wicked|evil|iniquitous|heinous|villainous|diabolical|diabolic|fiendish|vicious|murderous|barbarous|cruel|black|dark|rotten|nefarious|vile|foul|monstrous|shocking|outrageous|atrocious|abominable|reprehensible|despicable|execrable|corrupt|degenerate|reprobate|sordid|depraved|dissolute|bad|base|mean|low|dishonourable|dishonest|unscrupulous|unprincipled|underhand|roguish|crooked|low-down|stinking|dirty|shady|rascally|scoundrelly|beastly|not cricket|malfeasant|egregious|flagitious


word: DASYURE
russian_word: сумчатая куница
definition: another term for quoll.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdasɪjʊə
phonetics_text: ˈdasɪjʊə
origin:
mid 19th century: from French, from modern Latin dasyurus, from Greek dasus ‘rough, hairy’ + oura ‘tail’.


word: DATA
russian_word: данные
example: there is very little data available
definition: facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis.
origin: mid 17th century (as a term in philosophy): from Latin, plural of datum.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪtə
synonyms:
facts|figures|statistics|details|particulars|specifics|features|information|evidence|intelligence|material|background|input|proof|fuel|ammunition|statement|report|return|dossier|file|documentation|archive(s)|info|dope|low-down|deets|gen


word: DATABANK
russian_word: банк данных
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪtəbaŋk
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪtəbaŋk
definition:
a large repository of computer data on a particular topic, sometimes formed from more than one database, and accessible by many users.


word: DATA PROCESSOR
russian_word: компьютер
example: sophisticated data processors that can crunch numbers in complicated ways
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a computer or person that carries out operations on data to retrieve, transform, or classify information.


word: DATA SET
russian_word: файл
example: all hospitals must provide a standard data set of each patient's details
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a collection of related sets of information that is composed of separate elements but can be manipulated as a unit by a computer.


word: DATE
russian_word: дата
example: what's the date today?|I've got a hot date
synonyms: day|day of the month|occasion|year|anniversary|time
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: deɪt
phonetics_text: deɪt
definition:
the day of the month or year as specified by a number.|a social or romantic appointment or engagement.

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin data, feminine past participle of dare ‘give’; from the Latin formula used in dating letters, data (epistola) ‘(letter) given or delivered’, to record a particular time or place.


word: DATIVE
russian_word: дательный
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪtɪv
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪtɪv
definition:
(in Latin, Greek, German, and some other languages) denoting a case of nouns and pronouns, and words in grammatical agreement with them, indicating an indirect object or recipient.

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin (casus) dativus ‘(case) of giving’, from dat- ‘given’, from the verb dare .


word: DATURA
russian_word: дурман
origin: modern Latin, from Hindi dhatūrā, from Sanskrit dhustur .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəˈtjʊərə
phonetics_text: dəˈtjʊərə
definition:
a shrubby annual plant with large, upright, trumpet-shaped flowers, native to southern North America. They contain toxic or narcotic alkaloids and are used as poisons or hallucinogens in some cultures.


word: DAUB
russian_word: мазня
example: the walls were daubed with splashes of paint
definition: carelessly coat or smear (a surface) with a thick or sticky substance.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɔːb
phonetics_text: dɔːb
synonyms:
bedaub|smear|plaster|bespatter|splash|stain|spatter|splatter|cake|cover thickly|smother|coat|deface|slap|besmear|befoul|besmirch|begrime

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French dauber, from Latin dealbare ‘whiten, whitewash’, based on albus ‘white’.


word: DAUGHTER
russian_word: дочь
example: as radon gas decays it produces daughters that attach themselves to dust particles
synonyms: female child|girl|descendant|offspring|lass
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɔːtə
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːtə
definition:
a girl or woman in relation to either or both of her parents.|a nuclide formed by the radioactive decay of another.

origin:
Old English dohtor, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dochter and German Tochter, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek thugatēr .


word: DAUNORUBICIN
russian_word: даунорубицин
origin: 1960s: from Daunia, in southern Italy where it was developed, + -rubi- ‘red’ + -mycin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɔːnə(ʊ)ˈruːbɪsɪn
phonetics_text: ˌdɔːnə(ʊ)ˈruːbɪsɪn
definition:
a synthetic antibiotic that interferes with DNA synthesis and is used in the treatment of acute leukaemia and other cancers.


