# Dictionary_data_final

word: FLAUNT
russian_word: выставлять напоказ
example: newly rich consumers eager to flaunt their prosperity
antonyms: be modest about|hide
origin: mid 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: flɔːnt
phonetics_text: flɔːnt
definition:
display (something) ostentatiously, especially in order to provoke envy or admiration or to show defiance.

synonyms:
show off|display ostentatiously|draw attention to|make a (great) show of|put on show|put on display|parade|exhibit|flourish|brandish|wave|dangle|exult in|brag about|crow about|vaunt|flash


word: FLAUTIST
russian_word: флейтист
definition: a flute player.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɔːtɪst
phonetics_text: ˈflɔːtɪst
origin:
mid 19th century (superseding 17th-century flutist in British English use): from Italian flautista, from flauto ‘flute’.


word: FLAVESCENT
russian_word: желтоватый
definition: yellowish or turning yellow.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fləˈvɛs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: fləˈvɛs(ə)nt
origin:
mid 19th century: from Latin flavescent- ‘turning yellow’, from the verb flavescere, from flavus ‘yellow’.


word: FLAVIN
russian_word: флавин
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin flavus ‘yellow’ + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfleɪvɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfleɪvɪn
definition:
any of a group of naturally occurring pigments including riboflavin. They have a tricyclic aromatic molecular structure.


word: FLAVIVIRUS
russian_word: флавивирус
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfleɪvɪvʌɪrəs
phonetics_text: ˈfleɪvɪvʌɪrəs
definition:
any of a group of RNA viruses, mostly having arthropod vectors, which cause a number of serious human diseases including yellow fever, dengue, various types of encephalitis, and hepatitis C.


word: FLAVOPROTEIN
russian_word: флавопротеин
origin: 1930s: blend of flavin and protein.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfleɪvə(ʊ)ˈprəʊtiːn
phonetics_text: ˌfleɪvə(ʊ)ˈprəʊtiːn
definition:
any of a class of conjugated proteins that contain flavins and are involved in oxidation reactions in cells.


word: FLAVOUR
russian_word: вкус
antonyms: blandness
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfleɪvə
phonetics_text: ˈfleɪvə
example:
the yoghurt comes in eight fruit flavours|the extracts give a flavour of the content and tone of the conversation|various flavours of firewall are evolving

definition:
the distinctive taste of a food or drink.|an indication of the essential character of something.|a kind, variety, or sort.|a quantized property of quarks which differentiates them into at least six varieties (up, down, charmed, strange, top, bottom).

synonyms:
taste|savour|tang|relish|palate|sapor|flavouring|seasoning|tastiness|tanginess|interest|bite|piquancy|pungency|smack|spice|spiciness|sharpness|zest|raciness|edge|zing|zip|punch

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘fragrance, aroma’): from Old French flaor, perhaps based on a blend of Latin flatus ‘blowing’ and foetor ‘stench’; the -v- appears to have been introduced in Middle English by association with savour. flavour (sense 1 of the noun) dates from the late 17th century.


word: FLAVOURING
russian_word: приправа
example: vanilla flavouring
definition: a substance used to give a different, stronger, or more agreeable taste to food or drink.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfleɪv(ə)rɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfleɪv(ə)rɪŋ
synonyms:
seasoning|spice|herb|additive|added flavour|condiment|dressing|relish|sauce|dip|essence|extract|tincture|concentrate|concentration|distillate


word: FLAW
russian_word: недостаток
example: a flaw in the glass
definition: a mark, blemish, or other imperfection which mars a substance or object.
antonyms: strength
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flɔː
phonetics_text: flɔː
synonyms:
defect|blemish|fault|imperfection|deficiency|weakness|weak spot/point|inadequacy|shortcoming|limitation|failing|foible|shortfall|insufficiency|lack|want|omission|snag|kink|deformity|taint|crack|fissure|break|tear|split|scratch|chip|fracture|spot|mistake|error|bug|virus|glitch|gremlin

origin:
Middle English: perhaps from Old Norse flaga ‘slab’. The original sense was ‘a flake of snow’, later, ‘a fragment or splinter’, hence ‘a defect or imperfection’ (late 15th century).


word: FLAWED
russian_word: недостатки
example: a fatally flawed strategy
definition: having or characterized by a fundamental weakness or imperfection.
antonyms: sound
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: flɔːd
phonetics_text: flɔːd
synonyms:
unsound|defective|faulty|distorted|inaccurate|incorrect|erroneous|imprecise|fallacious|wrong|impaired|weak|invalid


word: FLAWLESS
russian_word: безупречный
example: her smooth flawless skin
definition: without any imperfections or defects; perfect.
antonyms: flawed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflɔːləs
phonetics_text: ˈflɔːləs
synonyms:
perfect|without blemish|unblemished|unmarked|unimpaired|whole|intact|sound|unbroken|undamaged|as sound as a bell|mint|as good as new|pristine|stainless|spotless|pure|impeccable|immaculate|consummate|superb|superlative|masterly|accurate|correct|faultless|without fault|error-free|unerring|exemplary|model|ideal|copybook|just so|tip-top|A1


word: FLAX
russian_word: лен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flaks
phonetics_text: flaks
definition:
a blue-flowered herbaceous plant that is cultivated for its seed (linseed) and for textile fibre made from its stalks.

origin:
Old English flæx, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlas and German Flachs, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin plectere and Greek plekein ‘to plait, twist’.


word: FLEA
russian_word: блоха
origin: Old English flēa, flēah, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlo and German Floh .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fliː
phonetics_text: fliː
definition:
a small wingless jumping insect which feeds on the blood of mammals and birds. It sometimes transmits diseases through its bite, including plague and myxomatosis.


word: FLECK
russian_word: пятно
example: his blue eyes had grey flecks in them
definition: a very small patch of colour or light.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flɛk
phonetics_text: flɛk
synonyms:
spot|mark|patch|pop|dot|speck|speckle|freckle|smudge|smear|streak|stain|blotch|blot|splash|dab|daub|petechia|splotch|splosh|splodge|macule|macula

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb): perhaps from Old Norse flekkr (noun), flekka (verb), or from Middle Low German, Middle Dutch vlecke .


word: FLEDGE
russian_word: оперять
example: the young fledge around four weeks after hatching
definition: (of a young bird) develop wing feathers that are large enough for flight.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: flɛdʒ
phonetics_text: flɛdʒ
origin:
mid 16th century: from the obsolete adjective fledge  ‘ready to fly’, from Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlug ‘quick, agile’, also to fly1.


word: FLEE
russian_word: бежать
example: to escape the fighting, his family fled from their village
definition: run away from a place or situation of danger.
origin: Old English flēon, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlieden and German fliehen .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fliː
phonetics_text: fliː
synonyms:
run|run away|run off|make a run for it|run for it|take flight|be gone|make off|take off|take to one's heels|make a break for it|bolt|beat a (hasty) retreat|make a quick exit|make one's getaway|escape|absent oneself|make oneself scarce|abscond|head for the hills|do a disappearing act|beat it|clear off|clear out|vamoose|skedaddle|split|cut and run|show a clean pair of heels|turn tail|scram|do a runner|scarper|do a bunk|leg it|light out|bug out|cut out|peel out|take a powder|skiddoo|go through|shoot through|fly|run away from|leave hastily/abruptly|escape from|skip|bugger off


word: FLEECE
russian_word: руно
example: as the sheep came on board, we grabbed their long shaggy fleeces|a reversible fleece jacket
origin: Old English flēos, flēs, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlies and German Vlies .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fliːs
phonetics_text: fliːs
definition:
the woolly covering of a sheep or goat.|a soft warm fabric with a texture similar to sheep's wool, used as a lining material.


word: FLEECED
russian_word: обирали
example: heavily fleeced sheep hunkered down for shelter|a white-fleeced jacket
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfliːst
phonetics_text: ˈfliːst
definition:
(of a sheep or goat) having a woolly covering.|(of a garment) lined with a soft warm fabric with a texture similar to sheep's wool.


word: FLEECY
russian_word: шерстистый
example: a fleecy sweatshirt|little fleecy clouds
definition: made of or lined with a soft, warm fabric.|white and fluffy-looking.
antonyms: coarse
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfliːsi
phonetics_text: ˈfliːsi
synonyms:
fluffy|woolly|downy|fuzzy|feathery|furry|velvety|shaggy|soft|smooth|silky|silken|satiny|cushiony|floccose|lanate|pilose|lanose


word: FLEER
russian_word: насмехаться
example: he fleered at us
definition: laugh impudently or jeeringly.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flɪə
phonetics_text: flɪə
origin:
late Middle English: probably of Scandinavian origin and related to Norwegian and Swedish dialect flira ‘to grin’.


word: FLEETING
russian_word: мимолетный
example: for a fleeting moment I saw the face of a boy
definition: lasting for a very short time.
antonyms: lasting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfliːtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfliːtɪŋ
synonyms:
brief|transient|short-lived|short|momentary|sudden|cursory|transitory|ephemeral|fugitive|evanescent|fading|vanishing|flying|fly-by-night|passing|flitting|here today and gone tomorrow|temporary|impermanent|short-term|rapid|quick|swift|rushed|fugacious


word: FLEMING
russian_word: фламандец
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɛmɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈflɛmɪŋ
definition:
a native of Flanders.|a member of the Flemish-speaking people inhabiting northern and western Belgium.

origin:
late Old English Flæmingi, from Old Norse, reinforced by Middle Dutch Vlāming, related to Vlaanderen ‘Flanders’.


word: FLESH
russian_word: плоть
example: she grabbed Anna's arm, her fingers sinking into the flesh
synonyms: muscle|tissue|muscle tissue|meat|brawn|beef
origin: Old English flǣsc, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlees and German Fleisch .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flɛʃ
phonetics_text: flɛʃ
definition:
the soft substance consisting of muscle and fat that is found between the skin and bones of a human or an animal.


word: FLESHING
russian_word: трико телесного цвета
definition: the removal of the flesh adhering to a skin or hide.|the distribution of the flesh on an animal.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɛʃɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈflɛʃɪŋ
example:
after fleshing, the hide is soaked again|she described her champion as a very modern bull with clean, natural fleshing and good locomotion


word: FLESHLY
russian_word: плотский
example: fleshly pleasures
definition: relating to human desire or bodily appetites; sensual.|having an actual physical presence.
antonyms: spiritual|noble
origin: Old English flǣsclic (see flesh, -ly1).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflɛʃli
phonetics_text: ˈflɛʃli
synonyms:
carnal|sexual|sensual|erotic|lustful|lascivious|libidinous|lecherous|licentious|lewd|prurient|salacious|coarse|physical|animal|bestial|gross|lubricious|venereal


word: FLESHY
russian_word: мясистый
example: her fleshy arms|normally, the tissue is fleshy pink
antonyms: thin
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflɛʃi
phonetics_text: ˈflɛʃi
definition:
(of a person or part of the body) having a substantial amount of flesh; plump.|resembling flesh in appearance or texture.

synonyms:
plump|chubby|portly|fat|fattish|obese|overweight|stout|corpulent|paunchy|beer-bellied|thickset|hefty|heavy|heavyset|burly|bulky|chunky|well padded|well covered|well upholstered|meaty|rotund|round|well rounded|of ample proportions|big|large|tubby|pudgy|beefy|porky|roly-poly|blubbery|poddy|podgy|fubsy|lard-arsed|zaftig|corn-fed|nuggety|pyknic|squabby|pursy|abdominous


word: FLEUR-DE-LIS
russian_word: ирис
origin: Middle English: from Old French flour de lys ‘flower of the lily’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfləːdəˈliː
phonetics_text: ˌfləːdəˈliː
definition:
a stylized lily composed of three petals bound together near their bases. It is especially known from the former royal arms of France, in which it appears in gold on a blue field.|a European iris.


word: FLEURON
russian_word: флерон
origin: late Middle English: from Old French floron, from flour (see flower).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʊərɒn
phonetics_text: ˈflʊərɒn|ˈfləːrɒn
definition:
a flower-shaped ornament or motif, used especially on buildings, coins, and books.|a small piece of puff pastry used for garnishing.


word: FLEX
russian_word: сгибать
definition: (with reference to a limb or joint) bend or become bent.|put a (skill, talent, or ability) to use.
antonyms: straighten
synonyms: bend|curve|crook|hook|cock|angle|kink|buckle|double up
origin: early 16th century: from Latin flex- ‘bent’, from the verb flectere .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flɛks
phonetics_text: flɛks
example:
she saw him flex his ankle and wince|the talks were seen as a way for Merkel to flex her well-known diplomatic prowess


word: FLEXED
russian_word: согнуты
example: land softly with slightly flexed knee and hip joints|a flexed burial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: flɛkst
phonetics_text: flɛkst
definition:
(of a limb or joint) bent.|relating to or denoting the practice of burying a corpse with the legs drawn up under the chin.


word: FLEXIBILITY
russian_word: гибкость
example: players gained improved flexibility in their ankles
definition: the quality of bending easily without breaking.
antonyms: rigidity|inflexibility|intransigence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: ˌflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
pliability|suppleness|pliancy|malleability|mouldability|stretchability|workability|limberness|ductility|plasticity|elasticity|stretch|stretchiness|whippiness|springiness|spring|resilience|give|bounce|bounciness|bendiness|flexility|tensility|adaptability|adjustability|open-endedness|openness|openness to change|changeability|freedom|latitude|mobility|variability|fluidity|versatility|wriggle room|wiggle room|willingness to compromise|accommodation|amenability|cooperation|tolerance|forgivingness


word: FLEXIBLE
russian_word: гибкий
example: flexible rubber seals
definition: capable of bending easily without breaking.
antonyms: rigid
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin flexibilis, from flectere ‘to bend’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflɛksɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈflɛksɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
pliable|supple|easily bent|bendable|pliant|malleable|mouldable|stretchable|workable|limber|ductile|tensile|plastic|elastic|whippy|springy|resilient|bendy|flexile


word: FLEXITIME
russian_word: скользящий график
example: a 35-hour week with flexitime
origin: 1970s: blend of flexible and time.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɛksɪtʌɪm
phonetics_text: ˈflɛksɪtʌɪm
definition:
a system of working a set number of hours with the starting and finishing times chosen within agreed limits by the employee.


word: FLEXOGRAPHY
russian_word: флексография
origin: 1950s: from Latin flexus ‘a bending’ (from the verb flectere ) + -graphy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flɛkˈsɒɡrəfi
phonetics_text: flɛkˈsɒɡrəfi
definition:
a rotary relief printing method using rubber or plastic plates and fluid inks or dyes for printing on fabrics and impervious materials such as plastics, as well as on paper.


word: FLICKER
russian_word: мерцание
example: the interior lights flickered, and came on|her eyelids flickered
antonyms: burn steadily
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈflɪkə
phonetics_text: ˈflɪkə
definition:
(of light or a source of light) shine unsteadily; vary rapidly in brightness.|make small, quick movements.

synonyms:
glimmer|glint|gleam|flare|shine|dance|gutter|twinkle|sparkle|blink|wink|flash|scintillate|glisten|shimmer|glitter|glister|coruscate|fulgurate|effulge

origin:
Old English flicorian, flycerian  ‘to flutter’, probably of Germanic origin and related to Low German flickern and Dutch flikkeren .


word: FLIGHT
russian_word: полет
synonyms: flying|soaring|gliding|aviation|air transport|aerial navigation|aeronautics
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flʌɪt
phonetics_text: flʌɪt
example:
an eagle in flight|flights of whooper swans|the enemy were now in flight|I climbed the three flights of stairs which led to his office|I had a flight of four ales and liked them all|his research assistant was prone to flights of fancy

definition:
the action or process of flying through the air.|a flock or large body of birds or insects in the air, especially when migrating.|the action of fleeing.|a series of steps between floors or levels.|a selection of small portions of a particular type of food or drink (especially alcohol) intended to be tasted together for the purpose of comparison.|an extravagant or far-fetched idea or thought process.|the tail of a dart.

origin:
Old English flyht  ‘action or manner of flying’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vlucht and fly1. This was probably merged in Middle English with an unrecorded Old English word related to German Flucht and to flee, which is represented by sense 3 of the noun.


word: FLIGHTY
russian_word: непостоянный
example: you may be seen as too flighty and lightweight for real responsibility
definition: fickle and irresponsible.
antonyms: steady|responsible
origin: mid 16th century: from flight + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflʌɪti
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪti
synonyms:
fickle|erratic|changeable|inconstant|irresolute|mercurial|skittish|whimsical|capricious|volatile|unsteady|unstable|unbalanced|impulsive|irresponsible|flippant|giddy|silly|frivolous|light-minded|feather-brained|scatterbrained|reckless|wild|careless|thoughtless|heedless|carefree|insouciant|dippy|dopey|nutty|dappy|batty|dotty|scatty|ditzy


word: FLIMSY
russian_word: неубедительный
example: a flimsy barrier
definition: insubstantial and easily damaged.
antonyms: sturdy
origin: early 18th century: probably from flimflam.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈflɪmzi
phonetics_text: ˈflɪmzi
synonyms:
insubstantial|slight|light|fragile|breakable|frail|shaky|unstable|wobbly|tottery|rickety|ramshackle|makeshift|jerry-built|badly built|thrown together|cheap|shoddy|gimcrack


word: FLINCH
russian_word: вздрогнуть
example: she flinched at the acidity in his voice
definition: make a quick, nervous movement as an instinctive reaction to fear, pain, or surprise.
antonyms: stand firm
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈflɪn(t)ʃ
phonetics_text: ˈflɪn(t)ʃ
synonyms:
wince|start|shy (away)|recoil|shrink|pull back|back away|shy away|draw back|withdraw|blench|cringe|squirm|quiver|shudder|shiver|tremble|quake|shake|quail|cower|waver|falter|hesitate|get cold feet|blanch

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘slink or sneak off’): from Old French flenchir ‘turn aside’, of West Germanic origin and related to German lenken ‘to guide, steer’.


word: FLINDERS
russian_word: щепки
example: the panel has been smashed to flinders
definition: small fragments or splinters.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɪndəz
phonetics_text: ˈflɪndəz
origin:
late Middle English: probably of Scandinavian origin and related to Norwegian flindra ‘chip, splinter’.


word: FLING
russian_word: бросать
example: he picked up the debris and flung it away
definition: throw or hurl forcefully.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flɪŋ
phonetics_text: flɪŋ
synonyms:
throw|toss|sling|hurl|cast|pitch|lob|bowl|launch|flip|shy|send|propel|project|aim|direct|catapult|fire|send flying|let fly with|chuck|heave|bung|buzz|whang|yeet|peg|hoy|bish

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘go violently’): perhaps related to Old Norse flengja ‘flog’. The main verb sense is based on an earlier sense ‘reckless movement of the body’ and dates from the early 19th century.


word: FLIP
russian_word: флип
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective|exclamation
phonetic: flɪp
phonetics_text: flɪp
example:
the plane flipped over and then exploded|she flipped off her dark glasses|my mum will flip if I don't get my homework done tonight|individual investors often flip the shares they buy within days, even hours

definition:
turn over with a sudden quick movement.|move, push, or throw (something) with a sudden quick movement.|suddenly lose control or become very angry.|buy and sell (something, especially shares or property) quickly in order to make a profit.

synonyms:
overturn|turn over|tip over|roll over|upturn|capsize|turn topsy-turvy|keel over|topple over|turn turtle|throw over|overthrow|upend|invert|knock over|pitchpole|roll|cowp|overset

origin:
mid 16th century (as a verb in the sense ‘make a flick with the finger and thumb’): probably a contraction of fillip.


word: FLIPPANCY
russian_word: легкомыслие
example: she was infuriated by his careless flippancy
definition: lack of respect or seriousness; frivolousness.
antonyms: seriousness|respect
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɪp(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈflɪp(ə)nsi
synonyms:
frivolousness|levity|superficiality|shallowness|glibness|thoughtlessness|carefreeness|irresponsibility|insouciance|offhandedness|disrespect|irreverence|facetiousness|cheek|cheekiness|pertness|overfamiliarity|sauciness|sassiness


word: FLIPPANT
russian_word: легкомысленный
example: a flippant remark
definition: not showing a serious or respectful attitude.
antonyms: serious|respectful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflɪp(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈflɪp(ə)nt
synonyms:
frivolous|superficial|shallow|glib|thoughtless|carefree|irresponsible|insouciant|offhand|disrespectful|irreverent|facetious|cheeky|pert|overfamiliar|impudent|impertinent|flip|saucy|sassy

origin:
early 17th century: from flip1 + -ant, perhaps on the pattern of heraldic terms such as couchant and rampant . Early senses included ‘nimble’ and ‘talkative’, hence ‘playful’, giving rise to the current use ‘lacking seriousness’.


word: FLIPPER
russian_word: флиппер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɪpə
phonetics_text: ˈflɪpə
definition:
a broad flat limb without fingers, used for swimming by various sea animals such as seals, whales, and turtles.


word: FLIRT
russian_word: флиртовать
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fləːt
phonetics_text: fləːt
example:
she began to tease him, flirting with other men in front of him|a moorhen stepped out of the reeds, flirting its white tail

definition:
behave as though sexually attracted to someone, but playfully rather than with serious intentions.|(of a bird) wave or open and shut (its wings or tail) with a quick flicking motion.

synonyms:
trifle with|toy with|tease|lead on|philander with|dally with|make romantic advances to|court|woo|pull|chat up|make eyes at|make sheep's eyes at|give the come-on to|come on to|be all over|vamp|set one's cap at

origin:
mid 16th century: apparently symbolic, the elements fl- and -irt both suggesting sudden movement; compare with flick and spurt. The original verb senses were ‘give someone a sharp blow’ and ‘sneer at’; the earliest noun senses were ‘joke, jibe’ and ‘flighty girl’ (defined by Dr Johnson as ‘a pert young hussey’), with a notion originally of cheeky behaviour, later of playfully amorous behaviour.


word: FLIRTATIOUS
russian_word: кокетливый
example: she was beautiful and very flirtatious
definition: behaving in such a way as to suggest a playful sexual attraction to someone.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fləːˈteɪʃəs
phonetics_text: fləːˈteɪʃəs
synonyms:
coquettish|flirty|provocative|seductive|inviting|amorous|kittenish|coy|arch|teasing|playful|frisky|flighty|skittish|dallying|philandering|come-hither|vampish


word: FLIT
russian_word: порхать
example: small birds flitted about in the branches
definition: move swiftly and lightly.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flɪt
phonetics_text: flɪt
synonyms:
dart|dance|skip|play|dash|trip|flick|skim|flutter|bob|bounce|spring|scoot|hop|gambol|caper|cavort|prance|frisk|scamper|beetle

origin:
Middle English (in the Scots and northern English sense): from Old Norse flytja ; related to fleet4.


word: FLITCH
russian_word: горбыль
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flɪtʃ
phonetics_text: flɪtʃ
definition:
a slab of timber cut from a tree trunk, usually from the outside.|the strengthening plate in a flitch beam.|a side of bacon.

origin:
Old English flicce, originally denoting the salted and cured side of any meat, of Germanic origin; related to Middle Low German vlicke .


word: FLOAT
russian_word: поплавок
antonyms: sink
synonyms: stay afloat|stay on the surface|be buoyant|be buoyed up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fləʊt
phonetics_text: fləʊt
example:
she relaxed, floating gently in the water|clouds floated across a brilliant blue sky|a policy of letting the pound float

definition:
rest or move on or near the surface of a liquid without sinking.|move or hover slowly and lightly in a liquid or the air; drift.|put forward (an idea) as a suggestion or test of reactions.|(of a currency) fluctuate freely in value in accordance with supply and demand in the financial markets.

origin:
Old English flotian (verb), of Germanic origin and related to fleet4, reinforced in Middle English by Old French floter, also from Germanic.


word: FLOATER
russian_word: сезонный рабочий
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfləʊtə
phonetics_text: ˈfləʊtə
definition:
a person or thing that floats.|a floating voter.|a mistake; a gaffe.|an insurance policy covering loss of articles without specifying a location.


word: FLOATING
russian_word: плавающий
example: a floating platform|floating exchange rates
definition: buoyant or suspended in water or air.|not settled permanently; fluctuating or variable.
antonyms: sunken|grounded
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfləʊtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfləʊtɪŋ
synonyms:
buoyant|buoyed up|non-submerged|on the surface|above water|afloat|drifting|hovering|levitating|suspended|hanging|defying gravity


word: FLOCCULUS
russian_word: хлопья
origin: late 18th century: modern Latin, diminutive of Latin floccus (see floccus).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒkjʊləs
phonetics_text: ˈflɒkjʊləs
definition:
a small egg-shaped lobe on the undersurface of the cerebellum.|a small cloudy wisp on the surface of the sun.|a floccule.


word: FLOCK
russian_word: стадо
example: a flock of gulls
definition: a number of birds of one kind feeding, resting, or travelling together.
synonyms: group|flight|congregation
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flɒk
phonetics_text: flɒk
origin:
Old English flocc, of unknown origin. The original sense was ‘a band or body of people’: this became obsolete, but has been reintroduced as a transferred use of the sense ‘a number of animals kept together’.


word: FLOE
russian_word: плавучая льдина
definition: a sheet of floating ice.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fləʊ
phonetics_text: fləʊ
origin:
early 19th century (superseding flake1 in this sense): probably from Norwegian flo, from Old Norse fló ‘layer’.


word: FLOG
russian_word: пороть
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flɒɡ
phonetics_text: flɒɡ
example:
the men had been flogged and branded on the forehead|he made a fortune flogging beads to hippies|by 10 pm we had flogged up the slopes to Grey Crag

definition:
beat (someone) with a whip or stick as a punishment.|sell or offer for sale.|make one's way with strenuous effort.

synonyms:
whip|scourge|flagellate|lash|birch|switch|tan|strap|belt|cane|thrash|beat|leather|tan/whip someone's hide|give someone a hiding

origin:
late 17th century (originally slang): perhaps imitative, or from Latin flagellare ‘to whip’, from flagellum ‘whip’.


word: FLOGGER
russian_word: флоггер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒɡə
phonetics_text: ˈflɒɡə
definition:
a person who whips or flogs another.|a person who sells something.|a brush used in interior decorating to give a marbled or woodgrain effect.


word: FLOOD
russian_word: наводнение
example: the villagers had been cut off by floods and landslides|she burst into floods of tears
synonyms: inundation|swamping|deluge|torrent|overflow|flash flood|freshet|downpour|cloudburst|spate
origin: Old English flōd, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vloed and German Flut, also to flow.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flʌd
phonetics_text: flʌd
definition:
an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits, especially over what is normally dry land.|an outpouring of tears.|short for floodlight.


word: FLOODLIGHT
russian_word: прожектор
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈflʌdlʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflʌdlʌɪt
definition:
a large, powerful light, typically one of several used to illuminate a sports ground, a stage, or the exterior of a building.


word: FLOODPLAIN
russian_word: пойма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌdpleɪn
phonetics_text: ˈflʌdpleɪn
definition:
an area of low-lying ground adjacent to a river, formed mainly of river sediments and subject to flooding.


word: FLOOR
russian_word: этаж
example: a wooden floor|a third-floor flat
synonyms: ground|flooring
origin: Old English flōr, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vloer and German Flur .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flɔː
phonetics_text: flɔː
definition:
the lower surface of a room, on which one may walk.|all the rooms or areas on the same level of a building; a storey.|(in a legislative assembly) the part of the house in which members sit and from which they speak.


word: FLOORWALKER
russian_word: администратор универмага
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɔːwɔːkə
phonetics_text: ˈflɔːwɔːkə
definition:
a senior employee in a large shop who supervises assistants, directs customers, and answers queries.


word: FLOOZY
russian_word: шлюха
example: he runs off with some floozy that's only interested in fame and money
origin: late 19th century: perhaps related to flossy or to dialect floosy ‘fluffy’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfluːzi
phonetics_text: ˈfluːzi
definition:
a young woman who has many casual sexual partners or who dresses or behaves in a sexually provocative way.


word: FLOP
russian_word: провал
example: his blond hair flopped over his eyes|the show flopped in London
antonyms: be successful
synonyms: hang (down)|drop|hang loosely/limply|dangle|droop|sag|flap|loll
origin: early 17th century: variant of flap.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flɒp
phonetics_text: flɒp
definition:
fall, move, or hang in a loose and ungainly way.|(of a performer or show) be completely unsuccessful; fail totally.


word: FLOPPER
russian_word: неудачник
example: because no one wants to reward a flopper, many referees are hesitant to call fouls
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒpə
phonetics_text: ˈflɒpə
definition:
a player who deliberately falls or stumbles in order to give the appearance of having been fouled by an opponent.


word: FLOPPING
russian_word: шлепающий
example: the league introduced a system to penalize flopping
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒpɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈflɒpɪŋ
definition:
the action of deliberately falling or stumbling in order to give the appearance of having been fouled by an opponent.


word: FLOPPY
russian_word: дискета
example: his dark floppy hair
definition: tending to flop or hang loosely.
antonyms: erect|stiff
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈflɒpi
phonetics_text: ˈflɒpi
synonyms:
limp|flaccid|slack|flabby|relaxed|drooping|droopy|sagging|saggy|hanging|dangling|pendulous|loose|flowing


word: FLOR
russian_word: Флор
origin: late 19th century: from Spanish, literally ‘flower’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flor
phonetics_text: flor
definition:
yeast allowed to develop in a whitish film on the surface of dry (fino) sherries and similar wines during fermentation.


word: FLORENTINE
russian_word: флорентийский
example: eggs florentine
definition: relating to Florence.|(of a dish) served on a bed of spinach.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈflɒr(ə)ntʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈflɒr(ə)ntʌɪn
origin:
Middle English (as a noun): from French Florentin(e ) or Latin Florentinus, from Florentia ‘Florence’.


word: FLORESCENCE
russian_word: цветение
example: the Hieracia are erect throughout the process of florescence
definition: the process of flowering.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flɔːˈrɛs(ə)ns
phonetics_text: flɔːˈrɛs(ə)ns|fləˈrɛs(ə)ns
origin:
late 18th century: from modern Latin florescentia, from Latin florescere ‘begin to flower’, based on flos, flor- ‘flower’.


word: FLORET
russian_word: цветочек
origin: late 17th century: from Latin flos, flor- ‘flower’ + -et1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒrɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflɒrɪt|ˈflɔːrɪt
definition:
one of the small flowers making up a composite flower head.|one of the flowering stems making up a head of cauliflower or broccoli.


word: FLORIBUNDA
russian_word: флорибунда
definition: a plant, especially a rose, which bears dense clusters of flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌflɒrɪˈbʌndə
phonetics_text: ˌflɒrɪˈbʌndə|ˌflɔːrɪˈbʌndə
origin:
late 19th century: modern Latin, feminine (used as a noun) of floribundus ‘freely flowering’, from Latin flos, flor- ‘flower’, influenced by Latin abundus ‘copious’.


word: FLORID
russian_word: витиеватый
example: a stout man with a florid face|a florid, baroque building|florid symptoms of psychiatric disorder
antonyms: pale
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin floridus, from flos, flor- ‘flower’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflɒrɪd
phonetics_text: ˈflɒrɪd
definition:
having a red or flushed complexion.|excessively intricate or elaborate.|(of a disease or its manifestations) occurring in a fully developed form.

synonyms:
ruddy|red|red-faced|reddish|rosy|rosy-cheeked|pink|pinkish|roseate|rubicund|healthy-looking|glowing|fresh|flushed|blushing|high-coloured|blowsy|sanguine|erubescent|rubescent


word: FLORILEGIUM
russian_word: Флорилегиум
definition: a collection of literary extracts; an anthology.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌflɒrɪˈliːdʒɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌflɒrɪˈliːdʒɪəm|flɔːrɪˈliːdʒɪəm
origin:
early 17th century: modern Latin, literally ‘bouquet’ (from Latin flos, flor- ‘flower’ + legere ‘gather’), translation of Greek anthologion (see anthology).


word: FLORIN
russian_word: флорин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒrɪn
phonetics_text: ˈflɒrɪn
definition:
a former British coin and monetary unit worth two shillings.|a foreign coin of gold or silver, especially a Dutch guilder.|the basic monetary unit of Aruba, equal to 100 cents.

origin:
via Old French from Italian fiorino, diminutive of fiore ‘flower’, from Latin flos, flor- . The word originally denoted a gold coin issued in Florence, bearing a fleur-de-lis (the city's emblem) on the reverse.


word: FLORIST
russian_word: флорист
definition: a person who sells and arranges cut flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflɒrɪst
phonetics_text: ˈflɒrɪst
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin flos, flor- ‘flower’, on the pattern of French fleuriste or Italian florista .


word: FLORUIT
russian_word: годы деятельности исторического лица
origin: Latin, literally ‘he or she flourished’, from florere ‘to flourish’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈflɒrʊɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflɒrʊɪt|ˈflɔːrʊɪt
definition:
used in conjunction with a specified period or set of dates to indicate when a particular historical figure lived, worked, or was most active.


word: FLOSS
russian_word: нить
definition: the rough silk enveloping a silkworm's cocoon.|short for dental floss.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flɒs
phonetics_text: flɒs
origin:
mid 18th century: from French (soie) floche ‘floss (silk)’, from Old French flosche ‘down, nap of velvet’, of unknown origin.


word: FLOTATION
russian_word: флотация
example: the body form is modified to assist in flotation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fləʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: fləʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of floating in a liquid or gas.|the process of offering a company's shares for sale on the stock market for the first time.

origin:
early 19th century: alteration of floatation (from float) on the pattern of French flottaison . The spelling flot- was influenced by flotilla.


word: FLOUNCE
russian_word: метаться
example: he stood up in a fury and flounced out
definition: go or move in an exaggeratedly impatient or angry manner.
antonyms: slink
synonyms: storm|stride angrily|sweep|stomp|stamp|march|strut|stalk
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flaʊns
phonetics_text: flaʊns
origin:
mid 16th century: perhaps of Scandinavian origin and related to Norwegian flunsa ‘hurry’, or perhaps symbolic, like bounce or pounce .


word: FLOUNDER
russian_word: камбала
example: he was floundering about in the shallow offshore waters
definition: struggle or stagger clumsily in mud or water.
antonyms: make good progress
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈflaʊndə
phonetics_text: ˈflaʊndə
synonyms:
struggle|thrash|thresh|flail|toss and turn|twist and turn|pitch|splash|stagger|stumble|falter|lurch|blunder|fumble|grope|squirm|writhe

origin:
late 16th century: perhaps a blend of founder3 and blunder, or perhaps symbolic, fl- frequently beginning words connected with swift or sudden movement.


word: FLOUR
russian_word: мучной
definition: a powder obtained by grinding grain, typically wheat, and used to make bread, cakes, and pastry.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈflaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈflaʊə
origin:
Middle English: a specific use of flower in the sense ‘the best part’, used originally to mean ‘the finest quality of ground wheat’. The spelling flower remained in use alongside flour until the early 19th century.


word: FLOURISH
russian_word: процветать
antonyms: die|wither
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈflʌrɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈflʌrɪʃ
example:
wild plants flourish on the banks of the lake|‘Happy New Year!’ he yelled, flourishing a bottle of whisky

definition:
(of a living organism) grow or develop in a healthy or vigorous way, especially as the result of a particularly congenial environment.|wave (something) about to attract attention.

synonyms:
grow|thrive|prosper|grow/do well|develop|burgeon|increase|multiply|proliferate|spring up|shoot up|bloom|blossom|bear fruit|burst forth|run riot|put on a spurt|boom|mushroom

origin:
Middle English: from Old French floriss-, lengthened stem of florir, based on Latin florere, from flos, flor- ‘a flower’. The noun senses ‘ornamental curve’ and ‘florid expression’ come from an obsolete sense of the verb, ‘adorn’ (originally with flowers).


word: FLOUT
russian_word: попирать
example: the advertising code is being flouted|the women pointed and flouted at her
definition: openly disregard (a rule, law, or convention).|mock; scoff.
antonyms: observe
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: flaʊt
phonetics_text: flaʊt
synonyms:
defy|refuse to obey|go against|rebel against|scorn|disdain|show contempt for|fly in the face of|thumb one's nose at|make a fool of|poke fun at|disobey|break|violate|fail to comply with|fail to observe|contravene|infringe|breach|commit a breach of|transgress against|ignore|disregard|set one's face against|kick against|cock a snook at|infract|set at naught

origin:
mid 16th century: perhaps from Dutch fluiten ‘whistle, play the flute, hiss (in derision)’; German dialect pfeifen auf, literally ‘pipe at’, has a similar extended meaning.


word: FLOW
russian_word: течь
example: from here the river flows north|people flowed into the huge courtyard
origin: Old English flōwan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vloeien, also to flood.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fləʊ
phonetics_text: fləʊ
definition:
(of a liquid, gas, or electricity) move steadily and continuously in a current or stream.|go from one place to another in a steady stream, typically in large numbers.|(of a solid) undergo a permanent change of shape under stress, without melting.

synonyms:
run|move|go along|course|pass|proceed|glide|slide|drift|circulate|trickle|dribble|drizzle|spill|gurgle|babble|ripple|stream|swirl|surge|sweep|gush|cascade|pour|roll|rush|whirl|well|spurt|spout|squirt|spew|jet|leak|seep|ooze|percolate|drip


word: FLOWER
russian_word: цветок
example: he wasted the flower of French youth on his dreams of empire
antonyms: dregs
synonyms: bloom|blossom|floweret|floret
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈflaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈflaʊə
definition:
the seed-bearing part of a plant, consisting of reproductive organs (stamens and carpels) that are typically surrounded by a brightly coloured corolla (petals) and a green calyx (sepals).|the finest individuals out of a number of people or things.

origin:
Middle English flour, from Old French flour, flor, from Latin flos, flor- . The original spelling was no longer in use by the late 17th century except in its specialized sense ‘ground grain’ (see flour).


word: FLOWERPOT
russian_word: цветочный горшок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflaʊəpɒt
phonetics_text: ˈflaʊəpɒt
definition:
a small container, typically with sloping sides and made from plastic or earthenware, used for growing a plant in.


word: FLUCTUATE
russian_word: колебаться
example: trade with other countries tends to fluctuate from year to year
definition: rise and fall irregularly in number or amount.
antonyms: be steady
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈflʌktʃʊeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflʌktʃʊeɪt|ˈflʌktjʊeɪt
synonyms:
vary|differ|shift|change|alter|waver|swing|oscillate|alternate|rise and fall|go up and down|see-saw|yo-yo|be unstable|be unsteady

origin:
mid 17th century (earlier (late Middle English) as fluctuation ): from Latin fluctuat- ‘undulated’, from the verb fluctuare, from fluctus ‘flow, current, wave’, from fluere ‘to flow’.


word: FLUCTUATION
russian_word: колебание
example: fluctuations in the yearly values could be caused by a variety of factors
definition: an irregular rising and falling in number or amount; a variation.
antonyms: stability
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌflʌktʃʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌflʌktʃʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n|ˌflʌktjʊˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
variation|shift|change|alteration|swing|movement|oscillation|undulation|alternation|rise and fall|rising and falling|see-sawing|yo-yoing|instability|unsteadiness


word: FLUE
russian_word: дымоход
example: no air rises up the chimney, usually because the flue is blocked
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fluː
phonetics_text: fluː
definition:
a duct for smoke and waste gases produced by a fire, a gas heater, a power station, or other fuel-burning installation.

synonyms:
duct|tube|passage|channel|canal|conduit|shaft|air passage|airway|vent|well|funnel|chimney|chimney stack|smokestack|pipe|pipeline|outlet|inlet

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the mouthpiece of a hunting horn): of unknown origin. Current senses date from the late 16th century.


word: FLUENCY
russian_word: беглость
definition: the quality or condition of being fluent.
antonyms: jerkiness
origin: early 17th century: from Latin fluentia, from fluere ‘to flow’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfluːənsi
phonetics_text: ˈfluːənsi
synonyms:
fluidity|flow|smoothness|effortlessness|ease|naturalness|grace|gracefulness|elegance|regularity|rhythm|rhythmicity|flowingness


word: FLUENT
russian_word: беглый
antonyms: inarticulate
origin: late 16th century: from Latin fluent- ‘flowing’, from the verb fluere .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfluːənt
phonetics_text: ˈfluːənt
example:
a fluent speaker and writer on technical subjects|his style of play was fast and fluent|a fluent discharge from the nose

definition:
able to express oneself easily and articulately.|smoothly graceful and effortless.|able to flow freely; fluid.

synonyms:
articulate|eloquent|expressive|communicative|coherent|cogent|illuminating|vivid|silver-tongued|persuasive|glib|voluble


word: FLUENTLY
russian_word: бегло
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfluːəntli
phonetics_text: ˈfluːəntli
example:
he writes fluently and authoritatively|Smith batted fluently to hit 11 fours off 115 balls|the game ran fluently

definition:
with an ability to express oneself easily and articulately.|in a smoothly graceful and effortless manner.|in a way that progresses smoothly.


word: FLUFF
russian_word: пух
example: he brushed his sleeve to remove the fluff|the film is a piece of typical Hollywood fluff
synonyms: fuzz|lint|dust|dustballs|dust bunnies|ooze
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flʌf
phonetics_text: flʌf
definition:
soft fibres from fabrics such as wool or cotton which accumulate in small light clumps.|entertainment or writing perceived as trivial or superficial.|a mistake made in speaking or playing music, or by an actor in delivering their lines.

origin:
late 18th century: probably a dialect alteration of 16th-century flue  ‘down, nap, fluff’, apparently from Flemish vluwe .


word: FLUFFY
russian_word: пушистый
example: a fluffy kitten|a fluffy blonde in leopard-skin pedal-pushers
definition: of, like, or covered with fluff.|frivolous or silly; lacking depth or seriousness.
antonyms: rough
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflʌfi
phonetics_text: ˈflʌfi
synonyms:
fleecy|woolly|fuzzy|shaggy|hairy|feathery|downy|furry|velvety|cushiony|soft|floccose|flocculent|lanate|lanose


word: FLUID
russian_word: жидкость
example: body fluids
antonyms: solid
synonyms: flowing substance|liquid|watery substance|moisture|solution|juice|sap|gas|gaseous substance|vapour
origin: late Middle English (as an adjective): from French fluide or Latin fluidus, from fluere ‘to flow’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfluːɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfluːɪd
definition:
a substance that has no fixed shape and yields easily to external pressure; a gas or (especially) a liquid.


word: FLUIDICS
russian_word: струйная
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fluːˈɪdɪks
phonetics_text: fluːˈɪdɪks
definition:
the study and technique of using small interacting flows and fluid jets for functions usually performed by electronic devices.


word: FLUKE
russian_word: счастливая случайность
example: their victory was a bit of a fluke
definition: an unlikely chance occurrence, especially a surprising piece of luck.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fluːk
phonetics_text: fluːk
synonyms:
chance|coincidence|accident|a twist of fate|piece/stroke of luck|piece/stroke of good luck|piece/stroke of good fortune|lucky stroke|happy/lucky chance|lucky break

origin:
mid 19th century (originally a term in games such as billiards denoting a lucky stroke): perhaps a dialect word.


word: FLUKY
russian_word: переменчивый
example: a fluky goal
definition: obtained or achieved more by chance than skill.
antonyms: planned
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfluːki
phonetics_text: ˈfluːki
synonyms:
lucky|fortunate|providential|timely|opportune|serendipitous|expedient|heaven-sent|auspicious|propitious|felicitous|convenient|apt|chance|fortuitous|accidental|unexpected|unanticipated|unforeseen|unlooked-for|coincidental|haphazard|inadvertent|random|unintended|jammy


word: FLUME
russian_word: желоб
definition: an artificial channel conveying water, typically used for transporting logs or timber.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fluːm
phonetics_text: fluːm
origin:
Middle English (denoting a river or stream): from Old French flum, from Latin flumen ‘river’, from fluere ‘to flow’. The sense ‘artificial channel’ dates from the mid 18th century; ‘water chute for amusement’ is a late 20th-century usage.


word: FLUMMERY
russian_word: вздор
example: she hated the flummery of public relations
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌm(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈflʌm(ə)ri
definition:
meaningless or insincere flattery or conventions.|a sweet dish made with beaten eggs, milk, sugar, and flavourings.

origin:
early 17th century (denoting a dish made with oatmeal or wheatmeal boiled to a jelly): from Welsh llymru ; perhaps related to llymrig ‘soft, slippery’.


word: FLUMMOX
russian_word: ставить в затруднительное положение
example: I was completely flummoxed by the whole thing
definition: perplex (someone) greatly; bewilder.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈflʌməks
phonetics_text: ˈflʌməks
synonyms:
baffle|bewilder|mystify|bemuse|perplex|puzzle|confuse|confound|nonplus|disconcert|throw|throw off balance|disorientate|take aback|set thinking|bamboozle|discombobulate|faze|stump|beat|fox|be all Greek to|make someone's head spin|floor|fog|buffalo|wilder|gravel|maze|cause to be at a stand|distract|pose|obfuscate|baffled|bewildered|mystified|bemused|perplexed|puzzled|confused|confounded|nonplussed|disconcerted|thrown|thrown off balance|at sea|at a loss|disorientated|taken aback|bamboozled|discombobulated|fazed|stumped|foxed|floored|bushed|wildered|distracted|mazed

origin:
mid 19th century: probably of dialect origin; flummock  ‘to make untidy, confuse’ is recorded in western counties and the north Midlands.


word: FLUNK
russian_word: провалить
example: I flunked biology in the tenth grade
definition: fail to reach the required standard in (an examination, test, or course of study).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: flʌŋk
phonetics_text: flʌŋk
origin:
early 19th century (in the general sense ‘back down, fail utterly’; originally US): perhaps related to funk1 or to US flink ‘be a coward’, perhaps a variant of flinch.


