# Dictionary_data_final

word: DECANI
russian_word: Дечани
origin: mid 18th century: from Latin, literally ‘of the dean’ (see dean1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈkeɪnʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈkeɪnʌɪ
definition:
the section of a church or cathedral choir conventionally placed on the south side and taking the first or higher part in antiphonal singing.


word: DECANT
russian_word: сцеживать
example: he decanted the rich red liquid into some glasses
synonyms: pour out|pour off|draw off|siphon off|drain|tap|tip|discharge|transfer
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈkant
phonetics_text: dɪˈkant
definition:
gradually pour (wine, port, or another liquid) from one container into another, typically in order to separate out sediment.

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin decanthare, from Latin de- ‘away from’ + canthus ‘edge, rim’ (used to denote the angular lip of a beaker), from Greek kanthos ‘corner of the eye’.


word: DECAPITATE
russian_word: обезглавить
example: with one swift movement, he decapitated the king
definition: cut off the head of (someone).
synonyms: behead|cut off the head of|guillotine|put on the block|decollate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈkapɪteɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈkapɪteɪt
origin:
early 17th century: from late Latin decapitat- ‘decapitated’, from the verb decapitare, from de- (expressing removal) + caput, capit- ‘head’.


word: DECARBONIZE
russian_word: обезуглероживать
example: policies to decarbonize the UK economy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈkɑːb(ə)nʌɪz
phonetics_text: diːˈkɑːb(ə)nʌɪz
definition:
reduce the amount of gaseous carbon compounds released in or as a result of (an environment or process).


word: DECATHLON
russian_word: десятиборье
origin: early 20th century: from deca- ‘ten’ + Greek athlon ‘contest’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈkaθlɒn
phonetics_text: dɪˈkaθlɒn|dɪˈkaθlən
definition:
an athletic event taking place over two days, in which each competitor takes part in the same prescribed ten events (100 metres sprint, long jump, shot-put, high jump, 400 metres, 110 metres hurdles, discus, pole vault, javelin, and 1,500 metres).


word: DECAY
russian_word: распад
example: the body had begun to decay
definition: (of organic matter) rot or decompose through the action of bacteria and fungi.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈkeɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈkeɪ
synonyms:
decompose|rot|putrefy|go bad|go off|spoil|fester|perish|deteriorate|degrade|break down|break up|moulder|shrivel|shrivel up|wither|mortify|necrotize|sphacelate|corrupt

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French decair, based on Latin decidere ‘fall down or off’, from de- ‘from’ + cadere ‘fall’.


word: DECAYED
russian_word: гнилой
example: decayed animal and plant matter
definition: having rotted or decomposed.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈkeɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈkeɪd
synonyms:
decomposed|decomposing|rotten|rotting|putrescent|putrid|bad|off|spoiled|spoilt|perished|mouldy|mouldering|mildewy|festering|fetid|stinking|smelly|rancid|rank|maggoty|worm-eaten|wormy|flyblown


word: DECAYING
russian_word: разлагающийся
example: the odour of decaying fish
definition: rotting or decomposing through the action of bacteria and fungi.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈkeɪɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈkeɪɪŋ
synonyms:
decomposing|decomposed|rotting|rotten|putrescent|putrid|bad|off|spoiled|spoilt|perished|mouldy|mouldering|festering|fetid|stinking|smelly|rancid|rank|maggoty|worm-eaten|wormy|flyblown


word: DECEASE
russian_word: смерть
example: he held the post until his untimely decease in 1991
definition: a person's death.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈsiːs
phonetics_text: dɪˈsiːs
synonyms:
death|dying|demise|end|passing|passing away|passing on|loss of life|departure from life|expiry|expiration|final exit|eternal rest|snuffing|curtains|kicking the bucket|croaking|quietus

origin:
Middle English: from Old French deces, from Latin decessus ‘death’, past participle (used as a noun) of decedere ‘to die’.


word: DECEIT
russian_word: обман
example: a web of deceit
definition: the action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth.
antonyms: honesty
origin: Middle English: from Old French, past participle (used as a noun) of deceveir ‘deceive’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsiːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsiːt
synonyms:
deception|deceitfulness|duplicity|double-dealing|fraud|fraudulence|cheating|trickery|duping|hoodwinking|chicanery|underhandedness|deviousness|slyness|cunning|craftiness|craft|wiliness|artfulness|guile|dissimulation|dissembling|bluff|bluffing|lying|pretence|artifice|treachery|crookedness|monkey business|funny business|hanky-panky|jiggery-pokery|monkeyshines|codology|management|knavery|sham|imposture|hoax|fake|misrepresentation|blind|wile|Trojan horse|trick|stratagem|device|ruse|scheme|dodge|manoeuvre|contrivance|machination|subterfuge|cheat|swindle|confidence trick|con|con trick|set-up|game|scam|sting|gyp|leg-pull|flimflam|wheeze|bunco|grift|lurk|rort|schlenter|flanker|shift|fetch|rig


word: DECEITFUL
russian_word: лживый
example: a deceitful politician
definition: guilty of or involving deceit; deceiving or misleading others.
antonyms: honest|true
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsiːtfʊl
phonetics_text: dɪˈsiːtfʊl|dɪˈsiːtf(ə)l
synonyms:
dishonest|untruthful|lying|mendacious|insincere|false|deceiving|dissembling|disingenuous|untrustworthy|unscrupulous|unprincipled|two-faced|duplicitous|double-dealing|cheating|underhand|crafty|cunning|sly|guileful|scheming|calculating|conniving|designing|hypocritical|perfidious|treacherous|Machiavellian|Janus-faced|sneaky|tricky|foxy|crooked|sharp|shady|shifty|slippery|bent|slim|subtle|hollow-hearted|false-hearted|double-faced|truthless|Punic|fraudulent|counterfeit|fabricated|invented|concocted|made up|trumped up|untrue|hollow|sham|bogus|fake|illusory|spurious|specious|fallacious|deceptive|misleading|misguided|distorted|fakey|economical with the truth


word: DECEIVE
russian_word: обманывать
example: I didn't intend to deceive people into thinking it was French champagne
definition: deliberately cause (someone) to believe something that is not true, especially for personal gain.
origin: Middle English: from Old French deceivre, from Latin decipere ‘catch, ensnare, cheat’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsiːv
phonetics_text: dɪˈsiːv
synonyms:
swindle|defraud|cheat|trick|hoodwink|hoax|dupe|take in|mislead|delude|fool|outwit|misguide|lead on|inveigle|seduce|ensnare|entrap|beguile|double-cross|gull|con|bamboozle|do|sting|gyp|diddle|rip off|shaft|bilk|rook|pull a fast one on|pull someone's leg|take for a ride|throw dust in someone's eyes|put one over on|take to the cleaners|fiddle|swizzle|sell a pup to|sucker|snooker|stiff|euchre|bunco|hornswoggle|pull a swifty on|cozen|sharp|mulct


word: DECELERATE
russian_word: замедлять
example: the train began to decelerate
definition: reduce or cause to reduce in speed.
antonyms: accelerate
origin: late 19th century: from de- (expressing removal) + a shortened form of accelerate.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈsɛləreɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈsɛləreɪt
synonyms:
slow down|slow up|slow|go slower|ease up|slack up|reduce speed|lessen one's speed|brake|put the brakes on|hit the brakes|slam on the anchors


word: DECENCY
russian_word: порядочность
example: she had the decency to come and confess|I can't afford any of the decencies of life
antonyms: indecency|rudeness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːs(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: ˈdiːs(ə)nsi
definition:
behaviour that conforms to accepted standards of morality or respectability.|things required for a reasonable standard of life.

synonyms:
propriety|decorum|seemliness|good taste|respectability|dignity|correctness|good form|etiquette|appropriateness|appropriacy|fitness|suitability|morality|virtue|modesty|purity|delicacy|demureness|wholesomeness|courtesy|politeness|good manners|civility|respect|respectfulness|consideration|thought|thoughtfulness|tact|diplomacy

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘appropriateness, fitness’): from Latin decentia, from decent- ‘being fitting’ (see decent).


word: DECENT
russian_word: приличный
example: a decent clean-living individual|people need decent homes
antonyms: unsatisfactory
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdiːs(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdiːs(ə)nt
definition:
conforming with generally accepted standards of respectable or moral behaviour.|of an acceptable standard; satisfactory.

synonyms:
satisfactory|reasonable|fair|acceptable|adequate|sufficient|sufficiently good|good enough|ample|up to scratch|up to the mark|up to standard|up to par|competent|not bad|all right|average|tolerable|passable|suitable|OK|okay|up to snuff

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘suitable, appropriate’): from Latin decent- ‘being fitting’, from the verb decere .


word: DECENTRING
russian_word: децентрировки
example: the decentring of the author is paradigmatic of contemporary experimental fiction
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːˈsɛnt(ə)rɪŋ
phonetics_text: diːˈsɛnt(ə)rɪŋ
definition:
displacement from a central position, especially of the individual human subject from a primary place or central role.


word: DECEPTIVE
russian_word: обманчивый
example: he put the question with deceptive casualness
definition: giving an appearance or impression different from the true one; misleading.
antonyms: honest
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsɛptɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛptɪv
synonyms:
misleading|illusory|illusive|illusionary|ambiguous|deceiving|delusive|distorted|specious|deceitful|duplicitous|fraudulent|counterfeit|sham|bogus|cheating|underhand|cunning|crafty|sly|guileful|scheming|perfidious|treacherous|Machiavellian|dissembling|disingenuous|untrustworthy|unscrupulous|unprincipled|dishonest|untruthful|lying|mendacious|insincere|false|crooked|sharp|shady|slippery|sneaky|tricky|foxy|bent|slim|subtle|hollow-hearted|false-hearted|double-faced|truthless|Punic


word: DECIBEL
russian_word: децибел
origin: early 20th century: from deci- ‘ten’ + bel (the unit being one tenth of a bel).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛsɪbɛl
phonetics_text: ˈdɛsɪbɛl
definition:
a unit used to measure the intensity of a sound or the power level of an electrical signal by comparing it with a given level on a logarithmic scale.


word: DECIDE
russian_word: решать
example: she decided that she liked him
definition: come or bring to a resolution in the mind as a result of consideration.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪd
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘bring to a settlement’): from French décider, from Latin decidere ‘determine’, from de- ‘off’ + caedere ‘cut’.


word: DECIDED
russian_word: решил
example: the sunshine is a decided improvement
definition: (of a quality) definite; unquestionable.
antonyms: possible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪdɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪdɪd
synonyms:
distinct|clear|clear-cut|marked|pronounced|obvious|striking|noticeable|unmistakable|patent|manifest|express|definite|certain|positive|absolute|emphatic|categorical|unambiguous|undeniable|unequivocal|indisputable|undisputed|unquestionable|assured|guaranteed|sensible


word: DECIDEDLY
russian_word: решительно
example: he looked decidedly uncomfortable|‘No,’ Donna said decidedly
definition: undoubtedly; undeniably.|in a decisive and confident way.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪdɪdli
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪdɪdli
synonyms:
distinctly|clearly|markedly|obviously|noticeably|unmistakably|patently|manifestly|expressly|emphatically|definitely|certainly|positively|absolutely|downright|undeniably|unquestionably|indisputably|extremely|exceedingly|exceptionally|uncommonly|unusually|singularly|particularly|especially|right|unco|très|terrifically|tremendously|desperately|devilishly|ultra|mucho|mega|majorly|jolly|ever so|dead|well|fair|real|mighty|awful|plumb|powerful|lekker|devilish|hellish|exceeding|sore


word: DECIDING
russian_word: принятии решения
example: taxes could be the deciding factor for millions of floating voters
definition: serving to resolve or settle something.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪdɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪdɪŋ
synonyms:
determining|decisive|conclusive|final|settling|key|pivotal|crucial|critical|most influential|significant|major|chief|principal|prime|paramount


word: DECIDUA
russian_word: децидуальная оболочка
origin: late 18th century: from modern Latin decidua (membrana), literally ‘falling off (membrane)’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɪdjʊə
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɪdjʊə
definition:
the thick layer of modified mucous membrane which lines the uterus during pregnancy and is shed with the afterbirth.


word: DECILE
russian_word: дециль
example: the lowest income decile of the population
origin: late 17th century: from French décile, from a medieval Latin derivative of Latin decem ‘ten’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛsʌɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdɛsʌɪl
definition:
each of ten equal groups into which a population can be divided according to the distribution of values of a particular variable.


word: DECIPHER
russian_word: расшифровывать
example: authorized government agencies can decipher encrypted telecommunications
definition: convert (a text written in code, or a coded signal) into normal language.
antonyms: encode
origin: early 16th century: from de- (expressing reversal) + cipher1, on the pattern of French déchiffrer .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪfə
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪfə
synonyms:
decode|decrypt|break|work out|solve|interpret|translate|construe|explain|make sense of|make head or tail of|get to the bottom of|unravel|find the key to|find the answer to|throw light on|crack|figure out|twig|suss|suss out


word: DECISION
russian_word: решение
example: I'll make the decision on my own
definition: a conclusion or resolution reached after consideration.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin decisio(n- ), from decidere ‘determine’ (see decide).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
resolution|conclusion|settlement|commitment|resolve|determination|choice|option|selection|verdict|finding|ruling|recommendation|judgement|pronouncement|adjudgement|adjudication|arbitration|sentence|decree|order|rule|injunction|findings|results|arbitrament


word: DECISIVE
russian_word: решающий
example: the archers played a decisive part in the victory|she had an image of being tough and decisive
antonyms: insignificant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪsɪv
definition:
settling an issue; producing a definite result.|having or showing the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively.

synonyms:
deciding|conclusive|determining|final|settling|key|pivotal|critical|crucial|momentous|significant|influential|important|major|chief|principal|prime|paramount

origin:
early 17th century: from French décisif, -ive, from medieval Latin decisivus, from decis- ‘determined’, from the verb decidere (see decide).


word: DECK
russian_word: палуба
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɛk
phonetics_text: dɛk
example:
he stood on the deck of his flagship|a record deck|Craig reached into his pocket and caressed his lucky deck of cards

definition:
a floor of a ship, especially the upper, open level extending for the full length of the vessel.|a component or unit for playing or recording records, tapes, or compact discs.|a pack of cards.

origin:
late Middle English: from Middle Dutch dec ‘covering, roof, cloak’, dekken ‘to cover’. Originally denoting canvas used to make a covering (especially on a ship), the term came to mean the covering itself, later denoting a solid surface serving as roof and floor.


word: DECKLE
russian_word: декель
origin: mid 18th century: from German Deckel, diminutive of Decke ‘covering’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɛk(ə)l
definition:
a device in a papermaking machine for limiting the size of the sheet, consisting of a continuous belt on either side of the wire.


word: DECLAIM
russian_word: декламировать
example: she declaimed her views
definition: utter or deliver words in a rhetorical or impassioned way, as if to an audience.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈkleɪm
phonetics_text: dɪˈkleɪm
synonyms:
make a speech|give an address|give a talk|give a lecture|make an oration|deliver a sermon|give a sermon|speak|hold forth|orate|pronounce|preach|lecture|sermonize|moralize|sound off|mouth off|spiel|spout|speechify|preachify|jaw|perorate|recite|say aloud|read aloud|read out loud|read out|quote|deliver|render|bespout|speak out|protest strongly|make a protest|make a stand|rail|inveigh|fulminate|rage|thunder|rant about|expostulate about|make a fuss about|express disapproval of|condemn|criticize|castigate|attack|decry|disparage|mouth off about|kick up a stink about|go on about|vociferate

origin:
late Middle English: from French déclamer or Latin declamare, from de- (expressing thoroughness) + clamare ‘to shout’.


word: DECLAMATION
russian_word: декламация
example: Shakespearean declamation
definition: the action or art of declaiming.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛkləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛkləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘a set speech’): from Latin declamatio(n- ), from the verb declamare (see declaim).


word: DECLAMATORY
russian_word: декламационный
example: a long declamatory speech
definition: vehement or impassioned in expression.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈklamət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈklamət(ə)ri
synonyms:
rhetorical|oratorical|elaborate|ornate|bold|extravagant|flowery|florid|dramatic|theatrical|lofty|high-flown|high-sounding|bombastic|magniloquent|grandiloquent|overblown|overripe|overdone|overwrought|affected|orotund|inflated|overinflated|pompous|pretentious|highfalutin|purple|fustian|tumid|euphuistic|aureate|Ossianic


word: DECLARANT
russian_word: заявитель
definition: a person or party who makes a formal declaration.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈklɛːr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈklɛːr(ə)nt
origin:
late 17th century: from French déclarant, present participle of déclarer, from Latin declarare ‘make quite clear’ (see declare).


word: DECLARATION
russian_word: декларация
example: a declaration of love
definition: a formal or explicit statement or announcement.|an act of declaring an innings closed.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin declaratio(n- ), from declarare ‘make quite clear’ (see declare).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛkləˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛkləˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
announcement|statement|communication|pronouncement|proclamation|memorandum|bulletin|communiqué|dispatch|report|edict|manifesto|advisory|pronunciamento|ipse dixit|memo|rescript


word: DECLARE
russian_word: объявлять
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈklɛː
phonetics_text: dɪˈklɛː
example:
the prime minister declared that the programme of austerity had paid off|if you have something to declare customs officers will tell you the duty payable|Pakistan declared at 446 for four

definition:
say something in a solemn and emphatic manner.|acknowledge possession of (taxable income or dutiable goods).|close an innings voluntarily before all the wickets have fallen.|announce that one holds (certain combinations of cards) in a card game.

synonyms:
proclaim|announce|make known|state|communicate|reveal|divulge|mention|talk about|raise|moot|air|bring into the open|voice|articulate|pronounce|express|vent|set forth|make public|publicize|disseminate|circulate|publish|broadcast|promulgate|trumpet|blazon|come out with|shout from the rooftops|noise abroad|blazon abroad|preconize

origin:
Middle English: from Latin declarare, from de- ‘thoroughly’ + clarare ‘make clear’ (from clarus ‘clear’).


word: DECLARER
russian_word: заявитель
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈklɛːrə
phonetics_text: dɪˈklɛːrə
definition:
the player whose bid establishes the suit of the contract and who must therefore play both their own hand and the exposed hand of the dummy.


word: DECLINE
russian_word: снижение
antonyms: increase
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈklʌɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈklʌɪn
example:
the birth rate continued to decline|Caroline declined the coffee|the sun began to creep round to the west and to decline

definition:
(typically of something regarded as good) become smaller, fewer, or less; decrease.|politely refuse (an invitation or offer).|(especially of the sun) move downwards.|(in the grammar of Latin, Greek, and certain other languages) state the forms of (a noun, pronoun, or adjective) corresponding to case, number, and gender.

synonyms:
decrease|reduce|get smaller|grow smaller|lessen|get less|diminish|wane|dwindle|contract|shrink|fall off|taper off|tail off|peter out|drop|fall|go down|sink|slump|plummet|plunge|nosedive|take a nosedive|take a header|go into a tailspin|crash

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French decliner, from Latin declinare ‘bend down, turn aside’, from de- ‘down’ + clinare ‘to bend’.


word: DECLINIST
russian_word: упадке
example: the contents of his new book might induce declinists to reconsider their narrative of doom
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈklʌɪnɪst
phonetics_text: dɪˈklʌɪnɪst
definition:
a person who believes that a particular country, society, or institution is in a state of significant and possibly irreversible decline.


word: DECODE
russian_word: декодирование
example: he put down the phone and decoded the message
definition: convert (a coded message) into intelligible language.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: diːˈkəʊd
phonetics_text: diːˈkəʊd
synonyms:
decipher|decrypt|unravel|untangle|work out|sort out|piece together|solve|interpret|translate|construe|explain|understand|comprehend|apprehend|grasp|make sense of|get to the bottom of|find the key to|find the answer to|throw light on|crack|figure out|twig|suss|suss out


word: DECOLOUR
russian_word: обесцвечивать
definition: remove the colour from.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈkʌlə
phonetics_text: diːˈkʌlə
origin:
late Middle English: from French décolorer or Latin decolorare, from de- (expressing removal or reversal) + Latin colorare ‘to colour’.


word: DECOMPENSATION
russian_word: декомпенсация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːkɒmp(ə)nˈseɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːkɒmp(ə)nˈseɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the failure of an organ (especially the liver or heart) to compensate for the functional overload resulting from disease.|the failure to generate effective psychological coping mechanisms in response to stress, resulting in personality disturbance.


word: DECOMPOSE
russian_word: разлагаться
example: the body had begun to decompose
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːkəmˈpəʊz
phonetics_text: diːkəmˈpəʊz
definition:
(with reference to a dead body or other organic matter) make or become rotten; decay or cause to decay.

synonyms:
decay|rot|putrefy|go bad|go off|spoil|fester|perish|deteriorate|degrade|break down|break up|moulder|mortify|necrotize|sphacelate|corrupt

origin:
mid 18th century (in the sense ‘separate into simpler constituents’): from French décomposer, from de- (expressing reversal) + composer .


word: DECOMPOSER
russian_word: редуцент
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊzə
phonetics_text: ˌdiːkəmˈpəʊzə
definition:
an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.


word: DECOMPOSITION
russian_word: разложение
example: the decomposition of organic waste
definition: the state or process of rotting; decay.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːkɒmpəˈzɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdiːkɒmpəˈzɪʃn
synonyms:
decay|rotting|going bad|putrefaction|putrescence|putridity|festering|spoilage|perishing|corruption|breaking up|breaking apart|fragmenting|disintegration|crumbling|dissolution|dissolving|breaking down|decaying|separation|division|breakdown|break-up|dissection|atomization|resolution|analysis|reduction|fractionation


word: DECOMPRESSION
russian_word: декомпрессия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːkəmˈprɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: diːkəmˈprɛʃ(ə)n
example:
decompression of the aircraft cabin|this disk contains a number of utilities which require decompression

definition:
reduction in air pressure.|the process of expanding computer data to its normal size so that it can be read by a computer.


word: DECONDITIONING
russian_word: ухудшение физического состояния
example: anxiety reactions triggered by specific stimuli may be subject to deconditioning
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːkənˈdɪʃ(ə)nɪŋ
phonetics_text: diːkənˈdɪʃ(ə)nɪŋ
definition:
the reform or reversal of previously conditioned behaviour, especially in the treatment of phobia and other anxiety disorders in which the fear response to certain stimuli is brought under control.


word: DECONSTRUCTION
russian_word: деконструкция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːk(ə)nˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: diːk(ə)nˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n
definition:
a method of critical analysis of philosophical and literary language which emphasizes the internal workings of language and conceptual systems, the relational quality of meaning, and the assumptions implicit in forms of expression.

origin:
late 19th century (originally in the general sense ‘taking to pieces’): from de- (expressing reversal) + construction.


word: DECONTAMINATE
russian_word: обеззараживать
example: they tried to decontaminate nearby villages
synonyms: sanitize|sterilize|disinfect|clean|cleanse|purify|fumigate|depurate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːk(ə)nˈtamɪneɪt
phonetics_text: diːk(ə)nˈtamɪneɪt
definition:
neutralize or remove dangerous substances, radioactivity, or germs from (an area, object, or person).


word: DECOR
russian_word: оформление
example: inside, the decor is elegant and traditional
definition: the furnishing and decoration of a room.
synonyms: decoration|furnishing|furbishing|ornamentation|look|colour scheme
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪkɔː
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪkɔː|ˈdɛkɔː
origin:
late 19th century: from French décor, from the verb décorer, from Latin decorare ‘embellish’ (see decorate).


word: DECORATE
russian_word: украшать
example: the town was decorated with Christmas lights|he was decorated for outstanding bravery
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛkəreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛkəreɪt
definition:
make (something) look more attractive by adding extra items or images to it.|confer an award or medal on (a member of the armed forces).

synonyms:
ornament|adorn|trim|embellish|garnish|furnish|accessorize|enhance|grace|enrich|festoon|garland|trick out|bedeck|beautify|prettify|furbelow

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘to grace or honour’): from Latin decoratus ‘embellished’ (past participle of decorare ), from decus, decor- ‘beauty, honour, or embellishment’.


word: DECORATION
russian_word: украшение
example: the lavish decoration of cloth with gilt|a decoration won on the field of battle
definition: the process or art of decorating something.|a medal or award conferred as an honour.
origin: late Middle English: from late Latin decoratio(n- ), from the verb decorare (see decorate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛkəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛkəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
ornament|trinket|bauble|knick-knack|gimcrack|spangle|doodah|gewgaw|folderol|fandangle|trimming|tinsel


word: DECORATIVE
russian_word: декоративный
example: a well-appointed house with original decorative features
definition: serving to make something look more attractive; ornamental.
antonyms: functional|plain
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛk(ə)rətɪv
phonetics_text: ˈdɛk(ə)rətɪv
synonyms:
ornamental|adorning|embellishing|garnishing|beautifying|prettifying|enhancing|non-functional|fancy|ornate|attractive|pretty|showy|for show|flashy


word: DECOROUS
russian_word: приличный
example: Charlotte gave David a decorous kiss
definition: in keeping with good taste and propriety; polite and restrained.
antonyms: indecorous|unseemly|immodest
origin: mid 17th century (in the sense ‘appropriate, seemly’): from Latin decorus ‘seemly’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛk(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈdɛk(ə)rəs
synonyms:
proper|seemly|decent|becoming|befitting|tasteful|in good taste|tactful|correct|appropriate|suitable|fitting|fit|polite|well mannered|well behaved|genteel|refined|polished|well bred|dignified|respectable|courtly|civilized|formal|reserved|modest|demure|sedate|staid|gentlemanly|ladylike|comme il faut|mannerly|couth


word: DECORTICATION
russian_word: декортикация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌkɔːtɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌkɔːtɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the removal of the outer layer or cortex from a structure, especially the kidney, brain, or other organ.


word: DECORUM
russian_word: этикет
example: he had acted with the utmost decorum
definition: behaviour in keeping with good taste and propriety.
antonyms: impropriety
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈkɔːrəm
phonetics_text: dɪˈkɔːrəm
synonyms:
propriety|properness|seemliness|decency|decorousness|good taste|correctness|appropriateness|appropriacy|politeness|courtesy|good manners|refinement|breeding|deportment|dignity|respectability|modesty|demureness

origin:
mid 16th century (as a literary term, denoting suitability of style): from Latin, neuter of the adjective decorus ‘seemly’.


word: DECOUPLE
russian_word: разъединять
example: the mountings effectively decouple movements of the engine from those of the wheels
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈkʌp(ə)l
phonetics_text: diːˈkʌp(ə)l
definition:
separate, disengage, or dissociate (something) from something else.|muffle the sound or shock of (a nuclear explosion) by causing it to take place in an underground cavity.


word: DECOY
russian_word: манок
example: a decoy duck
part_of_speech: noun|verb
definition:
a bird or mammal, or an imitation of one, used by hunters to attract other birds or mammals.|a pond from which narrow netted channels lead, into which wild duck may be enticed for capture.

phonetic:
mid 16th century (earlier as coy ): from Dutch de kooi ‘the decoy’, from Middle Dutch de kouw ‘the cage’, from Latin cavea ‘cage’. decoy (sense 2 of the noun) is from the practice of using tamed ducks to lead wild ones along channels into captivity.


word: DECREASE
russian_word: уменьшить
example: the population of the area has decreased radically
definition: make or become smaller or fewer in size, amount, intensity, or degree.
antonyms: increase
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
lessen|grow/become less|grow/become smaller|reduce|drop|diminish|decline|dwindle|contract|shrink|fall off|die down|abate|subside|let up|tail off|ebb|wane|taper off|peter out|lighten|sink|slump|plummet|plunge|make less/fewer|lower|cut down/back (on)|cut|curtail|narrow|pare down|slim down|tone down|temper|weaken|deplete|minimize|slash

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Old French decreis (noun), decreistre (verb), based on Latin decrescere, from de- ‘down’ + crescere ‘grow’.


word: DECREE
russian_word: указ
example: the decree guaranteed freedom of assembly
definition: an official order that has the force of law.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈkriː
phonetics_text: dɪˈkriː
synonyms:
order|edict|command|commandment|mandate|proclamation|dictum|fiat|promulgation|precept|law|statute|act|bill|ordinance|regulation|rule|injunction|enactment|manifesto|ukase|pronunciamento|firman|decretal|irade|rescript

origin:
Middle English (denoting an edict issued by an ecclesiastical council to settle a point of doctrine or discipline): from Old French decre, decret, from Latin decretum ‘something decided’, from decernere ‘decide’.


word: DECREPIT
russian_word: дряхлый
example: a row of decrepit houses
definition: worn out or ruined because of age or neglect.
antonyms: sound
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈkrɛpɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈkrɛpɪt
synonyms:
dilapidated|rickety|run down|broken-down|tumbledown|ramshackle|worn out|derelict|in ruins|ruined|falling apart|falling to pieces|in (a state of) disrepair|creaky|creaking|gone to rack and ruin|on its last legs|battered|decayed|decaying|crumbling|deteriorated|deteriorating|antiquated|superannuated|the worse for wear|rumpty

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin decrepitus, from de- ‘down’ + crepitus, past participle of crepare ‘rattle, creak’.


word: DECREPITUDE
russian_word: дряхлость
example: he had passed directly from middle age into decrepitude
definition: the state of being decrepit.
antonyms: strength|fitness|soundness|good repair
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈkrɛpɪtʃuːd
phonetics_text: dɪˈkrɛpɪtʃuːd|dɪˈkrɛpɪtjuːd
synonyms:
feebleness|enfeeblement|infirmity|weakness|frailty|debilitation|debility|sickliness|incapacitation|malaise|old age|agedness|elderliness|dotage|senility|superannuation|senescence|dilapidation|ricketiness|dereliction|ruin|disrepair|rack and ruin|decay|deterioration


word: DECRETAL
russian_word: декрет
definition: a papal decree concerning a point of canon law.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈkriːt(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈkriːt(ə)l
origin:
Middle English: from late Latin decretale, neuter of decretalis (adjective), from Latin decret- ‘decided’, from the verb decernere .


word: DECRY
russian_word: осуждать
example: they decried human rights abuses
definition: publicly denounce.
antonyms: praise|overrate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈkrʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈkrʌɪ
synonyms:
denounce|condemn|criticize|censure|damn|attack|fulminate against|rail against|inveigh against|blame|carp at|cavil at|run down|pillory|rap|lambast|deplore|disapprove of|vilify|execrate|revile|disparage|deprecate|discredit|derogate|cast aspersions on|slam|blast|knock|snipe at|do a hatchet job on|hold forth against|come down on|pull to pieces|tear to shreds|slate|excoriate|animadvert|asperse

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘decrease the value of coins by royal proclamation’): from de- ‘down’ + cry, on the pattern of French décrier ‘cry down’.


word: DEDICATE
russian_word: посвящать
example: Joan has dedicated her life to animals
definition: devote (time or effort) to a particular task or purpose.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛdɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdɪkeɪt
synonyms:
devote|commit|pledge|bind|obligate|give|give over|surrender|set aside|allot|allocate|consign|sacrifice

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘devote to sacred use by solemn rites’): from Latin dedicat- ‘devoted, consecrated’, from the verb dedicare .


word: DEDICATED
russian_word: преданный
example: a team of dedicated doctors|a dedicated high-speed rail link from the Channel Tunnel
definition: devoted to a task or purpose.|exclusively allocated to or intended for a particular purpose.
antonyms: indifferent|apathetic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛdɪkeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdɪkeɪtɪd
synonyms:
committed|devoted|staunch|stalwart|firm|steadfast|resolute|unwavering|loyal|faithful|true|dyed-in-the-wool|through and through|wholehearted|single-minded|enthusiastic|eager|keen|earnest|zealous|driven|ardent|passionate|fervent|fervid|fanatical|hard-working|dutiful|diligent|assiduous|studious|sworn|pledged|card-carrying|deep-dyed|as keen as mustard|mad keen


word: DEDICATION
russian_word: посвящение
example: his dedication to his duties|the dedication of a new city church
antonyms: apathy|laziness|indifference
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dedicatio(n- ), from dedicare ‘devote, consecrate’ (see dedicate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛdɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛdɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the quality of being dedicated or committed to a task or purpose.|the action of dedicating a church or other building.

synonyms:
commitment|wholeheartedness|single-mindedness|enthusiasm|zeal|application|diligence|industry|assiduity|resolve|resoluteness|purposefulness|conscientiousness|perseverance|persistence|tenacity|doggedness|drive|staying power|backbone|sedulousness|hard work|effort|labour|striving|devotion|devotedness|loyalty|faithfulness|adherence|allegiance|constancy|staunchness


word: DEDICATOR
russian_word: посвящающий
example: Greek works of art were intended to project the status of the dedicator
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛdɪkeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈdɛdɪkeɪtə
definition:
a person who cites or nominates a book or other artistic work as being issued or performed in someone's honour.


word: DEDUCE
russian_word: выводить
example: little can be safely deduced from these figures|he cannot deduce his descent wholly by heirs male
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈdjuːs
phonetics_text: dɪˈdjuːs
definition:
arrive at (a fact or a conclusion) by reasoning; draw as a logical conclusion.|trace the course or derivation of.

synonyms:
conclude|come to the conclusion|reason|work out|gather|infer|draw the inference|extrapolate|glean|divine|intuit|come to understand|understand|assume|presume|conjecture|surmise|reckon|dare say|figure|suss out

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘lead or convey’): from Latin deducere, from de- ‘down’ + ducere ‘lead’.


word: DEDUCT
russian_word: вычесть
example: tax has been deducted from the payments
definition: subtract or take away (an amount or part) from a total.
antonyms: add
synonyms: subtract|take away|take from|take off|withdraw|abstract|remove|debit|dock|discount|knock off|minus
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈdʌkt
phonetics_text: dɪˈdʌkt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin deduct- ‘taken or led away’, from the verb deducere . Deduct and deduce were not distinguished in sense until the mid 17th century.


word: DEDUCTION
russian_word: вычет
antonyms: addition
origin: late Middle English: from Latin deductio(n- ), from the verb deducere (see deduce).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈdʌkʃ(ə)n
example:
the dividend will be paid without deduction of tax|the detective must uncover the murderer by deduction from facts

definition:
the action of deducting or subtracting something.|the inference of particular instances by reference to a general law or principle.

synonyms:
subtraction|taking away|taking off|withdrawal|abstraction|removal|debit|docking|discounting|knocking off


word: DEED
russian_word: дело
example: doing good deeds|mortgage deeds
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: diːd
phonetics_text: diːd
definition:
an action that is performed intentionally or consciously.|a legal document that is signed and delivered, especially one regarding the ownership of property or legal rights.

synonyms:
act|action|activity|feat|exploit|performance|achievement|accomplishment|attainment|endeavour|effort|undertaking|enterprise

origin:
Old English dēd, dǣd, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch daad and German Tat, from an Indo-European root shared by do1.


word: DEEM
russian_word: считать
example: the event was deemed a great success
definition: regard or consider in a specified way.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːm
phonetics_text: diːm
synonyms:
regard as|consider|judge|adjudge|hold to be|look on as|view as|see as|take to be|take for|class as|estimate as|count|rate|find|esteem|calculate to be|gauge|suppose|reckon|account|interpret as|think|believe to be|feel to be|imagine to be|conceive to be

origin:
Old English dēman (also in the sense ‘act as judge’), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doeman, also to doom.


word: DEEMSTER
russian_word: димстер
definition: a judge (of whom there are two) in the Isle of Man judiciary.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːmstə
phonetics_text: ˈdiːmstə
origin:
Middle English (originally a general word for a judge): from deem + -ster. The current sense dates from the early 17th century.


word: DEEP
russian_word: глубоко
example: a deep gorge|she was in deep trouble|a deep, resonant voice|a deep pink
antonyms: shallow
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|adverb
phonetic: diːp
phonetics_text: diːp
definition:
extending far down from the top or surface.|very intense or extreme.|(of sound) low in pitch and full in tone; not shrill.|(of colour) dark and intense.

synonyms:
extending far down|cavernous|yawning|gaping|huge|big|great|extensive|profound|unplumbed|bottomless|immeasurable|fathomless|unfathomable|chasmic

origin:
Old English dēop (adjective), dīope, dēope (adverb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch diep and German tief, also to dip.


word: DEEPEN
russian_word: углублять
example: the crisis deepened
definition: make or become deep or deeper.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdiːp(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdiːp(ə)n
synonyms:
grow|increase|intensify|strengthen|escalate|mushroom|snowball|add to|heighten|reinforce|enhance|boost|magnify|amplify|augment|enrich|promote|encourage|exacerbate|aggravate|inflame|worsen|make/become worse|hot up|step up|dig out|make deeper|dig deeper|scoop out|scrape out|hollow out|excavate


word: DEEP FREEZE
russian_word: морозильная камера
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˌdiːp ˈfriːz
phonetics_text: ˌdiːp ˈfriːz
definition:
a refrigerator in which food can be quickly frozen and kept for long periods at a very low temperature.


word: DEEPLY
russian_word: глубоко
example: he breathed deeply|Richard felt her loss very deeply
definition: far down or in.|intensely.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdiːpli
phonetics_text: ˈdiːpli
synonyms:
greatly|enormously|extremely|very much|to a great extent/degree|strongly|powerfully|profoundly|intensely|keenly|sharply|acutely|thoroughly|completely|entirely|severely|awfully|terribly|painfully|desperately|well|seriously|majorly|jolly|oh-so|mighty|plumb


word: DEF
russian_word: определение
example: a truly def tattoo
definition: excellent.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛf
phonetics_text: dɛf
origin:
1980s: probably an alteration of death (used in Jamaican English as an intensifier), or shortened from definitive or definite.


word: DEFACE
russian_word: портить
example: he defaced library books
definition: spoil the surface or appearance of (something), for example by drawing or writing on it.
antonyms: beautify
origin: Middle English: from Old French desfacier, from des- (expressing removal) + face ‘face’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfeɪs
phonetics_text: dɪˈfeɪs
synonyms:
vandalize|disfigure|mar|spoil|ruin|deform|sully|tarnish|damage|injure|uglify|blight|blemish|impair|tag|trash


word: DEFAMATION
russian_word: диффамация
example: she sued him for defamation
definition: the action of damaging the good reputation of someone; slander or libel.
antonyms: commendation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɛfəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
libel|slander|character assassination|defamation of character|calumny|vilification|traducement|obloquy|scandal|scandalmongering|malicious gossip|tittle-tattle|backbiting|aspersions|muckraking|abuse|malediction|disparagement|denigration|detraction|derogation|opprobrium|censure|criticism|smear|slur|lie|false report|smear campaign|rumour|insult|mud-slinging|slagging-off|knocking|bitching|bad-mouthing|contumely


word: DEFAMATORY
russian_word: клеветнический
example: a defamatory allegation
definition: (of remarks, writing, etc.) damaging the good reputation of someone; slanderous or libellous.
antonyms: complimentary
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfamət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈfamət(ə)ri
synonyms:
libellous|slanderous|defaming|calumnious|calumniatory|vilifying|traducing|scandalous|scandalmongering|malicious|vicious|backbiting|muckraking|abusive|maledictory|maledictive|disparaging|denigratory|detracting|derogatory|censorious|critical|insulting|slurring|injurious|mud-slinging|bitchy|catty|contumelious


word: DEFAME
russian_word: порочить
example: he claimed that the article defamed his family
definition: damage the good reputation of (someone); slander or libel.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfeɪm
phonetics_text: dɪˈfeɪm
synonyms:
libel|slander|malign|cast aspersions on|smear|traduce|blacken the name/character of|give someone a bad name|defame someone's character|sully someone's reputation|run down|speak ill/evil of|back-bite|run a smear campaign against|calumniate|vilify|besmirch|tarnish|stigmatize|disparage|denigrate|discredit|decry|insult|lie about|tell lies about|do a hatchet job on|sling/fling/throw mud at|drag through the mud/mire|slur|slag off|bad-mouth|asperse|derogate|vilipend

origin:
Middle English: from Old French diffamer, from Latin diffamare ‘spread evil report’, from dis- (expressing removal) + fama ‘report’.


word: DEFAULT
russian_word: дефолт
example: the company will have to restructure its debts to avoid default|the default is fifty lines
antonyms: repayment
synonyms: non-payment|failure to pay|non-remittance|welshing|bilking|levant
part_of_speech: noun|verb
definition:
failure to fulfil an obligation, especially to repay a loan or appear in a law court.|a preselected option adopted by a computer program or other mechanism when no alternative is specified by the user or programmer.

phonetic:
Middle English: from Old French defaut, from defaillir ‘to fail’, based on Latin fallere ‘disappoint, deceive’.


word: DEFEAT
russian_word: поражение
example: Garibaldi defeated the Neapolitan army
definition: win a victory over (someone) in a battle or other contest; overcome or beat.
antonyms: lose to
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈfiːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfiːt
synonyms:
beat|conquer|win against|win a victory over|triumph over|prevail over|get the better of|best|worst|vanquish|rout|trounce|overcome|overpower|overthrow|overwhelm|crush|quash|bring someone to their knees|quell|subjugate|subdue|repulse|lick|thrash|hammer|whip|wipe the floor with|walk all over|give someone a hiding|take to the cleaners|blow out of the water|run rings round/around|make mincemeat of|clobber|paste|pound|pulverize|crucify|murder|massacre|slaughter|demolish|drub|give someone a drubbing|cane|zap|flatten|turn inside out|tank|pwn|stuff|marmalize|blow out|cream|shellac|skunk|slam|own

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘undo, destroy, annul’): from Old French desfait ‘undone’, past participle of desfaire, from medieval Latin disfacere ‘undo’.


word: DEFEATIST
russian_word: пораженец
definition: a person who expects or is excessively ready to accept failure.
antonyms: optimist
origin: early 20th century: from French défaitiste, from défaite ‘defeat’.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfiːtɪst
phonetics_text: dɪˈfiːtɪst
synonyms:
pessimist|fatalist|yielder|cynic|prophet of doom|doomwatcher|misery|killjoy|worrier|Job's comforter|quitter|doom and gloom merchant|doomster|wet blanket


word: DEFECATE
russian_word: испражняться
definition: discharge faeces from the body.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛfɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛfɪkeɪt|ˈdiːfɪkeɪt
synonyms:
excrete|pass/discharge/excrete faeces|have a bowel movement|have a BM|evacuate one's bowels|open one's bowels|void excrement|relieve oneself|go to the lavatory|do number two|do a pooh|do a whoopsie|crap|have a crap|shit|have a shit|dump|have a dump

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘clear of dregs, purify’): from Latin defaecat- ‘cleared of dregs’, from the verb defaecare, from de- (expressing removal) + faex, faec- ‘dregs’. The current sense dates from the mid 19th century.


word: DEFECATION
russian_word: дефекация
example: the ulcer causes pain that occurs during defecation
definition: the discharge of faeces from the body.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɛfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
excretion|evacuation of one's bowels|opening one's bowels|going to the lavatory|bowel movement|BM|number twos|poohing|whoopsies|crapping|crap|shitting|shit|dump


word: DEFECT
russian_word: дефект
example: genetic defects
definition: a shortcoming, imperfection, or lack.
part_of_speech: noun
synonyms:
fault|flaw|imperfection|deficiency|weakness|weak spot/point|inadequacy|shortcoming|limitation|failing|obstruction|snag|kink|deformity|blemish|taint|crack|break|tear|split|scratch|chip|fracture|spot|mistake|error|bug|virus|glitch|gremlin

phonetic:
late Middle English (as a noun, influenced by Old French defect ‘deficiency’): from Latin defectus, past participle of deficere ‘desert or fail’, from de- (expressing reversal) + facere ‘do’.


word: DEFECTION
russian_word: отступничество
example: the very public defections of four writers from the publishing house
definition: the desertion of one's country or cause in favour of an opposing one.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɛkʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛkʃn
synonyms:
desertion|absconding|decamping|flight|changing sides/allegiances|apostasy|recantation|secession|treason|betrayal|disloyalty|rebellion|mutiny|perfidy|tergiversation|recreancy


word: DEFECTIVE
russian_word: дефектный
example: complaints over defective goods
definition: imperfect or faulty.|having mental disabilities.
antonyms: working|perfect
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɛktɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛktɪv
synonyms:
faulty|flawed|imperfect|shoddy|inoperative|not working|not functioning|non-functioning|malfunctioning|out of order|unsound|weak|deficient|incomplete|in disrepair|broken|cracked|torn|scratched|deformed|warped|buckled|gone wrong|on the blink|knackered|duff


word: DEFENCE
russian_word: защита
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɛns
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛns
example:
methods of defence against this kind of attack|the farmer's defence was that he intended only to wound the thief|Wolves were pressed back into defence

definition:
the action of defending from or resisting attack.|the case presented by or on behalf of the party accused of a crime or being sued in a civil lawsuit.|(in sport) the action or role of defending one's goal or wicket against the opposition.

synonyms:
protection|shielding|safeguarding|guarding|security|fortification|cover|shelter|screen|resistance|deterrent|vindication|justification|support|advocacy|approval|endorsement|promotion|apology|apologia|explanation|explication|excuse|extenuation|exoneration|palliation

origin:
Middle English: from Old French defens, from late Latin defensum (neuter), defensa (feminine), past participles of defendere ‘defend’.


word: DEFENCELESS
russian_word: беззащитный
example: attacks on defenceless civilians
definition: without defence or protection; totally vulnerable.
antonyms: well protected|resilient
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfɛnsləs
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛnsləs
synonyms:
vulnerable|helpless|powerless|impotent|weak|frail|susceptible|easily hurt/wounded/damaged|impuissant|resistless|undefended|unprotected|unguarded|unfortified|unshielded|unarmed|without arms|without defences|assailable|open to attack|wide open|open|exposed|endangered|in danger|in peril|in jeopardy|at risk|insecure|pregnable


word: DEFEND
russian_word: защищать
antonyms: attack
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfɛnd
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛnd
example:
we shall defend our island, whatever the cost|he is a lawyer who specializes in defending political prisoners|they were forced to defend for long periods

definition:
resist an attack made on (someone or something); protect from harm or danger.|conduct the case for (the party being accused or sued) in a lawsuit.|(in sport) protect one's goal or wicket rather than attempt to score against one's opponents.