word: DAUNT
russian_word: устрашать
example: some people are daunted by technology
definition: make (someone) feel intimidated or apprehensive.
antonyms: encourage|hearten
origin: Middle English: from Old French danter, from Latin domitare, frequentative of domare ‘to tame’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɔːnt
phonetics_text: dɔːnt
synonyms:
intimidate|abash|take aback|shake|ruffle|throw|demoralize|discourage|deter|put off|dishearten|dispirit|deject|sap|cow|overawe|awe|frighten|scare|alarm|unman|dismay|distress|disconcert|discompose|perturb|upset|discomfit|unsettle|unnerve|disquiet|subdue|throw off balance|put someone off their stroke|confound|panic|stupefy|stun|rattle|faze|put into a flap|throw into a tizz|discombobulate|shake up|psych|put the wind up


word: DAUNTING
russian_word: сложной
example: a daunting task
definition: seeming difficult to deal with in prospect; intimidating.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɔːntɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːntɪŋ
synonyms:
intimidating|formidable|disconcerting|unnerving|unsettling|dismaying|discouraging|disheartening|dispiriting|demoralizing|forbidding|ominous|awesome|frightening|fearsome|mean-looking|challenging|taxing|exacting


word: DAUNTLESS
russian_word: бесстрашный
example: dauntless bravery
definition: showing fearlessness and determination.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɔːntləs
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːntləs
synonyms:
fearless|determined|resolute|indomitable|intrepid|doughty|plucky|spirited|game|mettlesome|gritty|steely|confident|undaunted|undismayed|unalarmed|unflinching|unshrinking|unabashed|unfaltering|unflagging|bold|audacious|valiant|brave|stout-hearted|lionhearted|gallant|courageous|heroic|daring|daredevil|gutsy|spunky|ballsy|feisty


word: DAUPHIN
russian_word: дофин
definition: the eldest son of the King of France.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɔːfɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːfɪn|ˈdəʊfɒ̃|French dofɛ̃
origin:
French, from the family name of the lords of the Dauphiné, an area of SE France: ultimately a nickname meaning ‘dolphin’. In 1349 the future Charles V acquired the lands and the title; when king he ceded them to his eldest son, establishing the practice of passing both title and lands to the Crown Prince.


word: DAVIT
russian_word: шлюпбалка
definition: a small crane on board a ship, especially one of a pair for suspending or lowering a lifeboat.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdavɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdavɪt|ˈdeɪvɪt
origin:
late 15th century: from Old French daviot, diminutive of david, denoting a kind of carpenter's tool.


word: DAWDLE
russian_word: бездельничать
example: she mustn't dawdle—she had to make the call now
definition: waste time; be slow.
antonyms: hurry
origin: mid 17th century: related to dialect daddle, doddle ‘dally’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɔːd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɔːd(ə)l
synonyms:
linger|dally|take one's time|drag one's feet|be slow|waste time|kill time|fritter time away|idle|delay|procrastinate|stall|hang fire|mark time|potter about/around/round|dilly-dally|tarry


word: DAWN
russian_word: рассвет
example: he set off at dawn|the dawn of civilization
antonyms: dusk
origin: late 15th century (as a verb): back-formation from Middle English dawning.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɔːn
phonetics_text: dɔːn
definition:
the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise.|the beginning of a phenomenon or period of time, especially one considered favourable.

synonyms:
daybreak|break of day|crack of dawn|sunrise|first light|daylight|first thing in the morning|early morning|cockcrow|sunup|dawning|peep of day|aurora|dayspring


word: DAY
russian_word: день
example: they only met a few days ago|in Shakespeare's day
synonyms: twenty-four-hour period|full day|twenty-four hours|working day|solar day|sidereal day
origin: Old English dæg, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dag and German Tag .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: deɪ
phonetics_text: deɪ
definition:
each of the twenty-four-hour periods, reckoned from one midnight to the next, into which a week, month, or year is divided, and corresponding to a rotation of the earth on its axis.|a particular period of the past; an era.