word: FLUNKEY
russian_word: лакей
definition: a liveried manservant or footman.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌŋki
phonetics_text: ˈflʌŋki
synonyms:
liveried manservant|liveried servant|lackey|steward|butler|footman|valet|retainer|attendant|factotum|houseboy|page

origin:
mid 18th century (originally Scots): perhaps from flank in the sense ‘a person who stands at one's flank’.


word: FLUORESCENCE
russian_word: флуоресценция
origin: mid 19th century: from fluorspar (which fluoresces), on the pattern of opalescence .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flʊəˈrɛs(ə)ns
phonetics_text: flʊəˈrɛs(ə)ns|flɔːˈrɛs(ə)ns
definition:
the visible or invisible radiation produced from certain substances as a result of incident radiation of a shorter wavelength such as X-rays or ultraviolet light.


word: FLUORIDE
russian_word: фторид
origin: early 19th century: from fluorine + -ide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʊərʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈflʊərʌɪd|ˈflɔːrʌɪd
definition:
a compound of fluorine with another element or group, especially salt of the anion F− or an organic compound with fluorine bonded to an alkyl group.|sodium fluoride or another fluorine-containing salt added to water supplies or toothpaste in order to reduce tooth decay.


word: FLUORINE
russian_word: фтор
origin: early 19th century: from fluor (see fluorspar) + -ine4.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʊəriːn
phonetics_text: ˈflʊəriːn|ˈflɔːriːn
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 9, a poisonous pale yellow gas of the halogen series. It is the most reactive of all the elements, causing very severe burns on contact with skin.


word: FLUORITE
russian_word: флюорит
origin: mid 19th century: from fluor (see fluorspar) + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʊərʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflʊərʌɪt|ˈflɔːrʌɪt
definition:
a mineral consisting of calcium fluoride which typically occurs as cubic crystals, colourless when pure but often coloured by impurities.


word: FLUOROCARBON
russian_word: фторуглеводород
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌflʊərə(ʊ)ˈkɑːb(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌflʊərə(ʊ)ˈkɑːb(ə)n|ˌflɔːrə(ʊ)ˈkɑːb(ə)n
definition:
a compound formed by replacing one or more of the hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon with fluorine atoms.


word: FLUOROSCOPE
russian_word: флюороскоп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʊərəskəʊp
phonetics_text: ˈflʊərəskəʊp|ˈflɔːrəskəʊp
definition:
an instrument with a fluorescent screen used for viewing X-ray images without taking and developing X-ray photographs.


word: FLUOROSIS
russian_word: флюороз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flʊəˈrəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: flʊəˈrəʊsɪs|flɔːˈrəʊsɪs
definition:
a chronic condition caused by excessive intake of fluorine compounds, marked by mottling of the teeth and, if severe, calcification of the ligaments.


word: FLUORSPAR
russian_word: плавиковый шпат
definition: another term for fluorite.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʊəspɑː
phonetics_text: ˈflʊəspɑː|ˈflɔːspɑː
origin:
late 18th century: from fluor  ‘a flow, a mineral used as a flux, fluorspar’ (from Latin fluor, from fluere ‘to flow’) + spar3.


word: FLUOXETINE
russian_word: флуоксетин
origin: 1970s: from fluo(rine) + ox(y) + -etine (perhaps from e + a blend of toluene and amine).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fluːˈɒksətiːn
phonetics_text: fluːˈɒksətiːn
definition:
a synthetic compound which inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain and is taken to treat depression.


word: FLURRIED
russian_word: взбудораженный
example: Jack was never flurried
definition: agitated, nervous, or anxious.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflʌrɪd
phonetics_text: ˈflʌrɪd
synonyms:
agitated|flustered|ruffled|in a panic|worked up|beside oneself|overwrought|perturbed|frantic|in a flap|in a state|in a twitter|in a fluster|in a dither|all of a dither|all of a lather|in a tizz/tizzy|in a tiz-woz|in a (flat) spin|having kittens|in a twit


word: FLURRY
russian_word: шквал
example: a flurry of snow
definition: a small swirling mass of something, especially snow or leaves, moved by sudden gusts of wind.
synonyms: swirl|whirl|eddy|billow|shower|gust|rush|burst|gale|squall|storm
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈflʌri
phonetics_text: ˈflʌri
origin:
late 17th century: from obsolete flurr  ‘fly up, flutter, whirr’ (imitative), probably influenced by hurry.


word: FLUSH
russian_word: заподлицо
antonyms: pale
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flʌʃ
phonetics_text: flʌʃ
example:
Rachel flushed angrily|she flushed the loo|the grouse were flushed from the woods|the plant had started to flush by late March

definition:
(of a person's skin, face, etc.) become red and hot, typically as the result of illness or strong emotion.|cleanse (something, especially a toilet) by causing large quantities of water to pass through it.|drive (a bird, especially a game bird, or an animal) from its cover.|(of a plant) send out fresh shoots.

synonyms:
blush|redden|turn/go pink|turn/go red|turn/go crimson|turn/go scarlet|colour (up)|change colour|crimson|tint|burn up|mantle|red|pink|ruddy|glowing|reddish|pinkish|florid|high-coloured|healthy-looking|aglow|burning|flaming|feverish|rubicund|roseate|rosy|blushing|red-faced|blowsy|embarrassed|shamefaced|sanguine|erubescent|rubescent

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘move rapidly, spring up’, especially of a bird ‘fly up suddenly’): symbolic, fl- frequently beginning words connected with sudden movement; perhaps influenced by flash1 and blush.


word: FLUSHED
russian_word: покраснел
example: her flushed cheeks|flushed with success, I was getting into my stride
antonyms: dismayed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: flʌʃt
phonetics_text: flʌʃt
definition:
(of a person's skin) red and hot, typically as the result of illness or strong emotion.|(of a person) excited or elated by something.

synonyms:
elated|thrilled|exhilarated|happy|delighted|overjoyed|joyous|gleeful|excited|animated|jubilant|exultant|ecstatic|euphoric|rapturous|in raptures|enraptured|intoxicated|beside oneself|transported|carried away|impassioned|in a frenzy|delirious|hysterical|wild|frenzied|blissed out|over the moon|high|on a high|wigged out|corybantic


word: FLUSTER
russian_word: волновать
example: there's nothing you can do or say to fluster Bernie
definition: make (someone) agitated or confused.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈflʌstə
phonetics_text: ˈflʌstə
synonyms:
unsettle|make nervous|unnerve|agitate|ruffle|upset|bother|put on edge|discompose|disquiet|disturb|worry|alarm|panic|perturb|disconcert|confuse|throw off balance|confound|nonplus|hassle|rattle|faze|discombobulate|put into a flap|throw into a tizz|send into a spin

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘make slightly drunk’): perhaps of Scandinavian origin and related to Icelandic flaustra ‘hurry, bustle’.


word: FLUTE
russian_word: флейта
example: a flute of champagne
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fluːt
phonetics_text: fluːt
definition:
a wind instrument made from a tube with holes that are stopped by the fingers or keys, held vertically or horizontally (in which case it is also called a transverse flute ) so that the player's breath strikes a narrow edge. The modern orchestral form is a transverse flute, typically made of metal, with an elaborate set of keys.|an ornamental vertical groove in a column.|a tall, narrow wine glass.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French flahute, probably from Provençal flaüt, perhaps a blend of flaujol ‘flageolet’ + laüt ‘lute’.


word: FLUTED
russian_word: рифленый
example: fluted pillars|a pretty floral dress with fluted sleeves
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfluːtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfluːtɪd
definition:
having flutes or grooves; ridged.|(of a garment or part of a garment) having flared or trumpet-shaped frills.


word: FLUTTER
russian_word: флаттер
example: a couple of butterflies fluttered around the garden
synonyms: flit|hover|flitter|dance
origin: Old English floterian, flotorian, a frequentative form related to fleet4.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈflʌtə
phonetics_text: ˈflʌtə
definition:
(of a bird or other winged creature) fly unsteadily or hover by flapping the wings quickly and lightly.


word: FLUTTERING
russian_word: колебание
example: fluttering butterflies
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈflʌtərɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈflʌtərɪŋ
definition:
(of a bird or other winged creature) flying unsteadily or hovering by flapping the wings quickly and lightly.


word: FLUVIATILE
russian_word: речные осадки
example: fluviatile sediments
definition: of, found in, or produced by a river.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfluːvɪəˌtʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈfluːvɪəˌtʌɪl
origin:
late 16th century: from French, from Latin fluviatilis, from fluviatus ‘moistened’, from fluvius ‘river’.


word: FLUVOXAMINE
russian_word: флувоксамин
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fluːˈvɒxəmiːn
phonetics_text: fluːˈvɒxəmiːn
definition:
a synthetic antidepressant drug which acts by prolonging the effect of the neurotransmitter serotonin on the brain.


word: FLUX
russian_word: поток
example: the flux of ions across the membrane|since the fall of the wall Berlin has been a city in flux
antonyms: stability
origin: late Middle English: from Latin fluxus, from fluere ‘to flow’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: flʌks
phonetics_text: flʌks
definition:
the action or process of flowing or flowing out.|an abnormal discharge of blood or other matter from or within the body.|continuous change.|a substance mixed with a solid to lower its melting point, used especially in soldering and brazing metals or to promote vitrification in glass or ceramics.

synonyms:
continuous change|changeability|changeableness|variability|inconstancy|fluidity|instability|unsteadiness|unpredictability|irregularity|fitfulness|unreliability|fickleness|fluctuation|variation|shift|alteration|swing|movement|oscillation|alternation|rise and fall|rising and falling|see-sawing|yo-yoing


word: FLUXGATE
russian_word: феррозондовый
example: a fluxgate compass
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌksɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflʌksɡeɪt
definition:
a device consisting of one or more soft iron cores each surrounded by primary and secondary windings, used for determining the characteristics of an external magnetic field from the signals produced in the secondary windings.


word: FLUXION
russian_word: флюксия
origin: mid 16th century: from French, or from Latin flux- ‘flowed’, from the verb fluere .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈflʌkʃ(ə)n
definition:
a function corresponding to the rate of change of a variable quantity; a derivative.|the action or process of flowing or moving continuously; flux.


word: FLY
russian_word: летать
origin: Old English flēogan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vliegen and German fliegen, also to fly2.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: flʌɪ
phonetics_text: flʌɪ
example:
close the door or the moths will fly in|balls kept flying over her hedge|she ran after him, her hair flying behind her|she flew along the path|that idea didn't fly with most other council members

definition:
(of a bird, bat, or insect) move through the air using wings.|move or be hurled quickly through the air.|wave or flutter in the wind.|go or move quickly.|be successful.

synonyms:
travel through the air|wing its way|wing|glide|soar|wheel|flutter|flit|hover|hang|take wing|take to the air|mount


word: FLY AT
russian_word: набрасываться с бранью
example: Robbie flew at him, fists clenched
definition: attack someone verbally or physically.
synonyms:
attack|assault|make an assault on|launch an attack on|pounce on|set upon|launch oneself at|weigh into|let fly at|turn on|round on|lash out at|hit out at|strike out at|beset|belabour|fall on|accost|mug|charge|rush|storm|lay into|tear into|lace into|sail into|pitch into|get stuck into|wade into|let someone have it|beat up|jump|set about|have a go at|light into


word: FLYBRIDGE
russian_word: флайбридж
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an open deck above the main bridge of a vessel such as a yacht or cabin cruiser, typically equipped with duplicate controls.


word: FLY-BY
russian_word: бреющий полет
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a flight past a point, especially the close approach of a spacecraft to a planet or moon for observation.


word: FLY-BY-NIGHT
russian_word: ненадежный человек
example: cheap suits made by fly-by-night operators
definition: unreliable or untrustworthy, especially in business or financial matters.
antonyms: reputable
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪbʌɪnʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪbʌɪnʌɪt
synonyms:
unreliable|undependable|irresponsible|untrustworthy|dishonest|deceitful|not to be trusted|dubious|double-dealing|treacherous|traitorous|two-faced|unfaithful|duplicitous|dishonourable|unprincipled|unscrupulous|corrupt|underhand|iffy|shady|shifty|slippery|crooked|dodgy|bent|shonky


word: FLYER
russian_word: листовка
example: frequent flyers
synonyms: air traveller|air passenger|airline customer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪə
definition:
a person or thing that flies, especially in a particular way.|a small handbill advertising an event or product.|short for flying start.|a speculative investment.


word: FLYING
russian_word: полет
example: a flying ant
definition: moving or able to move through the air with wings.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪɪŋ
synonyms:
airborne|in the air|in flight|fluttering|flitting|flapping|hovering|floating|gliding|windborne|soaring|winging|wheeling|winged|volitant


word: FLYOVER
russian_word: эстакада
example: his appeal extends way beyond the Bible Belt and the flyover states
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪəʊvə
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪəʊvə
definition:
a bridge carrying one railway line or road over another.|a low flight by one or more aircraft over a specific location.|denoting central regions of the US regarded as less significant than the East or West coasts.


word: FLYSCH
russian_word: флиш
origin: mid 19th century: from Swiss German dialect.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: flɪʃ
phonetics_text: flɪʃ
definition:
a sedimentary deposit consisting of thin beds of shale or marl alternating with coarser strata such as sandstone or conglomerate.


word: FLYSHEET
russian_word: листовка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪʃiːt
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪʃiːt
definition:
a fabric cover pitched outside and over a tent to give extra protection against bad weather.|a tract or circular of two or four pages.


word: FLYWEIGHT
russian_word: легкий вес
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪweɪt
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪweɪt
definition:
a weight in boxing and other sports intermediate between light flyweight and bantamweight. In the amateur boxing scale it ranges from 48 to 51 kg.


word: FLYWHEEL
russian_word: маховик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈflʌɪwiːl
phonetics_text: ˈflʌɪwiːl
definition:
a heavy revolving wheel in a machine which is used to increase the machine's momentum and thereby provide greater stability or a reserve of available power.


word: FOAM
russian_word: пена
example: a beer with a thick head of foam
definition: a mass of small bubbles formed on or in liquid, typically by agitation or fermentation.
synonyms: froth|spume|surf|spindrift|spray|fizz|effervescence|mousse|bubbles|head|lather|suds
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fəʊm
phonetics_text: fəʊm
origin:
Old English fām (noun), fǣman (verb), of West Germanic origin; related to Old High German feim (noun), feimen (verb).


word: FOB
russian_word: ФОБ
definition: a chain attached to a watch for carrying in a waistcoat or waistband pocket.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɒb
phonetics_text: fɒb
origin:
mid 17th century (denoting a fob pocket in a waistband): origin uncertain; probably related to German dialect Fuppe ‘pocket’.


word: FOCAL
russian_word: очаговый
example: the focal symbol of sovereignty is the crown
origin: late 17th century: from modern Latin focalis, from Latin focus, or directly from focus.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfəʊk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊk(ə)l
definition:
relating to the centre or most important part.|relating to the focus of a lens.|(of a disease or medical condition) occurring in one particular site in the body.


word: FOCUS
russian_word: фокус
example: this generation has made the environment a focus of attention|his face is rather out of focus
antonyms: out of focus|in focus
origin: mid 17th century (as a term in geometry and physics): from Latin, literally ‘domestic hearth’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfəʊkəs
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊkəs
definition:
the centre of interest or activity.|the state or quality of having or producing clear visual definition.|one of the fixed points from which the distances to any point of a given curve, such as an ellipse or parabola, are connected by a linear relation.|an element of a sentence that is given prominence by intonational or other means.

synonyms:
centre|focal point|central point|centre of attention|hub|pivot|nucleus|heart|cornerstone|linchpin|kingpin|bedrock|basis|anchor|backbone|cynosure


word: FOCUSED
russian_word: сосредоточены
example: Darren knows what he wants and he's very focused
definition: directing a great deal of attention, interest, or activity towards a particular aim.
antonyms: distracted
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfəʊkəst
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊkəst
synonyms:
concentrated|concentrating|attentive|absorbed|engrossed|fascinated|enthralled|enrapt|rapt|earnest|intense|studious|fixed|steady|steadfast|occupied|preoccupied|wrapped up|alert|watchful|observant|determined|resolved|firm|committed|single-minded|inflexible|obsessive|obsessed|fanatical|fixated


word: FOE
russian_word: враг
example: his work was praised by friends and foes alike
definition: an enemy or opponent.
antonyms: friend
origin: Old English fāh ‘hostile’ and gefā ‘enemy’, of West Germanic origin; related to feud.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fəʊ
phonetics_text: fəʊ
synonyms:
enemy|adversary|opponent|rival|nemesis|antagonist|combatant|challenger|competitor|opposer|hostile party|the opposition|the competition|the other side|the opposing side|corrival|vier


word: FOG
russian_word: туман
example: the collision occurred in thick fog|the coffee helped clear the fog in my brain
origin: mid 16th century: perhaps a back-formation from foggy.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fɒɡ
phonetics_text: fɒɡ
definition:
a thick cloud of tiny water droplets suspended in the atmosphere at or near the earth's surface which obscures or restricts visibility (to a greater extent than mist; strictly, reducing visibility to below 1 km).|a state or cause of perplexity or confusion.

synonyms:
mist|mistiness|fogginess|haar|smog|murk|murkiness|haze|haziness|gloom|gloominess|pea-souper|(sea) fret|clag|brume|fume


word: FOIBLE
russian_word: слабость
example: they have to tolerate each other's little foibles
antonyms: strength
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɔɪb(ə)l
definition:
a minor weakness or eccentricity in someone's character.|the part of a sword blade from the middle to the point.

synonyms:
weakness|weak point|weak spot|failing|shortcoming|flaw|imperfection|blemish|fault|defect|frailty|infirmity|inadequacy|limitation|quirk|kink|idiosyncrasy|eccentricity|peculiarity|abnormality|Achilles heel|chink in one's armour|hang-up

origin:
late 16th century (as an adjective in the sense ‘feeble’): from obsolete French, in Old French fieble (see feeble). Both noun senses also formerly occurred as senses of the word feeble and all date from the 17th century.


word: FOIL
russian_word: фольга
example: a brave policewoman foiled the armed robbery
definition: prevent (something considered wrong or undesirable) from succeeding.
antonyms: assist
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fɔɪl
phonetics_text: fɔɪl
synonyms:
thwart|frustrate|counter|oppose|balk|disappoint|impede|obstruct|hamper|hinder|snooker|cripple|scotch|derail|smash|dash|stop|check|block|prevent|defeat|nip in the bud|mess up|screw up|do for|put paid to|stymie|cook someone's goose|scupper|nobble|queer|put the mockers on|traverse|root

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘trample down’): perhaps from Old French fouler ‘to full cloth, trample’, based on Latin fullo ‘fuller’. Compare with full2.


word: FOIST
russian_word: всучить
example: she had no desire to have an elderly relative foisted on her
definition: impose an unwelcome or unnecessary person or thing on.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔɪst
phonetics_text: fɔɪst
synonyms:
impose|force|thrust|offload|unload|dump|palm off|fob off|shift on to|pass off|get rid of|saddle someone with|land someone with|burden someone with|lumber someone with

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘palm a false die, so as to produce it at the right moment’): from Dutch dialect vuisten ‘take in the hand’, from vuist (see fist).


word: FOLD
russian_word: сложить
example: Sam folded up the map|a bag was folded around the book|the club folded earlier this year
origin: Old English falden, fealden, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vouwen and German falten .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fəʊld
phonetics_text: fəʊld
definition:
bend (something flexible and relatively flat) over on itself so that one part of it covers another.|cover or wrap something in (a soft or flexible material).|(of an enterprise or organization) cease trading or operating as a result of financial problems.

synonyms:
double|double over|double up|crease|turn under|turn up|turn over|bend|overlap|tuck|gather|pleat|crimp|bunch


word: FOLDER
russian_word: папка
synonyms: file|binder|ring binder|portfolio|document case|envelope|sleeve|jacket|wrapper|wallet
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəʊldə
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊldə
definition:
a folding cover or holder, typically made of stiff paper or card, for storing loose papers.|a folded leaflet or a booklet made of folded sheets of paper.


word: FOLDING
russian_word: складной
example: a folding chair
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfəʊldɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊldɪŋ
definition:
(of a piece of furniture or equipment) able to be bent or rearranged into a flatter or more compact shape, typically in order to make it easier to store or carry.


word: FOLIAGE
russian_word: листва
example: healthy green foliage
definition: plant leaves collectively.
synonyms: leaves|leafage|greenery|vegetation|herbage|verdure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəʊlɪɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊlɪɪdʒ
origin:
late Middle English foilage (in the sense ‘design resembling leaves’): from Old French feuillage, from feuille ‘leaf’, from Latin folium . The change in the first syllable was due to association with Latin folium .


word: FOLIO
russian_word: фолиант
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəʊlɪəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊlɪəʊ
definition:
an individual leaf of paper or parchment, either loose as one of a series or forming part of a bound volume, which is numbered on the recto or front side only.|a sheet of paper folded once to form two leaves (four pages) of a book.

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin, ablative of folium ‘leaf’, in medieval Latin used in references to mean ‘on leaf so-and-so’. The original sense of in folio (from Italian in foglio ) was ‘in the form of a full-sized sheet or leaf folded once’ (designating the largest size of book).


word: FOLK
russian_word: народный
example: some folk will do anything for money|a mixture of folk and reggae
definition: people in general.|folk music.
origin: Old English folc, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch volk and German Volk .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: fəʊk
phonetics_text: fəʊk
synonyms:
people|humans|persons|individuals|(living) souls|mortals|citizenry|inhabitants|residents|populace|population|public|men|women|and children|peeps|denizens


word: FOLKLORE
russian_word: фольклор
origin: mid 19th century: from folk + lore1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəʊklɔː
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊklɔː
definition:
the traditional beliefs, customs, and stories of a community, passed through the generations by word of mouth.

synonyms:
mythology|lore|oral history|tradition|folk tradition|legends|fables|myths|folk tales|folk stories|old wives' tales|mythus|mythos


word: FOLKSY
russian_word: народный
example: the shop's folksy, small-town image|his folksy, direct style
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfəʊksi
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊksi
definition:
having the characteristics of traditional culture and customs, especially in a contrived or artificial way.|informal and unpretentious.


word: FOLLICLE
russian_word: фолликул
origin: late Middle English: from Latin folliculus ‘little bag’, diminutive of follis ‘bellows’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒlɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɒlɪk(ə)l
definition:
a small secretory cavity, sac, or gland.|a dry fruit that is derived from a single carpel and opens on one side only to release its seeds.


word: FOLLIS
russian_word: Фоллис
origin: Latin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒlɪs
phonetics_text: ˈfɒlɪs
definition:
a bronze or copper coin of a type introduced by the Roman emperor Diocletian in AD 296 and also used later in Byzantine currency.


word: FOLLOW
russian_word: следовать
antonyms: lead
origin: Old English folgian, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch volgen and German folgen .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɒləʊ
phonetics_text: ˈfɒləʊ
example:
she went back into the house, and Ben followed her|the six years that followed his restoration|he has difficulty in following written instructions|I've been following this discussion closely

definition:
go or come after (a person or thing proceeding ahead); move or travel behind.|come after in time or order.|act according to (an instruction or precept).|pay close attention to.|practise (a trade or profession).

synonyms:
come behind|come after|go behind|go after|walk behind|tread on the heels of|accompany|go along with|go around with|travel with|escort|attend|trail around with|tag along with|string along with


word: FOLLOWER
russian_word: последователь
example: followers of Nietzsche
antonyms: leader|opponent
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒləʊə
phonetics_text: ˈfɒləʊə
definition:
a person who supports and admires a particular person or set of ideas.|a person who moves or travels behind someone or something.

synonyms:
acolyte|assistant|attendant|satellite|companion|retainer|henchman|minion|lackey|toady|servant|page|squire|hanger-on|camp follower|sidekick|liegeman|pursuivant|disciple|apostle|supporter|defender|champion|believer|worshipper|votary|fan|enthusiast|admirer|devotee|lover|adherent|groupie|rooter|booster


word: FOLLOW THROUGH
russian_word: доводить до конца
example: don't promise a reward and then not follow through
antonyms: abandon
definition:
continue an action or task to its conclusion.|(in golf, cricket, and other sports) continue the movement of a stroke after the ball has been struck.

synonyms:
complete|bring to completion|bring to a finish|continue to the end|see something through|continue with|carry on with|keep on with|keep going with|stay with|stick something out


word: FOLLOW UP
russian_word: доводить до конца
example: I decided to follow up the letters with phone calls
definition: pursue or investigate something further.
synonyms:
investigate|research|find out about|look into|dig into|delve into|make inquiries into|inquire about|ask questions about|pursue|chase up|check out|scope out


word: FOLLY
russian_word: глупость
example: an act of sheer folly|the Ziegfeld Follies
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒli
phonetics_text: ˈfɒli
definition:
lack of good sense; foolishness.|a costly ornamental building with no practical purpose, especially a tower or mock-Gothic ruin built in a large garden or park.|a theatrical revue with glamorous female performers.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French folie ‘madness’, in modern French also ‘delight, favourite dwelling’ (compare with folly (sense 2)), from fol ‘fool, foolish’.


word: FOMENT
russian_word: разжигать
example: they accused him of fomenting political unrest
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fə(ʊ)ˈmɛnt
phonetics_text: fə(ʊ)ˈmɛnt
definition:
instigate or stir up (an undesirable or violent sentiment or course of action).|bathe (a part of the body) with warm or medicated lotions.

synonyms:
instigate|incite|provoke|agitate|excite|stir up|whip up|arouse|inspire|encourage|urge|actuate|initiate|generate|cause|prompt|start|bring about|kindle|spark off|trigger off|touch off|fan the flames of|enkindle|effectuate

origin:
late Middle English (in foment (sense 2)): from French fomenter, from late Latin fomentare, from Latin fomentum ‘poultice, lotion’, from fovere ‘to heat, cherish’.


word: FON
russian_word: фон
origin: the name in Fon.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: fɒn
phonetics_text: fɒn
definition:
a member of a people inhabiting the southern part of Benin.|the language of the Fon, belonging to the Kwa group, with about 1 million speakers.


word: FOND
russian_word: любящий
example: I'm very fond of Mel
definition: having an affection or liking for.|(of a hope or belief) foolishly optimistic; naive.
antonyms: indifferent to
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fɒnd
phonetics_text: fɒnd
synonyms:
keen on|partial to|addicted to|enthusiastic about|passionate about|attached to|attracted to|enamoured of|in love with|with a soft spot for|into|hooked on|gone on|wild about|nuts about|crazy about|sweet on|struck on|potty about|dotty about

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘infatuated, foolish’): from obsolete fon ‘a fool, be foolish’, of unknown origin. Compare with fun.


word: FONDANT
russian_word: помадка
origin: late 19th century: from French, literally ‘melting’, present participle of fondre .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈfɒnd(ə)nt
definition:
a thick paste made of sugar and water and often flavoured or coloured, used in the making of sweets and the icing and decoration of cakes.


word: FONDLE
russian_word: ласкать
example: he kissed and fondled her
definition: stroke or caress lovingly or erotically.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈfɒnd(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɒnd(ə)l
synonyms:
caress|stroke|pat|pet|pull|finger|touch|tickle|twiddle|play with|massage|knead|maul|molest|paw|grope|feel up|touch up|cop a feel of

origin:
late 17th century (in the sense ‘pamper’): back-formation from obsolete fondling ‘much-loved or petted person’, from fond + -ling.


word: FONDNESS
russian_word: любовь
example: I remember him with great fondness
definition: affection or liking for someone or something.
antonyms: hatred|dislike
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒn(d)nəs
phonetics_text: ˈfɒn(d)nəs
synonyms:
affection|love|liking|warmth|tenderness|kindness|devotion|care|endearment|feeling|sentiment|attachment|closeness|friendliness|familiarity|intimacy|regard|respect|admiration|adoration|worship|reverence|taste|partiality|preference|keenness|inclination|penchant|predilection|fancy|relish|passion|proclivity|appetite|weakness|soft spot|susceptibility|addiction|thing|yen|appetency


word: FONDUE
russian_word: фондю
example: a Swiss cheese fondue
origin: French, feminine past participle of fondre ‘to melt’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒnd(j)uː
phonetics_text: ˈfɒnd(j)uː
definition:
a dish in which small pieces of food are dipped into a hot sauce or a hot cooking medium such as oil or broth.


word: FONT
russian_word: шрифт
example: they dip down into the font of wisdom
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɒnt
phonetics_text: fɒnt
definition:
a receptacle in a church for the water used in baptism, typically a free-standing stone structure.|a reservoir for oil in an oil lamp.|a source of a desirable quality or commodity; a fount.

origin:
late Old English: from Latin fons, font- ‘spring, fountain’, occurring in the ecclesiastical Latin phrase fons or fontes baptismi ‘baptismal water(s’).


word: FONTANELLE
russian_word: родничок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfɒntəˈnɛl
phonetics_text: ˌfɒntəˈnɛl
definition:
a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and the sutures not fully formed. The main one is between the frontal and parietal bones.

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a hollow of the skin between muscles): from French, from modern Latin fontanella, from an Old French diminutive of fontaine (see fountain). The current sense dates from the mid 18th century.


word: FOOD
russian_word: еда
example: we need food and water
origin: late Old English fōda, of Germanic origin; related to fodder.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fuːd
phonetics_text: fuːd
definition:
any nutritious substance that people or animals eat or drink or that plants absorb in order to maintain life and growth.

synonyms:
nourishment|sustenance|nutriment|subsistence|fare|bread|daily bread|cooking|baking|cuisine|foodstuffs|edibles|refreshments|meals|provisions|rations|stores|supplies|solids|vivers|eats|eatables|nosh|grub|chow|nibbles|scoff|tuck|chuck|victuals|vittles|viands|commons|meat|comestibles|provender|aliment|commissariat|viaticum|fodder|feed|forage|herbage|pasturage|silage


word: FOOL
russian_word: дурак
example: I felt a bit of a fool
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: fuːl
phonetics_text: fuːl
definition:
a person who acts unwisely or imprudently; a silly person.|a jester or clown, especially one retained in a royal or noble household.

synonyms:
idiot|halfwit|nincompoop|blockhead|buffoon|dunce|dolt|ignoramus|cretin|imbecile|dullard|moron|simpleton|clod|dope|ninny|chump|dimwit|nitwit|goon|dumbo|dummy|dum-dum|dumb-bell|loon|jackass|bonehead|fathead|numbskull|dunderhead|chucklehead|knucklehead|muttonhead|pudding-head|thickhead|wooden-head|airhead|pinhead|lamebrain|pea-brain|birdbrain|zombie|jerk|nerd|dipstick|donkey|noodle|nit|numpty|twit|clot|ass|goat|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|git|wazzock|divvy|nerk|twerp|charlie|mug|muppet|nyaff|balloon|sumph|gowk|gobdaw|schmuck|bozo|boob|lamer|turkey|schlepper|chowderhead|dumbhead|dumbass|goofball|goof|goofus|galoot|dork|lummox|klutz|putz|schlemiel|sap|meatball|gink|cluck|clunk|ding-dong|dingbat|wiener|weeny|dip|simp|spud|coot|palooka|poop|squarehead|yo-yo|dingleberry|wing nut|drongo|dill|alec|galah|nong|bogan|poon|boofhead|mompara|tomfool|noddy|clodpole|loggerhead|spoony|mooncalf|knobhead|asshat

origin:
Middle English: from Old French fol ‘fool, foolish’, from Latin follis ‘bellows, windbag’, by extension ‘empty-headed person’.


word: FOOL AROUND
russian_word: дурачиться
example: I shouted at him impatiently to stop fooling around
definition: act in a joking, frivolous, or teasing way.
synonyms:
play the fool|act foolishly|act the clown|act the fool|play about|play around|clown about|clown around|monkey about|monkey around|play tricks|indulge in horseplay|engage in high jinks|mess about|mess around|muck about|muck around|lark (about)|lark (around)|cut up|play the giddy goat|piss about|piss around|arse about|arse around|bugger about|bugger around


word: FOOLERY
russian_word: дурачество
example: we endured his foolery all afternoon
definition: silly or foolish behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfuːləri
phonetics_text: ˈfuːləri
synonyms:
clowning|fooling|tomfoolery|hoaxing|mischief|buffoonery|silliness|silly behaviour|skylarking|horseplay|antics|capers|practical jokes|pranks|foolishness|stupidity|idiocy|larking around|larks|shenanigans|monkey tricks|didoes|harlequinade


word: FOOLHARDY
russian_word: безрассудный
example: it would be foolhardy to go into the scheme without support
definition: recklessly bold or rash.
antonyms: wise
origin: Middle English: from Old French folhardi, from fol ‘foolish’ + hardi ‘bold’ (see hardy).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfuːlhɑːdi
phonetics_text: ˈfuːlhɑːdi
synonyms:
reckless|rash|incautious|careless|heedless|unheeding|thoughtless|unwise|imprudent|irresponsible|injudicious|impulsive|hot-headed|impetuous|daredevil|devil-may-care|death-or-glory|madcap|hare-brained|precipitate|precipitous|desperate|hasty|overhasty|over-adventurous|over-venturesome|temerarious


word: FOOLISH
russian_word: глупый
example: he was foolish enough to confide in her
definition: lacking good sense or judgement; unwise.
antonyms: sensible|wise
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfuːlɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈfuːlɪʃ
synonyms:
stupid|silly|idiotic|half-witted|witless|brainless|mindless|thoughtless|imprudent|incautious|irresponsible|injudicious|indiscreet|unwise|unintelligent|unreasonable|ill-advised|ill-considered|impolitic|rash|reckless|foolhardy|lunatic|absurd|senseless|pointless|nonsensical|inane|fatuous|ridiculous|laughable|risible|derisible|dumb|dim|dim-witted|dopey|damfool|half-baked|hare-brained|crackbrained|pea-brained|wooden-headed|thickheaded|nutty|mad|crazy|dippy|cuckoo|screwy|wacky|barmy|daft|dotty|batty|gormless|glaikit|dumb-ass|chowderheaded|dotish


word: FOOLISHLY
russian_word: глупо
example: they were condemned for acting foolishly
definition: in an unwise manner; stupidly.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfuːlɪʃli
phonetics_text: ˈfuːlɪʃli
synonyms:
stupidly|idiotically|ineptly|inanely|senselessly|unwisely|ill-advisedly|incautiously|indiscreetly|short-sightedly|without thinking|without forethought|fatuously|absurdly|crazily|barmily


word: FOOLISHNESS
russian_word: глупость
example: she was realizing the foolishness of her actions
definition: lack of good sense or judgement; stupidity.
antonyms: wisdom|sense
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfuːlɪʃnəs
phonetics_text: ˈfuːlɪʃnəs
synonyms:
folly|foolhardiness|stupidity|idiocy|imbecility|silliness|inanity|lunacy|madness|rashness|recklessness|imprudence|injudiciousness|irrationality|illogicality|irresponsibility|thoughtlessness|indiscretion|craziness|daftness


word: FOOLPROOF
russian_word: надежный
example: a foolproof security system
definition: incapable of going wrong or being misused.
antonyms: flawed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfuːlpruːf
phonetics_text: ˈfuːlpruːf
synonyms:
infallible|never failing|unfailing|unerring|dependable|reliable|trustworthy|certain|sure|guaranteed|safe|sound|effective|efficacious|tried and tested|watertight|airtight|flawless|perfect|sure-fire


word: FOOSBALL
russian_word: настольный футбол
origin: 1960s: from German Fussball ‘football’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊsbɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈfʊsbɔːl
definition:
a tabletop version of soccer in which players turn rods fixed on top of a playing box and attached to miniature figures of players, in order to flick the ball and strike it toward the goal.


word: FOOT
russian_word: фут
example: the foot of the stairs|shallow water no more than a foot deep
synonyms: tootsie|trotter|plates of meat|dogs
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fʊt
phonetics_text: fʊt
definition:
the lower extremity of the leg below the ankle, on which a person stands or walks.|a projecting part on which a piece of furniture or each of its legs stands.|the lower or lowest part of something; the base or bottom.|a unit of linear measure equal to 12 inches (30.48 cm).|a group of syllables constituting a metrical unit. In English poetry it consists of stressed and unstressed syllables, while in ancient classical poetry it consists of long and short syllables.

origin:
Old English fōt, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch voet and German Fuss, from an Indo-European root shared by Sanskrit pad, pāda, Greek pous, pod-, and Latin pes, ped- ‘foot’.


word: FOOTBALL
russian_word: футбол
example: a football club|whose fingers would we prefer to have on America's nuclear football?
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtbɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtbɔːl
definition:
any of various forms of team game involving kicking (and in some cases also handling) a ball, in particular (in the UK) soccer or (in the US) American football.|a ball used in football, either round (as in soccer) or oval (as in rugby and American football) and typically made of leather or plastic and filled with compressed air.|a briefcase containing authentication codes and other items that allow the US president to authorize a nuclear strike at any time.


word: FOOTBOARD
russian_word: подножка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtbɔːd
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtbɔːd
definition:
an upright panel forming the foot of a bed.|a board serving as a step up to a vehicle such as a carriage or train.


word: FOOTER
russian_word: нижний колонтитул
example: a tall, sturdy six-footer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtə
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtə
definition:
a person or thing of a specified number of feet in length or height.|variant of footy.|a line or block of text appearing at the foot of each page of a book or document.


word: FOOTFALL
russian_word: поступь
example: you will recognize his footfall on the stairs|a drive to improve footfall in individual branches
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtfɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtfɔːl
definition:
the sound of a footstep or footsteps.|the number of people entering a shop or shopping area in a given time.


word: FOOTING
russian_word: опора
example: he suddenly lost his footing|attempts to establish the shop on a firm financial footing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtɪŋ
definition:
a secure grip with one's feet.|the basis on which something is established or operates.|the foundations of a wall, usually with a course of brickwork wider than the base of the wall.

synonyms:
foothold|toehold|hold|grip|anchorage|purchase|secure position|firm contact|support|steadiness|stability|balance|equilibrium


word: FOOTLE
russian_word: дурить
example: where's that pesky creature that was footling about outside?
definition: engage in fruitless activity; mess about.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfuːt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfuːt(ə)l
origin:
late 19th century: perhaps from dialect footer  ‘idle, potter about’, from 16th-century foutre  ‘worthless thing’, from Old French, literally ‘have sexual intercourse with’.


word: FOOTLING
russian_word: пустяковый
example: year after year you come with the same footling complaint
definition: trivial and irritating.
antonyms: important|major
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfuːtlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfuːtlɪŋ
synonyms:
trivial|trifling|petty|insignificant|unimportant|minor|silly|pointless|immaterial|irrelevant|inessential|non-essential|time-wasting|fiddling|hair-splitting|paltry|nugatory|worthless|of little account|not worth bothering about|not worth mentioning|piddling|piffling|penny-ante|twopenny-halfpenny|nickel-and-dime|small-bore|picayune


word: FOOTMAN
russian_word: лакей
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtmən
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtmən
definition:
a liveried servant whose duties include admitting visitors and waiting at table.|a soldier in the infantry.|a trivet to hang on the bars of a grate.|a slender moth that is typically of a subdued colour, the caterpillar feeding almost exclusively on lichens.


word: FOOTNOTE
russian_word: сноска
definition: an additional piece of information printed at the bottom of a page.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfʊtnəʊt
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtnəʊt
synonyms:
note|marginal note|annotation|comment|gloss|aside|incidental remark|digression|parenthesis|notation|marginalia|commentary|scholium


word: FOOTPRINT
russian_word: след
example: building contractors ensured that the footprint of the former military base was reused
synonyms: footmark|footstep|track|print|mark|spoor|trace|impression
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtprɪnt
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtprɪnt
definition:
the impression left by a foot or shoe on the ground or a surface.|the area occupied or affected by something.


word: FOOT RACE
russian_word: состязание в беге
definition: a race between runners; a running race.
part_of_speech: noun
example:
they're competing in one of the world's toughest foot races, the Marathon des Sables, in South Morocco


word: FOOTSIE
russian_word: заигрывание
origin: mid 18th century: humorous diminutive of foot.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtsi
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtsi
example:
give those tired footsies a well-earned rest|the evening ended with a game of footsie under the table

definition:
a child's word for a person's foot.|the action of touching someone's feet lightly with one's own feet, especially under a table, as a playful expression of romantic interest.


word: FOOTWORK
russian_word: работа ног
example: a deft piece of footwork
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtwəːk
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtwəːk
definition:
the manner in which one moves one's feet in various sports, especially in dancing, boxing, and football.


word: FOP
russian_word: щеголь
definition: a man who is concerned with his clothes and appearance in an affected and excessive way.
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘fool’): perhaps related to fob2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɒp
phonetics_text: fɒp
synonyms:
dandy|beau|poseur|glamour boy|man about town|bright young thing|rake|boulevardier|petit-maître|swell|toff|snappy dresser|sharp dresser|natty dresser|trendy|pretty boy|coxcomb|popinjay|peacock|buck


word: FOPPISH
russian_word: фатоватый
example: he is foppish and vain
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɒpɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈfɒpɪʃ
definition:
concerned with one's clothes and appearance in an affected and excessive way (typically used of a man).

synonyms:
dandyish|dandified|dapper|dressy|spruce|affected|dainty|preening|vain|effeminate|effete|girly|niminy-piminy|mincing|posturing|la-di-da|natty|poncy


word: FORAGE
russian_word: корм
example: the birds forage for aquatic invertebrates, insects, and seeds
definition: (of a person or animal) search widely for food or provisions.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈfɒrɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈfɒrɪdʒ
origin:
Middle English: from Old French fourrage (noun), fourrager (verb), from fuerre ‘straw’, of Germanic origin and related to fodder.


word: FORAMINIFER
russian_word: фораминифера
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfɒrəˈmɪnɪfə
phonetics_text: ˌfɒrəˈmɪnɪfə
definition:
a single-celled planktonic animal with a perforated chalky shell through which slender protrusions of protoplasm extend. Most kinds are marine, and when they die thick ocean-floor sediments are formed from their shells.

origin:
mid 19th century: from Latin foramen, foramin- (see foramen) + -fer ‘bearing’ (from ferre ‘to bear’).


word: FORAY
russian_word: набег
example: the garrison made a foray against Richard's camp
definition: a sudden attack or incursion into enemy territory, especially to obtain something; a raid.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfɒreɪ
phonetics_text: ˈfɒreɪ
synonyms:
raid|attack|assault|incursion|swoop|strike|charge|sortie|sally|rush|onrush|push|thrust|onslaught|offensive|bombardment|act of aggression|act of war|blitz|campaign|onset

origin:
Middle English: back-formation from forayer  ‘a person who forays’, from Old French forrier ‘forager’, from fuerre ‘straw’ (see forage).


word: FORBEAR
russian_word: воздерживаться
example: he modestly forbears to include his own work
definition: politely or patiently restrain an impulse to do something; refrain.
antonyms: persist in
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈbɛː
phonetics_text: fɔːˈbɛː
synonyms:
refrain|abstain|desist|keep|restrain oneself|stop oneself|hold back|withhold|resist the temptation to|steer clear of|give a wide berth to|fight shy of|eschew|avoid|shun|decline to|cease|give up|break off|lay off|leave off|swear off|give over|jack in|belay

origin:
Old English forberan  (see for-, bear1). The original senses were ‘endure, bear with’, hence ‘endure the absence of, do without’, also ‘control oneself’, hence ‘refrain from’ (Middle English).


word: FORBEARANCE
russian_word: снисходительность
example: his unfailing courtesy and forbearance under great provocation
definition: patient self-control; restraint and tolerance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːˈbɛːr(ə)ns
phonetics_text: fɔːˈbɛːr(ə)ns
synonyms:
tolerance|toleration|patience|resignation|endurance|fortitude|stoicism|long-sufferingness|leniency|lenity|clemency|indulgence|restraint|self-restraint|self-control|moderation|temperance|mildness


word: FORBEARING
russian_word: выдержанный
example: he proved to be remarkably forbearing whenever I was impatient or angry
definition: patient and restrained.
antonyms: impatient|intolerant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fɔːˈbɛərɪŋ
phonetics_text: fɔːˈbɛərɪŋ
synonyms:
patient|tolerant|easy-going|forgiving|merciful|understanding|accommodating|indulgent|kind|uncomplaining|long-suffering|resigned|stoical|stoic|restrained|self-restrained|self-controlled|moderate|mild|easy|calm|unflappable|cool|longanimous


word: FORBID
russian_word: запрещать
example: I can see why phones were forbidden
definition: refuse to allow (something).
antonyms: permit
origin: Old English forbēodan (see for-, bid2).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fəˈbɪd
phonetics_text: fəˈbɪd
synonyms:
prohibit|ban|outlaw|make illegal|veto|proscribe|disallow|preclude|exclude|rule out|bar|debar|block|stop|put a stop to|put an end to|declare taboo|give the red light to|give the thumbs down to|put the kibosh on|interdict|enjoin|restrain


word: FORBIDDEN
russian_word: запрещенный
example: a list of forbidden books
antonyms: permitted|legal
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəˈbɪd(ə)n
phonetics_text: fəˈbɪd(ə)n
definition:
not allowed; banned.|denoting or involving a transition between two quantum-mechanical states that does not conform to some selection rule, especially for electric dipole radiation.