synonyms:
protect|guard|safeguard|keep from harm|preserve|secure|shield|shelter|screen|fortify|garrison|barricade|fight for|uphold|support|be on the side of|take up cudgels for|watch over|be the defender of

origin:
Middle English: from Old French defendre, from Latin defendere, from de- ‘off’ + -fendere ‘to strike’. Compare with offend.


word: DEFENDER
russian_word: защитник
antonyms: attacker|critic
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɛndə
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛndə
example:
a determined defender of British interests|Owen surged between two defenders, then drove the ball out of the reach of the goalkeeper

definition:
a person who defends someone or something.|(in sport) a player whose task it is to protect their own side's goal.|another term for defendant.

synonyms:
protector|guard|guardian|preserver|bodyguard|custodian|watchdog|keeper|overseer|superintendent|caretaker|steward|trustee|supporter|upholder|backer|champion|advocate|endorser|sustainer|bolsterer|apologist|proponent|exponent|promoter|apostle|standard-bearer|torchbearer|flagbearer|adherent|believer


word: DEFENESTRATE
russian_word: выбрасывать из окна
definition: throw (someone) out of a window.|remove or dismiss (someone) from a position of power or authority.
origin: early 17th century (as defenestrated ): see defenestration.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈfɛnɪstreɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈfɛnɪstreɪt
example:
she had made up her mind that the woman had been defenestrated, although the official verdict had been suicide|the overwhelming view is that he should be defenestrated before the next election


word: DEFENESTRATION
russian_word: дефенестрация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːfɛnɪˈstreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːfɛnɪˈstreɪʃ(ə)n
example:
death by defenestration has a venerable history|that victory resulted in Churchill's own defenestration by the war-weary British electorate

definition:
the action of throwing someone out of a window.|the action or process of dismissing someone from a position of power or authority.

origin:
early 17th century: from modern Latin defenestratio(n- ), from de- ‘down from’ + Latin fenestra ‘window’.


word: DEFENSIBLE
russian_word: защитимый
example: a morally defensible penal system|a fort with a defensible yard at its feet
definition: justifiable by argument.|able to be protected.
antonyms: indefensible|untenable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfɛnsɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛnsɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
justifiable|arguable|tenable|defendable|maintainable|sustainable|supportable|plausible|well founded|sound|sensible|reasonable|rational|logical|able to hold water|acceptable|satisfactory|valid|legitimate|warrantable|permissible|excusable|pardonable|understandable|condonable|vindicable

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘capable of giving protective defence’): from late Latin defensibilis, from Latin defendere (see defend).


word: DEFENSIVE
russian_word: оборонительный
example: defensive barriers|he was very defensive about that side of his life
definition: used or intended to defend or protect.|very anxious to challenge or avoid criticism.
antonyms: attacking
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfɛnsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛnsɪv
synonyms:
defending|guarding|safeguarding|protecting|protective|shielding|screening|wary|watchful|averting|withstanding|opposing

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French défensif, -ive, from medieval Latin defensivus, from Latin defens- ‘warded off’, from the verb defendere (see defend).


word: DEFENSIVENESS
russian_word: оборонительная
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɛnsɪvnəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɛnsɪvnəs
example:
their supporters have reacted with defensiveness and hostility to the disclosure|defensiveness of the hive was related to the size of the colony

definition:
the quality of being anxious to challenge or avoid criticism.|behaviour intended to defend or protect.


word: DEFER
russian_word: откладывать
example: they deferred the decision until February
definition: put off (an action or event) to a later time; postpone.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfəː
phonetics_text: dɪˈfəː
synonyms:
postpone|put off|adjourn|delay|hold over/off|put back|carry over|shelve|suspend|stay|hold in abeyance|prorogue|pigeonhole|mothball|put over|table|lay on the table|take a rain check on|continue|put on ice|put on the back burner|put in cold storage|remit|respite

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘put on one side’): from Old French differer ‘defer or differ’, from Latin differre, from dis- ‘apart’ + ferre ‘bring, carry’. Compare with defer2 and differ.


word: DEFERENCE
russian_word: уважение
example: he addressed her with the deference due to age
definition: polite submission and respect.
antonyms: disrespect
origin: mid 17th century: from French déférence, from déférer ‘refer’ (see defer2).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛf(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɛf(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
respect|respectfulness|regard|esteem|consideration|attentiveness|attention|thoughtfulness|courteousness|courtesy|politeness|civility|dutifulness|reverence|veneration|awe|homage|submissiveness|submission|obedience|yielding|surrender|accession|capitulation|acquiescence|complaisance|obeisance


word: DEFERENTIAL
russian_word: почтительный
example: people were always deferential to him
definition: showing deference; respectful.
antonyms: arrogant|impolite
origin: early 19th century: from deference, on the pattern of pairs such as prudence, prudential .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛfəˈrɛnʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɛfəˈrɛnʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
obsequious|humble|respectful|considerate|attentive|thoughtful|courteous|polite|civil|dutiful|reverent|reverential|awed|obedient|submissive|subservient|fawning|toadying|yielding|acquiescent|complaisant|compliant|pliant|tractable|biddable|manageable|docile|slavish|mannerly|regardful|obeisant


word: DEFERMENT
russian_word: отсрочка
example: deferment of the decision
definition: the action or fact of putting something off to a later time; postponement.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfəːm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfəːm(ə)nt
synonyms:
postponement|deferral|suspension|putting off/back|adjournment|delay|shelving|rescheduling|interruption|arrest|pause|respite|stay|moratorium|reprieve|grace|tabling|continuation|put-off


word: DEFIANCE
russian_word: неповиновение
example: an act of defiance
definition: open resistance; bold disobedience.
antonyms: submission|obedience
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfʌɪəns
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌɪəns
synonyms:
resistance|opposition|confrontation|non-compliance|disobedience|insubordination|dissent|recalcitrance|subversion|subversiveness|rebelliousness|mutinousness|provocation|daring|boldness|temerity|audacity|bravado|aggression|contempt|disregard|scorn|insolence|truculence|contumacy

origin:
Middle English (denoting the renunciation of an allegiance or friendship): from Old French, from defier ‘defy’.


word: DEFIANT
russian_word: дерзкий
example: a defiant gesture
definition: showing defiance.
antonyms: apologetic|cooperative
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfʌɪənt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌɪənt
synonyms:
intransigent|resistant|obstinate|uncooperative|non-compliant|recalcitrant|confrontational|challenging|aggressive|belligerent|pugnacious|bellicose|combative|ready for a fight|antagonistic|hostile|obstreperous|truculent|dissenting|argumentative|quarrelsome|contentious|disobedient|insubordinate|subversive|rebellious|mutinous|feisty|spoiling for a fight|stroppy|bolshie|scrappy|contumacious


word: DEFIBRILLATE
russian_word: дефибриллировать
example: members of the medical team defibrillated his heart
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈfɪbrɪleɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈfɪbrɪleɪt
definition:
stop the fibrillation of (a person's heart) by administering a controlled electric shock to restore the normal rhythm.


word: DEFIBRILLATION
russian_word: дефибрилляция
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːfɪbrɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːfɪbrɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the stopping of fibrillation of the heart by administering a controlled electric shock, to allow restoration of the normal rhythm.


word: DEFIBRILLATOR
russian_word: дефибриллятор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːˈfɪbrɪleɪtə
phonetics_text: diːˈfɪbrɪleɪtə
definition:
an apparatus used to control heart fibrillation by application of an electric current to the chest wall or heart.


word: DEFICIENCY
russian_word: дефицит
example: deficiencies in material resources
definition: a lack or shortage.
antonyms: surplus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi
synonyms:
insufficiency|lack|shortage|want|dearth|inadequacy|deficit|shortfall|scarcity|scarceness|scantiness|paucity|absence|undersupply|sparseness|deprivation|meagreness|shortness|exiguity|exiguousness


word: DEFICIENT
russian_word: дефицитный
example: this diet is deficient in vitamin B
definition: not having enough of a specified quality or ingredient.|having mental disabilities.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nt
origin:
late 16th century (originally in the theological phrase deficient cause, denoting a failure or deficiency that has a particular consequence): from Latin deficient- ‘failing’, from the verb deficere (see defect1).


word: DEFICIT
russian_word: дефицит
definition: the amount by which something, especially a sum of money, is too small.
antonyms: surplus|profit
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛfɪsɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛfɪsɪt
synonyms:
shortfall|deficiency|shortage|undersupply|slippage|indebtedness|debt|arrears|minus amount|negative amount|loss

origin:
late 18th century: via French from Latin deficit ‘it is lacking’, from the verb deficere (see defect1).


word: DEFILE
russian_word: дефиле
example: the land was defiled by a previous owner
definition: damage the purity or appearance of; mar or spoil.
antonyms: purify
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfʌɪl
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌɪl
synonyms:
spoil|sully|mar|impair|debase|degrade|pollute|poison|corrupt|taint|tarnish|infect|foul|befoul|dirty|soil|stain|destroy|ruin

origin:
late Middle English: alteration of obsolete defoul, from Old French defouler ‘trample down’, influenced by obsolete befile  ‘befoul, defile’.


word: DEFILEMENT
russian_word: осквернение
example: the heinous defilement of their most sacred site
definition: the action of defiling or the state of being defiled.
antonyms: purification|sanctification
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfʌɪlm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌɪlm(ə)nt
synonyms:
degradation|debasement|spoiling|sullying|impairment|pollution|poisoning|corruption|tainting|tarnishing|desecration|profanation|profanity|violation|sacrilege|impurity|contamination|dishonour|vitiation


word: DEFINE
russian_word: определять
example: the contract will seek to define the client's obligations|the river defines the park's boundary
definition: state or describe exactly the nature, scope, or meaning of.|mark out the boundary or limits of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfʌɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌɪn
synonyms:
explain|expound|interpret|elucidate|explicate|describe|clarify|give the meaning of|state precisely|spell out|put into words|express in words

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘bring to an end’): from Old French definer, from a variant of Latin definire, from de- (expressing completion) + finire ‘finish’ (from finis ‘end’).


word: DEFINIENDUM
russian_word: дефиниендум
origin: late 19th century: from Latin, ‘that which is to be defined’, from the verb definire (see define).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌfɪnɪˈɛndəm
phonetics_text: dɪˌfɪnɪˈɛndəm
definition:
a word, phrase, or symbol which is the subject of a definition, especially in a dictionary entry, or which is introduced into a logical system by being defined.


word: DEFINIENS
russian_word: дефиниенс
origin: late 19th century: from medieval Latin, ‘defining’, present participle of definire (see define).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɪnɪɛnz
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɪnɪɛnz
definition:
a word, phrase, or symbolic expression used to define something, especially in a dictionary entry, or introducing a word or symbol into a logical system by providing a statement of its meaning.


word: DEFINITE
russian_word: определенный
example: we had no definite plans
definition: clearly stated or decided; not vague or doubtful.
antonyms: vague|indefinite|slight
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛfɪnət
phonetics_text: ˈdɛfɪnət
synonyms:
explicit|specific|express|precise|exact|defined|well defined|clear-cut|determined|fixed|established|confirmed|direct|concrete|hard|plain|outright|unmistakable|irrefutable|unequivocal|unambiguous|certain|undisputed|decided|marked|distinct|unquestioned|not in question|not in doubt

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin definitus ‘defined, set within limits’, past participle of definire (see define).


word: DEFINITELY
russian_word: определенно
example: I shall definitely be at the airport to meet you
definition: without doubt (used for emphasis).
antonyms: possibly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdɛfɪnətli
phonetics_text: ˈdɛfɪnətli
synonyms:
certainly|surely|for sure|unquestionably|without/beyond doubt|without/beyond question|beyond any doubt|undoubtedly|indubitably|assuredly|positively|absolutely|undeniably|irrefutably|incontrovertibly|incontestably|unmistakably|plainly|clearly|obviously|patently|palpably|transparently|categorically|decidedly|unequivocally|easily|far and away|by a mile|without fail|there are no two ways about it|there's no denying it|needless to say|as sure as eggs is eggs


word: DEFINITION
russian_word: определение
antonyms: blurriness|fuzziness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛfɪˈnɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛfɪˈnɪʃ(ə)n
example:
a dictionary definition of the verb|the clarity and definition of pictures can be aided by using computer graphics

definition:
a statement of the exact meaning of a word, especially in a dictionary.|the degree of distinctness in outline of an object, image, or sound.

synonyms:
clarity|clearness|visibility|precision|sharpness|crispness|acuteness|distinctness|resolution|focus|contrast

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin definitio(n- ), from the verb definire ‘set bounds to’ (see define).


word: DEFINITIVE
russian_word: окончательный
example: a definitive decision
antonyms: provisional
synonyms: conclusive|final|ultimate|decisive|unconditional|unqualified|absolute|categorical|positive|definite
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɪnɪtɪv
definition:
(of a conclusion or agreement) done or reached decisively and with authority.|(of a postage stamp) for general use and typically of standard design, not special or commemorative.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French definitif, -ive, from Latin definitivus, from definit- ‘set within limits’, from the verb definire (see define).


word: DEFLAGRATE
russian_word: быстро сгорать
example: the current will deflagrate some of the particles
definition: burn or cause to burn away with a sudden flame and rapid, sharp combustion.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛfləɡreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛfləɡreɪt
origin:
early 18th century: from Latin deflagrat- ‘burnt up’, from the verb deflagrare, from de- ‘away, thoroughly’ + flagrare ‘to burn’.


word: DEFLATE
russian_word: выкачивать
example: he deflated one of the tyres|his response deflated me|the budget deflated the economy
antonyms: inflate|blow up
synonyms: let down|empty the air out of|collapse|flatten|void|puncture
origin: late 19th century: from de- (expressing reversal) + -flate (as in inflate ).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfleɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfleɪt
definition:
let air or gas out of (a tyre, balloon, or similar object).|make (someone) suddenly lose confidence or feel dispirited.|bring about a general reduction of price levels in (an economy).


word: DEFLECTION
russian_word: отклонение
example: the deflection of the light beam
definition: the action or process of deflecting or being deflected.
origin: early 17th century: from late Latin deflexio(n- ), from deflectere ‘bend away’ (see deflect).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈflɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈflɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
turning aside/away|turning|diversion|drawing away|deviation|divergence|declination|aberration|turn|veer|swerve|slew|drift|straying|bend|swing|twist|curve|divarication|divagation


word: DEFLEXED
russian_word: отогнутые
example: a deflexed beak
definition: bent or curving downwards or backwards.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈflɛkst
phonetics_text: dɪˈflɛkst
origin:
early 19th century (earlier as deflex ): from Latin deflexus ‘bent away’ (past participle of deflectere ) + -ed1.


word: DEFLOCCULATE
russian_word: дефлокулировать
example: deflocculated clay slurry
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈflɒkjʊleɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈflɒkjʊleɪt
definition:
break up the floccules of (a substance suspended in a liquid) into fine particles, producing a dispersion.


word: DEFOLIATE
russian_word: уничтожать растительность
example: the area was defoliated and napalmed many times
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈfəʊlɪeɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈfəʊlɪeɪt
definition:
remove leaves from (a tree, plant, or area of land), for agricultural purposes or as a military tactic.

origin:
late 18th century: from late Latin defoliat- ‘stripped of leaves’, from the verb defoliare, from de- (expressing removal) + folium ‘leaf’.


word: DEFORCE
russian_word: неправомерно удерживать чужую недвижимость
definition: deprive (someone) wrongfully or forcibly of their rightful property.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfɔːs
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɔːs
origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French deforcer, from de- (expressing removal) + forcer ‘to force’.


word: DEFORM
russian_word: деформировать
example: he was physically deformed by a rare bone disease
definition: distort the shape or form of; make misshapen.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfɔːm
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɔːm
synonyms:
make misshapen|distort the shape of|disfigure|bend out of shape|misshape|contort|buckle|twist|warp|damage|impair|maim|injure|misshapen|distorted|malformed|contorted|out of shape|twisted|crooked|curved|warped|buckled|gnarled|maimed|injured|damaged|humpbacked|hunchbacked|disfigured|ugly|unsightly|grotesque|monstrous|marred|mutilated|mangled|fugly

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desformer, via medieval Latin from Latin deformare, from de- (expressing reversal) + forma ‘a shape’.


word: DEFORMITY
russian_word: деформация
example: deformities of the hands or feet
definition: a deformed part, especially of the body; a malformation.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desformite, from Latin deformitas, from deformis ‘misshapen’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfɔːmɪti
phonetics_text: dɪˈfɔːmɪti
synonyms:
malformation|misshapenness|disproportion|distortion|crookedness|imperfection|abnormality|irregularity|ugliness|unsightliness|defacement|disfigurement|defect|flaw|blemish


word: DEFRAUD
russian_word: обманывать
example: he used a second identity to defraud the bank of thousands of pounds
definition: illegally obtain money from (someone) by deception.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfrɔːd
phonetics_text: dɪˈfrɔːd
synonyms:
swindle|cheat|rob|deceive|dupe|hoodwink|double-cross|fool|trick|con|bamboozle|do|sting|diddle|rip off|shaft|bilk|rook|take for a ride|pull a fast one on|put one over on|take to the cleaners|gyp|gull|finagle|milk|fiddle|swizzle|sell a pup to|sucker|snooker|stiff|euchre|bunco|hornswoggle|pull a swifty on|cozen|sharp|mulct|do someone in the eye

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French defrauder or Latin defraudare, from de- ‘from’ + fraudare ‘to cheat’ (from fraus, fraud- ‘fraud’).


word: DEFRAY
russian_word: покрывать
example: the proceeds from the raffle help to defray the expenses of the evening
definition: provide money to pay (a cost or expense).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfreɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈfreɪ
synonyms:
pay (for)|cover|meet|square|settle|clear|discharge|liquidate|foot the bill for|pick up the tab/check for

origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘spend money’): from French défrayer, from dé- (expressing removal) + obsolete frai ‘cost, expenses’ (from medieval Latin fredum ‘a fine for breach of the peace’).


word: DEFUNCT
russian_word: несуществующий
example: the now defunct Somerset & Dorset railway line
definition: no longer existing or functioning.
antonyms: working|extant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈfʌŋ(k)t
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌŋ(k)t
synonyms:
disused|no longer in use|unused|inoperative|non-functioning|unusable|obsolete|no longer in existence|discontinued|extinct|fossilized

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘deceased’): from Latin defunctus ‘dead’, past participle of defungi ‘carry out, finish’, from de- (expressing reversal) + fungi ‘perform’.


word: DEFY
russian_word: игнорировать
example: a woman who defies convention|he glowered at her, defying her to mock him
definition: openly resist or refuse to obey.|appear to be challenging (someone) to do or prove something.
antonyms: obey|surrender
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈfʌɪ
synonyms:
disobey|refuse to obey|go against|rebel against|flout|fly in the face of|thumb one's nose at|disregard|ignore|set one's face against|kick against|break|violate|contravene|breach|infringe|cock a snook at|set at naught|resist|withstand|take a stand against|hold out against|stand up to|confront|face|meet head-on|take on|square up to|beard|brave|outface

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘renounce an allegiance’ and ‘challenge to combat’): from Old French desfier, based on Latin dis- (expressing reversal) + fidus ‘faithful’.


word: DEGAUSS
russian_word: размагничивать
origin: 1940s (in degauss (sense 3)): from de- + gauss.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈɡaʊs
phonetics_text: diːˈɡaʊs
example:
I degaussed my monitor, but the ghost images remain|modern drives will get destroyed if they are degaussed|they degaussed the ship successfully but the equipment was very costly

definition:
remove unwanted magnetism from (a television or monitor) in order to correct colour disturbance.|destroy the data on (a data storage device) by removing its magnetism.|neutralize the magnetic field of (a ship) by encircling it with a conductor carrying electric currents.


word: DEGAUSSING
russian_word: размагничивание
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːˈɡaʊsɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˌdiːˈɡaʊsɪŋ
example:
receivers now have a coil around the front rim of the picture tube for automatic degaussing|their on-site data destruction services include hard drive degaussing, wiping, and destruction|degaussing is used to reduce the magnetic signatures of ships to counter magnetic mines

definition:
the removal of unwanted magnetism from a television or monitor in order to correct colour disturbance.|the destruction of the data on a data storage device by removing its magnetism.|the neutralization of the magnetic field of a ship by encircling it with a conductor carrying electric currents.


word: DEGENERACY
russian_word: вырождение
example: the degeneracy of later Roman work
definition: the state or quality of being degenerate.
antonyms: morality|purity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi
synonyms:
corruption|corruptness|decadence|moral decay|dissipation|dissoluteness|dissolution|profligacy|depravity|perversion|pervertedness|vice|immorality|lack of morals|lack of principles|baseness|turpitude|wickedness|evil|sin|sinfulness|ungodliness|debauchery|lewdness|lechery|lecherousness|lasciviousness|licentiousness|libidinousness|promiscuity|wantonness|libertinism|intemperance


word: DEGENERATE
russian_word: дегенерат
example: a degenerate form of a higher civilization
antonyms: pure
synonyms: debased|degraded|corrupt|corrupted|vitiated|bastard|impure
part_of_speech: adjective|noun|verb
definition:
having lost the physical, mental, or moral qualities considered normal and desirable; showing evidence of decline.|lacking some usual or expected property or quality.

phonetic:
late 15th century: from Latin degeneratus ‘no longer of its kind’, from the verb degenerare, from degener ‘debased’, from de- ‘away from’ + genus, gener- ‘race, kind’.


word: DEGENERATION
russian_word: дегенерация
example: overgrazing has caused serious degeneration of grassland
definition: the state or process of being or becoming degenerate; decline or deterioration.
antonyms: improvement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
deterioration|decline|decay|debasement|degradation|slide|sinking|descent|drop|regression|retrogression|lapse|atrophy|devolution


word: DEGRADATION
russian_word: деградация
example: a trail of human misery and degradation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the condition or process of degrading or being degraded.|the wearing down of rock by disintegration.

synonyms:
humiliation|shame|loss of dignity|loss of self-respect|loss of pride|abasement|mortification|indignity|ignominy|demeaning|debasement|cheapening|devaluing|discrediting|dishonouring|deterioration|degeneration|atrophy|decay|wasting away|breakdown

origin:
mid 16th century: from Old French, or from ecclesiastical Latin degradatio(n- ), from the verb degradare (see degrade).


word: DEGRADE
russian_word: деградировать
definition: treat or regard (someone) with contempt or disrespect.|break down or deteriorate chemically.
antonyms: dignify|ennoble|proud|dignified
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈɡreɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈɡreɪd
example:
she thought that many supposedly erotic pictures degraded women|the bacteria will degrade hydrocarbons

synonyms:
demean|debase|cheapen|devalue|prostitute|lower the status of|reduce|shame|humiliate|bring shame to|humble|mortify|abase|disgrace|dishonour|desensitize|dehumanize|brutalize|humiliated|demeaned|debased|cheapened|cheap|ashamed|abased|used

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French degrader, from ecclesiastical Latin degradare, from de- ‘down, away from’ + Latin gradus ‘step or grade’.


word: DEGRADING
russian_word: унижающего достоинство
example: the prisoners were subjected to cruel and degrading treatment
definition: causing a loss of self-respect; humiliating.
antonyms: ennobling
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈɡreɪdɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈɡreɪdɪŋ
synonyms:
humiliating|demeaning|shaming|shameful|bringing shame|mortifying|abject|lowering|ignominious|undignified|inglorious|discrediting|wretched|menial|infra dig


word: DEGREE
russian_word: степень
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈɡriː
phonetics_text: dɪˈɡriː
example:
a degree of caution is probably wise|set at an angle of 45 degrees|water boils at 100 degrees Celsius|a degree in zoology|persons of unequal degree

definition:
the amount, level, or extent to which something happens or is present.|a unit of measurement of angles, one ninetieth of a right angle or the angle subtended by one three-hundred-and-sixtieth of the circumference of a circle.|a unit in any of various scales of temperature, intensity, or hardness.|an academic rank conferred by a college or university after examination or after completion of a course, or conferred as an honour on a distinguished person.|social or official rank.

synonyms:
level|stage|point|rung|standard|grade|gradation|mark|amount|extent|measure|magnitude|intensity|strength|proportion|ratio

origin:
Middle English (in the senses ‘step’, ‘tier’, ‘rank’, or ‘relative state’): from Old French, based on Latin de- ‘down’ + gradus ‘step or grade’.


word: DEGRESSIVE
russian_word: нисходящий
definition: reducing by gradual amounts.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈɡrɛsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈɡrɛsɪv
origin:
late 19th century: from Latin degress- ‘descended’ (from the verb degredi, from de- ‘down’ + gradi ‘walk’) + -ive.


word: DEHYDROGENASE
russian_word: дегидрогеназы
example: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
origin: early 20th century: from de- (expressing removal) + hydrogen + -ase.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːhʌɪˈdrɒdʒəneɪz
phonetics_text: ˌdiːhʌɪˈdrɒdʒəneɪz
definition:
an enzyme that catalyses the removal of hydrogen atoms from a particular molecule, particularly in the electron transport chain reactions of cell respiration in conjunction with the coenzymes NAD and FAD.


word: DEICIDE
russian_word: богоубийство
definition: the killer of a god.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪɪsʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪɪsʌɪd|ˈdiːɪsʌɪd
origin:
early 17th century: from ecclesiastical Latin deicida ‘killer of a god’, or directly from Latin deus ‘god’ + -cide.


word: DEIFY
russian_word: обожествлять
example: she was deified by the early Romans as a fertility goddess
definition: worship or regard as a god.
antonyms: demonize
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdeɪɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪɪfʌɪ|ˈdiːɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
worship|revere|venerate|reverence|hold sacred|pay homage to|extol|exalt|adore|immortalize|divinize|idolize|apotheosize|lionize|hero-worship|idealize|glorify|aggrandize|put on a pedestal

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘make godlike in character’): from Old French deifier, from ecclesiastical Latin deificare, from deus ‘god’.


word: DEIGN
russian_word: соблаговолить
example: she did not deign to answer the maid's question
definition: do something that one considers to be beneath one's dignity.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: deɪn
phonetics_text: deɪn
origin:
Middle English: from Old French degnier, from Latin dignare, dignari ‘deem worthy’, from dignus ‘worthy’.


word: DEISM
russian_word: деизм
origin: late 17th century: from Latin deus ‘god’ + -ism.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪɪz(ə)m|ˈdiːɪz(ə)m
definition:
belief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically of a creator who does not intervene in the universe.


word: DEITY
russian_word: божество
example: a deity of ancient Greece
definition: a god or goddess (in a polytheistic religion).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪɪti
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪɪti|ˈdiːɪti
synonyms:
god|goddess|divine being|celestial being|supreme being|divinity|immortal|creator|demiurge|godhead|daemon|numen|avatar

origin:
Middle English (denoting the divine nature of God): from Old French deite, from ecclesiastical Latin deitas (translating Greek theotēs ), from deus ‘god’.


word: DEJECTED
russian_word: удрученный
example: he stood in the street looking dejected
definition: sad and depressed; dispirited.
antonyms: cheerful|happy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈdʒɛktɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈdʒɛktɪd
synonyms:
downcast|downhearted|despondent|disconsolate|dispirited|crestfallen|cast down|depressed|disappointed|disheartened|discouraged|demoralized|crushed|desolate|heartbroken|broken-hearted|heavy-hearted|low-spirited|in the doldrums|sad|unhappy|doleful|melancholy|miserable|woebegone|forlorn|long-faced|fed up|wretched|glum|gloomy|dismal|shamefaced|hangdog|blue|choked|down|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|brassed off|cheesed off|dolorous|chap-fallen


word: DEJECTION
russian_word: уныние
example: he was slumped in deep dejection
definition: a sad and depressed state; low spirits.
antonyms: happiness
origin: late Middle English: from Latin dejectio(n- ), from deicere ‘throw down’ (see deject).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈdʒɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
despondency|depression|downheartedness|dispiritedness|disconsolateness|disappointment|discouragement|desolation|despair|heavy-heartedness|unhappiness|sadness|sorrowfulness|sorrow|dolefulness|melancholy|misery|forlornness|wretchedness|glumness|gloom|gloominess|low spirits|the blues|the dumps|mopery


word: DE JURE
russian_word: юридически
definition: according to rightful entitlement or claim; by right.
antonyms: de facto
synonyms: by right|rightfully|legally|according to the law
origin: Latin, literally ‘of law’.
part_of_speech: adverb|adjective
phonetic: deɪ ˈjʊəreɪ
phonetics_text: deɪ ˈjʊəreɪ|diː ˈdʒʊəri
example:
the resolution declared that the independent Republic of Latvia proclaimed on November 18, 1918 was still in existence de jure


word: DEKKO
russian_word: быстрый взгляд
example: come and have a dekko at this
definition: a quick look or glance.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛkəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛkəʊ
origin:
late 19th century (originally used by the British army in India): from Hindi dekho ‘look!’, imperative of dekhnā .


word: DEL
russian_word: дель
definition: an operator used in vector analysis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛl
phonetics_text: dɛl
origin:
early 20th century: abbreviation of delta1, from the representation of the operator as an inverted capital delta.


word: DELAY
russian_word: задержка
example: the train was delayed
definition: make (someone or something) late or slow.
origin: Middle English: from Old French delayer (verb).
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈleɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈleɪ
synonyms:
detain|hold up|make late|retard|keep (back)|slow up|slow down|set back|bog down|hinder|hamper|impede|obstruct


word: DELAYERING
russian_word: упразднить
example: downsizing and delayering have severely undermined staff loyalty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːˈleɪərɪŋ
phonetics_text: diːˈleɪərɪŋ
definition:
the action or process of reducing the number of levels in the hierarchy of employees in an organization.


word: DELECTABLE
russian_word: восхитительный
example: delectable handmade chocolates
definition: (of food or drink) delicious.
antonyms: inedible|unpalatable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlɛktəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɛktəb(ə)l
synonyms:
delicious|mouth-watering|appetizing|flavoursome|flavourful|toothsome|inviting|very enjoyable|very palatable|succulent|luscious|rich|sweet|tasty|savoury|piquant|scrumptious|delish|scrummy|yummy|yum-yum|moreish|peng|finger-licking|nummy|ambrosial|ambrosian|nectareous|nectarean|flavorous|sapid

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin delectabilis, from delectare ‘to charm’ (see delight).


word: DELECTATION
russian_word: наслаждение
example: they had all manner of rock 'n' roll goodies for our delectation
definition: pleasure and delight.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
enjoyment|gratification|delight|pleasure|happiness|satisfaction|relish|entertainment|amusement|diversion|titillation

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin delectatio(n- ), from delectare ‘to charm’ (see delight).


word: DELEGATE
russian_word: делегат
part_of_speech: noun|verb
definition:
a person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference.

synonyms:
representative|envoy|emissary|commissioner|agent|deputy|commissary|spokesperson|spokesman|spokeswoman|frontman|ambassador|plenipotentiary|messenger|go-between|proxy|nuncio|depute|legate

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin delegatus ‘sent on a commission’, from the verb delegare, from de- ‘down’ + legare ‘depute’.


word: DELEGATION
russian_word: делегация
example: a delegation of teachers|the delegation of power to the district councils
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛlɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛlɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a body of delegates or representatives; a deputation.|the action or process of delegating or being delegated.

synonyms:
deputation|delegacy|legation|(diplomatic) mission|commission|delegates|representatives|envoys|emissaries|deputies|contingent|group|party|body

origin:
early 17th century (denoting the action or process of delegating; also in the sense ‘delegated power’): from Latin delegatio(n- ), from delegare ‘send on a commission’ (see delegate).


word: DELETE
russian_word: удалять
example: the passage was deleted
definition: remove or obliterate (written or printed matter), especially by drawing a line through it.
antonyms: add|insert
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈliːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈliːt
synonyms:
remove|cut out|take out|edit out|expunge|excise|eradicate|cancel|unpublish|cross out|strike out|put a line through|blue-pencil|ink out|score out|scratch out|obliterate|white out|rub out|erase|efface|wipe out|blot out|kill|dele|Tippex out

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘destroy’): from Latin delet- ‘blotted out, effaced’, from the verb delere .


word: DELETERIOUS
russian_word: вредный
example: divorce is assumed to have deleterious effects on children
definition: causing harm or damage.
antonyms: beneficial|advantageous
origin: mid 17th century: via medieval Latin from Greek dēlētērios ‘noxious’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɛlɪˈtɪərɪəs
phonetics_text: ˌdɛlɪˈtɪərɪəs
synonyms:
harmful|damaging|detrimental|injurious|inimical|hurtful|bad|adverse|disadvantageous|unfavourable|unfortunate|undesirable|destructive|pernicious|ruinous


word: DELIBERATE
russian_word: преднамеренный
example: a deliberate attempt to provoke conflict|a conscientious and deliberate worker
definition: done consciously and intentionally.|careful and unhurried.
antonyms: accidental|unintentional
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
synonyms:
intentional|calculated|conscious|done on purpose|intended|planned|meant|considered|studied|knowing|wilful|wanton|purposeful|purposive|premeditated|pre-planned|thought out in advance|prearranged|preconceived|predetermined|aforethought|voluntary|volitional|prepense

phonetic:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from Latin deliberatus, ‘considered carefully’, past participle of deliberare, from de- ‘down’ + librare ‘weigh’ (from libra ‘scales’).


word: DELIBERATELY
russian_word: сознательно
example: the fire was started deliberately|slowly and deliberately he rose from the armchair
definition: consciously and intentionally; on purpose.|in a careful and unhurried way.
antonyms: by mistake|accidentally|hastily
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dɪˈlɪb(ə)rətli
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪb(ə)rətli
synonyms:
intentionally|on purpose|purposely|by design|knowingly|wittingly|consciously|purposefully|premeditatedly|calculatedly|in cold blood|wilfully|wantonly|with malice aforethought|carefully|unhurriedly|steadily|evenly|measuredly|cautiously|slowly|laboriously|ponderously


word: DELIBERATION
russian_word: обсуждение
definition: long and careful consideration or discussion.|slow and careful movement or thought.
antonyms: haste
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃ(ə)n
example:
after much deliberation we arrived at a compromise|he replaced the glass on the table with deliberation

synonyms:
thought|thinking|consideration|reflection|contemplation|cogitation|pondering|weighing up|musing|meditation|rumination|brooding|discussion|debate|consultation|conferring|excogitation|cerebration

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin deliberatio(n- ), from deliberare ‘consider carefully’ (see deliberate).


word: DELICACY
russian_word: деликатес
antonyms: crudeness|coarseness
origin: late Middle English (in the senses ‘voluptuousness’ and ‘luxuriousness’): from delicate + -acy.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛlɪkəsi
phonetics_text: ˈdɛlɪkəsi
example:
miniature pearls of exquisite delicacy|I have to treat this matter with the utmost delicacy|traditional Japanese delicacies

definition:
fineness or intricacy of texture or structure.|susceptibility to illness or adverse conditions; fragility.|tact and consideration.|a choice or expensive food.

synonyms:
fineness|exquisiteness|delicateness|intricacy|daintiness|airiness|elegance|gracefulness|grace|flimsiness|gauziness|floatiness|silkiness|sensitivity|precision|accuracy|exactness


word: DELICATE
russian_word: деликатный
example: a delicate lace shawl|delicate china|delicate negotiations
antonyms: crude|coarse
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɛlɪkət
phonetics_text: ˈdɛlɪkət
definition:
very fine in texture or structure; of intricate workmanship or quality.|easily broken or damaged; fragile.|requiring sensitive or careful handling.

synonyms:
fine|exquisite|intricate|dainty|airy|elegant|graceful|flimsy|gauzy|filmy|floaty|gossamer|diaphanous|chiffony|silky|wispy|thin|insubstantial|papery

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘delightful, charming’): from French délicat or Latin delicatus, of unknown origin. Senses also expressed in Middle English (now obsolete) include ‘voluptuous’, ‘self-indulgent’, ‘fastidious’, and ‘effeminate’.


word: DELICIOUS
russian_word: восхитительный
example: delicious home-baked brown bread
definition: highly pleasant to the taste.
antonyms: inedible|unpalatable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlɪʃəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪʃəs
synonyms:
mouth-watering|appetizing|tasty|flavoursome|flavourful|delectable|toothsome|inviting|very enjoyable|very palatable|succulent|luscious|rich|sweet|savoury|piquant|scrumptious|delish|scrummy|yummy|yum-yum|moreish|peng|finger-licking|nummy|ambrosial|ambrosian|nectareous|nectarean|flavorous|sapid

origin:
Middle English (also in the sense ‘characterized by sensuous indulgence’): via Old French from late Latin deliciosus, from Latin deliciae (plural) ‘delight, pleasure’.


word: DELIGHT
russian_word: восторг
example: an experience guaranteed to delight both young and old
definition: please (someone) greatly.
antonyms: dismay|displease|disgust
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈlʌɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈlʌɪt
synonyms:
please greatly|charm|enchant|captivate|entrance|bewitch|thrill|excite|take someone's breath away|gladden|gratify|appeal to|do someone's heart good|entertain|amuse|divert|send|tickle|give someone a buzz|give someone a kick|tickle pink|bowl over

origin:
Middle English: from Old French delitier (verb), delit (noun), from Latin delectare ‘to charm’, frequentative of delicere . The -gh- was added in the 16th century by association with light1.


word: DELIGHTED
russian_word: восхищенный
example: a delighted smile
definition: feeling or showing great pleasure.
antonyms: dismayed|disappointed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlʌɪtɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈlʌɪtɪd
synonyms:
very pleased|glad|happy|joyful|thrilled|overjoyed|ecstatic|euphoric|elated|blissful|enraptured|on cloud nine/seven|walking on air|in seventh heaven|in transports of delight|jumping for joy|beside oneself with happiness|excited|enchanted|charmed|entertained|gratified|amused|diverted|like a child with a new toy|gleeful|triumphant|cock-a-hoop|enchanté|over the moon|tickled pink|like a dog with two tails|as pleased as Punch|on top of the world|on a high|as happy as Larry|blissed out|sent|chuffed|made up|as happy as a clam|wrapped


word: DELIGHTFUL
russian_word: восхитительный
example: a delightful secluded garden
definition: causing delight; charming.
antonyms: unpleasant|disagreeable|unattractive|unappealing
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlʌɪtfʊl
phonetics_text: dɪˈlʌɪtfʊl|dɪˈlʌɪtf(ə)l
synonyms:
very pleasant|lovely|greatly to one's liking|very agreeable|very pleasurable|enjoyable|congenial|amusing|entertaining|diverting|gratifying|satisfying|marvellous|wonderful|magnificent|splendid|magical|exciting|thrilling|sublime|great|super|fantastic|fabulous|fab|terrific|heavenly|divine|glorious|grand|magic|out of this world|cool|brilliant|brill|smashing|peachy|neat|ducky|beaut|bonzer|capital|wizard|corking|spiffing|ripping|cracking|top-hole|topping|champion|beezer|swell|frabjous|charming|enchanting|captivating|bewitching|entrancing|engaging|appealing|winning|fetching|sweet|endearing|cute|adorable|delectable|delicious|gorgeous|ravishing|beautiful|pretty|very attractive|bonny|couthy|dreamy|adorbs|tasty


word: DELIMIT
russian_word: определять границы
example: agreements delimiting fishing zones
definition: determine the limits or boundaries of.
synonyms: determine|establish|set|fix|mark (out/off)|demarcate|bound|define|delineate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈlɪmɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪmɪt
origin:
mid 19th century: from French délimiter, from Latin delimitare, from de- ‘down, completely’ + limitare (from limes, limit- ‘boundary, limit’).


word: DELINEATE
russian_word: очерчивать
definition: describe or portray (something) precisely.|indicate the exact position of (a border or boundary).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈlɪnɪeɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪnɪeɪt
example:
the law should delineate and prohibit behaviour which is socially abhorrent|his finger found a precisely outlined section delineated in red marker

synonyms:
describe|set forth|set out|present|outline|depict|portray|represent|characterize|map out|chart|define|detail|specify|identify|particularize|limn

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘trace the outline of something’): from Latin delineat- ‘outlined’, from the verb delineare, from de- ‘out, completely’ + lineare (from linea ‘line’).


word: DELINEATION
russian_word: определение
synonyms: portrayal|description|presentation|depiction|representation|picture|portrait|account
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌlɪnɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌlɪnɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the artist's exquisite delineation of costume and jewellery|the eventual delineation of the border between the two states

definition:
the action of describing or portraying something precisely.|the action of indicating the exact position of a border or boundary.


word: DELINQUENCY
russian_word: преступность
definition: minor crime, especially that committed by young people.|neglect of one's duty.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈlɪŋkw(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪŋkw(ə)nsi
example:
social causes of crime and delinquency|he relayed this in such a manner as to imply grave delinquency on the host's part

synonyms:
crime|wrongdoing|criminality|lawbreaking|lawlessness|misconduct|misbehaviour|misdemeanours|offences|misdeeds

origin:
mid 17th century: from ecclesiastical Latin delinquentia, from Latin delinquent- ‘offending’ (see delinquent).


word: DELINQUENT
russian_word: преступник
example: delinquent teenagers
antonyms: well behaved|conformist
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈlɪŋkw(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪŋkw(ə)nt
definition:
(typically of a young person) tending to commit crime, particularly minor crime.|failing in one's duty.

synonyms:
lawless|lawbreaking|criminal|offending|errant|badly behaved|troublesome|difficult|unmanageable|unruly|disobedient|uncontrollable|out of control

origin:
late 15th century: from Latin delinquent- ‘offending’, from the verb delinquere, from de- ‘away’ + linquere ‘to leave’.


word: DELIRATION
russian_word: бред
definition: frenzied or delirious behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛlɪˈreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛlɪˈreɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin deliratio(n-), from delirat- past participial stem of delirare ‘deviate, be deranged’ (see delirium) + -ation.


word: DELIRIOUS
russian_word: безумный
example: he became delirious and couldn't recognize people
antonyms: lucid|coherent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlɪrɪəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪrɪəs
definition:
in an acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence; affected by delirium.

synonyms:
incoherent|raving|babbling|irrational|hysterical|wild|feverish|frenzied|deranged|demented|unhinged|mad|insane|crazed|out of one's mind|swivel-eyed


word: DELIRIUM
russian_word: бред
example: somewhere a patient shouted in delirium
antonyms: lucidity|coherence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈlɪrɪəm
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪrɪəm
definition:
an acutely disturbed state of mind characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence, occurring in intoxication, fever, and other disorders.

synonyms:
derangement|dementia|dementedness|temporary madness/insanity|incoherence|raving|irrationality|hysteria|wildness|feverishness|frenzy|hallucination|calenture

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin, from delirare ‘deviate, be deranged’ (literally ‘deviate from the furrow’), from de- ‘away’ + lira ‘ridge between furrows’.


word: DELIRIUM TREMENS
russian_word: белая горячка
origin: early 19th century: from Latin, ‘trembling delirium’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌlɪrɪəmˈtriːmɛnz
phonetics_text: dɪˌlɪrɪəmˈtriːmɛnz|dɪˌlɪrɪəmˈtrɛmɛnz
definition:
a psychotic condition typical of withdrawal in chronic alcoholics, involving tremors, hallucinations, anxiety, and disorientation.


word: DELIVER
russian_word: доставлять
antonyms: collect
origin: Middle English: from Old French delivrer, based on Latin de- ‘away’ + liberare ‘set free’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈlɪvə
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪvə
example:
the products should be delivered on time|he had been able to deliver votes in huge numbers|he delivered a punch to the man's belly|the village midwife delivered the baby|deliver us from the nightmare of junk mail

definition:
bring and hand over (a letter, parcel, or goods) to the proper recipient or address.|provide (something promised or expected).|launch or aim (a blow, ball, or attack).|assist in the birth of.|save, rescue, or set someone or something free from.

synonyms:
bring|take|take round|convey|carry|transport|distribute|drop-ship|send|dispatch|remit|hand over|turn over|transfer|make over|sign over|surrender|give up|yield|relinquish|cede|render up|consign|commit|entrust|trust|commend


word: DELIVERANCE
russian_word: избавление
example: prayers for deliverance|the low drawl he employed for such deliverances
definition: the action of being rescued or set free.|a formal or authoritative utterance.
origin: Middle English: from Old French delivrance, from the verb delivrer (see deliver).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈlɪv(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪv(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
liberation|release|freeing|rescue|delivery|discharge|ransom|emancipation|salvation|redemption|manumission


word: DELIVERY
russian_word: доставка
antonyms: collection
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈlɪv(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɪv(ə)ri
example:
allow up to 28 days for delivery|injuries sustained during delivery|he reached 59 runs off only 42 deliveries|her delivery was stilted|a mechanism for rapid delivery of bile into the duodenum

definition:
the action of delivering letters, parcels, or goods.|the process of giving birth.|an act of throwing, bowling, or kicking a ball, especially a cricket ball.|the manner or style of giving a speech.|the supply or provision of something.|the acknowledgement by the maker of a deed that they intend to be bound by it.

synonyms:
conveyance|carriage|transportation|transporting|transport|distribution|dispatch|remittance|freightage|haulage|portage|shipment

origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French delivree, feminine past participle of delivrer (see deliver).