word: DAYBREAK
russian_word: рассвет
example: she set off at daybreak
definition: the time in the morning when daylight first appears; dawn.
antonyms: nightfall
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪbreɪk
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪbreɪk
synonyms:
dawn|break of day|crack of dawn|sunrise|daylight|first light|first thing in the morning|early morning|cockcrow|sunup|dawning|peep of day|aurora|dayspring


word: DAYDREAM
russian_word: мечты
example: she was lost in a daydream
definition: a series of pleasant thoughts that distract one's attention from the present.
antonyms: concentration
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdeɪdriːm
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪdriːm
synonyms:
reverie|trance|fantasy|vision|fancy|hallucination|musing|brown study|imagining|inattention|inattentiveness|wool-gathering|preoccupation|brooding|obliviousness|engrossment|absorption|self-absorption|absent-mindedness|absence of mind|staring into space|abstraction|lack of concentration|lack of application|dwam|blonde moment|dream|pipe dream|figment of the imagination|unrealizable dream|castle in the air|castle in Spain|wishful thinking|fond hopes|wishes|pie in the sky


word: DAZE
russian_word: изумление
example: she was dazed by his revelations
definition: (especially of an emotional or physical shock) make (someone) unable to think or react properly.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: deɪz
phonetics_text: deɪz
synonyms:
stun|stupefy|knock senseless|knock unconscious|knock out|lay out|knock for six|knock the stuffing out of|astound|amaze|astonish|startle|take someone's breath away|dumbfound|overwhelm|overcome|overpower|devastate|dismay|disconcert|stagger|shock|confound|bewilder|take aback|nonplus|shake up|flabbergast|knock sideways|hit like a ton of bricks|bowl over|floor|blow away

origin:
Middle English: back-formation from dazed, from Old Norse dasathr ‘weary’; compare with Swedish dasa ‘lie idle’.


word: DEAD
russian_word: мертвый
antonyms: alive|living
origin: Old English dēad, of Germanic origin: related to Dutch dood and German tot, also to die1.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: dɛd
phonetics_text: dɛd
example:
a dead body|Brussels isn't dead after dark, if you know where to look|the phone had gone dead|pollution had become a dead issue|the note sounds dead compared to all others on the keyboard|we sat in dead silence

definition:
no longer alive.|(of a place or time) characterized by a lack of activity or excitement.|(of a piece of equipment) no longer functioning.|no longer current, relevant, or important.|(of sound) without resonance; dull.|complete; absolute.

synonyms:
deceased|expired|departed|gone|no more|passed on|passed away|late|lost|lamented|perished|fallen|slain|slaughtered|killed|murdered|lifeless|not breathing|having breathed one's last|defunct|extinct|inanimate|insentient|insensate|inert|(as) dead as a doornail|six feet under|pushing up daisies|under the sod|with God|asleep|at peace|demised|exanimate


word: DEAD AIR
russian_word: спертый воздух
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a period during which the signal of a television or radio broadcast is unintentionally interrupted, so that no material is transmitted.


word: DEADBEAT
russian_word: бездельник
example: a nation of deadbeats who must work harder
definition: an idle, feckless, or disreputable person.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛdbiːt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdbiːt
synonyms:
layabout|loafer|lounger|idler|waster|wastrel|good-for-nothing|parasite|useless article|bum|scrounger|sponger|sponge|freeloader|skiver|cadger


word: DEADEN
russian_word: заглушать
example: ether was used to deaden the pain
definition: make (a noise or sensation) less strong or intense.
antonyms: intensify|amplify
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdɛd(ə)n
synonyms:
numb|stifle|dull|blunt|suppress|alleviate|mitigate|moderate|weaken|diminish|reduce|decrease|lessen|palliate|abate|ease|soothe|relieve|assuage|subdue|take the edge off|get rid of|put an end to|muffle|mute|smother|damp|damp down|tone down|hush|silence|quieten|soften|cushion|blanket|buffer|absorb|quiet


word: DEADLIGHT
russian_word: глухое окно
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛdlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdlʌɪt
definition:
a protective cover or shutter fitted over a porthole or window on a ship.|a skylight designed not to be opened.


word: DEADLINE
russian_word: крайний срок
example: the deadline for submissions is Friday 5th February
synonyms: time limit|limit|finishing date|finishing time|target date|target time|cut-off point
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛdlʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdlʌɪn
definition:
the latest time or date by which something should be completed.|a line drawn around a prison beyond which prisoners were liable to be shot.