synonyms:
prohibited|banned|debarred|vetoed|proscribed|ruled out|not allowed|disallowed|taboo|impermissible|not acceptable|unauthorized|unsanctioned|outlawed|illegal|unlawful|illicit|illegitimate|criminal|interdicted|verboten|haram|tapu|no go|not on|out|non licet


word: FORBIDDING
russian_word: неприступный
example: a grim and forbidding building
definition: unfriendly or threatening in appearance.
antonyms: friendly|inviting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəˈbɪdɪŋ
phonetics_text: fəˈbɪdɪŋ
synonyms:
hostile|unwelcoming|unfriendly|unsympathetic|unapproachable|harsh|grim|stern|hard|tough|cool|cold|chilly|frosty|disagreeable|nasty|mean|abhorrent|repellent|off-putting|threatening|ominous|menacing|sinister|brooding|daunting|fearsome|frightening|chilling|disturbing|disquieting|uninviting|mean-looking|foreboding|unpromising|inauspicious|evil-looking|suggestive of evil|spooky|scary|creepy|direful|bodeful


word: FORCE
russian_word: сила
antonyms: weakness
origin: Middle English: from Old French force (noun), forcer (verb), based on Latin fortis ‘strong’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fɔːs
phonetics_text: fɔːs
example:
he was thrown backwards by the force of the explosion|they ruled by law and not by force|the force of popular opinion|a British peacekeeping force|Luke used the Force to draw his lightsabre to his hand

definition:
strength or energy as an attribute of physical action or movement.|coercion or compulsion, especially with the use or threat of violence.|mental or moral strength or power.|an organized body of military personnel or police.|(in the Star Wars films) a mystical universal energy field which certain individuals, such as the Jedi, can harness to gain special powers or abilities.

synonyms:
strength|power|energy|might|potency|vigour|muscle|stamina|effort|exertion|impact|pressure|weight|impetus|punch


word: FORCED
russian_word: принудительный
example: there was no sign of a forced entry|a forced smile
antonyms: voluntary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fɔːst
phonetics_text: fɔːst
definition:
obtained or imposed by coercion or physical power.|(of a gesture or expression) produced or maintained with effort; affected or unnatural.

synonyms:
enforced|compulsory|obligatory|mandatory|involuntary|exacted|coerced|imposed|demanded|compelled|required|requisite|stipulated|dictated|ordained|prescribed|necessitated|unavoidable|inescapable|de rigueur


word: FORCEFUL
russian_word: сильный
example: she was a forceful personality
definition: strong and assertive; vigorous and powerful.
antonyms: weak|submissive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːsfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːsfʊl|ˈfɔːsf(ə)l
synonyms:
dynamic|energetic|assertive|authoritative|vigorous|powerful|potent|strong|strong-willed|pushing|driving|determined|insistent|commanding|bullish|dominant|domineering|bold|confident|self-confident|self-assured|self-possessed|audacious|enterprising|competitive|go-ahead|zealous|pushy|bossy|in-your-face|not backward in coming forward|feisty


word: FORCEMEAT
russian_word: фарш
example: pheasant sandwiched between a forcemeat of venison and wild boar
definition: a mixture of meat or vegetables chopped and seasoned for use as a stuffing or garnish.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːsmiːt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːsmiːt
origin:
late 17th century: from obsolete force  ‘to stuff’, alteration (influenced by the force1 (verb)) of farce, from French farcir (see farce).


word: FORCIBLE
russian_word: насильственный
example: signs of forcible entry
definition: done by force.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, from force (see force1).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːsɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
forced|violent|by force|using force|with force|compulsory|enforced|obligatory|mandatory|involuntary|imposed|exacted|coerced|demanded|compelled|required|stipulated|dictated|ordained|prescribed|unavoidable|inescapable


word: FORCIBLY
russian_word: принудительно
example: no one will be forcibly evicted
definition: using force or violence.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfɔːsɪbli
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːsɪbli
synonyms:
by force|against one's will|under protest|compulsorily|under compulsion|under coercion|of necessity|with force|with violence|violently|roughly|unceremoniously|willy-nilly|bodily|forcefully|vigorously|powerfully|potently|dynamically|energetically|assertively|heartily|eagerly|zealously|strenuously|aggressively|cogently|effectively|persuasively|convincingly|authoritatively|tellingly|movingly|impressively


word: FORCING
russian_word: принуждение
example: an opening bid of two clubs is forcing to game
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːsɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːsɪŋ
definition:
(of a bid) requiring by convention a response from one's partner, no matter how weak their hand may be.


word: FOREBEAR
russian_word: предок
example: generations of his forebears had lived in London
definition: an ancestor.
antonyms: descendant
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːbɛː
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːbɛː
synonyms:
ancestor|forefather|predecessor|progenitor|father|grandfather|parent|grandparent|antecedent|forerunner|precursor|primogenitor

origin:
late 15th century: from fore + bear, variant of obsolete beer ‘someone who exists’ (from be + -er1).


word: FOREBODE
russian_word: предвещать
example: this lull foreboded some new assault upon him
definition: (of a situation or occurrence) act as an advance warning of (something bad).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈbəʊd
phonetics_text: fɔːˈbəʊd
synonyms:
presage|augur|portend|prognosticate|foreshadow|foreshow|foretell|forecast|predict|prophesy|forewarn|warn of|be a warning of|herald|be an omen of|be a harbinger of|signify|mean|indicate|add up to|point to|announce|promise|spell|foretoken|betoken|harbinger|prefigure


word: FOREBODING
russian_word: предчувствие
example: with a sense of foreboding she read the note
definition: a feeling that something bad will happen; fearful apprehension.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: fɔːˈbəʊdɪŋ
phonetics_text: fɔːˈbəʊdɪŋ
synonyms:
apprehension|apprehensiveness|anxiety|perturbation|trepidation|disquiet|disquietude|unease|uneasiness|misgiving|suspicion|worry|fear|fearfulness|dread|alarm|butterflies (in the stomach)|the willies|the heebie-jeebies|the jitters|jitteriness|twitchiness|inquietude|premonition|presentiment|intuition|feeling|vague feeling|inkling|hunch|warning|omen|portent|sign|token|prediction|augury|prophecy|presage|prognostication|forecast|gut feeling|feeling in one's bones|funny feeling|sixth sense


word: FOREBRAIN
russian_word: передний мозг
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːbreɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːbreɪn
definition:
the anterior part of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus.


word: FORECAST
russian_word: прогноз
example: rain is forecast for Scotland
definition: predict or estimate (a future event or trend).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːkɑːst
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːkɑːst
synonyms:
predict|prophesy|prognosticate|augur|divine|foretell|foresee|forewarn|guess|hazard a guess|conjecture|speculate|estimate|calculate|reckon|expect|spae|presage|previse|vaticinate|auspicate


word: FORECLOSE
russian_word: исключать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈkləʊz
phonetics_text: fɔːˈkləʊz
example:
the bank was threatening to foreclose on his mortgage|the decision effectively foreclosed any possibility of his early rehabilitation

definition:
take possession of a mortgaged property when the mortgagor fails to keep up their mortgage payments.|rule out or prevent (a course of action).

origin:
Middle English: from Old French forclos, past participle of forclore, from for- ‘out’ (from Latin foras ‘outside’) + clore ‘to close’. The original sense was ‘bar from escaping’, in late Middle English ‘shut out’, and ‘bar from doing something’ (foreclose (sense 2)), hence specifically ‘bar someone from redeeming a mortgage’ (foreclose (sense 1), early 18th century).


word: FORECLOSURE
russian_word: лишение права выкупа закладной
example: assistance for mortgage borrowers facing foreclosure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːˈkləʊʒə
phonetics_text: fɔːˈkləʊʒə
definition:
the action of taking possession of a mortgaged property when the mortgagor fails to keep up their mortgage payments.


word: FORECOURT
russian_word: внешний двор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːkɔːt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːkɔːt
definition:
an open area in front of a large building or petrol station.|the part of the court between the service line and the net.


word: FOREFATHER
russian_word: праотец
example: the duchy which her forefathers had ruled since the tenth century
definition: a member of the past generations of one's family or people; an ancestor.
antonyms: descendant
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːfɑːðə
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːfɑːðə
synonyms:
forebear|ancestor|predecessor|progenitor|father|grandfather|parent|grandparent|antecedent|forerunner|precursor|primogenitor


word: FOREFRONT
russian_word: центр деятельности
example: the issue has moved to the forefront of the political agenda
definition: the leading or most important position or place.
antonyms: rear|background
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːfrʌnt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːfrʌnt
synonyms:
vanguard|van|spearhead|head|lead|fore|front|front line|cutting edge|foreground|foremost/leading position|position of prominence


word: FOREGOING
russian_word: предшествующий
example: the foregoing analysis of the economic class structure
definition: just mentioned or stated; preceding.
antonyms: following
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːɡəʊɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːɡəʊɪŋ
synonyms:
preceding|aforesaid|aforementioned|previously mentioned|earlier|above|above-stated|antecedent|previous|prior|anterior|prevenient|precedent|precursive|supra


word: FOREHAND
russian_word: удар справа
example: a good forehand drive
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːhand
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːhand
definition:
(in tennis and other racket sports) a stroke played with the palm of the hand facing in the direction of the stroke.|the part of a horse in front of the saddle.


word: FOREIGN
russian_word: иностранный
example: foreign currency|I suppose this all feels pretty foreign to you
antonyms: domestic
synonyms: overseas|distant|remote|far off|far flung|external|outside|alien|non-native|adventitious
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɒrɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfɒrɪn
definition:
of, from, in, or characteristic of a country or language other than one's own.|strange and unfamiliar.

origin:
Middle English foren, forein, from Old French forein, forain, based on Latin foras, foris ‘outside’, from fores ‘door’. The current spelling arose in the 16th century, by association with sovereign.


word: FOREIGNER
russian_word: иностранец
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒrɪnə
phonetics_text: ˈfɒrɪnə
definition:
a person born in or coming from a country other than one's own.|a piece of work done for private gain without an employer's permission or without declaration to the relevant authorities.


word: FORELAND
russian_word: коса
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːlənd
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːlənd
definition:
an area of land bordering on another or lying in front of a particular feature.|a cape or promontory.|a stable unyielding block of the earth's crust, against which compression produces a folded mountain range.


word: FOREMAN
russian_word: прораб
origin: Middle English: perhaps suggested by Dutch voorman (compare with German Vormann ).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːmən
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmən
definition:
a male worker who supervises and directs other workers.|(in a law court) a person who presides over a jury and speaks on its behalf.

synonyms:
supervisor|overseer|superintendent|manager|boss|team leader|line manager|controller|foreperson|chargehand|captain|ganger|grieve|induna|maistry|chief|head honcho|governor|super|gaffer|guv'nor|ramrod|straw boss|pannikin boss|overman


word: FOREMILK
russian_word: молозиво
example: I was making too much foremilk and not enough hindmilk
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːmɪlk
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmɪlk
definition:
the milk obtained in the first part of one session of breastfeeding a baby or milking a farm animal, which contains less fat than the milk at the end of the session (the hindmilk).


word: FOREMOST
russian_word: в первую очередь
example: one of the foremost art collectors of his day
definition: most prominent in rank, importance, or position.
antonyms: minor
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈfɔːməʊst
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːməʊst
synonyms:
leading|principal|premier|prime|elite|top|top-tier|top-level|first-rate|greatest|best|supreme|pre-eminent|major|most important|most prominent|most influential|most skilled|most illustrious|outstanding|notable|noteworthy|of note|first|primary|main|paramount|chief|key|central|ranking|number-one|top-notch

origin:
Old English formest, fyrmest, from forma  ‘first’ (ultimately a superlative formed from the Germanic base of fore) + -est1. Compare with first and former1. The current spelling arose by association with fore and most.


word: FORENSIC
russian_word: судебный
example: forensic evidence
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin forensis ‘in open court, public’, from forum (see forum).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: fəˈrɛnsɪk
phonetics_text: fəˈrɛnsɪk
definition:
relating to or denoting the application of scientific methods and techniques to the investigation of crime.|relating to courts of law.


word: FORERUNNER
russian_word: предтеча
antonyms: descendant
synonyms: predecessor|precursor|antecedent|ancestor|forebear|prototype|primogenitor
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːrʌnə
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːrʌnə
example:
the ice safe was a forerunner of today's refrigerator|overcast mornings are the sure forerunners of steady rain

definition:
a person or thing that precedes the coming or development of someone or something else.|a sign or warning of something to come.


word: FORESEE
russian_word: предвидеть
example: we did not foresee any difficulties
definition: be aware of beforehand; predict.
origin: Old English foresēon (see fore-, see1).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈsiː
phonetics_text: fɔːˈsiː
synonyms:
anticipate|predict|forecast|expect|envisage|envision|see|think likely|foretell|prophesy|divine|prognosticate|augur|foreknow|forebode|spae|vaticinate|auspicate


word: FORESHADOW
russian_word: предвещать
example: other new measures are foreshadowed in the White Paper
definition: be a warning or indication of (a future event).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈʃadəʊ
phonetics_text: fɔːˈʃadəʊ
synonyms:
augur|presage|portend|prognosticate|foreshow|foretell|indicate|suggest|signal|herald|forewarn|warn of|promise|point to|anticipate|forebode|foretoken|betoken|harbinger|prefigure


word: FORESHORE
russian_word: приливная полоса
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːʃɔː
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːʃɔː
definition:
the part of a shore between high- and low-water marks, or between the water and cultivated or developed land.


word: FORESHORTEN
russian_word: чертить в перспективе
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈʃɔːt(ə)n
phonetics_text: fɔːˈʃɔːt(ə)n
example:
seen from the road, the mountain is greatly foreshortened|our experience is that it is usually a mistake to try to foreshorten the process

definition:
portray or show (an object or view) as closer than it is or as having less depth or distance, as an effect of perspective or the angle of vision.|prematurely or dramatically shorten or reduce (something) in time or scale.


word: FORESIGHT
russian_word: предвидение
example: he had the foresight to check that his escape route was clear
antonyms: hindsight
origin: Middle English: from fore- + sight, probably suggested by Old Norse forsjá, forsjó .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːsʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːsʌɪt
definition:
the ability to predict what will happen or be needed in the future.|the front sight of a gun.|a sight taken forwards.

synonyms:
forethought|anticipation|planning|forward planning|provision|prescience|circumspection|watchfulness|attentiveness|vigilance|prudence|care|caution|precaution|readiness|preparedness|far-sightedness|discernment|presence of mind|judiciousness|discrimination|perspicacity|vision|awareness|penetration|forehandedness


word: FOREST
russian_word: лес
example: a pine forest|a forest of high-rise apartments
synonyms: wood(s)|woodland|trees|tree plantation|plantation|jungle|greenwood|holt
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒrɪst
phonetics_text: ˈfɒrɪst
definition:
a large area covered chiefly with trees and undergrowth.|a large number or dense mass of vertical or tangled objects.

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘wooded area kept for hunting’, also denoting any uncultivated land): via Old French from late Latin forestis (silva), literally ‘(wood) outside’, from Latin foris ‘outside’ (see foreign).


word: FORESTALL
russian_word: предупреждать
example: they will present their resignations to forestall a vote of no confidence
definition: prevent or obstruct (an anticipated event or action) by taking advance action.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈstɔːl
phonetics_text: fɔːˈstɔːl
synonyms:
pre-empt|get in before|get ahead of|steal a march on|anticipate|second-guess|nip in the bud|thwart|frustrate|foil|stave off|ward off|fend off|avert|preclude|obviate|prevent|intercept|check|block|hinder|impede|obstruct|beat someone to it|beat someone to the draw/punch

origin:
Old English foresteall  ‘an ambush’ (see fore- and stall). As a verb the earliest sense (Middle English) was ‘intercept and buy up goods before they reach the market, so as to raise the price’ (formerly an offence).


word: FORESTER
russian_word: лесник
origin: Middle English: from Old French forestier, from forest (see forest).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒrɪstə
phonetics_text: ˈfɒrɪstə
definition:
a person in charge of a forest or skilled in planting, managing, or caring for trees.|a person or animal living in a forest.|a small day-flying moth with metallic green forewings and a greenish-bronze body.|the eastern grey kangaroo.|a member of the Ancient Order of Foresters, a friendly society.


word: FORESTRY
russian_word: лесное хозяйство
definition: the science or practice of planting, managing, and caring for forests.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒrɪstri
phonetics_text: ˈfɒrɪstri
synonyms:
forest management|forest planting|forest cultivation|tree growing|forestation|afforestation|agroforestry|woodcraft|woodsmanship|arboriculture|silviculture|dendrology


word: FORETASTE
russian_word: предвкушение
example: his behemoth task force is just a foretaste of what is to come
definition: a sample or suggestion of something that lies ahead.
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
sample|taster|taste|preview|trailer|appetizer|tester|specimen|example|indication|suggestion|hint|whiff|warning|forewarning|advance warning|omen|tip-off|try-out


word: FORETELL
russian_word: предсказывать
example: a seer had foretold that the earl would assume the throne
definition: predict (the future or a future event).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈtɛl
phonetics_text: fɔːˈtɛl
synonyms:
predict|forecast|foresee|anticipate|envisage|envision|see|prophesy|prognosticate|augur|divine|warn|forewarn|foreshow|croak|spae|vaticinate|auspicate|presage|portend|foreshadow|indicate|signal|point to|add up to|be an omen of|be a warning of|be a harbinger of|forebode|foretoken|betoken|harbinger|prefigure


word: FORETHOUGHT
russian_word: предусмотрительность
example: Jim had the forethought to book in advance
definition: careful consideration of what will be necessary or may happen in the future.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːθɔːt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːθɔːt
synonyms:
anticipation|planning|forward planning|provision|precaution|prescience|circumspection|prudence|care|caution|foresight|far-sightedness|discernment|presence of mind|judiciousness|perspicacity|vision|awareness|penetration|forehandedness


word: FORETOKEN
russian_word: предвещать
example: a shiver in the night air foretokening December
definition: be a sign of (something to come).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: Old English foretācn (noun: see fore-, token).
synonyms:
signal|be a sign of|be a warning of|be an omen of|be a harbinger of|foretell|herald|announce|point to|add up to|spell|promise|indicate the coming of|be evidence of|be symptomatic of|betoken|forebode|harbinger


word: FOREVER
russian_word: навсегда
example: she would love him forever|they are forever on the move
definition: for all future time; for always.|continually.
antonyms: occasionally|never
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: fəˈrɛvə
phonetics_text: fəˈrɛvə
synonyms:
continually|continuously|constantly|perpetually|incessantly|endlessly|persistently|repeatedly|regularly|always|all the time|the entire time|non-stop|day and night|morning|noon|and night|aye|24/7


word: FOREWARN
russian_word: предостерегать
example: he had been forewarned of a coup plot
definition: inform (someone) of a possible future danger or problem.
antonyms: take by surprise
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈwɔːn
phonetics_text: fɔːˈwɔːn
synonyms:
warn|prewarn|warn in advance|give advance warning|give fair warning|give notice|advise|apprise|inform|put on one's guard about|alert about|caution about|tip off about|put wise to|put in the picture about|clue in about|tip someone the wink about|premonish|harbinger|omen|augury|sign|signal|herald|indication|presage|portent|promise|prediction|forecast|premonition|warning|advance warning|prior warning|tip-off|foretoken


word: FOREWOMAN
russian_word: женщина-мастер
definition: a female worker who supervises and directs other workers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːwʊmən
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːwʊmən
synonyms:
supervisor|overseer|superintendent|manager|manageress|boss|team leader|line manager|controller|foreperson|chargehand|captain|ganger|grieve|chief|head honcho|governor|super|gaffer|guv'nor|ramrod|straw boss|pannikin boss


word: FOREWORD
russian_word: предисловие
definition: a short introduction to a book, typically by a person other than the author.
origin: mid 19th century: from fore- + word, on the pattern of German Vorwort .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːwəːd
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːwəːd
synonyms:
preface|introduction|prologue|preamble|opening remarks|opening statement|preliminary matter|front matter|forward matter|intro|prelims|prolegomenon|proem|prooemium|exordium|prolusion


word: FORFEIT
russian_word: неустойка
example: those unable to meet their taxes were liable to forfeit their estates
definition: lose or be deprived of (property or a right or privilege) as a penalty for wrongdoing.
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːfɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːfɪt
origin:
Middle English (originally denoting a crime or transgression, hence a fine): from Old French forfet, forfait, past participle of forfaire ‘transgress’, from for- ‘out’ (from Latin foris ‘outside’) + faire ‘do’ (from Latin facere ).


word: FORFEITURE
russian_word: конфискация
example: magistrates ordered the forfeiture of his computer
definition: the loss or giving up of something as a penalty for wrongdoing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːfɪtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːfɪtʃə
synonyms:
confiscation|sequestration|loss|losing|denial|relinquishment|giving up|surrender|surrendering|sacrifice|sacrificing|yielding|ceding|attainder


word: FORFEND
russian_word: отвращать
definition: avert or prevent (something evil or unpleasant).|protect (something) by precautionary measures.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈfɛnd
phonetics_text: fɔːˈfɛnd
example:
‘The fiend forfend’ said the grim Earl|the sacrifice of Mississippi was forfended against even the treason of Wilkinson


word: FORGE
russian_word: ковать
antonyms: genuine
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fɔːdʒ
phonetics_text: fɔːdʒ
example:
he forged a great suit of black armour|the two women forged a close bond|the signature on the cheque was forged

definition:
make or shape (a metal object) by heating it in a fire or furnace and hammering it.|create (something) strong, enduring, or successful.|produce a fraudulent copy or imitation of (a document, signature, banknote, or work of art).

synonyms:
hammer out|beat into shape|found|cast|mould|model|fashion|form|shape|make|manufacture|produce|turn out|knock together|knock up|knock off

origin:
Middle English (also in the general sense ‘make, construct’): from Old French forger, from Latin fabricare ‘fabricate’, from fabrica ‘manufactured object, workshop’. The noun is via Old French from Latin fabrica .


word: FORGET
russian_word: забывать
example: he had forgotten his lines
definition: fail to remember.
antonyms: remember
synonyms: fail to remember|fail to recall|fail to think of|let slip
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fəˈɡɛt
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɛt
origin:
Old English forgietan, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vergeten and German vergessen, and ultimately to for- and get.


word: FORGETFUL
russian_word: забывчивый
example: I'm a bit forgetful these days
definition: apt or likely not to remember.
antonyms: reliable|heedful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəˈɡɛtfʊl
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɛtfʊl|fəˈɡɛtf(ə)l
synonyms:
absent-minded|apt to forget|amnesic|amnesiac|vague|abstracted|scatterbrained|heedless|neglectful|careless|unmindful|disregardful|inattentive to|negligent about|oblivious to|lax about|indifferent to|remiss in/about


word: FORGETFULNESS
russian_word: забывчивость
example: she teased him for his forgetfulness
definition: lapse of memory.
antonyms: a good memory|reliability|heed
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fəˈɡɛtf(ʊ)lnəs
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɛtf(ʊ)lnəs
synonyms:
absent-mindedness|amnesia|poor memory|a lapse of memory|vagueness|abstraction|neglect|negligence|heedlessness|carelessness|disregard|inattention to|obliviousness to|indifference to|unmindfulness


word: FORGIVABLE
russian_word: простительный
example: the flaws are forgivable
definition: able to be forgiven or tolerated; excusable.
antonyms: unforgivable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəˈɡɪvəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɪvəb(ə)l
synonyms:
pardonable|excusable|condonable|understandable|tolerable|permissible|allowable|justifiable|all right|within accepted bounds|minor|petty|slight|unimportant|insignificant|trivial|venial|not serious


word: FORGIVE
russian_word: прощать
example: I'll never forgive David for the way he treated her
definition: stop feeling angry or resentful towards (someone) for an offence, flaw, or mistake.
antonyms: blame|convict|resent
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fəˈɡɪv
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɪv
synonyms:
pardon|excuse|exonerate|absolve|acquit|let off|grant an amnesty to|amnesty|make allowances for|stop feeling resentful towards|feel no resentment towards|stop feeling malice towards|feel no malice towards|harbour no grudge against|bury the hatchet with|let bygones be bygones|let someone off the hook|go easy on|exculpate

origin:
Old English forgiefan, of Germanic origin, related to Dutch vergeven and German vergeben, and ultimately to for- and give.


word: FORGIVENESS
russian_word: прощение
example: she is quick to ask forgiveness when she has overstepped the line
definition: the action or process of forgiving or being forgiven.
antonyms: mercilessness|punishment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fəˈɡɪvnɪs
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɪvnɪs
synonyms:
pardon|absolution|exoneration|remission|dispensation|indulgence|understanding|tolerance|purgation|clemency|mercy|pity|lenience|leniency|quarter|reprieve|discharge|amnesty|delivery|acquittal|clearing|pardoning|condoning|condonation|vindication|exculpation|let-off|letting off|shrift|shriving

origin:
Old English forgiefenes, from forgiefen (past participle of forgiefan ‘forgive’) + the noun suffix -nes .


word: FORGIVING
russian_word: всепрощающий
example: Taylor was in a forgiving mood
definition: ready and willing to forgive.
antonyms: merciless|vindictive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəˈɡɪvɪŋ
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɪvɪŋ
synonyms:
merciful|lenient|compassionate|pitying|magnanimous|humane|clement|mild|soft-hearted|forbearing|tolerant|easy-going|indulgent|accommodating|understanding|placable


word: FORGO
russian_word: отказываться
example: she wanted to forgo the tea and leave while they could
definition: go without (something desirable).
antonyms: keep
origin: Old English forgān (see for-, go1).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈɡəʊ
phonetics_text: fɔːˈɡəʊ|fəˈɡəʊ
synonyms:
do without|go without|give up|waive|renounce|surrender|disavow|relinquish|part with|drop|sacrifice|forswear|abjure|swear off|steer clear of|abandon|cede|yield|abstain from|refrain from|eschew|cut out|decline|refuse|repudiate|spurn


word: FORGOTTEN
russian_word: забытый
definition: past participle of forget.
antonyms: remembered
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fəˈɡɒtn
phonetics_text: fəˈɡɒtn
synonyms:
unremembered|out of mind|past recollection|beyond/past recall|consigned to oblivion|obliterated|blotted out|buried|left behind|bygone|past|gone|lost|irrecoverable|irretrievable|neglected|overlooked|ignored|disregarded|unappreciated|unrecognized|of no interest


word: FORK
russian_word: вилка
example: turn right at the next fork
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fɔːk
phonetics_text: fɔːk
definition:
an implement with two or more prongs used for lifting food to the mouth or holding it when cutting.|the point where something, especially a road or river, divides into two parts.|each of a pair of supports in which a bicycle or motorcycle wheel revolves.|a flash of forked lightning.|a simultaneous attack on two or more pieces by one.

origin:
Old English forca, force (denoting a farm implement), based on Latin furca ‘pitchfork, forked stick’; reinforced in Middle English by Anglo-Norman French furke (also from Latin furca ).


word: FOR KEEPS
russian_word: навсегда
example: they'll have to give us the trophy for keeps if we win it again
definition: permanently; indefinitely.
antonyms: temporarily|for the time being
synonyms:
forever|for ever|for all time|for ever and ever|for always|once and for all|for good|for good and all|permanently|in perpetuity|forevermore|until kingdom come|until hell freezes over|until doomsday|for aye


word: FORLORN
russian_word: несчастный
example: forlorn figures at bus stops|a forlorn attempt to escape
antonyms: happy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəˈlɔːn
phonetics_text: fəˈlɔːn
definition:
pitifully sad and abandoned or lonely.|(of an aim or endeavour) unlikely to succeed or be fulfilled.

synonyms:
unhappy|sad|miserable|sorrowful|dejected|despondent|disconsolate|wretched|abject|morose|regretful|broken-hearted|heartbroken|down|downcast|dispirited|downhearted|heavy-hearted|crestfallen|depressed|melancholy|blue|gloomy|glum|mournful|despairing|doleful|woebegone|woeful|tearful|long-faced|joyless|cheerless|out of sorts|pitiful|pitiable|heart-rending|piteous|pathetic|uncared-for|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|fed up|lachrymose|desolate|deserted|abandoned|forsaken|forgotten|neglected

origin:
Old English forloren  ‘depraved, morally abandoned’, past participle of forlēosan  ‘lose’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch verliezen and German verlieren, and ultimately to for- and lose. forlorn (sense 1) dates from the 16th century.


word: FORM
russian_word: форма
antonyms: bad form
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fɔːm
phonetics_text: fɔːm
example:
the form, colour, and texture of the tree|essays in book form|sponsorship is a form of advertising|an excessive concern for legal form and precedent|an application form|the fifth form|they are one of the best teams around on current form

definition:
the visible shape or configuration of something.|a particular way in which a thing exists or appears.|a type or variety of something.|the customary or correct method or procedure.|a mould, frame, or block in or on which something is shaped.|a printed document with blank spaces for information to be inserted.|a class or year in a school, usually given a specifying number.|the state of a sports player or team with regard to their current standard of play.|a long bench without a back.|variant spelling of forme.|a hare's lair.

synonyms:
shape|configuration|formation|conformation|structure|construction|arrangement|disposition|appearance|outward form/appearance|exterior|contours|lines|outline|silhouette|profile|design|format|cut|pattern|mould

origin:
Middle English: from Old French forme (noun), fo(u)rmer (verb, from Latin formare ‘to form’), both based on Latin forma ‘a mould or form’.


word: FORMAL
russian_word: формальный
antonyms: informal
origin: late Middle English: from Latin formalis, from forma ‘shape, mould’ (see form).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːm(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːm(ə)l
example:
a formal dinner party|a formal complaint|I don't know enough about art to appreciate the purely formal qualities

definition:
done in accordance with convention or etiquette; suitable for or constituting an official or important occasion.|officially sanctioned or recognized.|of or concerned with outward form or appearance as distinct from content.

synonyms:
ceremonial|ceremonious|ritualistic|ritual|conventional|traditional|orthodox|prescribed|fixed|set|stately|courtly|solemn|dignified|elaborate|ornate|dressy


word: FORMALIN
russian_word: формалин
origin: late 19th century: from formaldehyde + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːm(ə)lɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːm(ə)lɪn
definition:
a colourless solution of formaldehyde in water, used chiefly as a preservative for biological specimens.


word: FORMALISM
russian_word: формализм
example: academic dryness and formalism|there is a formalism which expresses the idea of superposition
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːm(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːm(ə)lɪz(ə)m
definition:
excessive adherence to prescribed forms.|a description of something in formal mathematical or logical terms.


word: FORMALITY
russian_word: формальность
example: the formality of life in an English public school
definition: the rigid observance of convention or etiquette.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːˈmalɪti
phonetics_text: fɔːˈmalɪti
origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘accordance with legal rules or conventions’): from French formalité or medieval Latin formalitas, from formalis (see formal).


word: FORMALLY
russian_word: официально
definition: in accordance with convention or etiquette.|officially.|in outward form or appearance.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfɔːməli
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːməli
example:
he was formally attired|the Mayor will formally open the new Railway Centre|formally, ministers are responsible to the monarch


word: FORMAMIDE
russian_word: формамид
origin: mid 19th century: from form- (in formic acid) + amide.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːməmʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːməmʌɪd
definition:
a clear pungent liquid that is used in a wide range of industrial and scientific processes as a solvent, stabilizer, or raw material for synthesis.


word: FORMAT
russian_word: формат
example: the conventional format of TV situation comedies
definition: the way in which something is arranged or set out.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfɔːmat
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmat
origin:
mid 19th century: via French and German from Latin formatus (liber) ‘shaped (book)’, past participle of formare ‘to form’.


word: FORMATION
russian_word: формирование
example: the formation of the Great Rift Valley|strange black rock formations
definition: the action of forming or process of being formed.|a thing that has been formed.
antonyms: destruction|disappearance|dissolution
origin: late Middle English: from Latin formatio(n- ), from formare ‘to form’ (see form).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: fɔːˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
emergence|coming into being|genesis|development|evolution|origination|shaping|generation|establishment|setting up|start|getting going|initiation|institution|founding|foundation|inception|creation|inauguration|organization|building|construction|installation|planting


word: FORMATIVE
russian_word: образующий
example: his formative years
definition: serving to form something, especially having a profound influence on a person's development.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːmətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmətɪv
synonyms:
developmental|developing|growing|mouldable|malleable|impressionable|susceptible|determining|controlling|influential|guiding|decisive|forming|shaping|moulding|determinative

origin:
late 15th century: from Old French formatif, -ive or medieval Latin formativus, from Latin formare ‘to form’ (see form).


word: FORMER
russian_word: бывший
example: her former boyfriend|I take the former view
antonyms: future|next
origin: Middle English: from Old English forma (see foremost) + -er2.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːmə
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmə
definition:
having previously been a particular thing.|denoting the first or first mentioned of two people or things.

synonyms:
one-time|erstwhile|sometime|late|as was|previous|foregoing|preceding|old|earlier|prior|precursory|antecedent|ex-|past|last|ci-devant|quondam|whilom|anterior|precedent


word: FORMERLY
russian_word: раньше
example: Mumbai, formerly Bombay
definition: in the past; in earlier times.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfɔːməli
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːməli
synonyms:
previously|earlier|earlier on|before|until now/then|hitherto|née|once|as was|once upon a time|at one time|at an earlier time|in the past|in days gone by|back in the day|in years gone by|in times gone by|in bygone days|in times past|in former times|in earlier times|time was when|back|ago|heretofore


word: FORMICATION
russian_word: мурашки по телу
definition: a sensation like insects crawling over the skin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfɔːmɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌfɔːmɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin formicatio(n- ), from formicare ‘crawl like an ant’ (said of the pulse or skin), from formica ‘ant’.


word: FORMIDABLE
russian_word: грозный
example: a formidable opponent
definition: inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large, powerful, intense, or capable.
antonyms: pleasant-looking|comforting|easy|weak
origin: late Middle English: from French, or from Latin formidabilis, from formidare ‘to fear’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːmɪdəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmɪdəb(ə)l|fəˈmɪdəb(ə)l
synonyms:
intimidating|forbidding|redoubtable|daunting|alarming|frightening|terrifying|petrifying|horrifying|chilling|disturbing|disquieting|dreadful|brooding|awesome|fearsome|ominous|foreboding|sinister|menacing|mean-looking|threatening|dangerous|spooky|scary|creepy|direful|bodeful|onerous|arduous|taxing|difficult|hard|heavy|laborious|burdensome|strenuous|vigorous|back-breaking|stiff|uphill|relentless|Herculean|monumental|colossal|demanding|trying|tough|challenging|exacting|overwhelming|exhausting|wearying|fatiguing|tiring|punishing|gruelling|grinding|killing|no picnic|knackering|toilsome|exigent|capable|able|proficient|adept|adroit|accomplished|impressive|strong|powerful|mighty|terrific|tremendous|great|indomitable|invincible|seasoned|skilful|skilled|gifted|talented|masterly|virtuoso|expert|knowledgeable|qualified|trained|efficient|good|excellent|brilliant|outstanding|first-class|first-rate|mean|wicked|deadly|nifty|crack|ace|stellar|wizard|magic|crackerjack|badass|compleat|habile|shit-hot


word: FORMLESS
russian_word: бесформенный
example: a dark and formless idea
definition: without a clear or definite shape or structure.
antonyms: shaped|definite
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːmləs
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmləs
synonyms:
shapeless|amorphous|unformed|unshaped|nebulous|vague|hazy|misty|shadowy|ill-defined|indistinct|obscure|blurred|blurry|indefinite|indeterminate|structureless|unstructured|ill-organized


word: FORMULA
russian_word: формула
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːmjʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmjʊlə
example:
the formula for the capacitance of a spherical capacitor|a blend of fifteen whiskies compiled to a secret formula|the forlorn hope of finding a peace formula|polite formulas and stock phrases|formula two

definition:
a mathematical relationship or rule expressed in symbols.|a list of ingredients with which something is made.|a method or procedure for achieving something.|a set form of words, especially one used in particular contexts or as a conventional usage.|(usually followed by a numeral) a classification of racing car, especially by the engine capacity.

synonyms:
recipe|prescription|blueprint|plan|method|procedure|technique|system|rules|principles|precepts|modus operandi|mechanism|convention|ritual

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘fixed form of words’): from Latin, diminutive of forma ‘shape, mould’.


word: FORMULARY
russian_word: фармакологический справочник
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːmjʊləri
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmjʊləri
definition:
a collection of set forms, especially for use in religious ceremonies.|an official list giving details of prescribable medicines.

origin:
mid 16th century: the noun from French formulaire or medieval Latin formularius (liber) ‘(book) of formulae’, from Latin formula (see formula); the adjective (early 18th century) is directly from formula.


word: FORMULATE
russian_word: сформулировать
example: the government has formulated a policy on waste management
definition: create or prepare methodically.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɔːmjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːmjʊleɪt
synonyms:
draw up|put together|work out|map out|plan|prepare|get ready|compose|produce|construct|make|develop|contrive|hatch|devise|think up|conceive|create|frame|lay|invent|originate|coin|design|write out|write down|put in writing|put down (on paper)|draft

origin:
mid 19th century: from formula + -ate3, on the pattern of French formuler, from medieval Latin formulare .


word: FORMULATION
russian_word: формулировка
example: the formulation of foreign policy|post-shave formulations which keep skin soft
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːmjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: fɔːmjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of creating or preparing something.|a material or mixture prepared according to a formula.


word: FORNICATE
russian_word: блудить
definition: have sexual intercourse with someone one is not married to.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɔːnɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːnɪkeɪt
origin:
Middle English (as fornication ): from ecclesiastical Latin fornicat- ‘arched’, from fornicari, from Latin fornix, fornic- ‘vaulted chamber’, later ‘brothel’.


word: FORNICATION
russian_word: блуд
example: laws forbidding adultery and fornication
definition: sexual intercourse between people not married to each other.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfɔːnɪˈkeɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌfɔːnɪˈkeɪʃn
synonyms:
extramarital sex|extramarital relations|adultery|infidelity|unfaithfulness|cuckoldry|sex|sexual intercourse|intercourse|sexual relations|coupling|affair|liaison|hanky-panky|bonking|rumpy pumpy|a bit on the side|a bit of the other|how's your father|pata-pata|carnal knowledge|congress|commerce


word: FORSAKE
russian_word: оставлять
example: he would never forsake Tara
definition: abandon or leave.
antonyms: stay with|return to
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fəˈseɪk
phonetics_text: fəˈseɪk
synonyms:
abandon|desert|leave|quit|depart from|leave behind|leave high and dry|turn one's back on|cast aside|give up|reject|disown|break (up) with|jilt|strand|leave stranded|leave flat|leave in the lurch|throw over|cast aside/off|betray|run/walk out on|rat on|drop|dump|ditch|chuck|give someone the push|give someone the elbow|give someone the big E|bin off|give someone the air|abandoned|deserted|jilted|stranded|discarded|shunned|renounced|betrayed|rejected|disowned|dropped|dumped|ditched|desolate|bleak|godforsaken|remote|isolated|sequestered|lonely|solitary|derelict|dreary|forlorn|uninviting|cheerless|depressing|sad

origin:
Old English forsacan  ‘renounce, refuse’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch verzaken, and ultimately to for- and sake1.


word: FOR SURE
russian_word: точно
example: I can't say for sure what Giles really wanted
definition: without doubt.
synonyms:
definitely|surely|certainly|without doubt|without question|beyond any doubt|undoubtedly|indubitably|positively|absolutely|undeniably|unmistakably


word: FORSWEAR
russian_word: зарекаться
definition: agree to give up or do without.|commit perjury; swear falsely.
antonyms: adhere to|persist with
origin: Old English forswerian (see for-, swear).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fɔːˈswɛː
phonetics_text: fɔːˈswɛː|fəˈswɛː
example:
the country has not forsworn nuclear weapons|I swore that I would lead us safely home and I do not mean to be forsworn

synonyms:
renounce|swear off|forgo|abjure|reject|relinquish|abstain from|refrain from|shun|avoid|eschew|do without|go without|steer clear of|give a wide berth to|have nothing to do with|decline|refuse|repudiate|spurn|give up|dispense with|stop|cease|finish|discontinue|break off|drop|cut out|kick|quit|jack in


word: FORSYTHIA
russian_word: форзиция
definition: an ornamental Eurasian shrub whose bright yellow flowers appear in early spring before the leaves.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːˈsʌɪθɪə
phonetics_text: fɔːˈsʌɪθɪə|fəˈsʌɪθɪə
origin:
modern Latin, named after William Forsyth (1737–1804), Scottish botanist and horticulturalist, said to have introduced the shrub into Britain from China.


word: FORT
russian_word: форт
example: the city was guarded by a ring of forts
definition: a fortified building or strategic position.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French fort or Italian forte, from Latin fortis ‘strong’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fɔːt
phonetics_text: fɔːt
synonyms:
fortress|castle|citadel|blockhouse|burg|keep|tower|donjon|turret|stronghold|redoubt|fortification|bastion|fastness|alcazar|hold|fortalice


word: FORTE
russian_word: форте
example: small talk was not his forte
definition: a thing at which someone excels.|the part of a sword blade from the hilt to the middle.
antonyms: weakness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːteɪ
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːteɪ|ˈfɔːti|fɔːt
synonyms:
strength|strong point|speciality|long suit|strong suit|talent|special ability|skill|bent|gift|claim to fame|department|métier|pièce de résistance|bag|thing|cup of tea

origin:
mid 17th century (in forte1 (sense 2); originally as fort ): from French fort (masculine), forte (feminine) ‘strong’, from Latin fortis .


word: FORTH
russian_word: вперед
example: we rose at dawn and sallied forth|from that day forth he gave me endless friendship
definition: out and away from a starting point.|onwards in time.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: fɔːθ
phonetics_text: fɔːθ
synonyms:
out|outside|away|off|ahead|forward|away from home|abroad|into view|into the open|out of hiding|into existence

origin:
Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch voort and German fort, from an Indo-European root shared by fore-.


word: FORTHCOMING
russian_word: предстоящий
example: the forthcoming cricket season|financial support was not forthcoming
definition: about to happen or appear.|ready or made available when wanted or needed.
antonyms: past|current
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ
phonetics_text: fɔːθˈkʌmɪŋ
synonyms:
imminent|impending|coming|approaching|advancing|nearing|near|future|expected|anticipated|prospective|close|(close) at hand|in store|in the wind|in the air|in the offing|in the pipeline|on the horizon|on the way|on us|about to happen|on the cards


word: FOR THE MOST PART
russian_word: большей частью
example: the older members, for the most part, shun him
definition: in most cases; usually.
synonyms:
mostly|mainly|in the main|on the whole|largely|by and large|to a large extent|to a great degree|predominantly|chiefly|principally|basically|substantially|overall|in general|effectively|to all intents and purposes|especially|primarily|generally|usually|typically|commonly|as a rule|altogether|all in all|on balance|on average


word: FOR THE PRESENT
russian_word: пока
example: they were safe enough for the present
definition: for now; temporarily.
synonyms:
for the time being|for now|for the moment|for a while|in the meanwhile|in the meantime|provisionally|temporarily|pro tem|for the nonce


word: FOR THE TIME BEING
russian_word: пока
definition: for the present; until some other arrangement is made.
antonyms: permanently
synonyms:
for now|for the moment|for the present|in the interim|for the nonce|in/for the meantime|in the meanwhile|for a short time|for a short/little while|briefly|momentarily|fleetingly|temporarily|provisionally|pro tem|for the minute|pro tempore|ad interim|en attendant


word: FORTHRIGHT
russian_word: прямой
example: his most forthright attack yet on the reforms
definition: (of a person or their manner or speech) direct and outspoken.|proceeding directly forwards.
antonyms: secretive|dishonest
origin: Old English forthriht ‘straight forward, directly’ (see forth, right).
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈfɔːθrʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːθrʌɪt|fɔːθˈrʌɪt
synonyms:
frank|direct|straightforward|honest|candid|open|sincere|straight|straight to the point|blunt|plain-spoken|outspoken|downright|uninhibited|unreserved|point blank|no-nonsense|matter-of-fact|bluff|undiplomatic|tactless|not beating around the bush|speaking as one finds|explicit|clear|plain|unequivocal|unambiguous|unqualified|categorical|straight from the shoulder|upfront


word: FORTHWITH
russian_word: немедленно
example: we undertake to pay forthwith the money required
definition: (especially in official use) immediately; without delay.
antonyms: sometime
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: fɔːθˈwɪθ
phonetics_text: fɔːθˈwɪθ|fɔːθˈwɪð
synonyms:
immediately|at once|instantly|directly|right away|straight away|now|this/that (very) minute|this/that instant|then and there|there and then|here and now|in/like a flash|instantaneously|by return|post-haste|without delay|without further/more ado|without hesitation|unhesitatingly|quickly|as quickly as possible|fast|speedily|with all speed|promptly|as soon as possible|ASAP|expeditiously|momentarily|in short order|tout de suite|straight off|toot sweet|pronto|double quick|p.d.q. (pretty damn quick)|in double quick time|at warp speed|ekdam|straightway|instanter|forthright

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘along with, at the same time’): partly from earlier forthwithal, partly representing forth with used alone without a following noun.


word: FORTIETH
russian_word: сороковой
example: our fortieth wedding anniversary|a pension of one fortieth of their final salary
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ˈfɔːtɪəθ
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtɪəθ
definition:
constituting number forty in a sequence; 40th.|each of forty equal parts into which something is or may be divided.