word: DELPHINIUM
russian_word: дельфиниум
definition: a popular garden plant of the buttercup family, which bears tall spikes of blue flowers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛlˈfɪnɪəm
phonetics_text: dɛlˈfɪnɪəm
origin:
modern Latin, from Greek delphinion ‘larkspur’, from delphin ‘dolphin’ (because of the shape of the spur, thought to resemble a dolphin's back).


word: DELUDE
russian_word: обманывать
example: too many theorists have deluded the public
definition: make (someone) believe something that is not true.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈl(j)uːd
phonetics_text: dɪˈl(j)uːd
synonyms:
mislead|deceive|fool|take in|trick|dupe|hoodwink|double-cross|gull|beguile|lead on|cheat|defraud|swindle|con|bamboozle|pull a fast one on|lead up the garden path|take for a ride|put one over on|sucker|snooker|hornswoggle|pull a swifty on|cozen|illude

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin deludere ‘to mock’, from de- (with pejorative force) + ludere ‘to play’.


word: DELUGE
russian_word: потоп
example: this may be the worst deluge in living memory
definition: a severe flood.
synonyms: flood|flash flood|torrent|spate
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɛljuːdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛljuːdʒ
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, variant of diluve, from Latin diluvium, from diluere ‘wash away’.


word: DELUSION
russian_word: заблуждение
example: the delusion of being watched
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈluːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈluːʒ(ə)n
definition:
an idiosyncratic belief or impression maintained despite being contradicted by reality or rational argument, typically as a symptom of mental disorder.

synonyms:
misapprehension|mistaken impression|false impression|mistaken belief|misconception|misunderstanding|mistake|error|misinterpretation|misconstruction|misbelief|fallacy|illusion|figment of the imagination|fantasy|chimera|fool's paradise|self-deception

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘act of deluding or of being deluded’): from late Latin delusio(n- ), from the verb deludere (see delude).


word: DELUSIVE
russian_word: обманчивый
example: a delusive perception of opportunity for all
definition: giving a false or misleading impression.
antonyms: well founded|genuine
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈluːsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈluːsɪv
synonyms:
misleading|deceptive|misconceived|mistaken|false|in error|illusory|chimerical|insubstantial|delusory|illusive


word: DELUXE
russian_word: роскошный
example: a deluxe hotel
definition: luxurious or sumptuous; of a superior kind.
antonyms: basic|cheap|downmarket
origin: early 19th century: French de luxe, literally ‘of luxury’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlʌks
phonetics_text: dɪˈlʌks|dɪˈlʊks
synonyms:
luxurious|luxury|sumptuous|palatial|opulent|splendid|magnificent|lavish|grand|rich|superior|high-class|quality|exclusive|choice|select|elegant|well appointed|fancy|expensive|costly|upmarket|plush|plushy|posh|classy|ritzy|swanky|pricey|fancy-pants|swish|swank|loaded|palatian|Lucullan


word: DELVE
russian_word: копаться
example: she delved in her pocket|when Adam delved and Eve span, who was then the gentleman?
definition: reach inside a receptacle and search for something.|dig; excavate.
origin: Old English delfan ‘dig’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch delven .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɛlv
phonetics_text: dɛlv
synonyms:
search (through)|hunt through|scrabble about/around in|root about/around in|ferret (about/around) in|fish about/around in|poke about/around in|dig in|grub about/around in|go through|burrow in|rifle through|scour|ransack|turn upside down|turn inside out|rootle around in|fossick through|roust around in


word: DEMAGOGUE
russian_word: демагог
example: a gifted demagogue with particular skill in manipulating the press
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɛməɡɒɡ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛməɡɒɡ
definition:
a political leader who seeks support by appealing to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people rather than by using rational argument.

synonyms:
rabble-rouser|political agitator|agitator|soapbox orator|firebrand|troublemaker|incendiary|tub-thumper

origin:
mid 17th century: from Greek dēmagōgos, from dēmos ‘the people’ + agōgos ‘leading’ (from agein ‘to lead’).


word: DEMAGOGUERY
russian_word: демагогия
example: the demagoguery of political opportunists
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛməˈɡɒɡ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɛməˈɡɒɡ(ə)ri
definition:
political activity or practices that seek support by appealing to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people rather than by using rational argument.


word: DEMAND
russian_word: спрос
example: a series of demands for far-reaching reforms
definition: an insistent and peremptory request, made as of right.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈmɑːnd
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɑːnd
synonyms:
request|call|command|order|dictate|ultimatum|stipulation|insistence|pressure|clamour|importunity|urging|a big ask|behest|hest

origin:
Middle English (as a noun): from Old French demande (noun), demander (verb), from Latin demandare ‘hand over, entrust’ (in medieval Latin ‘demand’), from de- ‘formally’ + mandare ‘to order’.


word: DEMANDING
russian_word: требующий
example: she has a busy and demanding job
definition: (of a task) requiring much skill or effort.
antonyms: easy|effortless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ
synonyms:
difficult|challenging|testing|taxing|exacting|tough|hard|onerous|burdensome|stressful|formidable|arduous|tiring|wearing|exhausting|wearying|wearisome|draining|uphill|rigorous|gruelling|back-breaking|Herculean|punishing|a tall order|knackering|toilsome


word: DEMARCATION
russian_word: демаркация
example: the demarcation of the maritime border
definition: the action of fixing the boundary or limits of something.
synonyms: separation|distinction|differentiation|division|delimitation|marking off|definition
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːmɑːˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: diːmɑːˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
early 18th century: from Spanish demarcación, from demarcar ‘mark the bounds of’, ultimately of Germanic origin and related to mark1. Originally used in the phrase line of demarcation (Spanish línea de demarcación, Portuguese linha de demarcação ), the word denoted a line dividing the New World between the Spanish and Portuguese, laid down by the Pope in 1493.


word: DEME
russian_word: дема
origin: from Greek dēmos ‘people’; deme (sense 2) is an extended use dating from the 1930s.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːm
phonetics_text: diːm
definition:
a political division of Attica in ancient Greece.|a subdivision of a population consisting of closely related plants, animals, or people, typically breeding mainly within the group.


word: DEMEAN
russian_word: унижать
example: I had demeaned the profession
definition: cause a severe loss in the dignity of and respect for (someone or something).
antonyms: ennobling
origin: early 17th century: from de- ‘away, down’ + the adjective mean2, on the pattern of debase .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈmiːn
phonetics_text: dɪˈmiːn
synonyms:
degrading|humiliating|shaming|shameful|bringing shame|mortifying|abject|lowering|ignominious|undignified|inglorious|discrediting|menial|infra dig


word: DEMEANOUR
russian_word: поведение
example: his happy demeanour
definition: outward behaviour or bearing.
origin: late 15th century: from demean2, probably influenced by obsolete havour ‘behaviour’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈmiːnə
phonetics_text: dɪˈmiːnə
synonyms:
manner|air|attitude|appearance|look|aspect|mien|cast|bearing|carriage|way of carrying oneself|behaviour|conduct|way of behaving|comportment|deportment


word: DEMENTED
russian_word: сумасшедший
definition: suffering from dementia.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈmɛntɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɛntɪd
origin:
mid 17th century: past participle of earlier dement  ‘drive mad’, from Old French dementer or late Latin dementare, from demens ‘out of one's mind’.


word: DEMENTIA
russian_word: слабоумие
antonyms: sanity
origin: late 18th century: from Latin, from demens, dement- ‘out of one's mind’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈmɛnʃə
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɛnʃə
definition:
a chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.

synonyms:
mental illness|madness|insanity|derangement|lunacy|senile dementia|Alzheimer's disease|Alzheimer's|softening of the brain


word: DEMERARA
russian_word: демерара
origin: mid 19th century: named after the region of Demerara.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛməˈrɛːrə
phonetics_text: ˌdɛməˈrɛːrə|ˌdɛməˈrɑːrə
definition:
light brown cane sugar coming originally and chiefly from Guyana.|a dark rum fermented from molasses, made in Guyana.


word: DEMERGER
russian_word: разделение
example: the demerger of the security company will be announced on 10 June
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːˈməːdʒə
phonetics_text: diːˈməːdʒə
definition:
the separation of a large company into two or more smaller organizations, particularly as the dissolution of an earlier merger.


word: DEMERSAL
russian_word: придонный
example: demersal fish
definition: (chiefly of fish) living close to the floor of the sea or a lake.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈməːs(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈməːs(ə)l
origin:
late 19th century: from Latin demersus (past participle of demergere ‘submerge, sink’, from de- ‘down’ + mergere ‘plunge’) + -al.


word: DEMI-MONDE
russian_word: полусвет
origin: French, literally ‘half-world’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛmɪˈmɒnd
phonetics_text: ˌdɛmɪˈmɒnd|French dəmimɔ̃d
definition:
(in 19th-century France) a class of women considered to be of doubtful social standing and morality.


word: DEMISE
russian_word: кончина
example: Mr Grisenthwaite's tragic demise
definition: a person's death.|conveyance or transfer of property or a title by will or lease.
antonyms: birth
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈmʌɪz
phonetics_text: dɪˈmʌɪz
synonyms:
death|dying|passing|passing away|passing on|loss of life|expiry|expiration|end|departure from life|final exit|decease|quietus

origin:
late Middle English (as a legal term): from Anglo-Norman French, past participle (used as a noun) of Old French desmettre ‘dismiss’, (in reflexive) ‘abdicate’, based on Latin dimittere (see dismiss).


word: DEMISEMIQUAVER
russian_word: тридцать вторая нота
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛmɪˈsɛmɪˌkweɪvə
phonetics_text: ˌdɛmɪˈsɛmɪˌkweɪvə
definition:
a note having the time value of half a semiquaver, represented by a large dot with a three-hooked stem.


word: DEMIURGE
russian_word: демиург
definition: a being responsible for the creation of the universe.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːmɪəːdʒ
phonetics_text: ˈdiːmɪəːdʒ|ˈdɛmɪəːdʒ
origin:
early 17th century (denoting a magistrate in certain ancient Greek states): via ecclesiastical Latin from Greek dēmiourgos ‘craftsman’, from dēmios ‘public’ (from dēmos ‘people’) + -ergos ‘working’.


word: DEMOCRACY
russian_word: демократия
example: a system of parliamentary democracy
antonyms: tyranny|dictatorship
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈmɒkrəsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒkrəsi
definition:
a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

synonyms:
representative government|elective government|constitutional government|popular government|self-government|government by the people|autonomy|republic|commonwealth

origin:
late 16th century: from French démocratie, via late Latin from Greek dēmokratia, from dēmos ‘the people’ + -kratia ‘power, rule’.


word: DEMOCRATIC
russian_word: демократический
example: democratic countries|a Democratic fundraiser
antonyms: totalitarian|despotic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛməˈkratɪk
phonetics_text: dɛməˈkratɪk
definition:
relating to or supporting democracy or its principles.|(in the US) relating to the Democratic Party.

synonyms:
elected|representative|parliamentary|popular|of the people|populist|egalitarian|classless|self-governing|autonomous|republican

origin:
early 17th century: from French démocratique, via medieval Latin from Greek dēmokratikos, from dēmokratia (see democracy).


word: DEMOISELLE
russian_word: журавль-красавка
origin: early 16th century (in demoiselle (sense 4)): from French, from Old French dameisele ‘damsel’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛmwɑːˈzɛl
phonetics_text: ˌdɛmwɑːˈzɛl
definition:
a small, graceful Old World crane with a black head and breast and white ear tufts, breeding in south-eastern Europe and central Asia.|a damselfly, especially an agrion.|a damselfish.|a young woman.


word: DEMOLISH
russian_word: сносить
example: the house was demolished to make way for the shopping centre
definition: pull or knock down (a building).
antonyms: build|construct
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈmɒlɪʃ
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒlɪʃ
synonyms:
knock down|pull down|tear down|bring down|destroy|flatten|raze|raze to the ground|level|reduce to ruins|bulldoze|break up|topple|blow up|blow to bits/pieces|obliterate|annihilate|wipe off the face of the earth|wipe off the map|dismantle|disassemble|total|throw down|unbuild

origin:
mid 16th century: from French démoliss-, lengthened stem of démolir, from Latin demoliri, from de- (expressing reversal) + moliri ‘construct’ (from moles ‘mass’).


word: DEMOLITION
russian_word: снос
example: the monument was saved from demolition
definition: the action or process of demolishing or being demolished.
antonyms: construction|confirmation
origin: mid 16th century: via French from Latin demolitio(n- ), from the verb demoliri (see demolish).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛməˈlɪʃn
phonetics_text: dɛməˈlɪʃn
synonyms:
destruction|knocking down|pulling down|tearing down|flattening|razing|levelling|bulldozing|clearance|obliteration|annihilation|wrecking|refutation|disproval|disproving


word: DEMON
russian_word: демон
example: he was possessed by an evil demon|a friend of mine is a demon cook
antonyms: angel
synonyms: devil|fiend|evil spirit|fallen angel|cacodemon|incubus|succubus|hellhound|afreet|rakshasa
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːmən
phonetics_text: ˈdiːmən
definition:
an evil spirit or devil, especially one thought to possess a person or act as a tormentor in hell.|a forceful or skilful performer of a specified activity.|another term for daemon1 (sense 1).

origin:
Middle English: from medieval Latin, from Latin daemon, from Greek daimōn ‘deity, genius’; in demon1 (sense 1) also from Latin daemonium ‘lesser or evil spirit’, from Greek daemonion, diminutive of daimōn .


word: DEMONIAC
russian_word: бесноватый
example: a goddess with both divine and demoniac qualities
definition: relating to or characteristic of a demon or demons.
antonyms: angelic
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈməʊnɪak
phonetics_text: dɪˈməʊnɪak
synonyms:
devilish|demonic|diabolic|diabolical|fiendish|satanic|Mephistophelian|hellish|infernal|evil|wicked|ungodly|unholy|cacodemonic

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French demoniaque, from ecclesiastical Latin daemoniacus, from daemonium ‘lesser or evil spirit’ (see demon1).


word: DEMONIC
russian_word: демонический
example: demonic possession
definition: relating to or characteristic of demons or evil spirits.
antonyms: angelic
origin: mid 17th century: via late Latin from Greek daimonikos, from daimōn (see demon1).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈmɒnɪk
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒnɪk
synonyms:
devilish|demoniac|demoniacal|diabolic|diabolical|fiendish|satanic|Mephistophelian|hellish|infernal|evil|wicked|ungodly|unholy|cacodemonic


word: DEMONSTRABLE
russian_word: очевидный
example: the demonstrable injustices of racism
definition: clearly apparent or capable of being logically proved.
antonyms: unverifiable
origin: late Middle English: from Latin demonstrabilis, from demonstrare ‘point out’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈmɒnstrəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒnstrəb(ə)l
synonyms:
verifiable|provable|attestable|evincible|verified|proven|confirmed|obvious|clear|clear-cut|plain|evident|apparent|manifest|patent|conspicuous|prominent|transparent|striking|distinct|noticeable|perceptible|observable|unmistakable|undeniable|self-evident


word: DEMONSTRATE
russian_word: демонстрировать
antonyms: hide
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛmənstreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛmənstreɪt
example:
computerized design methods will be demonstrated|their shameful silence demonstrates their ineptitude|thousands demonstrated in favour of the government

definition:
give a practical exhibition and explanation of (how a machine, skill, or craft works or is performed).|clearly show the existence or truth of (something) by giving proof or evidence.|take part in a public demonstration.

synonyms:
give a demonstration of|show how something is done|show how something works|exhibit|display|show|illustrate|exemplify|give an idea of

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘point out’): from Latin demonstrat- ‘pointed out’, from the verb demonstrare .


word: DEMONSTRATION
russian_word: демонстрация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛmənˈstreɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛmənˈstreɪʃ(ə)n
example:
his demonstration of the need for computer corpora in language study is convincing|a microwave cookery demonstration|a pro-democracy demonstration

definition:
an act of showing that something exists or is true by giving proof or evidence.|a practical exhibition and explanation of how something works or is performed.|a public meeting or march protesting against something or expressing views on a political issue.

synonyms:
proof|substantiation|confirmation|affirmation|corroboration|verification|validation|evidence|indication|witness|testament

origin:
late Middle English (also in the senses ‘proof provided by logic’ and ‘sign, indication’): from Latin demonstratio(n- ), from demonstrare ‘point out’ (see demonstrate). demonstration (sense 3) dates from the mid 19th century.


word: DEMONSTRATIVE
russian_word: демонстративный
example: we were a very physically demonstrative family|demonstrative evidence
antonyms: undemonstrative|reserved
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈmɒnstrətɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒnstrətɪv
definition:
(of a person) unrestrained in showing feelings, especially those of affection.|serving as conclusive evidence of something.|(of a determiner or pronoun) indicating the person or thing referred to (e.g. this, that, those ).

synonyms:
expressive|open|forthcoming|emotional|communicative|responsive|unreserved|unrestrained|effusive|expansive|gushing|affectionate|cuddly|loving|warm|friendly|approachable|touchy-feely|lovey-dovey

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘serving as conclusive evidence of’ and ‘making manifest’): from Old French demonstratif, -ive, from Latin demonstrativus, from demonstrare ‘point out’ (see demonstrate).


word: DEMORALIZE
russian_word: деморализовать
definition: cause (someone) to lose confidence or hope.|corrupt the morals of (someone).
antonyms: encourage|hearten
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈmɒrəlʌɪz
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒrəlʌɪz
example:
the General Strike had demoralized the trade unions|she hastened her daughter's steps, lest she be demoralized by beholding the free manners of these ‘mad English’

synonyms:
dishearten|dispirit|deject|cast down|depress|dismay|daunt|discourage|unman|unnerve|crush|sap|shake|throw|cow|subdue|undermine|devitalize|weaken|enfeeble|enervate|break someone's spirit|bring someone low|knock the stuffing out of|knock for six|knock sideways|dispirited|disheartened|downhearted|dejected|downcast|low|depressed|despairing|disconsolate|crestfallen|disappointed|dismayed|daunted|discouraged|unmanned|unnerved|crushed|humbled|cowed|subdued|sapped|drained|shaken|thrown|undermined|devitalized|fed up|brassed off|cheesed off|pissed off

origin:
late 18th century: from French démoraliser (a word of the French Revolution), from dé- (expressing reversal) + moral ‘moral’, from Latin moralis .


word: DEMOSTHENIC
russian_word: красноречивый
example: a brilliant piece of writing that combines grace and Demosthenic force
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛmɒsˈθɛnɪk
phonetics_text: dɛmɒsˈθɛnɪk
definition:
relating to or characteristic of the Athenian orator and statesman Demosthenes or his political speeches, especially in being lucid and persuasive.


word: DEMOTE
russian_word: понижать в должности
example: the head of the army was demoted to deputy defence secretary
definition: move (someone) to a lower position or rank, usually as a punishment.
antonyms: promote
origin: late 19th century: from de- ‘down’ + a shortened form of promote.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈməʊt
phonetics_text: diːˈməʊt
synonyms:
downgrade|relegate|declass|move down|lower in rank|reduce in rank|strip of rank|reduce to the ranks|depose|unseat|dethrone|displace|oust|drum out|remove from office|cashier|disrate|bust


word: DEMOTIC
russian_word: демотический
example: a demotic idiom
definition: denoting or relating to the kind of language used by ordinary people; colloquial.
antonyms: formal
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈmɒtɪk
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɒtɪk
synonyms:
popular|vernacular|colloquial|idiomatic|vulgar|common|informal|everyday|non-literary|unofficial|slangy|enchorial

origin:
early 19th century (in the sense ‘relating to the Egyptian demotic’): from Greek dēmotikos ‘popular’, from dēmotēs ‘one of the people’, from dēmos ‘the people’.


word: DEMUR
russian_word: возражать
example: normally she would have accepted the challenge, but she demurred
definition: raise objections or show reluctance.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈməː
phonetics_text: dɪˈməː
synonyms:
raise objections|object|take exception|take issue|protest|lodge a protest|cavil|dissent|raise doubts|express doubt|express reluctance|express reservations|express misgivings|be unwilling|be reluctant|balk|hesitate|think twice|hang back|drag one's heels|refuse|be cagey|boggle|kick up a fuss|kick up a stink

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘linger, delay’): from Old French demourer (verb), demeure (noun), based on Latin de- ‘away, completely’ + morari ‘delay’.


word: DEMURE
russian_word: скромный
example: a demure young lady
definition: reserved, modest, and shy (typically used of a woman).
antonyms: brazen|shameless
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈmjʊə
phonetics_text: dɪˈmjʊə|dɪˈmjɔː
synonyms:
modest|unassuming|meek|mild|reserved|retiring|quiet|shy|bashful|diffident|reticent|timid|timorous|shrinking|coy|decorous|decent|seemly|ladylike|respectable|proper|virtuous|pure|innocent|maidenly|virginal|chaste|sober|sedate|staid|prim|prim and proper|priggish|prissy|prudish|goody-goody|strait-laced|puritanical|old-maidish|straight|starchy|uptight|square|retired

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘sober, serious, reserved’): perhaps from Old French demoure, past participle of demourer ‘remain’ (see demur); influenced by Old French mur ‘grave’, from Latin maturus ‘ripe or mature’. The sense ‘reserved, shy’ dates from the late 17th century.


word: DEMURRAGE
russian_word: простой
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈmʌrɪdʒ
phonetics_text: dɪˈmʌrɪdʒ
definition:
a charge payable to the owner of a chartered ship on failure to load or discharge the ship within the time agreed.

origin:
mid 17th century (also in the general sense ‘delay’): from Old French demourage, from the verb demourer (see demur).


word: DEMY
russian_word: формат бумаги
definition: a paper size, 564 × 444 mm.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈmʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈmʌɪ
origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective in the sense ‘half-sized’): from demi-, or from its source, French demi ‘half’.


word: DEN
russian_word: логово
example: a female mink had set up her den there
definition: a wild mammal's hidden home; a lair.|a small subdivision of a Cub Scout pack.
origin: Old English denn, of Germanic origin; related to German Tenne ‘threshing floor’, also to dene1.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɛn
phonetics_text: dɛn
synonyms:
lair|sett|earth|drey|lodge|burrow|hole|tunnel|cave|dugout|hollow|covert|shelter|hiding place|hideout|hidey-hole


word: DENARIUS
russian_word: денарий
definition: an ancient Roman silver coin, originally worth ten asses.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈnɛːrɪəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈnɛːrɪəs|dɪˈnɑːrɪəs
origin:
Latin, literally ‘containing ten’, from the phrase denarius nummus ‘coin worth ten asses’ (see as2), from deni ‘in tens’, from decem ‘ten’.


word: DENAZIFICATION
russian_word: денацификация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːˌnɑːtsɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːˌnɑːtsɪfɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the process of bringing the leaders of the National Socialist regime in Germany to justice and of purging all elements of Nazism from public life, carried out especially between 1945 and 1948.


word: DENDRIMER
russian_word: дендример
origin: 1980s: from Greek dendron ‘tree’ + -i- + -mer.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛndrɪmə
phonetics_text: ˈdɛndrɪmə
definition:
a synthetic polymer with a structure of repeatedly branching chains, typically forming spherical macromolecules.


word: DENDRITE
russian_word: дендрит
origin: early 18th century: from French, from Greek dendritēs ‘treelike’, from dendron ‘tree’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛndrʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛndrʌɪt
definition:
a short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells at synapses are transmitted to the cell body.|a crystal or crystalline mass with a branching treelike structure.


word: DENGUE
russian_word: лихорадка денге
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛŋɡi
phonetics_text: ˈdɛŋɡi
definition:
a debilitating viral disease of the tropics, transmitted by mosquitoes, and causing sudden fever and acute pains in the joints.

origin:
early 19th century: from West Indian Spanish, from Kiswahili dinga (in full kidingapopo ), influenced by Spanish dengue ‘fastidiousness’ (with reference to the dislike of movement by affected patients).


word: DENIAL
russian_word: отказ
example: she shook her head in denial
definition: the action of denying something.
antonyms: confirmation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈnʌɪ(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈnʌɪ(ə)l
synonyms:
contradiction|counterstatement|refutation|rebuttal|repudiation|disclaimer|retraction|abjuration|negation|dissent|disaffirmation|confutation|retractation


word: DENIER
russian_word: денье
example: a prominent denier of global warming
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈnʌɪə
phonetics_text: dɪˈnʌɪə
definition:
a person who denies something, especially someone who refuses to admit the truth of a concept or proposition that is supported by the majority of scientific or historical evidence.


word: DENIGRATE
russian_word: клеветать
example: doom and gloom merchants who denigrate their own country
definition: criticize unfairly; disparage.
antonyms: extol
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛnɪɡreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛnɪɡreɪt
synonyms:
disparage|belittle|diminish|deprecate|cast aspersions on|decry|criticize unfairly|attack|speak ill of|speak badly of|blacken the character of|blacken the name of|give someone a bad name|sully the reputation of|spread lies about|defame|slander|libel|calumniate|besmirch|run down|abuse|insult|slight|revile|malign|vilify|slur|bad-mouth|do a hatchet job on|pull to pieces|pull apart|sling mud at|throw mud at|drag through the mud|rubbish|slag off|have a go at|slate|asperse|derogate|vilipend|vituperate

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘blacken, make dark’): from Latin denigrat- ‘blackened’, from the verb denigrare, from de- ‘away, completely’ + nigrare (from niger ‘black’).


word: DENIM
russian_word: джинсы
definition: a hard-wearing cotton twill fabric, typically blue and used for jeans and other clothing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛnɪm
phonetics_text: ˈdɛnɪm
origin:
late 17th century (as serge denim ): from French serge de Nîmes, denoting a kind of serge from the town of Nîmes.


word: DENITRIFY
russian_word: денитрифицировать
example: indigenous bacteria denitrify groundwater
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈnʌɪtrɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: diːˈnʌɪtrɪfʌɪ
definition:
(chiefly of bacteria) remove the nitrates or nitrites from (soil, air, or water) by chemical reduction.


word: DENIZEN
russian_word: житель
example: denizens of field and forest
definition: a person, animal, or plant that lives or is found in a particular place.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛnɪz(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdɛnɪz(ə)n
synonyms:
inhabitant|resident|townsman|townswoman|native|local|occupier|occupant|dweller|local yokel|burgher|burgess|habitant|residentiary|oppidan|indweller

origin:
late Middle English deynseyn, via Anglo-Norman French from Old French deinz ‘within’ (from Latin de ‘from’ + intus ‘within’) + -ein (from Latin -aneus ‘-aneous’). The change in the form of the word was due to association with citizen.


word: DENOMINATE
russian_word: деноминировать
definition: (of sums of money) be expressed in a specified monetary unit.|call; name.
synonyms: call|name|term|designate|style|dub|label|entitle|christen|baptize|clepe
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈnɒmɪneɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈnɒmɪneɪt
example:
the borrowings were denominated in US dollars|two principal types of word associates can be denominated paradigmatic and syntagmatic

origin:
late Middle English (in denominate (sense 2)): from Latin denominat- ‘named’, from the verb denominare, from de- ‘away, formally’ + nominare ‘to name’ (from nomen, nomin- ‘name’). denominate (sense 1) dates from the mid 20th century.


word: DENOMINATION
russian_word: деноминация
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the Presbyterian community is the second largest denomination in the country|high-denomination banknotes

definition:
a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church.|the face value of a banknote, coin, or postage stamp.|a name or designation.

synonyms:
religious group|sect|Church|cult|movement|faith community|body|persuasion|religious persuasion|communion|order|fraternity|brotherhood|sisterhood|school|faith|creed|belief|religious belief|religion|sodality

origin:
late Middle English (in denomination (sense 3)): from Latin denominatio(n- ), from the verb denominare (see denominate). denomination (sense 1) dates from the mid 17th century.


word: DENOMINATIVE
russian_word: отыменный
definition: old-fashioned term for denominal.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈnɒmɪnətɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈnɒmɪnətɪv
origin:
late 16th century (as a noun in the grammatical sense): from late Latin denominativus, from denominat- ‘named’, from the verb denominare (see denominate).


word: DENOTE
russian_word: обозначать
example: this mark denotes purity and quality
definition: be a sign of; indicate.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈnəʊt
phonetics_text: dɪˈnəʊt
synonyms:
designate|indicate|be a sign of|be a mark of|signify|signal|symbolize|represent|stand for|mean|typify|characterize|distinguish|mark|identify|bespeak|betoken|suggest|point to|be evidence of|smack of|conjure up|bring to mind|show|reveal|demonstrate|intimate|imply|connote|convey|give away|betray|spell

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘be a sign of, mark out’): from French dénoter or Latin denotare, from de- ‘away, thoroughly’ + notare ‘observe, note’ (from nota ‘a mark’).


word: DENOUEMENT
russian_word: развязка
example: the film's denouement was unsatisfying and ambiguous
antonyms: beginning
origin: mid 18th century: French dénouement, from dénouer ‘unknot’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: deɪˈnuːmɒ̃
phonetics_text: deɪˈnuːmɒ̃
definition:
the final part of a play, film, or narrative in which the strands of the plot are drawn together and matters are explained or resolved.

synonyms:
finale|final scene|final act|last act|epilogue|coda|end|ending|finish|close|culmination|climax|conclusion|resolution|solution|clarification|unravelling|wind-up


word: DENOUNCE
russian_word: денонсировать
example: the Assembly denounced the use of violence
definition: publicly declare to be wrong or evil.
antonyms: praise
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈnaʊns
phonetics_text: dɪˈnaʊns
synonyms:
condemn|criticize|attack|censure|castigate|decry|revile|vilify|besmirch|discredit|damn|reject|proscribe|find fault with|cast aspersions on|malign|pour scorn on|rail against|inveigh against|fulminate against|declaim against|give something a bad press|run something down|slur|bad-mouth|knock|pan|slam|hammer|blast|hit out at|lay into|lace into|pull to pieces|pull apart|savage|maul|slate|slag off|have a go at|give some stick to|rate|slash|reprobate|vituperate|excoriate|arraign|objurgate|asperse|anathematize|animadvert on|denunciate

origin:
Middle English (originally in the sense ‘proclaim’, also ‘proclaim someone to be wicked, a rebel, etc.’): from Old French denoncier, from Latin denuntiare ‘give official information’, based on nuntius ‘messenger’.


word: DENSE
russian_word: плотный
antonyms: thin|light
synonyms: thick|heavy|opaque|soupy|murky|smoggy|impenetrable|concentrated|condensed|of high density
origin: late Middle English: from Latin densus .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛns
phonetics_text: dɛns
example:
as the storm cleared, a dense fog came down|Am I being dense? I don't quite understand|a dark, dense novel

definition:
closely compacted in substance.|(of a person) stupid.|(of a text) hard to understand because of its complexity of ideas.


word: DENSITOMETER
russian_word: денситометр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛnsɪˈtɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌdɛnsɪˈtɒmɪtə
definition:
a device for measuring the density of a material.|an instrument for measuring the photographic density of an image on a film or photographic print.


word: DENSITY
russian_word: плотность
example: a reduction in bone density|a low-density floppy disk|areas of low population density
synonyms: solidity|solidness|denseness|thickness|substance|bulk|weight|mass|compactness|tightness|hardness
origin: early 17th century: from French densité or Latin densitas, from densus ‘dense’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛnsɪti
phonetics_text: ˈdɛnsɪti
definition:
the degree of compactness of a substance.|a measure of the amount of information on a storage medium.|the quantity of people or things in a given area or space.


word: DENTAL
russian_word: зубной
example: dental health
origin: late 16th century: from late Latin dentalis, from Latin dens, dent- ‘tooth’.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɛnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɛnt(ə)l
definition:
relating to the teeth.|(of a consonant) pronounced with the tip of the tongue against the upper front teeth (as th ) or the alveolar ridge (as n, d, t ).


word: DENTARY
russian_word: зубная
origin: mid 19th century: from late Latin dentarius, from Latin dens, dent- ‘tooth’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛnt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdɛnt(ə)ri
definition:
the anterior bone of the lower jaw which bears the teeth. In mammals it forms the whole of the lower jaw (or mandible).


word: DENTIFRICE
russian_word: зубная паста
example: here's a dentifrice with real action
definition: a paste or powder for cleaning the teeth.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛntɪfrɪs
phonetics_text: ˈdɛntɪfrɪs
origin:
late Middle English: from French, from Latin dentifricium, from dens, dent- ‘tooth’ + fricare ‘to rub’.


word: DENTIL
russian_word: дентикула
example: a dentil frieze
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛntɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdɛntɪl
definition:
(in classical architecture) one of a number of small rectangular blocks resembling teeth, used as a decoration under the moulding of a cornice.

origin:
late 16th century: from Italian dentello or obsolete French dentille, diminutive of dent ‘tooth’, from Latin dens, dent- .


word: DENTISTRY
russian_word: лечение зубов
example: advances in modern dentistry
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛntɪstri
phonetics_text: ˈdɛntɪstri
definition:
the treatment of diseases and other conditions that affect the teeth and gums, especially the repair and extraction of teeth and the insertion of artificial ones.


word: DENUDE
russian_word: оголять
example: almost overnight the Arctic was denuded of animals
definition: strip (something) of its covering, possessions, or assets.
antonyms: cover
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈnjuːd
phonetics_text: dɪˈnjuːd
synonyms:
divest|strip|clear|deprive|bereave|rob|lay bare|make bare|bare|uncover|expose|deforest|defoliate|despoil

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin denudare, from de- ‘completely’ + nudare ‘to bare’ (from nudus ‘naked’).


word: DENUNCIATE
russian_word: поносить
example: about 1500 civilians joined the demonstration to denunciate terrorism
definition: publicly declare to be wrong or evil; denounce.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈnʌnsɪeɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈnʌnsɪeɪt
origin:
late 16th century: from medieval Latin denunciat-, from the verb denuntiare ‘give official information’, based on nuntius ‘messenger’: see -ate3.


word: DENY
russian_word: отрицать
antonyms: confirm
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈnʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈnʌɪ
example:
both firms deny any responsibility for the tragedy|the inquiry was denied access to intelligence sources

definition:
state that one refuses to admit the truth or existence of.|refuse to give (something requested or desired) to (someone).

synonyms:
contradict|repudiate|gainsay|declare untrue|dissent from|disagree with|challenge|contest|oppose|retract|take back|back-pedal|disprove|debunk|explode|discredit|refute|rebut|invalidate|negate|nullify|quash|shoot full of holes|shoot down (in flames)|disaffirm|controvert|confute|negative

origin:
Middle English: from Old French deni-, stressed stem of deneier, from Latin denegare, from de- ‘formally’ + negare ‘say no’.


word: DEONTIC
russian_word: деонтические
definition: relating to duty and obligation as ethical concepts.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈɒntɪk
phonetics_text: dɪˈɒntɪk
origin:
mid 19th century (as noun deontics ): from Greek deont- ‘being needed or necessary’ (from dei ‘it is necessary’) + -ic.


word: DEONTOLOGY
russian_word: деонтология
definition: the study of the nature of duty and obligation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːɒnˈtɒlədʒi
phonetics_text: ˌdiːɒnˈtɒlədʒi
origin:
early 19th century: from Greek deont- ‘being needed or necessary’ (from dei ‘it is necessary’) + -logy.


word: DEPART
russian_word: отходить
example: they departed for Germany
definition: leave, especially in order to start a journey.
antonyms: arrive|stay
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpɑːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɑːt
synonyms:
leave|go|go away|go off|take one's leave|take oneself off|withdraw|absent oneself|say one's goodbyes|quit|make an exit|exit|break camp|decamp|retreat|beat a retreat|retire|make off|clear out|make oneself scarce|run off|run away|flee|fly|bolt|set off|set out|start out|get going|get under way|be on one's way|make tracks|up sticks|pack one's bags|shove off|push off|clear off|take off|skedaddle|scram|split|scoot|flit|sling one's hook|vamoose|hightail it|cut out|repair|remove|betake oneself|abstract oneself

origin:
Middle English: from Old French departir, based on Latin dispertire ‘to divide’. The original sense was ‘separate’, also ‘take leave of each other’, hence ‘go away’.


word: DEPARTED
russian_word: отбыли
example: a dear departed relative
definition: dead.
antonyms: living
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈpɑːtɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɑːtɪd
synonyms:
dead|deceased|late|lost|lamented|gone|no more|passed away|passed on|perished|expired|extinct|(as) dead as a doornail|with God|asleep|at peace|demised


word: DEPARTMENT
russian_word: отдел
example: the council's finance department
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɑːtm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɑːtm(ə)nt
definition:
a division of a large organization such as a government, university, or business, dealing with a specific area of activity.

synonyms:
division|section|sector|subsection|subdivision|unit|branch|arm|wing|segment|compartment|office|bureau|agency|ministry

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French departement, from departir (see depart). The original sense was ‘division or distribution’, later ‘separation’, hence ‘a separate part’ (core sense, mid 18th century).


word: DEPARTURE
russian_word: отправление
example: the day of departure
definition: the action of leaving, especially to start a journey.
antonyms: arrival
origin: late Middle English: from Old French departeure, from the verb departir (see depart).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɑːtʃə
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɑːtʃə
synonyms:
leaving|going|going away|going off|leave-taking|withdrawal|exit|egress|quitting|decamping|retreat|retirement|retiral|flight|fleeing|running away|desertion|setting off|setting out|starting out


word: DEPAUPERATE
russian_word: доводить до нищеты
example: oceanic islands are generally depauperate in mayflies
definition: (of a flora, fauna, or ecosystem) lacking in numbers or variety of species.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈpɔːp(ə)rət
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɔːp(ə)rət
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘impoverished’): from medieval Latin depauperatus, past participle of depauperare, from de- ‘completely’ + pauperare ‘make poor’ (from pauper ‘poor’).


word: DEPEND
russian_word: зависеть
definition: be controlled or determined by.|be able to trust; rely on.|hang down.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpɛnd
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɛnd
example:
differences in earnings depended on a wide variety of factors|we can depend on her to deliver a quality product|his tongue depended from open jaws

synonyms:
be contingent on|be conditional on|be dependent on|turn on|pivot on|hinge on|hang on|rest on|be based on|rely on|be subject to|be controlled by|be determined by|be influenced by|be decided by|be resultant from|relate to

origin:
late Middle English(in depend (sense 3); also in the sense ‘wait or be in suspense’): from Old French dependre, from Latin dependere, from de- ‘down’ + pendere ‘hang’.


word: DEPENDABLE
russian_word: надежный
example: a dependable supply of cold beer
definition: trustworthy and reliable.
antonyms: unreliable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈpɛndəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɛndəb(ə)l
synonyms:
reliable|trustworthy|honourable|true|faithful|loyal|constant|unswerving|unwavering|unfailing|sure|steadfast|steady|stable|trusty|sensible|responsible|conscientious|competent|copper-bottomed


word: DEPENDANT
russian_word: зависимый
example: a single man with no dependants
definition: a person who relies on another, especially a family member, for financial support.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)nt
synonyms:
child|minor|ward|charge|protégé|relative|family member|hanger-on|parasite|offspring|progeny|fosterling

origin:
late Middle English (denoting a dependency): from Old French, literally ‘hanging down from’, present participle of dependre (see depend).


word: DEPENDENCE
russian_word: зависимость
example: Japan's dependence on imported oil
definition: the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else.
antonyms: independence
synonyms: helplessness|weakness|defencelessness|vulnerability|subservience|subordination
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)ns
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘hanging down or something that hangs down’): from Old French dependance, from the verb dependre (see depend).


word: DEPENDENCY
russian_word: зависимость
example: the islands became dependencies of Norway and Denmark|the country's dependency on the oil industry
definition: a country or province controlled by another.|dependence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)nsi
synonyms:
colony|protectorate|province|dominion|outpost|satellite|satellite state|holding|possession|tributary|fief|demesne


word: DEPENDENT
russian_word: зависимый
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɛnd(ə)nt
example:
the various benefits will be dependent on length of service|an economy heavily dependent on oil exports|a clause dependent on another clause

definition:
contingent on or determined by.|requiring someone or something for financial or other support.|(of a clause, phrase, or word) subordinate to another clause, phrase, or word.

synonyms:
conditional on|contingent on|based on|depending on|resting on|hanging on|hingeing on|subject to|determined by|controlled by|influenced by|swayed by|resultant from

origin:
late Middle English dependant  ‘hanging down’, from Old French, present participle of dependre (see depend). The spelling change in the 16th century was due to association with the Latin participial stem dependent- .


word: DEPICT
russian_word: изображать
example: paintings depicting Old Testament scenes
definition: represent by a drawing, painting, or other art form.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpɪkt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɪkt
synonyms:
portray|represent|picture|illustrate|delineate|outline|reproduce|render|draw|paint|sketch|draft|limn

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin depict- ‘portrayed’, from the verb depingere, from de- ‘completely’ + pingere ‘to paint’.


word: DEPICTION
russian_word: описание
example: the painting's horrific depiction of war
definition: the action of depicting something, especially in a work of art.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɪkʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɪkʃn
synonyms:
picture|painting|portrait|drawing|sketch|artist's impression|study|illustration|portrayal|representation|image|likeness|presentation|description|delineation|characterization


word: DEPILATE
russian_word: депилировать
example: I depilated my underarms and legs
definition: remove the hair from.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛpɪleɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛpɪleɪt
origin:
mid 16th century (earlier (late Middle English) as depilation ): from Latin depilat- ‘stripped of hair’, from the verb depilare, from de- (expressing removal) + pilare (from pilus ‘hair’).


word: DEPILATORY
russian_word: депилятор
definition: used to remove unwanted hair.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɪlət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɪlət(ə)ri
origin:
early 17th century: from Latin depilatorius, from depilat- ‘stripped of hair’, from the verb depilare (see depilate).


word: DEPLETE
russian_word: истощать
example: reservoirs have been depleted by years of drought
definition: use up the supply or resources of.
antonyms: augment|increase
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpliːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpliːt
synonyms:
exhaust|use up|consume|expend|spend|drain|empty|sap|milk|suck dry|evacuate|reduce|decrease|diminish|lessen|lower|attenuate|slim down|pare down|cut back|bleed|slash

origin:
early 19th century (earlier (mid. 17th century) as depletion ): from Latin deplet- ‘emptied out’, from the verb deplere, from de- (expressing reversal) + plere ‘fill’ (from plenus ‘full’).


word: DEPLETION
russian_word: истощение
example: the depletion of the ozone layer
definition: reduction in the number or quantity of something.
antonyms: augmentation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpliːʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˈpliːʃn
synonyms:
exhaustion|using up|use|consumption|expending|expenditure|draining|emptying|sapping|milking|reduction|decrease|dwindling|diminution|lessening|lowering|attenuation|impoverishment|bleeding


word: DEPLORABLE
russian_word: прискорбный
example: children living in deplorable conditions
definition: deserving strong condemnation; completely unacceptable.
antonyms: admirable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈplɔːrəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈplɔːrəb(ə)l
synonyms:
disgraceful|shameful|dishonourable|disreputable|discreditable|unworthy|shabby|inexcusable|unpardonable|unforgivable|reprehensible|despicable|abominable|base|sordid|vile|hateful|contemptible|loathsome|offensive|execrable|heinous|odious|revolting|unspeakable|beyond contempt|beyond the pale|egregious|flagitious

origin:
early 17th century: from French déplorable or late Latin deplorabilis, from the verb deplorare (see deplore).


word: DEPLORE
russian_word: сожалеть
example: we deplore all violence
definition: feel or express strong disapproval of (something).
antonyms: admire|applaud
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈplɔː
phonetics_text: dɪˈplɔː
synonyms:
abhor|be shocked by|be offended by|be scandalized by|find unacceptable|be against|frown on|disapprove of|take a dim view of|look askance at|take exception to|detest|despise|execrate|condemn|denounce|decry|deprecate|censure|damn|regret|express regret about|lament|mourn|rue|bemoan|bewail|complain about|grieve over|express sorrow about|sorrow over|sigh over|cry over|weep over|shed tears over|beat one's breast about|wring one's hands over|plain over

origin:
mid 16th century (in the sense ‘weep for, regret deeply’): from French déplorer or Italian deplorare, from Latin deplorare, from de- ‘away, thoroughly’ + plorare ‘bewail’.


word: DEPLOY
russian_word: развертывание
example: forces were deployed at strategic locations|small states can often deploy resources more freely
definition: move (troops or equipment) into position for military action.|bring into effective action.
antonyms: concentrate
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈplɔɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈplɔɪ
synonyms:
position|station|post|place|install|locate|situate|site|establish|base|garrison|distribute|arrange|range|dispose|redistribute|spread out|extend|put into position|plant|park|posit

origin:
late 18th century: from French déployer, from Latin displicare and late Latin deplicare ‘unfold or explain’, from dis-, de- ‘un-’ + plicare ‘to fold’. Compare with display.


word: DEPLUME
russian_word: лишать
example: a depluming scabies mite that commonly affects parrots
definition: remove feathers from (a bird).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpluːm
phonetics_text: dɪˈpluːm
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desplumer or medieval Latin deplumare, from des-, de- (expressing reversal) + Latin pluma ‘feather’.


word: DEPONE
russian_word: давать показания под присягой
example: Adams paraded several relations to depone that Charlie had been crazy from birth
definition: give evidence as a witness in a law court.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpəʊn
phonetics_text: dɪˈpəʊn
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin deponere ‘put down, (in medieval sense) testify’, from de- ‘down’ + ponere ‘to place’.


word: DEPORT
russian_word: депортировать
example: he was deported for violation of immigration laws|he has deported himself with great dignity
antonyms: admit
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpɔːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɔːt
definition:
expel (a foreigner) from a country, typically on the grounds of illegal status or for having committed a crime.|conduct oneself in a specified manner.

synonyms:
expel|banish|exile|transport|expatriate|extradite|repatriate|evict|oust|cast out|throw out|turn out|drive out|drum out|kick out|boot out|chuck out|give someone the boot|send packing|throw someone out on their ear|turf out|give someone the bum's rush|out|ostracize

origin:
late 16th century (in deport (sense 2)): from French déporter, from Latin deportare, from de- ‘away’ + portare ‘carry’.