word: DEADLOCK
russian_word: тупик
example: an attempt to break the deadlock
synonyms: stalemate|impasse|checkmate|stand-off|standstill|halt|stop|stoppage|cessation|dead end|full stop
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɛdlɒk
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdlɒk
definition:
a situation, typically one involving opposing parties, in which no progress can be made.|a type of lock requiring a key to open and close it, as distinct from a spring lock.


word: DEADLY
russian_word: смертельно
example: a deadly weapon|it's a great town and the pubs are deadly
definition: causing or able to cause death.|very good; excellent.
antonyms: harmless|beneficial
origin: Old English dēadlīc ‘mortal, in danger of death’ (see dead, -ly1).
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈdɛdli
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdli
synonyms:
fatal|lethal|mortal|death-dealing|life-threatening|dangerous|destructive|injurious|harmful|pernicious|detrimental|deleterious|unhealthy|noxious|toxic|poisonous|terminal|incurable|untreatable|malignant|deathly|nocuous|mephitic|baneful


word: DEADPAN
russian_word: невыразительное лицо
example: she delivered her monologue in a deadpan voice
definition: impassive or expressionless.
antonyms: expressive|comical
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: ˈdɛdpan
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdpan
synonyms:
blank|expressionless|unexpressive|inexpressive|impassive|inscrutable|poker-faced|straight-faced|dispassionate|unresponsive|stony|wooden|empty|vacant|glazed|fixed|lifeless


word: DEAF
russian_word: глухой
example: I'm a bit deaf so you'll have to speak up
definition: lacking the power of hearing or having impaired hearing.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛf
phonetics_text: dɛf
synonyms:
hard of hearing|hearing-impaired|with impaired hearing|unhearing|stone deaf|deafened|profoundly deaf|deaf as a post

origin:
Old English dēaf, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doof and German taub, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tuphlos ‘blind’.


word: DEAFEN
russian_word: оглушать
example: we were deafened by the explosion
definition: cause (someone) to lose the power of hearing permanently or temporarily.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛf(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdɛf(ə)n
synonyms:
make deaf|make temporarily deaf|cause to be hard of hearing|deprive of hearing|impair someone's hearing|burst someone's eardrums


word: DEAFENING
russian_word: оглушительный
example: the music reached a deafening crescendo
definition: (of a noise) so loud as to make it impossible to hear anything else.
antonyms: quiet
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛf(ə)nɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛf(ə)nɪŋ
synonyms:
very loud|extremely noisy|ear-splitting|ear-piercing|ear-shattering|booming|thundering|thunderous|tumultuous|roaring|blaring|resounding|resonant|reverberating|reverberant|echoing|ringing|dinning|carrying|overpowering|overwhelming|almighty|mighty|tremendous


word: DEAL
russian_word: сделка
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: diːl
phonetics_text: diːl
example:
the cards were dealt for the last hand|directors were prohibited from dealing in the company's shares|hopes of an economic recovery were dealt another blow

definition:
distribute (cards) in an orderly rotation to players for a game or round.|take part in commercial trading of a particular commodity.|take measures concerning (someone or something), especially with the intention of putting something right.|inflict (a blow) on (someone or something).

synonyms:
distribute|give out|share out|divide out|divide up|hand out|pass out|pass round|dole out|mete out|dispense|allocate|allot|assign|apportion|bestow|divvy up

origin:
Old English dǣlan  ‘divide’, ‘participate’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch deel and German Teil ‘part’ (noun), also to dole1. The sense ‘divide’ gave rise to ‘distribute’, hence deal1 (sense 1 of the verb, sense 4 of the verb); the sense ‘participate’ gave rise to ‘have dealings with’, hence deal1 (sense 2 of the verb, sense 3 of the verb).


word: DEALER
russian_word: дилер
example: a dealer in foreign stamps
definition: a person who buys and sells goods.|the player who distributes the cards at the start of a game.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːlə
phonetics_text: ˈdiːlə
synonyms:
trader|tradesman|tradesperson|merchant|salesman|saleswoman|salesperson|seller|buyer|buyer and seller|marketeer|merchandiser|distributor|supplier|vendor|shopkeeper|retailer|wholesaler|purveyor|marketer|trafficker|pedlar|hawker|stockist|storekeeper|pusher|runner|fence|chandler|shopman|chapman


word: DEALING
russian_word: дело
example: they had dealings with an insurance company|share dealings
definition: business relations or transactions.|the activity of buying and selling a particular commodity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdiːlɪŋ
synonyms:
business methods|business practices|business|commerce|trading|trafficking|marketing|merchandising|transactions|financial transactions|behaviour|conduct|actions|policy


word: DEAN
russian_word: декан
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːn
phonetics_text: diːn
definition:
the head of the chapter of a cathedral or collegiate church.|the head of a university faculty or department or of a medical school.