word: FORTIFICATION
russian_word: укрепление
example: the building and maintenance of fortifications
definition: a defensive wall or other reinforcement built to strengthen a place against attack.
origin: late Middle English: via French from late Latin fortificatio(n- ), from fortificare (see fortify).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfɔːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌfɔːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
rampart|defensive wall|defences|bulwark|palisade|stockade|redoubt|earthwork|outwork|bastion|parapet|battlement|blockhouse|barricade|buttress|stronghold|fieldwork|ravelin|fortalice


word: FORTIFIED
russian_word: укрепленный
example: a fortified manor house|many fortified wines are sweet|fortified breakfast cereals
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːtɪfʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtɪfʌɪd
definition:
(of a place) provided with defensive works as protection against attack.|denoting wine of a type to which spirits have been added so as to produce port, sherry, or a similar drink.|(of food) having had vitamins or other supplements added so as to increase the nutritional value.


word: FORTIFY
russian_word: укреплять
antonyms: weaken
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɔːtɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtɪfʌɪ
example:
the enclave has been heavily fortified in recent years|the wine is aged in oak barrels and fortified with French brandy

definition:
provide (a place) with defensive works as protection against attack.|add spirits to (wine) to make port, sherry, or a similar drink.

synonyms:
build defences round|secure|protect|surround|embattle|rampart|mound|strengthen|reinforce|toughen|consolidate|bolster|shore up|brace|buttress|stiffen|support|hold up

origin:
late Middle English: from French fortifier, from late Latin fortificare, from Latin fortis ‘strong’.


word: FORTITUDE
russian_word: стойкость
example: she endured her illness with great fortitude
definition: courage in pain or adversity.
antonyms: faint-heartedness
origin: Middle English: via French from Latin fortitudo, from fortis ‘strong’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtɪtjuːd
synonyms:
courage|bravery|strength of mind|strength of character|moral strength|toughness of spirit|firmness of purpose|strong-mindedness|resilience|backbone|spine|mettle|spirit|nerve|pluck|pluckiness|doughtiness|fearlessness|valour|intrepidity|stout-heartedness|endurance|stoicism|steadfastness|patience|long-suffering|forbearance|tenacity|pertinacity|perseverance|resolve|resolution|resoluteness|determination|Dunkirk spirit|guts|grit|spunk


word: FORTRESS
russian_word: крепость
definition: a military stronghold, especially a strongly fortified town.
origin: Middle English: from Old French forteresse ‘strong place’, based on Latin fortis ‘strong’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːtrɪs
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtrɪs
synonyms:
fort|castle|citadel|blockhouse|burg|keep|tower|donjon|turret|bunker|stronghold|redoubt|fortification|bastion|fastness|alcazar|hold|fortalice


word: FORTUITOUS
russian_word: случайный
example: the similarity between the paintings may not be simply fortuitous
definition: happening by chance rather than intention.
antonyms: predictable
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin fortuitus, from forte ‘by chance’, from fors ‘chance, luck’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fɔːˈtjuːɪtəs
phonetics_text: fɔːˈtjuːɪtəs
synonyms:
chance|unexpected|unanticipated|unpredictable|unforeseen|unlooked-for|serendipitous|casual|incidental|coincidental|haphazard|random|accidental|inadvertent|unintentional|unintended|unplanned|unpremeditated


word: FORTUNATE
russian_word: удачливый
example: she'd been fortunate to escape serious injury
definition: favoured by or involving good luck; lucky.
antonyms: unfortunate
origin: late Middle English: from Latin fortunatus, from fortuna (see fortune).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɔːtʃ(ə)nət
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtʃ(ə)nət
synonyms:
lucky|favoured|blessed|blessed with good luck|in luck|born under a lucky star|having a charmed life|charmed|happy|sitting pretty|jammy


word: FORTUNATELY
russian_word: к счастью
example: fortunately, no shots were fired and no one was hurt
definition: it is fortunate that.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfɔːtʃ(ə)nətli
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtʃ(ə)nətli
synonyms:
luckily|happily|providentially|opportunely|by good luck|by good fortune|as luck would have it|propitiously|mercifully|thankfully|thank goodness|thank God|thank heavens|thank the stars


word: FORTUNE
russian_word: состояние
example: some malicious act of fortune keeps them separate|he inherited a substantial fortune
definition: chance or luck as an arbitrary force affecting human affairs.|a large amount of money or assets.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːtʃuːn
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːtʃuːn|ˈfɔːtʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
chance|accident|coincidence|serendipity|twist of fate|destiny|fortuity|providence|freak|hazard|fate|Lady Luck|Dame Fortune|happenstance

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin Fortuna, the name of a goddess personifying luck or chance.


word: FORTY
russian_word: сорок
example: York was only forty miles away
origin: Old English fēowertig (see four, -ty2).
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ˈfɔːti
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːti
definition:
the number equivalent to the product of four and ten; ten less than fifty; 40.|the central North Sea between Scotland and southern Norway, so called from its prevailing depth of forty fathoms or more.


word: FORUM
russian_word: форум
example: we hope these pages act as a forum for debate
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːrəm
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːrəm
definition:
a meeting or medium where ideas and views on a particular issue can be exchanged.|a court or tribunal.|(in an ancient Roman city) a public square or marketplace used for judicial and other business.

synonyms:
meeting|assembly|gathering|conference|seminar|convention|colloquy|convocation|congress|rally|council|symposium|conclave|congregation|synod|diet|caucus|get-together|colloquium|setting|place|scene|context|stage|framework|backdrop|medium|means|agency|channel|avenue|vehicle|mechanism|apparatus|auspices

origin:
late Middle English (in forum (sense 3)): from Latin, literally ‘what is out of doors’, originally denoting an enclosure surrounding a house; related to fores ‘(outside) door’. forum (sense 1) dates from the mid 18th century.


word: FORWARD
russian_word: вперед
antonyms: backward
synonyms: ahead|forwards|onwards|onward|on|further
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfɔːwəd
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːwəd
example:
he started up the engine and the car moved forward|the signing of the treaty is a big step forward|looking forward, earnings are expected to hit £7.2 billion

definition:
in the direction that one is facing or travelling; towards the front.|onward so as to make progress.|towards the future; ahead in time.

origin:
Old English forweard (in the sense ‘towards the future’, as in from this day forward ), variant of forthweard (see forth, -ward).


word: FORWARD-LOOKING
russian_word: прогрессивный
example: a forward-looking company
definition: favouring innovation and development; progressive.
antonyms: backward-looking
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌfɔːwədˈlʊkɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˌfɔːwədˈlʊkɪŋ
synonyms:
progressive|enlightened|go-ahead|dynamic|pushing|bold|modern|enterprising|ambitious|pioneering|progressivist|positive|reforming|radical|liberal|go-getting


word: FORWARDNESS
russian_word: развязность
example: I hope that my forwardness hasn't offended you
definition: boldness or overfamiliarity in manner.
antonyms: shyness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔːwədnəs
phonetics_text: ˈfɔːwədnəs
synonyms:
boldness|brashness|brazenness|barefacedness|shamelessness|immodesty|audacity|effrontery|daring|presumption|familiarity|overfamiliarity|irreverence|over-assertiveness|overconfidence|overweening nature|aggressiveness|aggression|pertness|impudence|impertinence|cheek|insolence|neck|brass neck|face|cockiness|freshness


word: FOSSICK
russian_word: шарить
example: he spent years fossicking through documents
definition: rummage; search.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɒsɪk
phonetics_text: ˈfɒsɪk
origin:
mid 19th century (referring to mining): probably from the English dialect sense ‘obtain by asking’ (i.e. ‘ferret out’).


word: FOSSIL
russian_word: ископаемое
example: sites rich in fossils
synonyms: petrified remains|petrified impression|cast|impression|mould|remnant|relic|reliquiae
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒs(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfɒs(ə)l|ˈfɒsɪl
definition:
the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified form.

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a fossilized fish found, and believed to have lived, underground): from French fossile, from Latin fossilis ‘dug up’, from fodere ‘dig’.


word: FOSSILIZE
russian_word: закоснеть
example: the hard parts of the body are readily fossilized
definition: preserve (an animal or plant) so that it becomes a fossil.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɒs(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈfɒs(ə)lʌɪz|ˈfɒsɪlʌɪz
synonyms:
petrified|ossified|lapidified|archaic|antiquated|antediluvian|old-fashioned|quaint|outdated|outmoded|behind the times|anachronistic|stuck in time|prehistoric|antwacky


word: FOSSORIAL
russian_word: роющий
definition: (of an animal) burrowing.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fɒˈsɔːrɪəl
phonetics_text: fɒˈsɔːrɪəl
origin:
mid 19th century: from medieval Latin fossorius (from Latin fossor ‘digger’, from fodere ‘to dig’) + -al.


word: FOSTER
russian_word: способствовать
example: the teacher's task is to foster learning|a person who would foster Holly was found
antonyms: neglect|suppress|destroy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfɒstə
phonetics_text: ˈfɒstə
definition:
encourage the development of (something, especially something desirable).|bring up (a child that is not one's own by birth).

synonyms:
encourage|promote|further|stimulate|advance|forward|cultivate|nurture|strengthen|enrich|help|aid|abet|assist|contribute to|support|endorse|champion|speak for|proselytize|sponsor|espouse|uphold|back|boost|give backing to|facilitate

origin:
Old English fōstrian  ‘feed, nourish’, from fōster ‘food, nourishment’, of Germanic origin; related to food. The sense ‘bring up another's (originally also one's own) child’ dates from Middle English. See also foster-.


word: FOUL
russian_word: фол
example: a foul odour|murder most foul|foul, swampy water|he walked in fair and foul weather
antonyms: fragrant
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|adverb|verb
phonetic: faʊl
phonetics_text: faʊl
definition:
offensive to the senses, especially through having a disgusting smell or taste or being dirty.|wicked or immoral.|containing or full of noxious matter; polluted.|(of the weather) wet and stormy.

synonyms:
disgusting|revolting|repellent|repulsive|repugnant|abhorrent|loathsome|offensive|detestable|awful|dreadful|horrible|terrible|horrendous|hideous|appalling|atrocious|vile|abominable|frightful|sickening|nauseating|nauseous|stomach-churning|stomach-turning|off-putting|uninviting|unpalatable|unappetizing|unsavoury|distasteful|nasty|obnoxious|objectionable|odious|noxious|evil-smelling|foul-smelling|smelly|stinking|high|rank|rancid|fetid|malodorous|vomitous|ghastly|horrid|gruesome|godawful|gross|diabolical|putrid|yucky|icky|grotty|sick-making|gut-churning|beastly|whiffy|pongy|niffy|lousy|skanky|funky|on the nose|noisome|mephitic|disgustful|loathly|miasmic|miasmal|olid|dirty|filthy|mucky|grimy|grubby|stained|dirt-encrusted|muddy|muddied|unclean|unwashed|squalid|sordid|shabby|sleazy|soiled|sullied|scummy|rotten|defiled|decaying|putrefied|cruddy|manky|gungy|befouled|besmirched|begrimed|feculent

origin:
Old English fūl, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse fúll ‘foul’, Dutch vuil ‘dirty’, and German faul ‘rotten, lazy’, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin pus, Greek puos ‘pus’, and Latin putere ‘to stink’.


word: FOUL-MOUTHED
russian_word: сквернословящий
example: a foul-mouthed cop
definition: using or characterized by a great deal of bad language.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌfaʊlˈmaʊθd
phonetics_text: ˌfaʊlˈmaʊθd
synonyms:
vulgar|crude|coarse|obscene|rude|smutty|dirty|filthy|indecent|indelicate|offensive|distasteful|obnoxious|risqué|suggestive|racy|earthy|off colour|colourful|ribald|Rabelaisian|bawdy|lewd|salacious|vile|depraved|sordid|X-rated|scatological|profane|foul|blasphemous|abusive|scurrilous|blue


word: FOUL PLAY
russian_word: предательство
part_of_speech: noun
example:
the referee sent off two players for foul play|the man appeared to have died as a result of a fall, and foul play was not suspected

definition:
unfair play in a game or sport.|criminal or violent behaviour, in particular when resulting in another's death.

synonyms:
criminal activity|crime|a criminal offence|villainy|murder|criminal violence|criminality|dirty deeds


word: FOUNDATION
russian_word: фундамент
antonyms: dissolution|liquidation
synonyms: footing|foot|base|substructure|understructure|underpinning|bottom|bedrock|substratum
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: faʊnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: faʊnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
foundations were being dug for a block of flats|this idea is the foundation of all modern economics|the foundation of a civil service college

definition:
the lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level.|an underlying basis or principle.|the action of establishing an institution or organization.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French fondation, from Latin fundatio(n- ), from fundare ‘to lay a base for’ (see found2).


word: FOUNDRESS
russian_word: основательница
example: she was the sixth-century foundress of a community of women
definition: a female founder, especially a fertile female animal that founds a colony.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfaʊndrəs
phonetics_text: ˈfaʊndrəs
synonyms:
originator|creator|initiator|institutor|instigator|organizer|mother|prime mover|architect|engineer|designer|deviser|developer|pioneer|author|authoress|planner|framer|inventor|mastermind|maker|producer|builder|constructor|begetter|establisher


word: FOUNDRY
russian_word: литейная
definition: a workshop or factory for casting metal.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfaʊndri
phonetics_text: ˈfaʊndri
origin:
early 17th century (earlier as foundery ): from found3 + -ry, perhaps suggested by French fonderie .


word: FOUNTAIN
russian_word: фонтан
synonyms: jet|spray|spout|spurt|well|fount|cascade
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfaʊntɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfaʊntɪn
definition:
an ornamental structure in a pool or lake from which one or more jets of water are pumped into the air.|a natural spring of water.|a roundel barry wavy argent and azure (i.e. a circle with wavy horizontal stripes of white and blue).

origin:
Middle English (in fountain (sense 2 of the noun)): from Old French fontaine, from late Latin fontana, feminine of Latin fontanus, adjective from fons, font- ‘a spring’.


word: FOUR
russian_word: четыре
example: Francesca's got four brothers
definition: equivalent to the product of two and two; one more than three, or six less than ten; 4.
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: fɔː
phonetics_text: fɔː
origin:
Old English fēower, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch and German vier, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin quattuor and Greek tessares .


word: FOURTEENTH
russian_word: четырнадцатый
example: the early fourteenth century|three fourteenths of $79.5 million
part_of_speech: number
phonetic: ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ
phonetics_text: ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ
definition:
constituting number fourteen in a sequence; 14th.|each of fourteen equal parts into which something is or may be divided.


word: FOVEA
russian_word: ямка
origin: late 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘small pit’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəʊvɪə
phonetics_text: ˈfəʊvɪə
definition:
a small depression in the retina of the eye where visual acuity is highest. The centre of the field of vision is focused in this region, where retinal cones are particularly concentrated.


word: FOWL
russian_word: дичь
example: an abundance of game, fowl, and fish
synonyms: poultry|domestic fowl
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: faʊl
phonetics_text: faʊl
definition:
a bird of the order Galliformes that is kept for its eggs and flesh; a domestic cock or hen.|birds collectively, especially as the quarry of hunters.

origin:
Old English fugol  ‘bird’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vogel and German Vogel, also to fly1.


word: FOX
russian_word: лиса
example: a wily old fox
synonyms: Reynard
origin: Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vos and German Fuchs .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fɒks
phonetics_text: fɒks
definition:
a carnivorous mammal of the dog family with a pointed muzzle and bushy tail, proverbial for its cunning.|a cunning or sly person.|a sexually attractive woman.


word: FOXGLOVE
russian_word: наперстянка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒksɡlʌv
phonetics_text: ˈfɒksɡlʌv
definition:
a tall Eurasian plant with erect spikes of pinkish-purple (or white) flowers shaped like the fingers of gloves. It is a source of the drug digitalis.


word: FOXHOLE
russian_word: лисья нора
origin: Old English: from fox + hole; the military sense arose during the First World War.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒkshəʊl
phonetics_text: ˈfɒkshəʊl
definition:
the earth or burrow of a fox.|a hole in the ground used by troops as a shelter against enemy fire or as a firing point.


word: FOXHOUND
russian_word: английская гончая
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɒkshaʊnd
phonetics_text: ˈfɒkshaʊnd
definition:
a dog of a smooth-haired breed with drooping ears, often trained to hunt foxes in packs over long distances.


word: FOXTROT
russian_word: фокстрот
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfɒkstrɒt
phonetics_text: ˈfɒkstrɒt
definition:
a ballroom dance having an uneven rhythm with alternation of slow and quick steps.|a code word representing the letter F, used in radio communication.


word: FOXY
russian_word: хитрый
example: a terrier with prick ears and a foxy expression|a foxy lady
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfɒksi
phonetics_text: ˈfɒksi
definition:
resembling or likened to a fox.|sexually attractive (typically used of a woman).|(of wine) having a musky flavour.


word: FOYER
russian_word: фойе
example: the foyer of the concert hall
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfɔɪeɪ
phonetics_text: ˈfɔɪeɪ
definition:
an entrance hall or other open area in a building used by the public, especially a hotel or theatre.

synonyms:
entrance hall|hall|hallway|entrance|entry|porch|portico|reception area|atrium|concourse|lobby|vestibule|anteroom|antechamber|outer room|waiting room|entryway

origin:
late 18th century (denoting the centre of attention or activity): from French, ‘hearth, home’, based on Latin focus ‘domestic hearth’.


word: FRACAS
russian_word: скандал
example: the fracas was broken up by stewards
definition: a noisy disturbance or quarrel.
origin: early 18th century: French, from fracasser, from Italian fracassare ‘make an uproar’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrakɑː
phonetics_text: ˈfrakɑː
synonyms:
disturbance|quarrel|scuffle|brawl|affray|tussle|melee|free-for-all|fight|clash|skirmish|brouhaha|riot|uproar|commotion|argument|altercation|angry exchange|war of words|shouting match|tiff|dispute|disagreement|row|wrangle|squabble|rumpus|stooshie|donnybrook|bangarang|falling-out|set-to|run-in|shindig|shindy|dust-up|punch-up|scrap|spat|ruckus|argy-bargy|ruction|fisticuffs|barney|bunfight|ding-dong|bust-up|ruck|slanging match|afters|rammy|rhubarb|broil|miff


word: FRACTAL
russian_word: фрактальный
origin: 1970s: from French, from Latin fract- ‘broken’, from the verb frangere .
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfrakt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfrakt(ə)l
definition:
a curve or geometrical figure, each part of which has the same statistical character as the whole. They are useful in modelling structures (such as snowflakes) in which similar patterns recur at progressively smaller scales, and in describing partly random or chaotic phenomena such as crystal growth and galaxy formation.


word: FRACTION
russian_word: доля
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrakʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfrakʃ(ə)n
example:
he hesitated for a fraction of a second|the third fraction contain alcohols with boiling points of 120–130°C|the Fraction may be accompanied by the Agnus Dei

definition:
a numerical quantity that is not a whole number (e.g. 1/2, 0.5).|a small or tiny part, amount, or proportion of something.|each of the portions into which a mixture may be separated according to a physical property such as boiling point or solubility.|(in the Christian Church) the breaking of the Eucharistic bread.

synonyms:
tiny part|small part|fragment|snippet|snatch|smattering|selection|tiny amount|little|bit|touch|hint|soupçon|trifle|mite|scrap|dash|spot|modicum|shade|jot|smidgen|smidge|tad

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from ecclesiastical Latin fractio(n-) ‘breaking (bread)’, from Latin frangere ‘to break’.


word: FRACTIONAL
russian_word: дробный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrakʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfrakʃ(ə)n(ə)l
example:
the fractional variance in mass density per unit|there was a fractional hesitation before he said yes|fractional crystallization

definition:
relating to or expressed as a fraction, especially a fraction less than one.|small or tiny in amount.|relating to or denoting the separation of a mixture into fractions.


word: FRACTIOUS
russian_word: капризный
example: they fight and squabble like fractious children
definition: (typically of children) irritable and quarrelsome.
antonyms: contented|affable
origin: late 17th century: from fraction, probably on the pattern of the pair faction, factious .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrakʃəs
phonetics_text: ˈfrakʃəs
synonyms:
grumpy|grouchy|crotchety|in a (bad) mood|cantankerous|bad-tempered|ill-tempered|ill-natured|ill-humoured|peevish|cross|disagreeable|pettish|irritable|irascible|tetchy|testy|curmudgeonly|crabbed|crabby|waspish|prickly|peppery|touchy|scratchy|crusty|splenetic|shrewish|short-tempered|hot-tempered|quick-tempered|dyspeptic|choleric|bilious|liverish|cross-grained|as cross as two sticks|snappish|snappy|chippy|on a short fuse|short-fused|shirty|stroppy|narky|ratty|eggy|like a bear with a sore head|cranky|ornery|peckish|soreheaded|snaky|waxy|miffy


word: FRACTURE
russian_word: перелом
example: ground movements could cause fracture of the pipe
origin: late Middle English: from French, or from Latin fractura, from frangere ‘to break’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfraktʃə
phonetics_text: ˈfraktʃə
definition:
the cracking or breaking of a hard object or material.|the replacement of a simple vowel by a diphthong owing to the influence of a following sound, typically a consonant.

synonyms:
breaking|breakage|cracking|cleavage|rupture|shattering|fragmentation|splintering|splitting|separation|bursting|disintegration


word: FRAGILE
russian_word: хрупкий
example: fragile items such as glass and china
definition: (of an object) easily broken or damaged.
antonyms: robust
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfradʒʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈfradʒʌɪl
synonyms:
breakable|easily broken|brittle|frangible|smashable|splintery|flimsy|weak|frail|insubstantial|delicate|dainty|fine|eggshell

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘morally weak’): from Latin fragilis, from frangere ‘to break’. The sense ‘liable to break’ dates from the mid 16th century.


word: FRAGILITY
russian_word: хрупкость
example: osteoporosis is characterized by bone fragility
definition: the quality of being easily broken or damaged.
antonyms: robustness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frəˈdʒɪlɪti
phonetics_text: frəˈdʒɪlɪti
synonyms:
frailty|flimsiness|weakness|delicacy|daintiness|fineness|brittleness|frangibility|tenuousness|vulnerability|shakiness|rockiness|riskiness|unreliability|nebulosity|unsoundness|insecurity|iffiness|dodginess


word: FRAGMENT
russian_word: фрагмент
example: small fragments of pottery
definition: a small part broken off or separated from something.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: late Middle English: from French, or from Latin fragmentum, from frangere ‘to break’.
synonyms:
piece|bit|particle|speck|chip|shard|sliver|splinter|shaving|paring|snippet|scrap|offcut|flake|shred|tatter|wisp|morsel|shiver|spillikin|smithereens|skelf|spall


word: FRAGMENTARY
russian_word: фрагментарный
example: excavations have revealed fragmentary remains of masonry
definition: consisting of small disconnected or incomplete parts.
antonyms: extensive|complete
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfraɡm(ə)nt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈfraɡm(ə)nt(ə)ri
synonyms:
incomplete|fragmental|fragmented|disconnected|disjointed|broken|discontinuous|piecemeal|in pieces|incoherent|inconsistent|scrappy|bitty|sketchy|uneven|patchy|deficient|untidy|unsystematic|jumbled|inconclusive


word: FRAGRANT
russian_word: ароматный
example: she gathered the fragrant blooms
definition: having a pleasant or sweet smell.
antonyms: smelly
synonyms: sweet-scented|sweet-smelling|scented|perfumed|aromatic|sweet|redolent|fragranced|aromatized|perfumy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfreɪɡr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈfreɪɡr(ə)nt
origin:
late Middle English: from French, or from Latin fragrant- ‘smelling sweet’, from the verb fragrare .


word: FRAIL
russian_word: хилый
example: his small, frail body
definition: (of a person) weak and delicate.
antonyms: strong|fit
origin: Middle English: from Old French fraile, from Latin fragilis (see fragile).
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: freɪl
phonetics_text: freɪl
synonyms:
infirm|weak|weakened|feeble|enfeebled|debilitated|incapacitated|wasted|delicate|slight|slender|puny|ill|ailing|unwell|sickly|poorly|in poor health|decrepit|doddering|tottering|shaky|weedy


word: FRAILTY
russian_word: бренность
example: the increasing frailty of old age
definition: the condition of being weak and delicate.
antonyms: strength|healthiness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfreɪlti
phonetics_text: ˈfreɪlti
synonyms:
infirmity|infirmness|weakness|weakliness|feebleness|enfeeblement|debility|incapacity|impairment|indisposition|fragility|delicacy|slightness|puniness|illness|sickness|sickliness|ill health|decrepitude|dodderiness|shakiness|weediness

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘weakness in morals’): from Old French frailete, from Latin fragilitas, from fragilis (see fragile).


word: FRAME
russian_word: рамка
synonyms: setting|mount|mounting|surround|fixture|support|stand
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: freɪm
phonetics_text: freɪm
example:
a shiver shook her slim frame|the establishment of conditions provides a frame for interpretation|video footage slowed down to 20 frames a second

definition:
a rigid structure that surrounds something such as a picture, door, or windowpane.|a person's body with reference to its size or build.|a basic structure that underlies or supports a system, concept, or text.|a structural environment within which a class of words or other linguistic units can be correctly used. For example I — him is a frame for a large class of transitive verbs.|a single complete picture in a series forming a cinema, television, or video film.|the triangular structure for positioning the red balls in snooker.

origin:
Old English framian  ‘be useful’, of Germanic origin and related to from. The general sense in Middle English, ‘make ready for use’, probably led to frame (sense 2 of the verb); it also gave rise to the specific meaning ‘prepare timber for use in building’, later ‘make the wooden parts (framework) of a building’, hence the noun sense ‘structure’ (late Middle English).


word: FRAMED
russian_word: обрамленный
example: a framed photograph of her father|a traditional oak-framed house
part_of_speech: adjective
definition:
(of a picture, photograph, etc.) held in a frame.|(of a building) having a frame of a specified material.


word: FRAMER
russian_word: фреймер
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfreɪmə
phonetics_text: ˈfreɪmə
example:
objections will be made if the framer of the law can be absolutely proved to have meant one thing|in a frame shop or gallery framers work normal shop hours

definition:
a person who shapes or creates a concept, plan, or system.|a person who makes frames for paintings or photographs.


word: FRAME-UP
russian_word: тайный сговор
example: he is convinced that the job was a frame-up, and intends to prove it
definition: a conspiracy to incriminate someone falsely.
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
conspiracy|plot|scheme|collusion|trick|trap|deception|entrapment|false charge|trumped-up charge|put-up job|fit-up|set-up


word: FRANC
russian_word: франк
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fraŋk
phonetics_text: fraŋk
definition:
the basic monetary unit of France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg, and several other countries, equal to 100 centimes (replaced in France, Belgium, and Luxembourg by the euro in 2002).

origin:
from Old French, from Latin Francorum Rex ‘king of the Franks’, the legend on gold coins struck in the 14th century in the reign of Jean le Bon.


word: FRANCHISE
russian_word: франшиза
example: Toyota granted the group a franchise|the franchise was limited to Estonian citizens
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfran(t)ʃʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈfran(t)ʃʌɪz
definition:
an authorization granted by a government or company to an individual or group enabling them to carry out specified commercial activities, for example acting as an agent for a company's products.|the right to vote in public elections.

synonyms:
warrant|charter|licence|permit|authorization|permission|sanction|concession|privilege|prerogative|seal of approval

origin:
Middle English (denoting a grant of legal immunity): from Old French, based on franc, franche ‘free’ (see frank1). franchise (sense 2 of the noun) dates from the late 18th century and franchise (sense 1 of the noun) from the 20th century.


word: FRANCHISEE
russian_word: франчайзи
example: he had a string of regional offices operated by franchisees
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfran(t)ʃʌɪˈziː
phonetics_text: ˌfran(t)ʃʌɪˈziː
definition:
an individual or company that holds a franchise for the sale of goods or the operation of a service.


word: FRANCHISER
russian_word: франчайзинговая компания
example: franchisees are alerted to the possibility that their franchiser might terminate their agreement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfran(t)ʃʌɪzə
phonetics_text: ˈfran(t)ʃʌɪzə
definition:
an individual or company that sells or grants a franchise for the sale of goods or the operation of a service.


word: FRANCISCAN
russian_word: францисканец
origin: from French franciscain, from modern Latin Franciscanus, from Franciscus ‘Francis’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: franˈsɪsk(ə)n
phonetics_text: franˈsɪsk(ə)n
definition:
a friar, sister, or lay member of a Christian religious order founded in 1209 by St Francis of Assisi or based on its rule, and noted for its preachers and missionaries.


word: FRANCIUM
russian_word: франций
origin: 1940s: from France (the discoverer's native country) + -ium.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfransɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈfransɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 87, a radioactive member of the alkali metal group. Francium occurs naturally as a decay product in uranium and thorium ores.


word: FRANCOLIN
russian_word: турач
origin: mid 17th century: from French, from Italian francolino, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfraŋkə(ʊ)lɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfraŋkə(ʊ)lɪn
definition:
a large game bird resembling a partridge, with bare skin on the head or neck, found in Africa and southern Asia.


word: FRANGIBLE
russian_word: хрупкий
example: the frangible skull of an infant
definition: able to be broken into fragments; brittle or fragile.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfran(d)ʒɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfran(d)ʒɪb(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from medieval Latin frangibilis, from Latin frangere ‘to break’.


word: FRANGIPANI
russian_word: красный жасмин
definition: a tropical American tree or shrub with clusters of fragrant white, pink, or yellow flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfran(d)ʒɪˈpɑːni
phonetics_text: ˌfran(d)ʒɪˈpɑːni
origin:
mid 19th century: named after the Marquis Muzio Frangipani, a 16th-century Italian nobleman who invented a perfume for scenting gloves.


word: FRANGLAIS
russian_word: смесь французского и английского языков
origin: 1960s: coined in French, from a blend of français ‘French’ and anglais ‘English’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɒ̃ɡleɪ
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒ̃ɡleɪ
definition:
a blend of French and English, either French speech that makes excessive use of English expressions, or unidiomatic French spoken by an English person.


word: FRANK
russian_word: откровенный
example: a long and frank discussion
definition: open, honest, and direct in speech or writing, especially when dealing with unpalatable matters.
antonyms: secretive|dishonest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fraŋk
phonetics_text: fraŋk
synonyms:
candid|direct|forthright|plain|plain-spoken|straight|straightforward|straight from the shoulder|explicit|unequivocal|unambiguous|unvarnished|bald|to the point|no-nonsense|matter-of-fact|open|honest|truthful|sincere|guileless|artless|outspoken|bluff|blunt|brutal|unsparing|upfront|warts and all|on the level|on the up and up|round|free-spoken

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘free’): from Old French franc, from medieval Latin francus ‘free’, from Francus (see Frank: only Franks had full freedom in Frankish Gaul). Another Middle English sense was ‘generous’, which led to the current sense.


word: FRANKINCENSE
russian_word: ладан
definition: an aromatic gum resin obtained from an African tree and burnt as incense.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfraŋkɪnsɛns
phonetics_text: ˈfraŋkɪnsɛns
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French franc encens, literally ‘high-quality incense’, from franc (see frank1) in an obsolete sense ‘superior, of high quality’ (which also existed in English) + encens ‘incense’.


word: FRANKLIN
russian_word: Франклин
definition: a landowner of free but not noble birth in the 14th and 15th centuries in England.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfraŋklɪn
phonetics_text: ˈfraŋklɪn
origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Latin francalanus, from francalis ‘held without dues’, from francus ‘free’ (see frank1).


word: FRANKLY
russian_word: откровенно
example: she talks very frankly about herself
definition: in an open, honest, and direct manner.
antonyms: evasively
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfraŋkli
phonetics_text: ˈfraŋkli
synonyms:
candidly|directly|straightforwardly|straight from the shoulder|forthrightly|openly|honestly|truthfully|without dissembling|without beating about the bush|without mincing one's words|without prevarication|point-blank|matter-of-factly|unequivocally|unambiguously|categorically|plainly|explicitly|clearly|bluntly|baldly|starkly|outspokenly|with no holds barred


word: FRANTIC
russian_word: неистовый
example: she was frantic with worry
definition: distraught with fear, anxiety, or other emotion.
antonyms: calm
origin: late Middle English frentik, ‘insane, violently mad’, from Old French frenetique (see frenetic).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrantɪk
phonetics_text: ˈfrantɪk
synonyms:
panic-stricken|panic-struck|panicky|beside oneself|at one's wits' end|berserk|distraught|overwrought|worked up|agitated|distressed|frenzied|wild|frenetic|fraught|fevered|feverish|hysterical|mad|crazed|out of control|uncontrolled|unhinged|out of one's mind|maniacal|demented|desperate|in a state|in a tizzy/tizz|wound up|het up|in a flap|in a cold sweat|tearing one's hair out|having kittens|in a flat spin|swivel-eyed


word: FRASS
russian_word: пилильщика
origin: mid 19th century: from German Frass, from fressen ‘devour’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fras
phonetics_text: fras
definition:
fine powdery refuse or fragile perforated wood produced by the activity of boring insects.|the excrement of insect larvae.


word: FRATER
russian_word: трапезная
definition: the dining room or refectory of a monastery.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfreɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈfreɪtə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French fraitur, shortening of refreitor, from late Latin refectorium ‘refectory’.


word: FRATERNAL
russian_word: братский
example: his lack of fraternal feeling shocked me
origin: late Middle English: from medieval Latin fraternalis, from Latin fraternus, from frater ‘brother’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: frəˈtəːn(ə)l
phonetics_text: frəˈtəːn(ə)l
definition:
of or like a brother or brothers.|(of twins) developed from separate ova and therefore genetically distinct and not necessarily of the same sex or more similar than other siblings.


word: FRATERNITY
russian_word: братство
example: members of the hunting fraternity|the ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity
synonyms: profession|body of workers|band|group|set|circle
origin: Middle English: from Old French fraternite, from Latin fraternitas, from fraternus (see fraternal).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frəˈtəːnɪti
phonetics_text: frəˈtəːnɪti
definition:
a group of people sharing a common profession or interests.|friendship and mutual support within a group.


word: FRATERNIZE
russian_word: брататься
example: she ignored Elisabeth's warning glare against fraternizing with the enemy
definition: associate or form a friendship with someone, especially when one is not supposed to.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfratənʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈfratənʌɪz
synonyms:
associate|mix|mingle|consort|socialize|go around|keep company|rub shoulders|hang around|hang round|hang about|hang out|run around|knock about|knock around|hobnob|pal up|pal around|chum around|be thick with|rub elbows

origin:
early 17th century: from French fraterniser, from medieval Latin fraternizare, from Latin fraternus ‘brotherly’ (see fraternal).


word: FRATRICIDE
russian_word: братоубийство
example: Cain justifies his fratricide with lethal logic
definition: the killing of one's brother or sister.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfratrɪsʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfratrɪsʌɪd
origin:
late 15th century (denoting a person who kills their brother or sister, derived from Latin fratricida ): the primary current sense comes via French from late Latin fratricidium, from frater ‘brother’ + -cidium (see -cide).


word: FRAUD
russian_word: мошенничество
example: he was convicted of fraud
definition: wrongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain.
origin: Middle English: from Old French fraude, from Latin fraus, fraud- ‘deceit, injury’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɔːd
phonetics_text: frɔːd
synonyms:
fraudulence|sharp practice|cheating|swindling|trickery|artifice|deceit|deception|double-dealing|duplicity|treachery|chicanery|skulduggery|imposture|embezzlement|monkey business|funny business|crookedness|hanky-panky|shenanigans|flimflam|jiggery-pokery|monkeyshines|management|knavery|trick|cheat|hoax|subterfuge|stratagem|wile|ruse|swindle|racket|scam|con|con trick|rip-off|leg-pull|sting|gyp|kite|diddle|fiddle|swizzle|bunco|boondoggle|hustle|grift|rort


word: FRAUDULENT
russian_word: мошеннический
example: fraudulent share dealing
definition: obtained, done by, or involving deception, especially criminal deception.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɔːdjʊl(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈfrɔːdjʊl(ə)nt
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin fraudulentus, from fraus, fraud- ‘deceit, injury’.


word: FRAUGHT
russian_word: чреватый
example: marketing any new product is fraught with danger|there was a fraught silence
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: frɔːt
phonetics_text: frɔːt
definition:
(of a situation or course of action) filled with or likely to result in (something undesirable).|causing or affected by anxiety or stress.

synonyms:
full of|filled with|swarming with|rife with|thick with|bristling with|charged with|loaded with|brimful of|brimming with|attended by|accompanied by

origin:
late Middle English, ‘laden, equipped’, past participle of obsolete fraught  ‘load with cargo’, from Middle Dutch vrachten, from vracht ‘ship's cargo’. Compare with freight.


word: FRAXINELLA
russian_word: ясенец
definition: another term for gas plant.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfraksɪˈnɛlə
phonetics_text: ˌfraksɪˈnɛlə
origin:
mid 17th century: modern Latin (former specific epithet), diminutive of Latin fraxinus ‘ash tree’ (because of its leaves, thought to resemble those of the ash).


word: FRAY
russian_word: драка
example: cheap fabric soon frays|bucks mark their territory by fraying small trees
origin: late Middle English: from Old French freiier, from Latin fricare ‘to rub’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: freɪ
phonetics_text: freɪ
definition:
(of a fabric, rope, or cord) unravel or become worn at the edge, typically through constant rubbing.|(of a male deer) rub (a bush or small tree) with the head in order to remove the velvet from newly formed antlers, or to mark territory during the rut.

synonyms:
unravel|wear|wear thin|wear out|wear away|wear through|become worn|become threadbare|become tattered|become ragged|go into holes|go through|unravelling|unravelled|worn|well worn|threadbare|tattered|ragged|holey|moth-eaten|shabby|torn|ripped|split|worn out|worn through|worn thin|in holes|in tatters|falling to pieces|the worse for wear|tatty|ratty|raggedy


word: FRAZIL
russian_word: наледь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfreɪz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfreɪz(ə)l
definition:
soft or amorphous ice formed by the accumulation of ice crystals in water that is too turbulent to freeze solid.

origin:
late 19th century: from Canadian French frasil ‘snow floating in the water’, from French fraisil ‘cinders’.


word: FRAZZLE
russian_word: издерганность
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈfraz(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfraz(ə)l
example:
Richard was frequently frazzled by the conflicting demands of work and home|families whose homes overlook a field that was frazzled by the fire feared that the flames would reach their houses

definition:
cause to show the effects of exhaustion or strain.|damage or cause to shrivel by burning or exposure to heat.

origin:
early 19th century: perhaps a blend of fray1 and obsolete fazle ‘ravel out’, of Germanic origin. The word was originally East Anglian dialect, with the meaning ‘tear or unravel’; it came into standard British English via the US.


word: FRAZZLED
russian_word: измотанный
definition: showing the effects of exhaustion or strain.|damaged by burning or exposure to heat.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfraz(ə)ld
phonetics_text: ˈfraz(ə)ld
example:
a long line of screaming children and frazzled parents|a leave-in conditioner for repairing frazzled hair


word: FREAK
russian_word: урод
antonyms: normal
origin: mid 16th century (in freak (sense 4 of the noun)): probably from a dialect word.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: friːk
phonetics_text: friːk
example:
the teacher says the accident was a total freak|a few freaks have been discovered, one amazing cat tipping the scales at no less than 43 lbs|a fitness freak|follow this way or that, as the freak takes you

definition:
a very unusual and unexpected event or situation.|a person, animal, or plant with an unusual physical abnormality.|a person who is obsessed with a particular activity or interest.|a sudden arbitrary change of mind; a whim.

synonyms:
unusual|anomalous|atypical|untypical|unrepresentative|abnormal|aberrant|irregular|fluky|exceptional|unparalleled|unaccountable|bizarre|queer|peculiar|odd|freakish|unpredictable|unforeseeable|unexpected|unanticipated|surprise|surprising|rare|singular|isolated|backasswards|fluke|anomaly|aberration|rogue|rarity|quirk|oddity|outlier|edge case|unusual occurrence|peculiar turn of events|twist of fate|chance|coincidence|hazard|accident|mistake


word: FREAKISH
russian_word: причудливый
example: freakish weather
definition: very unusual, strange, or unexpected.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfriːkɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈfriːkɪʃ
synonyms:
strange|peculiar|odd|bizarre|queer|curious|funny|eccentric|outlandish|offbeat|off-centre|unusual|abnormal|atypical|untypical|anomalous|out of the ordinary|out of the way|extraordinary|irregular|deviant|aberrant|freaky|surreal|eerie|unnatural|perverse|unexpected|surprising|outré|unco|screwy|way out|wacky|oddball|fishy|creepy|spooky|rum|wacko|bizarro|backasswards


word: FREAKY
russian_word: причудливый
example: a freaky coincidence
definition: very odd, strange, or eccentric.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfriːki
phonetics_text: ˈfriːki
synonyms:
strange|peculiar|odd|bizarre|queer|curious|funny|eccentric|outlandish|offbeat|off-centre|unusual|abnormal|atypical|untypical|anomalous|out of the ordinary|out of the way|extraordinary|irregular|deviant|aberrant|freakish|surreal|eerie|unnatural|perverse|unexpected|surprising|outré|unco|screwy|way out|wacky|oddball|fishy|creepy|spooky|rum|wacko|bizarro|backasswards


word: FRECKLE
russian_word: веснушка
example: she had a light sprinkling of freckles on her nose
origin: late Middle English: alteration of dialect frecken, from Old Norse freknur (plural).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfrɛk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛk(ə)l
definition:
a small patch of light brown colour on the skin, often becoming more pronounced through exposure to the sun.


word: FREE
russian_word: бесплатно
antonyms: captive
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: friː
phonetics_text: friː
example:
I have no ambitions other than to have a happy life and be free|the researchers set the birds free|she spent her free time shopping|our salsas are free of preservatives|free healthcare|she was always free with her money

definition:
able to act or be done as one wishes; not under the control of another.|not or no longer confined or imprisoned.|not subject to engagements or obligations.|not subject to or affected by (something undesirable).|given or available without charge.|using or expending something without restraint; lavish.|(of literature or music) not observing the normal conventions of style or form.|(of the wind) blowing from a favourable direction to the side or aft of a vessel.

synonyms:
on the loose|at liberty|at large|loose|unconfined|unbound|untied|unchained|untethered|unshackled|unfettered|unrestrained|unsecured

origin:
Old English frēo (adjective), frēon (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vrij and German frei, from an Indo-European root meaning ‘to love’, shared by friend.


word: FREEBASE
russian_word: свободное основание
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfriːbeɪs
phonetics_text: ˈfriːbeɪs
definition:
cocaine that has been purified by heating with ether, taken by inhaling the fumes or smoking the residue.


word: FREEBOOTER
russian_word: флибустьер
definition: a pirate or lawless adventurer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːbuːtə
phonetics_text: ˈfriːbuːtə
synonyms:
pirate|marauder|raider|plunderer|bandit|robber|adventurer|swashbuckler|buccaneer|privateer|picaroon|filibuster|sea thief|sea robber|water thief|sea wolf|water rat|marooner|corsair|rover|sea rover

origin:
late 16th century: from Dutch vrijbuiter, from vrij ‘free’ + buit ‘booty’, + the noun suffix -er . Compare with filibuster.


word: FREEDIVING
russian_word: фридайвингу
example: he is passionate about deep-sea freediving
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːdʌɪvɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfriːdʌɪvɪŋ
definition:
the sport or activity of diving under water without the use of breathing apparatus, especially in deep water.


word: FREEDOM
russian_word: свобода
antonyms: captivity
synonyms: right to|entitlement to|privilege|prerogative|due
origin: Old English frēodōm (see free, -dom).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːdəm
phonetics_text: ˈfriːdəm
example:
we do have some freedom of choice|the shark thrashed its way to freedom|government policies to achieve freedom from want|he accepted the freedom of the City of Glasgow

definition:
the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants.|the state of not being imprisoned or enslaved.|the state of not being subject to or affected by (something undesirable).|a special privilege or right of access, especially that of full citizenship of a city granted to a public figure as an honour.|familiarity or openness in speech or behaviour.


word: FREE-FOR-ALL
russian_word: общедоступный
example: a free-for-all on the topic ‘Woman and Writing’
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːfərɔːl
phonetics_text: ˈfriːfərɔːl
definition:
a disorganized or unrestricted situation or event in which everyone may take part, especially a fight, discussion, or trading market.

synonyms:
brawl|fight|scuffle|tussle|struggle|battle|confrontation|clash|altercation|fray|fracas|melee|rumpus|riot|commotion|disturbance|breach of the peace|rammy|swedge|donnybrook|dust-up|scrap|set-to|shindy|shindig|punch-up|bust-up|ruck|barney|afters|brannigan|stoush|affray|broil|bagarre


word: FREEGAN
russian_word: фриган
example: there is a need for more freegans in our wasteful society
origin: 1990s: blend of free and vegan.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːɡ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfriːɡ(ə)n
definition:
a person who rejects consumerism and seeks to help the environment by reducing waste, especially by retrieving and using discarded food and other goods.


word: FREEMASON
russian_word: масон
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːmeɪs(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfriːmeɪs(ə)n
definition:
a member of an international order established for mutual help and fellowship, which holds elaborate secret ceremonies.


word: FREEMASONRY
russian_word: масонство
example: the unshakeable freemasonry of actors in a crisis
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːmeɪs(ə)nri
phonetics_text: ˈfriːmeɪs(ə)nri
definition:
the system and institutions of the Freemasons.|instinctive sympathy or fellow feeling between people with something in common.


word: FREEPHONE
russian_word: бесплатная линия
example: a Freefone number
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːfəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈfriːfəʊn
definition:
a telephone service whereby a subscribing organization can pay for incoming calls made by its clients or customers.


word: FREESIA
russian_word: фрезия
origin: modern Latin, named after Friedrich H. T. Freese (died 1876), German physician.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːzɪə
phonetics_text: ˈfriːzɪə
definition:
a small southern African plant with fragrant, colourful, tubular flowers, many varieties of which are cultivated for the cut-flower trade.