word: DEPORTATION
russian_word: депортация
example: asylum seekers facing deportation
definition: the action of deporting a foreigner from a country.
antonyms: admission
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːpɔːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: diːpɔːˈteɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
expulsion|expelling|banishment|banishing|exile|exiling|transportation|transporting|extradition|extraditing|expatriation|expatriating|repatriation|repatriating|refoulement|eviction|evicting|ejection|ejecting|ousting|throwing out|casting out|turning out|driving out|drumming out|kicking out|booting out|turfing out|outing|ostracism


word: DEPORTMENT
russian_word: осанка
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɔːtm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɔːtm(ə)nt
example:
poise is directly concerned with good deportment|there are team rules governing deportment on and off the field

definition:
the way a person stands and walks, particularly as an element of etiquette.|a person's behaviour or manners.

synonyms:
gait|posture|carriage|comportment|bearing|stance|way of standing|way of holding oneself|way of carrying oneself|way of bearing oneself|attitude|demeanour|mien|air|appearance|aspect|style|manner

origin:
early 17th century (denoting behaviour in general): from French déportement, from the verb déporter (see deport).


word: DEPOSE
russian_word: низложить
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpəʊz
phonetics_text: dɪˈpəʊz
example:
he had been deposed by a military coup|every affidavit shall state which of the facts deposed to are within the deponent's knowledge

definition:
remove from office suddenly and forcefully.|testify to or give (evidence) under oath, typically in a written statement.

synonyms:
overthrow|overturn|topple|bring down|remove from office|remove|unseat|dethrone|supplant|displace|dismiss|discharge|oust|drum out|throw out|force out|drive out|expel|eject|strip of rank|demote|cashier|sack|fire|axe|chuck out|boot out|defenestrate|get rid of|give someone the push|give someone the boot|show someone the door|turf out

origin:
Middle English: from Old French deposer, from Latin deponere (see deponent), but influenced by Latin depositus and Old French poser ‘to place’.


word: DEPOSIT
russian_word: депозит
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈpɒzɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɒzɪt
example:
cash funds which are an alternative to bank or building society deposits|we've saved enough for a deposit on a house|the deposits of salt on the paintwork|the deposit of a thesis in a library gives no guarantee of copyright protection

definition:
a sum of money paid into a bank or building society account.|a sum payable as a first instalment on the purchase of something or as a pledge for a contract, the balance being payable later.|a layer or mass of accumulated matter.|the action of placing something in a specified place.

synonyms:
down payment|part payment|advance payment|prepayment|instalment|security|retainer|pledge|stake|front money|money up front

origin:
late 16th century (especially in the phrases in deposit or on deposit ): from Latin depositum (noun), medieval Latin depositare (verb), both from Latin deposit- ‘laid aside’, from the verb deponere .


word: DEPOSIT ACCOUNT
russian_word: депозит
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a bank account that pays interest and is usually not able to be drawn on without notice or loss of interest.


word: DEPOSITION
russian_word: отложение
origin: late Middle English: from Latin depositio(n- ), from the verb deponere (see deposit).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛpəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɛpəˈzɪʃ(ə)n|diːpəˈzɪʃ(ə)n
example:
Edward V's deposition|the deposition of four expert witnesses|pebbles formed by the deposition of calcium in solution

definition:
the action of deposing someone, especially a monarch.|the giving of sworn evidence.|the action of depositing something.|the removal of the body of Christ from the Cross.

synonyms:
overthrow|overturning|toppling|downfall|removal from office|removal|unseating|dethronement|supplanting|displacement|dismissal|discharge|ousting|drumming out|throwing out|forcing out|driving out|expulsion|expelling|ejection|ejecting|demotion|ouster|sacking|firing|defenestration|turfing out|deposal


word: DEPOSITORY
russian_word: депозитарий
example: Irish libraries became depositories for material from all over the world
definition: a place where things are stored.|variant spelling of depositary.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpɒzɪt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈpɒzɪt(ə)ri
synonyms:
repository|cache|store|storage place|storeroom|storehouse|warehouse|depot|vault|strongroom|safe|safe deposit|safety deposit|bank|treasure house|treasury|container|receptacle|godown|lock-up|garner

origin:
mid 17th century (denoting a depositary): from late Latin depositorium, from deposit- ‘laid aside’, from the verb deponere (see deposit).


word: DEPOT
russian_word: депо
example: an arms depot|only conscripts who lived near a training depot had permission to commute to it
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛpəʊ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛpəʊ
definition:
a place for the storage of large quantities of equipment, food, or goods.|a place where buses, trains, or other vehicles are housed and maintained and from which they are dispatched for service.|a place where recruits are trained or other troops are assembled.

synonyms:
storehouse|warehouse|store|storage place|storing place|repository|depository|cache|arsenal|magazine|armoury|ammunition dump|ordnance depot|garner

origin:
late 18th century (in the sense ‘act of depositing’): from French dépôt, from Latin depositum ‘something deposited’ (see deposit).


word: DEPRAVE
russian_word: развращать
example: this book would deprave and corrupt young children
definition: make (someone) immoral or wicked.
antonyms: purify
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpreɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈpreɪv
synonyms:
corrupt|lead astray|warp|subvert|pervert|debauch|debase|degrade|make degenerate|defile|sully|pollute|poison|contaminate|infect|demoralize|vitiate

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘pervert the meaning or intention of something’): from Old French depraver or Latin depravare, from de- ‘down, thoroughly’ + pravus ‘crooked, perverse’.


word: DEPRAVED
russian_word: развращенный
example: he was a depraved lecher
definition: morally corrupt; wicked.
antonyms: virtuous|moral
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈpreɪvd
phonetics_text: dɪˈpreɪvd
synonyms:
corrupt|corrupted|perverted|deviant|degenerate|debased|degraded|immoral|unprincipled|reprobate|debauched|dissolute|profligate|lewd|licentious|lascivious|lecherous|lustful|prurient|obscene|indecent|libertine|sordid|wicked|sinful|vile|base|iniquitous|nefarious|criminal|vicious|brutal|warped|twisted|pervy|sick|sicko


word: DEPRAVITY
russian_word: развращенность
example: a tale of depravity hard to credit
definition: moral corruption; wickedness.
antonyms: morality
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpravɪti
phonetics_text: dɪˈpravɪti
synonyms:
corruption|corruptness|vice|perversion|pervertedness|deviance|degeneracy|degradation|immorality|shamelessness|debauchery|dissipation|dissoluteness|turpitude|loucheness|profligacy|licentiousness|lewdness|lasciviousness|salaciousness|lechery|lecherousness|prurience|obscenity|indecency|libertinism|sordidness|wickedness|sinfulness|vileness|baseness|iniquity|nefariousness|criminality|viciousness|brutality|brutishness|perviness|vitiation

origin:
mid 17th century: alteration (influenced by deprave) of obsolete pravity, from Latin pravitas, from pravus ‘crooked, perverse’.


word: DEPRECATE
russian_word: выступать против
example: what I deprecate is persistent indulgence|he deprecates the value of children's television
definition: express disapproval of.|another term for depreciate (sense 2).
antonyms: praise
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛprɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛprɪkeɪt
synonyms:
disapprove of|deplore|abhor|find unacceptable|be against|frown on|take a dim view of|look askance at|take exception to|detest|despise|execrate|criticize|censure|condemn|denounce|protest against|inveigh against|rail against|knock|slam|hammer|cane|blast|bad-mouth|pull to pieces|pull apart|hit out at|slate|slag off|rubbish|slash|vituperate against|reprobate|animadvert on|asperse|derogate

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘pray against’): from Latin deprecat- ‘prayed against (as being evil)’, from the verb deprecari, from de- (expressing reversal) + precari ‘pray’.


word: DEPRECATORY
russian_word: примирительный
definition: expressing disapproval; disapproving.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɛprəˈkeɪtəri
phonetics_text: dɛprəˈkeɪtəri
synonyms:
disapproving|censorious|censuring|critical|scathing|damning|damnatory|condemnatory|condemning|denunciatory|castigatory|reproachful|reproving|upbraiding|admonishing|knocking|slating|reprobative|reprobatory|disparaging|belittling|denigratory|derogatory|discrediting|diminishing|detracting|deflating|negative|unflattering|slighting|disdainful|derisive|snide|sneering|mocking|jibing


word: DEPRECIATE
russian_word: обесцениваться
definition: diminish in value over a period of time.|disparage or belittle (something).
antonyms: appreciate
synonyms: decrease in value|lose value|decline in price|drop in price|fall in price|cheapen|devalue
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈpriːʃɪeɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈpriːʃɪeɪt|dɪˈpriːsɪeɪt
example:
the latest cars will depreciate heavily in the first year|she was already depreciating her own aesthetic taste

origin:
late Middle English (in depreciate (sense 2)): from late Latin depreciat- ‘lowered in price, undervalued’, from the verb depreciare, from Latin de- ‘down’ + pretium ‘price’.


word: DEPRECIATION
russian_word: амортизация
example: provision should be made for depreciation of fixed assets
definition: a reduction in the value of an asset over time, due in particular to wear and tear.
antonyms: rise
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌpriːʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌpriːʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
devaluation|devaluing|decrease in value|lowering in value|reduction in value|cheapening|markdown|reduction|decline|downturn|downswing|drop|slump|plunge|tumble|downtick|nosedive|crash


word: DEPREDATION
russian_word: грабеж
example: protecting grain from the depredations of rats and mice
definition: an act of attacking or plundering.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛprɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɛprɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
plundering|plunder|looting|pillaging|robbing|robbery|raiding|ravaging|sacking|sack|ransacking|devastation|laying waste|wreckage|destruction|damage|ravages|raids|acts of destruction|despoiling|despoliation|rape|rapine|ravin|spoliation|reaving

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘plundering, robbery’, (plural) ‘ravages’): from French déprédation, from late Latin depraedatio(n- ), from depraedari ‘plunder’.


word: DEPRESS
russian_word: подавлять
antonyms: cheer up
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈprɛs
phonetics_text: dɪˈprɛs
example:
that first day at school depressed me|fear of inflation in America depressed bond markets|depress the lever

definition:
make (someone) feel utterly dispirited or dejected.|reduce the level or strength of activity in (something, especially an economic or biological system).|push or pull (something) down into a lower position.

synonyms:
make sad|sadden|make unhappy|cast down|get down|make gloomy|make despondent|dispirit|dampen someone's spirits|break someone's spirit|dash someone's hopes|dishearten|demoralize|discourage|daunt|crush|shake|desolate|make desolate|weigh down|weigh heavily on|hang over|oppress|upset|distress|grieve|haunt|harrow|cause suffering to|break someone's heart|make someone's heart bleed|bring tears to someone's eyes|give someone the blues|make someone fed up|knock the stuffing out of|knock for six|knock sideways|deject

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French depresser, from late Latin depressare, frequentative of deprimere ‘press down’.


word: DEPRESSED
russian_word: подавленный
example: she felt lonely and depressed|depressed inner-city areas|a depressed fracture of the skull
antonyms: cheerful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈprɛst
phonetics_text: dɪˈprɛst
definition:
(of a person) in a state of unhappiness or despondency.|(of a place or economic activity) suffering the damaging effects of a lack of demand or employment.|(of an object or part of an object) in a lower position, having been pushed down.

synonyms:
sad|saddened|unhappy|gloomy|glum|melancholy|miserable|sorrowful|dejected|disconsolate|downhearted|downcast|cast down|down|crestfallen|woebegone|despondent|dispirited|low|low in spirits|low-spirited|heavy-hearted|morose|dismal|desolate|weighed down|oppressed|tearful|upset|broken-hearted|disheartened|discouraged|daunted|pessimistic|blue|down in the dumps|down in the mouth|fed up|moody|dolorous|heartsick|heartsore|chap-fallen


word: DEPRESSING
russian_word: унылый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈprɛsɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈprɛsɪŋ
example:
that thought is too depressing for words|the mortgage rate increase will have a depressing effect on the housing market

definition:
causing or resulting in a feeling of miserable dejection.|causing a damaging reduction in economic activity.

synonyms:
upsetting|distressing|painful|heartbreaking|heart-rending|dispiriting|disheartening|discouraging|demoralizing|dismal|bleak|black|sombre|gloomy|grave|unhappy|melancholy|sad|saddening|wretched|doleful|daunting|disenchanting|unfavourable|morbid|blue|dejecting|distressful|lachrymose|dreary|grim|drab|dark|dingy|funereal|miserable|cheerless|joyless|comfortless|uninviting|drear


word: DEPRESSION
russian_word: депрессия
antonyms: cheerfulness
origin: late Middle English: from Latin depressio(n- ), from deprimere ‘press down’ (see depress).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈprɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈprɛʃ(ə)n
example:
self-doubt creeps in and that swiftly turns to depression|the depression in the housing market|depression of the plunger delivers two units of insulin|hurricanes start off as loose regions of bad weather known as tropical depressions

definition:
feelings of severe despondency and dejection.|a long and severe recession in an economy or market.|the action of lowering something or pressing something down.|a region of lower atmospheric pressure, especially a cyclonic weather system.|the angular distance of an object below the horizon or a horizontal plane.

synonyms:
melancholy|misery|sadness|unhappiness|sorrow|woe|gloom|gloominess|dejection|downheartedness|despondency|dispiritedness|low spirits|heavy-heartedness|moroseness|discouragement|despair|desolation|dolefulness|moodiness|pessimism|hopelessness|the slough of despond|upset|tearfulness|the dumps|the doldrums|the blues|one's black dog|a low|the blahs|a funk|a blue funk|the mopes|clinical depression|endogenous depression|reactive depression|postnatal depression|dysthymia|melancholia|dolour|the megrims|mopery|disconsolateness|disconsolation


word: DEPRESSOR
russian_word: депрессор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈprɛsə
phonetics_text: dɪˈprɛsə
definition:
a muscle whose contraction pulls down a part of the body.|a nerve whose stimulation results in a lowering of blood pressure.|an instrument for pressing something down.


word: DEPRIVATION
russian_word: лишение
example: low wages mean that 3.75 million people suffer serious deprivation
definition: the damaging lack of material benefits considered to be basic necessities in a society.
antonyms: wealth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛprɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛprɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
poverty|impoverishment|penury|privation|hardship|destitution|need|neediness|want|distress|financial distress|indigence|pauperdom|beggary|ruin|reduced circumstances|straitened circumstances|hand-to-mouth existence|pauperism|pauperization|impecuniousness|impecuniosity

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘removal from office’): from medieval Latin deprivatio(n- ), from the verb deprivare (see deprive).


word: DEPRIVE
russian_word: лишать
example: the city was deprived of its water supplies
definition: prevent (a person or place) from having or using something.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈprʌɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈprʌɪv
synonyms:
dispossess|strip|divest|relieve|bereave|rob of|cheat out of|trick out of|do out of|deny|prevent from having|prevent from using|diddle out of

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘depose from office’): from Old French depriver, from medieval Latin deprivare, from de- ‘away, completely’ + privare (see private).


word: DEPRIVED
russian_word: лишены
example: the charity cares for destitute and deprived children
definition: suffering a severe and damaging lack of basic material and cultural benefits.
antonyms: fortunate|wealthy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈprʌɪvd
phonetics_text: dɪˈprʌɪvd
synonyms:
disadvantaged|underprivileged|poverty-stricken|impoverished|poor|destitute|needy|in need|in want|badly off|unable to make ends meet|in reduced circumstances|depressed|distressed|forlorn|on the bread line|penurious|impecunious|necessitous


word: DEPROGRAMME
russian_word: депрограммировать
example: some parents managed to induce back their children and deprogramme them from the cult
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈprəʊɡram
phonetics_text: diːˈprəʊɡram
definition:
release (someone) from apparent brainwashing, typically that of a religious cult, by the systematic reindoctrination of conventional values.


word: DEPTH
russian_word: глубина
antonyms: shallowness
origin: late Middle English: from deep + -th2, on the pattern of pairs such as long, length .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛpθ
phonetics_text: dɛpθ
example:
water of no more than 12 feet in depth|he was surprised by the depth of Eloise's vindictiveness|he lifted the manhole cover and peered into the depths beneath

definition:
the distance from the top or surface to the bottom of something.|the quality of being intense or extreme.|a point far below the surface.

synonyms:
deepness|distance downwards|distance inwards|distance from the outside|drop|vertical drop|vertical extent|profundity


word: DEPTH CHARGE
russian_word: глубинная бомба
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
an explosive charge designed to be dropped from a ship or aircraft and to explode under water at a preset depth, used for attacking submarines.


word: DEPUTATION
russian_word: депутация
example: he had been a member of a deputation to Napoleon III
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛpjʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛpjʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
a group of people appointed to undertake a mission or take part in a formal process on behalf of a larger group.

synonyms:
delegation|delegacy|legation|commission|committee|(diplomatic) mission|contingent|group|party|body|band|set|delegates|representatives|envoys|emissaries|legates|embassy|embassage

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘appointment to an office or function’): from late Latin deputatio(n- ), from the verb deputare (see depute).


word: DEPUTE
russian_word: передавать полномочия
example: she was deputed to look after him while Clare was away
definition: appoint or instruct (someone) to perform a task for which one is responsible.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
appoint|designate|nominate|assign|commission|charge|choose|select|elect|co-opt|empower|authorize|mandate|detail

phonetic:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin deputare ‘consider to be, assign’, from de- ‘away’ + putare ‘consider’.


word: DEPUTIZE
russian_word: замещать
example: the post-holder is required to deputize for the manager in their absence
definition: temporarily act or speak on behalf of someone else.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛpjʊtʌɪz
phonetics_text: ˈdɛpjʊtʌɪz
synonyms:
stand in for|sit in for|fill in for|cover for|substitute for|replace|take the place of|understudy|be a locum for|relieve|take over from|hold the fort|step into the breach|act for|act on behalf of|speak on behalf of|represent|sub for|pinch-hit for


word: DEPUTY
russian_word: заместитель
example: his deputy has been largely running the business for the past year
definition: a person who is appointed to undertake the duties of a superior in the superior's absence.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛpjʊti
phonetics_text: ˈdɛpjʊti
synonyms:
second in command|second|number two|subordinate|junior|auxiliary|adjutant|lieutenant|subaltern|assistant|personal assistant|PA|aide|helper|right-hand man|henchman|underling|substitute|stand-in|fill-in|relief|understudy|supply|representative|surrogate|proxy|delegate|agent|spokesperson|ambassador|legate|depute|locum tenens|vice|man/girl Friday|sidekick|locum|temp|acting|reserve|caretaker|temporary|short-term|provisional|stopgap|pro tempore|ad interim|second-string|pinch-hitting|expediential

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French depute, from late Latin deputatus, past participle of deputare (see depute).


word: DERAILLEUR
russian_word: переключатель
origin: 1930s: from French, from dérailler ‘derail’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈreɪl(j)ə
phonetics_text: dɪˈreɪl(j)ə
definition:
a bicycle gear which works by lifting the chain from one sprocket wheel to another of a different size.


word: DERATE
russian_word: уменьшать размеры местных налогов
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈreɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈreɪt
example:
I shall shortly announce the level of industrial derating for next year|the engines were derated to 90 horse power

definition:
(under the former rates system) remove part or all of the burden of rates from (a property or business).|reduce the power rating of (a component or device).


word: DERBY
russian_word: котелок
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɑːbi
phonetics_text: ˈdɑːbi
definition:
an annual flat race for three-year-old horses, founded in 1780 by the 12th Earl of Derby and run on Epsom Downs in England in late May or early June.|a bowler hat.|a boot or shoe having the eyelet tabs stitched on top of the vamp.


word: DERELICT
russian_word: покинутый
example: a derelict Georgian mansion|he was derelict in his duty to his country
antonyms: in good repair|in use
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdɛrəlɪkt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛrəlɪkt
definition:
in a very poor condition as a result of disuse and neglect.|shamefully negligent of one's duties or obligations.

synonyms:
dilapidated|ramshackle|run down|broken-down|worn out|tumbledown|in (a state of) disrepair|in ruins|ruined|falling to pieces|falling apart|rickety|creaky|creaking|decrepit|deteriorating|crumbling|deteriorated|neglected|untended|unmaintained|gone to rack and ruin|gone to seed|on its last legs|the worse for wear|disused|abandoned|deserted|discarded|rejected|forsaken|cast off|relinquished|ownerless

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin derelictus ‘abandoned’, past participle of derelinquere, from de- ‘completely’ + relinquere ‘forsake’.


word: DERELICTION
russian_word: нарушение
antonyms: fulfilment
origin: late 16th century: from Latin derelictio(n- ), from the verb derelinquere (see derelict).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛrəˈlɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛrəˈlɪkʃ(ə)n
example:
a 15th-century farmhouse has been saved from dereliction|the prosecution team were guilty of dereliction of duty for failing to disclose evidence

definition:
the state of having been abandoned and become dilapidated.|the shameful failure to fulfil one's obligations.

synonyms:
dilapidation|disrepair|decrepitude|deterioration|ruin|rack and ruin|abandonment|neglect|disuse|desertion|rejection|forsaking


word: DEREQUISITION
russian_word: отмена реквизиции
definition: return (requisitioned property) to its former owner.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌdiːrɛkwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːrɛkwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n
example:
the corporation agreed to seek permission from the Minister to derequisition the plaintiff's premises


word: DERIDE
russian_word: высмеивать
example: the decision was derided by environmentalists
definition: express contempt for; ridicule.
antonyms: respect|praise
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin deridere ‘scoff at’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈrʌɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈrʌɪd
synonyms:
ridicule|mock|jeer at|scoff at|jibe at|make fun of|poke fun at|laugh at|hold up to ridicule|pillory|disdain|disparage|denigrate|pooh-pooh|dismiss|slight|detract from|sneer at|scorn|pour/heap scorn on|taunt|insult|torment|treat with contempt|vilify|lampoon|satirize|knock|take the mickey out of|poke mullock at|contemn|flout at|take the piss out of


word: DERISION
russian_word: высмеивание
example: my stories were greeted with derision and disbelief
definition: contemptuous ridicule or mockery.
antonyms: respect|praise
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from late Latin derisio(n- ), from deridere ‘scoff at’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈrɪʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɪʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
mockery|ridicule|jeering|jeers|sneers|scoffing|jibing|taunts|disdain|disparagement|denigration|disrespect|pooh-poohing|sneering|scorn|scornfulness|taunting|insults|contempt|vilification|obloquy|lampooning|satire|ragging|teasing|chaffing|raillery|contumely


word: DERISIVE
russian_word: насмешливый
example: he gave a harsh, derisive laugh
definition: expressing contempt or ridicule.
antonyms: respectful|praising
origin: mid 17th century: from derision, on the pattern of the pair decision, decisive .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈrʌɪsɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈrʌɪsɪv|dɪˈrʌɪzɪv
synonyms:
mocking|ridiculing|jeering|scoffing|jibing|pillorying|teasing|derisory|snide|disdainful|disparaging|denigratory|dismissive|slighting|detracting|contemptuous|sneering|scornful|taunting|insulting|caustic|scathing|sarcastic|satirical|lampooning|snidey|sarky|contumelious


word: DERISORY
russian_word: смехотворный
example: they were given a derisory pay rise|his derisory gaze swept over her
definition: ridiculously small or inadequate.|another term for derisive.
antonyms: respectful|praising
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈrʌɪs(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈrʌɪs(ə)ri|dɪˈrʌɪz(ə)ri
synonyms:
inadequate|insufficient|tiny|small|minimal|trifling|paltry|pitiful|miserly|miserable|negligible|token|nominal|ridiculous|laughable|ludicrous|risible|preposterous|absurd|insulting|contemptible|outrageous|measly|stingy|lousy|pathetic|piddling|piffling|mingy|poxy|nickel-and-dime

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘derisive’): from late Latin derisorius, from deris- ‘scoffed at’, from the verb deridere (see derision).


word: DERIVATION
russian_word: вывод
example: the derivation of scientific laws from observation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛrɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛrɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of obtaining something from a source or origin.|the set of stages that link a sentence in a natural language to its underlying logical form.|the process of deducing a new formula, theorem, etc., from previously accepted statements.

synonyms:
deriving|induction|deduction|deducing|inferring|inference|gathering|gleaning|drawing out|extraction|eliciting|eduction

origin:
late Middle English (denoting the drawing of a fluid, especially pus or blood; also in the sense ‘formation of a word from another word’): from Latin derivatio(n- ), from the verb derivare (see derive).


word: DERIVATIVE
russian_word: производная
example: an artist who is not in the slightest bit derivative|equity-based derivative products
antonyms: original
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈrɪvətɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɪvətɪv
definition:
imitative of the work of another artist, writer, etc., and usually disapproved of for that reason.|(of a product) having a value deriving from an underlying variable asset.

synonyms:
imitative|unoriginal|uninventive|non-innovative|unimaginative|uninspired|copied|plagiarized|plagiaristic|second-hand|secondary|echoic|trite|hackneyed|clichéd|stale|tired|worn out|flat|rehashed|warmed-up|stock|banal|copycat|cribbed|old hat|hacky

origin:
late Middle English (in the adjective sense ‘having the power to draw off’, and in the noun sense ‘a word derived from another’): from French dérivatif, -ive, from Latin derivativus, from derivare (see derive).


word: DERIVE
russian_word: получать
example: they derived great comfort from this assurance
definition: obtain something from (a specified source).
synonyms: obtain|get|take|gain|acquire|procure|extract|attain|glean
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈrʌɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈrʌɪv
origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘draw a fluid through or into a channel’): from Old French deriver or Latin derivare, from de- ‘down, away’ + rivus ‘brook, stream’.


word: DERMATOGLYPHICS
russian_word: дерматоглифика
origin: 1920s: from dermato- ‘skin’ + Greek gluphikos ‘carved’ (from gluphē ‘carving’).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdəːmətə(ʊ)ˈɡlɪfɪks
phonetics_text: ˌdəːmətə(ʊ)ˈɡlɪfɪks
definition:
the study of skin markings or patterns on fingers, hands, and feet, and its application, especially in criminology.


word: DERMATOME
russian_word: дерматом
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəːmətəʊm
phonetics_text: ˈdəːmətəʊm
definition:
the lateral wall of each somite in a vertebrate embryo, giving rise to the connective tissue of the skin.


word: DERMATOMYOSITIS
russian_word: дерматомиозит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdəːmətə(ʊ)mʌɪə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪtɪs
phonetics_text: ˌdəːmətə(ʊ)mʌɪə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪtɪs
definition:
inflammation of the skin and underlying muscle tissue, involving degeneration of collagen, discoloration, and swelling, typically occurring as an autoimmune condition or associated with internal cancer.


word: DERMATOPHYTE
russian_word: дерматофиты
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəːmətə(ʊ)fʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdəːmətə(ʊ)fʌɪt
definition:
a pathogenic fungus that grows on skin, mucous membranes, hair, nails, feathers, and other body surfaces, causing ringworm and related diseases.


word: DEROGATE
russian_word: умалять
antonyms: improve|increase
synonyms: detract from|devalue|diminish|reduce|lessen|lower|depreciate|take away from|demean|cheapen|defame
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛrəɡeɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛrəɡeɪt
example:
this does not derogate from his duty to act honestly and faithfully|one country has derogated from the Rome Convention|it is typical of him to derogate the powers of reason

definition:
detract from.|deviate from (a set of rules or agreed form of behaviour).|disparage (someone or something).

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin derogat- ‘abrogated’, from the verb derogare, from de- ‘aside, away’ + rogare ‘ask’.


word: DEROGATORY
russian_word: уничижительный
example: she tells me I'm fat and is always making derogatory remarks
definition: showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
antonyms: complimentary|flattering
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈrɒɡət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɒɡət(ə)ri
synonyms:
disparaging|denigratory|belittling|diminishing|slighting|deprecatory|depreciatory|depreciative|detracting|deflating|disrespectful|demeaning|discrediting|dishonouring|critical|pejorative|negative|unfavourable|disapproving|uncomplimentary|unflattering|insulting|offensive|personal|abusive|vituperative|rude|spiteful|nasty|mean|hurtful|damaging|injurious|defamatory|slanderous|libellous|scurrilous|calumnious|calumniatory|vilifying|traducing|mud-slinging|bitchy|catty|contumelious

origin:
early 16th century (in the sense ‘impairing in force or effect’): from late Latin derogatorius, from derogat- ‘abrogated’, from the verb derogare (see derogate).


word: DERVISH
russian_word: дервиш
origin: from Turkish derviş, from Persian darvīš ‘poor’, (as a noun) ‘religious mendicant’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəːvɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈdəːvɪʃ
definition:
a member of a Muslim (specifically Sufi) religious order who has taken vows of poverty and austerity. Dervishes first appeared in the 12th century; they were noted for their wild or ecstatic rituals and were known as dancing, whirling, or howling dervishes according to the practice of their order.


word: DESCEND
russian_word: спускаться
antonyms: ascend|climb
synonyms: go down|come down|drop|fall|sink|subside|dive|plummet|plunge|nosedive|pitch|tumble|slump
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsɛnd
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛnd
example:
the aircraft began to descend|a side road descended into the forest|the militia descended on Rye|John Dalrymple was descended from an ancient Ayrshire family

definition:
move or fall downwards.|(of a road, path, or flight of steps) slope or lead downwards.|make a sudden attack on.|be a blood relative of (a specified ancestor).

origin:
Middle English: from Old French descendre, from Latin descendere, from de- ‘down’ + scandere ‘to climb’.


word: DESCENDANT
russian_word: потомок
example: she's a descendant of Charles Darwin
definition: a person, plant, or animal that is descended from a particular ancestor.
antonyms: ancestor
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛnd(ə)nt
synonyms:
successor|scion|offshoot|heir|offspring|progeny|issue|family|lineage|line|posterity|seed|fruit|fruit of someone's loins

origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective in the sense ‘descending’): from French, present participle of descendre ‘to descend’ (see descend). The noun dates from the early 17th century.


word: DESCENSION
russian_word: понижение
example: a smooth descension back down
definition: an act of moving downwards, dropping, or falling.|a flock of woodpeckers.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəˈsɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dəˈsɛnʃ(ə)n
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin descensio(n-), from the verb descendere (see descend). descension (sense 2) was first found in a medieval glossary of collective terms.


word: DESCENT
russian_word: спуск
antonyms: ascent|climb
synonyms: going down|coming down|drop|fall|sinking|subsiding|dive|pitch|slump|downward climb|descending
origin: Middle English: from Old French descente, from descendre ‘to descend’ (see descend).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsɛnt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsɛnt
example:
the plane had gone into a steep descent|the settlers were of Cornish descent|a descent on the Channel ports

definition:
an act of moving downwards, dropping, or falling.|the origin or background of a person in terms of family or nationality.|a sudden violent attack.


word: DESCRIBE
russian_word: описывать
definition: give a detailed account in words of.|mark out or draw (a geometrical figure).
origin: late Middle English: from Latin describere, from de- ‘down’ + scribere ‘write’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈskrʌɪb
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrʌɪb
example:
he described his experiences in a letter to his parents|on the diameter of a circle an equilateral triangle is described

synonyms:
report|narrate|recount|relate|tell of|set out|chronicle|express|put into words|give a description/account of|give details of|detail|represent|evoke|conjure up|catalogue|give a rundown of|paint a word picture of|paint in words|explain|expound|elucidate|illustrate|discuss|comment on|designate|pronounce|call|label|style|dub|characterize|classify|class|categorize|portray|depict|brand|hail|paint


word: DESCRIPTION
russian_word: описание
definition: a spoken or written account of a person, object, or event.|a type or class of people or things.
origin: late Middle English: via Old French from Latin descriptio(n- ), from describere ‘write down’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪpʃ(ə)n
example:
people who had seen him were able to give a description|it is laughably easy to buy drugs of all descriptions

synonyms:
account|explanation|elucidation|illustration|representation|interpretation|chronicle|report|narration|narrative|story|recounting|rendition|relation|commentary|version|portrayal|portrait|word picture|evocation|details


word: DESCRIPTIVE
russian_word: описательный
example: the text contains some good descriptive passages
definition: serving or seeking to describe.|describing or classifying in an objective and non-judgemental way.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪptɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪptɪv
synonyms:
illustrative|expressive|pictorial|depictive|graphic|picturesque|vivid|striking|explanatory|elucidatory|explicative|exegetic|expository|detailed|lively|circumstantial

origin:
mid 18th century: from late Latin descriptivus, from descript- ‘written down’, from the verb describere (see describe).


word: DESCRIPTIVISM
russian_word: дескриптивизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskrɪptɪvɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrɪptɪvɪz(ə)m
definition:
the doctrine that the meanings of ethical or aesthetic terms and statements are purely descriptive rather than prescriptive, evaluative, or emotive.


word: DESCRY
russian_word: замечать
example: she descried two figures
definition: catch sight of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈskrʌɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈskrʌɪ
synonyms:
spot|notice|catch sight of|see|make out|glimpse|sight|discern|perceive|observe|detect|distinguish|pick out|spy out|recognize|identify|mark|remark|clock|espy|behold

origin:
Middle English: Old French descrier ‘publish, proclaim’, perhaps confused with obsolete descry ‘describe’.


word: DESECRATE
russian_word: осквернять
example: more than 300 graves were desecrated
definition: treat (a sacred place or thing) with violent disrespect.
antonyms: venerate|sanctify
origin: late 17th century: from de- (expressing reversal) + a shortened form of consecrate.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛsɪkreɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛsɪkreɪt
synonyms:
violate|profane|treat sacrilegiously|treat with disrespect|pollute|contaminate|infect|befoul|defile|debase|degrade|dishonour|blaspheme against|vandalize|damage|destroy|deface


word: DESECRATION
russian_word: осквернение
example: the desecration of a grave
definition: the action of desecrating something.
antonyms: veneration|sanctification
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛsɪˈkreɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdɛsɪˈkreɪʃn
synonyms:
violation|profanation|sacrilege|pollution|contamination|infection|befouling|defilement|debasement|degradation|degrading|dishonour|dishonouring|blasphemy|vandalism|damaging|destruction|defacement


word: DESERT
russian_word: пустыня
example: we feel our public representatives have deserted us
definition: abandon (a person, cause, or organization) in a way considered disloyal or treacherous.
antonyms: stand by
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈzəːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈzəːt
synonyms:
abandon|leave|give up|cast off|turn one's back on|throw over|betray|jilt|break (up) with|neglect|shun|leave high and dry|leave in the lurch|leave behind|strand|leave stranded|maroon|relinquish|renounce|walk/run out on|rat on|drop|dump|ditch|give someone the push|give someone the big E|bin off|forsake|renege on|repudiate|forswear|wash one's hands of|have no more truck with|have done with|abjure|disavow|apostatize|recant|disprofess|abandoned|forsaken|cast off/aside|thrown over|betrayed|jilted|shunned|neglected|stranded|marooned|relinquished|renounced|forlorn|bereft|dumped|ditched|dropped

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French deserter, from late Latin desertare, from Latin desertus ‘left waste’ (see desert2).


word: DESERTION
russian_word: дезертирство
example: I resented what I saw as my parents' desertion
definition: the action of deserting a person, cause, or organization.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈzəːʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˈzəːʃn
synonyms:
abandonment|leaving|forsaking|betrayal|neglect|shunning|stranding|jilting|relinquishment|renunciation|defection|reneging|repudiation|forswearing|abjuration|apostasy|absconding|running away|decamping|flight|fleeing|flying|bolting|turning tail|truancy|going absent without leave|taking French leave|departure|escape|dereliction|treason|cowardice|going AWOL


word: DESERVE
russian_word: заслуживать
example: the referee deserves a pat on the back
antonyms: be unworthy of|undeserved
origin: Middle English: from Old French deservir, from Latin deservire ‘serve well or zealously’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈzəːv
phonetics_text: dɪˈzəːv
definition:
do something or have or show qualities worthy of (a reaction which rewards or punishes as appropriate).

synonyms:
merit|earn|warrant|rate|justify|be worthy of|be entitled to|have a right to|have a claim on|be qualified for|be good enough for|well earned|well deserved|earned|merited|warranted|justified|justifiable|rightful|due|right|just|fair|fitting|appropriate|suitable|proper|reasonable|apt|condign|meet


word: DESERVEDLY
russian_word: заслуженно
example: a deservedly popular sitcom
definition: in the way that is deserved; rightfully.
antonyms: undeservedly
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dɪˈzəːvɪdli
phonetics_text: dɪˈzəːvɪdli
synonyms:
justifiably|rightfully|rightly|by rights|justly|fairly|appropriately|fittingly|suitably|aptly|according to one's due|duly|condignly


word: DESERVING
russian_word: заслуживающий
example: the deserving poor
definition: worthy of being treated in a particular way, typically of being given assistance.
antonyms: undeserving
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈzəːvɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈzəːvɪŋ
synonyms:
worthy|meritorious|commendable|praiseworthy|laudable|excellent|fine|admirable|estimable|exemplary|creditable|respectable|decent|honourable|virtuous|righteous|upright|good|meriting|warranting|justifying|qualified for|suiting|suitable for


word: DESEX
russian_word: кастрировать
definition: deprive (someone) of sexual qualities or attraction.|castrate or spay (an animal).
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈsɛks
phonetics_text: diːˈsɛks
example:
my face looked pinched; unhappiness had desexed me|the clinic would would encourage cat owners to desex their pets


word: DESICCATOR
russian_word: эксикатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛsɪkeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈdɛsɪkeɪtə
definition:
a glass container or other apparatus holding a drying agent for removing moisture from specimens and protecting them from water vapour in the air.


word: DESIDERATUM
russian_word: что-либо желаемое
example: integrity was a desideratum
definition: something that is needed or wanted.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌzɪdəˈrɑːtəm
phonetics_text: dɪˌzɪdəˈrɑːtəm|dɪˌzɪdəˈreɪtəm|dɪˌsɪdəˈrɑːtəm
synonyms:
requirement|prerequisite|need|indispensable thing|desired thing|needed thing|essential|requisite|necessary|lack|want|missing thing|dream|ideal|hope|wish|sine qua non

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin, ‘something desired’, neuter past participle of desiderare (see desiderate).


word: DESIGN
russian_word: дизайн
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈzʌɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈzʌɪn
example:
he has just unveiled his design for the new museum|pottery with a lovely blue and white design|the appearance of design in the universe

definition:
a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is made.|a decorative pattern.|purpose or planning that exists behind an action, fact, or object.

synonyms:
plan|blueprint|drawing|scale drawing|sketch|outline|map|plot|diagram|delineation|draft|depiction|representation|artist's impression|scheme|model|prototype|proposal

origin:
late Middle English (as a verb in the sense ‘to designate’): from Latin designare ‘to designate’, reinforced by French désigner . The noun is via French from Italian.


word: DESIGNATE
russian_word: назначать
example: he was designated as prime minister
definition: appoint (someone) to a specified office or post.
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
synonyms:
appoint|nominate|depute|delegate|select|choose|pick|decide on|settle on|elect|name|identify|assign|allot|co-opt|ordain|induct|plump for

phonetic:
mid 17th century (as an adjective): from Latin designatus ‘designated’, past participle of designare, based on signum ‘a mark’.


word: DESIGNATION
russian_word: обозначение
example: a leader's designation of his own successor
definition: the action of choosing someone to hold an office or post.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛzɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛzɪɡˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
appointment|nomination|selection|choice|choosing|picking|election|naming|identifying|co-opting|induction

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘the action of marking’): from Latin designatio(n- ), from the verb designare (see designate).


word: DESIGNER
russian_word: дизайнер
example: a leading car designer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈzʌɪnə
phonetics_text: dɪˈzʌɪnə
definition:
a person who plans the look or workings of something prior to it being made, by preparing drawings or plans.

synonyms:
creator|deviser|producer|inventor|originator|planner|author|artificer|fabricator|maker|fashioner|architect|engineer|builder|couturier|fashion designer|tailor|costumier|dressmaker


word: DESIGNING
russian_word: проектирование
example: a designing little minx
definition: acting in a calculating, deceitful way.
antonyms: ingenuous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈzʌɪnɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈzʌɪnɪŋ
synonyms:
scheming|calculating|conniving|plotting|intriguing|conspiring|cunning|crafty|artful|wily|devious|guileful|canny|shrewd|astute|sharp|insidious|manipulative|treacherous|sly|underhand|deceitful|dishonest|Machiavellian|double-dealing|tricky|crooked|foxy


word: DESIRABILITY
russian_word: желательность
example: we agree on the desirability of a negotiated settlement
definition: the quality of being desirable.
antonyms: undesirability|disadvantage
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌzʌɪərəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: dɪˌzʌɪərəˈbɪlɪti
synonyms:
appeal|attractiveness|allure|agreeableness|worth|eligibility|excellence|advisability|preferableness|advantage|expedience|benefit|merit|value|profit|profitability|advantageousness|sexual attractiveness|sexual attraction|beauty|handsomeness|good looks|charm|seductiveness|eroticism|fascination|sexiness


word: DESIRABLE
russian_word: желательный
example: it is desirable to check that nothing has been forgotten
definition: wished for as being an attractive, useful, or necessary course of action.
antonyms: disadvantageous
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈzʌɪərəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈzʌɪərəb(ə)l
synonyms:
advantageous|advisable|wise|sensible|prudent|recommendable|helpful|useful|beneficial|worthwhile|profitable|preferable|expedient|in everyone's interests

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, suggested by Latin desiderabilis, from desiderare ‘to desire’ (see desiderate).


word: DESIRE
russian_word: желание
example: he resisted public desires for choice in education
definition: a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈzʌɪə
phonetics_text: dɪˈzʌɪə
synonyms:
wish|want|fancy|inclination|aspiration|impulse|preference|yearning|longing|craving|hankering|pining|ache|hunger|thirst|itch|burning|need|eagerness|enthusiasm|determination|predilection|proclivity|predisposition|yen

origin:
Middle English: from Old French desir (noun), desirer (verb), from Latin desiderare (see desiderate).


word: DESIROUS
russian_word: желающий
example: the Pope was desirous of peace in Europe
definition: having or characterized by desire.
antonyms: averse to
origin: Middle English: from Old French desireus, based on Latin desiderare ‘to desire’ (see desiderate).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈzʌɪərəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈzʌɪərəs
synonyms:
eager for|desiring|wishing for|hoping for|anxious for|keen on/for|avid for|craving for|yearning for|itching for|longing for|thirsty for|hungry for|ravening for|greedy for|ambitious for|aspiring to|covetous|envious|dying for


word: DESIST
russian_word: воздерживаться
example: each pledged to desist from acts of sabotage
definition: stop doing something; cease or abstain.
antonyms: continue|persist in
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈzɪst
phonetics_text: dɪˈzɪst|dɪˈsɪst
synonyms:
abstain|refrain|forbear|hold back|keep|stop|cease|discontinue|suspend|give up|quit|break off|leave off|conclude|call a halt/stop to|forgo|drop|dispense with|eschew|have done with|wash one's hands of|lay off|give over|pack in|pack up|belay

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desister, from Latin desistere, from de- ‘down from’ + sistere ‘to stop’ (reduplication of stare ‘to stand’).


word: DESK
russian_word: стол
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛsk
phonetics_text: dɛsk
example:
he sat at his desk, reading reports|the reception desk|he landed a job on the sports desk|an extra desk of first and second violins

definition:
a piece of furniture with a flat or sloping surface and typically with drawers, at which one can read, write, or do other work.|a counter in a hotel, bank, or airport at which a customer may check in or obtain information.|a specified section of a newspaper or broadcasting organization.|a position in an orchestra at which two players share a music stand.

synonyms:
table|work surface|bureau|writing desk|writing table|roll-top desk|lectern|counter|davenport|escritoire|secretaire

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin desca, probably based on Provençal desca ‘basket’ or Italian desco ‘table, butcher's block’, both based on Latin discus (see discus).


word: DESMAN
russian_word: выхухоль
origin: late 18th century: via French and German from Swedish desman-råtta ‘muskrat’, from desman ‘musk’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛzmən
phonetics_text: ˈdɛzmən
definition:
a small semiaquatic European mammal related to the mole, with a long tubular muzzle and webbed toes.


word: DESMID
russian_word: десмидиевую водоросль
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛzmɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɛzmɪd
definition:
a single-celled freshwater alga which appears to be composed of two rigid cells with a shared nucleus. The presence of desmids is usually an indicator of unpolluted water.

origin:
mid 19th century: from modern Latin Desmidium (genus name), from Greek desmos ‘band, chain’ (because the algae are often found united in chains or masses).


word: DESMOSOME
russian_word: десмосома
origin: 1930s: from Greek desmos ‘bond, chain’ + -some3.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛzməsəʊm
phonetics_text: ˈdɛzməsəʊm
definition:
a structure by which two adjacent cells are attached, formed from protein plaques in the cell membranes linked by filaments.


word: DESOLATE
russian_word: заброшенный
example: a desolate Pennine moor|I suddenly felt desolate and bereft
antonyms: fertile|populous
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
definition:
(of a place) uninhabited and giving an impression of bleak emptiness.|feeling or showing great unhappiness or loneliness.

synonyms:
barren|bleak|stark|bare|dismal|grim|desert|waste|arid|sterile|wild|windswept|inhospitable|exposed|deserted|uninhabited|unoccupied|depopulated|forsaken|godforsaken|abandoned|unpeopled|untenanted|evacuated|empty|vacated|vacant|unfrequented|unvisited|solitary|lonely|secluded|isolated|remote

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin desolatus ‘abandoned’, past participle of desolare, from de- ‘thoroughly’ + solus ‘alone’.