synonyms:
faculty head|department head|head of faculty|head of department|college head|provost|university official|head|chief|director|leader|principal|president|governor

origin:
Middle English: from Old French deien, from late Latin decanus ‘chief of a group of ten’, from decem ‘ten’. Compare with doyen.


word: DEAR
russian_word: дорогой
example: a dear friend|five pounds—that's a bit dear!
definition: regarded with deep affection.|expensive.
antonyms: hated
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|adverb|exclamation
phonetic: dɪə
phonetics_text: dɪə
synonyms:
beloved|loved|much loved|darling|adored|cherished|precious|esteemed|respected|worshipped|close|intimate|confidential|bosom|boon|favourite|best|treasured|valued|prized|special|favoured

origin:
Old English dēore, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dier ‘beloved’, also to Dutch duur and German teuer ‘expensive’.


word: DEARTH
russian_word: нехватка
example: there is a dearth of evidence
definition: a scarcity or lack of something.
antonyms: abundance|surfeit
origin: Middle English derthe (see dear, -th2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəːθ
phonetics_text: dəːθ
synonyms:
lack|scarcity|scarceness|shortage|shortfall|want|deficiency|insufficiency|inadequacy|paucity|sparseness|meagreness|scantiness|rareness|infrequency|uncommonness|destitution|privation|famine|drought|poverty|absence|non-existence|exiguity|exiguousness


word: DEATH
russian_word: смерть
example: he had been depressed since the death of his father
definition: the action or fact of dying or being killed; the end of the life of a person or organism.
antonyms: life
origin: Old English dēath, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch dood and German Tod, also to die1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛθ
phonetics_text: dɛθ
synonyms:
demise|dying|end|passing|passing away|passing on|loss of life|expiry|expiration|departure from life|final exit|eternal rest|murder|killing|assassination|execution|dispatch|slaying|slaughter|massacre|snuffing|curtains|kicking the bucket|decease|quietus


word: DEATHLESS
russian_word: бессмертный
example: pages of deathless prose
definition: living or lasting forever; immortal.
antonyms: mortal|ephemeral
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛθləs
phonetics_text: ˈdɛθləs
synonyms:
immortal|undying|imperishable|inextinguishable|indestructible|unfading|enduring|everlasting|perpetual|eternal|timeless|ageless|memorable|sempiternal|perdurable


word: DEATHLY
russian_word: смертельно
example: a deathly hush fell over the breakfast table
definition: resembling or suggestive of death.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛθli
phonetics_text: ˈdɛθli
synonyms:
deathlike|corpse-like|cadaverous|ghostly|ghostlike|ghastly|grim|haggard|ashen|chalky|chalk white|white|pale|pallid|bloodless|colourless|wan|anaemic|pasty|sickly|drained|sapped|like death warmed up|peaky|etiolated


word: DEATH RATE
russian_word: смертность
example: improved diets have reduced death rates
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the ratio of deaths to the population of a particular area or during a particular period of time, usually calculated as the number of deaths per one thousand people per year.


word: DEBACLE
russian_word: разгром
example: the only man to reach double figures in the second-innings debacle
definition: a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: deɪˈbɑːk(ə)l
phonetics_text: deɪˈbɑːk(ə)l
synonyms:
fiasco|failure|catastrophe|disaster|disintegration|mess|wreck|ruin|downfall|collapse|defeat|rout|overthrow|conquest|trouncing|foul-up|screw-up|hash|botch|washout|fail|cock-up|pig's ear|car crash|snafu|fuck-up|balls-up

origin:
early 19th century (in sense ‘the breaking up of ice in a river’): from French débâcle, from débâcler ‘unleash’, from dé- ‘un-’ + bâcler ‘to bar’ (from Latin baculum ‘staff’).