word: FREESTONE
russian_word: строительный камень
example: the town hall built in the local freestone|freestone peaches
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːstəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈfriːstəʊn
definition:
a fine-grained stone which can be cut easily in any direction, in particular a type of sandstone or limestone.|a stone fruit in which the stone is easily separated from the flesh when the fruit is ripe.


word: FREESTYLE
russian_word: фристайл
example: freestyle wrestling
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfriːstʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈfriːstʌɪl
definition:
denoting a contest, race, or version of a sport in which there are few restrictions on the moves or techniques that competitors employ.


word: FREETHINKER
russian_word: вольнодумец
definition: a person who rejects accepted opinions, especially those concerning religious belief.
antonyms: conformist|believer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: friːˈθɪŋkə
phonetics_text: friːˈθɪŋkə
synonyms:
nonconformist|individualist|independent|maverick|dissenter|heretic|libertine|agnostic|atheist|non-theist|non-believer|unbeliever|disbeliever|sceptic|doubter|doubting Thomas|apostate|humanist|pagan|heathen|infidel|paynim|renegade|nullifidian


word: FREEWHEEL
russian_word: выбеге
antonyms: pedal
synonyms: coast|cruise|drift|glide|sail|skim|float
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: friːˈwiːl
phonetics_text: friːˈwiːl
example:
the postman came freewheeling down the track|I'm not the sort of person who would freewheel his way to the end of a contract

definition:
ride a bicycle with the pedals at rest, especially downhill.|act or proceed in a relaxed or casual way, without making much effort.


word: FREEZE
russian_word: замораживать
antonyms: thaw|warm up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: friːz
phonetics_text: friːz
example:
in the winter the milk froze|the cake can be frozen|she froze in horror|new spending on defence was to be frozen

definition:
(with reference to a liquid) turn or be turned into ice or another solid as a result of extreme cold.|store (something) at a very low temperature in order to preserve it.|become suddenly motionless or paralysed with fear or shock.|hold (something) at a fixed level or in a fixed state for a period of time.

synonyms:
deep-freeze|quick-freeze|freeze-dry|put in the freezer|pack in ice|put on ice|ice|store at a low temperature|chill|cool|refrigerate|preserve

origin:
Old English frēosan (in the phrase hit frēoseth ‘it is freezing’), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vriezen and German frieren, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin pruina ‘hoar frost’ and frost.


word: FREEZE OUT
russian_word: отделаться
example: during a banquet, she completely froze out her husband
definition: behave in a hostile or obstructive way so as to exclude someone from something.
antonyms: include|welcome
synonyms:
exclude|leave out|shut out|cut out|neglect|ignore|ostracize|reject|disown|spurn|slight|snub|shun|cut|cut dead|turn one's back on|cold-shoulder|give someone the cold shoulder|leave out in the cold|send to Coventry|knock back|brush off|give someone the brush-off|stiff-arm|hand someone the frozen mitt|blank|give someone the brush|snout|give someone the go-by|excommunicate


word: FREEZING
russian_word: замораживание
example: strong winds and freezing temperatures
definition: below 0°C.
antonyms: balmy
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfriːzɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfriːzɪŋ
synonyms:
bitterly cold|cold|chill|chilling|frosty|frozen|glacial|wintry|sub-zero|raw|biting|piercing|penetrating|cutting|stinging|numbing|arctic|polar|Siberian|Baltic|gelid|brumal|rimy|algid|circumpolar


word: FREIGHT
russian_word: грузовой
definition: goods transported in bulk by truck, train, ship, or aircraft.|a freight train.|a load or burden.
synonyms: cargo|load|haul|consignment|delivery|shipment|merchandise|goods|lading|freightage
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: freɪt
phonetics_text: freɪt
example:
a decline in the amount of freight carried by rail|I can hear the regular wail of the twelve o'clock freight from my house|these warm winds deposit their freight of moisture in showers of rain

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘hire of a ship for transporting goods’): from Middle Dutch, Middle Low German vrecht, variant of vracht ‘ship's cargo’. Compare with fraught.


word: FRENCH LEAVE
russian_word: прогул
example: the caretaker had taken French leave
definition: absence from work or duty without permission.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic:
mid 18th century: said to derive from the French custom of leaving a dinner or ball without saying goodbye to the host or hostess. The phrase was first recorded shortly after the Seven Years War; the equivalent French expression is filer à l'Anglaise, literally ‘to escape in the style of the English’.


word: FRENCHMAN
russian_word: француз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛn(t)ʃmən
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛn(t)ʃmən
definition:
a man who is French by birth or descent.|a knife with a right-angled bend in its blade, used in bricklaying.


word: FRENETIC
russian_word: неистовый
example: a frenetic pace of activity
definition: fast and energetic in a rather wild and uncontrolled way.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: frəˈnɛtɪk
phonetics_text: frəˈnɛtɪk
synonyms:
frantic|wild|frenzied|hectic|fraught|feverish|fevered|mad|manic|hyperactive|energetic|intense|fast and furious|turbulent|tumultuous|confused|confusing|exciting|excited|swivel-eyed

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘insane’): from Old French frenetique, via Latin from Greek phrenitikos, from phrenitis ‘delirium’, from phrēn ‘mind’. Compare with frantic.


word: FRENULUM
russian_word: уздечка
origin: early 18th century: modern Latin, diminutive of Latin frenum ‘bridle’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːnjʊləm
phonetics_text: ˈfriːnjʊləm
definition:
a small fold or ridge of tissue which supports or checks the motion of the part to which it is attached, in particular a fold of skin beneath the tongue, or between the lip and the gum.|(in some moths and butterflies) a bristle or row of bristles on the edge of the hindwing which keeps it in contact with the forewing.


word: FRENZIED
russian_word: бешеный
example: a frenzied attack
definition: wildly excited or uncontrolled.
antonyms: calm
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɛnzɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛnzɪd
synonyms:
frantic|wild|frenetic|hectic|fraught|feverish|fevered|mad|crazed|manic|hyperactive|energetic|intense|furious|fast and furious|turbulent|tumultuous|confused|confusing|panic-stricken|panic-struck|panicky|hysterical|desperate|swivel-eyed


word: FRENZY
russian_word: безумие
example: Doreen worked herself into a frenzy of rage
definition: a state or period of uncontrolled excitement or wild behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛnzi
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛnzi
synonyms:
hysteria|madness|mania|insanity|derangement|dementedness|delirium|feverishness|fever|wildness|distraction|agitation|turmoil|tumult|wild excitement|euphoria|elation|ecstasy|craziness|deliration|fit|seizure|paroxysm|spasm|bout|outburst|ferment|storm

origin:
Middle English: from Old French frenesie, from medieval Latin phrenesia, from Latin phrenesis, from Greek phrēn ‘mind’.


word: FREON
russian_word: фреон
origin: 1930s: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːɒn
phonetics_text: ˈfriːɒn
definition:
an aerosol propellant, refrigerant, or organic solvent consisting of one or more of a group of chlorofluorocarbons and related compounds.


word: FREQUENCY
russian_word: частота
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfriːkw(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈfriːkw(ə)nsi
example:
an increase in the frequency of accidents due to increased overtime|different thicknesses of glass will absorb different frequencies of sound

definition:
the rate at which something occurs over a particular period of time or in a given sample.|the rate per second of a vibration constituting a wave, either in a material (as in sound waves), or in an electromagnetic field (as in radio waves and light).

origin:
mid 16th century (gradually superseding late Middle English frequence ; originally denoting a gathering of people): from Latin frequentia, from frequens, frequent- ‘crowded, frequent’.


word: FREQUENT
russian_word: частый
example: frequent changes in policy
definition: occurring or done many times at short intervals.
antonyms: infrequent|few
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
synonyms:
recurrent|recurring|repeated|persistent|periodic|perennial|chronic|continuing|occurring often|continual|constant|incessant|non-stop|endless|many|very many|a great many|numerous|countless|quite a few|quite a lot of|lots of|several|eternal|loads of|masses of|heaps of|dozens of|hundreds of|thousands of|millions of

phonetic:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘profuse, ample’): from French, or from Latin frequens, frequent- ‘crowded, frequent’, of unknown ultimate origin.


word: FREQUENTATIVE
russian_word: многократный
definition: (of a verb or verbal form) expressing frequent repetition or intensity of action.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: frɪˈkwɛntətɪv
phonetics_text: frɪˈkwɛntətɪv
origin:
mid 16th century: from French fréquentatif, -ive or Latin frequentativus, from frequens, frequent- ‘crowded, frequent’.


word: FREQUENTER
russian_word: завсегдатай
example: he is an avid frequenter of discount supermarkets
definition: a person who visits a place often.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɪˈkwɛntə
phonetics_text: frɪˈkwɛntə
synonyms:
regular visitor to|regular customer of|regular client of|regular patron of|regular of|habitué of|familiar face at|haunter of|regular punter at


word: FREQUENTLY
russian_word: часто
example: they go abroad frequently
definition: regularly or habitually; often.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfriːkwəntli
phonetics_text: ˈfriːkwəntli
synonyms:
regularly|often|very often|all the time|habitually|customarily|routinely|usually|normally|commonly|again and again|time and again|over and over again|repeatedly|recurrently|continually|constantly|many times|many a time|lots of times|on several occasions|oftentimes|oft|oft-times


word: FRESCO
russian_word: фреска
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfrɛskəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛskəʊ
definition:
a painting done rapidly in watercolour on wet plaster on a wall or ceiling, so that the colours penetrate the plaster and become fixed as it dries.

origin:
late 16th century: Italian, literally ‘cool, fresh’. The word was first recorded in English in the phrase in fresco, representing Italian affresco, al fresco ‘on the fresh (plaster)’.


word: FRESH
russian_word: свежий
antonyms: stale|processed
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: frɛʃ
phonetics_text: frɛʃ
example:
fresh fruit|the court had heard fresh evidence|they are feeling fresh after a good night's sleep|all the fresh water in the world's lakes|a fresh northerly wind was speeding the ship southwards|we were fresh out of art school|one truck driver decided to get fresh with me|this place was covered in water and smelled fresh like hell

definition:
(of food) recently made or obtained; not tinned, frozen, or otherwise preserved.|not previously known or used; new or different.|(of a person) full of energy and vigour.|(of water) not salty.|(of the wind) cool and fairly strong.|(of a person) having just had (a particular experience) or come from (a particular place).|presumptuous towards someone, especially in a sexual way.|having an unpleasant, slightly rotten smell.

synonyms:
newly harvested|garden-fresh|not stale|crisp|firm|unwilted|unfaded|raw|natural|unprocessed|unpreserved|undried|uncured|unsmoked|without additives|without preservatives

origin:
Old English fersc  ‘not salt, fit for drinking’, superseded in Middle English by forms from Old French freis, fresche ; both ultimately of Germanic origin and related to Dutch vers and German frisch .


word: FRESHEN
russian_word: освежать
example: it didn't take long to freshen her make-up|the westerly wind freshened and howled dismally
antonyms: tire
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfrɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛʃ(ə)n
definition:
make (something) newer, cleaner, or more attractive.|(of wind) become stronger and colder.|(of a cow) give birth and come into milk.

synonyms:
refresh|revitalize|restore|revive|reinvigorate|reanimate|wake up|rouse|enliven|liven up|energize|stimulate|brace|fortify|invigorate|buck up|pep up|blow away the cobwebs|inspirit


word: FRESHENER
russian_word: освежитель
example: parsley is a natural breath freshener|yes, thank you, I will take a freshener
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛʃ(ə)nə
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛʃ(ə)nə
definition:
a substance or device that makes something fresher or cleaner.|a quantity of a drink that refills a partly full glass or cup; a top-up.


word: FRESHEN UP
russian_word: освежать
example: he went off to freshen up in the local baths
definition: refresh oneself by washing or changing into clean clothes.
synonyms:
have a wash|wash oneself|bathe|shower|tidy oneself (up)|spruce oneself up|smarten up|groom oneself|preen oneself|primp oneself|prink oneself|wash up|titivate oneself|do oneself up|doll oneself up|tart oneself up|lave|perform one's ablutions|plume oneself|trig oneself|make one's toilet


word: FRESHMAN
russian_word: первокурсник
example: we invited the freshmen
definition: a first-year student at university.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛʃmən
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛʃmən
synonyms:
first-year student|undergraduate|newcomer|new recruit|starter|probationer|fledgling|beginner|learner|novice|tenderfoot|undergrad|fresher|greenhorn|rookie|frosh


word: FRESHNESS
russian_word: свежесть
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛʃnəs
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛʃnəs
example:
the restaurant's selling point is the freshness of its ingredients|he brings freshness to a familiar story|his freshness, passion, and focus got him cast in leading roles|the freshness of the wind with its cooling air

definition:
(with reference to food) the state of being recently made or obtained or not having decayed.|the quality of being pleasantly new or different.|energy and vigour.|(with reference to wind) the quality of being cool and fairly strong.


word: FRESHWATER
russian_word: пресноводный
example: freshwater and marine fish
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɛʃwɔːtə
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛʃwɔːtə
definition:
of or found in fresh water; not of the sea.|(especially of a school or college) situated in a remote or obscure area; provincial.


word: FRET
russian_word: беспокоиться
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: frɛt
phonetics_text: frɛt
example:
she fretted about the cost of groceries|the bay's black waves fret the seafront|squelchy clay that fretted between his toes

definition:
be constantly or visibly anxious.|gradually wear away (something) by rubbing or gnawing.|flow or move in small waves.

synonyms:
worry|be anxious|feel uneasy|be distressed|be upset|upset oneself|concern oneself|feel unhappy|agonize|anguish|sorrow|sigh|pine|brood|mope|fuss|make a fuss|complain|grumble|whine|eat one's heart out|stew|feel peeved

origin:
Old English fretan  ‘devour, consume’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vreten and German fressen, and ultimately to for- and eat.


word: FRETFUL
russian_word: капризный
example: the baby was crying with a fretful whimper
definition: feeling or expressing distress or irritation.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɛtfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛtfʊl|ˈfrɛtf(ə)l
synonyms:
distressed|upset|miserable|unsettled|uneasy|ill at ease|uncomfortable|agitated|distraught|overwrought|wrought up|worked up|tense|stressed|restive|fidgety|irritable|cross|crabbed|fractious|peevish|petulant|out of sorts|bad-tempered|ill-natured|edgy|irascible|grumpy|crotchety|touchy|captious|testy|tetchy|querulous|complaining|grumbling|whining|cranky|het up|uptight|twitchy|rattled|crabby|overstrung|unquiet


word: FRIAR
russian_word: монах
origin: Middle English: from Old French frere, from Latin frater ‘brother’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌɪə
definition:
a member of any of certain religious orders of men, especially the four mendicant orders (Augustinians, Carmelites, Dominicans, and Franciscans).

synonyms:
monk|brother|religious|contemplative|prior|abbot|Dominican|Black Friar|Carmelite|White Friar|Franciscan|Friar Minor|Grey Friar|Minorite|Augustinian|Augustine|Austin Friar|Crutched Friar|Capuchin|Servite|mendicant|cenobite|cloisterer|religioner|religieux


word: FRIBBLE
russian_word: бездельник
example: he grew up regarding his classmates as a bunch of brainless fribbles
definition: a frivolous or foolish person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪb(ə)l
origin:
mid 17th century: symbolic, from the earlier (now obsolete) verb meaning ‘stammer’, also ‘act aimlessly or frivolously’.


word: FRICASSEE
russian_word: фрикасе
definition: a dish of stewed or fried pieces of meat served in a thick white sauce.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfrɪkəsiː
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪkəsiː|ˌfrɪkəˈsiː
origin:
French fricassée, feminine past participle of fricasser ‘cut up and cook in sauce’ (probably a blend of frire ‘to fry’ and casser ‘to break’).


word: FRICATIVE
russian_word: фрикативный
origin: mid 19th century: from modern Latin fricativus, from Latin fricare ‘to rub’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfrɪkətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪkətɪv
definition:
denoting a type of consonant made by the friction of breath in a narrow opening, producing a turbulent air flow.


word: FRICTION
russian_word: трение
example: a lubrication system which reduces friction
definition: the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
abrasion|abrading|rubbing|chafing|grating|rasping|scraping|excoriation|grinding|gnawing|eating away|wearing away/down|resistance|drag|adhesion|traction|grip|purchase|attrition|fretting|detrition

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting chafing or rubbing of the body or limbs, formerly much used in medical treatment): via French from Latin frictio(n- ), from fricare ‘to rub’.


word: FRIEND
russian_word: друг
example: she's a friend of mine
antonyms: enemy
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: frɛnd
phonetics_text: frɛnd
definition:
a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection, typically one exclusive of sexual or family relations.|a member of the Religious Society of Friends; a Quaker.

synonyms:
companion|boon companion|bosom friend|best friend|close friend|intimate|confidante|confidant|familiar|soul mate|alter ego|second self|shadow|playmate|playfellow|classmate|schoolmate|workmate|ally|comrade|associate|sister|brother|pal|bosom pal|buddy|bosom buddy|chum|spar|sidekick|cully|crony|main man|bezzie|mate|oppo|china|mucker|butty|bruvver|bruv|marrow|marrer|marra|amigo|compadre|paisan|homie|bro|homeboy|homegirl|gabba|offsider|compeer|fidus Achates

origin:
Old English frēond, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vriend and German Freund, from an Indo-European root meaning ‘to love’, shared by free.


word: FRIENDLESS
russian_word: одинокий
example: they have been left virtually friendless
definition: having no friends; alone.
antonyms: popular
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɛndləs
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛndləs
synonyms:
alone|all alone|by oneself|solitary|with no ties|unattached|single|lone|isolated|without friends|companionless|unbefriended|unpopular|unwanted|unloved|uncared-for|abandoned|deserted|rejected|forsaken|outcast|shunned|spurned|lonely|with no one to turn to|forlorn|desolate|lonesome


word: FRIENDLINESS
russian_word: дружелюбие
example: I was overwhelmed by the friendliness of the people here
definition: the quality of being friendly; affability.
antonyms: unfriendliness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛn(d)lɪnəs
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛn(d)lɪnəs
synonyms:
affability|amiability|geniality|congeniality|cordiality|good nature|good humour|warmth|affection|affectionateness|demonstrativeness|conviviality|joviality|companionability|companionableness|sociability|gregariousness|clubbability|comradeship|neighbourliness|hospitableness|approachability|accessibility|easy-going manner|communicativeness|openness|lack of reservation|lack of inhibition|good-naturedness|kindness|kindliness|sympathy|amenability|benevolence|bonhomie|chumminess|palliness|clubbiness|mateyness|decency


word: FRIENDLY
russian_word: дружелюбный
antonyms: unfriendly|hostile
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfrɛn(d)li
phonetics_text: ˈfrɛn(d)li
example:
they were friendly to me|an environment-friendly agronomic practice|no one noticed her as she slipped out—it was a friendly night|the risk of blowing up friendly forces is minimized

definition:
kind and pleasant.|denoting something that is adapted for or is not harmful to a specified thing.|favourable or serviceable.|(of troops or equipment) of, belonging to, or allied with one's own forces.

synonyms:
affectionate|affable|amiable|genial|congenial|cordial|warm|demonstrative|convivial|companionable|company-loving|sociable|gregarious|outgoing|clubbable|comradely|neighbourly|hospitable|approachable|easy to get along with|accessible|communicative|open|unreserved|easy-going|good-natured|kindly|benign|amenable|agreeable|obliging|sympathetic|well disposed|benevolent|couthy|chummy|pally|clubby|matey|decent|buddy-buddy|conversable|amicable|pleasant|easy|casual|informal|unceremonious|confidential|close|intimate|familiar|peaceable|peaceful|conciliatory|harmonious|non-hostile


word: FRIEZE
russian_word: фриз
example: the horsemen of the Parthenon frieze
definition: a broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, especially on a wall near the ceiling.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: friːz
phonetics_text: friːz
origin:
mid 16th century: from French frise, from medieval Latin frisium, variant of frigium, from Latin Phrygium (opus) ‘(work) of Phrygia’.


word: FRIG
russian_word: холодильник
definition: have sex with.
part_of_speech: verb|exclamation
phonetic: frɪɡ
phonetics_text: frɪɡ
origin:
late Middle English: of unknown origin. The original sense was ‘move restlessly, wriggle’, later ‘rub, chafe’, hence ‘masturbate’ (late 17th century).


word: FRIGATE
russian_word: фрегат
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɪɡət
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪɡət
definition:
a warship with a mixed armament, generally lighter than a destroyer (in the US navy, heavier) and of a kind originally introduced for convoy escort work.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a light, fast boat which was rowed or sailed): from French frégate, from Italian fregata, of unknown origin.


word: FRIGHT
russian_word: испуг
example: I jumped up in fright
definition: a sudden intense feeling of fear.
origin: Old English fryhto, fyrhto (noun), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch furcht and German furcht .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: frʌɪt
phonetics_text: frʌɪt
synonyms:
fear|fearfulness|terror|horror|alarm|panic|dread|trepidation|uneasiness|nervousness|apprehension|apprehensiveness|consternation|dismay|perturbation|disquiet|discomposure|jitteriness|twitchiness|scare|shock|surprise|turn|jolt|start|the shivers|the shakes|the jitters|the heebie-jeebies|the willies|the creeps|the collywobbles|a cold sweat|the (screaming) abdabs|butterflies (in one's stomach)


word: FRIGHTEN
russian_word: пугать
example: the savagery of his thoughts frightened him
definition: make (someone) afraid or anxious.
antonyms: reassure|comfort|comforting
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfrʌɪt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌɪt(ə)n
synonyms:
scare|startle|alarm|terrify|petrify|shock|chill|appal|agitate|panic|throw into panic|fluster|ruffle|shake|disturb|disconcert|unnerve|unman|intimidate|terrorize|cow|daunt|dismay|fill someone with fear|strike terror into|put the fear of God into|chill someone's blood|chill someone to the bone|chill someone to the marrow|make someone's blood run cold|freeze someone's blood|make someone's flesh crawl|give someone goose pimples|scare stiff|scare witless|scare someone (half) to death|scare the pants off|rattle|spook|throw into a blue funk|put the wind up|make someone's hair curl|scare the bejesus out of|affright|terrifying|horrifying|alarming|startling|shocking|chilling|spine-chilling|hair-raising|blood-curdling|appalling|disturbing|disconcerting|unnerving|intimidating|daunting|dismaying|upsetting|harrowing|traumatic|eerie|sinister|fearsome|dreadful|horrible|awful|nightmarish|monstrous|grim|gruesome|macabre|menacing|eldritch|scary|spooky|creepy|hairy|scare shitless


word: FRIGHTFUL
russian_word: страшный
example: there's been a most frightful accident
definition: very unpleasant, serious, or shocking.
antonyms: mild
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrʌɪtfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌɪtfʊl|ˈfrʌɪtf(ə)l
synonyms:
horrible|gruesome|grisly|ghastly|hideous|grim|revolting|repulsive|disgusting|horrendous|grievous|dreadful|terrible|nasty|dire|unspeakable|alarming|shocking|terrifying|harrowing|appalling|daunting|unnerving|fearful|fearsome|horrid|beastly|parlous


word: FRIGID
russian_word: холодный
example: the air was frigid, and spectators shivered against the cold|my ex told everyone I was frigid
definition: very cold in temperature.|unable to be sexually aroused (typically used of a woman).
antonyms: hot|tropical
origin: late Middle English: from Latin frigidus, from frigere ‘be cold’, from frigus (noun) ‘cold’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɪdʒɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪdʒɪd
synonyms:
very cold|bitterly cold|bitter|freezing|frozen|frosty|icy|icy-cold|ice-cold|chilly|wintry|bleak|sub-zero|arctic|Siberian|polar|glacial|nippy|parky|Baltic|chill|Hyperborean|hibernal|boreal|hiemal|gelid|algid|brumal|rimy


word: FRILL
russian_word: оборка
example: it was just a comfortable flat with no frills
synonyms: ruffle|flounce|ruff|furbelow|jabot|peplum|flute|ruche|ruching|gather|tuck|fringe|purfle
origin: late 16th century: from or related to Flemish frul .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɪl
phonetics_text: frɪl
definition:
a strip of gathered or pleated material sewn on to a garment or larger piece of material as a decorative edging or ornament.|an unnecessary extra feature or embellishment.


word: FRINGE
russian_word: бахрома
antonyms: middle
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: frɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: frɪn(d)ʒ
example:
the southern fringes of the city|the beaded fringe of her dress|she smiled as she pushed her fringe back out of her eyes|we offer the highest salary and fringes in the country

definition:
the border or outer edges of an area or group.|a decorative border of hanging threads left loose or formed into tassels or twists, used to edge clothing or material.|the front part of a person's hair cut so as to hang over the forehead.|a band of contrasting brightness or darkness produced by diffraction or interference of light.|short for fringe benefit.

synonyms:
perimeter|periphery|border|borderline|margin|rim|outer edge|edge|extremity|limit|outer limits|limits|borders|bounds|outskirts|marches|marge|bourn|skirt|ambit

origin:
Middle English (in fringe (sense 2 of the noun)): from Old French frenge, based on late Latin fimbria, earlier a plural noun meaning ‘fibres, shreds’.


word: FRINGED
russian_word: бахромой
example: a fringed suede jacket|the insect's tiny fringed wings flap at several hundred beats per second
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: frɪn(d)ʒd
phonetics_text: frɪn(d)ʒd
definition:
(of clothing or material) having a decorative border of hanging threads.|(of part of a plant or animal) having a natural border or edging of hair or fibres.


word: FRIPPERY
russian_word: мишура
example: a strictly business building with not a hint of frippery
definition: showy or unnecessary ornament in architecture, dress, or language.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɪp(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪp(ə)ri
synonyms:
ostentation|showiness|embellishment|ornamentation|ornament|adornment|decoration|trimming|garnishing|garnishment|gilding|beautification|prettification|gingerbread|finery|luxury|flashiness|glitz|glitziness|bells and whistles|trumpery

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting old or second-hand clothes): from French friperie, from Old French freperie, from frepe ‘rag’, of unknown ultimate origin.


word: FRISBEE
russian_word: фрисби
definition: a concave plastic disc designed for skimming through the air as an outdoor game or amusement.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɪzbi
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪzbi
origin:
1950s: said to be named after the Frisbie bakery (Bridgeport, Connecticut), whose pie tins could be used similarly.


word: FRISK
russian_word: резвиться
example: he raised his arms to permit the officer to frisk him|spaniels frisked around me
synonyms: search|body-search|check|inspect|examine|give someone the once-over|shake down
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: frɪsk
phonetics_text: frɪsk
definition:
(of a police officer or other official) pass the hands over (someone) in a search for hidden weapons, drugs, or other items.|skip or leap playfully; frolic.

origin:
early 16th century (in frisk (sense 2 of the noun)): from obsolete frisk ‘lively, frisky’, from Old French frisque ‘alert, lively, merry’, perhaps of Germanic origin. frisk (sense 1 of the noun), originally a slang term, dates from the late 18th century.


word: FRISKY
russian_word: резвый
example: he bounds about like a frisky pup
definition: playful and full of energy.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɪski
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪski
synonyms:
lively|bouncy|bubbly|perky|active|energetic|animated|zestful|full of vim and vigour|playful|full of fun|coltish|skittish|spirited|high-spirited|in high spirits|exuberant|high|frolicky|full of beans|full of get-up-and-go|sparky|zippy|peppy|bright-eyed and bushy-tailed|frolicsome|gamesome|sportive|frolic|wanton|ludic


word: FRITILLARY
russian_word: рябчик
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɪˈtɪləri
phonetics_text: frɪˈtɪləri
definition:
a Eurasian plant of the lily family, with hanging bell-like flowers.|a butterfly with orange-brown wings that are chequered with black.

origin:
mid 17th century: from modern Latin fritillaria, from Latin fritillus ‘dice box’ (probably with reference to the chequered corolla of the snake's head fritillary).


word: FRITTER
russian_word: оладья
example: I wish we hadn't frittered the money away so easily|they become frittered into minute tatters
definition: waste time, money, or energy on trifling matters.|divide (something) into small pieces.
antonyms: save|spend wisely
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfrɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪtə
synonyms:
squander|waste|misuse|misspend|spend unwisely|throw away|dissipate|make poor use of|overspend|spend like water|throw around like confetti|be prodigal with|be wastefully extravagant with|run through|get through|lose|blow|splurge|blue|piss away

origin:
early 18th century: based on obsolete fitter  ‘break into fragments, shred’; perhaps related to German Fetzen ‘rag, scrap’.


word: FRIVOLITY
russian_word: легкомыслие
example: a night of fun and frivolity
definition: lack of seriousness; light-heartedness.
antonyms: seriousness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɪˈvɒlɪti
phonetics_text: frɪˈvɒlɪti
synonyms:
light-heartedness|levity|joking|jocularity|gaiety|fun|frivolousness|silliness|foolishness|zaniness|giddiness|flightiness|skittishness|flippancy|facetiousness|inanity|superficiality|shallowness|vacuity|empty-headedness|dizziness|dippiness|daftness|ditziness


word: FRIVOLOUS
russian_word: легкомысленный
example: frivolous ribbons and lacy frills
definition: not having any serious purpose or value.
antonyms: serious|practical|important
origin: late Middle English: from Latin frivolus ‘silly, trifling’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɪv(ə)ləs
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪv(ə)ləs
synonyms:
flippant|glib|waggish|joking|jokey|light-hearted|facetious|fatuous|inane|shallow|superficial|senseless|thoughtless|ill-considered|non-serious|flip|daft|frolicsome|sportive|jocose|impractical|frothy|flimsy|insubstantial|time-wasting|trivial|trifling|minor|petty|lightweight|insignificant|unimportant|worthless|valueless|pointless|paltry|niggling|peripheral


word: FRIZZ
russian_word: завивать
example: her hair was crimped and frizzed into a leonine mane
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: frɪz
phonetics_text: frɪz
definition:
form (hair) into a mass of small, tight curls.|dress (chamois or a similar leather) with pumice or a scraping knife.

origin:
late Middle English (in frizz (sense 2 of the verb)): from French friser . frizz (sense 1 of the verb) dates from the late 16th century.


word: FRIZZY
russian_word: вьющийся
example: frizzy red hair
definition: formed of a mass of small, tight curls.
antonyms: straight
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɪzi
phonetics_text: ˈfrɪzi
synonyms:
curly|curled|corkscrew|crimped|crinkled|crinkly|kinked|kinky|waved|frizzed|corrugated|permed|ringletty|ringletted


word: FROCK
russian_word: платье
example: her new party frock|the chaplain tottered in stiff splendid frocks
synonyms: dress|gown|robe|shift|garment|costume
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɒk
phonetics_text: frɒk
definition:
a woman's or girl's dress.|a long gown with flowing sleeves worn by monks, priests, or clergy.|an agricultural worker's smock; a smock-frock.|short for frock coat.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French froc, of Germanic origin. The sense ‘priest's or monk's gown’ is preserved in defrock .


word: FROG
russian_word: лягушка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɒɡ
phonetics_text: frɒɡ
definition:
a tailless amphibian with a short squat body, moist smooth skin, and very long hind legs for leaping.|a French person.

origin:
Old English frogga, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vors and German Frosch . Used as a general term of abuse in Middle English, the term was applied specifically to the Dutch in the 17th century; its application to the French (late 18th century) is partly alliterative, partly from the reputation of the French for eating frogs' legs.


word: FROLIC
russian_word: резвиться
example: Edward frolicked on the sand
definition: play or move about in a cheerful and lively way.
origin: early 16th century (as an adjective): from Dutch vrolijk ‘merry, cheerful’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɒlɪk
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒlɪk
synonyms:
frisk|gambol|cavort|caper|cut capers|sport|scamper|skip|dance|romp|trip|prance|leap|spring|hop|jump|bounce|bob|curvet|rollick|capriole


word: FROLICSOME
russian_word: шаловливый
definition: lively and playful.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɒlɪks(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒlɪks(ə)m
synonyms:
playful|frisky|fun-loving|jolly|merry|gleeful|light-hearted|exuberant|high-spirited|spirited|lively|perky|skittish|coltish|kittenish|mischievous|impish|roguish|prankish|waggish|jokey|peppy|zippy|full of beans|frolicky|gamesome|sportive|frolic|wanton


word: FROM
russian_word: от
origin: Old English fram, from, of Germanic origin; related to Old Norse frá (see fro).
part_of_speech: preposition
phonetic: frɒm
phonetics_text: frɒm|frəm
example:
she began to walk away from him|the show will run from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m|I'm from Hackney|men who ranged in age from seventeen to eighty-four|you can see the island from here|a paint made from a natural resin|the party was ousted from power after sixteen years|the story of how he was saved from death|a child suffering from asthma|information obtained from papers, books, and presentations|these fees are quite distinct from expenses

definition:
indicating the point in space at which a journey, motion, or action starts.|indicating the point in time at which a particular process, event, or activity starts.|indicating the source or provenance of someone or something.|indicating the starting point of a specified range on a scale.|indicating the point at which an observer is placed.|indicating the raw material out of which something is manufactured.|indicating separation or removal.|indicating prevention.|indicating a cause.|indicating a source of knowledge or the basis for one's judgement.|indicating a distinction.


word: FROM THE FIRST
russian_word: с самого начала
example: he should have realized it from the first
definition: from the beginning.
antonyms: the end
synonyms:
the beginning|the very beginning|the start|the outset|the commencement|the word go|square one|the off


word: FROM TIME TO TIME
russian_word: время от времени
definition: occasionally.
antonyms: constantly
synonyms:
sometimes|occasionally|(every) now and then/again|every so often|(every) once in a while|on occasion|on occasions|on the odd occasion|off and on|at times|at intervals|periodically|sporadically|spasmodically|erratically|irregularly|intermittently|in/by fits and starts|fitfully|discontinuously|piecemeal|interruptedly


word: FRONS
russian_word: лоб
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin, ‘front, forehead’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɒnz
phonetics_text: frɒnz
definition:
the forehead or equivalent part of an animal, especially the middle part of an insect's face between the eyes and above the clypeus.


word: FRONT
russian_word: фронт
antonyms: rear|back
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: frʌnt
phonetics_text: frʌnt
example:
a page at the front of the book had been torn out|his regiment was immediately sent to the front|she put on a brave front|he's got a bit of talent and a lot of front|the mark of fool set on his front

definition:
the side or part of an object that presents itself to view or that is normally seen or used first; the most forward part of something.|the foremost line or part of an armed force; the furthest position that an army has reached and where the enemy is or may be engaged.|an appearance or form of behaviour assumed by a person to conceal their genuine feelings.|boldness and confidence of manner.|a person's face or forehead.

synonyms:
forepart|fore|foremost part|anterior|forefront|nose|head|bow|prow|foreground|nearest part|closest part|sharp end|fore-end

origin:
Middle English (denoting the forehead): from Old French front (noun), fronter (verb), from Latin frons, front- ‘forehead, front’.


word: FRONTAL
russian_word: фронтальный
example: a frontal assault on the Maginot line
definition: of, at, or directed at the front.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrʌnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌnt(ə)l
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘relating to the forehead’): from modern Latin frontalis, from Latin frons, front- ‘front, forehead’.


word: FRONTIER
russian_word: граница
example: international crime knows no frontiers
definition: a line or border separating two countries.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French frontiere, based on Latin frons, front- ‘front’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌntɪə
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌntɪə|frʌnˈtɪə
synonyms:
border|boundary|partition|borderline|dividing line|bounding line|demarcation line|perimeter|limit|edge|rim|marches|bounds


word: FRONT
russian_word: фронт
antonyms: back on to
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: frʌnt
phonetics_text: frʌnt
example:
the flats which fronted Crow Road|a metal box fronted by an alloy panel|the group is fronted by two girl singers|he fronted for them in illegal property deals|parents get a bit worried if you don't front up now and then|the three velar consonants are normally fronted to some degree

definition:
(of a building or piece of land) have the front facing or directed towards.|provide (something) with a front or facing of a particular type or material.|lead or be the most prominent member in (an organization, group, or activity).|act as a front or cover for illegal or secret activity.|make an appearance; turn up.|articulate (a vowel sound) with the tongue further forward.|place (a sentence element) at the beginning of a sentence instead of in its usual position, typically for emphasis or as a feature of some dialects, as in horrible it was.

synonyms:
overlook|look on to|look out on|look out over|look towards|face (towards)|lie opposite (to)|have a view of|command a view of

origin:
Middle English (denoting the forehead): from Old French front (noun), fronter (verb), from Latin frons, front- ‘forehead, front’.


word: FRONTISPIECE
russian_word: фронтиспис
definition: an illustration facing the title page of a book.|the principal face of a building.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌntɪspiːs
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌntɪspiːs
origin:
late 16th century (in frontispiece (sense 2)): from French frontispice or late Latin frontispicium ‘facade’, from Latin frons, front- ‘front’ + specere ‘to look’. The change in the ending (early in the word's history) was by association with piece.


word: FRONTLET
russian_word: повязка на лбу
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌntlɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌntlɪt
definition:
an ornamental piece of cloth hanging over the upper part of an altar frontal.|a decorative band or ornament worn on the forehead.

origin:
late 15th century (in frontlet (sense 2)): from Old French frontelet, diminutive of frontel (see frontal2).


word: FRONTMAN
russian_word: фронтмен
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌntman
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌntman
example:
Harry wanted Teddy to act as the respectable frontman for his business interests|once again, Wigan's frontmen failed to take their chances

definition:
the lead singer of a pop or rock group.|a person who represents an organization and works to make its image more appealing to the public.|(in soccer) a forward or attacker.


word: FRONTON
russian_word: фронтон
definition: a building where pelota or jai alai is played.|another term for pediment.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌnt(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌnt(ə)n
origin:
late 17th century: from French, from Italian frontone, from fronte ‘forehead’, from Latin frons, front- ‘front, forehead’.


word: FROSH
russian_word: первокурсник
example: frosh week
definition: a college freshman.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frɒʃ
phonetics_text: frɒʃ
origin:
early 20th century: alteration of freshman, perhaps influenced by German Frosch ‘frog’ (in dialect use ‘grammar-school student’).


word: FROST
russian_word: мороз
example: the lanes were glistening with frost
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: frɒst
phonetics_text: frɒst
definition:
a deposit of small white ice crystals formed on the ground or other surfaces when the temperature falls below freezing.

synonyms:
ice crystals|ice|rime|rime ice|verglas|rime frost|white frost|black frost|hoar frost|ground frost|Jack Frost|hoar

origin:
Old English frost, forst, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vorst and German Frost, also to freeze.


word: FROSTBITE
russian_word: отмороженное место
example: when they rescued him he was suffering from frostbite
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɒs(t)bʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒs(t)bʌɪt
definition:
injury to body tissues caused by exposure to extreme cold, typically affecting the nose, fingers, or toes and often resulting in gangrene.


word: FROSTED
russian_word: матовое
example: I stood looking out on the frosted garden|a dessert of frosted redcurrants|pink frosted lipstick
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɒstɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒstɪd
definition:
covered with or as if with frost.|(of food) decorated or dusted with icing or sugar.|(of lipstick, eyeshadow, or nail varnish) having a pale, pearlescent sheen.


word: FROSTY
russian_word: морозный
example: a cold and frosty morning|Sebastian gave her a frosty look
definition: (of the weather) very cold, with frost forming on surfaces.|cold and unfriendly in manner.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɒsti
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒsti
synonyms:
freezing|frigid|glacial|arctic|wintry|bitter|bitterly cold|cold|ice-cold|icy-cold|cool|chilly|crisp|bleak|frozen|rimy|icy|nippy|parky|Baltic|frore|chill|gelid|brumal


word: FROTH
russian_word: пена
example: leave the yeast until there is a good head of froth
antonyms: nitty-gritty
synonyms: foam|lather|head|suds|bubbles|frothiness|fizz|effervescence|mousse|scum|spume
origin: late Middle English: from Old Norse frotha, frauth .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: frɒθ
phonetics_text: frɒθ
definition:
a mass of small bubbles in liquid caused by agitation, fermentation, or salivating.|worthless or insubstantial talk, ideas, or activities.


word: FROTHY
russian_word: пенистый
example: steaming mugs of frothy coffee|lots of frothy interviews
definition: full of or covered with a mass of small bubbles.|light and entertaining but of little substance.
antonyms: flat|still
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfrɒθi
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒθi
synonyms:
foaming|foamy|bubbling|bubbly|fizzy|sparkling|effervescent|gassy|carbonated|aerated|creamy|yeasty|sudsy|spumy|spumous


word: FROTTAGE
russian_word: поглаживание
origin: 1930s: French, ‘rubbing, friction’, from frotter ‘to rub’, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrɒtɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ˈfrɒtɑːʒ
definition:
the technique or process of taking a rubbing from an uneven surface to form the basis of a work of art.|the practice of touching or rubbing against the clothed body of another person in a crowd as a means of obtaining sexual gratification.


word: FROUNCE
russian_word: завивать
origin: late Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fraʊns
phonetics_text: fraʊns
definition:
a form of trichomoniasis affecting hawks, resulting in a sore with a cheesy secretion in the mouth or throat.


word: FROWN
russian_word: хмуриться
example: he frowned as he reread the letter
definition: furrow one's brows in an expression indicating disapproval, displeasure, or concentration.
antonyms: smile
origin: late Middle English: from Old French froignier, from froigne ‘surly look’, of Celtic origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fraʊn
phonetics_text: fraʊn
synonyms:
scowl|glower|glare|lour|look sullen|make a face|look daggers|give someone black looks|knit/furrow one's brows|give someone dirty looks|give someone a death stare


word: FROWNING
russian_word: хмурый
example: unfortunately, frowning is contagious
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfraʊnɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfraʊnɪŋ
definition:
the action of forming an expression of disapproval, displeasure, or concentration by furrowing one's brows.


word: FROWSTY
russian_word: спертый
example: a small, frowsty office
definition: having a stale, warm, and stuffy atmosphere.
antonyms: airy|ventilated
origin: mid 19th century (originally dialect): variant of frowzy.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfraʊsti
phonetics_text: ˈfraʊsti
synonyms:
stuffy|musty|airless|unventilated|fusty|close|muggy|stifling|suffocating|oppressive|stale|stagnant|smelly|funky|claggy|mucid


word: FROWZY
russian_word: спертый
example: seedy-looking doormen in frowzy uniforms
definition: scruffy and neglected in appearance.
antonyms: tidy
origin: late 17th century (originally dialect): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfraʊzi
phonetics_text: ˈfraʊzi
synonyms:
scruffy|unkempt|untidy|sloppy|messy|dishevelled|slovenly|slatternly|bedraggled|down at heel|ill-dressed|badly dressed|dowdy|raggedy


word: FRUCTIFICATION
russian_word: плодоношение
definition: the process of fructifying.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfrʌktɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌfrʌktɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late 15th century: from late Latin fructificatio(n- ), from Latin fructificare ‘fructify’, from fructus ‘fruit’.


word: FRUGAL
russian_word: скромный
example: I'm a bit too frugal to splash out on designer clothes
definition: sparing or economical as regards money or food.
antonyms: extravagant
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin frugalis, from frugi ‘economical, thrifty’, from frux, frug- ‘fruit’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfruːɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfruːɡ(ə)l
synonyms:
thrifty|sparing|economical|saving|careful|cautious|prudent|provident|unwasteful|sensible|canny|abstemious|abstinent|austere|self-denying|ascetic|non-indulgent|self-disciplined|spartan|puritanical|nunlike|monklike|monastic|monkish|miserly|parsimonious|niggardly|scrimping|cheese-paring|penny-pinching|close-fisted|ungenerous|grasping|forehanded|tight-fisted|tight|mingy|stingy|cheap


word: FRUGALITY
russian_word: бережливость
example: he scorned the finer things in life and valued frugality and simplicity
definition: the quality of being economical with money or food; thriftiness.
antonyms: extravagance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fruːˈɡalɪti
phonetics_text: fruːˈɡalɪti
synonyms:
thriftiness|carefulness|scrimping and saving|conservation|good management|caution|prudence|providence|canniness|abstemiousness|abstinence|austerity|asceticism|self-discipline|restraint|moderation|puritanism|monasticism|monkishness|miserliness|meanness|parsimoniousness|niggardliness|close-fistedness|tight-fistedness|tightness|stinginess|sparingness


word: FRUIT
russian_word: фрукты
example: tropical fruits such as mangoes and papaya
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fruːt
phonetics_text: fruːt
definition:
the sweet and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seed and can be eaten as food.|a gay man.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French, from Latin fructus ‘enjoyment of produce, harvest’, from frui ‘enjoy’, related to fruges ‘fruits of the earth’, plural (and most common form) of frux, frug- ‘fruit’.


word: FRUITER
russian_word: плодовое дерево
example: a prolific fruiter
definition: a tree producing fruit at a specified time or in a specified manner.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfruːtə
phonetics_text: ˈfruːtə
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘fruit grower’): from Old French fruitier, from fruit ‘fruit’; in later use from fruit + -er1. The current sense dates from the 19th century.


word: FRUITFUL
russian_word: плодотворный
example: this seed will grow into a lovely fruitful tree
definition: (of a tree, plant, or land) producing much fruit; fertile.
antonyms: infertile
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfruːtfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈfruːtfʊl|ˈfruːtf(ə)l
synonyms:
fruit-bearing|fructiferous|fruiting|fertile|fecund|high-yielding|lush|abundant|profuse|prolific|bounteous|generative|progenitive|fructuous


word: FRUITION
russian_word: осуществление
definition: the realization or fulfilment of a plan or project.|the state or action of producing fruit.
antonyms: inception
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frʊˈɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: frʊˈɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the plans have come to fruition rather sooner than expected|the apples in the orchards gave a suggestion of sour fruition

synonyms:
fulfilment|realization|actualization|materialization|achievement|attainment|accomplishment|resolution|success|completion|consummation|conclusion|close|finish|perfection|maturity|maturation|ripening|ripeness|effecting|implementation|execution|performance|winding up|sewing up|polishing off|effectuation|reification