word: DESOLATION
russian_word: запустение
example: the stony desolation of the desert|in choked desolation, she watched him leave
definition: a state of complete emptiness or destruction.|great unhappiness or loneliness.
antonyms: fertility
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛsəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛsəˈleɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
barrenness|bleakness|starkness|bareness|dismalness|grimness|aridity|sterility|wildness|isolation|solitude|solitariness|loneliness|remoteness

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin desolatio(n- ), from Latin desolare ‘to abandon’ (see desolate).


word: DESPAIR
russian_word: отчаяние
example: a voice full of self-hatred and despair
definition: the complete loss or absence of hope.
antonyms: hope|joy
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈspɛː
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɛː
synonyms:
hopelessness|desperation|distress|anguish|pain|unhappiness|dejection|depression|despondency|disconsolateness|gloom|melancholy|melancholia|misery|wretchedness|disheartenment|discouragement|resignedness|forlornness|defeatism|pessimism

origin:
Middle English: the noun via Anglo-Norman French from Old French desespeir ; the verb from Old French desperer, from Latin desperare, from de- ‘down from’ + sperare ‘to hope’.


word: DESPERADO
russian_word: головорез
definition: a desperate or reckless person, especially a criminal.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛspəˈrɑːdəʊ
phonetics_text: ˌdɛspəˈrɑːdəʊ
synonyms:
bandit|criminal|outlaw|renegade|marauder|raider|robber|lawbreaker|villain|thug|ruffian|tough|hooligan|cut-throat|gangster|pirate|swashbuckler|terrorist|gunman|hoodlum

origin:
early 17th century: pseudo-Spanish alteration of the obsolete noun desperate . Both desperate and desperado originally denoted a person in despair or in a desperate situation, hence someone made reckless by despair.


word: DESPERATE
russian_word: отчаянный
example: a desperate sadness enveloped Ruth|I am desperate for a cigarette
antonyms: cheerful|composed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛsp(ə)rət
phonetics_text: ˈdɛsp(ə)rət
definition:
feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.|(of a person) having a great need or desire for something.

synonyms:
despairing|hopeless|anguished|distressed|in despair|suicidal|miserable|wretched|desolate|forlorn|disheartened|discouraged|demoralized|devastated|downcast|resigned|defeatist|pessimistic|distraught|fraught|overcome|out of one's mind|at one's wits' end|beside oneself|at the end of one's tether|dolorous

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘in despair’): from Latin desperatus ‘deprived of hope’, past participle of desperare (see despair).


word: DESPERATELY
russian_word: в отчаянии
example: he looked around desperately
definition: in a way that shows despair.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdɛsp(ə)rətli
phonetics_text: ˈdɛsp(ə)rətli
synonyms:
in desperation|in despair|despairingly|in anguish|in distress|miserably|wretchedly|hopelessly|desolately|forlornly|resignedly|defeatedly|pessimistically


word: DESPERATION
russian_word: отчаяние
example: she wrote to him in desperation
definition: a state of despair, typically one which results in rash or extreme behaviour.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛspəˈreɪʃn
phonetics_text: dɛspəˈreɪʃn
synonyms:
hopelessness|despair|distress|anguish|pain|agony|torment|torture|misery|wretchedness|disheartenment|discouragement|resignedness|forlornness|defeatism|pessimism|recklessness|rashness|impetuosity|foolhardiness|riskiness|audacity|boldness|wildness|imprudence|injudiciousness

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, from Latin desperatio(n- ), from the verb desperare (see despair).


word: DESPICABLE
russian_word: презренный
example: a despicable crime
definition: deserving hatred and contempt.
antonyms: admirable|noble
origin: mid 16th century: from late Latin despicabilis, from despicari ‘look down on’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspɪkəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɪkəb(ə)l|ˈdɛspɪkəb(ə)l
synonyms:
contemptible|loathsome|hateful|detestable|reprehensible|abhorrent|abominable|awful|heinous|beyond the pale|odious|execrable|repellent|repugnant|repulsive|revolting|disgusting|horrible|horrid|horrifying|obnoxious|nauseating|offensive|distasteful|beneath/below contempt|vile|base|low|mean|abject|shameful|degrading|ignominious|cheap|shabby|miserable|wretched|sorry|scurvy|infamous|villainous|ignoble|disreputable|discreditable|unworthy|unscrupulous|unprincipled|unsavoury|dirty|filthy|dirty rotten|rotten|low-down|no-good|beastly|lousy|caitiff


word: DESPISE
russian_word: презирать
example: he despised himself for being selfish
definition: feel contempt or a deep repugnance for.
antonyms: like|respect
origin: Middle English: from Old French despire, from Latin despicere, from de- ‘down’ + specere ‘look at’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈspʌɪz
phonetics_text: dɪˈspʌɪz
synonyms:
detest|hate|loathe|abhor|abominate|execrate|regard with contempt|feel contempt for|shrink from|be repelled by|find intolerable|deplore|dislike|scorn|disdain|slight|look down on|pour/heap scorn on|deride|scoff at|jeer at|sneer at|mock|revile|spurn|shun|contemn|disrelish


word: DESPITE
russian_word: несмотря
example: he remains a great leader despite age and infirmity
definition: without being affected by; in spite of.
antonyms: because of
part_of_speech: preposition|noun
phonetic: dɪˈspʌɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈspʌɪt
synonyms:
in spite of|notwithstanding|regardless of|in defiance of|without being affected by|in the face of|for all|even with|undeterred by

origin:
Middle English (originally used as a noun meaning ‘contempt, scorn’ in the phrase in despite of ): from Old French despit, from Latin despectus ‘looking down on’, past participle (used as a noun) of despicere (see despise).


word: DESPOIL
russian_word: грабить
example: the church was despoiled of its marble wall covering
definition: steal or violently remove valuable possessions from; plunder.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈspɔɪl
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɔɪl
synonyms:
plunder|pillage|rob|ravage|harry|maraud|ravish|rape|raid|ransack|loot|sack|rifle|devastate|lay waste|wreak havoc on|vandalize|destroy|ruin|wreck|raze|level|annihilate|gut|depredate|reave|strip|deprive|dispossess|denude|divest|relieve|clean out

origin:
Middle English: from Old French despoillier, from Latin despoliare ‘rob, plunder’ (from spolia ‘spoil’).


word: DESPOLIATION
russian_word: расхищение
example: the despoliation of the resources of the natural world
definition: the action of despoiling or the condition of being despoiled; plunder.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌspəʊlɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌspəʊlɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
devastation|destruction|ruin|ruination|ravaging|vandalism|depredation|despoilment|plunder|plundering|looting|pillage|harrying|marauding|ransacking|raiding|ravishing|rape|raping|sacking|reaving


word: DESPONDENCY
russian_word: уныние
example: an air of despondency
definition: low spirits from loss of hope or courage; dejection.
antonyms: cheerfulness|hopefulness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈspɒnd(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɒnd(ə)nsi
synonyms:
disheartenment|discouragement|dispiritedness|downheartedness|low spirits|hopelessness|despair|wretchedness|melancholy|gloom|gloominess|glumness|melancholia|misery|depression|desolation|disappointment|dolefulness|dejection|sorrow|sadness|grief|distress|unhappiness|defeatism|pessimism|the doldrums|the blues|heartache


word: DESPONDENT
russian_word: унылый
example: she grew more and more despondent
definition: in low spirits from loss of hope or courage.
antonyms: hopeful|cheerful
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspɒnd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɒnd(ə)nt
synonyms:
disheartened|discouraged|dispirited|downhearted|low-spirited|in low spirits|hopeless|downcast|cast down|crestfallen|down|low|disconsolate|in despair|despairing|wretched|oppressed|melancholy|gloomy|glum|morose|Eeyorish|doleful|dismal|woebegone|miserable|depressed|dejected|distressed|sorrowful|sad|defeatist|pessimistic|blue|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|as sick as a parrot


word: DESPOT
russian_word: деспот
antonyms: democrat
synonyms: tyrant|dictator|absolute ruler|totalitarian|authoritarian|autocrat|oppressor|autarch|monocrat
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛspɒt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛspɒt
definition:
a ruler or other person who holds absolute power, typically one who exercises it in a cruel or oppressive way.

origin:
mid 16th century: from French despote, via medieval Latin from Greek despotēs ‘master, absolute ruler’. Originally (after the Turkish conquest of Constantinople) the term denoted a minor Christian ruler under the Turkish empire. The current sense dates from the late 18th century.


word: DESPOTIC
russian_word: деспотический
example: a despotic regime
definition: of or typical of a despot; tyrannical.
antonyms: democratic|accountable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈspɒtɪk
phonetics_text: dɪˈspɒtɪk
synonyms:
autocratic|dictatorial|totalitarian|authoritarian|absolute|absolutist|arbitrary|unconstitutional|undemocratic|anti-democratic|uncontrolled|unaccountable|summary|one-party|single-party|autarchic|monocratic|tyrannical|oppressive|tyrannous|repressive|harsh|ruthless|merciless|draconian|illiberal|domineering|imperious|arrogant|high-handed


word: DESPOTISM
russian_word: деспотизм
example: the ideology of enlightened despotism
definition: the exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.
antonyms: democracy
origin: early 18th century: from French despotisme, from despote (see despot).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛspətɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: ˈdɛspətɪz(ə)m
synonyms:
tyranny|dictatorship|totalitarianism|authoritarianism|absolute rule|absolutism|oppression|repression|suppression|autocracy|monocracy|autarchy


word: DESSERT
russian_word: десерт
example: a dessert of chocolate mousse
definition: the sweet course eaten at the end of a meal.
synonyms: pudding|sweet course|sweet dish|second course|last course|sweet|afters|pud
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈzəːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈzəːt
origin:
mid 16th century: from French, past participle of desservir ‘clear the table’, from des- (expressing removal) + servir ‘to serve’.


word: DESTINATION
russian_word: назначение
example: Delft is an ideal destination for a relaxing weekend
definition: the place to which someone or something is going or being sent.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
journey's end|end of the line|landing place|point of disembarkation|terminus|station|stop|stopping place|port of call|goal|target|objective|end|purpose

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin destinatio(n- ), from destinare ‘make firm, establish’. The original sense was ‘the action of intending someone or something for a purpose’, later ‘being destined for a place’, hence (from the early 19th century) the place itself.


word: DESTINY
russian_word: судьба
example: she was unable to control her own destiny
definition: the events that will necessarily happen to a particular person or thing in the future.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛstɪni
phonetics_text: ˈdɛstɪni
origin:
Middle English: from Old French destinee, from Latin destinata, feminine past participle of destinare ‘make firm, establish’.


word: DESTITUTE
russian_word: лишенный
example: the charity cares for destitute children
definition: extremely poor and lacking the means to provide for oneself.
antonyms: rich
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛstɪtjuːt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛstɪtjuːt
synonyms:
penniless|impoverished|poverty-stricken|poor|impecunious|indigent|down and out|pauperized|without a penny to one's name|insolvent|ruined|needy|in need|in want|hard up|on the breadline|hard-pressed|deprived|disadvantaged|distressed|badly off|beggarly|beggared|on one's uppers|up against it|broke|flat broke|strapped (for cash)|without a brass farthing|without a bean|without a sou|as poor as a church mouse|on one's beam-ends|stony broke|skint|boracic (lint)|stone broke|without a red cent|on skid row|penurious

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘deserted, abandoned, empty’): from Latin destitutus, past participle of destituere ‘forsake’, from de- ‘away from’ + statuere ‘to place’.


word: DESTITUTION
russian_word: нищета
example: the family faced eviction and destitution
definition: poverty so extreme that one lacks the means to provide for oneself.
antonyms: wealth
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛstɪˈtʃuːʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdɛstɪˈtʃuːʃn|ˌdɛstɪˈtjuːʃn
synonyms:
dire poverty|extreme poverty|poverty|impoverishment|insolvency|penury|pennilessness|impecuniousness|privation|indigence|ruin|ruination|pauperdom|hardship|neediness|need|want|dire straits|deprivation|disadvantage|distress|financial distress|difficulties|life on the breadline|beggary|mendicancy|vagrancy


word: DESTRIER
russian_word: боевой конь
definition: a medieval knight's warhorse.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛstrɪə
phonetics_text: ˈdɛstrɪə|dɛˈstriːə
origin:
Middle English: from Old French, based on Latin dextera ‘the right hand’, from dexter ‘on the right’ (because the squire led the knight's horse with his right hand).


word: DESTROY
russian_word: уничтожить
example: the room had been destroyed by fire
definition: end the existence of (something) by damaging or attacking it.
antonyms: build|reconstruct|preserve|restore|raise
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈstrɔɪ
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrɔɪ
synonyms:
demolish|knock down|pull down|tear down|level|raze (to the ground)|fell|dismantle|break up|wreck|ruin|smash|shatter|crash|blast|blow up|blow to bits/pieces|dynamite|explode|bomb|torpedo|spoil|disfigure|blight|mar|blemish|impair|flaw|deface|scar|injure|harm|devastate|damage|lay waste|ravage|wreak havoc on|waste|disfeature|disrupt|undo|upset|play havoc with|make a mess of|put an end to|end|bring to an end|put a stop to|terminate|prevent|frustrate|crush|quell|quash|dash|scotch|vitiate|sabotage|upset someone's apple cart|cook someone's goose|mess up|muck up|screw up|louse up|foul up|make a hash of|do in|put paid to|put the lid on|put the kibosh on|do for|scupper|dish|stymie|queer|nix|banjax|blow a hole in|muller|euchre|cruel|bring to naught|fuck up|bugger up|balls up

origin:
Middle English: from Old French destruire, based on Latin destruere, from de- (expressing reversal) + struere ‘build’.


word: DESTRUCTION
russian_word: разрушение
example: the destruction of the rainforest
origin: Middle English: from Latin destructio(n- ), from the verb destruere (see destroy).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action or process of causing so much damage to something that it no longer exists or cannot be repaired.|a group of wild cats.

synonyms:
demolition|knocking down|pulling down|tearing down|levelling|razing (to the ground)|felling|dismantling|breaking up|wrecking|ruination|smashing|shattering|blasting|blowing up|dynamiting|bombing|carpet bombing|torpedoing|spoliation|devastation|spoiling|blighting|marring|disfigurement|impairment|defacing|scarring|injury|harm|laying waste|desolation|ravaging|wasting


word: DESTRUCTIVE
russian_word: разрушительный
example: the destructive power of weapons
definition: causing great and irreparable damage.
antonyms: non-violent|creative
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈstrʌktɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈstrʌktɪv
synonyms:
devastating|ruinous|disastrous|catastrophic|calamitous|cataclysmic|pernicious|noxious|environmentally unfriendly|harmful|damaging|injurious|hurtful|wounding|violent|detrimental|deleterious|disadvantageous|ravaging|crippling|savage|fierce|brutal|dangerous|fatal|deadly|lethal|death-dealing


word: DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION
russian_word: сухая перегонка
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
decomposition of a solid by heating it in a closed container and collecting the volatile constituents given off.


word: DESULTORY
russian_word: отрывочный
example: a few people were left, dancing in a desultory fashion
definition: lacking a plan, purpose, or enthusiasm.
antonyms: keen|systematic|lasting
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛs(ə)lt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdɛs(ə)lt(ə)ri|ˈdɛz(ə)lt(ə)ri
synonyms:
casual|half-hearted|lukewarm|cursory|superficial|token|perfunctory|passing|incidental|sketchy|haphazard|random|aimless|rambling|erratic|unmethodical|unsystematic|automatic|unthinking|capricious|mechanical|offhand|chaotic|inconsistent|irregular|intermittent|occasional|sporadic|inconstant|fitful

origin:
late 16th century (also in the literal sense ‘skipping about’): from Latin desultorius ‘superficial’ (literally ‘relating to a vaulter’), from desultor ‘vaulter’, from the verb desilire .


word: DETACH
russian_word: отделять
antonyms: attach
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtatʃ
phonetics_text: dɪˈtatʃ
example:
he detached the front lamp from its bracket|a figure in brown detached itself from the shadows|our crew were detached to Tabuk for the exercise

definition:
disengage (something or part of something) and remove it.|leave or separate oneself from (a group or place).|(of a group of soldiers or ships) be sent on a separate mission.

synonyms:
unfasten|disconnect|disengage|part|separate|uncouple|remove|loose|loosen|untie|unhitch|undo|unhook|unbutton|unzip|unclick|free|sever|pull off|cut off|clip off|hack off|chop off|prune off|nip off|tear off|break off|strip off|disunite|disjoin

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘discharge a gun’): from French détacher, earlier destacher, from des- (expressing reversal) + attacher ‘attach’.


word: DETACHED
russian_word: отдельный
example: he is a detached observer of his own actions
definition: separate or disconnected.|aloof and objective.
antonyms: connected
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈtatʃt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtatʃt
synonyms:
unfastened|disconnected|disengaged|parted|separated|separate|uncoupled|removed|loosed|loosened|untied|unhitched|undone|unhooked|unbuttoned|unzipped|free|severed|cut off|hacked off|torn off|broken off


word: DETACHMENT
russian_word: отряд
antonyms: bias|involvement
origin: mid 17th century: from French détachement, from détacher ‘to detach’ (see detach).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtatʃm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtatʃm(ə)nt
example:
he felt a sense of detachment from what was going on|a detachment of Marines|structural problems resulted in cracking and detachment of the wall

definition:
the state of being objective or aloof.|a group of troops, aircraft, or ships sent away on a separate mission.|the action or process of detaching; separation.

synonyms:
objectivity|dispassion|dispassionateness|disinterest|indifference|aloofness|remoteness|distance|open-mindedness|neutrality|lack of bias|lack of prejudice|impartiality|fairness|fair-mindedness|equitability|even-handedness|unselfishness


word: DETAIL
russian_word: деталь
example: we shall consider every detail of the Bill|the governor's security detail
definition: an individual fact or item.|a small detachment of troops or police officers given a special duty.
antonyms: outline|overview
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdiːteɪl
phonetics_text: ˈdiːteɪl
synonyms:
particular|feature|characteristic|respect|ingredient|attribute|item|specific|fact|piece of information|point|factor|element|circumstance|consideration|aspect|facet|side|part|unit|component|constituent|member|accessory

origin:
early 17th century (in the sense ‘minor items or events regarded collectively’): from French détail (noun), détailler (verb), from dé- (expressing separation) + tailler ‘to cut’ (based on Latin talea ‘twig, cutting’).


word: DETAILED
russian_word: подробный
example: more detailed information was needed
definition: having many details or facts; showing attention to detail.
antonyms: general|brief
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdiːteɪld
phonetics_text: ˈdiːteɪld
synonyms:
comprehensive|full|complete|circumstantial|thorough|exhaustive|all-inclusive|elaborate|minute|intricate|explicit|specific|precise|exact|accurate|meticulous|painstaking|itemized|particularized|particular|blow-by-blow


word: DETAIN
russian_word: задерживать
example: she made to open the door, but he detained her
definition: keep (someone) from proceeding by holding them back or making claims on their attention.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈteɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈteɪn
synonyms:
delay|hold up|make late|retard|keep (back)|slow up|slow down|set back|get bogged down|hinder|hamper|impede|obstruct

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘be afflicted with sickness or infirmity’): from Old French detenir, from a variant of Latin detinere, from de- ‘away, aside’ + tenere ‘to hold’.


word: DETAINER
russian_word: удержание
example: the detainer is liable for any damage caused
definition: the action of detaining or withholding property.|a person who detains someone or something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈteɪnə
phonetics_text: dɪˈteɪnə
origin:
early 17th century: from Anglo-Norman French detener ‘detain’ (used as a noun), variant of Old French detenir (see detain).


word: DETECT
russian_word: обнаружить
example: cancer may soon be detected in its earliest stages
definition: discover or identify the presence or existence of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtɛkt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛkt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin detect- ‘uncovered’, from the verb detegere, from de- (expressing reversal) + tegere ‘to cover’. The original senses were ‘uncover, expose’ and ‘give someone away’, later ‘expose the real or hidden nature of’; hence the current (partly influenced by detective).


word: DETECTION
russian_word: обнаружение
example: the early detection of fetal abnormalities
definition: the action or process of identifying the presence of something concealed.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛkʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
observation|noticing|noting|discernment|perception|spotting|awareness|recognition|distinguishing|identification|diagnosis|sensing|sight|smelling|tasting

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘revelation of what is concealed’): from late Latin detectio(n- ), from Latin detegere ‘uncover’ (see detect).


word: DETECTIVE
russian_word: детектив
example: detectives are anxious to interview anyone who saw the car
definition: a person, especially a police officer, whose occupation is to investigate and solve crimes.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtɛktɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛktɪv
synonyms:
investigator|private detective|private investigator|operative|inquiry agent|CID officer|detective constable|DC|detective sergeant|DS|detective inspector|DI|detective chief inspector|DCI|detective superintendent|detective chief superintendent|private eye|PI|sleuth|sleuth-hound|jack|snoop|snooper|peeper|shamus|gumshoe|dick|private dick|tec|bogey|hawkshaw|sherlock|Pinkerton

origin:
mid 19th century: from detect. The noun was originally short for detective policeman, from an adjectival use of the word in the sense ‘serving to detect’.


word: DETENT
russian_word: стопор
example: a system of detents is used to ensure that gears are held in whatever position is selected
definition: a catch in a machine which prevents motion until released.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtɛnt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛnt
origin:
late 17th century (denoting a catch in a clock): from French détente, from Old French destente, from destendre ‘slacken’, from des- (expressing reversal) + Latin tendere ‘to stretch’.


word: DETENTION
russian_word: задержание
example: the fifteen people arrested were still in police detention
definition: the action of detaining someone or the state of being detained in official custody.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛnʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
custody|imprisonment|confinement|incarceration|internment|captivity|restraint|arrest|house arrest|remand|committal|quarantine|duress|durance|detainment

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘withholding of what is claimed or due’): from late Latin detentio(n- ), from Latin detinere ‘hold back’ (see detain).


word: DETER
russian_word: удерживать
example: only a health problem would deter him from seeking re-election
definition: discourage (someone) from doing something by instilling doubt or fear of the consequences.
antonyms: encourage
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin deterrere, from de- ‘away from’ + terrere ‘frighten’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtəː
phonetics_text: dɪˈtəː
synonyms:
put off|discourage|dissuade|scare off|warn|caution|dishearten|demoralize|daunt|make worried/nervous/anxious|frighten|unnerve|intimidate


word: DETERGENT
russian_word: моющее средство
example: liquid detergents
synonyms: cleaner|cleanser|washing powder|washing-up liquid|soap powder|soap flakes
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈtəːdʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtəːdʒ(ə)nt
definition:
a water-soluble cleansing agent which combines with impurities and dirt to make them more soluble, and differs from soap in not forming a scum with the salts in hard water.

origin:
early 17th century (as an adjective): from Latin detergent- ‘wiping away’, from the verb detergere, from de- ‘away from’ + tergere ‘to wipe’.


word: DETERIORATE
russian_word: ухудшаться
example: relations between the countries had deteriorated sharply
definition: become progressively worse.
antonyms: improve
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtɪərɪəreɪt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɪərɪəreɪt
synonyms:
worsen|get worse|decline|be in decline|degenerate|decay|collapse|fail|fall|drop|sink|slump|slip|slide|go downhill|go backwards|go to rack and ruin|stagnate|wane|ebb|go to pot|go to the dogs|hit the skids|go down the toilet|go down the tubes|go to the pack|retrograde|degrade|break down|decompose|rot|putrefy|go bad|go off|spoil|perish|wither|atrophy|weaken|fade|break up|disintegrate|become dilapidated|crumble|fall down|fall apart|fall to pieces|corrupt

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘make worse’): from late Latin deteriorat- ‘worsened’, from the verb deteriorare, from Latin deterior ‘worse’.


word: DETERIORATION
russian_word: ухудшение
example: a deterioration in the condition of the patient
definition: the process of becoming progressively worse.
antonyms: improvement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌtɪərɪəˈreɪʃn
phonetics_text: dɪˌtɪərɪəˈreɪʃn
synonyms:
worsening|decline|decay|collapse|failure|fall|drop|downturn|slump|slip|slide|stagnation|waning|ebb|retrogression|degradation|degeneration|breakdown|decomposition|rot|putrefaction|spoliation|perishing|withering|atrophy|weakening|fading|break-up|disintegration|dilapidation|crumbling|falling down|falling apart|falling to pieces|corruption


word: DETERMINATE
russian_word: детерминированный
example: the longest determinate prison sentence ever upheld by English courts
definition: having exact and discernible limits or form.
antonyms: indeterminate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈtəːmɪnət
phonetics_text: dɪˈtəːmɪnət
synonyms:
fixed|settled|specified|quantified|established|defined|explicit|known|determined|definitive|conclusive|express|precise|final|ultimate|absolute|categorical|positive|definite

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin determinatus ‘limited, determined’, past participle of determinare (see determine).


word: DETERMINATION
russian_word: определение
antonyms: weak-mindedness|pusillanimity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˌtəːmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˌtəːmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n
example:
those who succeed because of sheer grit and determination|determination of molecular structures|genetic sex determination

definition:
the quality of being determined; firmness of purpose.|the process of establishing something exactly by calculation or research.|the controlling or deciding of the nature or outcome of something.|the cessation of an estate or interest.|a tendency to move in a fixed direction.

synonyms:
resolution|resolve|resoluteness|will power|strength of will|strength of character|single-mindedness|sense of purpose|firmness of purpose|fixity of purpose|purposefulness|intentness|decision|decidedness|steadfastness|staunchness|perseverance|persistence|indefatigability|tenacity|tenaciousness|staying power|strong-mindedness|backbone|the bulldog spirit|pertinacity|pertinaciousness|stubbornness|doggedness|obstinacy|obdurateness|obduracy|inflexibility|spiritedness|braveness|bravery|boldness|courage|courageousness|pluck|pluckiness|stout-heartedness|Dunkirk spirit|sitzfleisch|guts|spunk|grit|stickability|stick-to-it-iveness|intension|perseveration

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘settlement of a controversy by a judge or by reasoning’ and ‘authoritative opinion’): via Old French from Latin determinatio(n- ), from the verb determinare (see determine).


word: DETERMINE
russian_word: определять
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtəːmɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈtəːmɪn
example:
it will be her mental attitude that determines her future|the inquest is entrusted with the task of determining the cause of death|he determined on a withdrawal of his forces

definition:
cause (something) to occur in a particular way or to have a particular nature.|ascertain or establish exactly by research or calculation.|firmly decide.|bring or come to an end.

synonyms:
control|decide|regulate|direct|rule|dictate|govern|condition|form|shape|affect|have an effect on|influence|exert influence on|sway|act on|work on|mould|modify|alter|touch|have an impact on|impact on|prompt|impel|induce|lead|move|cause|motivate|stimulate|prod|spur on|provoke|incite|dispose|incline|persuade|encourage|urge|inspire|make|deciding|decisive|conclusive|final|settling|definitive|key|pivotal|crucial|critical|most influential|significant|major|chief|principal|prime|paramount

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French determiner, from Latin determinare ‘limit, fix’, from de- ‘completely’ + terminare ‘terminate’.


word: DETERMINED
russian_word: определенный
example: Alina was determined to be heard
definition: having made a firm decision and being resolved not to change it.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈtəːmɪnd
phonetics_text: dɪˈtəːmɪnd
synonyms:
intent on|bent on|set on|dead set on|insistent on|fixed on|resolved on/to|firm about|committed to|hell-bent on|single-minded about|obsessive about|obsessed with|fanatical about|fixated on


word: DETERMINER
russian_word: определяющее слово
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtəːmɪnə
phonetics_text: dɪˈtəːmɪnə
definition:
a person or thing that determines or decides something.|a modifying word that determines the kind of reference a noun or noun group has, for example a, the, every.


word: DETERMINISTIC
russian_word: детерминистический
example: a deterministic theory
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɪtəːmɪˈnɪstɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdɪtəːmɪˈnɪstɪk
definition:
relating to the philosophical doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes regarded as external to the will.


word: DETERRENT
russian_word: сдерживающий
example: cameras are a major deterrent to crime
definition: a thing that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from doing something.
antonyms: incentive|encouragement
origin: early 19th century: from Latin deterrent- ‘deterring’, from the verb deterrere (see deter).
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈtɛr(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛr(ə)nt
synonyms:
disincentive|discouragement|dissuasion|damper|brake|curb|check|restraint|obstacle|hindrance|impediment|obstruction|block|barrier|inhibition


word: DETEST
russian_word: ненавидеть
example: she really did detest his mockery
definition: dislike intensely.
antonyms: love|admire
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtɛst
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛst
synonyms:
abhor|hate|loathe|despise|abominate|execrate|regard with disgust|feel disgust for|feel repugnance towards|feel distaste for|shrink from|recoil from|shudder at|be unable to bear|be unable to abide|feel hostility to|feel aversion to|feel animosity to|find intolerable|dislike|disdain|have an aversion to|disrelish

origin:
late 15th century: from Latin detestari, from de- ‘down’ + testari ‘witness, call upon to witness’ (from testis ‘a witness’).


word: DETESTABLE
russian_word: отвратительный
example: I found the film's violence detestable
definition: deserving intense dislike.
antonyms: lovable|admirable
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈtɛstəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈtɛstəb(ə)l
synonyms:
abhorrent|detested|hateful|hated|loathsome|loathed|despicable|despised|abominable|abominated|execrable|execrated|repellent|repugnant|repulsive|revolting|disgusting|distasteful|horrible|horrid|horrifying|awful|heinous|reprehensible|obnoxious|odious|nauseating|offensive|contemptible

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin detestabilis, from the verb detestari (see detest).


word: DETESTATION
russian_word: сильное отвращение
example: Wordsworth's detestation of aristocracy
definition: intense dislike.
antonyms: love
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːtɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːtɛˈsteɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
hatred|loathing|abhorrence|execration|revulsion|abomination|disgust|repugnance|horror|antipathy|odium|aversion|hostility|animosity|enmity|dislike|distaste|disdain|contempt|disrelish|repellence|repellency

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin detestatio(n- ), from the verb detestari (see detest).


word: DETINUE
russian_word: незаконный захват чужого имущества
origin: late Middle English: from Old French detenue, past participle (used as a noun) of detenir ‘detain’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛtɪnjuː
phonetics_text: ˈdɛtɪnjuː
definition:
the crime of wrongful detention of goods or personal possessions (replaced in the UK by the tort of wrongful interference of goods).


word: DETONATE
russian_word: детонировать
example: two other bombs failed to detonate
definition: explode or cause to explode.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛtəneɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛtəneɪt
synonyms:
explode|go off|be set off|blow up|burst apart|shatter|erupt|ignite|bang|blast|boom|go bang|go boom|set off|discharge|let off|touch off|trigger|kindle|light|spark

origin:
early 18th century: from Latin detonat- ‘thundered down or forth’, from the verb detonare, from de- ‘down’ + tonare ‘to thunder’.


word: DETONATION
russian_word: детонация
example: she was in a control building at the time of detonation
definition: the action of causing a bomb or explosive device to explode.
synonyms: explosion|discharge|blowing up|ignition|blast|burst|crack|bang|report
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛtəˈneɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɛtəˈneɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
late 17th century: from French détonation, from the verb détoner, from Latin detonare ‘thunder down’ (see detonate).


word: DETOXICATE
russian_word: устранить токсическое действие
definition: another term for detoxify.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈtɒksɪkeɪt
phonetics_text: diːˈtɒksɪkeɪt
origin:
mid 19th century: from de- (expressing removal) + Latin toxicum ‘poison’, on the pattern of intoxicate .


word: DETRACT
russian_word: умалять
antonyms: enhance
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈtrakt
phonetics_text: dɪˈtrakt
example:
these quibbles in no way detract from her achievement|the complaint was timed to detract attention from the ethics issue

definition:
diminish the worth or value of (a quality or achievement).|cause someone or something to be distracted or diverted from.

synonyms:
belittle|take away from|diminish|reduce|lessen|minimize|lower|make light of|play down|discount|soft-pedal|brush aside|gloss over|trivialize|decry|depreciate|denigrate|devalue|devaluate|deprecate|pooh-pooh|hold cheap|derogate|misprize|minify

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin detract- ‘drawn away’, from the verb detrahere, from de- ‘away from’ + trahere ‘draw’.


word: DETRACTOR
russian_word: клеветник
example: the island, say its detractors, has been devoured by development
definition: a person who disparages someone or something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtraktə
phonetics_text: dɪˈtraktə
synonyms:
critic|disparager|denigrator|deprecator|belittler|attacker|censurer|fault-finder|carper|backbiter|caviller|reviler|vilifier|slanderer|libeller|calumniator|defamer|traducer|mud-slinger|knocker|nitpicker|asperser


word: DETRIMENT
russian_word: ущерб
example: he is engrossed in his work to the detriment of his married life
definition: the state of being harmed or damaged.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛtrɪm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛtrɪm(ə)nt
origin:
late Middle English in the sense ‘loss sustained by damage’: from Old French, from Latin detrimentum, from detri-, stem of deterere ‘wear away’.


word: DETRIMENTAL
russian_word: вредный
example: recent policies have been detrimental to the interests of many old people
definition: tending to cause harm.
antonyms: benign|beneficial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɛtrɪˈmɛnt(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌdɛtrɪˈmɛnt(ə)l
synonyms:
harmful|damaging|injurious|hurtful|inimical|deleterious|dangerous|destructive|ruinous|calamitous|disastrous|pernicious|environmentally unfriendly|ill|bad|evil|baleful|malign|corrupting|malignant|adverse|undesirable|prejudicial|unfavourable|unfortunate|counterproductive|unhealthy|unwholesome|poisonous|cancerous|noxious|deadly|lethal|fatal|malefic|maleficent|prejudicious


word: DETRITUS
russian_word: детрит
example: the streets were foul with detritus
definition: waste or debris of any kind.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈtrʌɪtəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈtrʌɪtəs
synonyms:
debris|waste|waste matter|discarded matter|refuse|litter|scrap|flotsam and jetsam|lumber|rubble|wreckage|remains|remnants|fragments|scraps|spoilage|dregs|leavings|sweepings|dross|scum|chaff|offscourings|swill|slag|rubbish|trash|garbage|mullock|dreck|junk|grot|gash|debitage|draff|raffle|raff|cultch|orts|shit|crap

origin:
late 18th century (in the sense ‘detrition’): from French détritus, from Latin detritus, from deterere ‘wear away’.


word: DETUNE
russian_word: расстраивать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈtjuːn
phonetics_text: diːˈtjuːn
example:
I'm off to detune my guitar and annoy the neighbours|we've detuned the engines a bit for reliability|diode lasers can be detuned faster than standard lasers

definition:
cause (a musical instrument) to become out of tune.|reduce the performance or efficiency of (a motor vehicle or engine) by adjustment.|change the frequency of (an oscillatory system such as a laser) away from a state of resonance.


word: DEUTERANOPIA
russian_word: дейтеранопия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdjuːt(ə)rəˈnəʊpɪə
phonetics_text: ˌdjuːt(ə)rəˈnəʊpɪə
definition:
colour blindness resulting from insensitivity to green light, causing confusion of greens, reds, and yellows.

origin:
early 20th century: from deutero- ‘second’ (the colour green being regarded as the second component of colour vision) + an-1 + -opia.


word: DEVA
russian_word: дева
origin: from Sanskrit, literally ‘shining one’, later ‘god’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdeɪvə
phonetics_text: ˈdeɪvə
definition:
a member of a class of divine beings in the Vedic period, which in Indian religion are benevolent and in Zoroastrianism are evil.


word: DEVALUE
russian_word: девальвировать
example: I resent the way people seem to devalue my achievement
definition: reduce or underestimate the worth or importance of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈvaljuː
phonetics_text: diːˈvaljuː
synonyms:
belittle|depreciate|disparage|denigrate|decry|deprecate|make light of|treat lightly|discredit|underrate|undervalue|underestimate|deflate|detract from|diminish|minimize|trivialize|run down|traduce|defame|knock|slam|pan|bad-mouth|sell short|put down|pooh-pooh|look down one's nose at|do down|do a hatchet job on|take to pieces|pull apart|pick holes in|drag through the mud|have a go at|hit out at|rubbish|slate|slag off|cry down|hold cheap|derogate|misprize|minify


word: DEVANAGARI
russian_word: Деванагари
definition: the alphabet used for Sanskrit, Hindi, and other Indian languages.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdeɪvəˈnɑːɡ(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˌdeɪvəˈnɑːɡ(ə)ri|dɛvəˈnɑːɡ(ə)ri
origin:
from Sanskrit, literally ‘divine town script’, from deva ‘god’ + nāgarī (from nagara ‘town’), an earlier name of the script.


word: DEVASTATE
russian_word: опустошать
example: the city was devastated by a huge earthquake|she was devastated by the loss of Damian
definition: destroy or ruin.|cause (someone) severe and overwhelming shock or grief.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɛvəsteɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛvəsteɪt
synonyms:
destroy|ruin|leave in ruins|wreck|lay waste|wreak havoc on|ravage|ransack|leave desolate|demolish|raze (to the ground)|level|flatten|annihilate

origin:
mid 17th century: from Latin devastat- ‘laid waste’, from the verb devastare, from de- ‘thoroughly’ + vastare ‘lay waste’.


word: DEVASTATING
russian_word: разрушительный
example: a devastating cyclone
definition: highly destructive or damaging.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛvəsteɪtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛvəsteɪtɪŋ
synonyms:
destructive|ruinous|disastrous|catastrophic|calamitous|cataclysmic|pernicious|noxious|harmful|damaging|injurious|hurtful|wounding|violent|detrimental|deleterious|disadvantageous|ravaging|crippling|savage|fierce|brutal|dangerous|fatal|deadly|lethal|death-dealing


word: DEVASTATINGLY
russian_word: убийственно
definition: in a highly destructive or damaging way.|to an extremely impressive degree.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdɛvəsteɪtɪŋli
phonetics_text: ˈdɛvəsteɪtɪŋli
example:
those countries were devastatingly affected by the tsunami|no artist has more devastatingly exposed the folly of his fellow men


word: DEVASTATION
russian_word: опустошение
example: the floods caused widespread devastation|she spoke of her devastation at his death
definition: great destruction or damage.|severe and overwhelming shock or grief.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃn
synonyms:
destruction|ruin|desolation|depredation|waste|havoc|wreckage|ruins|ravages|laying waste|wrecking|ruination|despoliation|ransacking|ravaging|demolition|razing|levelling|flattening|annihilation|rape|shock|trauma|upheaval|distress|stress|strain|pain|anguish|suffering|upset|agony|misery|sorrow|grief|heartache|heartbreak|torture|traumatization


word: DEVELOP
russian_word: развивать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈvɛləp
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɛləp
example:
motion pictures were to develop into mass entertainment|a strange closeness developed|she came to get the film developed|he preferred to develop his bishop on e7

definition:
grow or cause to grow and become more mature, advanced, or elaborate.|start to exist, experience, or possess.|treat (a photographic film) with chemicals to make a visible image.|bring (a piece) into play from its initial position on a player's back rank.

synonyms:
grow|evolve|mature|expand|enlarge|spread|advance|progress|prosper|succeed|thrive|get on well|flourish|blossom|bloom|burgeon|make headway|be successful|go great guns|initiate|instigate|set in motion|put in place|institute|inaugurate|originate|invent|form|establish|fashion|generate|undertake|embark on

origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘unfold, unfurl’): from French développer, based on Latin dis- ‘un-’ + a second element of unknown origin found also in envelop.


word: DEVELOPABLE
russian_word: развертывающейся
example: there's competition among retailers for developable sites
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvɛləpəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɛləpəb(ə)l
definition:
(of land or property) able to be adapted or improved so as to become profitable.|(of a curved surface) capable of being flattened into a plane without overlap or separation, as with a cylinder.|(of a function or expression) capable of being expanded as a series.


word: DEVELOPMENT
russian_word: развитие
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈvɛləpm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɛləpm(ə)nt
example:
she traces the development of the novel|I don't think there have been any new developments since yesterday|land suitable for development|the development of brittle bones|agitation is carried out while a film is processed to ensure even development|I sought to take advantage of Black's defective development

definition:
the process of developing or being developed.|an event constituting a new stage in a changing situation.|the process of converting land to a new purpose by constructing buildings or making use of its resources.|the process of starting to be affected by an ailment or feeling.|the process of treating photographic film with chemicals to make a visible image.|the process of bringing one's pieces into play in the opening phase of a game.

synonyms:
evolution|growth|maturing|expansion|enlargement|spread|buildout|progress|success|blossoming|blooming|burgeoning|headway|forming|establishment|institution|initiation|instigation|inauguration|origination|invention|generation


word: DEVIANT
russian_word: девиантное
example: deviant behaviour
definition: departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behaviour.
antonyms: normal|orthodox
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˈdiːvɪənt
phonetics_text: ˈdiːvɪənt
synonyms:
aberrant|deviating|divergent|abnormal|atypical|untypical|non-typical|anomalous|digressive|irregular|non-standard|nonconformist|rogue|perverse|transgressing|wayward|strange|odd|peculiar|uncommon|unusual|freak|freakish|curious|bizarre|eccentric|idiosyncratic|unorthodox|exceptional|singular|unrepresentative|distorted|twisted|warped|perverted|backasswards|bent|kinky|quirky

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin deviant- ‘turning out of the way’, from the verb deviare (see deviate).


word: DEVIATE
russian_word: отклоняться
example: you must not deviate from the agreed route
definition: depart from an established course.
part_of_speech: verb|noun|adjective
synonyms:
diverge|digress|drift|stray|slew|veer|swerve|turn away|turn aside|get sidetracked|branch off|differ|vary|change|depart|be different|be at variance with|run counter to|contrast with|contravene|contradict|divagate

phonetic:
mid 16th century (as an adjective in the sense ‘remote’): from late Latin deviat- ‘turned out of the way’, from the verb deviare, from de- ‘away from’ + via ‘way’. The verb dates from the mid 17th century.


word: DEVIATION
russian_word: отклонение
example: deviation from a norm|a significant deviation from the average value
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: diːvɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: diːvɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n
definition:
the action of departing from an established course or accepted standard.|the amount by which a single measurement differs from a fixed value such as the mean.|the deflection of a ship's compass needle caused by iron in the ship.

synonyms:
divergence|digression|turning aside|departure|deflection|difference|variation|variance|alteration|veering|straying|fluctuation|aberration|abnormality|irregularity|anomaly|inconsistency|discrepancy|variableness|oddness|freakishness|change|shift|veer|swerve|bend|drift

origin:
late Middle English: via French from medieval Latin deviatio(n- ), from Latin deviare (see deviate).


word: DEVICE
russian_word: устройство
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈvʌɪs
phonetics_text: dɪˈvʌɪs
example:
a measuring device|writing a letter to a newspaper is a traditional device for signalling dissent|the decorative device on the invitations

definition:
a thing made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a piece of mechanical or electronic equipment.|a plan, method, or trick with a particular aim.|a drawing or design.

synonyms:
implement|gadget|utensil|tool|appliance|piece of equipment|apparatus|piece of apparatus|piece of hardware|instrument|machine|mechanism|contrivance|contraption|invention|convenience|amenity|aid|gizmo|widget|mod con

origin:
Middle English: from Old French devis, based on Latin divis- ‘divided’, from the verb dividere . The original sense was ‘desire or intention’, found now only in leave someone to their own devices (which has become associated with device (sense 2)).


word: DEVIL
russian_word: дьявол
example: belief in the Devil|the cunning old devil|‘Where the devil is he?’
synonyms: wretch|unfortunate|creature|soul|person|fellow|thing|beggar|bastard|sod|bugger
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɛv(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɛv(ə)l
definition:
(in Christian and Jewish belief) the supreme spirit of evil; Satan.|a person with specified characteristics.|expressing surprise or annoyance in various questions or exclamations.|an instrument or machine fitted with sharp teeth or spikes, used for tearing or other destructive work.|a junior assistant of a barrister or other professional.

origin:
Old English dēofol (related to Dutch duivel and German Teufel ), via late Latin from Greek diabolos ‘accuser, slanderer’ (used in the Septuagint to translate Hebrew śāṭān ‘Satan’), from diaballein ‘to slander’, from dia ‘across’ + ballein ‘to throw’.


word: DEVILFISH
russian_word: каракатица
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛv(ə)lfɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛv(ə)lfɪʃ
definition:
any of a number of marine creatures that are perceived as having a sinister appearance, in particular a devil ray, a stonefish, or an octopus or squid.