word: DEBAR
russian_word: не допускать
example: first-round candidates were debarred from standing
definition: exclude or prohibit (someone) officially from doing something.
antonyms: admit|allow
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈbɑː
phonetics_text: dɪˈbɑː
synonyms:
exclude|ban|bar|disqualify|disentitle|declare ineligible|preclude|rule out|shut out|lock out|keep out|reject|blackball|say no to|leave out in the cold|give the cold shoulder to|stand in the way of|refuse entrance to|disfellowship|prevent|prohibit|proscribe|disallow|interdict|block|stop|curb|restrict|restrain|obstruct|hinder|forbid to|enjoin|estop|let

origin:
late Middle English: from French débarrer, from Old French desbarrer ‘unbar’, from des- (expressing reversal) + barrer ‘to bar’.


word: DEBASE
russian_word: понижать качество
example: the love episodes debase the dignity of the drama|the King was forced to debase the coinage
antonyms: enhance
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈbeɪs
phonetics_text: dɪˈbeɪs
definition:
reduce (something) in quality or value; degrade.|lower the value of (coinage) by reducing the content of precious metal.

synonyms:
degrade|devalue|demean|lower the status of|reduce the status of|cheapen|prostitute|discredit|drag down|drag through the mud|tarnish|blacken|blemish|disgrace|dishonour|shame|bring shame to|humble|humiliate|damage|harm|undermine

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘humiliate, belittle’): from de- ‘down’ + the obsolete verb base (compare with abase), expressing the notion ‘bring down completely’.


word: DEBASED
russian_word: униженным
example: the debased traditions of sportsmanship
definition: reduced in quality or value.
antonyms: honourable|original|pure
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈbeɪst
phonetics_text: dɪˈbeɪst
synonyms:
immoral|debauched|dissolute|abandoned|perverted|degenerate|profligate|degraded|wicked|sinful|vile|base|iniquitous|corrupt|corrupted|criminal|vicious|brutal|lewd|licentious|lascivious|lecherous|prurient|obscene|indecent|libertine|bastardized|adulterated|diluted|polluted|tainted|sullied|spoiled|spoilt|vitiated


word: DEBATABLE
russian_word: спорный
example: it is debatable whether the country is coming out of recession
definition: open to discussion or argument.
antonyms: indisputable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈbeɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈbeɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
arguable|disputable|questionable|open to question|open to debate|subject to debate|controversial|contentious|doubtful|open to doubt|in doubt|dubious|uncertain|unsure|unclear|vague|borderline|inconclusive|moot|unsettled|unresolved|unconfirmed|undetermined|undecided|unknown|up in the air|not yet established|problematical|puzzling|perplexing|riddling|a controversial subject|a live issue|a moot point|a matter of opinion|iffy|on the back burner|on ice|controvertible|unestablished


word: DEBATE
russian_word: дебаты
example: last night's debate on the Education Bill
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin dis- (expressing reversal) + battere ‘to fight’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈbeɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈbeɪt
definition:
a formal discussion on a particular matter in a public meeting or legislative assembly, in which opposing arguments are put forward and which usually ends with a vote.

synonyms:
discussion|exchange of views|discourse|parley|argument|dispute|wrangle|altercation|war of words|arguing|argumentation|wrangling|sparring|disputation|dissension|disagreement|controversy|contention|conflict|disharmony|negotiations|talks|dialogue|comment|interest|confab|rap session|velitation|contestation


word: DEBAUCH
russian_word: разврат
example: he has debauched the morals of the people and endeavoured to corrupt parliament
definition: destroy or debase the moral purity of; corrupt.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈbɔːtʃ
phonetics_text: dɪˈbɔːtʃ
origin:
late 16th century: from French débaucher (verb) ‘turn away from one's duty’, from Old French desbaucher, of uncertain ultimate origin.


word: DEBAUCHED
russian_word: развращенный
example: a debauched lifestyle
definition: indulging in or characterized by excessive indulgence in sex, alcohol, or drugs.
antonyms: wholesome|clean-living
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈbɔːtʃt
phonetics_text: dɪˈbɔːtʃt
synonyms:
dissolute|dissipated|degenerate|corrupt|depraved|louche|rakish|shameless|sinful|unprincipled|immoral|impure|unchaste|lascivious|lecherous|libertine|lewd|lustful|libidinous|licentious|promiscuous|loose|wanton|abandoned|unrestrained|fast|fast-living|decadent|profligate|intemperate|sybaritic|voluptuary|pleasure-seeking|indulgent|self-indulgent|easy|swinging|light|concupiscent