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘enjoyment’): via Old French from late Latin fruitio(n- ), from frui ‘enjoy’ (see fruit); the current senses (dating from the late 19th century) arose by association with fruit.


word: FRUITLESS
russian_word: бесплодный
example: his fruitless attempts to publish poetry|a banana leaf from a fruitless palm
antonyms: fruitful|productive
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfruːtləs
phonetics_text: ˈfruːtləs
definition:
failing to achieve the desired results; unproductive or useless.|(of a tree or plant) not producing fruit.

synonyms:
futile|vain|in vain|to no avail|to no effect|idle|pointless|useless|worthless|needless|wasted|hollow|ineffectual|ineffective|inefficacious|unproductive|unrewarding|profitless|unsuccessful|unavailing|barren|for naught|abortive|bootless


word: FRUITY
russian_word: фруктовый
example: fruity cocktails|Jeffery had a wonderfully fruity voice|a kind of fruity professor
antonyms: thin
synonyms: tasting of fruit|containing fruit
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfruːti
phonetics_text: ˈfruːti
definition:
(especially of food or drink) resembling or containing fruit.|(of a voice or sound) mellow, deep, and rich.|eccentric or crazy.|relating to or associated with gay people.


word: FRUMENTY
russian_word: сладкая пшеничная каша на молоке, приправленная корицей
origin: late Middle English: from Old French frumentee, from frument, from Latin frumentum ‘corn’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfruːm(ə)nti
phonetics_text: ˈfruːm(ə)nti
definition:
an old-fashioned dish consisting of hulled wheat boiled in milk and seasoned with cinnamon and sugar.


word: FRUMP
russian_word: насмехаться
definition: an unattractive woman who wears dowdy old-fashioned clothes.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frʌmp
phonetics_text: frʌmp
origin:
mid 16th century: probably a contraction of late Middle English frumple  ‘wrinkle’, from Middle Dutch verrompelen . The word originally denoted a mocking speech or action; later (in the plural) ill humour, the sulks; hence a bad-tempered, (later) dowdy woman (early 19th century).


word: FRUSEMIDE
russian_word: фуросемид
definition: a synthetic compound with a strong diuretic action, used especially in the treatment of oedema.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfruːsəmʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈfruːsəmʌɪd
origin:
1960s: from fru- (alteration of fur(yl), denoting a radical derived from furan) + sem- (of unknown origin) + -ide.


word: FRUSTRATE
russian_word: срывать
antonyms: help|facilitate
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
example:
the rescue attempt was frustrated by bad weather|it frustrated me that more couldn't be done for her

definition:
prevent (a plan or attempted action) from progressing, succeeding, or being fulfilled.|cause (someone) to feel upset or annoyed as a result of being unable to change or achieve something.

synonyms:
thwart|defeat|foil|block|stop|put a stop to|counter|spoil|check|balk|circumvent|disappoint|forestall|bar|dash|scotch|quash|crush|derail|nip in the bud|baffle|nullify|snooker|obstruct|impede|hamper|hinder|stifle|fetter|hamstring|cripple|put a brake on|stand in the way of|spike someone's guns|stymie|foul up|screw up|put the kibosh on|put the lid on|banjax|do for|scupper

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin frustrat- ‘disappointed’, from the verb frustrare, from frustra ‘in vain’.


word: FRUSTRATED
russian_word: несостоявшийся
example: young people get frustrated with the system|a frustrated actor
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: frʌˈstreɪtɪd
phonetics_text: frʌˈstreɪtɪd
definition:
feeling or expressing distress and annoyance resulting from an inability to change or achieve something.|(of a person) unable to follow or be successful in a particular career.


word: FRUSTRATINGLY
russian_word: удручающе
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: frʌˈstreɪtɪŋli
phonetics_text: frʌˈstreɪtɪŋli
example:
the film is frustratingly undercut by a lack of artistic daring|frustratingly, we do not learn the actual outcome

definition:
in a way that causes irritation or frustration.|used to express irritation or frustration at a situation or event.


word: FRUSTRATION
russian_word: разочарование
example: tears of frustration rolled down her cheeks|the frustration of their wishes
antonyms: satisfaction
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin frustratio(n- ), from frustrare ‘disappoint’ (see frustrate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: frʌˈstreɪʃn
phonetics_text: frʌˈstreɪʃn
definition:
the feeling of being upset or annoyed as a result of being unable to change or achieve something.|the prevention of the progress, success, or fulfilment of something.

synonyms:
exasperation|annoyance|anger|vexation|irritation|bitterness|resentment|disappointment|discouragement|disheartenment|dispiritedness|depression|dissatisfaction|discontentment|discontent|aggravation


word: FRUSTUM
russian_word: усеченный
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, ‘piece cut off’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfrʌstəm
phonetics_text: ˈfrʌstəm
definition:
the portion of a cone or pyramid which remains after its upper part has been cut off by a plane parallel to its base, or which is intercepted between two such planes.


word: FUCHSIA
russian_word: фуксия
origin: modern Latin, named in honour of Leonhard Fuchs (1501–66), German botanist.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːʃə
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːʃə
definition:
a shrub with pendulous tubular flowers that are typically of two contrasting colours. They are native to America and New Zealand and are commonly grown as ornamentals.


word: FUCHSIN
russian_word: фуксин
definition: a deep red synthetic dye used as a biological stain and disinfectant.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfuːksiːn
phonetics_text: ˈfuːksiːn
origin:
mid 19th century: from German Fuchs ‘fox’, translating French Renard (the name of the chemical company which first produced fuchsin commercially) + -in1.


word: FUCK
russian_word: ебать
definition: have sex with (someone).|damage or ruin (something).
part_of_speech: verb|noun|exclamation
phonetic: fʌk
phonetics_text: fʌk
origin:
early 16th century: of Germanic origin (compare Swedish dialect focka and Dutch dialect fokkelen ); possibly from an Indo-European root meaning ‘strike’, shared by Latin pugnus ‘fist’.


word: FUCUS
russian_word: фукус
definition: a seaweed of a large genus of brown algae having flat leathery fronds.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːkəs
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːkəs
origin:
early 17th century (denoting a cosmetic): from Latin, ‘rock lichen, red dye, rouge’, from Greek phukos ‘seaweed’, of Semitic origin.


word: FUDDLED
russian_word: подвыпивший
example: fuddled drinkers spilt their brandy and slid beneath the table
definition: confused or stupefied, especially as a result of drinking alcohol.
antonyms: clear|sharp
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌdld
phonetics_text: ˈfʌdld
synonyms:
stupefied|addled|befuddled|confused|muddled|bewildered|dumbfounded|dazed|stunned|dizzy|muzzy|groggy|foggy|fuzzy|vague|disorientated|disoriented|all at sea|mixed up|at a loss|at sixes and sevens|dopey|woozy|woolly-minded|discombobulated|fazed|not with it


word: FUDDY-DUDDY
russian_word: критикан
example: he probably thinks I'm an old fuddy-duddy
definition: a person who is old-fashioned and fussy.
origin: early 20th century (originally dialect): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌdɪdʌdi
phonetics_text: ˈfʌdɪdʌdi
synonyms:
fogy|conservative|traditionalist|conformist|museum piece|fossil|dinosaur|troglodyte|stick-in-the-mud|square|stuffed shirt|back number|dodo|sobersides


word: FUDGE
russian_word: помадка
example: the new settlement is a fudge rushed out to win cheers at the conference
antonyms: straightforwardness
synonyms: chewy sweet|toffee
part_of_speech: noun|verb|exclamation
phonetic: fʌdʒ
phonetics_text: fʌdʒ
definition:
a soft crumbly or chewy sweet made from sugar, butter, and milk or cream.|an attempt to fudge an issue.|a piece of late news inserted in a newspaper page.

origin:
early 17th century: probably an alteration of obsolete fadge  ‘to fit’. Early usage was as a verb in the sense ‘turn out as expected’, also ‘merge together’: this probably gave rise to its use in confectionery. In the late 17th century the verb came to mean ‘fit together in a clumsy or underhand manner’, which included facts or figures being cobbled together in a superficially convincing way: this led to the exclamation ‘fudge!’ and to noun fudge (sense 3 of the noun).


word: FUGACITY
russian_word: фугитивность
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjʊˈɡasɪti
phonetics_text: fjʊˈɡasɪti
definition:
the quality of being fleeting or evanescent.|a thermodynamic property of a real gas which if substituted for the pressure or partial pressure in the equations for an ideal gas gives equations applicable to the real gas.


word: FUGGY
russian_word: спертый
example: it was fuggy in the cabin
definition: (of a room or atmosphere) warm, stuffy, or smoky.
antonyms: airy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌɡi
phonetics_text: ˈfʌɡi
synonyms:
stuffy|smoky|close|muggy|stale|fusty|unventilated|airless|suffocating|stifling|oppressive|heavy|claggy


word: FUGLEMAN
russian_word: вожак
origin: early 19th century: from German Flügelmann ‘leader of the file’, from Flügel ‘wing’ + Mann ‘man’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːɡ(ə)lmən
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːɡ(ə)lmən
definition:
a soldier who stands in front of a regiment or company to demonstrate and maintain time in drilling exercises.


word: FUGU
russian_word: фугу
example: paper-thin slices of fugu
origin: from Japanese.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfuːɡuː
phonetics_text: ˈfuːɡuː
definition:
a pufferfish that is eaten as a Japanese delicacy, after some highly poisonous parts have been removed.


word: FUGUE
russian_word: фуга
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjuːɡ
phonetics_text: fjuːɡ
definition:
a contrapuntal composition in which a short melody or phrase (the subject) is introduced by one part and successively taken up by others and developed by interweaving the parts.|a loss of awareness of one's identity, often coupled with flight from one's usual environment, associated with certain forms of hysteria and epilepsy.

origin:
late 16th century: from French, or from Italian fuga, from Latin fuga ‘flight’, related to fugere ‘flee’.


word: FULCRUM
russian_word: точка опоры
definition: the point against which a lever is placed to get a purchase, or on which it turns or is supported.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊlkrəm
phonetics_text: ˈfʊlkrəm|ˈfʌlkrəm
origin:
late 17th century (originally in the general sense ‘a prop or support’): from Latin, literally ‘post of a couch’, from fulcire ‘to prop up’.


word: FULFIL
russian_word: выполнять
antonyms: fail in
origin: late Old English fullfyllan ‘fill up, make full’ (see full1, fill).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fʊlˈfɪl
phonetics_text: fʊlˈfɪl
example:
he wouldn't be able to fulfil his ambition to visit Naples|some officials were dismissed because they could not fulfil their duties

definition:
achieve or realize (something desired, promised, or predicted).|carry out (a duty or role) as required, promised, or expected.

synonyms:
succeed in|attain|realize|consummate|satisfy|manage|bring off|bring about|carry off|carry out|carry through|bring to fruition|deliver|pull something off|clinch


word: FULFILLED
russian_word: выполнены
example: I am confident in this role and feel fulfilled
definition: satisfied or happy because of fully developing one's abilities or character.
antonyms: unfulfilled|discontented
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fʊlˈfɪld
phonetics_text: fʊlˈfɪld
synonyms:
satisfied|content|contented|happy|pleased|gratified|comfortable|serene|placid|untroubled|at ease|at peace


word: FULFILMENT
russian_word: выполнение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fʊlˈfɪlmənt
phonetics_text: fʊlˈfɪlmənt
example:
winning the championship was the fulfilment of a childhood dream|the fulfilment of statutory requirements

definition:
the achievement of something desired, promised, or predicted.|the meeting of a requirement, condition, or need.


word: FULGURATE
russian_word: сверкнуть молнией
definition: destroy (small growths or areas of tissue) using diathermy.|flash like lightning.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfʌlɡjʊreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfʌlɡjʊreɪt
example:
a high-frequency electric current is applied to fulgurate the biological tissue|the cut-glass chandeliers fulgurated


word: FULGURATION
russian_word: бликование
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfʌlɡjʊˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌfʌlɡjʊˈreɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the destruction of small growths or areas of tissue using diathermy.|a flash like that of lightning.

origin:
mid 17th century (usually plural in the sense ‘flashes of lightning’): from Latin fulguratio(n- ) ‘sheet lightning’, from fulgur ‘lightning’. fulguration (sense 1) dates from the early 20th century.


word: FULIGINOUS
russian_word: фулигинозный
definition: sooty; dusky.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fjuːˈlɪdʒɪnəs
phonetics_text: fjuːˈlɪdʒɪnəs
origin:
late 16th century (originally describing a vapour as ‘thick and noxious’): from late Latin fuliginosus, from fuligo, fuligin- ‘soot’.


word: FULL
russian_word: полный
example: waste bins full of rubbish|a full range of sports facilities|she had full lips
antonyms: empty
origin: Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vol and German voll .
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|noun|verb
phonetic: fʊl
phonetics_text: fʊl
definition:
containing or holding as much or as many as possible; having no empty space.|not lacking or omitting anything; complete.|(of a person's figure or part of the body) plump or rounded.

synonyms:
filled|filled up|filled to capacity|filled to the brim|brimming|brimful|overflowing|running over|topped up|crowded|packed|crammed|cramped|congested|crushed|solid (with people)|full of people|full to capacity|full to bursting|overfull|teeming|swarming|overcrowded|thronged|mobbed|jam-packed|wall-to-wall|stuffed|chock-a-block|chock-full|bursting at the seams|bulging at the seams|packed to the gunwales|like Piccadilly Circus|heaving|occupied|taken|in use|engaged|unavailable|well stocked|well supplied|loaded|burdened|stacked


word: FULL-BLOODED
russian_word: полнокровный
example: a full-blooded Cherokee|a full-blooded performance
definition: of unmixed ancestry.|vigorous, enthusiastic, and without compromise.
antonyms: half-hearted
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
all out|complete|total|uncompromising|committed|out and out|thorough|thoroughgoing|vigorous|strenuous|intense|unrestrained|uncontrolled|unbridled|hard-hitting|pulling no punches


word: FULLERENE
russian_word: фуллерен
origin: 1980s: contraction of buckminsterfullerene.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊləriːn
phonetics_text: ˈfʊləriːn
definition:
a form of carbon having a large spheroidal molecule consisting of a hollow cage of sixty or more atoms, of which buckminsterfullerene was the first known example. Fullerenes are produced chiefly by the action of an arc discharge between carbon electrodes in an inert atmosphere.


word: FULL-GROWN
russian_word: взрослый
example: Alison still treats Trevor as though he wasn't a full-grown adult
definition: having reached maturity.
antonyms: infant|immature
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fʊlˈɡrəʊn
phonetics_text: fʊlˈɡrəʊn
synonyms:
adult|mature|grown-up|of age|having reached one's majority|fully grown|fully developed|fully fledged|in full bloom|ripe|in one's prime


word: FULLNESS
russian_word: полнота
example: scores of tins in different states of fullness|the childish fullness of his cheeks
antonyms: thinness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊlnəs
phonetics_text: ˈfʊlnəs
definition:
the state of being filled to capacity.|the state of being filled out so as to produce a rounded shape.

synonyms:
roundedness|roundness|plumpness|buxomness|shapeliness|ampleness|curvaceousness|voluptuousness|womanliness|bustiness|chestiness|curviness


word: FULLY
russian_word: полностью
example: I fully understand the fears of the workers|fully 65 per cent of all funerals are by cremation
definition: completely or entirely; to the fullest extent.|no less or fewer than (used to emphasize an amount).
antonyms: partially
origin: Old English fullīce (see full1, -ly2).
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfʊli
phonetics_text: ˈfʊli
synonyms:
completely|entirely|wholly|totally|thoroughly|quite|utterly|perfectly|altogether|exhaustively|extensively|intimately|in all respects|in every respect|without reservation|without exception|lock|stock|and barrel|from first to last|to the hilt|dead|totes


word: FULMAR
russian_word: глупыш
definition: a gull-sized grey and white seabird of the petrel family, with a stocky body and tubular nostrils.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊlmə
phonetics_text: ˈfʊlmə
origin:
late 17th century: from Hebridean Norn dialect, from Old Norse fúll ‘stinking, foul’ (because of its habit of regurgitating its stomach contents when disturbed) + már ‘gull’.


word: FULMINANT
russian_word: молниеносный
definition: (of a disease or symptom) severe and sudden in onset.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʊlmɪnənt
phonetics_text: ˈfʊlmɪnənt|ˈfʌlmɪnənt
origin:
early 17th century: from French, or from Latin fulminant- ‘striking with lightning’, from the verb fulminare (see fulminate).


word: FULMINATE
russian_word: громить
example: he fulminated against the evils of his time|thunder fulminated around the house
definition: express vehement protest.|explode violently or flash like lightning.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈfʊlmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfʊlmɪneɪt|ˈfʌlmɪneɪt
synonyms:
protest|rail|rage|rant|thunder|storm|declaim|inveigh|speak out|make/take a stand|denounce|decry|condemn|criticize|censure|disparage|attack|execrate|arraign|mouth off about|kick up a fuss/stink about|go on about|animadvert|excoriate|vociferate about|vituperate

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin fulminat- ‘struck by lightning’, from fulmen, fulmin- ‘lightning’. The earliest sense (derived from medieval Latin fulminare ) was ‘denounce formally’, later ‘issue formal censures’ (originally said of the Pope). A sense ‘emit thunder and lightning’, based on the original Latin meaning, arose in the early 17th century, and hence ‘explode violently’ (late 17th century).


word: FULMINATING
russian_word: гремучий
definition: expressing vehement protest.|(of a disease or symptom) having developed suddenly and severely.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʊlmɪneɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfʊlmɪneɪtɪŋ|ˈfʌlmɪneɪtɪŋ
example:
public discourse on the subject has been dominated by fulminating politicians|fulminating appendicitis


word: FULMINATION
russian_word: инициирование взрыва
definition: an expression of vehement protest.|a violent explosion or a flash like lightning.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfʊlmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌfʊlmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n|ˌfʌlmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the fulminations of media moralists|a second of silence, not long enough for the echo of the previous fulminations to fade away

synonyms:
protest|objection|complaint|rant|denunciation|condemnation|criticism|censure|disparagement|attack|broadside|decrying|railing|invective|tirade|diatribe|harangue|philippic|obloquy|execration|arraignment|brickbat|tongue-lashing|bashing|blast|slating|excoriation|vociferation|vituperation


word: FULSOME
russian_word: неискренний
example: the press are embarrassingly fulsome in their appreciation|the fulsome details of the later legend
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘abundant’): from full1 + -some1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʊls(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈfʊls(ə)m
definition:
complimentary or flattering to an excessive degree.|of large size or quantity; generous or abundant.

synonyms:
enthusiastic|ample|profuse|extensive|generous|liberal|lavish|glowing|gushing|gushy|excessive|extravagant|overdone|immoderate|inordinate|over-appreciative|fawning|ingratiating|adulatory|laudatory|acclamatory|eulogistic|rapturous|flattering|complimentary|effusive|cloying|unctuous|saccharine|sugary|honeyed|over the top|OTT|buttery|encomiastic


word: FUMAROLE
russian_word: фумарола
definition: an opening in or near a volcano, through which hot sulphurous gases emerge.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːmərəʊl
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːmərəʊl
origin:
early 19th century: from obsolete Italian fumaruolo, from late Latin fumariolum ‘vent, hole for smoke’, a diminutive based on Latin fumus ‘smoke’.


word: FUMBLE
russian_word: шарить
example: she fumbled with the lock
definition: do or handle something clumsily.
origin: late Middle English: from Low German fommeln or Dutch fommelen .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈfʌmb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfʌmb(ə)l
synonyms:
grope|feel about|search blindly|scrabble around|muddle around|fish|delve|cast about for|cast round for|cast around for|grabble for


word: FUMIGATE
russian_word: окуривать
example: we got sulphur candles to fumigate the house
definition: disinfect or purify (an area) with the fumes of certain chemicals.
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin fumigat- ‘fumigated’, from the verb fumigare, from fumus ‘smoke’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfjuːmɪɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːmɪɡeɪt
synonyms:
disinfect|purify|sterilize|sanitize|sanitate|decontaminate|cleanse|clean out|smoke out|depollute|depurate|deterge


word: FUMIGATION
russian_word: окуривание
example: the students are part of an effort to eliminate mosquitoes through fumigation
definition: the action or process of disinfecting or purifying an area with the fumes of certain chemicals.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjuːmɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: fjuːmɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘the action of perfuming’): from Latin fumigatio(n-), from the verb fumigare, from fumus ‘smoke’.


word: FUMITORY
russian_word: дымянка аптечная
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːmɪt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːmɪt(ə)ri
definition:
an Old World plant with spikes of small tubular pink or white flowers and finely divided greyish leaves, often considered a weed.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French fumeterre, from medieval Latin fumus terrae ‘smoke of the earth’ (because of its greyish leaves).


word: FUN
russian_word: веселье
example: the children were having fun in the play area
definition: enjoyment, amusement, or light-hearted pleasure.
antonyms: boredom|misery
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: fʌn
phonetics_text: fʌn
synonyms:
pleasure|entertainment|enjoyment|amusement|excitement|gratification|jollification|merrymaking|leisure|relaxation|relief|respite|rest|refreshment|recreation|diversion|distraction|good time|great time|R and R (rest and recreation)|living it up|junketing|a ball|whoopee|beer and skittles|merriment|cheerfulness|cheeriness|cheer|joy|jollity|joviality|jocularity|high spirits|gaiety|mirth|mirthfulness|laughter|hilarity|glee|gladness|light-heartedness|levity|vivacity|liveliness|exuberance|ebullience|buoyancy|perkiness|zest|sunniness|brightness|enthusiasm|vibrancy|vividness|vitality|energy|vigour|vim|sport

origin:
late 17th century (denoting a trick or hoax): from obsolete fun ‘to cheat or hoax’, dialect variant of late Middle English fon ‘make a fool of, be a fool’, related to fon ‘a fool’, of unknown origin. Compare with fond.


word: FUNAMBULIST
russian_word: канатоходец
definition: a tightrope walker.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjuːˈnambjʊlɪst
phonetics_text: fjuːˈnambjʊlɪst
origin:
late 18th century: from French funambule or Latin funambulus (from funis ‘rope’ + ambulare ‘to walk’) + -ist.


word: FUNCTION
russian_word: функция
antonyms: cause
origin: mid 16th century: from French fonction, from Latin functio(n- ), from fungi ‘perform’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n
example:
bridges perform the function of providing access across water|the function (bx + c)|class shame is a function of social power|he was obliged to attend party functions

definition:
an activity that is natural to or the purpose of a person or thing.|a relation or expression involving one or more variables.|a thing dependent on another factor or factors.|a large or formal social event or ceremony.

synonyms:
purpose|task|use|role|reason|basis|justification|responsibility|duty|concern|province|aim|activity|assignment|obligation|charge|chore|job|errand|mission|detail|undertaking|commission|capacity|post|situation|office|occupation|employment|business|operation|raison d'être|line of country|thing|bag|pigeon


word: FUNCTIONAL
russian_word: функциональный
antonyms: ornate|impractical
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n(ə)l
example:
a functional role|a small, functional bathroom|the museum will be fully functional from the opening of the festival|using functional notation, we can write—where L is the transactions demand for money

definition:
of or having a special activity, purpose, or task.|designed to be practical and useful, rather than attractive.|in operation; working.|relating to a variable quantity whose value depends upon one or more other variables.

synonyms:
practical|useful|utilitarian|utility|workaday|serviceable|minimalist|plain|simple|basic|severe|spartan|ascetic|bare|modest|unadorned|undecorated|unornamented|unembellished|unostentatious|uncluttered|unfussy|without frills|impersonal|characterless|soulless|colourless|institutional|antiseptic|clinical|no frills


word: FUNCTIONALISM
russian_word: функционализм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n(ə)lɪz(ə)m
definition:
the theory that the design of an object should be determined by its function rather than by aesthetic considerations, and that anything practically designed will be inherently beautiful.|the theory that all aspects of a society serve a function and are necessary for the survival of that society.|(in the philosophy of mind) the theory that mental states can be sufficiently defined by their cause, their effect on other mental states, and their effect on behaviour.


word: FUNCTIONALITY
russian_word: функциональность
example: I like the feel and functionality of this bakeware|new software with additional functionality
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fʌŋkʃəˈnaləti
phonetics_text: fʌŋkʃəˈnaləti
definition:
the quality of being suited to serve a purpose well; practicality.|the range of operations that can be run on a computer or other electronic system.


word: FUNCTIONALLY
russian_word: функционально
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)nəli
phonetics_text: ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃ(ə)nəli
example:
the parish clergy was socially and functionally differentiated|a functionally designed two-bedroom apartment

definition:
in a way that relates to the purpose or use of something.|in a way that is practical and useful, rather than attractive.


word: FUNCTIONARY
russian_word: функционер
definition: a person who has to perform official functions or duties; an official.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌn(k)ʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈfʌn(k)ʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
synonyms:
official|office-bearer|office-holder|public servant|civil servant|bureaucrat|administrator|apparatchik|jack-in-office


word: FUND
russian_word: фонд
example: he had set up a fund to coordinate economic investment
definition: a sum of money saved or made available for a particular purpose.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fʌnd
phonetics_text: fʌnd
synonyms:
collection|kitty|reserve|pool|purse|endowment|foundation|trust|charity|grant|investment|capital|savings|nest egg|stash

origin:
early 17th century (in sense ‘source or supply of material things’): from Latin fundus ‘bottom, base, landed estate’.


word: FUNDAMENT
russian_word: зад
definition: the foundation or basis of something.|a person's buttocks or anus.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌndəm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈfʌndəm(ə)nt
origin:
Middle English (also denoting the base of a building, or the founding of a building or institution): from Old French fondement, from Latin fundamentum, from fundare ‘to found’.


word: FUNDAMENTAL
russian_word: фундаментальный
example: the protection of fundamental human rights
definition: forming a necessary base or core; of central importance.
antonyms: secondary|unimportant
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: fʌndəˈmɛnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: fʌndəˈmɛnt(ə)l
synonyms:
basic|foundational|rudimentary|elemental|elementary|underlying|basal|radical|root|primary|cardinal|initial|original|prime|first|primitive|primordial|principal|chief|capital|key|central|structural|organic|constitutional|inherent|intrinsic|ingrained|vital|essential|important|indispensable|necessary|crucial|pivotal|critical

origin:
late Middle English: from French fondamental, or late Latin fundamentalis, from Latin fundamentum, from fundare ‘to found’.


word: FUNDAMENTALISM
russian_word: фундаментализм
example: there was religious pluralism there at a time when the rest of Europe was torn by fundamentalism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fʌndəˈmɛnt(ə)lɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: fʌndəˈmɛnt(ə)lɪz(ə)m
definition:
a form of a religion, especially Islam or Protestant Christianity, that upholds belief in the strict, literal interpretation of scripture.


word: FUNDAMENTALLY
russian_word: принципиально
example: two fundamentally different concepts of democracy
definition: in central or primary respects.
antonyms: superficially|ostensibly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: fʌndəˈmɛntəli
phonetics_text: fʌndəˈmɛntəli
synonyms:
basically|elementally|radically|structurally|organically|constitutionally|inherently|intrinsically|materially|vitally|essentially|crucially|centrally|critically|in essence|at heart|at bottom|deep down|principally|predominantly|above all|first of all|most of all|first and foremost|on the whole|by and large|substantially|au fond|at the end of the day|when all is said and done|when you get right down to it


word: FUNDHOLDING
russian_word: фондодержание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌndhəʊldɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfʌndhəʊldɪŋ
definition:
(in the UK) a former system of state funding for general practitioners, in which a GP was allocated a budget with which they could buy a limited range of hospital services.


word: FUNDUS
russian_word: дно
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, literally ‘bottom’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌndəs
phonetics_text: ˈfʌndəs
definition:
the part of a hollow organ (such as the uterus or the gall bladder) that is furthest from the opening.


word: FUNERAL
russian_word: похороны
example: in the afternoon, he'd attended a funeral
antonyms: exhumation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːn(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːn(ə)r(ə)l
definition:
a ceremony or service held shortly after a person's death, usually including the person's burial or cremation.

synonyms:
burial|burying|interment|entombment|committal|inhumation|laying to rest|consignment to the grave|cremation|funeral rites|obsequies|last offices|wake|vigil|sepulture|exequies

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French funeraille, from medieval Latin funeralia, neuter plural of late Latin funeralis, from Latin funus, funer- ‘funeral, death, corpse’.


word: FUNEREAL
russian_word: похоронный
example: Erika was moving at a funereal pace
definition: having the mournful, sombre character appropriate to a funeral.
antonyms: cheerful|lively
origin: early 18th century: from Latin funereus (from funus, funer- ‘funeral’) + -al.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fjuːˈnɪərɪəl
phonetics_text: fjuːˈnɪərɪəl
synonyms:
solemn|sombre|grave|serious|gloomy|dismal|doleful|dreary|sad|cheerless|joyless|bleak|melancholy|miserable|morose|sorrowful|morbid|maudlin|dark|depressing|woeful|lugubrious|sepulchral|dolorous|exequial|funebrial|black|drab


word: FUNGIBLE
russian_word: заменяемый
example: it is by no means the world's only fungible commodity
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌn(d)ʒɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfʌn(d)ʒɪb(ə)l
definition:
(of goods contracted for without an individual specimen being specified) replaceable by another identical item; mutually interchangeable.

origin:
late 17th century: from medieval Latin fungibilis, from fungi ‘perform, enjoy’, with the same sense as fungi vice ‘serve in place of’.


word: FUNGUS
russian_word: грибок
example: truffles are fungi but not mushrooms
synonyms: mushroom|toadstool|mould|mildew|rust|fungal disease|rot|decay|mycelium|saprophyte
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, perhaps from Greek spongos (see sponge).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌŋɡəs
phonetics_text: ˈfʌŋɡəs
definition:
any of a group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including moulds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.


word: FUNHOUSE
russian_word: кривое
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌnhaʊs
phonetics_text: ˈfʌnhaʊs
definition:
(in an amusement park) a building equipped with trick mirrors, shifting floors, and other devices designed to scare or amuse people as they walk through.


word: FUNICULAR
russian_word: фуникулер
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: fjʊˈnɪkjʊlə
phonetics_text: fjʊˈnɪkjʊlə|fəˈnɪkjʊlə
definition:
(of a railway, especially one on a mountainside) operating by cable with ascending and descending cars counterbalanced.|relating to a rope or its tension.

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘of or like a cord or thread’): from Latin funiculus (diminutive of funis ‘rope’) + -ar1.


word: FUNICULUS
russian_word: жгутик
origin: mid 17th century: from Latin, diminutive of funis ‘rope’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjʊˈnɪkjʊləs
phonetics_text: fjʊˈnɪkjʊləs
definition:
a bundle of nerve fibres enclosed in a sheath of connective tissue, or forming one of the main tracts of white matter in the spinal cord.


word: FUNK
russian_word: испуг
definition: a state of great fear or panic.|a coward.
synonyms: panic|state of fear|fluster|cold sweat|flap|state|tizzy|tizz|tiz-woz|dither|stew|blue funk|twit
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fʌŋk
phonetics_text: fʌŋk
example:
are you in a blue funk about running out of things to say?|I sit shuddering, too much of a funk to fight

origin:
mid 18th century (first recorded as Oxford University slang): perhaps from funk2 in the slang sense ‘tobacco smoke’, or from obsolete Flemish fonck ‘disturbance, agitation’.


word: FUNNEL
russian_word: воронка
synonyms: tube|pipe|channel|conduit
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfʌn(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfʌn(ə)l
definition:
a tube or pipe that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used for guiding liquid or powder into a small opening.|a metal chimney on a ship or steam engine.

origin:
late Middle English: apparently via Old French from Provençal fonilh, from late Latin fundibulum, from Latin infundibulum, from infundere, from in- ‘into’ + fundere ‘pour’.


word: FUNNY
russian_word: смешной
example: a funny story|I had a funny feeling you'd be around
definition: causing laughter or amusement; humorous.|difficult to explain or understand; strange or odd.
antonyms: serious|tragic
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈfʌni
phonetics_text: ˈfʌni
synonyms:
amusing|humorous|comic|comical|droll|laughable|chucklesome|hilarious|hysterical|riotous|uproarious|witty|quick-witted|waggish|facetious|jolly|jocular|light-hearted|entertaining|diverting|sparkling|scintillating|silly|absurd|ridiculous|ludicrous|risible|farcical|preposterous|slapstick|side-splitting|rib-tickling|laugh-a-minute|wacky|zany|off the wall|killing|a scream|rich|priceless|daft


word: FUR
russian_word: мех
synonyms: hair|wool|coat|mane|fleece|pelt|pelage|fell
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fəː
phonetics_text: fəː
example:
a long, lean, muscular cat with sleek fur|fur or scale, not just in kettles but in other hidden parts of the hot-water system

definition:
the short, fine, soft hair of certain animals.|a coating formed by hard water on the inside surface of a pipe, kettle, or other container.

origin:
Middle English (as a verb): from Old French forrer ‘to line, sheathe’, from forre ‘sheath’, of Germanic origin.


word: FURCULA
russian_word: вилка
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin, diminutive of furca ‘fork’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːkjʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈfəːkjʊlə
definition:
the wishbone of a bird.|the forked appendage at the end of the abdomen in a springtail, by which the insect jumps.


word: FURIOUS
russian_word: яростный
example: he was furious when he learned about it|he drove at a furious speed
definition: extremely angry.|full of anger or energy; violent or intense.
antonyms: calm|placid
origin: late Middle English: from Old French furieus, from Latin furiosus, from furia ‘fury’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfjʊərɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈfjʊərɪəs
synonyms:
enraged|raging|infuriated|very angry|inflamed|incandescent|fuming|boiling|seething|incensed|irate|frenzied|in a frenzy|raving mad|mad|maddened|ranting|raving|wrathful|in a temper|beside oneself|in high dudgeon|indignant|outraged|livid|hot under the collar|hopping mad|wild|apoplectic|riled|aerated|on the warpath|up in arms|foaming at the mouth|steamed up|in a lather|fit to be tied|up the wall|as cross as two sticks|in a paddy|sore|bent out of shape|soreheaded|ropeable|snaky|crook|vex|in a bate|ireful|wroth


word: FURL
russian_word: свертывать
example: he shouted to the crew to furl sails
definition: roll or fold up (something) neatly and securely.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: fəːl
phonetics_text: fəːl
origin:
late 16th century: from French ferler, from Old French fer, ferm ‘firm’ + lier ‘bind’ (from Latin ligare ).


word: FURLONG
russian_word: фарлонг
definition: an eighth of a mile, 220 yards.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːlɒŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfəːlɒŋ
origin:
Old English furlang, from furh  ‘furrow’ + lang ‘long’. The word originally denoted the length of a furrow in a common field (formally regarded as a square of ten acres). It was also used as the equivalent of the Roman stadium, one eighth of a Roman mile, whence the current sense. Compare with stadium.


word: FURLOUGH
russian_word: отпуск
example: a civil servant home on furlough
definition: leave of absence, especially that granted to a member of the services or a missionary.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfəːləʊ
phonetics_text: ˈfəːləʊ
origin:
early 17th century: from Dutch verlof, modelled on German Verlaub, of West Germanic origin and related to leave2.


word: FURNACE
russian_word: печь
origin: Middle English: from Old French fornais(e ), from Latin fornax, fornac-, from fornus ‘oven’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːnɪs
phonetics_text: ˈfəːnɪs
definition:
an enclosed structure in which material can be heated to very high temperatures, e.g. for smelting metals.


word: FURNISH
russian_word: отделка
definition: provide (a house or room) with furniture and fittings.|be a source of; provide.
antonyms: divest
synonyms: provide with furniture|fit out|rig out|appoint|outfit|embellish|enhance|kit out
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈfəːnɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈfəːnɪʃ
example:
the proprietor has furnished the bedrooms in a variety of styles|fish furnish an important source of protein

origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘provide or equip with what is necessary or desirable’): from Old French furniss-, lengthened stem of furnir, ultimately of West Germanic origin.


word: FURNISHING
russian_word: оборудование
example: a large room filled with fine ornaments and luxurious furnishings
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːnɪʃɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈfəːnɪʃɪŋ
definition:
furniture, fittings, and other decorative accessories such as curtains and carpets, for a house or room.


word: FURNITURE
russian_word: мебель
example: the more sophisticated Mac furniture—number wheels, colour pickers, and so on
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːnɪtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈfəːnɪtʃə
definition:
the movable articles that are used to make a room or building suitable for living or working in, such as tables, chairs, or desks.|the small accessories or fittings that are required for a particular task or function.

synonyms:
furnishings|house fittings|fittings|fitments|movables|fixtures|appointments|appliances|effects|chattels|amenities|units|equipment|paraphernalia|stuff|things

origin:
early 16th century (denoting the action of furnishing): from French fourniture, from fournir, from Old French furnir ‘to furnish’.


word: FURORE
russian_word: фурор
example: the verdict raised a furore over the role of courtroom psychiatry
definition: an outbreak of public anger or excitement.
origin: late 18th century: from Italian, from Latin furor, from furere ‘be mad, rage’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌfjʊ(ə)ˈrɔːri
phonetics_text: ˌfjʊ(ə)ˈrɔːri|ˌfjʊ(ə)ˈrɔː
synonyms:
commotion|uproar|outcry|disturbance|hubbub|hurly-burly|fuss|upset|tumult|brouhaha|palaver|to-do|pother|turmoil|tempest|agitation|pandemonium|confusion|stir|excitement|scandal|sensation|song and dance|hoo-ha|hullabaloo|ballyhoo|hoopla|rumpus|flap|tizz|tizzy|tizz-woz|stink|performance|pantomime|scene|carry-on|kerfuffle|snafu


word: FURPHY
russian_word: сплетня
example: I remembered the schoolyard furphies about sewer gangs
definition: a rumour or story, especially one that is untrue or absurd.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːfi
phonetics_text: ˈfəːfi
origin:
First World War: from the name painted on water and sanitary carts manufactured by the Furphy family of Shepparton, Victoria; during the war they became popular as a place where soldiers exchanged gossip, often when visiting the latrines.


word: FURRED
russian_word: обложенный
definition: (of an animal) having fur.|coated or clogged with a deposit or thick layer of something.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fəːd
phonetics_text: fəːd
example:
there is much to learn from our furred and feathered friends|this type of cholesterol can lead to furred arteries


word: FURRIER
russian_word: меховщик
example: I came across a very classy furrier's in Nottingham
definition: a person who prepares or deals in furs.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌrɪə
phonetics_text: ˈfʌrɪə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French forreor, from forrer ‘to line, sheathe’ (see fur). The change in the ending in the 16th century was due to association with -ier.


word: FURROW
russian_word: борозда
example: regular furrows in a ploughed field|there were deep furrows in his brow
synonyms: wrinkle|line|crease|crinkle|crow's foot|cleft|indentation|corrugation|scar|sulcus
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈfʌrəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈfʌrəʊ
definition:
a long, narrow trench made in the ground by a plough, especially for planting seeds or irrigation.|a line or wrinkle on a person's face.

origin:
Old English furh, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch voor and German Furche, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin porca ‘ridge between furrows’.


word: FURROWED
russian_word: бороздчатый
example: furrowed fields|he stroked his furrowed brow
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌrəʊd
phonetics_text: ˈfʌrəʊd
definition:
(of land or earth) covered in long, narrow trenches formed by ploughing.|(of the forehead or face) marked with lines or wrinkles.


word: FURTHER
russian_word: далее
example: for some time I had wanted to move further from London|we had walked further than I realized
antonyms: closer
synonyms: at a greater distance|more distant|farther
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective|verb
phonetic: ˈfəːðə
phonetics_text: ˈfəːðə
definition:
at, to, or by a greater distance (used to indicate the extent to which one thing or person is or becomes distant from another).|over a greater expanse of space or time; for a longer way.

origin:
Old English furthor (adverb), furthra (adjective), fyrthrian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to forth.


word: FURTHERANCE
russian_word: способствование осуществлению
example: the court held that the union's acts were not in furtherance of a trade dispute
definition: the advancement of a scheme or interest.
antonyms: hindrance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfəːð(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈfəːð(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
promotion|furthering|advancement|forwarding|improvement|development|betterment|stimulation|facilitating|aiding|assisting|helping|abetting|expediting|hastening|speeding up|acceleration|pushing|boosting|encouragement|cultivation|nurturing|succouring|backing|fostering|championing|endorsement|patronage


word: FURTHERMORE
russian_word: кроме того
example: It was also a highly desirable political end. Furthermore, it gave the English a door into France
definition: in addition; besides (used to introduce a fresh consideration in an argument).
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: fəːðəˈmɔː
phonetics_text: fəːðəˈmɔː
synonyms:
moreover|further|what's more|also|additionally|in addition|besides|as well|too|to boot|on top of that|over and above that|into the bargain|by the same token|withal|forbye


word: FURTHEST
russian_word: дальше всего
example: the bed furthest from the window|his group probably had furthest to ride
origin: late Middle English: formed as a superlative of further.
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: ˈfəːðɪst
phonetics_text: ˈfəːðɪst
definition:
at or by the greatest distance (used to indicate how far one thing or person is or becomes distant from another).|over the greatest distance or area.


word: FURTIVE
russian_word: скрытый
example: they spent a furtive day together
antonyms: open|above board
origin: early 17th century: from French furtif, -ive or Latin furtivus, from furtum ‘theft’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfəːtɪv
phonetics_text: ˈfəːtɪv
definition:
attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble; secretive.

synonyms:
secretive|secret|surreptitious|sly|sneaky|wily|underhand|under the table|clandestine|hidden|covert|cloaked|conspiratorial|underground|cloak and dagger|hole and corner|hugger-mugger|stealthy|sneaking|skulking|slinking|sidelong|sideways|oblique|indirect|black|hush-hush|shifty


word: FURUNCLE
russian_word: фурункул
definition: technical term for boil2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjʊərʌŋk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈfjʊərʌŋk(ə)l
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin furunculus, literally ‘petty thief’, also ‘knob on a vine’ (regarded as stealing the sap), from fur ‘thief’.


word: FURUNCULOSIS
russian_word: фурункулез
origin: late 19th century: from furuncle + -osis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjʊˌrʌŋkjʊˈləʊsɪs
phonetics_text: fjʊˌrʌŋkjʊˈləʊsɪs
definition:
the simultaneous or repeated occurrence of boils on the skin.|a bacterial disease of salmon and trout.


word: FURY
russian_word: ярость
example: tears of fury and frustration|the fury of a gathering storm
antonyms: good humour|calmness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjʊəri
phonetics_text: ˈfjʊəri
definition:
wild or violent anger.|extreme strength or violence in an action or a natural phenomenon.|a spirit of punishment, often represented as one of three goddesses who pronounced curses on the guilty and inflicted famines and pestilences. The Furies were identified at an early date with the Eumenides.

synonyms:
rage|anger|wrath|passion|outrage|spleen|temper|savagery|frenzy|madness|air rage|crossness|indignation|umbrage|annoyance|exasperation|ire|choler|bile

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French furie, from Latin furia, from furiosus ‘furious’, from furere ‘be mad, rage’.


word: FUSE
russian_word: предохранитель
antonyms: separate
origin: late 16th century: from Latin fus- ‘poured, melted’, from the verb fundere .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: fjuːz
phonetics_text: fjuːz
example:
intermarriage had fused the families into a large unit|the crew were left in darkness after the lights fused|there is no need to fuse the circuit any higher unless there is other equipment on the same circuit

definition:
join or blend to form a single entity.|(of an electrical appliance) stop working when a fuse melts.|provide (a circuit or electrical appliance) with a fuse.

synonyms:
combine|amalgamate|put together|blend|merge|meld|mingle|intermix|intermingle|synthesize|coalesce|compound|alloy|agglutinate|unite|marry|admix|commingle|commix|interflow


word: FUSED
russian_word: плавленый
example: skeletal malformations such as fused vertebrae|a fused plug
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: fjuːzd
phonetics_text: fjuːzd
definition:
joined or blended to form a single entity.|(of a circuit or electrical appliance) provided with a fuse.


word: FUSEE
russian_word: запал
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjuːˈziː
phonetics_text: fjuːˈziː
definition:
a conical pulley or wheel, especially in a watch or clock.|a large-headed match capable of staying alight in strong wind.|a railway signal flare.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a spindle-shaped figure): from French fusée ‘spindle-ful’, based on Latin fusus ‘spindle’.


word: FUSIL
russian_word: фузея
definition: a light musket.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːzɪl
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːzɪl
origin:
late 16th century (denoting a flint in a tinderbox): from French, based on Latin focus ‘hearth, fire’.


word: FUSILLADE
russian_word: стрельба
example: marchers had to dodge a fusillade of missiles
definition: a series of shots fired or missiles thrown all at the same time or in quick succession.
origin: early 19th century: from French, from fusiller ‘to shoot’, from fusil (see fusil1).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˌfjuːzɪˈleɪd
phonetics_text: ˌfjuːzɪˈleɪd|ˌfjuːzɪˈlɑːd
synonyms:
salvo|volley|barrage|bombardment|cannonade|battery|burst|blast|hail|shower|rain|stream|broadside|blitz|discharge


word: FUSION
russian_word: слияние
example: the election results produced pressure for fusion of the parties
definition: the process or result of joining two or more things together to form a single entity.
antonyms: separation
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin fusio(n- ), from fundere ‘pour, melt’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
blend|blending|combination|amalgamation|joining|bonding|binding|merging|melding|mingling|integration|intermixture|intermingling|synthesis|coalescence|compounding|agglutination|uniting|marrying|alliance|unification|commingling|commixture|interflow


word: FUSS
russian_word: суетиться
example: I don't know what all the fuss is about
definition: a display of unnecessary or excessive excitement, activity, or interest.
origin: early 18th century: perhaps Anglo-Irish.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fʌs
phonetics_text: fʌs
synonyms:
ado|excitement|agitation|uproar|to-do|stir|commotion|confusion|disturbance|tumult|hubbub|rigmarole|folderol|brouhaha|furore|much ado about nothing|upset|worry|bother|row|fluster|flurry|bustle|storm in a teacup|palaver|hoo-ha|ballyhoo|flap|tizzy|stew|song and dance|performance|pantomime|carry-on|kerfuffle|fuss and feathers|pother


word: FUSSY
russian_word: суетливый
example: he is very fussy about what he eats
definition: fastidious about one's needs or requirements; hard to please.
antonyms: easy to please|indiscriminate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌsi
phonetics_text: ˈfʌsi
synonyms:
finicky|particular|over-particular|fastidious|discriminating|selective|dainty|punctilious|hard to please|difficult|exacting|demanding|choosy|picky|nitpicking|old womanish|old maidish|pernickety|faddish|faddy|persnickety|nice|overnice|finical


word: FUSTIAN
russian_word: напыщенный
example: the coarse fustian of prison clothing|a smokescreen of fustian and fantasy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌstɪən
phonetics_text: ˈfʌstɪən
definition:
thick, hard-wearing twilled cloth with a short nap, usually dyed in dark colours.|pompous or pretentious speech or writing.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French fustaigne, from medieval Latin fustaneum, from ( pannus) fustaneus ‘cloth from Fostat’, a suburb of Cairo; fustian (sense 2) perhaps from the fact that fustian was sometimes used to cover pillows and cushions, implying that the language was ‘padded’; compare with bombast.


word: FUSTIC
russian_word: желтая краска
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʌstɪk
phonetics_text: ˈfʌstɪk
definition:
a yellow dye obtained from either of two kinds of timber, especially that of old fustic.|a tropical American tree with heartwood that yields dyes and other products.

origin:
late Middle English: via French from Spanish fustoc, from Arabic fustuq, from Greek pistakē ‘pistachio tree’.


word: FUSTY
russian_word: затхлый
example: the fusty odour of decay
definition: smelling stale, damp, or stuffy.
antonyms: airy|ventilated
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌsti
phonetics_text: ˈfʌsti
synonyms:
stuffy|musty|stale|stagnant|airless|unventilated|close|suffocating|oppressive|mouldering|damp|mildewed|mildewy|frowsty|claggy

origin:
late 15th century: from Old French fuste ‘smelling of the cask’, from fust ‘cask, tree trunk’, from Latin fustis ‘cudgel’.


word: FUTILE
russian_word: бесполезный
example: a futile attempt to keep fans from mounting the stage
definition: incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
antonyms: useful|fruitful
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin futilis ‘leaky, futile’, apparently from fundere ‘pour’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfjuːtʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːtʌɪl
synonyms:
fruitless|vain|pointless|useless|worthless|ineffectual|ineffective|inefficacious|to no effect|of no use|in vain|to no avail|unavailing|unsuccessful|failed|thwarted|unproductive|barren|unprofitable|abortive|impotent|hollow|empty|forlorn|idle|sterile|nugatory|valueless|hopeless|doomed|lost|no good to gundy|bootless


word: FUTILITY
russian_word: тщетность
example: the horror and futility of war
definition: pointlessness or uselessness.
antonyms: usefulness|fruitfulness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: fjʊˈtɪlɪti
phonetics_text: fjʊˈtɪlɪti|fjuːˈtɪlɪti
synonyms:
fruitlessness|vanity|pointlessness|uselessness|worthlessness|ineffectuality|ineffectiveness|inefficacy|failure|unproductiveness|barrenness|unprofitability|abortiveness|impotence|hollowness|emptiness|meaningless|forlornness|hopelessness|sterility|valuelessness|bootlessness


word: FUTSAL
russian_word: футзал
definition: a modified form of soccer played with five players per side on a smaller, typically indoor, pitch.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfʊtsal
phonetics_text: ˈfʊtsal
origin:
1980s: partly from Brazilian Portuguese, shortened from futebol du salão, and partly from Spanish, shortened from fútbol sala or fútbol de salón .


word: FUTURE
russian_word: будущее
example: we plan on getting married in the near future
antonyms: past
synonyms: time to come|time ahead|what lay/lies ahead|coming times|the fullness of time|hereafter
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfjuːtʃə
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːtʃə
definition:
a period of time following the moment of speaking or writing; time regarded as still to come.|contracts for assets (especially commodities or shares) bought at agreed prices but delivered and paid for later.