word: DEVILISH
russian_word: дьявольский
example: devilish tortures
definition: like or appropriate to a devil in evil and cruelty.
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb
phonetic: ˈdɛv(ə)lɪʃ
phonetics_text: ˈdɛv(ə)lɪʃ
synonyms:
wicked|evil|accursed|sinful|iniquitous|nefarious|vile|foul|abominable|unspeakable|loathsome|monstrous|atrocious|heinous|hideous|odious|horrible|horrifying|shocking|appalling|dreadful|awful|terrible|ghastly|abhorrent|despicable|damnable|villainous|shameful|depraved|perverted|ungodly|dark|black|black-hearted|immoral|amoral|vicious|cruel|savage|brutish|bestial|barbaric|barbarous|cacodemonic|egregious|flagitious|facinorous


word: DEVIL-MAY-CARE
russian_word: бесшабашный
example: light-hearted, devil-may-care young pilots
definition: cheerful and reckless.
antonyms: solemn|serious
part_of_speech: adjective
synonyms:
reckless|rash|incautious|heedless|unheeding|hasty|overhasty|precipitate|precipitous|impetuous|impulsive|daredevil|hot-headed|irresponsible|wild|foolhardy|headlong|over-adventurous|over-venturesome|audacious|death-or-glory|hare-brained|madcap|imprudent|unwise|unthinking|nonchalant|casual|airy|breezy|flippant|swaggering|insouciant|indifferent|happy-go-lucky|easy-going|unworried|untroubled|unconcerned|tearaway|harum-scarum|temerarious


word: DEVILMENT
russian_word: буйное веселье
example: his eyes were blazing with devilment
definition: reckless mischief; wild spirits.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛv(ə)lm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɛv(ə)lm(ə)nt
synonyms:
mischief|naughtiness|badness|bad behaviour|misbehaviour|mischievousness|troublemaking|misconduct|misdemeanour|perversity|disobedience|pranks|impishness|tricks|larks|capers|nonsense|roguery|rascality|devilry|funny business|diablerie|monkey business|shenanigans|goings-on|hanky-panky|carry-on|carryings-on|jiggery-pokery|monkey tricks


word: DEVILRY
russian_word: чертовщина
example: some devilry was afoot
definition: wicked activity.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɛv(ə)lri
phonetics_text: ˈdɛv(ə)lri
synonyms:
wickedness|evil|evil-doing|evilness|sin|sinfulness|iniquity|iniquitousness|vileness|foulness|baseness|badness|wrong|wrongdoing|dishonesty|unscrupulousness|roguery|villainy|rascality|delinquency|viciousness|devilishness|fiendishness|heinousness|crookedness|shadiness|malfeasance|knavery


word: DEVIOUS
russian_word: хитрый
example: he's as devious as a politician needs to be|they arrived at the town by a devious route
antonyms: above board
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdiːvɪəs
phonetics_text: ˈdiːvɪəs
definition:
showing a skilful use of underhand tactics to achieve goals.|(of a route or journey) longer and less direct than the most straightforward way.

synonyms:
underhand|underhanded|deceitful|dishonest|dishonourable|disreputable|unethical|unprincipled|immoral|unscrupulous|fraudulent|cheating|dubious|dirty|unfair|treacherous|duplicitous|double-dealing|Janus-faced|below the belt|two-timing|two-faced|unsporting|unsportsmanlike|crafty|cunning|calculating|artful|conniving|scheming|designing|sly|wily|guileful|tricky|sneaky|sneaking|furtive|secret|secretive|clandestine|surreptitious|covert|veiled|shrouded|cloak-and-dagger|hugger-mugger|hole-and-corner|hidden|back-alley|backstairs|under the table|conspiratorial|snide|snidey|crooked|shady|bent|low-down|murky|fishy|dodgy|shonky|slim

origin:
late 16th century: from Latin devius (from de- ‘away from’ + via ‘way’) + -ous. The original sense was ‘remote’; the later sense ‘departing from the direct route’ gave rise to the figurative sense ‘deviating from the straight way’ and hence ‘skilled in underhand tactics’.


word: DEVISE
russian_word: разрабатывать
example: a training programme should be devised
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪˈvʌɪz
phonetics_text: dɪˈvʌɪz
definition:
plan or invent (a complex procedure, system, or mechanism) by careful thought.|leave (something, especially real estate) to someone by the terms of a will.

synonyms:
conceive|think up|come up with|dream up|draw up|work out|form|formulate|concoct|design|frame|invent|coin|originate|compose|construct|fabricate|create|produce|put together|make up|develop|evolve|discover|hit on|hatch|cook up|contrive

origin:
Middle English: the verb from Old French deviser, from Latin divis- ‘divided’, from the verb dividere (this sense being reflected in the original English sense of the verb); the noun is a variant of device (in the early sense ‘will, desire’).


word: DEVITALIZE
russian_word: делать безжизненным
definition: deprive of strength and vigour.
antonyms: strengthen|reinforce
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: diːˈvʌɪt(ə)lʌɪz
phonetics_text: diːˈvʌɪt(ə)lʌɪz
example:
technological progress has given enormous power to humanity, but at the cost of devitalizing the spirit of the individual

synonyms:
weaken|make weak|make feeble|enfeeble|debilitate|enervate|sap|drain|tax|overtax|wash out|overtire|exhaust|weary|tire|tire out|fatigue|jade|wear out|prostrate|undermine|impair|render infirm|indispose|incapacitate|cripple|disable|paralyse|immobilize|lay low|put out of action|knock out|do in|knacker|shatter|whack|bush|frazzle|wear to a frazzle|poop|take it out of|fag out|torpefy


word: DEVOID
russian_word: лишенный
example: Lisa kept her voice devoid of emotion
definition: entirely lacking or free from.
origin: late Middle English: past participle of obsolete devoid ‘cast out’, from Old French devoidier .
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvɔɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɔɪd
synonyms:
lacking|without|free from/of|empty of|vacant of|void of|bare of|barren of|bereft of|drained of|denuded of|deprived of|depleted of|destitute of|bankrupt of|wanting|in need of|minus|sans


word: DEVOLUTION
russian_word: передача
antonyms: centralization
synonyms: decentralization|delegation|dispersal|distribution|transfer|surrender|relinquishment
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdiːvəˈluːʃ(ə)n|ˌdɛvəˈluːʃ(ə)n
example:
demands for electoral reform and devolution|the devolution of the gentlemanly ideal into a glorification of drunkenness

definition:
the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration.|descent to a lower or worse state.

origin:
late 15th century (in the sense ‘transference by default’): from late Latin devolutio(n- ), from Latin devolvere ‘roll down’ (see devolve).


word: DEVOLVE
russian_word: передавать
example: measures to devolve power to a Scottish assembly|the Empire devolved into separate warring states
antonyms: centralize|retain
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈvɒlv
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɒlv
definition:
transfer or delegate (power) to a lower level, especially from central government to local or regional administration.|pass into (a different state, especially a worse one); degenerate.

synonyms:
delegate|pass (down/on)|hand down/over/on|depute|transfer|transmit|commit|assign|consign|convey|entrust|turn over|make over|sign over|give|part with|let go of|leave|cede|surrender|relinquish|deliver|bestow|grant|offload|dump|get rid of|palm off|foist|fob off

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘roll down’): from Latin devolvere, from de- ‘down’ + volvere ‘to roll’.


word: DEVOLVED
russian_word: переданы
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvɒlvd
phonetics_text: dɪˈvɒlvd
definition:
having had power transferred or delegated to a lower level, especially from central government to local or regional administration.


word: DEVONIAN
russian_word: девонский
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɛˈvəʊnɪən
phonetics_text: dɛˈvəʊnɪən|dɪˈvəʊnɪən
definition:
relating to Devon.|relating to or denoting the fourth period of the Palaeozoic era, between the Silurian and Carboniferous periods.


word: DEVOTE
russian_word: посвящать
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈvəʊt
phonetics_text: dɪˈvəʊt
example:
I wanted to devote more time to my family|the hostile army was devoted with dire execrations to the gods of war

definition:
give all or most of one's time or resources to (a person or activity).|invoke or pronounce a curse upon.

synonyms:
allocate|assign|allot|commit|give|give over|afford|apportion|surrender|consign|sacrifice|pledge|dedicate|consecrate|set aside|earmark|reserve|designate|spare

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘dedicate formally, consecrate’): from Latin devot- ‘consecrated’, from the verb devovere, from de- ‘formally’ + vovere ‘to vow’.


word: DEVOTED
russian_word: преданный
example: he was a devoted husband|there is a museum devoted to her work
definition: very loving or loyal.|given over to the display, study, or discussion of.
antonyms: disloyal|unfaithful|indifferent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvəʊtɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈvəʊtɪd
synonyms:
loyal|faithful|true|true blue|staunch|steadfast|constant|committed|dedicated|devout|fond|loving|admiring|affectionate|caring|attentive|warm|ardent


word: DEVOTEE
russian_word: приверженец
example: a devotee of Lewis Carroll
definition: a person who is very interested in and enthusiastic about someone or something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɛvə(ʊ)ˈtiː
phonetics_text: ˌdɛvə(ʊ)ˈtiː
synonyms:
enthusiast|fan|fanatic|addict|lover|aficionado|admirer|buff|freak|nut|fiend|maniac|a great one for|geek|jock|fundi


word: DEVOTION
russian_word: преданность
example: his devotion to duty never wavered
definition: love, loyalty, or enthusiasm for a person or activity.
antonyms: disloyalty|indifference|hatred
origin: Middle English: from Latin devotio(n- ), from devovere ‘consecrate’ (see devote).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈvəʊʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈvəʊʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
loyalty|faithfulness|fidelity|trueness|staunchness|steadfastness|constancy|commitment|adherence|allegiance|dedication|devoutness|fondness|love|admiration|affection|attentiveness|care|caring|warmness|closeness


word: DEVOUR
russian_word: пожирать
example: he devoured half of his burger in one bite
definition: eat (food or prey) hungrily or quickly.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈvaʊə
phonetics_text: dɪˈvaʊə
synonyms:
eat hungrily|eat quickly|eat greedily|eat heartily|eat up|swallow|gobble (up/down)|guzzle (down)|gulp (down)|bolt (down)|cram down|gorge oneself on|wolf (down)|feast on|consume|scoff (down)|pack away|demolish|dispose of|make short work of|polish off|shovel down|stuff one's face with|stuff oneself with|stuff (down)|pig oneself on|pig out on|sink|put away|tuck away|get outside of|gollop|shift|get one's laughing gear round|gorb|scarf (down/up)|snarf (down/up)|inhale|ingurgitate

origin:
Middle English: from Old French devorer, from Latin devorare, from de- ‘down’ + vorare ‘to swallow’.


word: DEVOUT
russian_word: набожный
example: she was a devout Catholic
definition: having or showing deep religious feeling or commitment.
antonyms: insincere|lapsed
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈvaʊt
phonetics_text: dɪˈvaʊt
synonyms:
pious|religious|devoted|dedicated|reverent|God-fearing|believing|spiritual|prayerful|holy|godly|saintly|faithful|dutiful|righteous|churchgoing|orthodox

origin:
Middle English: from Old French devot, from Latin devotus ‘devoted’, past participle of devovere (see devote).


word: DEWAR
russian_word: дьюар
origin: late 19th century: named after Sir James Dewar (see Dewar, Sir James).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdjuːə
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːə
definition:
a double-walled flask of metal or silvered glass with a vacuum between the walls, used to hold liquids at well below ambient temperature.


word: DEWBERRY
russian_word: ежевика
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdjuːb(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdjuːb(ə)ri
definition:
a trailing European bramble with soft prickles and edible fruit resembling the blackberry, which have a dewy white bloom on the skin.


word: DEXTERITY
russian_word: ловкость
example: her dexterity with chopsticks
definition: skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands.
antonyms: clumsiness|stupidity|insensitivity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɛkˈstɛrɪti
phonetics_text: dɛkˈstɛrɪti
synonyms:
deftness|adeptness|adroitness|agility|nimbleness|handiness|ability|capability|talent|skilfulness|skill|proficiency|accomplishment|expertise|experience|efficiency|effortlessness|slickness|mastery|delicacy|knack|facility|artistry|sleight of hand|craft|finesse|felicity|niftiness|wizardry|shrewdness|astuteness|sharp-wittedness|sharpness|acuteness|acumen|acuity|intelligence|ingenuity|inventiveness|cleverness|smartness|sensitivity|alertness|wit|canniness|common sense|discernment|insight|understanding|penetration|perception|perceptiveness|perspicacity|perspicaciousness|discrimination|sagacity|sageness|cunning|artfulness|craftiness|wiliness|calculation|calculatedness|nous|horse sense|savvy|sapience|arguteness

origin:
early 16th century (in the sense ‘mental adroitness’): from French dextérité, from Latin dexteritas, from dexter ‘on the right’.


word: DEXTEROUS
russian_word: ловкий
example: a dexterous keyboard player
definition: showing or having skill, especially with the hands.
antonyms: clumsy|stupid
origin: early 17th century (in the sense ‘mentally adroit’): from Latin dexter ‘on the right’ + -ous.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɛkst(ə)rəs
phonetics_text: ˈdɛkst(ə)rəs
synonyms:
deft|adept|adroit|agile|nimble|neat|nimble-fingered|handy|able|capable|talented|skilful|skilled|proficient|accomplished|expert|experienced|practised|polished|efficient|effortless|slick|professional|masterful|masterly|impressive|finely judged|delicate|nifty|nippy|mean|wicked|ace|wizard|crack|habile|shrewd|ingenious|inventive|clever|intelligent|bright|brilliant|smart|sharp|sharp-witted|razor-sharp|acute|quick|quick-witted|astute|canny|intuitive|discerning|perceptive|perspicacious|insightful|incisive|sagacious|wise|judicious|cunning|artful|crafty|wily|calculating|on the ball|quick off the mark|quick on the uptake|brainy|streetwise|savvy|suss|heads-up|long-headed|argute|sapient


word: DEXTROROTATORY
russian_word: правовращающим
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɛkstrəʊˈrəʊtət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˌdɛkstrəʊˈrəʊtət(ə)ri
definition:
(of a compound) having the property of rotating the plane of a polarized light ray to the right, i.e. clockwise facing the oncoming radiation.


word: DHARNA
russian_word: дхарна
origin: from Hindi dharnā ‘sitting in restraint, placing’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdəːnə
phonetics_text: ˈdəːnə|ˈdəːnɑː
definition:
a mode of compelling payment or compliance, by sitting at the debtor's or offender's door until the demand is complied with.


word: DIABASE
russian_word: диабаз
definition: another term for dolerite.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəbeɪs
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəbeɪs
origin:
mid 19th century (originally denoting diorite): from French, formed irregularly as if from di- ‘two’ + base ‘base’ (thus ‘rock with two bases’, referring to the base minerals of diorite), but associated later perhaps with Greek diabasis ‘transition’.


word: DIABETES
russian_word: диабет
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪəˈbiːtiːz
phonetics_text: dʌɪəˈbiːtiːz
definition:
a disease in which the body’s ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood.

origin:
mid 16th century: via Latin from Greek, literally ‘siphon’, from diabainein ‘go through’; mellitus is from Latin mellitus ‘sweet’.


word: DIABOLICAL
russian_word: дьявольский
example: his diabolical cunning|a singer with an absolutely diabolical voice
antonyms: excellent
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪəˈbɒlɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: dʌɪəˈbɒlɪk(ə)l
definition:
characteristic of the Devil, or so evil as to be suggestive of the Devil.|disgracefully bad or unpleasant.

synonyms:
devilish|diabolic|fiendish|satanic|Mephistophelian|demonic|demoniacal|hellish|infernal|evil|wicked|ungodly|unholy|cacodemonic

origin:
late Middle English (as diabolic ): from Old French diabolique or ecclesiastical Latin diabolicus, from diabolus ‘devil’; the form diabolical dates from the early 16th century.


word: DIABOLO
russian_word: диаболо
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈabələʊ
phonetics_text: dɪˈabələʊ|dʌɪˈabələʊ
definition:
a game in which a two-headed top is thrown up and caught with a string stretched between two sticks.

origin:
early 20th century: from Italian, from ecclesiastical Latin diabolus ‘devil’; the game was formerly called devil on two sticks .


word: DIACHRONIC
russian_word: диахронический
example: the census is also a diachronic data set
origin: mid 19th century: from dia- ‘through’ + Greek khronos ‘time’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈkrɒnɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈkrɒnɪk
definition:
concerned with the way in which something, especially language, has developed and evolved through time.


word: DIADEM
russian_word: диадема
definition: a jewelled crown or headband worn as a symbol of sovereignty.
synonyms: crown|coronet|tiara|circlet|chaplet|headpiece|headband|fillet|wreath|garland|coronal|taj
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪədɛm
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪədɛm
origin:
Middle English: from Old French diademe, via Latin from Greek diadēma ‘the regal headband of the Persian kings’, from diadein ‘bind round’.


word: DIAERESIS
russian_word: трема
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɪərɪsɪs
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɪərɪsɪs|dʌɪˈɛrɪsɪs
definition:
a mark (¨) placed over a vowel to indicate that it is sounded separately, as in naïve, Brontë.|a natural rhythmic break in a line of verse where the end of a metrical foot coincides with the end of a phrase.

origin:
late 16th century (denoting the division of one syllable into two): via Latin from Greek diairesis ‘separation’, from diairein ‘take apart’, from dia ‘apart’ + hairein ‘take’.


word: DIAGNOSIS
russian_word: диагностика
example: early diagnosis and treatment are essential
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs
definition:
the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms.|the distinctive characterization in precise terms of a genus, species, or phenomenon.

synonyms:
identification|recognition|discovery|detection|pinpointing|reading|determination|confirmation|verification|opinion|prognosis|judgement|verdict|pronouncement|conclusion|interpretation|solution|result

origin:
late 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek, from diagignōskein ‘distinguish, discern’, from dia ‘apart’ + gignōskein ‘recognize, know’.


word: DIAGONAL
russian_word: диагональ
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈaɡ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈaɡ(ə)n(ə)l
definition:
(of a straight line) joining two opposite corners of a square, rectangle, or other straight-sided shape.

origin:
mid 16th century: from Latin diagonalis, from Greek diagōnios ‘from angle to angle’, from dia ‘through’ + gōnia ‘angle’.


word: DIAGONALLY
russian_word: по диагонали
example: now walk diagonally across the field towards a farmhouse
definition: in a diagonal direction.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: dʌɪˈaɡ(ə)nəli
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈaɡ(ə)nəli|dʌɪˈaɡən(ə)li
synonyms:
obliquely|at an angle|crossways|crosswise|on the cross|on the slant|slantwise|aslant|cornerwise|on the bias|cater-cornered|cater-corner|catty-cornered|kitty-corner


word: DIAGRAM
russian_word: схема
example: a diagram of the living room
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəɡram
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəɡram
definition:
a simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or workings of something; a schematic representation.

synonyms:
drawing|line drawing|illustration|picture|artist's impression|schematic representation|representation|scale drawing|technical drawing|plan|figure|sketch|draft|outline|delineation|exploded view|cutaway|layout|graphic|schema

origin:
early 17th century: from Latin diagramma, from Greek, from diagraphein ‘mark out by lines’, from dia ‘through’ + graphein ‘write’.


word: DIAGRAMMATIC
russian_word: схематический
example: a diagrammatic representation of the system
definition: of or in the form of a diagram.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəɡrəˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəɡrəˈmatɪk
synonyms:
graphic|graphical|tabular|pictorial|delineative|illustrative|representational|representative|schematic


word: DIAKINESIS
russian_word: диакинез
origin: early 20th century: from dia- ‘through, across’ + Greek kinēsis ‘motion’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəkʌɪˈniːsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəkʌɪˈniːsɪs
definition:
the fifth and last stage of the prophase of meiosis, following diplotene, when the separation of homologous chromosomes is complete and crossing over has occurred.


word: DIAL
russian_word: циферблат
definition: a face of a clock or watch that is marked to show units of time.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dʌɪəl
phonetics_text: dʌɪəl
origin:
Middle English (denoting a mariner's compass): from medieval Latin diale ‘clock dial’, based on Latin dies ‘day’.


word: DIALECT
russian_word: диалект
example: the Lancashire dialect seemed like a foreign language
definition: a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəlɛkt
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəlɛkt
synonyms:
regional language|local language|local tongue|local speech|local parlance|variety of language|vernacular|patois|non-standard language|idiom|regionalisms|localisms|provincialisms|lingo|local lingo|-ese|-speak|acrolect|basilect|sociolect|idiolect

origin:
mid 16th century (denoting the art of investigating the truth of opinions): from French dialecte, or via Latin from Greek dialektos ‘discourse, way of speaking’, from dialegesthai ‘converse with’ (see dialogue).


word: DIALECTIC
russian_word: диалектический
synonyms: reasoning|argumentation|contention|logic|discussion|debate|dialogue|logical argument|ratiocination
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈlɛktɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈlɛktɪk
definition:
the art of investigating or discussing the truth of opinions.|inquiry into metaphysical contradictions and their solutions.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French dialectique or Latin dialectica, from Greek dialektikē (tekhnē) ‘(art) of debate’, from dialegesthai ‘converse with’ (see dialogue).


word: DIALECTICIAN
russian_word: диалектик
definition: a person skilled in philosophical debate.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəlɛkˈtɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəlɛkˈtɪʃ(ə)n
origin:
mid 16th century: from French dialecticien, from Latin dialecticus, based on Greek dialegesthai ‘converse with’.


word: DIALOGISM
russian_word: диалогизм
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈalədʒɪz(ə)m
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈalədʒɪz(ə)m
definition:
the use in a text of different tones or viewpoints, whose interaction or contradiction are important to the text's interpretation.

origin:
mid 16th century: from late Latin dialogismos, from Greek dialogizesthai ‘to converse’, from dialogos ‘discourse’ (see dialogue).


word: DIALOGUE
russian_word: диалог
example: the book consisted of a series of dialogues
definition: a conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play, or film.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəlɒɡ
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəlɒɡ
synonyms:
conversation|talk|communication|interchange|discourse|argument|chat|chatter|chit-chat|chitter-chatter|gossip|jawing|gassing|gabbing|nattering|chinwagging|convo|confabulation|converse|interlocution|duologue|colloquy|script|text|screenplay|speech|lines|words|parts|spoken parts

origin:
Middle English: from Old French dialoge, via Latin from Greek dialogos, from dialegesthai ‘converse with’, from dia ‘through’ + legein ‘speak’.


word: DIALYSATE
russian_word: диализат
definition: the part of a mixture which passes through the membrane in dialysis.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈalɪzeɪt
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈalɪzeɪt
origin:
late 19th century: from dialysis + -ate1; the term originally denoted the part of the mixture which does not pass through the membrane.


word: DIAMAGNETIC
russian_word: диамагнитный
origin: 1846: coined by Faraday, from Greek dia ‘through, across’ + magnetic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəmaɡˈnɛtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəmaɡˈnɛtɪk
definition:
(of a substance or body) tending to become magnetized in a direction at 180° to the applied magnetic field.


word: DIAMETER
russian_word: диаметр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈamɪtə
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈamɪtə
definition:
a straight line passing from side to side through the centre of a body or figure, especially a circle or sphere.|a unit of linear measurement of magnifying power.

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French diametre, via Latin from Greek diametros (grammē) ‘(line) measuring across’, from dia ‘across’ + metron ‘measure’.


word: DIAMETRICAL
russian_word: поперечный
example: he's the diametrical opposite of Gabriel
definition: (of opposites) complete; absolute.|of or along a diameter.
synonyms: direct|absolute|complete|exact|extreme
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈmɛtrɪk(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈmɛtrɪk(ə)l
origin:
mid 16th century (in diametrical (sense 2)): from Greek diametrikos (from diametros ‘measuring across’: see diameter) + -al.


word: DIAPAUSE
russian_word: диапаузой
origin: late 19th century: from dia- ‘through’ + the noun pause.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəpɔːz
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəpɔːz
definition:
a period of suspended development in an insect, other invertebrate, or mammal embryo, especially during unfavourable environmental conditions.


word: DIAPEDESIS
russian_word: диапедез
origin: early 17th century: modern Latin, based on Greek dia ‘through’ + pēdan ‘throb or leap’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəpəˈdiːsɪs
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəpəˈdiːsɪs
definition:
the passage of blood cells through the intact walls of the capillaries, typically accompanying inflammation.


word: DIAPHANOUS
russian_word: прозрачный
example: a diaphanous dress of pale gold
definition: (especially of fabric) light, delicate, and translucent.
antonyms: thick|opaque
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈaf(ə)nəs
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈaf(ə)nəs
synonyms:
sheer|fine|ultra-fine|delicate|light|lightweight|thin|insubstantial|floaty|flimsy|filmy|silken|chiffony|gossamer|gossamery|gossamer-thin|gossamer-like|gauzy|gauze-like|cobwebby|feathery|translucent|transparent|see-through|transpicuous|translucid

origin:
early 17th century: from medieval Latin diaphanus, from Greek diaphanēs, from dia ‘through’ + phainein ‘to show’.


word: DIAPHONE
russian_word: диафон
origin: early 20th century: from Greek dia ‘through’ + phōnē ‘sound’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəfəʊn
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəfəʊn
definition:
a low-pitched fog signal operated by compressed air, characterized by the ‘grunt’ which ends each note.


word: DIAPIR
russian_word: диапир
definition: a domed rock formation in which a core of rock has moved upward to pierce the overlying strata.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəpɪə
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəpɪə
origin:
early 20th century: from Greek diapeirainein ‘pierce through’, from dia ‘through’ + peirainein (from peran ‘pierce’).


word: DIARRHOEA
russian_word: диарея
example: a range of symptoms including diarrhoea and vomiting
definition: a condition in which faeces are discharged from the bowels frequently and in a liquid form.
antonyms: constipation
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈrɪə
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈrɪə
synonyms:
loose motions|looseness of the bowels|the skitters|the runs|the trots|Spanish tummy|Delhi belly|Montezuma's revenge|Aztec revenge|Aztec two-step|holiday tummy|gippy tummy|the squits|turista|dysentery|lientery|the flux|lax

origin:
late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek diarrhoia, from diarrhein ‘flow through’, from dia ‘through’ + rhein ‘to flow’.


word: DIARY
russian_word: дневник
definition: a book in which one keeps a daily record of events and experiences.
origin: late 16th century: from Latin diarium, from dies ‘day’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəri
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəri
synonyms:
journal|memoir|chronicle|log|logbook|weblog|blog|vlog|day-by-day account|daily record|history|annal|record|moblog|daybook


word: DIASTEMA
russian_word: диастема
origin: mid 19th century: via late Latin from Greek diastēma ‘space between’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈstiːmə
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈstiːmə|dʌɪˈastɪmə
definition:
a space separating teeth of different functions, especially that between the biting teeth (incisors and canines) and grinding teeth (premolars and molars) in rodents and ungulates.


word: DIASTOLE
russian_word: диастола
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈastəli
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈastəli
definition:
the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.

origin:
late 16th century: via late Latin from Greek, ‘separation, expansion’, from diastellein, from dia ‘apart’ + stellein ‘to place’.


word: DIASTOLIC
russian_word: диастолический
example: consistently high diastolic pressure could lead to organ damage
origin: late 17th century: from diastole + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪəˈstɒlɪk
phonetics_text: dʌɪəˈstɒlɪk
definition:
relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.


word: DIATHERMY
russian_word: диатермия
origin: early 20th century: from dia- ‘through’ + Greek thermon ‘heat’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəˌθəːmi
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəˌθəːmi
definition:
a medical and surgical technique involving the production of heat in a part of the body by high-frequency electric currents, to stimulate the circulation, relieve pain, destroy unhealthy tissue, or cause bleeding vessels to clot.


word: DIATHESIS
russian_word: диатез
example: a bleeding diathesis
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈaθəsɪs
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈaθəsɪs
definition:
a tendency to suffer from a particular medical condition.|the set of syntactic patterns with which a verb or other word is most typically associated.

origin:
mid 17th century: modern Latin, from Greek, ‘disposition’, from diatithenai ‘arrange’. diathesis (sense 2) dates from the mid 20th century.


word: DIATOM
russian_word: диатомовый
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪətəm
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪətəm
definition:
a single-celled alga which has a cell wall of silica. Many kinds are planktonic, and extensive fossil deposits have been found.

origin:
mid 19th century: from modern Latin Diatoma (genus name), from Greek diatomos ‘cut in two’, from diatemnein ‘to cut through’.


word: DIATRIBE
russian_word: диатриба
example: a diatribe against consumerism
definition: a forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪətrʌɪb
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪətrʌɪb
synonyms:
tirade|harangue|verbal onslaught|verbal attack|stream of abuse|denunciation|broadside|fulmination|condemnation|criticism|stricture|reproof|reproval|reprimand|rebuke|admonishment|admonition|invective|upbraiding|vituperation|abuse|castigation|tongue-lashing|knocking|slamming|panning|bashing|blast|flak|slating|philippic|obloquy

origin:
late 16th century (denoting a disquisition): from French, via Latin from Greek diatribē ‘spending of time, discourse’, from dia ‘through’ + tribein ‘rub’.


word: DIAZONIUM
russian_word: диазоний
example: a diazonium salt
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈzəʊnɪəm
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈzəʊnɪəm
definition:
an organic cation containing the group —N2+ bonded to an organic group. Aromatic diazonium compounds are typically intensely coloured and include many synthetic dyes.

origin:
late 19th century: coined in German from diazo- (indicating the presence of two nitrogen atoms) + the suffix -onium (from ammonium).


word: DICEY
russian_word: рискованный
example: food supplies have been dicey in recent months
definition: unpredictable and potentially dangerous.
antonyms: safe|simple
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌɪsi
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪsi
synonyms:
risky|uncertain|unpredictable|touch-and-go|precarious|unsafe|dangerous|perilous|high-risk|hazardous|fraught with danger|tricky|ticklish|delicate|difficult|awkward|thorny|problematical|problematic|unchancy|chancy|hairy|sticky|iffy|dodgy|gnarly|parlous


word: DICHOGAMY
russian_word: дихогамия
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek dikho- ‘apart, in two’ + gamos ‘marriage’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈkɒɡəmi
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈkɒɡəmi
definition:
the ripening of the stamens and pistils of a flower at different times, so that self-fertilization is prevented.


word: DICHOTIC
russian_word: двоичный
origin: early 20th century: from Greek dikho- ‘apart’ + ous, ōt- ‘ear’ + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈkɒtɪk
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈkɒtɪk
definition:
involving or relating to the simultaneous stimulation of the right and left ear by different sounds.


word: DICHOTOMY
russian_word: дихотомия
example: a rigid dichotomy between science and mysticism
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈkɒtəmi
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈkɒtəmi|dɪˈkɒtəmi
definition:
a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different.|repeated branching into two equal parts.

synonyms:
division|separation|divorce|split|gulf|chasm|difference|contrast|disjunction|polarity|lack of consistency|contradiction|antagonism|conflict|contrariety

origin:
late 16th century: via modern Latin from Greek dikhotomia, from dikho- ‘in two, apart’ + -tomia (see -tomy).


word: DICHROIC
russian_word: дихроичное
origin: mid 19th century: from Greek dikhroos (from di- ‘twice’ + khrōs ‘colour’) + -ic.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈkrəʊɪk
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈkrəʊɪk
definition:
(of a crystal) showing different colours when viewed from different directions, or (more generally) having different absorption coefficients for light polarized in different directions.


word: DICKY
russian_word: Дикки
definition: a false shirt front.|a folding outside seat at the back of a vehicle.|the boot of a car.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪki
phonetics_text: ˈdɪki
origin:
mid 18th century (denoting a petticoat): each sense probably has different origins; perhaps partly from Dicky, pet form of the given name Richard .


word: DICOTYLEDON
russian_word: двудольное растение
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪkɒtɪˈliːd(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪkɒtɪˈliːd(ə)n
definition:
a flowering plant with an embryo that bears two cotyledons (seed leaves). Dicotyledons constitute the larger of the two great divisions of flowering plants, and typically have broad stalked leaves with netlike veins (e.g. daisies, hawthorns, oaks).

origin:
early 18th century: from modern Latin dicotyledones (plural), from di- ‘two’ + cotyledon (see cotyledon).


word: DICTATE
russian_word: диктовать
example: the tsar's attempts to dictate policy|I have four letters to dictate
antonyms: write
part_of_speech: verb|noun
definition:
state or order authoritatively.|say or read aloud (words to be typed, written down, or recorded on tape).

synonyms:
give orders to|order about|order around|boss (about)|boss (around)|impose one's will on|lord it over|bully|domineer|dominate|tyrannize|oppress|ride roughshod over|control|pressurize|browbeat|lay down the law|act the tin god|push about|push around|bulldoze|walk all over|call the shots|throw one's weight about|throw one's weight around

phonetic:
late 16th century (in dictate (sense 2 of the verb)): from Latin dictat- ‘dictated’, from the verb dictare .


word: DICTATOR
russian_word: диктатор
definition: a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin, from dictat- ‘dictated’, from the verb dictare (see dictate).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪkˈteɪtə
phonetics_text: dɪkˈteɪtə
synonyms:
autocrat|monocrat|absolute ruler|tyrant|despot|oppressor|absolutist|totalitarian|authoritarian|supremo|Big Brother|autarch


word: DICTATORIAL
russian_word: диктаторский
example: a dictatorial regime
definition: of or typical of a ruler with total power.
antonyms: democratic
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪktəˈtɔːrɪəl
phonetics_text: dɪktəˈtɔːrɪəl
synonyms:
autocratic|monocratic|undemocratic|totalitarian|authoritarian|despotic|tyrannical|tyrannous|absolute|unrestricted|unlimited|unaccountable|arbitrary|omnipotent|all-powerful|supreme|autarchic|autarchical


word: DICTATORSHIP
russian_word: диктатура
example: the effects of forty years of dictatorship
definition: government by a dictator.
antonyms: democracy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪkˈteɪtəʃɪp
phonetics_text: dɪkˈteɪtəʃɪp
synonyms:
absolute rule|undemocratic rule|despotism|autocracy|tyranny|authoritarianism|totalitarianism|absolutism|Fascism|oppression|suppression|repression|subjugation|domination


word: DICTION
russian_word: дикция
example: Wordsworth campaigned against exaggerated poetic diction|she began imitating his careful diction
origin: mid 16th century (denoting a word or phrase): from Latin dictio(n- ), from dicere ‘to say’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˈdɪkʃ(ə)n
definition:
the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.|the style of enunciation in speaking or singing.

synonyms:
phraseology|phrasing|turn of phrase|choice of words|wording|language|parlance|usage|vocabulary|terminology|expression|idiom|style|locution|lingo|idiolect


word: DICTIONARY
russian_word: словарь
example: I'll look up 'love' in the dictionary
synonyms: lexicon|wordbook|glossary|vocabulary list|vocabulary|word list|wordfinder
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪkʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdɪkʃ(ə)n(ə)ri
definition:
a book or electronic resource that lists the words of a language (typically in alphabetical order) and gives their meaning, or gives the equivalent words in a different language, often also providing information about pronunciation, origin, and usage.

origin:
early 16th century: from medieval Latin dictionarium (manuale ) or dictionarius (liber ) ‘manual or book of words’, from Latin dictio (see diction).


word: DICTUM
russian_word: изречение
example: the dicta of High Court Judges
definition: a formal pronouncement from an authoritative source.
origin: late 16th century: from Latin, literally ‘something said’, neuter past participle of dicere .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪktəm
phonetics_text: ˈdɪktəm
synonyms:
pronouncement|proclamation|direction|injunction|assertion|statement|dictate|command|commandment|mandate|order|decree|edict|fiat|promulgation|precept|requirement|stipulation|instruction|law|ordinance|rule|regulation|ukase|pronunciamento|rescript|firman|decretal|irade


word: DIDACTIC
russian_word: дидактический
example: a didactic novel that set out to expose social injustice
definition: intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive.
origin: mid 17th century: from Greek didaktikos, from didaskein ‘teach’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈdaktɪk
phonetics_text: dɪˈdaktɪk|dʌɪˈdaktɪk
synonyms:
instructive|instructional|educational|educative|informative|informational|doctrinal|preceptive|teaching|pedagogic|academic|scholastic|tuitional|edifying|improving|enlightening|illuminating|heuristic|pedantic|moralistic|homiletic|propaedeutic


word: DIDGERIDOO
russian_word: диджериду
origin: 1920s: imitative; from an Aboriginal language of Arnhem Land.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪdʒ(ə)rɪˈduː
phonetics_text: ˌdɪdʒ(ə)rɪˈduː
definition:
an Australian Aboriginal wind instrument in the form of a long wooden tube, traditionally made from a hollow branch, which is blown to produce a deep, resonant sound, varied by rhythmic accents of timbre and volume.


word: DIDYMIUM
russian_word: дидим
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈdɪmɪəm
phonetics_text: dɪˈdɪmɪəm
definition:
a mixture containing the rare earth elements praseodymium and neodymium, used to colour glass for optical filters. It was originally regarded as a single element.

origin:
mid 19th century: from Greek didumos ‘twin’ (because it was closely associated with lanthanum) + -ium (used as a suffix for new metals).


word: DIE
russian_word: умереть
example: he died of tuberculosis|they must be dying for a drink
definition: (of a person, animal, or plant) stop living.|be very eager for something.|have an orgasm.
antonyms: live|survive
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse deyja, of Germanic origin; related to dead.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪ
phonetics_text: dʌɪ
synonyms:
pass away|pass on|lose one's life|depart this life|expire|breathe one's last|draw one's last breath|meet one's end|meet one's death|lay down one's life|be no more|perish|be lost|go the way of the flesh|go the way of all flesh|go to glory|go to one's last resting place|go to meet one's maker|cross the great divide|cross the Styx|give up the ghost|kick the bucket|bite the dust|croak|flatline|conk out|buy it|turn up one's toes|cash in one's chips|go belly up|shuffle off this mortal coil|go the way of the dinosaurs|push up the daisies|be six feet under|snuff it|peg out|pop one's clogs|hop the twig/stick|bite the big one|buy the farm|check out|hand in one's dinner pail|go bung|exit|decease


word: DIEBACK
russian_word: отмирание
example: any sign of browning or other discoloration could be the onset of dieback
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪbak
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪbak
definition:
a condition in which a tree or shrub begins to die from the tip of its leaves or roots backwards, owing to disease or an unfavourable environment.


word: DIEHARD
russian_word: несгибаемых
example: a diehard Yankees fan
definition: a person who strongly opposes change or who continues to support something in spite of opposition.
antonyms: modernizer
origin: mid 19th century: from die hard (see die1).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪhɑːd
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪhɑːd
synonyms:
hard-line|hardcore|reactionary|ultra-conservative|conservative|traditionalist|unprogressive|dyed-in-the-wool|deep-dyed|long-standing|staunch|steadfast|intransigent|inflexible|immovable|unchanging|uncompromising|unyielding|indomitable|adamant|rigid|entrenched|set in one's ways|blimpish|true-blue|hardliner|fanatic|zealot|true blue|stick-in-the-mud|gammon|blimp


word: DIELDRIN
russian_word: диэлдрин
origin: 1940s: blend of the name Diels (see Diels–Alder reaction) + aldrin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːldrɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdiːldrɪn
definition:
a toxic insecticide produced by the oxidation of aldrin, now largely banned because of its persistence in the environment.


word: DIELECTRIC
russian_word: диэлектрик
definition: having the property of transmitting electric force without conduction; insulating.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪɪˈlɛktrɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪɪˈlɛktrɪk
origin:
mid 19th century: from di-3 + electric, literally ‘across which electricity is transmitted (without conduction)’.


word: DIENCEPHALON
russian_word: промежуточный мозг
origin: late 19th century: from di-3 ‘across’ + Greek enkephalos ‘brain’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪɛnˈsɛf(ə)lɒn
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪɛnˈsɛf(ə)lɒn|ˌdʌɪɛnˈkɛf(ə)lɒn
definition:
the caudal (posterior) part of the forebrain, containing the epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, and ventral thalamus and the third ventricle.


word: DIESIS
russian_word: знак сноски в виде двойного крестика
definition: the double dagger symbol ‡.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪɪsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪɪsɪs
origin:
late Middle English: Latin, from Greek diēsis, from diienai ‘send through’, from dia ‘through’ + ienai ‘send’.


word: DIESTOCK
russian_word: клупп
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪstɒk
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪstɒk
definition:
a hand tool used in the cutting of external screw threads, consisting of a holder for the die which is turned using long handles.


word: DIET
russian_word: диета
example: a vegetarian diet|I'm going on a diet
antonyms: binge
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdʌɪət
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪət
definition:
the kinds of food that a person, animal, or community habitually eats.|a special course of food to which a person restricts themselves, either to lose weight or for medical reasons.

synonyms:
selection of food|food and drink|food|foodstuffs|provisions|edibles|fare|menu|table|meals|nourishment|nutriment|sustenance|grub|nosh|eats|chow|scoff|comestibles|provender|aliment|victuals|vittles|viands|commons

origin:
Middle English: from Old French diete (noun), dieter (verb), via Latin from Greek diaita ‘a way of life’.


word: DIETETIC
russian_word: диетический
example: experienced dietetic advice
definition: concerned with diet and nutrition.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈtɛtɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈtɛtɪk
origin:
mid 16th century (as a noun in the sense ‘dietetics’): via Latin from Greek diaitētikos, from diaita ‘a way of life’.


word: DIFF
russian_word: разница
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪf
phonetics_text: dɪf
example:
the drawback to this is that the diff does not indicate metadata changes|what is the diff between monkeys and apes?

definition:
a program that compares files in order to determine how or whether they differ.|a set of gears allowing a motor vehicle's driven wheels to revolve at different speeds when going around corners; a differential gear.|a difference.


word: DIFFER
russian_word: отличаться
example: the second set of data differed from the first
definition: be unlike or dissimilar.
antonyms: coincide|resemble
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɪfə
phonetics_text: ˈdɪfə
synonyms:
vary|be different|be unlike|be dissimilar|be distinguishable|diverge|deviate from|depart from|run counter to|contradict|contrast with|conflict with|be incompatible with|be at odds with|be in opposition to|go against

origin:
late Middle English (also in the sense ‘put off, defer’): from Old French differer ‘differ, defer’, from Latin differre, from dis- ‘from, away’ + ferre ‘bring, carry’. Compare with defer1.


word: DIFFERENCE
russian_word: разница
example: the differences between men and women|the couple are patching up their differences
definition: a point or way in which people or things are dissimilar.|a disagreement, quarrel, or dispute.
antonyms: similarity
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin differentia (see differentia).
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)ns
synonyms:
dissimilarity|contrast|distinction|distinctness|differentiation|variance|variation|variability|divergence|deviation|polarity|gulf|breach|gap|split|disparity|imbalance|unevenness|incongruity|contradiction|contradistinction|nonconformity|unlikeness|contrariety|dissimilitude


word: DIFFERENT
russian_word: другой
example: you can play this game in different ways|on two different occasions
definition: not the same as another or each other; unlike in nature, form, or quality.|distinct; separate.
antonyms: similar
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪf(ə)r(ə)nt
synonyms:
dissimilar|unalike|unlike|non-identical|contrasting|divergent|disparate|poles apart|incompatible|mismatched|inconsistent|opposed|at variance|at odds|clashing|conflicting|contradictory|contrary|like chalk and cheese|contrastive

origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin different- ‘carrying away, differing’, from the verb differre (see differ).


word: DIFFERENTIAL
russian_word: дифференциал
example: the differential achievements of boys and girls
definition: of, showing, or depending on a difference; varying according to circumstances or relevant factors.
antonyms: similar|the same
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃ(ə)l
synonyms:
distinctive|different|dissimilar|contrasting|divergent|disparate|contrastive|distinguishing|discriminating|discriminatory

origin:
mid 17th century: from medieval Latin differentialis, from Latin differentia ‘difference’ (see differentia).


word: DIFFERENTIATE
russian_word: дифференцировать
synonyms: transform|metamorphose|evolve|convert|change|become different|modify|alter|adapt
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪeɪt
phonetics_text: ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪeɪt
example:
children can differentiate the past from the present|the receptors are developed and differentiated into sense organs

definition:
recognize or ascertain what makes (someone or something) different.|make or become different in the process of growth or development.|transform (a function) into its derivative.

origin:
early 19th century: from medieval Latin differentiat- ‘carried away from’, from the verb differentiare, from differentia (see differentia).


word: DIFFERENTIATION
russian_word: дифференциация
example: packaging can be a source of product differentiation
definition: the action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between two or more things or people.
antonyms: association
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪfərɛnʃɪˈeɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdɪfərɛnʃɪˈeɪʃn
synonyms:
distinction|distinctness|disparity|polarity|contrast|difference|divergence|separation|demarcation|delimitation


word: DIFFERENTIATOR
russian_word: дифференциатор
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪeɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪeɪtə
example:
the real differentiator between the two is the size|in mammals, the Y chromosome is the principal sex differentiator|an optical feedback loop with a differentiator is required

definition:
something that enables a difference or distinction to be made.|an organ or substance that induces or controls differentiation.|a device or circuit that outputs an electrical signal proportional to the rate of change of the input signal.


word: DIFFICULT
russian_word: трудный
example: she had a difficult decision to make
definition: needing much effort or skill to accomplish, deal with, or understand.
antonyms: easy|straightforward|simple
origin: late Middle English: back-formation from difficulty.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪfɪk(ə)lt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪfɪk(ə)lt
synonyms:
hard|strenuous|arduous|laborious|heavy|tough|onerous|burdensome|demanding|punishing|gruelling|grinding|back-breaking|painful|exhausting|tiring|fatiguing|wearing|wearying|wearisome|hellish|killing|knackering|toilsome|exigent|problematic|puzzling|baffling|perplexing|confusing|mystifying|mysterious|complicated|complex|involved|intricate|knotty|thorny|ticklish|obscure|abstract|abstruse|recondite|enigmatic|impenetrable|unfathomable|over one's head|above one's head|beyond one|fiddly|sticky|no picnic|gnarly|wildering|involute|involuted


word: DIFFICULTY
russian_word: трудность
example: Guy had no difficulty in making friends
definition: the state or condition of being difficult.
antonyms: ease|simplicity
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪfɪk(ə)lti
phonetics_text: ˈdɪfɪk(ə)lti
synonyms:
strain|struggling|awkwardness|trouble|toil|labour|laboriousness|strenuousness|arduousness|pains|problems|trials and tribulations|hassle|stress|dolour|travails|complexity|complicatedness|intricacy|perplexity|knottiness|difficultness|trickiness|hardness|obscurity|abstruseness

origin:
late Middle English (in the senses ‘requiring effort or skill’ and ‘something difficult’): from Latin difficultas, from dis- (expressing reversal) + facultas ‘ability, opportunity’.