word: DEBAUCHERY
russian_word: разврат
definition: excessive indulgence in sex, alcohol, or drugs.
antonyms: morality|clean living
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈbɔːtʃ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈbɔːtʃ(ə)ri
synonyms:
dissipation|dissoluteness|degeneracy|corruption|vice|turpitude|depravity|loucheness|rakishness|libertinism|immodesty|indecency|perversion|shamelessness|iniquity|wickedness|sinfulness|sinning|impropriety|lack of morals|lack of principles|immorality|impurity|unchastity|lasciviousness|salaciousness|lechery|lecherousness|lewdness|bawdiness|lust|lustfulness|libidinousness|licentiousness|promiscuity|wantonness|abandonment|abandon|profligacy|decadence|immoderateness|intemperance|lack of restraint|indulgence|self-indulgence|pleasure-seeking|hedonism|sybaritism|voluptuousness|concupiscence|lubricity|salacity


word: DEBILITATE
russian_word: ослаблять
example: he was severely debilitated by a stomach upset
definition: make (someone) very weak and infirm.
antonyms: restorative
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈbɪlɪteɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈbɪlɪteɪt
synonyms:
weakening|enfeebling|enervating|enervative|devitalizing|draining|sapping|wearing|exhausting|tiring|impairing|crippling|paralysing

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin debilitat- ‘weakened’, from the verb debilitare, from debilitas (see debility).


word: DEBILITY
russian_word: слабость
example: most of the cases presented with general debility, muscle weakness, and weight loss
definition: physical weakness, especially as a result of illness.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French debilite, from Latin debilitas, from debilis ‘weak’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: dɪˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
frailty|weakness|feebleness|enfeeblement|enervation|devitalization|lack of energy|lack of vitality|lassitude|exhaustion|weariness|tiredness|overtiredness|fatigue|prostration|incapacity|impairment|indisposition|infirmity|illness|sickness|sickliness|decrepitude|malaise|weediness|asthenia


word: DEBONAIR
russian_word: жизнерадостный
example: all the men looked debonair and handsome in white tie and tails
definition: confident, stylish, and charming (typically used of a man).
antonyms: unsophisticated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɛbəˈnɛː
phonetics_text: ˌdɛbəˈnɛː
synonyms:
suave|urbane|sophisticated|cultured|self-possessed|self-assured|confident|charming|gracious|well mannered|civil|courteous|gallant|chivalrous|gentlemanly|refined|polished|well bred|genteel|dignified|courtly|well dressed|well groomed|well turned out|elegant|stylish|smart|dashing|dapper|spruce|trim|attractive|soigné|smooth|swish|swanky|snappy|sharp|cool|spiffy|fly|on fleek|mannerly|trig|gentle

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘meek or courteous’): from Old French debonaire, from de bon aire ‘of good disposition’.


word: DEBRIDEMENT
russian_word: хирургическая обработка раны
definition: the removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: deɪˈbriːdmɒ̃
phonetics_text: deɪˈbriːdmɒ̃|dɪˈbriːdm(ə)nt
origin:
mid 19th century: from French, from débrider, literally ‘remove the bridle from’, based on bride ‘bridle’ (of Germanic origin).


word: DEBRIEF
russian_word: выслушивать доклад
example: the government debriefed him over a span of four years
definition: question (someone, typically a soldier or spy) about a completed mission or undertaking.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: diːˈbriːf
phonetics_text: diːˈbriːf
synonyms:
question|quiz|interview|examine|cross-examine|interrogate|probe|sound out|put questions to|ask questions of|grill|pump|give the third degree to|put through the third degree|put through the wringer|put through the mangle|put the screws on


word: DEBRIS
russian_word: мусор
example: workmen were clearing the roads of the debris from shattered buildings
definition: scattered pieces of rubbish or remains.
origin: early 18th century: from French débris, from obsolete débriser ‘break down’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛbriː
phonetics_text: ˈdɛbriː|ˈdeɪbriː
synonyms:
detritus|refuse|waste|waste matter|discarded matter|litter|scrap|dross|chaff|flotsam and jetsam|lumber|rubble|wreckage|spoilage|remains|remnants|fragments|scraps|dregs|offscourings|odds and ends|slag|rubbish|trash|garbage|mullock|dreck|junk|grot|gash|odds and sods|gubbins|debitage|draff|raffle|raff|cultch|orts|shit|crap


word: DEBT
russian_word: долг
example: I paid off my debts
definition: a sum of money that is owed or due.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛt
phonetics_text: dɛt
synonyms:
bill|account|tally|financial obligation|outstanding payment|amount due|money owing|dues|arrears|debits|charges|check|tab|score

origin:
Middle English dette : from Old French, based on Latin debitum ‘something owed’, past participle of debere ‘owe’. The spelling change in French and English was by association with the Latin word.