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin futurus, future participle of esse ‘be’ (from the stem fu-, ultimately from a base meaning ‘grow, become’).


word: FUTURIST
russian_word: футурист
example: the agency hired a futurist to pinpoint trends
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈfjuːtʃərɪst
phonetics_text: ˈfjuːtʃərɪst
definition:
an adherent of Futurism.|a person who studies the future and makes predictions about it based on current trends.|a person who believes that eschatological prophecies are still to be fulfilled.


word: FUZZ
russian_word: пух
example: a fuzz of black hair
synonyms: hair|fluff|fur|down|floss|fine hair
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: fʌz
phonetics_text: fʌz
definition:
a frizzy mass of hair or fibre.|a buzzing or distorted sound, especially one deliberately produced as an effect on an electric guitar.

origin:
late 16th century: probably of Low German or Dutch origin; compare with Dutch voos, Low German fussig ‘spongy’.


word: FUZZY
russian_word: нечеткий
example: fuzzy fake-fur throw pillows|the picture is very fuzzy
antonyms: clear|sharp
synonyms: downy|down-covered|frizzy|woolly|velvety|silky|silken|satiny|linty|napped|soft|floccose|lanate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈfʌzi
phonetics_text: ˈfʌzi
definition:
having a frizzy texture or appearance.|difficult to perceive; indistinct or vague.|relating to a form of set theory and logic in which predicates may have degrees of applicability, rather than simply being true or false. It has important uses in artificial intelligence and the design of control systems.


word: FYNBOS
russian_word: фейнбос
origin: Afrikaans, literally ‘fine bush’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈfeɪnbɒs
phonetics_text: ˈfeɪnbɒs
definition:
a distinctive type of vegetation found only on the southern tip of Africa. It includes a very wide range of plant species, particularly small heather-like trees and shrubs.


word: G
russian_word: соль
part_of_speech: abbreviation|symbol
phonetic: dʒiː
phonetics_text: dʒiː
definition:
gas.|gelding.|gram(s).|denoting quantum states or wave functions which do not change sign on inversion through the origin.


word: GAB
russian_word: трепаться
example: Franny walked past a woman gabbing on the phone
definition: talk at length, typically about trivial matters.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɡab
phonetics_text: ɡab
synonyms:
chatter|chitter-chatter|chat|talk|gossip|gabble|babble|prattle|jabber|blather|blab|yak|yackety-yak|yabber|yatter|yammer|blabber|blah|blah-blah|jaw|gas|shoot one's mouth off|witter|rabbit|chunter|natter|waffle|run off at the mouth|mag|twaddle|clack|twattle

origin:
late Middle English: probably from an obsolete word with the same spelling meaning ‘mock, scoff, tell lies’.


word: GABBLE
russian_word: тараторить
example: he gabbled on in a panicky way until he was dismissed
definition: talk rapidly and unintelligibly.
origin: late 16th century: from Dutch gabbelen, of imitative origin.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡab(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡab(ə)l
synonyms:
jabber|babble|prattle|rattle|blabber|gibber|cackle|blab|drivel|twitter|splutter|talk rapidly|talk incoherently|talk unintelligibly|waffle|chunter|witter


word: GABBRO
russian_word: габбро
example: a house of gabbro
origin: late 18th century: from Italian, from Latin glaber, glabr- ‘smooth’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡabrəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɡabrəʊ
definition:
a dark, coarse-grained plutonic rock of crystalline texture, consisting mainly of pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, and often olivine.


word: GABBY
russian_word: словоохотливый
example: we scientists are an incurably gabby lot
definition: excessively or annoyingly talkative.
antonyms: taciturn|reticent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡabi
phonetics_text: ˈɡabi
synonyms:
talkative|chatty|loquacious|garrulous|voluble|conversational|gossipy|gossiping|chattery|chattering|babbling|blathering|gibbering|communicative|long-winded|wordy|verbose|profuse|prolix|rambling|gushing|effusive|mouthy|big-mouthed|with the gift of the gab|yakking|gassy|talky|multiloquent|multiloquous


word: GABERDINE
russian_word: габардин
example: a gaberdine suit
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡabəˈdiːn
phonetics_text: ˌɡabəˈdiːn|ˈɡabədiːn
definition:
a smooth, durable twill-woven worsted or cotton cloth.|a long, loose upper garment, worn particularly by Jewish men.

origin:
early 16th century: from Old French gauvardine, earlier gallevardine, perhaps from Middle High German wallevart ‘pilgrimage’ and originally ‘a garment worn by a pilgrim’. The textile sense is first recorded in the early 20th century.


word: GABION
russian_word: габион
origin: mid 16th century: via French from Italian gabbione, from gabbia ‘cage’, from Latin cavea .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪbɪən
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪbɪən
definition:
a basket or container filled with earth, stones, or other material and used in civil engineering works or (formerly) fortifications.


word: GABLE
russian_word: фронтон
example: a house with mock-Tudor gables
definition: the triangular upper part of a wall at the end of a ridged roof.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪb(ə)l
origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Old Norse gafl, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch gaffel and German Gabel ‘fork’ (the point of the gable originally being the fork of two crossed timbers supporting the end of the roof-tree).


word: GABOON
russian_word: Габон
definition: a tropical West African hardwood tree which is valued for its timber.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈbuːn
phonetics_text: ɡəˈbuːn
origin:
early 18th century (in the historical sense ‘a person from the country of Gabon’): from Gaboon (now Gabon); the current sense dates from the 1920s.


word: GAD
russian_word: слоняться
example: he had heard that I was gadding about with an airline stewardess
definition: go from place to place in the pursuit of pleasure.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɡad
phonetics_text: ɡad
synonyms:
gallivant|jaunt around|flit around|run around|travel around|roam (around)|wander|rove|ramble|traipse|meander|stray

origin:
late Middle English: back-formation from obsolete gadling  ‘wanderer, vagabond’, (earlier) ‘companion’, of Germanic origin.


word: GADABOUT
russian_word: непоседа
example: Walter was a restless charmer and a gadabout
definition: a habitual pleasure-seeker.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡadəbaʊt
phonetics_text: ˈɡadəbaʊt
synonyms:
gallivanter|pleasure-seeker|wanderer|rover|rambler|drifter|bird of passage|traveller|journeyer|explorer|globetrotter


word: GADARENE
russian_word: безрассудный
example: the Gadarene rush to war in 1914
definition: involving or engaged in a headlong or potentially disastrous rush to do something.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡadəriːn
phonetics_text: ˈɡadəriːn
origin:
mid 16th century (denoting a native or inhabitant of Gadara, a town in ancient Palestine near the Sea of Galilee): from New Testament Greek Gadarēnos ‘inhabitant of Gadara’, with reference to the story of the swine that rushed down a steep cliff into the sea (Matthew 8:28–34).


word: GADFLY
russian_word: овод
definition: a fly that bites livestock, especially a horsefly, warble fly, or botfly.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡadflʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈɡadflʌɪ
origin:
late 16th century: from gad, or obsolete gad ‘goad, spike’, from Old Norse gaddr, of Germanic origin; related to yard1.


word: GADGET
russian_word: гаджет
example: a variety of kitchen gadgets
definition: a small mechanical or electronic device or tool, especially an ingenious or novel one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡadʒɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡadʒɪt
synonyms:
appliance|apparatus|instrument|implement|tool|utensil|contrivance|contraption|machine|mechanism|device|labour-saving device|convenience|invention|thing|Heath Robinson device|Rube Goldberg device|widget|gismo|thingummy|gimmick|mod con|doobry|doodah

origin:
late 19th century (originally in nautical use): probably from French gâchette ‘lock mechanism’ or from the French dialect word gagée ‘tool’.


word: GADOLINITE
russian_word: гадолинит
definition: a rare dark brown or black mineral, consisting of a silicate of iron, beryllium, and rare earths.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡad(ə)lɪnʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡad(ə)lɪnʌɪt|ɡəˈdəʊlɪnʌɪt
origin:
early 19th century: named after Johan Gadolin (1760–1852), the Finnish mineralogist who first identified it.


word: GAFF
russian_word: багор
example: a gaff-rigged cutter
origin: Middle English: from Provençal gaf ‘hook’; related to gaffe.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡaf
phonetics_text: ɡaf
definition:
a stick with a hook or barbed spear, for landing large fish.|a spar to which the head of a fore-and-aft sail is bent.


word: GAFFE
russian_word: оплошность
example: in my first few months at work I made some real gaffes
definition: an unintentional act or remark causing embarrassment to its originator; a blunder.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡaf
phonetics_text: ɡaf
synonyms:
blunder|mistake|error|slip|indiscretion|impropriety|breach of etiquette|miscalculation|gaucherie|solecism|faux pas|lapsus linguae|lapsus calami|slip-up|howler|boo-boo|boner|botch|fluff|fail|boob|bloomer|clanger|blooper|bloop|goof|floater|fuck-up

origin:
early 20th century: from French, literally ‘boathook’ (from Provençal gaf : see gaff1), used colloquially to mean ‘blunder’.


word: GAFFER
russian_word: дедушка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡafə
phonetics_text: ˈɡafə
example:
street cleaners stopping for a smoke when their gaffer isn't in the vicinity|you'll find the same old distinguished-looking gaffers at any awards dinner

definition:
a person in charge of others; a boss.|the chief electrician in a film or television production unit.|an old man.

synonyms:
boss|manager|manageress|foreman|forewoman|overseer|controller|supervisor|superintendent|ganger|bossman|number one|kingpin|top dog|bigwig|big cheese|Mr Big|skipper|governor|guv'nor|honcho|head honcho|numero uno|padrone|sachem|big wheel|big kahuna|big white chief|high muckamuck

origin:
late 16th century (in gaffer (sense 3 of the noun)): probably a contraction of godfather; compare with gammer.


word: GAG
russian_word: кляп
example: they tied him up and put a gag in his mouth
synonyms: muzzle|tie|restraint
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡaɡ
phonetics_text: ɡaɡ
definition:
a piece of cloth put in or over a person's mouth to prevent them from speaking.|a device for keeping the patient's mouth open during a dental or surgical operation.

origin:
Middle English: perhaps related to Old Norse gagháls ‘with the neck thrown back’, or imitative of a person choking.


word: GAGA
russian_word: чокнутый
example: I want to write my memoirs before I go too gaga
definition: no longer in possession of all one's mental faculties, especially on account of old age.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɑːɡɑː
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːɡɑː|ˈɡaɡə
origin:
early 20th century: from French, ‘senile, a senile person’, reduplication based on gâteux, variant of gâteur, hospital slang in the sense ‘bed-wetter’.


word: GAGE
russian_word: залог
definition: a valued object deposited as a guarantee of good faith.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡeɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ɡeɪdʒ
origin:
Middle English: from Old French gage (noun), gager (verb), of Germanic origin; related to wage and wed.


word: GAGGLE
russian_word: гоготать
example: the gaggle of photographers that dogged his every step
definition: a flock of geese.|a disorderly group of people.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡaɡ(ə)l
origin:
Middle English (as a verb): imitative of the noise that a goose makes; compare with Dutch gaggelen and German gackern .


word: GAIETY
russian_word: веселость
example: the sudden gaiety of children's laughter
definition: the state or quality of being light-hearted or cheerful.
antonyms: misery
origin: mid 17th century: from French gaieté, from gai (see gay).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪəti
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪəti
synonyms:
cheerfulness|cheer|light-heartedness|merriment|glee|gladness|happiness|joy|joyfulness|joyousness|delight|pleasure|high spirits|good spirits|good humour|jollity|jolliness|hilarity|mirth|joviality|exuberance|elation|exultation|euphoria|jubilation|liveliness|vivacity|animation|effervescence|levity|buoyancy|sprightliness|zest|zestfulness|joie de vivre|chirpiness|bounce|pep|zing|gladsomeness|blitheness|blithesomeness|gayness


word: GAILY
russian_word: весело
example: he waved gaily to the crowd|gaily coloured sailing boats
definition: in a cheerful or light-hearted way.|with a bright or attractive appearance.
antonyms: miserably
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈɡeɪli
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪli
synonyms:
merrily|cheerfully|cheerily|happily|joyfully|joyously|light-heartedly|blithely|jauntily|gleefully|with pleasure


word: GAIN
russian_word: получить
example: we gained entry to the car in five seconds|we gained the ridge|I have gained weight over the years
antonyms: lose
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɡeɪn
phonetics_text: ɡeɪn
definition:
obtain or secure (something wanted or desirable).|reach or arrive at (a destination).|increase the amount or rate of (something, typically weight or speed).

synonyms:
obtain|get|acquire|come by|procure|secure|attain|achieve|earn|win|capture|clinch|pick up|carry off|reap|gather|receive|be given|be awarded|come away with|land|net|bag|pot|scoop|wangle|swing|score|nab|collar|cop|hook|get one's hands on|get one's mitts on|get hold of|walk away with|walk off with

origin:
late 15th century (as a noun, originally in the sense ‘booty’): from Old French gaigne (noun), gaignier (verb), of Germanic origin.


word: GAINFUL
russian_word: прибыльный
example: he soon found gainful employment
definition: serving to increase wealth or resources; providing money or other benefit.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡeɪnfʊl
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪnfʊl|ˈɡeɪnf(ə)l
synonyms:
profitable|paid|well paid|remunerative|lucrative|moneymaking|financially rewarding|rewarding|fruitful|worthwhile|useful|productive|constructive|beneficial|advantageous|valuable|fructuous


word: GAINSAY
russian_word: отрицать
example: the impact of the railways cannot be gainsaid
definition: deny or contradict (a fact or statement).
antonyms: confirm
origin: Middle English: from obsolete gain- ‘against’ + say.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɡeɪnˈseɪ
phonetics_text: ɡeɪnˈseɪ
synonyms:
deny|dispute|disagree with|argue with|dissent from|contradict|repudiate|declare untrue|challenge|oppose|contest|counter|fly in the face of|disprove|debunk|explode|discredit|refute|rebut|brush aside|shoot full of holes|shoot down (in flames)|disaffirm|controvert|confute


word: GAIT
russian_word: походка
example: the easy gait of an athlete
definition: a person's manner of walking.
origin: late Middle English (originally Scots): variant of gate2.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ɡeɪt
synonyms:
walk|step|stride|pace|tread|manner of walking|way of walking|bearing|carriage|comportment|way of holding oneself|way of carrying oneself|deportment


word: GALA
russian_word: торжественный
example: a gala performance by the Royal Ballet
definition: a social occasion with special entertainments or performances.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːlə
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːlə|ˈɡeɪlə
synonyms:
fete|gala day|fair|feast|festival|carnival|pageant|jubilee|jamboree|party|garden party|celebration|festivities|fundraiser|charity event|charity show|kermis|festive|celebratory|merry|joyous|joyful|diverting|entertaining|enjoyable|spectacular|showy|gay

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘showy dress’): via Italian and Spanish from Old French gale ‘rejoicing’.


word: GALANGAL
russian_word: калган
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡal(ə)ŋɡal
phonetics_text: ˈɡal(ə)ŋɡal
definition:
an Asian plant of the ginger family, the aromatic rhizome of which is widely used in cooking and herbal medicine.

origin:
Middle English galingale, via Old French from Arabic ḵalanjān, perhaps from Chinese gāoliángjiāng, from gāoliáng (the name of a district in Guangdong Province, China) + jiāng ‘ginger’.


word: GALANTINE
russian_word: галантин
example: turkey galantine
definition: a dish of white meat or fish boned, cooked, pressed, and served cold in aspic.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡal(ə)ntiːn
phonetics_text: ˈɡal(ə)ntiːn
origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘sauce for fish’): from Old French, alteration of galatine, from medieval Latin galatina ; the current sense dates from the early 18th century.


word: GALAXY
russian_word: галактика
synonyms: star system|solar system|constellation|cluster|nebula|spiral galaxy|Seyfert galaxy|stars|heavens
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaləksi
phonetics_text: ˈɡaləksi
definition:
a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction.

origin:
late Middle English (originally referring to the Milky Way): via Old French from medieval Latin galaxia, from Greek galaxias (kuklos) ‘milky (vault)’, from gala, galakt- ‘milk’.


word: GALE
russian_word: шторм
example: I slept well despite the howling gales outside|she collapsed into gales of laughter
definition: a very strong wind.|an outburst of laughter.
origin: mid 16th century: perhaps related to Old Norse galinn ‘mad, frantic’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡeɪl
phonetics_text: ɡeɪl
synonyms:
storm|tempest|squall|hurricane|tornado|cyclone|typhoon|whirlwind|superstorm|strong wind|high wind|windstorm|burster|buster|flaw


word: GALENA
russian_word: галенит
origin: late 17th century: from Latin, ‘lead ore’ (in a partly purified state).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈliːnə
phonetics_text: ɡəˈliːnə
definition:
a bluish, grey, or black mineral of metallic appearance, consisting of lead sulphide. It is the chief ore of lead.


word: GALL
russian_word: желчь
example: the bank had the gall to demand a fee
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡɔːl
phonetics_text: ɡɔːl
definition:
bold and impudent behaviour.|the contents of the gall bladder; bile (proverbial for its bitterness).

synonyms:
impudence|insolence|impertinence|cheek|cheekiness|nerve|audacity|brazenness|effrontery|temerity|presumption|presumptuousness|brashness|shamelessness|pertness|boldness|bad manners|rudeness|impoliteness|brass neck|brass|neck|face|chutzpah|cockiness|sauce|sauciness|snash|sass|sassiness|nerviness|hide|crust|malapertness|procacity|assumption

origin:
Old English gealla (denoting bile), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch gal, German Galle ‘gall’, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek kholē and Latin fel ‘bile’.


word: GALLANT
russian_word: галантный
antonyms: cowardly
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
example:
she had made gallant efforts to pull herself together|a gallant gentleman came over and kissed my hand

definition:
(of a person or their behaviour) brave; heroic.|(of a man) charmingly attentive and chivalrous to women.

synonyms:
brave|courageous|valiant|valorous|bold|plucky|daring|fearless|intrepid|heroic|lionhearted|stout-hearted|doughty|mettlesome|great-spirited|honourable|noble|manly|manful|macho|dashing|daredevil|death-or-glory|undaunted|unflinching|unshrinking|unafraid|dauntless|indomitable|gutsy|spunky|ballsy|have-a-go|venturous

phonetic:
Middle English (in the sense ‘finely dressed’): from Old French galant, from galer ‘have fun, make a show’, from gale ‘pleasure, rejoicing’.


word: GALLANTRY
russian_word: галантность
definition: courageous behaviour, especially in battle.|polite attention or respect given by men to women.
antonyms: cowardice
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaləntri
phonetics_text: ˈɡaləntri
example:
a medal awarded for outstanding gallantry during the raid|no young man offers to carry this burden for her: such gallantry is out of fashion

synonyms:
bravery|braveness|courage|courageousness|valour|pluck|pluckiness|nerve|daring|boldness|fearlessness|dauntlessness|intrepidity|intrepidness|manliness|heroism|doughtiness|stout-heartedness|backbone|spine|spirit|spiritedness|mettle|determination|fortitude|guts|grit|spunk|gutsiness|gameness|bottle|ballsiness|moxie|cojones|sand|balls

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘splendour, ornamentation’): from French galanterie, from galant (see gallant).


word: GALLEON
russian_word: галеон
example: a Spanish treasure galleon wrecked off the Florida Keys
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalɪən
phonetics_text: ˈɡalɪən
definition:
a sailing ship in use (especially by Spain) from the 15th to the 18th centuries, originally as a warship, later for trade. Galleons were typically square-rigged and had three or more decks and masts.

origin:
early 16th century: either via Middle Dutch from French galion, from galie ‘galley’, or from Spanish galeón .


word: GALLERIST
russian_word: галерист
origin: early 20th century (in the sense ‘person in a gallery’): from gallery and -ist.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡal(ə)rɪst
phonetics_text: ˈɡal(ə)rɪst
example:
gallerists will tell you it would be difficult to break even without doing at least one art fair per year

definition:
a person who owns an art gallery or who exhibits and promotes artists' work in galleries and other venues in order to attract potential buyers.


word: GALLERY
russian_word: галерея
example: an art gallery|in the minstrels' gallery, a string orchestra plays themes from film soundtracks
synonyms: exhibition room|display room|art gallery|museum
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡal(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈɡal(ə)ri
definition:
a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.|a balcony or upper floor projecting from an interior back or side wall of a hall or church, providing space for an audience or musicians.|a long room or passage, typically one that is partly open at the side to form a portico or colonnade.

origin:
late Middle English (in gallery (sense 3)): via Old French from Italian galleria ‘gallery’, formerly also ‘church porch’, from medieval Latin galeria, perhaps an alteration of galilea (see galilee).


word: GALLEY
russian_word: камбуз
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡali
phonetics_text: ˈɡali
definition:
a low, flat ship with one or more sails and up to three banks of oars, chiefly used for warfare or piracy and often manned by slaves or criminals.|the kitchen in a ship or aircraft.|a printer's proof in the form of long single-column strips, not in sheets or pages.

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from medieval Latin galea, from medieval Greek galaia, of unknown origin.


word: GALLIARD
russian_word: гальярда
definition: a lively dance in triple time for two people, including complicated turns and steps.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalɪɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈɡalɪɑːd|ˈɡalɪəd
origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective meaning ‘valiant, sturdy’ and ‘lively, brisk’): from Old French gaillard ‘valiant’, of Celtic origin. The current sense dates from the mid 16th century.


word: GALLIGASKINS
russian_word: широкие брюки
definition: breeches, trousers, or gaiters.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡalɪˈɡaskɪnz
phonetics_text: ˌɡalɪˈɡaskɪnz
origin:
late 16th century: perhaps an alteration (influenced by galley and Gascon ) of obsolete French gargesque, from Italian grechesca, feminine of grechesco ‘Greek’.


word: GALLIMAUFRY
russian_word: всякая всячина
example: a glorious gallimaufry of childhood perceptions
definition: a confused jumble or medley of things.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡalɪˈmɔːfri
phonetics_text: ˌɡalɪˈmɔːfri
origin:
mid 16th century: from archaic French galimafrée ‘unappetizing dish’, perhaps from Old French galer ‘have fun’ + Picard mafrer ‘eat copious quantities’.


word: GALLING
russian_word: заедание
example: it would be galling to lose your job because of a dispute with a customer
definition: causing annoyance or resentment; annoying.
antonyms: pleasing
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɔːlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɔːlɪŋ
synonyms:
annoying|irritating|vexing|vexatious|infuriating|maddening|irksome|provoking|exasperating|trying|tiresome|troublesome|bothersome|displeasing|disagreeable|aggravating


word: GALLINULE
russian_word: коростель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalɪnjuːl
phonetics_text: ˈɡalɪnjuːl
definition:
a marshbird of the rail family, with mainly black, purplish-blue, or dark green plumage and a red bill.

origin:
late 18th century: from modern Latin Gallinula (genus term), diminutive of Latin gallina ‘hen’, from gallus ‘cock’.


word: GALLIOT
russian_word: галиот
definition: a single-masted Dutch cargo boat or fishing vessel.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalɪət
phonetics_text: ˈɡalɪət
origin:
Middle English: from Old French galiote or Dutch galjoot, from a diminutive of medieval Latin galea ‘galley’.


word: GALLIPOT
russian_word: живица
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalɪpɒt
phonetics_text: ˈɡalɪpɒt
definition:
a small pot made from glazed earthenware or metal, used by pharmacists to hold medicines or ointments.

origin:
late Middle English: probably from galley + pot1 (because gallipots were brought from the Mediterranean in galleys).


word: GALLIUM
russian_word: галлий
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalɪəm
phonetics_text: ˈɡalɪəm
definition:
the chemical element of atomic number 31, a soft silvery-white metal which melts at about 30°C, just above room temperature.

origin:
late 19th century: modern Latin, from Latin Gallia ‘France’ or gallus ‘cock’; named (either patriotically or as a translation of his own name) by Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1838–1912), the French chemist who discovered it in 1875.


word: GALLON
russian_word: галлон
example: gallons of fake blood
definition: a unit of liquid or dry capacity equal to eight pints or 4.55 litres.|a large volume of something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡalən
phonetics_text: ˈɡalən
origin:
Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French galon, from the base of medieval Latin galleta, galletum ‘pail, liquid measure’, perhaps of Celtic origin.


word: GALLOON
russian_word: галун
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈluːn
phonetics_text: ɡəˈluːn
definition:
a narrow ornamental strip of fabric, typically a silk braid or piece of lace, used to trim clothing or finish upholstery.

origin:
early 17th century: from French galon, from galonner ‘to trim with braid’, of unknown ultimate origin.


word: GALLOP
russian_word: галоп
example: the horse broke into a furious gallop
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡaləp
phonetics_text: ˈɡaləp
definition:
the fastest pace of a horse or other quadruped, with all the feet off the ground together in each stride.

origin:
early 16th century: from Old French galop (noun), galoper, variants of Old Northern French walop, waloper (see wallop).


word: GALLOPING
russian_word: скачка
example: the sound of galloping hooves|galloping inflation
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡaləpɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡaləpɪŋ
definition:
(of a horse) going at the pace of a gallop.|(of a process or event) progressing in a rapid and seemingly uncontrollable manner.


word: GALLOWS
russian_word: виселица
definition: a structure, typically of two uprights and a crosspiece, for the hanging of criminals.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaləʊz
phonetics_text: ˈɡaləʊz
synonyms:
gibbet|scaffold|gallow-tree|Gregorian tree|derrick|three-legged mare|nubbing cheat|nub|leafless tree|triple tree|Tyburn tree

origin:
Old English galga, gealga, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch galg and German Galgen ; reinforced in Middle English by Old Norse gálgi .


word: GALLSTONE
russian_word: желчный камень
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɔːlstəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈɡɔːlstəʊn
definition:
a small, hard crystalline mass formed abnormally in the gall bladder or bile ducts from bile pigments, cholesterol, and calcium salts. Gallstones can cause severe pain and blockage of the bile duct.


word: GALOOT
russian_word: увалень
definition: a clumsy or stupid person (often as a term of abuse).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈluːt
phonetics_text: ɡəˈluːt
origin:
early 19th century (originally in nautical use meaning ‘an inexperienced marine’): of unknown origin.


word: GALORE
russian_word: в изобилии
example: there were prizes galore for everything
definition: in abundance.
antonyms: in short supply
origin: early 17th century: from Irish go leor, literally ‘to sufficiency’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɡəˈlɔː
phonetics_text: ɡəˈlɔː
synonyms:
aplenty|in abundance|in profusion|in great quantity|in large numbers|by the dozen|to spare|everywhere|all over (the place)|a gogo|by the truckload|by the shedload


word: GALOSH
russian_word: галоша
definition: a waterproof overshoe, typically made of rubber.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈlɒʃ
phonetics_text: ɡəˈlɒʃ
origin:
Middle English (denoting a type of clog): via Old French from late Latin gallicula, diminutive of Latin gallica (solea) ‘Gallic (shoe)’. The current sense dates from the mid 19th century.


word: GALUMPH
russian_word: двигаться с шумом
example: she galumphed along beside him
definition: move in a clumsy, ponderous, or noisy manner.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɡəˈlʌmf
phonetics_text: ɡəˈlʌmf
origin:
1871 (in the sense ‘prance in triumph’): coined by Lewis Carroll in Through the Looking Glass ; perhaps a blend of gallop and triumph.


word: GALVANIZE
russian_word: гальванизировать
definition: shock or excite (someone) into taking action.|coat (iron or steel) with a protective layer of zinc.
antonyms: demotivate
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡalvənʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈɡalvənʌɪz
example:
the urgency of his voice galvanized them into action|they promised they would galvanize the iron railings to prevent rusting

synonyms:
jolt|shock|startle|impel|stir|spur|prod|urge|motivate|stimulate|electrify|excite|rouse|arouse|awaken|invigorate|fire|fuel|animate|vitalize|energize|exhilarate|thrill|dynamize|inspire|get someone going|light a fire under|give someone a shot in the arm|give someone a kick|inspirit|incentivize

origin:
early 19th century (in the sense ‘stimulate by electricity’): from French galvaniser (see Galvani, Luigi).


word: GAM
russian_word: гам
example: she slowly and methodically revealed one of those glorious gams
definition: a leg, especially a woman's.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡam
phonetics_text: ɡam
origin:
late 18th century: probably a variant of the heraldic term gamb, which denotes a charge representing an animal's leg, from Old Northern French gambe ‘leg’.


word: GAMBIT
russian_word: гамбит
example: his resignation was a tactical gambit|he tried the dubious Budapest gambit
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡambɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡambɪt
definition:
an act or remark that is calculated to gain an advantage, especially at the outset of a situation.|(in chess) an opening move in which a player makes a sacrifice, typically of a pawn, for the sake of a compensating advantage.

synonyms:
stratagem|machination|scheme|plan|tactic|manoeuvre|move|course of action|line of action|device|operation|ruse|trick|ploy|artifice|wheeze|wangle

origin:
mid 17th century: originally gambett, from Italian gambetto, literally ‘tripping up’, from gamba ‘leg’.


word: GAMBLE
russian_word: азартная игра
example: he gambles on football|he was gambling on the success of his satellite TV channel
definition: play games of chance for money; bet.|take risky action in the hope of a desired result.
origin: early 18th century: from obsolete gamel ‘play games’, or from the verb game1.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡamb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡamb(ə)l
synonyms:
bet|wager|place a bet|lay a bet|stake money on something|back the horses|try one's luck on the horses|play the ponies|punt|chance one's arm|have a flutter|game


word: GAMBOGE
russian_word: гуммигут
origin: early 18th century (earlier in the Latin form): from modern Latin gambaugium, from Cambodia.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡamˈbəʊʒ
phonetics_text: ɡamˈbəʊʒ|ɡamˈbuːʒ
definition:
a gum resin produced by various East Asian trees, used as a yellow pigment and in medicine as a purgative.


word: GAMBOL
russian_word: порезвиться
example: the mare gambolled towards her
definition: run or jump about playfully.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡamb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡamb(ə)l
synonyms:
frolic|frisk|cavort|caper|skip|dance|romp|prance|leap|hop|jump|spring|bound|bounce|play|sport|rollick|curvet|capriole

origin:
early 16th century: alteration of gambade (see gambado1), via French from Italian gambata ‘trip up’, from gamba ‘leg’.


word: GAMBREL
russian_word: вальмовой
definition: a roof with two sides, each of which has a shallower slope above a steeper one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡambr(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡambr(ə)l
origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘bent piece of wood or iron to hang carcasses on’): from Old Northern French gamberel, from gambier ‘forked stick’, from gambe ‘leg’. The sense ‘hipped roof’ (mid 19th century) is based on an earlier meaning ‘joint in the upper part of a horse's hind leg’, the shape of which the roof resembles.


word: GAMBUSIA
russian_word: гамбузия
origin: modern Latin, alteration of American Spanish gambusino .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡamˈb(j)uːsɪə
phonetics_text: ɡamˈb(j)uːsɪə
definition:
a small live-bearing fish found in mangrove creeks and brackish waters of the southern US and northern Mexico.


word: GAME
russian_word: игра
origin: Old English gamen ‘amusement, fun’, gamenian ‘play, amuse oneself’, of Germanic origin.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective|verb
phonetic: ɡeɪm
phonetics_text: ɡeɪm
example:
the kids were playing a game with their balloons|a baseball game|he was in the restaurant game for the glamour|they hunted game in Alaska|a game of swans in a common river

definition:
an activity that one engages in for amusement or fun.|a complete episode or period of play, ending in a final result.|a type of activity or business regarded as a game.|wild mammals or birds hunted for sport or food.|a group of swans.

synonyms:
pastime|diversion|entertainment|amusement|distraction|divertissement|recreation|sport|activity|leisure activity|frolic|romp|source of fun


word: GAMEPLAY
russian_word: геймплей
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪmpleɪ
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪmpleɪ
definition:
the features of a video game, such as its plot and the way it is played, as distinct from the graphics and sound effects.


word: GAMER
russian_word: геймер
example: every gamer has suffered from small-screen videos|he's a gamer, always ready to go that extra mile
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪmə
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪmə
definition:
a person who plays video games or participates in role-playing games.|a person known for consistently making a strong effort, especially in sport.


word: GAMETE
russian_word: гамета
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡamiːt
phonetics_text: ˈɡamiːt
definition:
a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.

origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin gameta, from Greek gametē ‘wife’, gametēs ‘husband’, from gamos ‘marriage’.


word: GAMETOPHYTE
russian_word: гаметофит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)fʌɪt
phonetics_text: ɡəˈmiːtə(ʊ)fʌɪt
definition:
(in the life cycle of plants with alternating generations) the gamete-producing and usually haploid phase, producing the zygote from which the sporophyte arises. It is the dominant form in bryophytes.


word: GAMING
russian_word: азартные игры
definition: the action or practice of playing gambling games.|the action or practice of playing video games.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪmɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪmɪŋ
example:
gaming is evident everywhere in Las Vegas, not just on the Strip|I'm fourteen years old and enjoy gaming and playing baseball


word: GAMMA
russian_word: гамма
example: gamma detector
origin: via Latin from Greek.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡamə
phonetics_text: ˈɡamə
definition:
the third letter of the Greek alphabet ( Γ, γ ), transliterated as ‘g’.|relating to gamma rays.|a unit of magnetic field strength equal to 10−5 oersted.


word: GAMMON
russian_word: окорок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡamən
phonetics_text: ˈɡamən
example:
I ate a plateful of gammon, eggs, and chips|they had a discussion with some gammon who thinks climate change is a lie

definition:
ham that has been cured or smoked like bacon.|a middle-aged or older white man with conservative, traditionalist views, stereotypically characterized as having a red or flushed complexion.

origin:
late 15th century (denoting the haunch of a pig): from Old Northern French gambon, from gambe ‘leg’.


word: GAMMY
russian_word: хромой
example: he had a gammy leg, it had steel in it or something
origin: mid 19th century (in the sense ‘bad, false’): dialect form of game2.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡami
phonetics_text: ˈɡami
definition:
(of part of a person's body, especially the leg) unable to function normally because of injury or chronic pain.


word: GAMP
russian_word: зонтик
example: he stuck his gamp in the hallstand
definition: an umbrella, especially a large unwieldy one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡamp
phonetics_text: ɡamp
origin:
mid 19th century: named after Mrs Gamp in Charles Dickens's Martin Chuzzlewit, who carried such an umbrella.


word: GAMUT
russian_word: гамма
example: the whole gamut of human emotion|the orchestral gamut
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡamət
phonetics_text: ˈɡamət
definition:
the complete range or scope of something.|a complete scale of musical notes; the range of a voice or instrument.

synonyms:
range|spectrum|span|sweep|compass|scope|area|breadth|width|reach|extent|catalogue|scale|sequence|series|variety

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin gamma ut, originally the name of the lowest note in the medieval scale (bass G an octave and a half below middle C), then applied to the whole range of notes used in medieval music. The Greek letter Γ (gamma) was used for bass G, with ut indicating that it was the first note in the lowest of the hexachords or six-note scales (see solmization).


word: GAMY
russian_word: с душком
example: a gamy stew of various meats|gamy language
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡeɪmi
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪmi
definition:
(of meat) having the strong flavour or smell of game, especially when it is high.|racy or disreputable.


word: GANG
russian_word: банда
example: a gang of bank robbers|the machine had a gang of cutter chains on a swivelling head
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡaŋ
phonetics_text: ɡaŋ
definition:
an organized group of criminals.|a set of switches, sockets, or other electrical or mechanical devices grouped together.

origin:
Old English, from Old Norse gangr, ganga ‘gait, course, going’, of Germanic origin; related to gang2. The original meaning was ‘going, a journey’, later in Middle English ‘a way’, also ‘set of things or people which go together’.


word: GANGLING
russian_word: долговязый
example: a gangling youth with a trace of down on his cheeks
definition: (of a person) tall, thin, and awkward in movements or bearing.
antonyms: squat
origin: early 19th century: from the verb gang2 + -le4 + -ing2.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡaŋɡlɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋɡlɪŋ
synonyms:
lanky|gangly|rangy|wiry|stringy|bony|angular|skinny|skin-and-bones|spindly|spindling|scrawny|thin|spare|gaunt|skeletal|size-zero|loosely built|loosely jointed|awkward|uncoordinated|ungainly|gawky|inelegant|graceless|ungraceful|like a bag of bones|spindle-shanked


word: GANGLION
russian_word: ганглий
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaŋɡlɪən
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋɡlɪən
definition:
a structure containing a number of nerve cell bodies, typically linked by synapses, and often forming a swelling on a nerve fibre.|an abnormal benign swelling on a tendon sheath.

origin:
late 17th century: from Greek ganglion ‘tumour on or near sinews or tendons’, used by Galen to denote the complex nerve centres.


word: GANGLY
russian_word: долговязый
definition: another term for gangling.
antonyms: squat
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡaŋɡli
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋɡli
synonyms:
lanky|gangling|rangy|wiry|stringy|bony|angular|skinny|skin-and-bones|spindly|spindling|scrawny|thin|spare|gaunt|skeletal|size-zero|loosely built|loosely jointed|awkward|uncoordinated|ungainly|gawky|inelegant|graceless|ungraceful|like a bag of bones|spindle-shanked


word: GANGPLANK
russian_word: трап
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaŋplaŋk
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋplaŋk
definition:
a movable plank, typically with cleats nailed on it, used by passengers to board or disembark from a ship or boat.


word: GANGRENE
russian_word: гангрена
example: gangrene set in, and her leg was amputated
origin: mid 16th century: via French from Latin gangraena, from Greek gangraina .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡaŋɡriːn
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋɡriːn
definition:
localized death and decomposition of body tissue, resulting from obstructed circulation or bacterial infection.


word: GANGSTA
russian_word: гангста
example: I'm showing there's more to life than being a gangsta and a thug
origin: 1980s: alteration of gangster.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaŋstə
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋstə
definition:
a gang member.|a type of rap music featuring aggressive macho lyrics, often with reference to gang violence.


word: GANGSTER
russian_word: гангстер
example: gangsters threatened to kill him if he did not cooperate in the theft
definition: a member of a gang of violent criminals.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaŋstə
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋstə
synonyms:
hoodlum|racketeer|bandit|robber|ruffian|thug|tough|desperado|outlaw|villain|lawbreaker|criminal|gunman|murderer|assassin|terrorist|gang member|member of a criminal gang|member of the Mafia|Mafioso|yakuza|mobster|crook|hitman|hatchet man|heavy|hood|brigand


word: GANGWAY
russian_word: трап
part_of_speech: noun|exclamation
phonetic: ˈɡaŋweɪ
phonetics_text: ˈɡaŋweɪ
definition:
a raised platform or walkway providing a passage.|a passage between rows of seats, especially in a theatre or aircraft.


word: GANNET
russian_word: баклан
origin: Old English ganot, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch gent ‘gander’, also to gander.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡanɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡanɪt
definition:
a large seabird with mainly white plumage, which catches fish by plunging into the water.|a greedy person.


word: GANTRY
russian_word: портал
example: the TV cameras on gantries alongside the 17th and 18th holes
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡantri
phonetics_text: ˈɡantri
definition:
a bridge-like overhead structure with a platform supporting equipment such as a crane, signals, or cameras.|(in a bar) a structure containing inverted bottles and fitted with optics for serving measures.