word: DIFFIDENCE
russian_word: неуверенность в себе
example: I say this with some diffidence
definition: modesty or shyness resulting from a lack of self-confidence.
antonyms: confidence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪfɪd(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɪfɪd(ə)ns
synonyms:
shyness|bashfulness|unassertiveness|modesty|modestness|self-effacement|humility|humbleness|meekness|timidity|timidness|timorousness|reserve|reticence|introversion|insecurity|self-doubt|apprehension|uncertainty|hesitancy|nervousness|reluctance|restraint|inhibition|unease|uneasiness|self-consciousness|shame|embarrassment|sheepishness


word: DIFFIDENT
russian_word: неуверенный в себе
example: a diffident youth
definition: modest or shy because of a lack of self-confidence.
antonyms: confident|conceited
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪfɪd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪfɪd(ə)nt
synonyms:
shy|bashful|modest|self-effacing|unassuming|unpresuming|humble|meek|unconfident|unassertive|timid|timorous|shrinking|reserved|withdrawn|introverted|inhibited|insecure|self-doubting|doubtful|wary|unsure|apprehensive|uncertain|hesitant|nervous|reluctant|fearful|self-conscious|ill at ease|ashamed|abashed|embarrassed|shamefaced|sheepish|mim|mousy

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘lacking confidence or trust in someone or something’): from Latin diffident- ‘failing in trust’, from the verb diffidere, from dis- (expressing reversal) + fidere ‘to trust’.


word: DIFFRACT
russian_word: дифрагировать
example: experiments found that a beam of electrons could be diffracted like light
definition: cause to undergo diffraction.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈfrakt
phonetics_text: dɪˈfrakt
origin:
early 19th century: from Latin diffract- ‘broken in pieces’, from the verb diffringere, from dis- ‘away, from’ + frangere ‘to break’.


word: DIFFRACTOMETER
russian_word: дифрактометр
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪfrakˈtɒmɪtə
phonetics_text: ˌdɪfrakˈtɒmɪtə
definition:
an instrument for measuring diffraction, chiefly used to determine the structure of a crystal by analysis of the diffraction of X-rays.


word: DIFFUSE
russian_word: диффузный
example: technologies diffuse rapidly
definition: spread over a wide area or between a large number of people.
antonyms: concentrate|collect
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
synonyms:
spread|spread out|spread around|send out|scatter|disperse|disseminate|distribute|dispense|put about|circulate|communicate|impart|purvey|propagate|transmit|broadcast|promulgate|bruit abroad

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin diffus- ‘poured out’, from the verb diffundere, from dis- ‘away’ + fundere ‘pour’; the adjective via French diffus or Latin diffusus ‘extensive’, from diffundere .


word: DIFFUSION
russian_word: диффузия
example: the rapid diffusion of ideas and technology
definition: the spreading of something more widely.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈfjuːʒ(ə)n
synonyms:
spreading|scattering|dispersal|dispersing|dissemination|disseminating|distribution|distributing|circulation|circulating|putting about|propagation|transmission|broadcasting|broadcast|promulgation|issuance|bruiting

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘pouring out, effusion’): from Latin diffusio(n- ), from diffundere ‘pour out’.


word: DIFFUSIVITY
russian_word: коэффициент диффузии
example: the diffusivity of heat
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪfjuːˈsɪvɪti
phonetics_text: ˌdɪfjuːˈsɪvɪti
definition:
a measure of the capability of a substance or energy to be diffused or to allow something to pass by diffusion.


word: DIG
russian_word: копать
example: the boar had been digging for roots|he dug his hands into his pockets|I really dig heavy rock
antonyms: dislike
origin: Middle English: perhaps from Old English dīc ‘ditch’.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪɡ
phonetics_text: dɪɡ
definition:
break up and move earth with a tool or machine, or with hands, paws, snout, etc.|push or poke sharply.|like, appreciate, or understand.

synonyms:
cultivate|till|harrow|plough|turn over|work|break up|spade|delve|break up soil|break up earth|break up ground|move soil/earth


word: DIGAMMA
russian_word: дигамма
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɡamə
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɡamə
definition:
the sixth letter of the early Greek alphabet ( Ϝ, ϝ ), probably pronounced as ‘w’. It became obsolete before the Classical period.

origin:
late 17th century: via Latin from Greek, from di- ‘twice’ + gamma (because of the shape of the letter, resembling gamma (Γ) with an extra stroke).


word: DIGASTRIC
russian_word: двубрюшный
definition: each of a pair of muscles which run under the jaw and act to open it.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɡastrɪk
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɡastrɪk
origin:
late 17th century: from modern Latin digastricus, from di- ‘twice’ + Greek gastēr ‘belly’ (because the muscle has two fleshy parts or ‘bellies’ at an angle, connected by a tendon).


word: DIGEST
russian_word: дайджест
example: Leonora digested this piece of news with mixed feelings
synonyms: break down|dissolve|assimilate|absorb|take in|take up
part_of_speech: verb|noun
definition:
break down (food) in the alimentary canal into substances that can be absorbed and used by the body.|understand or assimilate (information) by a period of reflection.

phonetic:
late Middle English: from Latin digest- ‘distributed, dissolved, digested’, from the verb digerere, from di- ‘apart’ + gerere ‘carry’; the noun from Latin digesta ‘matters methodically arranged’, from digestus ‘divided’, from digerere .


word: DIGESTER
russian_word: автоклав
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈdʒɛstə
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈdʒɛstə
definition:
a container in which substances are treated with heat, enzymes, or a solvent in order to promote decomposition or extract essential components.


word: DIGESTIVE
russian_word: пищеварительный
example: digestive disorders
definition: relating to the process of digesting food.
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈdʒɛstɪv
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈdʒɛstɪv|dɪˈdʒɛstɪv
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French digestif, -ive or Latin digestivus, from digest- ‘digested’, from the verb digerere (see digest).


word: DIGHT
russian_word: Дайт
definition: clothed or equipped.
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: dʌɪt
phonetics_text: dʌɪt
origin:
Middle English: past participle of archaic dight  ‘order, deal with’, based on Latin dictare ‘compose (in language), order’. The wide and varied use of the word in Middle English is reflected dialectally.


word: DIGIT
russian_word: цифра
definition: any of the numerals from 0 to 9, especially when forming part of a number.|a finger, thumb, or toe.
synonyms: numeral|number|figure|integer|numerical symbol|cipher
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪdʒɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪdʒɪt
origin:
late Middle English: from Latin digitus ‘finger, toe’; digit (sense 1) arose from the practice of counting on the fingers.


word: DIGITALIS
russian_word: дигиталис
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪdʒɪˈteɪlɪs
phonetics_text: ˌdɪdʒɪˈteɪlɪs
definition:
a drug prepared from the dried leaves of foxgloves and containing substances (notably digoxin and digitoxin) that stimulate the heart muscle.

origin:
late 18th century: from the modern Latin genus name of the foxglove, from digitalis (herba) ‘(plant) relating to the finger’, from digitus ‘finger, toe’; suggested by German Fingerhut ‘thimble or foxglove’.


word: DIGITALLY
russian_word: цифровой
definition: by means of digital or computer technology.|with reference to the fingers.
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˈdɪdʒɪt(ə)li
phonetics_text: ˈdɪdʒɪt(ə)li
example:
all our TV shows are recorded digitally|he was the nimble soloist in the violin concerto, digitally dexterous in the final movement


word: DIGITIGRADE
russian_word: пальцеходящие
origin: mid 19th century: from Latin digitus ‘finger, toe’ + -gradus ‘-walking’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪdʒɪtɪˌɡreɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɪdʒɪtɪˌɡreɪd
definition:
(of a mammal) walking on its toes and not touching the ground with its heels, as a dog, cat, or rodent.


word: DIGLOSSIA
russian_word: расщепление языка
origin: 1950s: from Greek diglōssos ‘bilingual’, on the pattern of French diglossie .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɡlɒsɪə
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɡlɒsɪə
definition:
a situation in which two languages (or two varieties of the same language) are used under different conditions within a community, often by the same speakers. The term is usually applied to languages with distinct ‘high’ and ‘low’ (colloquial) varieties, such as Arabic.


word: DIGNIFIED
russian_word: достойный
example: she maintained a dignified silence
definition: having or showing a composed or serious manner that is worthy of respect.
antonyms: undignified
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪɡnɪfʌɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɪɡnɪfʌɪd
synonyms:
stately|noble|courtly|majestic|kingly|distinguished|proud|august|lofty|exalted|regal|lordly|imposing|impressive|grand|solemn|serious|grave|formal|proper|ceremonious|decorous|reserved|composed|sedate|staid|couth|just so|starchy


word: DIGNIFY
russian_word: величать
example: the Americans had dignified their departure with a ceremony
definition: make (something) seem worthy and impressive.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˈdɪɡnɪfʌɪ
phonetics_text: ˈdɪɡnɪfʌɪ
synonyms:
distinguish|add distinction to|add dignity to|honour|bestow honour on|grace|adorn|exalt|enhance|add lustre to|magnify|ennoble|glorify|elevate|make lofty|aggrandize|upgrade

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French dignefier, from late Latin dignificare, from Latin dignus ‘worthy’.


word: DIGNITARY
russian_word: сановник
definition: a person considered to be important because of high rank or office.
antonyms: nonentity
origin: late 17th century: from dignity, on the pattern of the pairs propriety, proprietary .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪɡnɪt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdɪɡnɪt(ə)ri
example:
the guests included former shareholders, local dignitaries, and many of the people directly involved with the project

synonyms:
grandee|important person|VIP|very important person|notable|notability|worthy|personage|luminary|public figure|pillar of society|leading light|leader|panjandrum|famous person|distinguished person|eminent person|eminence|celebrity|celebutante|personality|name|big name|household name|star|superstar|heavyweight|bigwig|biggie|top brass|top dog|Mr Big|big gun|big shot|big noise|big fish|big cheese|big chief|supremo|somebody|someone|celeb|Lord Muck|Lady Muck|nob|big wheel|kahuna|big kahuna|big enchilada|top banana|macher|high muckamuck|high muckety-muck


word: DIGNITY
russian_word: достоинство
example: the dignity of labour|he bowed with great dignity
definition: the state or quality of being worthy of honour or respect.|a composed or serious manner or style.
antonyms: informality
origin: Middle English: from Old French dignete, from Latin dignitas, from dignus ‘worthy’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪɡnɪti
phonetics_text: ˈdɪɡnɪti
synonyms:
stateliness|nobleness|nobility|majesty|regalness|regality|royalness|courtliness|augustness|loftiness|exaltedness|lordliness|impressiveness|grandeur|magnificence|ceremoniousness|formality|decorum|propriety|correctness|righteousness|respectability|worthiness|honourability|integrity|solemnity|gravity|gravitas|reserve|sobriety|sedateness|composure


word: DIGOXIN
russian_word: дигоксин
origin: 1930s: contraction of digitoxin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈdʒɒksɪn
phonetics_text: dɪˈdʒɒksɪn
definition:
a poisonous compound present in the foxglove and other plants. It is a steroid glycoside and is used in small doses as a cardiac stimulant.


word: DIGRESS
russian_word: отвлекаться
example: I have digressed a little from my original plan
definition: leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing.
antonyms: keep/stick to the point
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈɡrɛs
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɡrɛs
synonyms:
deviate|go off at a tangent|diverge|turn aside|turn away|depart|drift|stray|ramble|wander|meander|maunder|get off the subject|stray from the subject|stray from the point|deviate from the topic|get sidetracked|lose the thread|divagate

origin:
early 16th century: from Latin digress- ‘stepped away’, from the verb digredi, from di- ‘aside’ + gradi ‘to walk’.


word: DIGRESSION
russian_word: отступление
example: let's return to the main topic after that brief digression
definition: a temporary departure from the main subject in speech or writing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɡrɛʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɡrɛʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
deviation|detour|diversion|departure|excursus|aside|incidental remark|footnote|parenthesis|deviation from the subject|straying from the topic|straying from the point|going off at a tangent|getting sidetracked|losing one's thread|divergence|straying|drifting|rambling|wandering|meandering|maundering|obiter dictum|excursion|apostrophe|divagation


word: DIGS
russian_word: роет
example: they are looking for new digs
definition: lodgings.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪɡz
phonetics_text: dɪɡz
synonyms:
lodgings|living quarters|quarters|rooms|accommodation|billet|lodging place|bedsit|apartment|house|home|flat|pad|place|abode|dwelling|dwelling place|residence|domicile|habitation

origin:
late 19th century: short for diggings, used in the same sense, probably referring to the land where a farmer digs, i.e. works and, by extension, lives.


word: DILAPIDATED
russian_word: полуразрушенный
example: old, dilapidated buildings
definition: (of a building or object) in a state of disrepair or ruin as a result of age or neglect.
antonyms: smart|intact
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈlapɪdeɪtɪd
phonetics_text: dɪˈlapɪdeɪtɪd
synonyms:
run down|tumbledown|ramshackle|broken-down|in disrepair|shabby|battered|rickety|shaky|unsound|crumbling|in ruins|ruined|decayed|decaying|deteriorating|deteriorated|decrepit|worn out|neglected|uncared-for|untended|unmaintained|badly maintained|the worse for wear|falling to pieces|falling apart|gone to rack and ruin|gone to seed|shambly|slummy|shacky|rumpty


word: DILATANCY
russian_word: дилатансионное
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈleɪt(ə)nsi
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈleɪt(ə)nsi|dɪˈleɪt(ə)nsi
definition:
the phenomenon exhibited by some fluids, sols, and gels in which they become more viscous or solid under pressure.


word: DILATE
russian_word: расширяться
example: her eyes dilated with horror
definition: make or become wider, larger, or more open.
antonyms: contract
synonyms: enlarge|become larger|widen|become wider|expand|distend|swell
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪˈleɪt
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈleɪt|dɪˈleɪt
origin:
late Middle English: from Old French dilater, from Latin dilatare ‘spread out’, from di- ‘apart’ + latus ‘wide’.


word: DILATORY
russian_word: медлительный
example: he had been dilatory in appointing a solicitor
definition: slow to act.
antonyms: fast|prompt
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪlət(ə)ri
phonetics_text: ˈdɪlət(ə)ri
synonyms:
slow|unhurried|tardy|unpunctual|lax|slack|sluggish|sluggardly|snail-like|tortoise-like|lazy|idle|indolent|slothful|lollygagging

origin:
late Middle English: from late Latin dilatorius ‘delaying’, from Latin dilator ‘delayer’, from dilat- ‘deferred’, from the verb differre .


word: DILEMMA
russian_word: дилемма
example: he wants to make money, but he also disapproves of it: Den's dilemma in a nutshell
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈlɛmə
phonetics_text: dɪˈlɛmə|dʌɪˈlɛmə
definition:
a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially ones that are equally undesirable.

synonyms:
quandary|predicament|difficulty|problem|puzzle|conundrum|awkward situation|tricky situation|difficult situation|difficult choice|catch-22|vicious circle|plight|mess|muddle|trouble|perplexity|confusion|conflict|uncertainty|indecision|no-win situation|sticky situation|pickle|fix|spot|tight spot|tight corner|poser|facer|sticky wicket

origin:
early 16th century (denoting a form of argument involving a choice between equally unfavourable alternatives): via Latin from Greek dilēmma, from di- ‘twice’ + lēmma ‘premise’.


word: DILETTANTE
russian_word: дилетант
example: a wealthy literary dilettante
antonyms: professional
synonyms: dabbler|potterer|tinkerer|trifler|dallier|amateur|non-professional|non-specialist|layman|layperson
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪlɪˈtanteɪ
phonetics_text: ˌdɪlɪˈtanteɪ|ˌdɪlɪˈtanti
definition:
a person who cultivates an area of interest, such as the arts, without real commitment or knowledge.

origin:
mid 18th century: from Italian, ‘person loving the arts’, from dilettare ‘to delight’, from Latin delectare .


word: DILIGENCE
russian_word: усердие
example: few party members challenge his diligence as an MP
definition: careful and persistent work or effort.
antonyms: laziness|carelessness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)ns
phonetics_text: ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)ns
synonyms:
conscientiousness|assiduousness|assiduity|industriousness|rigour|rigorousness|punctiliousness|meticulousness|carefulness|thoroughness|sedulousness|attentiveness|heedfulness|earnestness|intentness|studiousness|constancy|perseverance|persistence|tenacity|pertinacity|zeal|zealousness|dedication|commitment|tirelessness|indefatigability|doggedness|industry|hard work|application|effort|concentration|care|attention|laboriousness|continuance|perseveration

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘close attention, caution’): via Old French from Latin diligentia, from diligent- ‘assiduous’ (see diligent).


word: DILIGENT
russian_word: прилежный
example: after diligent searching, he found a parcel
definition: having or showing care and conscientiousness in one's work or duties.
antonyms: lazy|casual
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)nt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪlɪdʒ(ə)nt
synonyms:
industrious|hard-working|assiduous|conscientious|particular|punctilious|meticulous|painstaking|rigorous|exacting|careful|thorough|sedulous|attentive|heedful|intent|earnest|studious|constant|persevering|persistent|tenacious|pertinacious|zealous|dedicated|committed|driven|active|busy|unflagging|untiring|tireless|indefatigable|dogged|plodding|slogging|laborious

origin:
Middle English: via Old French from Latin diligens, diligent- ‘assiduous’, from diligere ‘love, take delight in’.


word: DILL
russian_word: укроп
origin: Old English dile, dyle ; related to Dutch dille and German Dill ; of unknown ultimate origin.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪl
phonetics_text: dɪl
definition:
an aromatic annual herb of the parsley family, with fine blue-green leaves and yellow flowers. The leaves or seeds are used for flavouring and for medicinal purposes.


word: DILLY
russian_word: придурковатый
example: that's a dilly of a breakfast recipe
definition: an excellent example of a particular type of person or thing.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪli
phonetics_text: ˈdɪli
origin:
late 19th century (as an adjective in the sense ‘delightful’): alteration of the first syllable of delightful or delicious.


word: DILUENT
russian_word: разбавитель
definition: a substance used to dilute something.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪljʊənt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪljʊənt
origin:
early 18th century (denoting a medicine used to increase the proportion of water in the blood): from Latin diluent- ‘dissolving’, from the verb diluere .


word: DILUTE
russian_word: разбавлять
example: bleach can be diluted with cold water
definition: make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.
antonyms: concentrate
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin dilut- ‘washed away, dissolved’, from the verb diluere .
part_of_speech: verb|adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈl(j)uːt
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈl(j)uːt|dɪˈl(j)uːt
synonyms:
make weaker|weaken|thin out|thin|make thinner|water down|add water to|mix|doctor|lace|adulterate|cut


word: DILUTIVE
russian_word: разводняющий
example: the dilutive effect of common stock issuances
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈluːtɪv
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈluːtɪv
definition:
causing a reduction in the value of a shareholding due to the issue of additional shares in a company without an increase in assets.


word: DIM
russian_word: тусклый
example: the dim glow of the fire|dim memories|you're just incredibly dim
antonyms: bright
synonyms: faint|weak|feeble|soft|pale|dull|dingy|subdued|muted|flat|lustreless|wishy-washy
origin: Old English dim, dimm, of Germanic origin; related to German dialect timmer .
part_of_speech: adjective|verb
phonetic: dɪm
phonetics_text: dɪm
definition:
(of a light, colour, or illuminated object) not shining brightly or clearly.|not clearly recalled or formulated in the mind.|stupid or slow to understand.


word: DIMENSION
russian_word: измерение
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪˈmɛnʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɛnʃ(ə)n|dʌɪˈmɛnʃ(ə)n
example:
the final dimensions of the pond were 14 ft x 8 ft|we must focus on the cultural dimensions of the problem

definition:
a measurable extent of a particular kind, such as length, breadth, depth, or height.|an aspect or feature of a situation.

synonyms:
proportions|measurements|extent|size|length|width|breadth|depth|area|volume|capacity|footage|acreage

origin:
late Middle English (in dimension (sense 1 of the noun)): via Old French from Latin dimensio(n- ), from dimetiri ‘measure out’. dimension (sense 2 of the noun) dates from the 1920s.


word: DIMERCAPROL
russian_word: димеркапрол
origin: 1940s: from elements of the systematic name (see above).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪməˈkaprɒl
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪməˈkaprɒl
definition:
a colourless, oily liquid with an unpleasant smell, used as an antidote for poisoning by mercury, arsenic, lead, and other heavy metals.


word: DIMETER
russian_word: двухстопный размер
definition: a line of verse consisting of two metrical feet.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪmɪtə
phonetics_text: ˈdɪmɪtə
origin:
late 16th century: via late Latin from Greek dimetros ‘of two measures’, from di- ‘twice’ + metron ‘a measure’.


word: DIMINISH
russian_word: уменьшить
example: the new law is expected to diminish the government's chances
definition: make or become less.
antonyms: increase|flare up|get worse
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈmɪnɪʃ
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɪnɪʃ
synonyms:
decrease|decline|reduce|lessen|shrink|contract|grow smaller|fall off|drop off|slacken off|fall|drop|sink|slump|plummet|plunge|hit the floor|go through the floor|go downhill|curtail|cut|cut down|cut back|prune|pare down|lower|narrow|constrict|restrict|limit|curb|check|blunt|weaken|make weaker|erode|undermine|sap|subside|wane|abate|dwindle|fade|slacken|moderate|ebb|recede|die away|die down|die out|peter out|tail off|cool off|let up|fizzle out|settle down|come to an end|remit

origin:
late Middle English: blend of archaic minish  ‘diminish’ (based on Latin minutia ‘smallness’) and obsolete diminue ‘speak disparagingly’ (based on Latin deminuere ‘lessen’ (in late Latin diminuere ), from minuere ‘make small’).


word: DIMINUTION
russian_word: уменьшение
example: a permanent diminution in value
definition: a reduction in the size, extent, or importance of something.
antonyms: increase|expansion|growth
origin: Middle English: via Old French from Latin deminutio(n- ), from the verb deminuere (see diminish).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪmɪˈnjuːʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: ˌdɪmɪˈnjuːʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
curtailment|curtailing|cutting back|cutback|cut|attenuation|reduction|lessening|lowering|decrease|contraction|constriction|restriction|limitation|limiting|curbing|weakening|undermining|sapping|decline|dwindling|shrinking|fading|failing|slackening|ebb|receding|wane|falling off|loss|erosion|depletion|impoverishment


word: DIMINUTIVE
russian_word: миниатюрный
example: a diminutive figure dressed in black
definition: extremely or unusually small.
antonyms: enormous
part_of_speech: adjective|noun
phonetic: dɪˈmɪnjʊtɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈmɪnjʊtɪv
synonyms:
tiny|small|little|petite|minute|miniature|mini|minuscule|microscopic|nanoscopic|small-scale|compact|pocket|toy|midget|undersized|short|stubby|elfin|dwarfish|dwarf|pygmy|bantam|homuncular|Lilliputian|wee|teeny|weeny|teeny-weeny|teensy-weensy|itty-bitty|itsy-bitsy|dinky|baby|pint-sized|half-pint|sawn-off|knee-high to a grasshopper|titchy|ickle|tiddly|little-bitty|vest-pocket

origin:
late Middle English (as a grammatical term): from Old French diminutif, -ive, from late Latin diminutivus, from Latin deminut- ‘diminished’, from the verb deminuere (see diminish).


word: DIMITY
russian_word: ткань для занавесок
example: a nightcap in white dimity edged with lace
definition: a hard-wearing cotton fabric woven with stripes or checks.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪmɪti
phonetics_text: ˈdɪmɪti
origin:
late Middle English: from Italian dimito or medieval Latin dimitum, from Greek dimitos, from di- ‘twice’ + mitos ‘warp thread’; the origin of the final -y is unknown.


word: DIMPLE
russian_word: ямочка
origin: Middle English: of Germanic origin; related to German Tümpel ‘pond’.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɪmp(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɪmp(ə)l
definition:
a small depression in the flesh, either one that exists permanently or one that forms in the cheeks when one smiles.


word: DIMWIT
russian_word: тупица
definition: a stupid or silly person.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪmwɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdɪmwɪt
synonyms:
fool|idiot|halfwit|nincompoop|blockhead|buffoon|dunce|dolt|ignoramus|cretin|imbecile|dullard|moron|simpleton|clod|dope|ninny|chump|nitwit|goon|dumbo|dummy|dum-dum|dumb-bell|loon|jackass|bonehead|fathead|numbskull|dunderhead|chucklehead|knucklehead|muttonhead|pudding-head|thickhead|wooden-head|airhead|pinhead|lamebrain|pea-brain|birdbrain|zombie|jerk|nerd|dipstick|donkey|noodle|nit|numpty|twit|clot|ass|goat|plonker|berk|prat|pillock|wally|git|wazzock|divvy|nerk|twerp|charlie|mug|muppet|nyaff|balloon|sumph|gowk|gobdaw|schmuck|bozo|boob|lamer|turkey|schlepper|chowderhead|dumbhead|dumbass|goofball|goof|goofus|galoot|dork|lummox|klutz|putz|schlemiel|sap|meatball|gink|cluck|clunk|ding-dong|dingbat|wiener|weeny|dip|simp|spud|coot|palooka|poop|squarehead|yo-yo|dingleberry|wing nut|drongo|dill|alec|galah|nong|bogan|poon|boofhead|mompara|tomfool|noddy|clodpole|loggerhead|spoony|mooncalf|knobhead|asshat


word: DIN
russian_word: дин
example: the fans made an awful din
definition: a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise.
antonyms: silence|quiet
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪn
phonetics_text: dɪn
synonyms:
uproar|racket|loud noise|confused noise|commotion|cacophony|babel|hubbub|tumult|fracas|clangour|crash|clatter|clash|shouting|yelling|screaming|caterwauling|babble|babbling|clamour|outcry|brouhaha|fuss|disturbance|ado|pandemonium|bedlam|chaos|confusion|stramash|hullabaloo|rumpus|ruction|row|vociferation|ululation|charivari

origin:
Old English dyne, dynn (noun), dynian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Old High German tuni (noun) and Old Norse dynr (noun), dynja ‘come rumbling down’.


word: DINAR
russian_word: динар
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdiːnɑː
phonetics_text: ˈdiːnɑː
definition:
the basic monetary unit of Serbia, equal to 100 paras.|the basic monetary unit of certain countries of the Middle East and North Africa, equal to 1000 fils in Jordan, Bahrain, and Iraq, 1000 dirhams in Libya, and 100 centimes in Algeria.|a monetary unit of Iran, equal to one hundredth of a rial.

origin:
from Arabic and Persian dīnār, Turkish and Serbian dinar, via late Greek from Latin denarius (see denarius).


word: DINE
russian_word: обедать
example: we dined at a restaurant
definition: eat dinner.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dʌɪn
phonetics_text: dʌɪn
synonyms:
have dinner|have supper|eat|feed|feast|banquet|consume|take|partake of|devour|nosh|tuck into|scoff|sup|break bread

origin:
Middle English: from Old French disner, probably from desjëuner ‘to break fast’, from des- (expressing reversal) + jëun ‘fasting’ (from Latin jejunus ).


word: DINGLE
russian_word: лощина
definition: a deep wooded valley or dell.
synonyms: valley|dale|vale|hollow|gully|dene|combe|slade|nook|clough|glen|strath|dell
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪŋɡ(ə)l
phonetics_text: ˈdɪŋɡ(ə)l
origin:
Middle English (denoting a deep abyss): of unknown origin. The current sense dates from the mid 17th century.


word: DINGY
russian_word: темный
example: a dingy room
definition: gloomy and drab.
antonyms: bright|clean
origin: mid 18th century: perhaps based on Old English dynge ‘dung’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪn(d)ʒi
phonetics_text: ˈdɪn(d)ʒi
synonyms:
gloomy|drab|dark|dull|badly/poorly lit|dim|dismal|sombre|grim|dreary|cheerless|dirty|discoloured|grimy|soiled|faded|shabby|dowdy|worn|seedy|run down|tacky|tenebrous


word: DINKY
russian_word: изящный
example: a dinky little restaurant|I can't believe the dinky salaries they pay here
definition: (of an object or place) attractively small and neat.|disappointingly small; insignificant.
origin: late 18th century: from Scots and northern English dialect dink ‘neat, trim’, of unknown origin.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪŋki
phonetics_text: ˈdɪŋki
synonyms:
small|little|petite|dainty|diminutive|mini|miniature|fun-size|cute|neat|trim|dear|adorable|wee|teeny|teeny weeny|teensy-weensy|adorbs|little-bitty


word: DINNER
russian_word: ужин
definition: the main meal of the day, taken either around midday or in the evening.
origin: Middle English: from Old French disner (infinitive used as a noun: see dine).
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪnə
phonetics_text: ˈdɪnə
synonyms:
evening meal|supper|main meal|repast|lunch|feast|banquet|dinner party|tea|blowout|binge|feed|nosh-up|scoff|slap-up meal|spread|tuck-in|refection|collation


word: DINNER JACKET
russian_word: смокинг
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a man's jacket without tails, typically black, worn with a bow tie for formal occasions in the evening.


word: DINOFLAGELLATE
russian_word: динофлагеляты
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdʌɪnə(ʊ)ˈfladʒəleɪt
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪnə(ʊ)ˈfladʒəleɪt
definition:
a single-celled organism with two flagella, occurring in large numbers in marine plankton and also found in fresh water. Some produce toxins that can accumulate in shellfish, resulting in poisoning when eaten.

origin:
late 19th century (as an adjective): from modern Latin Dinoflagellata (plural), from Greek dinos ‘whirling’ + Latin flagellum ‘small whip’ (see flagellum).


word: DINT
russian_word: вмятина
example: the soft dints at the top of a coconut
definition: a dent or hollow in a surface.|a blow or stroke, typically one made with a weapon in fighting.
synonyms: dent|indentation|depression|dip|dimple|cleft|hollow|crater|pit|notch|nick|chip|mark|cut|gouge|gash
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪnt
phonetics_text: dɪnt
origin:
Old English dynt  ‘stroke with a weapon’, reinforced in Middle English by the related Old Norse word dyntr ; of unknown ultimate origin. Compare with dent.


word: DIOCESE
russian_word: епархия
definition: a district under the pastoral care of a bishop in the Christian Church.
synonyms: bishopric|see|parish
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəsɪs
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəsɪs
origin:
Middle English: from Old French diocise, from late Latin diocesis, from Latin dioecesis ‘governor's jurisdiction, diocese’, from Greek dioikēsis ‘administration, diocese’, from dioikein ‘keep house, administer’.


word: DIODE
russian_word: диод
origin: early 20th century: from di-1 ‘two’ + a shortened form of electrode.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪəʊd
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪəʊd
definition:
a semiconductor device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only.


word: DIOECIOUS
russian_word: раздельнополый
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈiːʃəs
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈiːʃəs
definition:
(of a plant or invertebrate animal) having the male and female reproductive organs in separate individuals.

origin:
mid 18th century: from modern Latin Dioecia (a class in Linnaeus's sexual system), from di-1 ‘two’ + Greek -oikos ‘house’.


word: DIONYSIAC
russian_word: относящийся к Дионису
example: dark, grand Dionysian music
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdʌɪəˈnɪzɪak
phonetics_text: ˌdʌɪəˈnɪzɪak
definition:
relating to the god Dionysus.|relating to the sensual, spontaneous, and emotional aspects of human nature.


word: DIOPSIDE
russian_word: диопсид
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɒpsʌɪd
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɒpsʌɪd
definition:
a mineral occurring as white to pale green crystals in metamorphic and basic igneous rocks. It consists of a calcium and magnesium silicate of the pyroxene group, often also containing iron and chromium.

origin:
early 19th century: from French, formed irregularly from di-3 ‘through’ + Greek opsis ‘aspect’, later interpreted as derived from Greek diopsis ‘a view through’.


word: DIOPTASE
russian_word: диоптаз
origin: early 19th century: from French, formed irregularly from Greek dioptos ‘transparent’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɒpteɪz
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɒpteɪz
definition:
a rare mineral occurring as emerald green or blue-green crystals. It consists of a hydrated silicate of copper.


word: DIOPTRE
russian_word: диоптрия
example: vision corrected to within one dioptre of perfect sight
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɒptə
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɒptə
definition:
a unit of refractive power, which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length (in metres) of a given lens.

origin:
late 16th century (originally as diopter, denoting an alidade): from French, from Latin dioptra, from Greek, from di- ‘through’ + optos ‘visible’. The term was used in the early 17th century to denote an ancient form of theodolite; the current sense dates from the late 19th century.


word: DIOPTRIC
russian_word: диоптрический
origin: mid 17th century: from Greek dioptrikos, from dioptra, a kind of theodolite (see dioptre).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dʌɪˈɒptrɪk
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɒptrɪk
definition:
relating to the refraction of light, especially in the organs of sight or in devices which aid or improve the vision.


word: DIORITE
russian_word: диорит
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪərʌɪt
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪərʌɪt
definition:
a speckled, coarse-grained igneous rock consisting essentially of plagioclase, feldspar, and hornblende or other mafic minerals.

origin:
early 19th century: coined in French, formed irregularly from Greek diorizein ‘distinguish’ + -ite1.


word: DIOSGENIN
russian_word: диосгенин
definition: a steroid compound obtained from Mexican yams and used in the synthesis of steroid hormones.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɒsdʒənɪn
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɒsdʒənɪn
origin:
1930s: from dios- (from the modern Latin genus name Dioscorea ) + genin, denoting steroids that occur as the non-sugar part of certain glycosides.


word: DIOXIN
russian_word: диоксин
origin: early 20th century: from di-1 ‘two’ + ox- ‘oxygen’ + -in1.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈɒksɪn
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈɒksɪn
definition:
a highly toxic compound produced as a by-product in some manufacturing processes, notably herbicide production and paper bleaching. It is a serious and persistent environmental pollutant.


word: DIP
russian_word: падение
antonyms: rise
synonyms: immerse|submerge|plunge|duck|dunk|lower|sink|douse|soak|drench|souse|steep|saturate|bathe|rinse
origin: Old English dyppan, of Germanic origin; related to deep.
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪp
phonetics_text: dɪp
example:
he dipped a brush in the paint|Ian dipped into his briefcase and pulled out a photograph|the sun had dipped below the horizon

definition:
put or let something down quickly or briefly in or into (liquid).|put a hand or implement into (a bag or container) in order to take something out.|sink, drop, or slope downwards.|miss an opportunity; fail.|pick (someone's pocket).


word: DIPHENYLAMINE
russian_word: дифениламина
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈfiːnʌɪləˌmiːn
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈfiːnʌɪləˌmiːn|dʌɪˈfɛnɪləˌmiːn
definition:
a synthetic crystalline compound with basic properties, used in making azo dyes and as an insecticide and larvicide.


word: DIPHTHERIA
russian_word: дифтерия
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪfˈθɪərɪə
phonetics_text: dɪfˈθɪərɪə|dɪpˈθɪərɪə
definition:
an acute and highly contagious bacterial disease causing inflammation of the mucous membranes, formation of a false membrane in the throat which hinders breathing and swallowing, and potentially fatal heart and nerve damage by a bacterial toxin in the blood. It is now rare in developed countries owing to immunization.

origin:
mid 19th century: modern Latin, from French diphthérie (earlier diphthérite ), from Greek diphthera ‘skin, hide’.


word: DIPHTHEROID
russian_word: дифтероид
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: ˈdɪfθərɔɪd
phonetics_text: ˈdɪfθərɔɪd|ˈdɪpθərɔɪd
definition:
any bacterium of a genus that includes the diphtheria bacillus, especially one that does not cause disease.


word: DIPLEGIA
russian_word: диплегия
origin: late 19th century: from di-1 ‘two’, on the pattern of hemiplegia and paraplegia .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dʌɪˈpliːdʒə
phonetics_text: dʌɪˈpliːdʒə
definition:
paralysis of corresponding parts on both sides of the body, typically affecting the legs more severely than the arms.


word: DIPLOBLASTIC
russian_word: имеющий два зародышевых листка
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɪplə(ʊ)ˈblastɪk
phonetics_text: ˌdɪplə(ʊ)ˈblastɪk
definition:
having a body derived from only two embryonic cell layers (ectoderm and endoderm, but no mesoderm), as in sponges and coelenterates.


word: DIPLOMACY
russian_word: дипломатия
example: an extensive round of diplomacy in the Middle East
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈpləʊməsi
phonetics_text: dɪˈpləʊməsi
definition:
the profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country's representatives abroad.

synonyms:
statesmanship|statecraft|negotiation(s)|discussion(s)|talks|consultation|conference|dialogue|foreign affairs|foreign policy

origin:
late 18th century: from French diplomatie, from diplomatique ‘diplomatic’, on the pattern of aristocratie ‘aristocracy’.


word: DIPLOMAT
russian_word: дипломат
definition: an official representing a country abroad.
synonyms: ambassador|envoy|emissary|consul|attaché|plenipotentiary|chargé d'affaires|official|legate
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪpləmat
phonetics_text: ˈdɪpləmat
origin:
early 19th century: from French diplomate, back-formation from diplomatique ‘diplomatic’, from Latin diploma (see diploma).


word: DIPLOMATIC
russian_word: дипломатический
example: diplomatic relations with Britain were broken|a diplomatic transcription
definition: of or concerning diplomacy.|(of an edition or copy) exactly reproducing an original version.
synonyms: ambassadorial|consular|foreign-policy|political
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪpləˈmatɪk
phonetics_text: dɪpləˈmatɪk
origin:
early 18th century (in the sense ‘relating to official documents’): from modern Latin diplomaticus and French diplomatique, from Latin diploma (see diploma). diplomatic (sense 1) (late 18th century) is probably due to the publication of the Codex Juris Gentium Diplomaticus (1695), a collection of originals of important public documents, many of which dealt with international affairs.


word: DIPLOMATIC BAG
russian_word: дипломатическая почта
part_of_speech: noun
definition:
a container in which official mail is sent to or from an embassy, which is not subject to customs inspection.


word: DIPLOTENE
russian_word: диплотены
origin: 1920s: from diplo- ‘double’ + Greek tainia ‘band’.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪplətiːn
phonetics_text: ˈdɪplətiːn
definition:
the fourth stage of the prophase of meiosis, following pachytene, during which the paired chromosomes begin to separate into two pairs of chromatids.


word: DIPOLE
russian_word: диполь
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdʌɪpəʊl
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪpəʊl
definition:
a pair of equal and oppositely charged or magnetized poles separated by a distance.|an aerial consisting of a horizontal metal rod with a connecting wire at its centre.


word: DIPSTICK
russian_word: указатель уровня
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪpstɪk
phonetics_text: ˈdɪpstɪk
definition:
a graduated rod for measuring the depth of a liquid, especially oil in a vehicle's engine.|a stupid or inept person.


word: DIPTEROCARP
russian_word: диптерокарповых
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪpt(ə)rə(ʊ)ˌkɑːp
phonetics_text: ˈdɪpt(ə)rə(ʊ)ˌkɑːp
definition:
a tall forest tree from which are obtained resins and timber for the export trade, occurring mainly in SE Asia.

origin:
late 19th century: from modern Latin Dipterocarpus, from Greek dipteros ‘two-winged’ + karpos ‘fruit’.


word: DIPTYCH
russian_word: диптих
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪptɪk
phonetics_text: ˈdɪptɪk
definition:
a painting, especially an altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels which may be closed like a book.|an ancient writing tablet consisting of two hinged leaves with waxed inner sides.

origin:
early 17th century: via late Latin from late Greek diptukha ‘pair of writing tablets’, neuter plural of Greek diptukhos ‘folded in two’, from di- ‘twice’ + ptukhē ‘a fold’.


word: DIRE
russian_word: страшный
example: misuse of drugs can have dire consequences|the concert was dire
definition: extremely serious or urgent.|of a very poor quality.
antonyms: good|mild
origin: mid 16th century: from Latin dirus ‘fearful, threatening’.
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˈdʌɪə
phonetics_text: ˈdʌɪə
synonyms:
terrible|dreadful|appalling|frightful|awful|horrible|atrocious|grim|unspeakable|distressing|harrowing|alarming|shocking|outrageous|grave|serious|grievous|disastrous|ruinous|calamitous|catastrophic|cataclysmic|devastating|crippling|miserable|wretched|woeful|hopeless|irretrievable|lousy|chronic|direful|parlous|urgent|desperate|pressing|crying|sore|extreme|acute|drastic|critical|crucial|vital


word: DIRECT
russian_word: прямой
antonyms: indirect
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: dɪˈrɛkt
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛkt|dʌɪˈrɛkt
example:
there was no direct flight that day|the complications are a direct result of bacteria spreading|he is very direct and honest|a direct butt joint between surfaces of steel

definition:
extending or moving from one place to another without changing direction or stopping.|without intervening factors or intermediaries.|(of a person or their behaviour) going straight to the point; frank.|perpendicular to a surface; not oblique.

synonyms:
straight|undeviating|unswerving|shortest|quickest|non-stop|unbroken|uninterrupted|straight through|through

origin:
late Middle English: from Latin directus, past participle of dirigere, from di- ‘distinctly’ or de- ‘down’ + regere ‘put straight’.


word: DIRECTION
russian_word: направление
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n|dʌɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n
example:
she set off in the opposite direction|under his direction, the college has developed an international reputation

definition:
a course along which someone or something moves.|the management or guidance of someone or something.

synonyms:
administration|management|supervision|superintendence|government|regulation|orchestration|control|command|rule|conduct|handling|running|overseeing|masterminding|leadership|guidance

origin:
late Middle English (in direction (sense 2)): from Latin directio(n- ), from the verb dirigere (see direct).


word: DIRECTIONAL
russian_word: направленный
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n(ə)l|dʌɪˈrɛkʃ(ə)n(ə)l
example:
directional signs wherever two paths joined|coiling the wire permits directional flow of the magnetic flux

definition:
relating to or indicating the direction in which someone or something is situated or moving.|having a particular direction of motion, progression, or orientation.


word: DIRECTIVE
russian_word: директива
example: a new EC directive
definition: an official or authoritative instruction.
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪˈrɛktɪv
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛktɪv|dʌɪˈrɛktɪv
synonyms:
instruction|direction|command|order|charge|injunction|enjoinment|prescription|demand|rule|ruling|regulation|law|dictate|decree|dictum|edict|notice|ordinance|mandate|fiat|diktat

origin:
late Middle English (as an adjective): from medieval Latin directivus, from direct- ‘guided, put straight’, from the verb dirigere (see direct).


word: DIRECTLY
russian_word: непосредственно
definition: without changing direction or stopping.|with nothing or no one in between.|in a frank way.
antonyms: equivocally|euphemistically
part_of_speech: adverb|conjunction
phonetic: dɪˈrɛktli
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛktli|dʌɪˈrɛktli
example:
they went directly to the restaurant|the decisions directly affect people's health|she spoke simply and directly

synonyms:
straight|right|in a straight line|as the crow flies|by a direct route|without deviation|in a beeline|by the shortest route


word: DIRECTOR
russian_word: директор
example: the sales director
definition: a person who is in charge of an activity, department, or organization.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈrɛktə
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛktə|dʌɪˈrɛktə
origin:
late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French directour, from late Latin director ‘governor’, from dirigere ‘to guide’.


word: DIRECTORY
russian_word: каталог
synonyms: index|list|listing|register|catalogue|record|archive|inventory
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈrɛkt(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛkt(ə)ri|dʌɪˈrɛkt(ə)ri
definition:
a book or website listing individuals or organizations alphabetically or thematically with details such as names, addresses, and phone numbers.|a book of directions for the conduct of Christian worship, especially in Presbyterian and Roman Catholic Churches.|the revolutionary government in France 1795–9, comprising two councils and a five-member executive. It maintained an aggressive foreign policy, but could not control events at home and was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte.

origin:
late Middle English (in the general sense ‘something that directs’): from late Latin directorium, from director ‘governor’, from dirigere ‘to guide’.


word: DIRECTRIX
russian_word: директриса
definition: a fixed line used in describing a curve or surface.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈrɛktrɪks
phonetics_text: dɪˈrɛktrɪks|dʌɪˈrɛktrɪks
origin:
early 18th century: from medieval Latin, literally ‘directress’, based on Latin dirigere ‘to guide’.


word: DIRGE
russian_word: панихида
definition: a lament for the dead, especially one forming part of a funeral rite.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəːdʒ
phonetics_text: dəːdʒ
synonyms:
elegy|lament|funeral song/chant|burial hymn|requiem|dead march|keen|coronach|threnody|threnode|monody

origin:
Middle English (denoting the Office for the Dead): from Latin dirige! (imperative) ‘direct!’, the first word of an antiphon (Ps. 5:8) formerly used in the Latin Office for the Dead.


word: DIRHAM
russian_word: дирхам
origin: from Arabic, from Greek drakhmē, denoting an Attic weight or coin. Compare with drachma.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˈdɪərəm
phonetics_text: ˈdɪərəm
definition:
the basic monetary unit of Morocco and the United Arab Emirates, equal to 100 centimes in Morocco and 100 fils in the United Arab Emirates.|a monetary unit of Libya and Qatar, equal to one thousandth of a dinar in Libya and one hundredth of a riyal in Qatar.


word: DIRT
russian_word: грязь
example: Jo wiped the dirt off her face|is there any dirt on Desmond?
origin: Middle English: from Old Norse drit ‘excrement’, an early sense in English.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dəːt
phonetics_text: dəːt
definition:
a substance, such as mud or dust, that soils someone or something.|information about someone's activities or private life that could prove damaging if revealed.

synonyms:
grime|dust|soot|smut|muck|mud|filth|mire|sludge|slime|ooze|dross|scum|pollution|waste|smudges|stains|crud|yuck|grot|gunge|grunge


word: DIRTY
russian_word: грязный
antonyms: clean
part_of_speech: adjective|adverb|verb
phonetic: ˈdəːti
phonetics_text: ˈdəːti
example:
a tray of dirty cups and saucers|he had a reputation for dirty dealing|he told a stream of dirty jokes|the sea was a waste of dirty grey

definition:
covered or marked with an unclean substance.|(of an activity) dishonest; dishonourable.|concerned with sex in a lewd or obscene way.|(of weather) rough, stormy, and unpleasant.|(of a colour) not bright or pure; dull.