word: DEBUGGER
russian_word: отладчик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːˈbʌɡə
phonetics_text: diːˈbʌɡə
definition:
a computer program that assists in the detection and correction of errors in other computer programs.


word: DEBUNK
russian_word: развенчивать
example: she debunks all the usual rubbish about acting
definition: expose the falseness or hollowness of (an idea or belief).
antonyms: confirm
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈbʌŋk
phonetics_text: diːˈbʌŋk
synonyms:
explode|deflate|puncture|quash|knock the bottom out of|expose|show in its true light|discredit|disprove|contradict|controvert|confute|invalidate|negate|give the lie to|prove to be false|challenge|call into question|shoot full of holes|shoot down in flames|blow sky-high


word: DEBUT
russian_word: дебют
example: the film marked his debut as a director
definition: a person's first appearance or performance in a particular capacity or role.
antonyms: swansong
origin: mid 18th century: from French début, from débuter ‘lead off’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdeɪbjuː
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪbjuː|ˈdɛbjuː
synonyms:
first appearance|first showing|first performance|launch|launching|coming out|entrance|premiere|beginning|introduction|inception|inauguration|kick-off|commencement


word: DEBYE
russian_word: дебая
origin: early 20th century: named after P. J. Debye (see Debye, Peter).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəˈbʌɪ
phonetics_text: dəˈbʌɪ
definition:
a unit used to express electric dipole moments of molecules. One debye is equal to 3.336 × 10−30 coulomb metre.


word: DECADENCE
russian_word: декаданс
example: he denounced Western decadence
definition: moral or cultural decline as characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury.
antonyms: morality
origin: mid 16th century: from French décadence, from medieval Latin decadentia ; related to decay.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛkəd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɛkəd(ə)ns
synonyms:
dissipation|dissoluteness|degeneracy|debauchery|corruption|depravity|loucheness|vice|sinfulness|perversion|moral decay|immorality|lack of morals|lack of principles|lack of restraint|lack of control|lack of self-control|immoderateness|intemperance|licentiousness|wantonness|self-indulgence|hedonism|epicureanism|sybaritism|voluptuousness


word: DECADENT
russian_word: декадентский
example: a decaying, decadent Britain
definition: characterized by or reflecting a state of moral or cultural decline.
antonyms: moral
origin: mid 19th century: from French décadent, from medieval Latin decadentia (see decadence).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɛkəd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛkəd(ə)nt
synonyms:
dissolute|dissipated|degenerate|corrupt|depraved|louche|rakish|shameless|sinful|unprincipled|immoral|licentious|wanton|abandoned|unrestrained|profligate|intemperate|fast-living|sybaritic|voluptuary|epicurean|hedonistic|pleasure-seeking|indulgent|self-indulgent


word: DECAMP
russian_word: удирать
example: now he has decamped to Hollywood|the armies of both chiefs had decamped
definition: leave a place suddenly or secretly.|break up or leave a military camp.
antonyms: return
origin: late 17th century: from French décamper, from dé- (expressing removal) + camp ‘camp’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈkamp
phonetics_text: dɪˈkamp
synonyms:
abscond|make off|run off|run away|flee|bolt|take off|take flight|disappear|vanish|slip away|steal away|sneak away|beat a hasty retreat|escape|make a run for it|make one's getaway|leave|depart|make oneself scarce|split|scram|skedaddle|vamoose|skip|cut and run|make tracks|push off|shove off|clear off|hightail it|hotfoot it|show a clean pair of heels|do a bunk|do a runner|do a moonlight flit|do a disappearing act|head for the hills|fly the coop|take French leave|go AWOL|scarper|take a powder|go on the lam|light out|bug out|peel out|cut out|hook it