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a wooden stand for barrels): probably from dialect gawn (contraction of gallon) + tree.


word: GAP
russian_word: разрыв
example: he peeped through the gap in the curtains|there are many gaps in our understanding of what happened
definition: a break or hole in an object or between two objects.|a space or interval; a break in continuity.
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse, ‘chasm’; related to gape.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡap
phonetics_text: ɡap
synonyms:
opening|aperture|space|breach|chink|slit|slot|vent|crack|crevice|cranny|cavity|hole|orifice|interstice|perforation|break|fracture|rift|rent|fissure|cleft|divide|discontinuity|scission|grike


word: GAPER
russian_word: зевака
example: her sort of success inevitably attracted gapers
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪpə
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪpə
definition:
a burrowing bivalve mollusc, the shell valves of which have an opening at one or both ends.|another term for comber2.|a deep-sea anglerfish that is able to inflate itself with water.|a person who stares in amazement or wonder.


word: GAPPING
russian_word: гэпинг
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
the omission of a verb in the second of two coordinated clauses, as in I went by bus and Mary by car.


word: GARAGE
russian_word: гараж
example: a detached house with an integral garage|a garage band
synonyms: car port|lock-up|depot|terminus|terminal|base|headquarters|bus station|coach station
origin: early 20th century: from French, from garer ‘to shelter’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡarɑː(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: ˈɡarɑː(d)ʒ|ˈɡarɪdʒ|ɡəˈrɑːʒ
definition:
a building for housing a motor vehicle or vehicles.|a style of unpolished, energetic rock music associated with suburban amateur bands.|a form of dance music incorporating elements of drum and bass, house music, and soul, characterized by a rhythm in which the second and fourth beats of the bar are omitted.


word: GARB
russian_word: одеяние
example: kids in combat garb
definition: clothing, especially of a distinctive or special kind.
origin: late 16th century: via French from Italian garbo ‘elegance’, of Germanic origin; related to gear.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡɑːb
phonetics_text: ɡɑːb
synonyms:
clothes|clothing|garments|attire|dress|costume|outfit|wear|uniform|turnout|array|livery|regalia|trappings|finery|gear|get-up|togs|garms|rig-out|duds|glad rags|clobber|threads|apparel|raiment|habiliment|habit|vestments


word: GARBAGE
russian_word: мусор
example: garbage littered the estate
definition: rubbish or waste, especially domestic refuse.
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘offal’): from Anglo-Norman French, of unknown ultimate origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ
synonyms:
refuse|domestic refuse|waste|waste material|debris|detritus|litter|junk|scrap|discarded matter|filth|swill|muck|dross|scraps|scourings|leftovers|remains|slops|rubbish|trash|mullock|drek|dreck|grot|gash|debitage|draff|raffle|raff|cultch|orts


word: GARBAGE COLLECTOR
russian_word: мусорщик
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a dustman.|a program that automatically removes unwanted data held temporarily in memory during processing.


word: GARBLE
russian_word: искажение
example: the connection was awful and kept garbling his voice
definition: reproduce (a message, sound, or transmission) in a confused and distorted way.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːb(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːb(ə)l
synonyms:
mix up|muddle|jumble|confuse|blur|slur|obscure|distort|twist|twist around|warp|misstate|misquote|misreport|misrepresent|mistranslate|misinterpret|misconstrue|tamper with|tinker with|change|alter|doctor|falsify|pervert|corrupt|adulterate|misarticulate|misrender

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘sift out, cleanse’): from Anglo-Latin and Italian garbellare, from Arabic ġarbala ‘sift’, perhaps from late Latin cribellare ‘to sieve’, from Latin cribrum ‘sieve’.


word: GARDEN
russian_word: сад
example: they brought us tomatoes from their garden|Madison Square Garden
synonyms: piece of land|plot|lawn|park|estate|grounds|yard|garth
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡɑːd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːd(ə)n
definition:
a piece of ground adjoining a house, in which grass, flowers, and shrubs may be grown.|a large public hall.

origin:
Middle English: from Old Northern French gardin, variant of Old French jardin, of Germanic origin; related to yard2.


word: GARFISH
russian_word: сарган
origin: Middle English: apparently from Old English gār ‘spear’ + fish1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːfɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːfɪʃ
definition:
any of a number of long, slender fish with elongated beaklike jaws containing sharply pointed teeth.


word: GARGANEY
russian_word: чирок
origin: mid 17th century: from Italian dialect garganei, of imitative origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːɡ(ə)ni
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːɡ(ə)ni
definition:
a small Eurasian duck, the male of which has a dark brown head with a white stripe from the eye to the neck.


word: GARGANTUAN
russian_word: гигантский
example: a gargantuan appetite
definition: enormous.
antonyms: tiny
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɡɑːˈɡantjʊən
phonetics_text: ɡɑːˈɡantjʊən
synonyms:
enormous|extremely big|extremely large|massive|huge|colossal|vast|immense|cosmic|tremendous|gigantic|giant|monstrous|towering|mammoth|prodigious|elephantine|mountainous|mighty|monumental|epic|king-size|king-sized|titanic|Herculean|Brobdingnagian|substantial|hefty|weighty|bulky|whopping|whopping great|thumping|thumping great|humongous|mega|monster|jumbo|hulking|bumper|whacking|whacking great|ginormous

origin:
late 16th century: from Gargantua, the name of a voracious giant in Rabelais' book of the same name (1534), + -an.


word: GARGET
russian_word: мастит
definition: inflammation of a cow's or ewe's udder.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːɡɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːɡɪt
origin:
early 18th century: perhaps a special use of Old French gargate ‘throat’; related to gargoyle. The term was used earlier to denote inflammation of the throat in cattle.


word: GARGLE
russian_word: полоскание
example: he gargled with alcohol for toothache
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːɡ(ə)l
definition:
wash one's mouth and throat with a liquid that is kept in motion by breathing through it with a gurgling sound.

origin:
early 16th century: from French gargouiller ‘gurgle, bubble’, from gargouille ‘throat’ (see gargoyle).


word: GARGOYLE
russian_word: горгулья
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːɡɔɪl
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːɡɔɪl
definition:
a grotesque carved human or animal face or figure projecting from the gutter of a building, typically acting as a spout to carry water clear of a wall.

origin:
Middle English: from Old French gargouille ‘throat’, also ‘gargoyle’ (because of the water passing through the throat and mouth of the figure); related to Greek gargarizein ‘to gargle’ (imitating the sounds made in the throat).


word: GARIBALDI
russian_word: женская свободная блуза с длинными рукавами
origin: mid 19th century: named after G. Garibaldi (see Garibaldi, Giuseppe).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡarɪˈbɔːldi
phonetics_text: ˌɡarɪˈbɔːldi|ˌɡarɪˈbaldi
definition:
a biscuit containing a layer of compressed currants.|a small bright orange marine fish found off California.|a woman's or child's loose blouse, originally bright red in imitation of the shirts worn by Garibaldi and his followers.


word: GARISH
russian_word: кричащий
example: garish shirts in all sorts of colours
definition: obtrusively bright and showy; lurid.
antonyms: drab|tasteful
origin: mid 16th century: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɛːrɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɛːrɪʃ
synonyms:
gaudy|lurid|loud|over-bright|harsh|glaring|violent|flashy|showy|glittering|brassy|brash|tasteless|in bad taste|vulgar|distasteful|unattractive|nauseating|bilious|sickly|flash|tacky


word: GARLAND
russian_word: гирлянда
synonyms: festoon|lei|wreath|chain|loop|ring|circle|swathe|swag|coronet|crown|coronal|chaplet|fillet|headband
origin: Middle English: from Old French garlande, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡɑːlənd
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːlənd
definition:
a wreath of flowers and leaves, worn on the head or hung as a decoration.|a prize or distinction.|a literary anthology or miscellany.


word: GARLIC
russian_word: чеснок
example: garlic butter
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːlɪk
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːlɪk
definition:
a strong-smelling pungent-tasting bulb, used as a flavouring in cooking and in herbal medicine.|the central Asian plant, closely related to the onion, which produces garlic.

origin:
Old English gārlēac, from gār  ‘spear’ (because the shape of a clove resembles the head of a spear) + lēac ‘leek’.


word: GARMENT
russian_word: одежда
example: a windproof outer garment
definition: an item of clothing.
origin: Middle English: from Old French garnement ‘equipment’, from garnir ‘equip’ (see garnish).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːm(ə)nt
synonyms:
item of clothing|article of clothing|item of dress|costume|outfit|habit|robe|shift|cover|covering|clothes|clothing|dress|garb|attire|get-up|rig-out|gear|togs|rags|duds|garms


word: GARNER
russian_word: амбар
example: the police struggled to garner sufficient evidence
definition: gather or collect (something, especially information or approval).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːnə
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːnə
synonyms:
gather|collect|accumulate|amass|assemble|store|lay up|lay by|put away|stow away|hoard|stockpile|reserve|save|preserve|stash away

origin:
Middle English (originally as a noun): from Old French gernier, from Latin granarium ‘granary’, from granum ‘grain’.


word: GARNET
russian_word: гранат
example: a garnet ring
definition: a precious stone consisting of a deep red vitreous silicate mineral.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːnɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːnɪt
origin:
Middle English: probably via Middle Dutch from Old French grenat, from medieval Latin granatus, perhaps from granatum (see pomegranate), because the garnet is similar in colour to the pulp of the fruit.


word: GARNISH
russian_word: гарнир
example: garnish each serving with a dollop of sour cream
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːnɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːnɪʃ
definition:
decorate or embellish (something, especially food).|serve notice on (a third party) for the purpose of legally seizing money belonging to a debtor or defendant.

synonyms:
decorate|adorn|trim|dress|ornament|embellish|enhance|grace|beautify|prettify|brighten up|set off|add the finishing touch to|jazz up

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘equip, arm’): from Old French garnir, probably of Germanic origin and related to warn. garnish (sense 1 of the verb) dates from the late 17th century.


word: GARNISHEE
russian_word: лицо, у которого находятся деньги должника
example: a garnishee order
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˌɡɑːnɪˈʃiː
phonetics_text: ˌɡɑːnɪˈʃiː
definition:
a third party who is instructed by way of legal notice to surrender money to settle a debt or claim.


word: GARNISHMENT
russian_word: наложение ареста
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːnɪʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːnɪʃm(ə)nt
definition:
a decoration or embellishment.|a court order directing that money or property of a third party (usually wages paid by an employer) be seized to satisfy a debt owed by a debtor to a plaintiff creditor.


word: GARRISON
russian_word: гарнизон
example: the entire garrison was mustered on the parade ground
definition: a group of troops stationed in a fortress or town to defend it.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡarɪs(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈɡarɪs(ə)n
synonyms:
armed force|force|military detachment|military unit|unit|platoon|brigade|regiment|squadron|battalion|company|legion|corps|troops|militia|soldiers

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘safety, means of protection’): from Old French garison, from garir ‘defend, provide’, of Germanic origin.


word: GARROTTE
russian_word: гаррота
example: he had been garrotted with piano wire
definition: kill (someone) by strangulation, especially with a length of wire or cord.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɡəˈrɒt
phonetics_text: ɡəˈrɒt
origin:
early 17th century: via French from Spanish garrote ‘a cudgel, a garrotte’, perhaps of Celtic origin.


word: GARRULITY
russian_word: болтливость
example: the character's comic garrulity
definition: excessive talkativeness, especially on trivial matters.
antonyms: taciturnity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡaˈruːlɪti
phonetics_text: ɡaˈruːlɪti
synonyms:
talkativeness|garrulousness|loquacity|loquaciousness|volubility|verbosity|verboseness|long-windedness|wordiness|chattiness|effusiveness|profuseness|communicativeness|expansiveness|mouthiness|gabbiness|windiness|gassiness|yakking|big mouth|gift of the gab|wittering|logorrhoea|multiloquence


word: GARRULOUS
russian_word: болтливый
example: a garrulous cab driver
definition: excessively talkative, especially on trivial matters.
antonyms: taciturn|reticent|concise
origin: early 17th century: from Latin garrulus (from garrire ‘to chatter, prattle’) + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡar(j)ʊləs
phonetics_text: ˈɡar(j)ʊləs
synonyms:
talkative|loquacious|voluble|verbose|long-winded|chatty|chattery|chattering|gossipy|gossiping|babbling|blathering|prattling|prating|jabbering|gushing|effusive|expansive|forthcoming|conversational|communicative|mouthy|gabby|gassy|windy|talky|yacking|big-mouthed|with the gift of the gab|wittering|gobby|multiloquent|multiloquous|wordy|prolix|lengthy|prolonged|rambling|wandering|maundering|meandering|digressive|diffuse|discursive|periphrastic


word: GARTER
russian_word: подвязка
example: she leaned back, showing the garter on her thigh
definition: a band worn around the leg to keep a stocking or sock up.|short for Order of the Garter.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɑːtə
phonetics_text: ˈɡɑːtə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French gartier, from garet ‘bend of the knee, calf of the leg’, probably of Celtic origin.


word: GAS
russian_word: газ
example: hot balls of gas that become stars|we stopped for gas|the party would be a gas
synonyms: gasoline|petrol|juice
part_of_speech: noun|verb|adjective
phonetic: ɡas
phonetics_text: ɡas
definition:
a substance or matter in a state in which it will expand freely to fill the whole of a container, having no fixed shape (unlike a solid) and no fixed volume (unlike a liquid).|short for gasoline.|an entertaining or amusing person or situation.

origin:
mid 17th century: invented by J. B. van Helmont (1577–1644), Belgian chemist, to denote an occult principle which he believed to exist in all matter; suggested by Greek khaos ‘chaos’, with Dutch g representing Greek kh .


word: GASBAG
russian_word: болтун
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡasbaɡ
phonetics_text: ˈɡasbaɡ
definition:
a person who talks excessively about trivial things.|the container holding the gas in a balloon or airship.


word: GASH
russian_word: глубокая рана
example: a bad gash in one leg became infected
definition: a long, deep cut or wound.|a woman's vulva.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡaʃ
phonetics_text: ɡaʃ
synonyms:
laceration|cut|slash|tear|gouge|puncture|score|incision|slit|split|rip|rent|nick|cleft|scratch|scrape|graze|abrasion|wound|injury|lesion|contusion|trauma|traumatism

origin:
Middle English garse, from Old French garcer ‘to chap, crack’, perhaps based on Greek kharassein ‘sharpen, scratch, engrave’. The current spelling is recorded from the mid 16th century.


word: GASKET
russian_word: прокладка
example: oil was leaking from the gasket between the drive flange and the hub
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaskɪt
phonetics_text: ˈɡaskɪt
definition:
a shaped sheet or ring of rubber or other material sealing the junction between two surfaces in an engine or other device.|a cord securing a furled sail to the yard of a sailing ship.

origin:
early 17th century (in gasket (sense 2)): perhaps from French garcette ‘thin rope’ (originally ‘little girl’), diminutive of garce, feminine of gars ‘boy’.


word: GASOMETER
russian_word: газометр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡaˈsɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: ɡaˈsɒmɪtə
definition:
a large metal tank, typically cylindrical, in which gas for use as fuel is stored before being distributed through pipes to consumers.

origin:
late 18th century (in the sense ‘container for holding or measuring a gas’): from French gazomètre, from gaz ‘gas’ + -mètre ‘(instrument) measuring’.


word: GASP
russian_word: удушье
example: a woman gasped in horror at the sight of him
definition: catch one's breath with an open mouth, owing to pain or astonishment.
origin: late Middle English: from Old Norse geispa ‘to yawn’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɡɑːsp
phonetics_text: ɡɑːsp
synonyms:
pant|puff|puff and pant|blow|heave|wheeze|breathe hard|breathe heavily|catch one's breath|draw in one's breath|gulp|choke|fight for breath|struggle for air


word: GASTRIN
russian_word: гастрин
origin: early 20th century: from gastric + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡastrɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɡastrɪn
definition:
a hormone which stimulates secretion of gastric juice and is secreted into the bloodstream by the stomach wall in response to the presence of food.


word: GASTROCNEMIUS
russian_word: икроножная мышца
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡastrə(ʊ)ˈkniːmɪəs
phonetics_text: ˌɡastrə(ʊ)ˈkniːmɪəs
definition:
the chief muscle of the calf of the leg, which flexes the knee and foot. It runs to the Achilles tendon from two heads attached to the femur.

origin:
late 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek gastroknēmia ‘calf of the leg’, from gaster, gastr- ‘stomach’ + knēmē ‘leg’ (from the bulging shape of the calf).


word: GASTROENTERITIS
russian_word: гастроэнтерит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡastrəʊɛntəˈrʌɪtɪs
phonetics_text: ˌɡastrəʊɛntəˈrʌɪtɪs
definition:
inflammation of the stomach and intestines, typically resulting from bacterial toxins or viral infection and causing vomiting and diarrhoea.


word: GASTROLITH
russian_word: безоар
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡastrə(ʊ)lɪθ
phonetics_text: ˈɡastrə(ʊ)lɪθ
definition:
a small stone swallowed by a bird, reptile, or fish to aid digestion in the gizzard.|a hard concretion in the stomach.


word: GASTRONOMY
russian_word: гастрономия
definition: the practice or art of choosing, cooking, and eating good food.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡaˈstrɒnəmi
phonetics_text: ɡaˈstrɒnəmi
origin:
early 19th century: from French gastronomie, from Greek gastronomia, alteration of gastrologia (see gastro-, -logy).


word: GASTRULA
russian_word: гаструла
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡastrʊlə
phonetics_text: ˈɡastrʊlə
definition:
an embryo at the stage following the blastula, when it is a hollow cup-shaped structure having three layers of cells.

origin:
late 19th century: modern Latin, from Greek gastēr, gastr- ‘stomach’ + the Latin diminutive ending -ula .


word: GATE
russian_word: ворота
example: she closed the front gate|an average home gate of more than 12,000|a logic gate
synonyms: barrier|wicket|wicket gate|lychgate|five-barred gate|turnstile|kissing gate|port|moon gate|pylon
origin: Old English gæt, geat, plural gatu, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch gat ‘gap, hole, breach’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ɡeɪt
definition:
a hinged barrier used to close an opening in a wall, fence, or hedge.|the number of people who pay to enter a sports ground for an event.|a device resembling a gate in structure or function.|an electric circuit with an output which depends on the combination of several inputs.


word: GATED
russian_word: закрытый
example: a gated road
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪtɪd
definition:
having gates to control the movement of traffic, people, or animals.|denoting a channel or pathway through a system that can be opened and closed depending on set conditions.


word: GATEFOLD
russian_word: длинная страница
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪtfəʊld
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪtfəʊld
definition:
an oversized page in a book or magazine folded to the same size as the other pages but intended to be opened out for reading.


word: GATEHOUSE
russian_word: сторожка у ворот
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪthaʊs
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪthaʊs
definition:
a house standing by a gateway, especially on a country estate.|a room over a city or palace gate, often used as a prison.


word: GATEKEEPER
russian_word: привратник
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪtkiːpə
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪtkiːpə
definition:
an attendant employed to control who goes through a gate.|an orange and brown European butterfly with small eyespots on the wings, frequenting hedgerows and woods.


word: GATEKEEPING
russian_word: контроль на входе
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪtkiːpɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪtkiːpɪŋ
example:
Wal-Mart's cultural gatekeeping has served to narrow the mainstream for entertainment offerings|a gatekeeping mechanism that allows reads under some circumstances and blocks them under others

definition:
the activity of controlling, and usually limiting, general access to something.|a function or system that controls access or operations to files, computers, networks, or the like.


word: GATEWAY
russian_word: шлюз
example: we turned into a gateway leading to a cottage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪtweɪ
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪtweɪ
definition:
an opening that can be closed by a gate.|a device used to connect two different networks, especially a connection to the internet.


word: GATHER
russian_word: собирать
antonyms: scatter
origin: Old English gaderian, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch gaderen, also to together.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ˈɡaðə
phonetics_text: ˈɡaðə
example:
as soon as a crowd gathered, the police came|information that we have gathered about people|the destroyer gathered speed|I gathered that they were old friends|she lay gathering her thoughts together|the front is gathered at the waist

definition:
come together; assemble or accumulate.|bring together and take in from scattered places or sources.|increase in (speed, force, etc.).|infer; understand.|summon up (a mental or physical attribute) for a purpose.|draw and hold together (fabric or a part of a garment) by running thread through it.

synonyms:
congregate|convene|assemble|meet|collect|come/get together|muster|rally|converge|cluster together|crowd|mass|flock together|foregather


word: GATHERING
russian_word: сбор
example: a family gathering
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡað(ə)rɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡað(ə)rɪŋ
definition:
an assembly or meeting, especially one held for a specific purpose.|a group of leaves taken together, one inside another, in binding a book.

synonyms:
assembly|meeting|meet|convention|rally|turnout|congress|convocation|conclave|council|synod|symposium|forum|muster|tweetup|assemblage|collection|company|congregation|audience|crowd|throng|mass|multitude|group|party|band|knot|flock|mob|horde|pack|get-together|concourse|conventicle


word: GAUCHE
russian_word: неловкий
example: a shy and gauche teenager
definition: unsophisticated and socially awkward.
antonyms: elegant|sophisticated
origin: mid 18th century: French, literally ‘left’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɡəʊʃ
phonetics_text: ɡəʊʃ
synonyms:
awkward|gawky|inelegant|graceless|ungraceful|ungainly|bumbling|maladroit|inept|socially awkward|socially inept|lacking in social grace(s)|unpolished|unsophisticated|uncultured|uncultivated|unrefined|raw|inexperienced|uneducated|unworldly


word: GAUD
russian_word: мишура
example: displays of overpriced gauds
definition: a showy and purely ornamental thing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡɔːd
phonetics_text: ɡɔːd
origin:
Middle English (denoting a trick or pretence): perhaps via Anglo-Norman French from Old French gaudir ‘rejoice’, from Latin gaudere ; perhaps influenced by obsolete gaud ‘ornamental bead in a rosary’.


word: GAUDY
russian_word: безвкусный
example: silver bows and gaudy ribbons
definition: extravagantly bright or showy, typically so as to be tasteless.
antonyms: drab|tasteful
origin: late 15th century: probably from gaud + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɔːdi
phonetics_text: ˈɡɔːdi
synonyms:
garish|lurid|loud|over-bright|glaring|harsh|violent|flashy|showy|glittering|brassy|ostentatious|tasteless|in bad taste|vulgar|distasteful|unattractive|nauseating|bilious|sickly|flash|tacky|bling


word: GAUGE
russian_word: калибр
example: a fuel gauge|the French fleet was heavily outnumbered but had the weather gage
synonyms: measuring instrument|measuring device|meter|measure|indicator|dial|scale|index|display
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡeɪdʒ
phonetics_text: ɡeɪdʒ
definition:
an instrument that measures and gives a visual display of the amount, level, or contents of something.|the thickness, size, or capacity of something, especially as a standard measure.|the position of a sailing ship to windward ( the weather gage ) or leeward ( the lee gage ) of another.

origin:
Middle English (denoting a standard measure): from Old French gauge (noun), gauger (verb), variant of Old Northern French jauge (noun), jauger (verb), of unknown origin.


word: GAUNT
russian_word: изможденный
example: a tall, gaunt woman in black
definition: (of a person) lean and haggard, especially because of suffering, hunger, or age.
antonyms: plump
origin: late Middle English: of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ɡɔːnt
phonetics_text: ɡɔːnt
synonyms:
haggard|drawn|cadaverous|skeletal|emaciated|skin-and-bones|skinny|spindly|thin|over-thin|size-zero|spare|bony|angular|lank|lean|raw-boned|pinched|hollow-cheeked|hollow-eyed|lantern-jawed|scrawny|scraggy|shrivelled|wasted|withered|raddled|as thin as a rake|as thin as a reed|without an ounce of fat|looking like death warmed up|looking like a bag of bones|spindle-shanked|starveling


word: GAUR
russian_word: гаур
origin: early 19th century: from Sanskrit gaura ; related to cow1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡaʊə
phonetics_text: ˈɡaʊə
definition:
a wild ox having a large head, a dark brown or black coat with white stockings, and a hump, native to India and Malaysia.


word: GAUZY
russian_word: просвечивающий
example: a gauzy dress
definition: resembling gauze; thin and translucent.
antonyms: thick|coarse
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɔːzi
phonetics_text: ˈɡɔːzi
synonyms:
translucent|transparent|sheer|see-through|gauze-like|fine|ultra-fine|delicate|flimsy|filmy|gossamer|gossamer-like|diaphanous|chiffony|wispy|thin|light|airy|insubstantial|floaty


word: GAVAGE
russian_word: кормление через желудочный зонд
origin: late 19th century: French, from gaver ‘force-feed’, from a base meaning ‘throat’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡaˈvɑːʒ
phonetics_text: ɡaˈvɑːʒ
definition:
the administration of food or drugs by force, especially to an animal, typically through a tube leading down the throat to the stomach.


word: GAVEL
russian_word: молоток
origin: early 19th century (originally US in the sense ‘stonemason's mallet’): of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈɡav(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈɡav(ə)l
definition:
a small hammer with which an auctioneer, a judge, or the chair of a meeting hits a surface to call for attention or order.


word: GAWK
russian_word: таращить глаза
example: they were gawking at some pin-up
definition: stare openly and stupidly.
origin: late 17th century (as a noun): perhaps related to obsolete gaw ‘to gaze’, from Old Norse gá ‘heed’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɡɔːk
phonetics_text: ɡɔːk
synonyms:
gape|goggle|gaze|ogle|stare|stare stupidly|stare open-mouthed|stare in wonder|look fixedly|look vacantly|rubberneck|gawp


word: GAWKY
russian_word: неуклюжий
example: a gawky teenager
definition: nervously awkward and ungainly.
antonyms: graceful|adroit
origin: early 18th century (as a noun): from gawk + -y1.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɔːki
phonetics_text: ˈɡɔːki
synonyms:
awkward|ungainly|inelegant|graceless|ungraceful|gauche|maladroit|inept|bumbling|blundering|lumbering|socially awkward|socially unsure|unpolished|unsophisticated|uncultured|uncultivated|unworldly|nervous|shy|bashful|nervy


word: GAY
russian_word: гей
antonyms: heterosexual|straight
origin: Middle English (in gay (sense 2 of the adjective)): from Old French gai, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ɡeɪ
phonetics_text: ɡeɪ
example:
the city's gay and lesbian people|Nan had a gay disposition and a very pretty face|he thinks the obsession with celebrity is totally gay

definition:
(of a person) homosexual (used especially of a man).|light-hearted and carefree.|foolish, stupid, or unimpressive.

synonyms:
homosexual|lesbian|lesbigay|LGBT|GLBT|homophile|Uranian|pink|lavender|swinging the other way|that way|queer


word: GAZANIA
russian_word: Газания
origin: modern Latin, named after Theodore of Gaza (1398–1478), Greek scholar.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈzeɪnɪə
phonetics_text: ɡəˈzeɪnɪə
definition:
a tropical herbaceous plant of the daisy family, with showy flowers that are typically orange or yellow.


word: GAZE
russian_word: посмотреть
example: he could only gaze at her in astonishment
definition: look steadily and intently, especially in admiration, surprise, or thought.
origin: late Middle English: perhaps related to obsolete gaw (see gawk).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: ɡeɪz
phonetics_text: ɡeɪz
synonyms:
stare|look fixedly|look vacantly|look|take a good look|gape|goggle|peer|leer|ogle|eye|contemplate|survey|scan|study|gawk at|rubberneck at|give something the once-over|get a load of|check out|gawp at|eyeball|behold


word: GAZEBO
russian_word: бельведер
synonyms: summer house|pavilion|belvedere|arbour|bower|shelter|hut|shed|kiosk
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈziːbəʊ
phonetics_text: ɡəˈziːbəʊ
definition:
a small building, especially one in the garden of a house, that gives a wide view of the surrounding area.

origin:
mid 18th century: perhaps humorously from gaze, in imitation of Latin future tenses ending in -ebo : compare with lavabo.


word: GAZELLE
russian_word: газель
origin: early 17th century: from French, probably via Spanish from Arabic ghazāl .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡəˈzɛl
phonetics_text: ɡəˈzɛl
definition:
a small, slender antelope that typically has curved horns and a fawn-coloured coat with white underparts, found in open country in Africa and Asia.


word: GAZETTE
russian_word: правительственный бюллетень
example: the Westmorland Gazette
definition: a journal or newspaper.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡəˈzɛt
phonetics_text: ɡəˈzɛt
synonyms:
newspaper|paper|tabloid|broadsheet|journal|periodical|weekly|organ|news-sheet|newsletter|bulletin|digest|review|rag|scandal sheet|tab|eveninger|extra

origin:
early 17th century: via French from Italian gazzetta, originally Venetian gazeta de la novità ‘a halfpennyworth of news’ (because the news-sheet sold for a gazeta, a Venetian coin of small value).


word: GAZETTEER
russian_word: географический справочник
example: a gazetteer of place names of the Aegean
definition: a geographical index or dictionary.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌɡazəˈtɪə
phonetics_text: ˌɡazəˈtɪə
origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘journalist’): via French from Italian gazzettiere, from gazzetta (see gazette). The current sense comes from a late 17th-century gazetteer called The Gazetteer's: or, Newsman's Interpreter: Being a Geographical Index .


word: GAZUMP
russian_word: надувать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɡəˈzʌmp
phonetics_text: ɡəˈzʌmp
example:
the trio are fuming after they were gazumped by a property speculator|I gazumped a friend of mine with complete success last night

definition:
make a higher offer for a house than (someone whose offer has already been accepted by the seller) and thus succeed in acquiring the property.|swindle (someone).

origin:
1920s (in gazump (sense 2)): from Yiddish gezumph ‘overcharge’. gazump (sense 1) dates from the 1970s.


word: GEAR
russian_word: передача
example: a racing bike with ten-speed gears|camping gear
synonyms: gearwheel|toothed wheel|cog|cogwheel|gear ratio|speed
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡɪə
phonetics_text: ɡɪə
definition:
a toothed wheel that works with others to alter the relation between the speed of a driving mechanism (such as the engine of a vehicle) and the speed of the driven parts (the wheels).|equipment or apparatus that is used for a particular purpose.

origin:
Middle English: of Scandinavian origin; compare with Old Norse gervi . Early senses expressed the general meaning ‘equipment or apparatus’, later ‘mechanism’: hence gear (sense 1 of the noun) (early 19th century).


word: GEARED
russian_word: направлена
example: a geared engine|highly geared companies
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈɡɪəd
phonetics_text: ˈɡɪəd
definition:
fitted with gears.|(of a company) having a specified ratio of loan capital (debt) to the value of its ordinary shares (equity).


word: GEARING
russian_word: зубчатая передача
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɪərɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɪərɪŋ
example:
the mill's internal waterwheel and gearing survive|the firm expects its gearing to rise to 20 per cent

definition:
the set or arrangement of gears in a machine.|the ratio of a company's loan capital (debt) to the value of its ordinary shares (equity).


word: GEAR UP
russian_word: запрягать
example: the region geared up for the tourist season|the group will be gearing up this year
definition:
change to a higher gear.|prepare or equip oneself for something; get ready.|(of a company) increase its borrowings.

synonyms:
prepare|make preparations|make provisions|get everything ready|make ready|take the necessary steps|do the necessary|get ready|arrange things|make provision|get everything set|lay the groundwork|do the spadework|gird up one's loins|rig oneself out|arm oneself|kit oneself out|psych oneself up


word: GECKO
russian_word: геккон
origin: late 18th century: from Malay dialect geko, gekok, imitative of its cry.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡɛkəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈɡɛkəʊ
definition:
a nocturnal and often highly vocal lizard which has adhesive pads on the feet to assist in climbing on smooth surfaces. It is widespread in warm regions.


word: GEEK
russian_word: Компьютерщик
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ɡiːk
phonetics_text: ɡiːk
definition:
an unfashionable or socially inept person.|a performer at a carnival or circus whose show consists of bizarre or grotesque acts.

origin:
late 19th century: from the related English dialect word geck ‘fool’, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch gek ‘mad, silly’.


word: GEGENSCHEIN
russian_word: ложное солнце
origin: late 19th century: German Gegenschein, from gegen ‘opposite’ + Schein ‘glow, shine’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈɡeɪɡənˌʃʌɪn
phonetics_text: ˈɡeɪɡənˌʃʌɪn
definition:
a patch of very faint nebulous light sometimes seen in the night sky opposite the position of the sun. It is thought to be the image of the sun reflected from gas and dust outside the atmosphere.


word: GEL
russian_word: гель
example: hair gel
origin: late 19th century: abbreviation of gelatin. See also jell.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʒɛl
phonetics_text: dʒɛl
definition:
a a thick, clear, slightly sticky substance, especially one used in cosmetic or medicinal products.|a semi-rigid slab or cylinder of an organic polymer used as a medium for the separation of macromolecules.


word: GELATIN
russian_word: желатин
example: stir the gelatin into the salmon mixture
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛlətɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛlətɪn
definition:
a virtually colourless and tasteless water-soluble protein prepared from collagen and used in food preparation, in photographic processes, and in glue.|a high explosive consisting chiefly of a gel of nitroglycerine with added cellulose nitrate.

origin:
early 19th century: from French gélatine, from Italian gelatina, from gelata, from Latin (see jelly1).


word: GELATINOUS
russian_word: желатиновый
example: a sweet, gelatinous drink
definition: having the consistency of jelly.
antonyms: runny
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʒɪˈlatɪnəs
phonetics_text: dʒɪˈlatɪnəs
synonyms:
jelly-like|glutinous|ropy|gummy|sticky|gluey|slimy|thick|viscous|mucilaginous|colloidal|viscid|gooey|gunky|gloopy|cloggy|icky|gloppy|viscoid


word: GELD
russian_word: кастрировать
definition: castrate (a male animal).
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse gelda, from geldr ‘barren’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ɡɛld
phonetics_text: ɡɛld
synonyms:
castrate|neuter|cut|desex|remove the testicles of|alter|doctor|fix|caponize|emasculate|eunuchize|evirate


word: GELID
russian_word: ледяной
example: the gelid pond
definition: icy; extremely cold.
antonyms: hot
origin: early 17th century: from Latin gelidus, from gelu ‘frost, intense cold’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʒɛlɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛlɪd
synonyms:
frozen|freezing|icy|ice-cold|arctic|glacial|polar|frosty|wintry|snowy|bitterly cold|sub-zero|chilly|Siberian|hyperborean|hyperboreal|Baltic|algid


word: GELIGNITE
russian_word: гелигнит
origin: late 19th century: probably from gelatin + Latin ( l)ignis ‘wood’ + -ite1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛlɪɡnʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛlɪɡnʌɪt
definition:
a high explosive made from a gel of nitroglycerine and nitrocellulose in a base of wood pulp and sodium or potassium nitrate, used particularly for rock-blasting.


word: GELT
russian_word: кастрированный
definition: money.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡɛlt
phonetics_text: ɡɛlt
origin:
early 16th century (originally often used to refer to the pay of a German army): from German Geld ‘money’.


word: GEM
russian_word: жемчужина
example: a pagoda embellished with precious gems|this architectural gem of a palace
antonyms: dregs
synonyms: jewel|precious stone|semi-precious stone|stone|solitaire|brilliant|baguette|cabochon|bijou
origin: Old English gim, from Latin gemma ‘bud, jewel’; influenced in Middle English by Old French gemme .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʒɛm
phonetics_text: dʒɛm
definition:
a precious or semi-precious stone, especially when cut and polished or engraved.|an outstanding person or thing.


word: GEMATRIA
russian_word: гиматрия
origin: mid 17th century: from Aramaic gīmaṭrĕyā, from Greek gēometria (see geometry).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ɡɪˈmeɪtrɪə
phonetics_text: ɡɪˈmeɪtrɪə
definition:
a Kabbalistic method of interpreting the Hebrew scriptures by computing the numerical value of words, based on the values of their constituent letters.


word: GEMINATE
russian_word: удваивать
example: consonants motivating a short vowel were all originally geminate
definition: consisting of identical adjacent speech sounds; doubled.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin geminatus, past participle of geminare ‘double, pair with’, from geminus ‘twin’.


word: GEMMULE
russian_word: почечка
origin: mid 19th century: from French, from Latin gemmula, diminutive of gemma ‘bud, jewel’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛmjuːl
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛmjuːl
definition:
a tough-coated dormant cluster of embryonic cells produced by a freshwater sponge for development in more favourable conditions.


word: GEMSBOK
russian_word: Сернобык
origin: late 18th century: via Afrikaans from Dutch, literally ‘chamois’, from gems ‘chamois’ + bok ‘buck’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈxɛmzbɒk
phonetics_text: ˈxɛmzbɒk|ˈxɛmsbɒk
definition:
a large antelope that has a grey coat, distinctive black-and-white head markings, and long straight horns, native to south-western and East Africa.


word: GEN
russian_word: поколения
example: you've got more gen on him than we have
definition: information.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʒɛn
phonetics_text: dʒɛn
origin:
Second World War (originally used in the armed services): perhaps from the first syllable of general information .


word: GENDARME
russian_word: жандарм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈʒɒndɑːm
phonetics_text: ˈʒɒndɑːm|French ʒɑ̃daʀm
example:
he was hauled off by a gendarme to the police station|the granite pillars and gendarmes kept the sun from warming us

definition:
a paramilitary police officer in France and other French-speaking countries.|a rock pinnacle on a mountain, occupying and blocking an arête.

origin:
mid 16th century (originally denoting a mounted officer in the French army): French, from gens d'armes ‘men of arms’. gendarme (sense 1) dates from the late 18th century.


word: GENDER
russian_word: пол
example: a condition that affects people of both genders
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛndə
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛndə
definition:
either of the two sexes (male and female), especially when considered with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. The term is also used more broadly to denote a range of identities that do not correspond to established ideas of male and female.|(in languages such as Latin, French, and German) each of the classes (typically masculine, feminine, common, neuter) of nouns and pronouns distinguished by the different inflections which they have and which they require in words syntactically associated with them. Grammatical gender is only very loosely associated with natural distinctions of sex.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French gendre (modern genre ), based on Latin genus ‘birth, family, nation’. The earliest meanings were ‘kind, sort, genus’ and ‘type or class of noun, etc.’ (which was also a sense of Latin genus ).


word: GENE
russian_word: ген
example: playing tennis is in my genes
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʒiːn
phonetics_text: dʒiːn
definition:
(in informal use) a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

origin:
early 20th century: from German Gen, from Pangen, a supposed ultimate unit of heredity (from Greek pan- ‘all’ + genos ‘race, kind, offspring’).


word: GENEALOGICAL
russian_word: генеалогический
example: genealogical research
definition: relating to the study or tracing of lines of family descent.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʒiːnɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌdʒiːnɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l|ˌdʒɛnɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l
origin:
late 16th century: from French généalogique, via medieval Latin from Greek genealogikos, from genealogia (see genealogy).


word: GENEALOGY
russian_word: генеалогия
example: the genealogies of the kings of Mercia
definition: a line of descent traced continuously from an ancestor.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʒiːnɪˈalədʒi
phonetics_text: dʒiːnɪˈalədʒi|dʒɛnɪˈalədʒi
synonyms:
pedigree|ancestry|descent|lineage|line|line of descent|family tree|extraction|derivation|origin|heritage|parentage|paternity|birth|family|dynasty|house|race|strain|stock|breed|blood|bloodline|history|background|roots|stirps|filiation|stemma

origin:
Middle English: via Old French and late Latin from Greek genealogia, from genea ‘race, generation’ + -logia (see -logy).


word: GENERAL
russian_word: общий
antonyms: restricted|localized
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛn(ə)r(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛn(ə)r(ə)l
example:
books of general interest|the arrangements were outlined in very general terms|the Director General of the BBC

definition:
affecting or concerning all or most people or things; widespread.|considering or including only the main features or elements of something; not exact or detailed.|chief or principal.

synonyms:
widespread|common|extensive|universal|wide|popular|public|mainstream|prevalent|prevailing|rife|established|well established|conventional|traditional|traditionalist|orthodox|accepted|in circulation|in force|in vogue|comprehensive|overall|across the board|blanket|umbrella|mass|total|complete|wholesale|sweeping|panoramic|broad|broad-ranging|extended|inclusive|all-inclusive|all-round|generic|outright|encyclopedic|indiscriminate|catholic|global|worldwide|international|nationwide|countrywide|coast-to-coast|company-wide

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin generalis, from genus, gener- ‘class, race, kind’. The noun primarily denotes a person having overall authority: the sense ‘army commander’ is an abbreviation of captain general, from French capitaine général ‘commander-in-chief’.


word: GENERALITY
russian_word: всеобщность
definition: a statement or principle having general rather than specific validity or force.|the majority.
antonyms: specific
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʒɛnəˈralɪti
phonetics_text: dʒɛnəˈralɪti
example:
he confined his remarks to generalities|his service was better than that offered by the generality of doctors

synonyms:
generalization|general statement|general principle|general truth|non-specific statement|loose/vague statement|indefinite statement|sweeping statement|abstraction|extrapolation

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French generalite, from late Latin generalitas, from generalis (see general).


word: GENERALIZE
russian_word: обобщать
example: it is not easy to generalize about the poor|attempts to generalize an elite education
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘reduce to a general statement’): from general + -ize.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəlʌɪz
definition:
make a general or broad statement by inferring from specific cases.|make (something) more widespread or widely applicable.


word: GENERALLY
russian_word: обычно
antonyms: occasionally
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəli
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəli
example:
the term of a lease is generally 99 years|a decade when France was moving generally to the left|the best scheme is generally reckoned to be the Canadian one

definition:
in most cases; usually.|in general terms; without regard to particulars or exceptions.|by or to most people; widely.

synonyms:
normally|in general|as a (general) rule|in the general run of things|by and large|more often than not|almost always|in the main|mainly|mostly|for the most part|in most cases|most of the time|predominantly|on the whole|usually|habitually|customarily|standardly|routinely|regularly|typically|ordinarily|commonly|conventionally|traditionally|historically


word: GENERAL PRACTITIONER
russian_word: врач общей практики
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a doctor based in the community who treats patients with minor or chronic illnesses and refers those with serious conditions to a hospital.


word: GENERATE
russian_word: генерировать
example: changes which are likely to generate controversy
definition: produce or create.
antonyms: destroy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdʒɛnəreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛnəreɪt
synonyms:
cause|give rise to|lead to|result in|bring about|bring into being|create|make|produce|initiate|engender|spawn|sow the seeds of|occasion|effect|originate|bring to pass|bring on|precipitate|prompt|provoke|kindle|trigger|spark off|touch off|stir up|whip up|induce|inspire|promote|foster|conjure|beget|enkindle|effectuate

origin:
early 16th century (in the sense ‘beget, procreate’): from Latin generat- ‘created’, from the verb generare, from genus, gener- ‘stock, race’.


word: GENERATION
russian_word: поколение
example: one of his generation's finest songwriters|methods of electricity generation
antonyms: destruction
synonyms: age|age group|peer group|cohort|stage of life
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin generatio(n- ), from the verb generare (see generate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
all of the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively.|the production or creation of something.


word: GENERATIONAL
russian_word: поколений
example: generational differences in television usage
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n(ə)l
definition:
relating to or characteristic of all the people born and living at about the same time, regarded collectively.


word: GENERATIVE
russian_word: порождающий
example: the female reproductive system and its generative cycles|generative phonology
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin generativus, from generare ‘beget’ (see generate).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rətɪv
definition:
relating to or capable of production or reproduction.|denoting an approach to any field of linguistics that involves applying a finite set of rules to linguistic input in order to produce all and only the well-formed items of a language.


word: GENERATOR
russian_word: генератор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛnəreɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛnəreɪtə
definition:
a person or thing that generates something.|a dynamo or similar machine for converting mechanical energy into electricity.


word: GENERIC
russian_word: общий
example: chèvre is a generic term for all goat's milk cheese
definition: characteristic of or relating to a class or group of things; not specific.|relating to a genus.
antonyms: specific
origin: late 17th century: from French générique, from Latin genus, gener- ‘stock, race’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dʒɪˈnɛrɪk
phonetics_text: dʒɪˈnɛrɪk
synonyms:
general|common|collective|non-specific|inclusive|all-inclusive|all-encompassing|broad|comprehensive|blanket|umbrella|sweeping|universal|cross-disciplinary|interdisciplinary|multidisciplinary


word: GENERICALLY
russian_word: в общем
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dʒɪˈnɛrɪkli
phonetics_text: dʒɪˈnɛrɪkli
example:
what most writers generically refer to as ‘world music’|the group of aerobic bacteria generically designated as actinomycetes

definition:
in a way that relates to a class or group of similar things; not specifically.|with reference to genus.


word: GENEROSITY
russian_word: щедрость
definition: the quality of being kind and generous.|the quality or fact of being plentiful or large.
antonyms: meanness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʒɛnəˈrɒsəti
phonetics_text: dʒɛnəˈrɒsəti
example:
I was overwhelmed by the generosity of friends and neighbours|diners certainly cannot complain about the generosity of portions

synonyms:
liberality|lavishness|magnanimity|magnanimousness|munificence|open-handedness|free-handedness|bounty|unselfishness|indulgence|prodigality|princeliness|bounteousness|benignancy|liberalness|kindness|kindliness|benevolence|beneficence|altruism|charity|philanthropism|nobility|nobleness|loftiness|high-mindedness|big-heartedness|honourableness|honour|goodness|self-sacrifice|lack of prejudice|disinterest

origin:
late Middle English (denoting nobility of birth): from Latin generositas, from generosus ‘magnanimous’ (see generous). Current senses date from the 17th century.


word: GENEROUS
russian_word: щедрый
example: a generous benefactor to the University|a generous helping of pasta
antonyms: selfish
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəs
definition:
showing a readiness to give more of something, especially money, than is strictly necessary or expected.|(of a thing) larger or more plentiful than is usual or necessary.

synonyms:
liberal|lavish|magnanimous|munificent|giving|open-handed|free-handed|bountiful|unselfish|ungrudging|unstinting|unsparing|free|indulgent|prodigal|princely|bounteous|plenteous|eleemosynary|benignant

origin:
late 16th century: via Old French from Latin generosus ‘noble, magnanimous’, from genus, gener- ‘stock, race’. The original sense was ‘of noble birth’, hence ‘characteristic of noble birth, courageous, magnanimous, not mean’.


word: GENEROUSLY
russian_word: щедро
example: everyone is asked to give generously to this worthy cause|generously butter a pudding dish
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəsli
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛn(ə)rəsli
definition:
in a way that shows a readiness to give more of something, especially money, than is necessary or expected.|enough or more than enough in size or amount; plentifully.


word: GENESIS
russian_word: генезис
example: this tale had its genesis in fireside stories
definition: the origin or mode of formation of something.
origin: early 17th century: from Greek (see Genesis).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs
synonyms:
origin|source|root|beginning|commencement|start|outset|formation|emergence|development|evolution|coming into being|inception|origination|birth|creation|shaping|formulation|invention|engendering|generation|propagation