synonyms:
soiled|grimy|grubby|filthy|mucky|stained|unwashed|greasy|smeared|smeary|spotted|smudged|cloudy|muddy|dusty|sooty|unclean|sullied|impure|tarnished|polluted|contaminated|defiled|foul|unhygienic|insanitary|unsanitary|cruddy|yucky|icky|manky|gungy|grotty|bogging|befouled|besmirched|begrimed|feculent


word: DIS-
russian_word: дис-
example: disadvantage|diseconomy|disbud|disgruntled
origin: from Latin, sometimes via Old French des- .
part_of_speech: prefix
phonetic: dɪs
phonetics_text: dɪs
definition:
expressing negation.|denoting reversal or absence of an action or state.|denoting removal of something.|expressing completeness or intensification of an unpleasant or unattractive action.


word: DISABILITY
russian_word: инвалидность
example: children with severe physical disabilities|the plaintiff was under a disability
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈbɪlɪti
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈbɪlɪti
definition:
a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities.|a disadvantage or handicap, especially one imposed or recognized by the law.

synonyms:
disorder|condition|dysfunction|affliction|ailment|complaint|illness|malady|disease|disablement|incapacity|infirmity|special needs|learning difficulties|learning disability|handicap|abnormality|defect|impairment


word: DISABLE
russian_word: запрещать
example: it's an injury that could disable somebody for life
definition: (of a disease, injury, or accident) limit (someone) in their movements, senses, or activities.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈeɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈeɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
incapacitate|impair|damage|put out of action|render/make powerless|weaken|enfeeble|debilitate|indispose|make unfit|immobilize|hamstring|paralyse|prostrate|torpefy


word: DISABLED
russian_word: инвалид
example: facilities for disabled people
antonyms: able-bodied
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈeɪbld
phonetics_text: dɪsˈeɪbld
definition:
(of a person) having a physical or mental condition that limits their movements, senses, or activities.

synonyms:
having a disability|wheelchair-using|paralysed|paraplegic|quadriplegic|tetraplegic|monoplegic|having a mental disability|learning-disabled|having learning difficulties|having special needs|hemiplegic|paretic|paraparetic|physically challenged|differently abled|handicapped|physically handicapped|physically impaired|crippled|lame


word: DISABUSE
russian_word: выводить из заблуждения
example: he quickly disabused me of my fanciful notions
definition: persuade (someone) that an idea or belief is mistaken.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌdɪsəˈbjuːz
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsəˈbjuːz
synonyms:
disillusion|undeceive|correct|set right/straight|open the eyes of|enlighten|reveal the truth to|wake up|disenchant|shatter the illusions of|make sadder and wiser


word: DISADVANTAGE
russian_word: неудобство
example: a major disadvantage is the limited nature of the data
definition: an unfavourable circumstance or condition that reduces the chances of success or effectiveness.
antonyms: advantage|benefit
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ
phonetics_text: dɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ
synonyms:
drawback|snag|downside|stumbling block|catch|pitfall|fly in the ointment|weak spot/point|weakness|flaw|defect|fault|handicap|limitation|trouble|difficulty|problem|complication|liability|nuisance|hindrance|obstacle|impediment|disbenefit|minus|hiccup|spanner in the works|monkey wrench in the works

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desavantage, from des- (expressing reversal) + avantage ‘advantage’.


word: DISADVANTAGED
russian_word: неблагоприятном положении
example: disadvantaged groups such as the unemployed
antonyms: privileged
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒd
phonetics_text: dɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒd
definition:
(of a person or area) in unfavourable circumstances, especially with regard to financial or social opportunities.

synonyms:
deprived|underprivileged|depressed|in need|needy|in want|in distress|destitute|poor|poverty-stricken|discriminated against|on the bread line|necessitous


word: DISADVANTAGEOUS
russian_word: невыгодный
example: the new employment scheme is disadvantageous to women
antonyms: advantageous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɪsadv(ə)nˈteɪdʒəs
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsadv(ə)nˈteɪdʒəs
definition:
involving or creating unfavourable circumstances that reduce the chances of success or effectiveness.

synonyms:
unfavourable|adverse|inauspicious|unpropitious|unfortunate|unlucky|bad|detrimental|prejudicial|deleterious|harmful|damaging|injurious|hurtful|destructive|inopportune|ill-timed|untimely|inexpedient


word: DISAFFECTED
russian_word: недовольный
example: a military plot by disaffected elements in the army
definition: dissatisfied, especially with people in authority or a system of control.
antonyms: contented|loyal
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsəˈfɛktɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈfɛktɪd
synonyms:
dissatisfied|disgruntled|discontented|malcontent|restless|frustrated|fed up|alienated|estranged|disloyal|rebellious|insubordinate|mutinous|seditious|renegade|insurgent|insurrectionary|dissident|up in arms|hostile|antagonistic|unfriendly

origin:
mid 17th century: past participle of disaffect, originally in the sense ‘dislike or disorder’, from dis- (expressing reversal) + affect2.


word: DISAFFECTION
russian_word: недовольство
example: there is growing disaffection with large corporations
antonyms: contentment|loyalty
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈfɛkʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈfɛkʃ(ə)n
definition:
a state or feeling of being dissatisfied, especially with people in authority or a system of control.

synonyms:
dissatisfaction|disgruntlement|discontent|restlessness|frustration|alienation|estrangement|disloyalty|rebellion|insubordination|mutiny|sedition|insurgence|insurrection|dissidence|hostility|antagonism|animosity|discord|dissension


word: DISAFFOREST
russian_word: вырубать леса
example: in 1878 what remained of the forest of Essex was disafforested
origin: late Middle English (in disafforest (sense 2)): from Anglo-Latin disafforestare .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌdɪsəˈfɒrɪst
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsəˈfɒrɪst
definition:
another term for deforest.|reduce (a district) from the legal status of forest to that of ordinary land.


word: DISAGREE
russian_word: не соглашаться
example: no one was willing to disagree with him|the results disagree with the findings reported so far
antonyms: agree
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈɡriː
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈɡriː
definition:
have or express a different opinion.|(of statements or accounts) be inconsistent or fail to correspond.

synonyms:
fail to agree|be in dispute/contention|be at variance/odds|not see eye to eye|differ from|dissent from|diverge from|contradict|gainsay|challenge|oppose|argue|debate|quarrel|bicker|wrangle|squabble|spar|dispute|take issue|row|altercate|clash|be at loggerheads|cross swords|lock horns|fall out|have words|scrap|disaccord

origin:
late 15th century (in disagree (sense 2), also in the sense ‘refuse to agree to’): from Old French desagreer .


word: DISAGREEABLE
russian_word: неприятный
example: a disagreeable thought
definition: unpleasant or unenjoyable.
antonyms: pleasant
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsəˈɡriːəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈɡriːəb(ə)l
synonyms:
unpleasant|displeasing|nasty|horrible|dreadful|horrid|frightful|abominable|odious|offensive|obnoxious|objectionable|repugnant|repulsive|repellent|revolting|disgusting|foul|vile|nauseating|sickening|hateful|detestable|distasteful|unsavoury|unpalatable

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘discordant, incongruous’): from Old French desagreable, based on agreer ‘agree’.


word: DISAGREEMENT
russian_word: разногласие
example: there was some disagreement about the details
definition: lack of consensus or approval.
antonyms: consensus|agreement
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈɡriːmənt
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈɡriːmənt
synonyms:
dissent|lack of agreement|difference of opinion|dispute|variance|controversy|disaccord|discord|contention|divisions|argument|debate|quarrel|wrangle|squabble|altercation|disputation|war of words|contretemps|misunderstanding|strife|conflict|bickering|sparring|dissension|disharmony|falling-out|tiff|barney|set-to|shouting/slanging match|spat|ding-dong|row|afters|rammy


word: DISALLOW
russian_word: запрещать
example: he was offside and the goal was disallowed
definition: refuse to declare valid.
antonyms: allow
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘disown, refuse to accept’): from Old French desalouer .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈlaʊ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈlaʊ
synonyms:
reject|refuse|dismiss|say no to|ban|bar|block|stop|debar|forbid|prohibit|blackball|cancel|declare null and void|invalidate|overrule|quash|overturn|countermand|reverse|throw out|set aside|veto|embargo|proscribe|give the thumbs down to|squash


word: DISAPPEAR
russian_word: исчезать
example: he disappeared into the trees
definition: cease to be visible.
antonyms: appear|reappear
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈpɪə
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpɪə
synonyms:
vanish|pass from sight|cease to be visible|vanish from sight|recede from view|be lost to view/sight|fade|fade/melt away|withdraw|depart|retire|retreat|go|pass|ebb|wane|dissipate|be dispelled|dematerialize|evaporate|evanesce

origin:
late Middle English: from dis- (expressing reversal) + appear, on the pattern of French disparaître .


word: DISAPPEARANCE
russian_word: исчезновение
example: the sun's disappearance at night
definition: an act of someone or something ceasing to be visible.
antonyms: appearance|reappearance
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈpɪərəns
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpɪərəns
synonyms:
vanishing|fading|fading/melting away|passing from sight|receding from view|withdrawal|departure|retirement|retreat|going|passing|exit|ebb|wane|dissipation|dematerialization|dissolution|evaporation|evanescence


word: DISAPPOINT
russian_word: разочаровывать
example: I have no wish to disappoint everyone by postponing the visit
definition: fail to fulfil the hopes or expectations of.
antonyms: cheer|satisfy
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘deprive of a position’): from Old French desappointer .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈpɔɪnt
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpɔɪnt
synonyms:
let down|fail|dash the hopes of|dishearten|dispirit|discourage|upset|dismay|depress|sadden|dampen the spirits of|disenchant|disillusion|shatter the illusions of|dissatisfy|disgruntle|chagrin|fall short (of expectations)|bum out


word: DISAPPOINTED
russian_word: разочарованный
example: I'm disappointed in you, Mary
definition: sad or displeased because someone or something has failed to fulfil one's hopes or expectations.
antonyms: pleased|satisfied
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd
synonyms:
saddened|upset|let down|disheartened|downhearted|cast down|downcast|depressed|dispirited|discouraged|despondent|dismayed|crestfallen|distressed|chagrined|disenchanted|disillusioned|displeased|discontented|dissatisfied|frustrated|disgruntled|choked|miffed|cut up|gutted|as sick as a parrot


word: DISAPPOINTING
russian_word: разочаровывающий
example: the team made a disappointing start
definition: failing to fulfil someone's hopes or expectations.
antonyms: encouraging|cheering|satisfactory
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ
synonyms:
saddening|disheartening|dispiriting|discouraging|upsetting|dismaying|depressing|distressing|disenchanting|disillusioning|dissatisfying|regrettable|unfortunate|unsatisfactory|inadequate|insufficient|unworthy|substandard|not good enough|poor|inferior|deficient|second-rate|pathetic|lame|pitiful|anticlimactic|below par|not up to scratch|not up to snuff|sorry|not all it's cracked up to be|underwhelming|duff|ropy|rubbish


word: DISAPPOINTINGLY
russian_word: неутешительно
example: the concert ended disappointingly|disappointingly, bad weather forced the cancellation of my trip
part_of_speech: adverb
phonetic: ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋli
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋli
definition:
in a manner that fails to fulfil someone's hopes or expectations.|used to express disappointment at an event or situation.


word: DISAPPOINTMENT
russian_word: разочарование
example: to her disappointment, there was no chance to talk privately with Luke
definition: sadness or displeasure caused by the non-fulfilment of one's hopes or expectations.
antonyms: satisfaction|happiness
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈpɔɪntm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpɔɪntm(ə)nt
synonyms:
sadness|regret|dismay|sorrow|dispiritedness|despondency|heavy-heartedness|depression|distress|mortification|chagrin|disenchantment|disillusionment|displeasure|discontent|dissatisfaction|disgruntlement


word: DISAPPROBATION
russian_word: осуждение
example: she braved her mother's disapprobation and slipped out to enjoy herself
definition: strong disapproval, typically on moral grounds.
antonyms: approval
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˌaprəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n
phonetics_text: dɪsˌaprəˈbeɪʃ(ə)n
synonyms:
disapproval|dislike|dissatisfaction|disfavour|displeasure|distaste|odium|objection|demurral|exception|dissent|disagreement|criticism|censure|condemnation|denunciation|opprobrium|blame|reproach|rebuke|reproof|remonstration|disparagement|deprecation|the thumbs down|animadversion


word: DISAPPROVAL
russian_word: неодобрение
example: Jill replied with a hint of disapproval in her voice
definition: possession or expression of an unfavourable opinion.
antonyms: approval
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsəˈpruːvl
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpruːvl
synonyms:
disapprobation|dislike|dissatisfaction|disfavour|displeasure|distaste|odium|objection|demurral|exception|dissent|disagreement|criticism|censure|condemnation|denunciation|opprobrium|blame|reproach|rebuke|reproof|remonstration|disparagement|deprecation|the thumbs down|animadversion


word: DISAPPROVE
russian_word: не одобрять
example: Bob strongly disapproved of drinking and driving
definition: have or express an unfavourable opinion.
antonyms: approve|approving
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈpruːv
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈpruːv
synonyms:
have/express a poor opinion of|dislike|be against|object to|find unacceptable|think wrong|take exception to|not believe in|not support|frown on|take a dim view of|look askance at|be dissatisfied with|be displeased with|be hostile towards|detest|deplore|despise|loathe|criticize|censure|blame|condemn|denounce|decry|reproach|rebuke|reprove|remonstrate against|disparage|deprecate|look down one's nose at|knock|animadvert|reproachful|reproving|full of reproof|critical|criticizing|censorious|condemnatory|condemning|denouncing|scathing|damning|disparaging|deprecatory|unfavourable|pejorative|derogatory|dissatisfied|displeased|hostile|knocking|slating


word: DISARM
russian_word: разоружаться
example: guerrillas had completely disarmed their forces|his tact and political skills will disarm critics
antonyms: arm|militarize
synonyms: deprive of arms|take weapons from|render defenceless|make powerless|demilitarize|demobilize
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desarmer .
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈɑːm
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɑːm
definition:
take a weapon or weapons away from (a person, force, or country).|allay the hostility or suspicions of.


word: DISARMAMENT
russian_word: разоружение
example: the public wanted peace and disarmament
definition: the reduction or withdrawal of military forces and weapons.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈɑːməm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɑːməm(ə)nt
synonyms:
demilitarization|demobilization|deactivation of arms/weapons|laying down of arms/weapons|arms/weapons reduction|arms/weapons limitation|arms/weapons control|de-escalation


word: DISARMING
russian_word: обезоруживающий
example: he gave her a disarming smile
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈɑːmɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈɑːmɪŋ
definition:
(of manner or behaviour) having the effect of allaying suspicion or hostility, especially through charm.

synonyms:
winning|charming|likeable|enchanting|beguiling|persuasive|irresistible|conciliatory|mollifying|placating|pacifying|propitiating


word: DISARRANGE
russian_word: приводить в беспорядок
example: had any of the statues been removed or disarranged?
definition: make untidy or disordered.
antonyms: arrange|tidy
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈreɪn(d)ʒ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈreɪn(d)ʒ
synonyms:
disorder|bring/throw into disorder|put out of place|throw into disarray|make disorderly|disorganize|disturb|displace|make untidy|mess up|make a mess of|confuse|throw into confusion|jumble|mix up|muddle|turn upside-down|derange|scatter|dishevel|tousle|rumple|turn topsy-turvy|make a shambles of|muss up


word: DISARRAY
russian_word: смятение
example: her grey hair was in disarray
definition: a state of disorganization or untidiness.
antonyms: tidiness|orderliness
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French dissairay .
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈreɪ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈreɪ
synonyms:
disorder|confusion|chaos|untidiness|dishevelment|mess|muddle|clutter|jumble|mix-up|tangle|hotchpotch|shambles|omnishambles|disorganization|lack of order|discomposure|disunity|indiscipline|unruliness


word: DISASSEMBLE
russian_word: демонтировать
example: the piston can be disassembled for transport
definition: take (something) to pieces.
antonyms: assemble|put together
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈsɛmb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈsɛmb(ə)l
synonyms:
dismantle|take apart|take to pieces|pull apart|pull to pieces|take/pull to bits|deconstruct|break up|strip down


word: DISASTER
russian_word: катастрофа
example: 159 people died in the disaster
definition: a sudden accident or a natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life.
antonyms: blessing
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈzɑːstə
phonetics_text: dɪˈzɑːstə
synonyms:
catastrophe|calamity|cataclysm|tragedy|act of God|holocaust|accident|mishap|misadventure|mischance|setback|reversal|reverse of fortune|contretemps|stroke of ill luck|problem|difficulty|heavy blow|shock|buffet|adversity|trouble|misfortune|ruin|ruination|tribulation|woe|distress|casualty|bale|mishanter

origin:
mid 16th century: from Italian disastro ‘ill-starred event’, from dis- (expressing negation) + astro ‘star’ (from Latin astrum ).


word: DISASTROUS
russian_word: гибельный
example: a disastrous fire swept through the museum
definition: causing great damage.
antonyms: fortunate|successful|beneficial
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈzɑːstrəs
phonetics_text: dɪˈzɑːstrəs
synonyms:
catastrophic|calamitous|cataclysmic|tragic|devastating|ravaging|ruinous|harmful|injurious|detrimental|adverse|dire|terrible|awful|shocking|appalling|dreadful|grievous|horrible|black|dark|bad|unfortunate|unlucky|ill-fated|ill-starred|inauspicious|unfavourable

origin:
late 16th century (in the sense ‘ill-fated’): from French désastreux, from Italian disastroso, from disastro ‘disaster’.


word: DISAVOW
russian_word: дезавуировать
example: the union leaders resisted pressure to disavow picket-line violence
definition: deny any responsibility or support for.
origin: late Middle English: from Old French desavouer .
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsəˈvaʊ
phonetics_text: dɪsəˈvaʊ
synonyms:
deny|disclaim|disown|wash one's hands of|reject|repudiate|contradict|rebut|abjure|renounce|forswear|eschew


word: DISAVOWAL
russian_word: отрицание
example: his disavowal of his previous writings
definition: the denial of any responsibility or support for something; repudiation.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsəˈvaʊəl
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsəˈvaʊəl
synonyms:
denial|disowning|disclaimer|rejection|repudiation|contradiction|rebuttal|renunciation|eschewal|casting off/aside|abandonment


word: DISBELIEF
russian_word: неверие
example: Laura shook her head in disbelief
definition: inability or refusal to accept that something is true or real.
antonyms: belief|credence
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsbɪˈliːf
phonetics_text: dɪsbɪˈliːf
synonyms:
incredulity|incredulousness|lack of belief|lack of credence|lack of conviction|scepticism|doubt|doubtfulness|dubiety|dubiousness|questioning|cynicism|suspicion|distrust|mistrust|wariness|chariness|bewilderment|bafflement|surprise|shock|stupefaction|confusion|perplexity


word: DISBELIEVE
russian_word: не верить
example: he seemed to disbelieve her
definition: be unable to believe.
antonyms: believe|believing
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsbɪˈliːv
phonetics_text: dɪsbɪˈliːv
synonyms:
not believe|not credit|give no credence to|discredit|discount|doubt|distrust|mistrust|be suspicious of|have no confidence/faith in|be incredulous of|be unconvinced about|not accept|reject|repudiate|question|challenge|contradict|take with a pinch of salt|incredulous|unbelieving|doubtful|dubious|unconvinced|distrustful|mistrustful|suspicious|lacking trust|cynical|sceptical


word: DISBELIEVER
russian_word: неверующий
example: she intends to prove the disbelievers wrong
definition: a person who refuses to believe something or who lacks religious faith.
antonyms: believer
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvə
phonetics_text: ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvə
synonyms:
unbeliever|non-believer|atheist|non-theist|irreligionist|nihilist|rationalist|sceptic|doubter|agnostic|doubting Thomas|questioner|challenger|cynic|scoffer|nullifidian


word: DISBURSE
russian_word: выплачивать
example: $67 million of the pledged aid had already been disbursed
definition: pay out (money from a fund).
antonyms: claim
origin: mid 16th century: from Old French desbourser, from des- (expressing removal) + bourse ‘purse’.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈbəːs
phonetics_text: dɪsˈbəːs
synonyms:
pay out|lay out|spend|expend|dole out|hand out|part with|donate|give|fork out|shell out|dish out|lash out|cough up|splurge|blow|stump up|ante up|pony up


word: DISBURSEMENT
russian_word: выплата
example: they established a committee to supervise the disbursement of aid
definition: the payment of money from a fund.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈbəːsm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈbəːsm(ə)nt
synonyms:
payment|disbursal|paying out|laying out|spending|expending|expenditure|disposal|outlay|doling out|handing out|parting with|donation|giving


word: DISC
russian_word: диск
example: coins were made by striking a blank disc of metal|the smudged yellow disc of the moon
definition: a flat, thin circular object.|an object or part resembling a disc in shape or appearance.
synonyms: circle|round|saucer|discus|ring
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsk
phonetics_text: dɪsk
origin:
mid 17th century (originally referring to the seemingly flat circular form of the sun or moon): from French disque or Latin discus (see discus).


word: DISCARD
russian_word: отбрасывать
example: Hilary bundled up the clothes she had discarded
definition: get rid of (someone or something) as no longer useful or desirable.
antonyms: keep|acquire
part_of_speech: verb|noun
synonyms:
dispose of|throw away|throw out|get rid of|toss out|reject|jettison|scrap|dispense with|cast aside/off|repudiate|abandon|relinquish|drop|have done with|shed|slough off|shrug off|throw on the scrapheap|chuck (away/out)|fling away|dump|ditch|axe|bin|junk|get shut of|get shot of|trash|forsake

phonetic:
late 16th century (originally in the sense ‘reject (a playing card’)): from dis- (expressing removal) + the noun card1.


word: DISCERN
russian_word: различать
example: I can discern no difference between the two policies
definition: recognize or find out.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈsəːn
phonetics_text: dɪˈsəːn
origin:
late Middle English: via Old French from Latin discernere, from dis- ‘apart’ + cernere ‘to separate’.


word: DISCERNIBLE
russian_word: различимый
example: the scandal had no discernible effect on his career
definition: able to be discerned; perceptible.
antonyms: imperceptible
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsəːnɪb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈsəːnɪb(ə)l
synonyms:
visible|detectable|noticeable|perceptible|observable|perceivable|distinguishable|recognizable|identifiable|apparent|obvious|clear|manifest|conspicuous|patent|plain|evident|distinct|appreciable


word: DISCERNING
russian_word: проницательный
example: the brasserie attracts discerning customers
definition: having or showing good judgement.
antonyms: undiscerning|indiscriminate
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈsəːnɪŋ
phonetics_text: dɪˈsəːnɪŋ
synonyms:
discriminating|selective|judicious|tasteful|refined|cultivated|cultured|sophisticated|enlightened|sensitive|subtle|critical|perceptive|insightful|percipient|perspicacious|penetrating|astute|shrewd|ingenious|clever|intelligent|sharp|wise|erudite|aware|knowing|sagacious|sapient


word: DISCERNMENT
russian_word: проницательность
example: an astonishing lack of discernment
definition: the ability to judge well.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsəːnm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈsəːnm(ə)nt
synonyms:
judgement|taste|discrimination|refinement|cultivation|sophistication|enlightenment|sensitivity|subtlety|insight|perceptiveness|perception|perspicacity|astuteness|acumen|shrewdness|ingeniousness|cleverness|intelligence|sharpness|wisdom|erudition|awareness|sagacity|sapience


word: DISCHARGE
russian_word: разряд
antonyms: absorb
part_of_speech: verb|noun
example:
industrial plants discharge highly toxic materials into rivers|the bank had failed to discharge its supervisory duties|the court may discharge a care order on the application of the child

definition:
tell (someone) officially that they can or must leave a place or situation.|allow (a liquid, gas, or other substance) to flow out from where it has been confined.|do all that is required to perform (a duty) or fulfil (a responsibility).|(of a judge or court) cancel (an order of a court).

synonyms:
send out|pour|release|eject|emit|let out|void|issue|dispense|give off|exude|excrete|ooze|leak|gush|jet|extravasate|disembogue

phonetic:
Middle English (in the sense ‘relieve of an obligation’): from Old French descharger, from late Latin discarricare ‘unload’, from dis- (expressing reversal) + carricare ‘to load’ (see charge).


word: DISCIPLE
russian_word: ученик
definition: a personal follower of Christ during his life, especially one of the twelve Apostles.
synonyms: apostle|follower
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈsʌɪp(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪˈsʌɪp(ə)l
origin:
Old English, from Latin discipulus ‘learner’, from discere ‘learn’; reinforced by Old French deciple .


word: DISCIPLINE
russian_word: дисциплина
example: a lack of proper parental and school discipline|sociology is a fairly new discipline
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: ˈdɪsɪplɪn
phonetics_text: ˈdɪsɪplɪn
definition:
the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behaviour, using punishment to correct disobedience.|a branch of knowledge, typically one studied in higher education.

synonyms:
control|regulation|direction|order|authority|rule|strictness|a firm hand|routine|regimen|training|teaching|instruction|drill|drilling|exercise|use of punishment

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘mortification by scourging oneself’): via Old French from Latin disciplina ‘instruction, knowledge’, from discipulus (see disciple).


word: DISCLAIM
russian_word: отказываться
example: the school disclaimed any responsibility for his death
definition: refuse to acknowledge; deny.
antonyms: acknowledge|accept
synonyms: deny|refuse to accept|refuse to acknowledge|reject|wash one's hands of
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkleɪm
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkleɪm
origin:
late Middle English (in legal contexts): from Anglo-Norman French desclamer, from des- (expressing reversal) + clamer ‘to claim’ (see claim).


word: DISCLOSE
russian_word: раскрывать
example: they disclosed her name to the press
definition: make (secret or new information) known.
antonyms: conceal|hide
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkləʊz
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkləʊz
synonyms:
reveal|make known|divulge|tell|impart|communicate|pass on|vouchsafe|unfold|release|make public|broadcast|publish|report|unveil|go public with|leak|betray|let slip|let drop|blurt out|give away|admit|confess|let on|blab|spill the beans about|spill|blow the lid off|squeal about|blow the gaff|discover|unbosom

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French desclos-, stem of desclore, based on Latin claudere ‘to close’.


word: DISCLOSURE
russian_word: раскрытие
definition: the action of making new or secret information known.
antonyms: concealment
origin: late 16th century: from disclose, on the pattern of closure .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkləʊʒə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkləʊʒə
synonyms:
revelation|surprising fact|divulgence|declaration|announcement|news|report|exposé|leak|admission|confession|publishing|broadcasting|revealing|making known|communication|divulging|release|uncovering|unveiling|exposure|leakage|discovery|divulgation


word: DISCOBOLUS
russian_word: дискобол
definition: a discus-thrower in ancient Greece.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskɒbələs
phonetics_text: dɪˈskɒbələs
origin:
early 18th century: via Latin from Greek diskobolos, from diskos ‘discus’ + -bolos ‘-throwing’ (from ballein ‘to throw’).


word: DISCOGRAPHY
russian_word: дискография
example: the factual reliability is commendable—he clearly had a good discography to hand
origin: 1930s: from disc + -graphy, on the pattern of biography .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskɒɡrəfi
phonetics_text: dɪˈskɒɡrəfi
definition:
a descriptive catalogue of musical recordings, particularly those of a particular performer or composer.


word: DISCOLORATION
russian_word: обесцвечивание
example: teeth with amalgam fillings may run the risk of discoloration
definition: the process of becoming discoloured, or the state of being discoloured.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪskʌləˈreɪʃn
phonetics_text: ˌdɪskʌləˈreɪʃn
synonyms:
stain|mark|patch|soiling|streak|spot|blotch|tarnishing|blemish|flaw|defect|disfigurement|bruise|contusion|birthmark|liver spot|age spot|splodge|splotch|ecchymosis|naevus


word: DISCOLOUR
russian_word: обесцвечивать
example: do not over-knead the dough or it will discolour
definition: change or cause to change to a different, less attractive colour.
antonyms: shiny|clean
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkʌlə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkʌlə
synonyms:
stain|mark|soil|dirty|make dirty|streak|smear|spot|tarnish|sully|spoil|mar|disfigure|blemish|blacken|char|fade|bleach|wash out|rust|weather|stained|marked|spotted|soiled|tarnished|blackened|bleached|faded|yellowed|rusted|rusty|oxidized|weathered

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French descolorer or medieval Latin discolorare, from des-, dis- (expressing reversal) + Latin colorare ‘to colour’.


word: DISCOMFIT
russian_word: приводить в замешательство
example: he was not noticeably discomfited by her tone
definition: make (someone) feel uneasy or embarrassed.
antonyms: reassure
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkʌmfɪt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkʌmfɪt
synonyms:
embarrass|make uncomfortable|make uneasy|abash|disconcert|nonplus|discompose|discomfort|take aback|unsettle|unnerve|put someone off their stroke|ruffle|confuse|fluster|agitate|disorientate|upset|disturb|perturb|distress|chagrin|mortify|faze|rattle|discombobulate

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘defeat in battle’): from Old French desconfit, past participle of desconfire, based on Latin dis- (expressing reversal) + conficere ‘put together’ (see confection).


word: DISCOMFITURE
russian_word: конфуз
example: many MPs are secretly enjoying his discomfiture
definition: a feeling of unease or embarrassment; awkwardness.
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkʌmfɪtʃə
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkʌmfɪtʃə
synonyms:
embarrassment|unease|uneasiness|awkwardness|discomfort|discomposure|abashment|confusion|agitation|nervousness|flusteredness|disorientation|perturbation|distress|chagrin|mortification|shame|humiliation|discombobulation|disconcertment|disconcertion|nonplus


word: DISCOMFORT
russian_word: дискомфорт
example: the patient complained of discomfort in the left calf
definition: slight pain.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkʌmfət
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkʌmfət
synonyms:
pain|aches and pains|soreness|tenderness|irritation|stiffness|malaise|ache|twinge|pang|throb|cramp|hurt|gyp

origin:
Middle English (as a verb in the sense ‘dishearten’): from Old French desconforter (verb), desconfort (noun), from des- (expressing reversal) + conforter ‘to comfort’ (see comfort).


word: DISCOMPOSURE
russian_word: волнение
example: she laughed to mask her discomposure
definition: the state or feeling of being disturbed or agitated; agitation.
antonyms: composure
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: ˌdɪskəmˈpəʊʒə
phonetics_text: ˌdɪskəmˈpəʊʒə
synonyms:
agitation|discomfiture|discomfort|uneasiness|unease|confusion|disorientation|perturbation|distress|nervousness|flusteredness|anxiety|worry|consternation|disquiet|disquietude|embarrassment|abashment|chagrin|loss of face|discombobulation|disconcertment|disconcertion|inquietude


word: DISCONCERT
russian_word: смущать
example: the abrupt change of subject disconcerted her
definition: disturb the composure of; unsettle.
antonyms: reassure
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: ˌdɪskənˈsəːt
phonetics_text: ˌdɪskənˈsəːt
synonyms:
unsettle|nonplus|discomfit|throw/catch off balance|take aback|unnerve|disorient|perturb|disturb|perplex|confuse|bewilder|baffle|fluster|ruffle|shake|upset|agitate|worry|dismay|put out of countenance|discountenance|discompose|surprise|take by surprise|startle|stop someone in their tracks|distract|embarrass|abash|throw|faze|discombobulate|rattle|psych out|cause to be at a stand|gravel

origin:
late 17th century (in the sense ‘upset the progress of’): from obsolete French desconcerter, from des- (expressing reversal) + concerter ‘bring together’.


word: DISCONCERTING
russian_word: замешательство
example: he had a disconcerting habit of offering jobs to people he met at dinner parties
definition: causing one to feel unsettled.
antonyms: reassuring
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: ˌdɪskənˈsəːtɪŋ
phonetics_text: ˌdɪskənˈsəːtɪŋ
synonyms:
unsettling|unnerving|discomfiting|disturbing|perturbing|troubling|upsetting|worrying|concerning|alarming|embarrassing|awkward|bothersome|distracting|confusing|bewildering|perplexing|off-putting|anxious-making


word: DISCONFORMITY
russian_word: параллельное несогласие
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪskənˈfɔːmɪti
phonetics_text: dɪskənˈfɔːmɪti
definition:
lack of conformity.|a break in a sedimentary sequence which does not involve a difference of inclination between the strata on each side of the break.


word: DISCONNECT
russian_word: отключать
example: if the axle unit is partially disconnected from the body, the car should not be driven
definition: break the connection of or between.
antonyms: attach|connect
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪskəˈnɛkt
phonetics_text: dɪskəˈnɛkt
synonyms:
detach|disengage|uncouple|decouple|unhook|unhitch|unlink|unclick|undo|unfasten|unyoke|disarticulate|disjoin|disunite|separate|cut off|divorce|sever|isolate|divide|part|delink|dissociate|remove|dissever


word: DISCONSOLATE
russian_word: безутешный
example: she left Fritz looking disconsolate
definition: very unhappy and unable to be comforted.
antonyms: cheerful|happy
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈkɒns(ə)lət
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkɒns(ə)lət
synonyms:
sad|unhappy|doleful|woebegone|dejected|downcast|downhearted|despondent|dispirited|crestfallen|cast down|depressed|fed up|disappointed|disheartened|discouraged|demoralized|crushed|desolate|heartbroken|broken-hearted|inconsolable|heavy-hearted|low-spirited|forlorn|in the doldrums|melancholy|miserable|long-faced|wretched|glum|gloomy|dismal|blue|choked|down|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|brassed off|cheesed off|as sick as a parrot|dolorous|chap-fallen|heartsick|heartsore

origin:
late Middle English: from medieval Latin disconsolatus, from dis- (expressing reversal) + Latin consolatus (past participle of consolari ‘to console’).


word: DISCONTENT
russian_word: недовольство
example: voters voiced discontent with both parties
definition: dissatisfaction with one's circumstances; lack of contentment.
antonyms: contentment|satisfaction
part_of_speech: noun|adjective
phonetic: dɪskənˈtɛnt
phonetics_text: dɪskənˈtɛnt
synonyms:
dissatisfaction|disaffection|discontentment|discontentedness|disgruntlement|grievances|unhappiness|displeasure|bad feelings|resentment|envy|restlessness|unrest|uneasiness|unease|disquiet|fretfulness|frustration|impatience|irritation|chagrin|annoyance|pique|a chip on one's shoulder


word: DISCONTENTED
russian_word: недовольный
example: I am so discontented with my work
definition: dissatisfied, especially with one's circumstances.
antonyms: contented|satisfied
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪskənˈtɛntɪd
phonetics_text: dɪskənˈtɛntɪd
synonyms:
dissatisfied|disgruntled|fed up|disaffected|discontent|malcontent|unhappy|aggrieved|displeased|resentful|envious|restless|impatient|querulous|fretful|complaining|frustrated|irritated|chagrined|annoyed|peeved|piqued|fed up to the (back) teeth|with a chip on one's shoulder|sick to death|sick and tired|browned off|cheesed off|brassed off|hacked off|teed off|ticked off|pissed off|peed off|pissed


word: DISCONTINUE
russian_word: прекращать
example: the ferry service was discontinued by the proprietors
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪskənˈtɪnjuː
phonetics_text: dɪskənˈtɪnjuː
definition:
cease from doing or providing (something), especially something that has been provided on a regular basis.

origin:
late Middle English (in the sense ‘interrupt, disrupt’): via Old French from medieval Latin discontinuare, from Latin dis- ‘not’ + continuare (see continue).


word: DISCONTINUOUS
russian_word: прерывистый
example: a person with a discontinuous employment record
definition: having intervals or gaps.
antonyms: continuous
synonyms: intermittent|sporadic|broken|fitful|interrupted|on and off|disrupted|erratic|disconnected
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪskənˈtɪnjʊəs
phonetics_text: dɪskənˈtɪnjʊəs
origin:
mid 17th century (in the sense ‘producing discontinuity’): from medieval Latin discontinuus, from dis- ‘not’ + continuus (see continuous).


word: DISCORD
russian_word: разлад
example: a prosperous family who showed no signs of discord|the music faded in discord
definition: disagreement between people.|lack of harmony between notes sounding together.
antonyms: agreement|accord|harmony
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
strife|conflict|friction|hostility|disagreement|lack of agreement|dissension|dispute|difference of opinion|discordance|disunity|division|incompatibility|variance|antagonism|antipathy|enmity|opposition|bad feeling|ill feeling|bad blood|argument|quarrelling|squabbling|bickering|wrangling|feuding|contention|clashing|falling-out|war|vendetta|jar|disaccord

phonetic:
Middle English: from Old French descord (noun), descorder (verb), from Latin discordare, from discors ‘discordant’, from dis- (expressing negation, reversal) + cor, cord- ‘heart’.


word: DISCORDANT
russian_word: несогласный
antonyms: in agreement|harmonious|compatible
origin: late Middle English: from Old French descordant, present participle of descorder (see discord).
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈskɔːd(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪˈskɔːd(ə)nt
example:
the operative principle of democracy is a balance of discordant qualities|the singers continued their discordant chanting|studies with data from discordant twins will be useful to confirm our findings

definition:
disagreeing or incongruous.|(of sounds) harsh and jarring because of a lack of harmony.|(of a matched pair of subjects, especially twins) not having the same trait or disease.

synonyms:
in disagreement|at variance|at odds|disagreeing|differing|divergent|discrepant|contradictory|contrary|in conflict|conflicting|opposite|opposed|opposing|clashing|incompatible|inconsistent|irreconcilable|inconsonant|incongruous|oppugnant


word: DISCOUNT
russian_word: скидка
example: rail commuters get a discount on season tickets
definition: a deduction from the usual cost of something.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
reduction|deduction|markdown|price cut|cut|lower price|cut price|concession|concessionary price|rebate

phonetic:
early 17th century: from obsolete French descompte (noun), descompter (verb), or (in commercial contexts) from Italian ( di)scontare, both from medieval Latin discomputare, from Latin dis- (expressing reversal) + computare (see compute).


word: DISCOUNTENANCE
russian_word: смущать
definition: refuse to approve of.|disturb the composure of.
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkaʊntɪnəns
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkaʊntɪnəns
example:
the best solution to alcohol abuse is a healthy family life where alcohol consumption is discountenanced|Amanda was not discountenanced by the accusation

synonyms:
disapprove of|frown on|take a dim view of|be against|not believe in|object to|find unacceptable|think wrong


word: DISCOURAGE
russian_word: отговаривать
example: tedious regulations could discourage investors
definition: cause (someone) to lose confidence or enthusiasm.
antonyms: encourage|hearten|encouraged|optimistic|encouraging|promising
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ
synonyms:
dishearten|dispirit|demoralize|make despondent|make downhearted|cast down|depress|disappoint|dampen someone's hopes|dash someone's hopes|cause to lose heart|put off|unnerve|daunt|intimidate|cow|unman|crush|deject|disheartened|dispirited|demoralized|deflated|disappointed|let down|disconsolate|despondent|fed up|dejected|downcast|depressed|crestfallen|dismayed|low-spirited|gloomy|glum|pessimistic|unenthusiastic|having lost heart|lacking in enthusiasm|lacking in confidence|unconfident|daunted|intimidated|cowed|crushed|down in the mouth|down in the dumps|unenthused|with cold feet|heartsick|heartsore|chap-fallen|depressing|demoralizing|disheartening|dispiriting|disappointing|off-putting|unfavourable|unpromising|not hopeful|not encouraging|unpropitious|inauspicious|dejecting

origin:
late Middle English: from Old French descouragier, from des- (expressing reversal) + corage ‘courage’.


word: DISCOURAGEMENT
russian_word: уныние
example: do not give in to discouragement|the discouragement of crime
antonyms: optimism|incentive|stimulus
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒm(ə)nt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒm(ə)nt
definition:
a loss of confidence or enthusiasm; dispiritedness.|an attempt to prevent something by showing disapproval or creating difficulties; deterrent.

synonyms:
dispiritedness|downheartedness|dejection|depression|demoralization|disappointment|despondency|hopelessness|lack of enthusiasm|lack of confidence|pessimism|despair|gloom|gloominess|low spirits|cold feet|deterrent|disincentive|hindrance|obstacle|impediment|barrier|curb|check|damper|restraint|constraint|restriction|dissuasion|put-down|damp


word: DISCOURSE
russian_word: речь
example: the language of political discourse
definition: written or spoken communication or debate.
part_of_speech: noun|verb
synonyms:
discussion|conversation|talk|dialogue|communication|conference|debate|consultation|verbal exchange|parley|chat|adda|korero|confab|chit-chat|powwow|confabulation|palaver|colloquy|converse|interlocution

phonetic:
late Middle English (denoting the process of reasoning): from Old French discours, from Latin discursus ‘running to and fro’ (in medieval Latin ‘argument’), from the verb discurrere, from dis- ‘away’ + currere ‘to run’; the verb influenced by French discourir .


word: DISCOURTEOUS
russian_word: невоспитанный
example: it would be unkind and discourteous to decline a visit
definition: showing rudeness and a lack of consideration for other people.
antonyms: polite|courteous
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈkəːtɪəs
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkəːtɪəs
synonyms:
rude|impolite|ill-mannered|bad-mannered|disrespectful|uncivil|unmannerly|unchivalrous|ungallant|ungentlemanly|unladylike|ill-bred|churlish|boorish|crass|ungracious|graceless|uncouth|insolent|impudent|cheeky|audacious|presumptuous|curt|brusque|blunt|offhand|unceremonious|short|sharp|uncomplimentary|offensive|insulting|derogatory|disparaging|ignorant|malapert|contumelious|underbred|mannerless


word: DISCOURTESY
russian_word: грубость
example: he was able to discourage visitors without obvious discourtesy
definition: rude and inconsiderate behaviour.
antonyms: politeness|courtesy
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkəːtəsi
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkəːtəsi
synonyms:
rudeness|impoliteness|ill manners|lack of manners|bad manners|ill-manneredness|lack of civility|incivility|disrespect|disrespectfulness|unmannerliness|ungentlemanly behaviour|ungraciousness|churlishness|boorishness|ill breeding|uncouthness|crassness|insolence|impudence|impertinence|curtness|brusqueness|abruptness


word: DISCOVER
russian_word: открыть
example: firemen discovered a body in the debris|they contain some secrets which Time will discover
definition: find unexpectedly or during a search.|divulge (a secret).
antonyms: hide
part_of_speech: verb
phonetic: dɪˈskʌvə
phonetics_text: dɪˈskʌvə
synonyms:
find|locate|come across|come upon|stumble on|chance on|light on|bring to light|uncover|unearth|turn up|track down|run down|run to earth|run to ground|smoke out

origin:
Middle English (in the sense ‘make known’): from Old French descovrir, from late Latin discooperire, from Latin dis- (expressing reversal) + cooperire ‘cover completely’ (see cover).


word: DISCOVERY
russian_word: открытие
example: the discovery of the body
antonyms: concealment
origin: mid 16th century: from discover, on the pattern of the pair recover, recovery .
part_of_speech: noun
phonetic: dɪˈskʌv(ə)ri
phonetics_text: dɪˈskʌv(ə)ri
definition:
the action or process of discovering or being discovered.|the compulsory disclosure, by one party to an action to another, of relevant testimony or documents.

synonyms:
finding|locating|location|uncovering|unearthing|finding out|learning|realization|recognition|detection|determination|revelation|disclosure|aha moment|invention|origination|devising|pioneering|introduction


word: DISCREDIT
russian_word: дискредитировать
example: his remarks were taken out of context in an effort to discredit him
definition: harm the good reputation of.
antonyms: do credit to
part_of_speech: verb|noun
phonetic: dɪsˈkrɛdɪt
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkrɛdɪt
synonyms:
disgrace|dishonour|bring into disrepute|damage someone's reputation|blacken someone's name|destroy someone's credibility|drag through the mud/mire|put/show in a bad light|reflect badly on|compromise|give someone a bad name|bring into disfavour|stigmatize|detract from|disparage|denigrate|devalue|diminish|demean|belittle|defame|slander|cast aspersions on|malign|vilify|calumniate|smear|tarnish|besmirch|soil|slur|do a hatchet job on|smirch|besmear

origin:
mid 16th century: from dis- (expressing reversal) + credit, on the pattern of Italian ( di)scredito (noun), ( di)screditare (verb), and French discrédit (noun), discréditer (verb).


word: DISCREDITABLE
russian_word: дискредитирующий
example: allegations of discreditable conduct
definition: tending to bring harm to a reputation.
antonyms: creditable|praiseworthy|good
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪsˈkrɛdɪtəb(ə)l
phonetics_text: dɪsˈkrɛdɪtəb(ə)l
synonyms:
dishonourable|reprehensible|shameful|deplorable|disgraceful|disreputable|blameworthy|culpable|wrong|bad|ignoble|shabby|objectionable|regrettable|unfortunate|indefensible|unjustifiable|unacceptable|unworthy|remiss|exceptionable


word: DISCREET
russian_word: сдержанный
example: we made some discreet inquiries
antonyms: indiscreet|rash
part_of_speech: adjective
phonetic: dɪˈskriːt
phonetics_text: dɪˈskriːt
definition:
careful and prudent in one's speech or actions, especially in order to keep something confidential or to avoid embarrassment.

synonyms:
careful|circumspect|cautious|wary|chary|guarded|close-lipped|close-mouthed|tactful|diplomatic|considerate|politic|prudent|judicious|strategic|wise|sensible|delicate|kid-glove|softly-softly

origin:
Middle English: from Old French discret, from Latin discretus ‘separate’, past participle of discernere ‘discern’, the sense arising from late Latin discretio (see discretion). Compare with discrete.


